1351506 (1) 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是關於轉爐' AOD爐、熔鐵預備處理爐、混 鐵車等，具有縮口構造之爐的逆傾斜內襯構造，特別是關 於藉由將縮口部之內襯磚做成內傾斜堆積，以防止磚之破 裂，達成穩定之作業的嶄新改良。 【先前技術】 一般，在轉爐等之具有縮口部構造的爐，適用下述構 造：將縮口部的內襯磚與垂直地加襯於直體鐵皮之內襯磚 呈平行地堆積之水平堆積內襯構造，或以縮口部的內襯磚 之厚度方向中心軸位於縮口部鐵皮方向與和直體部鐵皮垂 直的方向之間的鈍角側的方式加以堆疊之傾斜堆疊內襯構 造。在水平堆疊構造，會有縮口部的基部也就是靠近直體 部之縮口部的內襯磚產生龜裂而脫落之情事。其主要原因 爲在承受熔鐵或熔鋼之爐，被曝露於高溫之內襯磚膨脹’ 由爐底朝爐口產生大的突起，該突起集中於縮口部之內襯 磚之故。因爲，使得其壽命變短。做爲解決此問題的方法 之一，對於縮口部考量製作傾斜堆疊內襯構造。 在以下的專利文獻揭示關於這些構造。 首先，在專利文獻1及2 ’揭示有傾斜堆疊構造與水 平堆疊構造。 又，在專利文獻3，揭示有將磚對於縮口部鐵皮面呈 垂直地堆疊的傾斜式內襯構造。 -4- (2) 1351506 * 又’在專利文獻4，揭示有水平堆疊之內襯構造。 ' 又’在專利文獻5’揭示有水平堆疊之內襯構造，其 . 特徵爲：以比起爐的軸線與縮口部鐵皮所構成之角度，軸 線與內襯磚表面所形成的角度變小之方式加以堆疊者。 且’可舉出* AOD爐的關聯構造如專利文獻6，而混 鐵車的關聯構造如專利文獻7。 [專利文獻1]日本實開昭61-159357號公報 φ [專利文獻2]日本特開2003-231910號公報 [專利文獻3]日本實開平3-67050號公報 [專利文獻4]曰本特開平5-279719號公報 [專科文獻5]日本特開平7-3321號公報 [專利文獻6]日本特開平7-224316號公報 [專利文獻7]日本特開平8-176634號公報 【發明內容】 • [發明所欲解決之課題] 以往的轉爐等之具有縮口構造之爐，係由於以如上述 的方式所構成’故存在有下述課題。即，比起水平堆積， 傾斜堆積可謀求應力減輕，而突顯其效果，但在建爐時， 會有磚偏移脫落，或在使用中磚脫離之情事。又，即使如 預定如期建爐’也因爐運轉中的多數時間，因重力所造成 朝下方落下的力量經常施加於傾斜堆疊磚上，所以特別是 在磚磨損’厚度變短之運轉末期，會有磚脫落之情事產生 。且，根據本案發明者們的硏究，可得知原本在傾斜堆疊 -5- (3) 1351506 * ，雖可減輕造成磚龜裂之應力，但比起水平堆疊，在縮口 ' 部之磚間容易產生間隙。 [用以解決課題之手段] ' 本發明的具有縮口構造之爐的逆傾斜內襯構造，係針 對具有直體部及縮口部之爐的縮口部構造，以施工於前述 縮口部的內側之內襯磚的厚度方向中心軸，位於在前述縮 φ 口部的鐵皮面（la)上，由爐底朝爐口沿著前述鐵皮而朝 向高度方向之高度方向軸與和前述直體部的鐵皮面（la) 垂直的垂直方向軸之間的銳角側之方式，將前述內襯磚堆 疊之結構，又，前述厚度方向中心軸係對於前述垂直方向 軸呈5〜30度之逆傾斜角度的結構，又，在施工於前述縮 口部之內襯碍的爐內面無階差，又前述爐爲轉爐、AOD 爐、混鐵車、熔鐵預備處理爐的任一者。 [發明效果] 本發明之具有縮口構造之爐的逆傾斜內襯構造，由於 如上述方式所構成，所以可獲得下述效果。即，藉由將轉 爐、AOD爐、熔鐵預備處理爐 '混鐵車等具有縮口構造 之爐的逆傾斜內襯磚堆疊構造做成內傾斜堆疊，能夠在建 爐中，不會有內襯磚偏移脫落，能容易地進行建爐，所以 可獲得大幅度地縮短施工時間之效果。又，在使用中不會 產生因碍的膨脹所造成之應力集中，可謀求防止磚的破裂 ，且，因在縮口部的磚間不會產生間隙，所以可進行穩定 -6 - (4) (4)!3515〇6 作業，又，不需要以往之對於磚損傷或脫落所實施之修補 作業、伴隨該修補作業之修補材，而能獲得爐壽命大幅度 地提昇之效果。 【實施方式】 本發明之目的係在於提供，藉由將爐的內襯磚堆疊構 造做成逆傾斜堆疊，使得建爐中的碍不會有偏移或脫落， 容易進行建爐之內襯材；及當使用時，不會產生因磚的膨 脹所引起之應力集中，可謀求防止磚的破裂：及在使用中 ’於縮口部的碍間不會產生間隙的具有縮口構造之爐的逆 傾斜內襯構造。 [實施例] 以下，根據圖面，說明關於本發明的具有縮口構造之 爐的逆傾斜內襯構造之理想實施形態。 通常，爐20的碍堆疊施工係由爐20的底部20a朝上 進行的。做爲其一例，使用圖1作說明。圖1係在鐵皮1 的內側’施工有永久（permanent)內襯材2、耐火內襯材 (wear lining) 3。此永久內襯材2，亦可爲定型耐火物之 碍’亦可爲不定型耐火物之可鑄耐火材、模鍛材、塡充材 等，任一者均可。另一方面，耐火內襯材3爲具有預定形 狀之碍。這些的永久內襯材2、耐火內襯材3係在將爐20 如圖1所示地建立的狀態下，由爐底4施工，依爐底4、 下部角部5、直體部6的順序施工。在施工至直體部6爲 13515061351506 (1) IX. Description of the Invention [Technical Fields of the Invention] The present invention relates to a reverse tilt lining structure of a furnace having a neck-down structure, such as a converter 'AOD furnace, a molten iron preparation furnace, a mixed iron vehicle, and the like, particularly By making the inner lining brick of the neck portion into an inclined pile to prevent the brick from being broken, a new improvement in the stable work is achieved. [Prior Art] Generally, in a furnace having a neck portion structure such as a converter, the following structure is applied: a level in which the lining brick of the neck portion is stacked in parallel with the lining brick vertically lined with the straight body sheet. The stacked lining structure or the slanted stacked lining structure in which the central axis in the thickness direction of the lining brick of the neck portion is placed on the obtuse side between the direction of the neck portion of the neck portion and the direction perpendicular to the straight portion of the sheet metal. In the horizontal stacking structure, there is a case where the base of the neck portion, that is, the