1330565 099年05月24日修正替换頁 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 [0001] 本發明涉及一種機床，尤其涉及一種小型化機床。 【先前技術】 [0002] 機床被廣泛應用於機械加工領域，並且隨著科學技術之 發展，機床也朝著自動化、高精度之方向不斷發展。1330565 Revision of the replacement page on May 24, 099. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] [0001] The present invention relates to a machine tool, and more particularly to a miniaturized machine tool. [Prior Art] [0002] Machine tools are widely used in the field of machining, and with the development of science and technology, machine tools are also developing in the direction of automation and high precision.
[0003] 請參見圖1，一種用於切削加工之習知機床10，其包括一 C形床身11，碎C形床身11由基座111及設置於該基座111 一側之支撐臂11 2組成。該支撐臂11 2之頂端活動連接有 一切削機構1 3，該切削機構13可沿平行於Z軸之方向運行 。該切削機構13包括一滑台131，該滑台131端部裝設有 一主軸132。刀具134安裝於主轴132底端，且可隨主轴 132旋轉。基座111相對滑台131之部位設有導軌15，滑 鞍16設於該導軌15上，.並可沿平行於X軸之方向運動。工 作台17設於該滑鞍16上，並可相對該滑鞍16運動。該工 作台17由鑄鐵製成。 [0004] 由於工作台17是由鑄鐵製成，而鑄鐵具有較高之密度（ 通常為6.6xl03千克/立方米至7.4xl03千克/立方米）， 故該工作台17通常具有較大之質量。而工作台之質量過 大會導致其運動之靈敏度降低，從而降低機床10之加工 精度。另，當質量較大之工作台17持續運動時，為使基 座111保持基本穩定，該基座111通常也設計成具有較大 之體積與質量，導致搬動困難，且耗材較多。 【發明内容】 [0005] 鑒於上述内容，有必要提供具有較高加工精度之小型化 096125572 表單編號 A0101 第 3 頁/共 21 頁 0993180250-0 1330565 099年05月24日按正替换頁 機床。 [0006] —種機床，其包括一個床身及設置於該床身上且可相對 床身運動之切削機構，該切削機構包括一滑台，該滑台 包括一主體部及一設置於該主體部一端之軸鞍，該軸鞍 由密度1. 7xl03千克/立方米至3. 3xl03千克/立方米之間 之金屬合金製成。[0003] Referring to FIG. 1, a conventional machine tool 10 for cutting includes a C-shaped bed 11 having a base 111 and a support arm disposed on one side of the base 111. 11 2 composition. A cutting mechanism 13 is movably coupled to the top end of the support arm 112, and the cutting mechanism 13 is movable in a direction parallel to the Z-axis. The cutting mechanism 13 includes a slide table 131 at the end of which a spindle 132 is mounted. The cutter 134 is mounted to the bottom end of the spindle 132 and is rotatable with the spindle 132. The base 111 is provided with a guide rail 15 at a position opposite to the slide table 131. The saddle 16 is disposed on the guide rail 15, and is movable in a direction parallel to the X-axis. A table 17 is provided on the saddle 16 and is movable relative to the saddle 16. The table 17 is made of cast iron. Since the table 17 is made of cast iron and the cast iron has a higher density (typically 6.6 x 10 kg/m 3 to 7.4 x 10 kg/m 3 ), the table 17 usually has a large mass. The quality of the workbench leads to a decrease in the sensitivity of the motion, which reduces the machining accuracy of the machine tool 10. In addition, when the mass stage 17 is continuously moved, in order to keep the base 111 substantially stable, the base 111 is also generally designed to have a large volume and mass, resulting in difficulty in handling and more consumables. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0005] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide miniaturization with higher processing precision 096125572 Form No. A0101 Page 3 of 21 0993180250-0 1330565 On May 24, 099, press the replacement page machine. [0006] A machine tool comprising a bed and a cutting mechanism disposed on the bed and movable relative to the bed, the cutting mechanism comprising a sliding table, the sliding table comprising a main body portion and a main body portion A shaft saddle at one end, the shaft saddle is made of a metal alloy having a density of between 1. 7 x 10 3 kg / m 3 to 3. 3 x l 3 kg / m 3 .