lining brick near the neck portion of the straight body portion is cracked and falls off. The main reason is that in a furnace that is subjected to molten iron or molten steel, the lining brick is expanded when exposed to high temperature. A large protrusion is generated from the bottom of the furnace toward the mouth of the furnace, and the protrusion is concentrated in the lining brick of the neck portion. Because it makes its life shorter. As one of the methods to solve this problem, the inclined stack lining structure was made for the shrinkage portion. These configurations are disclosed in the following patent documents. First, Patent Documents 1 and 2' disclose an inclined stacked structure and a horizontal stacked structure. Further, Patent Document 3 discloses an inclined lining structure in which bricks are vertically stacked with respect to the neck surface of the neck portion. -4- (2) 1351506 * Further, in Patent Document 4, a lining structure having a horizontal stack is disclosed. 'And' discloses a horizontally stacked lining structure in Patent Document 5', which is characterized in that the angle formed by the axis and the surface of the lining brick becomes smaller at an angle formed by the axis of the furnace and the neck of the neck portion. The way to stack them. Further, the structure of the AOD furnace is as described in Patent Document 6, and the structure of the hybrid car is as described in Patent Document 7. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2003-231910 (Patent Document 3) Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei No. 3-67050 (Patent Document 4) Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. OBJECTS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION The furnace having a neck-down structure such as a conventional converter has the following problems because it is configured as described above. In other words, compared with the horizontal stacking, the inclined stacking can reduce the stress and highlight the effect. However, when the furnace is built, the brick may be deflected off or the brick may be detached during use. Moreover, even if the furnace is scheduled to be built as scheduled, the force that falls downward due to gravity is often applied to the inclined stacked bricks during most of the operation of the furnace, so especially at the end of the operation where the brick wear is shortened. There are bricks falling off. Moreover, according to the research of the inventors of the present invention, it can be known that the stacking is -5-(3) 1351506*, although the stress causing brick cracking can be alleviated, but the brick of the shrinking portion is compared with the horizontal stacking. There is a gap between them. [Means for Solving the Problem] The reverse inclined lining structure of the furnace having the neck-down structure of the present invention is applied to the neck portion of the furnace having the straight body portion and the neck portion. The central axis in the thickness direction of the inner lining brick is located on the iron surface (la) of the 缩 口 mouth portion, and the height direction axis and the straight body from the furnace bottom toward the furnace mouth along the iron sheet toward the height direction The iron surface (la) of the portion is perpendicular to the vertical direction between the vertical axes, and the structure of the lining brick is stacked, and the central axis of the thickness direction is reversed by 5 to 30 degrees with respect to the vertical axis. In the angle structure, there is no step in the inner surface of the furnace which is placed in the above-mentioned shrinkage portion, and the furnace is any one of a converter, an AOD furnace, a mixed iron car, and a molten iron preparation furnace. [Effect of the Invention] The reverse inclined lining structure of the furnace having the neck-down structure of the present invention is configured as described above, so that the following effects can be obtained. That is, by stacking the reverse inclined lining brick stacking structure of a furnace having a neck-reducing structure such as a converter, an AOD furnace, a molten iron preparation processing furnace, and a mixed iron structure, the inner inclined stack can be built in the furnace without internal Since the lining brick is offset and can be easily built, it is possible to greatly shorten the construction time. Moreover, stress concentration due to the expansion of the obstacle does not occur during use, and it is possible to prevent the brick from being broken, and since the gap between the bricks in the neck portion is not generated, it is possible to stabilize -6 - (4) (4)! 3515〇6 work, and it does not require the repair work for the brick damage or falling off, and the repair material accompanying the repair work, and the effect of greatly improving the furnace life can be obtained. [Embodiment] The object of the present invention is to provide that by arranging the lining brick stacking structure of the furnace into a reverse slanting stack, the obstacles in the furnace are not offset or fall off, and the lining material of the furnace is easily constructed. And when used, there is no stress concentration caused by the expansion of the brick, and it is possible to prevent the brick from being broken: and in the case of a furnace having a shrinkage structure in which no gap is formed between the gaps of the neck portion during use Reverse tilt lining construction. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a reverse inclined lining structure for a furnace having a neck-down structure according to the present invention will be described based on the drawings. Typically, the stacking of the furnace 20 is carried out upwardly from the bottom 20a of the furnace 20. As an example, it will be described using FIG. Fig. 1 is constructed with a permanent lining 2 and a wear lining 3 on the inner side of the iron sheet 1. The permanent lining material 2 may also be a shaped refractory material, or may be a castable refractory material, a die-cast material, or an enamel filler material of an amorphous refractory material. On the other hand, the refractory lining material 3 has a predetermined shape. These permanent lining materials 2 and refractory lining materials 3 are constructed by the furnace bottom 4 in a state where the furnace 20 is established as shown in Fig. 1, according to the furnace bottom 4, the lower corner portion 5, and the straight body portion 6. Sequence construction. In the construction to the straight body part 6 is 1351506