[0007] 相對於習知技術，所述機床之軸鞍由密度在1. 7x1 03千克 /立方米至3.3xl03千克/立方米之間之金屬合金製成，其 密度要小於鑄鐵之密度，故該可動部件相較於習知鑄鐵 製成之等體積之可動部件，其質量較小。該軸鞍相對床 身運動時，對床身造成之衝擊力較小，因此本發明之機 床相對習知機床減小床身之體積與質量後，仍可使床身 在加工過程中保持穩定而不振動，從而實現機床之小型 化。另，由於軸鞍之質量較小，故可增大軸鞍運動之靈 敏度，從而提高加工精度。 【實施方式】 [0008] 下面將結合附圖及實施例對本發明之機床做進一步詳細 說明。 [0009] 請參閱圖2，本發明較佳實施例之機床20為一種銳床，其 包括一主機30、一電櫃40、一吸塵裝置50、一空氣壓縮 機60及一冰櫃70。 [0010] 請同時參閱圖3及圖4，該主機30包括一床身31、一滑鞍 32、一工作台33、一切削機構34、一罩體35及一控制器 36 〇 096125572 表單編號 A0101 第 4 頁/共 21 頁 0993180250-0 1330565 • [0011] [0013][0007] Compared with the prior art, the shaft saddle of the machine tool is made of a metal alloy having a density between 1. 7x1 03 kg/m3 and 3.3 x 103 kg/m3, and the density is less than the density of the cast iron. The movable member has a smaller mass than an equal-volume movable member made of a conventional cast iron. When the shaft saddle moves relative to the bed body, the impact force on the bed body is small, so the machine tool of the invention can keep the bed body stable during the processing process, compared with the conventional machine tool to reduce the volume and quality of the bed body. It does not vibrate, thus miniaturizing the machine tool. In addition, since the mass of the shaft saddle is small, the sensitivity of the saddle motion can be increased, thereby improving the machining accuracy. [Embodiment] The machine tool of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Referring to FIG. 2, a machine tool 20 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a sharp bed comprising a main unit 30, an electric cabinet 40, a dust suction device 50, an air compressor 60, and a freezer 70. Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 simultaneously, the main body 30 includes a bed 31, a sliding saddle 32, a table 33, a cutting mechanism 34, a cover 35 and a controller 36 〇 096125572 Form No. A0101 Page 4 of 21 0993180250-0 1330565 • [0011] [0013]