ml滅 【一巡 (Ν 熔鐵預備 處理爐 m CN m 薜 〇 Ο ο — AOD爐 m κη 圈 薜 葚 〇〇 〇〇 ο ο ο 混鐡車 40度 ΚΠ (N ο ο ο 轉爐 ίο度 (N 揉 摧 m 00 ο ο ΘΟ 熔鐵預備 處理爐 丨50度 圈 v〇 m m 壊 υη ο § 卜 A0D爐 丨45度 m 製 挪I Ο ο 混鐵車 30度 fgl 圉 m 擗 涯 Ρ ο ο iTi 轉爐 25度 fgi fwl m m ο ο 熔鐵預備 處理爐 20度 (Ν m 寸 鹿 (Ν οο ο ο A0D爐 15度 fgT <N 圈 壊 壊 ο ο <Ν 混鐵車 10度 fwT 圉 CN m 辟' οο 卜 ο ο — 轉爐 m κτ) 製 CN 墀 璀 ο ΟΝ ο ο 6 2： 爐的種類 逆傾斜角度 由直體部朝縮口部 支承磚數 由縮口部朝爐口部 支承磚數 耐火爐內面有無階差 耐火背面有無階差 縮口部的施工時間比例 縮口部磚破裂損傷程度 縮口部磚脫落程度 熔鐵預備 處理爐 I 15度 m (N 薜 薜 〇 00 Ο ο Oi AOD爐 I 30度 濯 孽 (N 层 卜 Ο ο CN (N 混鐵車 i 20度 <N 画 (N m ο ο 轉爐 35度 m 圉 m ο 沄 S 熔鐵預備 處理爐 丨30度 圉 圈 m 展 s ο ο On A0D爐 丨25度 圉 璀 (N ο ο 00 混鐵車 丨15度j <N 画 m 璀 %n 卜 ο ο 卜 轉爐 |30度 m <N 壊 ο ο VO 熔鐵預備 處理爐 丨10度 fgT (N 擊 壊 m 00 ο ο Vi A0D爐 i 20度 m CM 涯 壊 <N 卜 ο ο 混鐵車 ΓΝΐ 圉 摧 鹿 κη Os § ο ΓΛ 轉爐 15度 fml (N m 摧 m On ο ο 6 Z 爐的種類 逆ί頃斜角度 由直體部朝縮口部 支承磚數 由縮口部朝爐口部 支承磚數 耐火爐內面有無階差 耐火背面有無階差 縮口部的施工時間比例 縮口部磚破裂損傷程度 縮口部碑脫落程度 -10- (8) 1351506 • 第1表中的縮口部之施工時間比例係以與本發明的相 ' 同爐做爲比較例，以包含實施傾斜堆疊施工時的縮口部之 準備的施工時間，除以包含本發明的相同部位之準備的施 工時間時的比例。當比例爲1 0 0時，顯示與比較例相等， 而數値愈小則施工時間欲短，顯示係爲良好。 第1表中之縮口部磚破裂損傷程度係以與本發明的相 同爐做爲比較例，以因實施傾斜堆疊施工時的縮口部磚之 φ 破裂損傷所引起之損傷速度（mm/ch )除以本發明的縮口 部磚之破裂損傷速度時的程度。當程度顯示100時，顯示 與比較例相等，而.數値愈小則破裂損傷速度愈小，顯示係 爲良好。 因此，由第1表可得知，本發明之實施例均較比較例 優良。 [產業上的利用可能性] # 本發明的具有縮口構造之爐的逆傾斜內襯構造係可適 用於使用內襯磚之其他所有的爐。 再者，圖10係顯示將本發明適用於混鐵車30的內襯 之構造的斷面圖，與圖1相同的部分賦予相同符號，省略 其說明。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係顯示本發明的具有縮口構造之爐的逆傾斜內襯 構造之局部斷面圖。 -11 - (9) 1351506 • 圖2係圖1的局部擴大斷面圖。 • 圖3係顯示圖2的其他形態之斷面圖。 圖4係顯示圖2的其他形態之斷面圖。 • 圖5係顯示圖2的其他形態之斷面圖。 ' 圖6係顯示圖1的支承磚之擴大斷面圖。 圖7係顯示圖6的其他形態之斷面圖。 圖8係顯示圖1的局部逆傾斜堆疊之逆傾斜角度的決 φ 定方式之全體構成圖。 圖9係圖8的局部擴大圖。 圖10.係顯示適用圖1的構造之混鐵車的構造之斷面 圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :鐵皮 2 :永久內襯材 • 3 :耐火內襯材 4 :爐底 5 :下部角部 6 :直體部 7 :縮口部 8 :爐口 9 :下部支承磚 1 〇 :上部支承磚 1 1 :垂直方向軸 -12- (10)1351506 12 ： 13: 14 ： 15: 16 ： 20 ： 30 ： 高度方向軸 銳角側 厚度方向中心軸 鈍角側 逆傾斜角度 爐 混鐵車Ml off [one patrol (Ν 熔 molten iron preparation furnace m CN m 薜〇Ο ο — AOD furnace m κη 薜葚〇〇〇〇 ο ο ο 鐡 40 40 ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ ΚΠ Mm 00 ο ο ΘΟ molten iron preparation furnace 50 degrees circle v〇mm 壊υ ο § 卜 A0D furnace 45 degrees m system I Ο ο mixed iron car 30 degrees fgl 圉m 擗 Ρ ο ο iTi converter 25 Degree fgi fwl mm ο ο molten iron preparation furnace 20 degrees (Ν m inch deer (Ν οο ο ο A0D furnace 15 degrees fgT < N circle 壊壊ο ο < Ν mixed iron car 10 degrees fwT 圉CN m 辟 ' Οο οο ο — converter m κτ) CNCN 墀璀ο ΟΝ ο ο 6 2: The type of furnace reverse tilt angle is supported by the straight body to the neck of the neck, and the number of bricks is supported by the neck to the mouth of the furnace. Whether there is a step on the inner surface of the refractory back surface with or without the step of the shrinkage of the construction time ratio shrinkage part brick rupture damage degree shrinkage part brick fall off degree molten iron preparation furnace I 15 degrees m (N 薜薜〇00 Ο ο Oi AOD furnace I 30 degree 濯孽 (N layer Ο ο CN (N mixed iron car i 20 degrees <N painting (N m ο ο converter 35 degrees m 圉m ο 沄S molten iron preparation furnace 30 degrees 圉 m exhibition s ο ο On A0D furnace 圉璀 25 degrees 圉璀 (N ο ο 00 mixed Iron car 丨 15 degrees j < N painting m 璀%n ο ο ο 卜 converter | 30 degrees m < N 壊 ο ο VO molten iron preparation furnace 10 degrees fgT (N 壊 m 00 ο ο Vi A0D furnace i 20 degrees m CM 壊 壊 N N 混 混 混 混 鹿 鹿 κ κ κ κ κ κ κ 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 The number of bricks supported by the shrinking portion is supported by the shrinking portion toward the mouth of the furnace. The number of bricks in the refractory furnace is the same as the step of the refractory back. The construction time is proportional to the shrinkage portion. The shrinkage of the brick is broken. Degree-10- (8) 1351506 • The construction time ratio of the neck portion in the first table is compared with the phase of the present invention as a comparative example to include the preparation of the neck portion when performing the inclined stack construction. The construction time is divided by the ratio at the time of construction including the preparation of the same portion of the present invention. When the ratio is 1 0 0, the display is equal to the comparative example, and the smaller the number is, the shorter the construction time is, and the display is good. The degree of rupture damage of the shrinkage brick in the first table is the same as that of the same furnace of the present invention, and the damage speed (mm/ch) caused by the rupture damage of the shrinkage brick during the inclined stacking construction is performed. The extent to which the rupture damage speed of the neck of the neck of the present invention is divided. When the degree is displayed at 100, the display is equal to the comparative example, and the smaller the number is, the smaller the rupture damage rate is, and the display is good. Therefore, as can be seen from the first table, the examples of the present invention are superior to the comparative examples. [Industrial Applicability] # The reverse inclined lining structure of the furnace having the neck-down structure of the present invention can be applied to all other furnaces using the lining brick. In addition, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure in which the present invention is applied to the lining of the iron-mixed vehicle 30, and the same portions as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of a reverse inclined lining of a furnace having a neck-down configuration of the present invention. -11 - (9) 1351506 • Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of Fig. 1. • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of Fig. 2; • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of Fig. 2. Figure 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the support brick of Figure 1. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a view showing the overall configuration of a method of determining the inverse tilt angle of the partial reverse tilt stack of Fig. 1. Figure 9 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 8. Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the construction of a mixed iron vehicle to which the configuration of Figure 1 is applied. [Main component symbol description] 1 : Iron sheet 2 : Permanent lining material • 3 : Refractory lining material 4 : Bottom 5 : Lower corner portion 6 : Straight body portion 7 : Shrinking portion 8 : Furnace port 9 : Lower support brick 1 〇: upper support brick 1 1 : vertical direction axis -12- (10) 1351506 12 : 13: 14 : 15: 16 : 20 : 30 : height direction axis acute angle side thickness direction central axis obtuse angle side reverse inclination angle furnace mixed iron car
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