[0014] 096125572 099年05月24日梭正替換頁 該床身31包括一基座311、二立柱312、一第一導轨313 及一第二導執314。該基座311呈方形體狀，且其一側垂 直該基座311延伸有二相互平行之立柱312。第一導軌 313之兩端分別連接於該二立柱312上，且該第一導轨 313與二立柱312相垂直，以使該第一導軌313之延伸方 向平行於X轴方向。該基座311頂面中部還設置有一沿平 行於Y軸方向延伸之第二導執314。 [0012] 該滑鞍32設置於第一導轨313上，且可在線性馬達之驅動 下沿平行於X軸方向運動，其表面設置有沿平行於Z軸方 向延伸之第三導轨315。 該工作台33由鋁合金製成，該鋁合金之密度在2. 7x103千 克/立方米至3. 3xl03千克/立方米之間。工作台33包括 一圓柱形之底座331及設置於該底座331上之二長方體形 之卡合塊332，該二卡合塊332可在氣壓驅動下閉合以夾 緊工件。該工作台33設置於第二導軌314上，並可在線性 馬達之驅動下沿平行於Y軸方向運動。 由於機床20之工作台33係由密度在2. 7x1 03千克/立方米 至3. 3xl03千克/立方米之間之鋁合金製成，其密度要小 於鑄鐵之密度，故該工作台33相較於習知鑄鐵製成之等 體積之工作台，其質量較小。該工作台33相對床身31運 動時，對床身31造成之衝擊力較小，因此本發明之機床 20相對習知機床減小床身31之體積與質量後，仍可使床 身31在加工過程中保持穩定而不振動，從而實現機床20 之小型化，而小型化之機床尤其適用於精密加工中。另 ，由於工作台33之質量較小，可增大工作台33運動之靈 表單編號A0101 第5頁/共21頁 0993180250-0 1330565 _ 099年05月24日接正替换頁 敏度，從而提高加工精度。 [0015] 請同時參閱圖4及圖5，該切削機構34包括一滑台340、一 第一轉軸344、一第二轉轴345、一第一刀架346、一第 二刀架347、一粗加工刀具348&及一精加工刀具348b。 [0016] 滑台340設置於第三導轨315上，且可在線性馬達之驅動 下沿第三導軌315運動。該滑台340包括主體部342及設 置於該主體部342底端之軸鞍343。該軸鞍343包括一連 接塊3431及設置於該連接塊3431上之第—主軸3432及第 二主軸3433，該第二主軸3433上連接有一根通氣管349 4 。第一轉軸344裝設於第一主軸3432之底端，其在電機之 驅動下進行旋轉；第一轉轴345裝設於第二主軸3433之底 端，其藉由氣壓驅動進行旋轉。 [0017] 由於第一轉轴344及第二轉軸345均設置於軸鞍343上， 故第一轉軸344及第二轉軸345旋轉產生之熱量易集中於 軸鞍343上，而較高之溫度又會使第一轉軸344及第二轉 軸345發生形變或使第二主軸3433内之氣壓發生變化’從 μ 而導致機床20之加工精度降低°因此’本發明機床20之 軸鞍343係由導熱性較好之密度在2. 7x1 03千克/立方米 至3.3χ103千克/立方米之間之鋁合金製成，以利於第一 轉軸344及第二轉轴345產生之熱量快速散出。同時’採 用鋁合金製成轴鞍343也可提高滑台340運動之靈敏度， 及使機床20進一步小型化。 [0018] 該第一轉軸344之底端安裝有第一刀架346及由該第一刀 架346夾持之進行粗加工之刀具348a，該粗加工刀具 096125572 表單编號A0101 第6頁/共21頁 0993180250-0 1330565 梭正熟頁] 099年05月24日 348a之直徑在1毫米至6毫米之間。該第二轉軸345底端 安裝有第二刀架347及由該第二刀架347失持之進行精加 工之刀具348b，該精加工刀具348|3之直徑在〇 〇5毫米至 1毫米之間。 [0019] 該第一轉轴344之轉速在3000轉/分鐘至5〇〇〇〇轉/分鐘之 間。第一轉軸345之轉速在50000轉/分鐘至16〇〇〇〇轉/ 分鐘之間，較佳範圍為1 2000轉/分鐘至16〇〇〇〇轉/分鐘 。該第一轉軸344及第二轉軸345轉速之優選方式為第— 轉轴344以50000轉/分鐘之轉速旋轉，第二轉軸345以 160 0 00轉/分鐘之轉速旋轉。 [0020] 由於精加工工序相較粗加工工序，需要使用之切削力相 對較小，故對刀具之強度要求相對較低，因此精加工工 序通常採用直徑較小之刀具，但為保證刀具對工件之加 工效率，隨著刀具直徑之減小，精加工工序通常還要求 刀具具備較尚之轉速。所以轉迷較低之第一轉轴344端部 裝配之係直徑較大之粗加工刀具348a以進行粗加工，轉 速較高之第二轉轴345端部裝配之係直徑較小之精加工刀 具348b以進行精加工。另，將粗加工刀具348a裝配於第 一轉轴344之底端後，該粗加工刀具348a端部至連接塊 3431之距離L1要大於精加工刀具348b裝配於第二轉轴 345之底端後，該精加工刀具348b之端部至連接塊3431 之距離L2。故本發明機床20之切削機構34可先採用粗加 工刀具348a對工件進行粗加工，然後將粗加工刀具34ga 從第一轉軸344底端卸下後，再使用精加工刀具348b對工 件進行精加工。 096125572 表單編號A0101 第7頁/共21頁 0993180250-0 1330565 099年05月24日梭正替換頁 [0021] 請再參閱圖3，罩體35包括由基座311之四側邊垂直該基 座311延伸形成之四側壁351，一與該四側壁351頂端分 別相連之頂蓋352。該側壁351及頂蓋352共同形成一腔 體，將切削機構34、工作台33及床身31除基座311外之 部分容置於其内。該罩體35遠離立柱312之側壁351上還 設置有一活動門353，該活動門353上設置有多個用於觀 察罩體35内情況之玻璃窗354。 [0022] 控制器36設置於該罩體35之一側，其用於控制滑鞍32、 工作台33及切削機構34之運動，以完成對工件之精密加 工。該控制器36包括一顯示面板361，用於顯示位移及轉 速等參數值。 [0023] 請再參閱圖2，該電櫃40、吸塵裝置50、空氣壓縮機60及 冰櫃70均與主機30間隔一定距離設置。該電櫃40藉由電 纜401與主機30相連，以輸出特定頻率之電流驅動主機30 上之線性馬達。該吸塵裝置50延伸出一導管5 01，該導管 5〇1連接至主機30之罩體35上，該吸塵裝置50可將罩體 35内之屑末及油霧從罩體35内導出。空氣壓縮機60藉由 一輸氣管601與主機30相連，其可向工作台33、第二轉軸 345等提供壓縮空氣。該冰櫃70延伸出一冷卻管701，該 冷卻管701繞設於主機30内部，藉由向該冷卻管701内輸 入冷卻液體，可對主機30上之發熱件，如線性馬達及軸 鞍343進行冷卻。 [0024] 由於電櫃40内通常設置有繼電器等電子元件，發熱量較 大，故將電櫃40設置於主機30上易導致主機30内之溫度 過高，從而導致加工精度降低。故本發明將電櫃40與主 096125572 表單编號A0101 第8頁/共21頁 0993180250-0 1330565 I 099^05^ 24g 機30分離設置，可消除電櫃發出之熱量對主機30影響 ，從而提高加工精度。另，吸塵裝置50在吸氣以帶出屑 末及油霧，空氣壓縮機60在壓縮空氣，以及冰櫃70在製 冷時，其振動通常較大，故將吸塵裝置50、空氣壓縮機 60及冰櫃70與主機30—體設置易引起主機30之振動，從 而導致加工精度之降低。因此，本發明將吸塵裝置50、 空氣壓縮機60及冰櫃70與床身31分離設置’可消除吸塵 裝置50、空氣壓縮機60及冰櫃70之振動對床身31之影響 ，從而提高加工精度。可以理解，該種分離式設計也可 避免吸塵裝置50、空氣壓縮機60及冰櫃70在工作過程中 產生之熱量對主機加工之影響。此外，由於該冰櫃70輸 出之冷卻液體可對轴鞍343進行冷卻，故鋁合金製成之軸 鞍343上之熱量可被快速帶走，以使第一轉軸344及第二 轉軸345始終在常規溫度下旋轉，可使切削機構34之切削 精度得到進一步提高。另，將電櫃40、吸塵裝置50、空 氣壓縮機60及冰櫃70與床身31分離設置，也有利於機床 20整體之搬運。 # [0025] 工作時，將工件放置於主機30内工作台33上，並藉由氣 壓驅動兩卡合塊332將工件夾緊。然後控制器36控制滑鞍 32、工作台33、滑台340分別沿第一導轨313、第二導軌 314及第三導軌315，即沿平行於X、Y、Z轴之方向運行 ，直至滑鞍32、工作台33及裝配於滑台340底端之第一轉 軸344運行至機床20之零點，接著啟動控制器36内預先編 制之粗加工程式，滑鞍32、工作台33、滑台340及第一轉 軸344按各自接受之指令運行，藉由滑鞍32、工作台33、 096125572 表單編號A0101 第9頁/共21頁 0993180250-0 I 099年05月24日修正替換頁 滑台340之三軸聯動及第—轉軸344之旋轉帶動刀具348& 對丫 件進行粗加工。粗加工完成後，將第一刀架346及由 “第〜刀架346夾持之粗加工刀具348a從第一轉轴344卸 然後控制器3 6控制工作台3 3移動一預設距離（即第 轉料344與第二轉轴345之中心間距）。接著啟動控制 益36内預先編制之精加工程式，滑鞍32、工作台33、滑 台3切及第二轉軸345分別按各自接受之指令運行，藉由 鞍32、工作台33、滑台340之三軸聯動及第二轉轴345 之旋轉帶動刀具348b對工件進行精加工。 [0026] 由於機床20設置有二轉速不同之轉轴344、345，且具較 _ 低轉速之第一轉軸344上裝配粗加工刀具348a後可對工件 進行粗加工，具較高轉速之第二轉軸345上裝配精加工刀 具348b後可對工件進行精加工，從而實現了在同一機床 上對工件進行粗加工及精加工，故將工件一次裝卡及定 位於工作台33上即可，故本發明之機床20具有工作效率. 高、加工精度高之優點《另，在上述加工過程中雖需拆 卸粗加工刀具348a，但粗加工刀具348a之拆卸可採用自 g 動換刀裝置進行，無須人工作業，故耗時較短，不會影 響機床20之工作效率，而且，本發明之刀架或主軸可設 計為具伸縮功能之可動結構，以使粗加工刀具348a或精 加工刀具348b均可處於距連接塊3431較遠之第一位置（ 加工位置）及距連接塊3431較近之第二位置（待機位置 )，該種設計相對採用拆卸粗加工刀具348a之設計可使 機床具有更高之工作效率。 [0027] 可以理解，本發明機床20之主機30内除工作台33及轴鞍 096125572 表單煸號A0101 第10頁/共21頁 0993180250-0 1330565 099年05月24日修正替換頁 343外之其他可動部件，如滑鞍32，也可由密度在2. 7χ 1〇千克/立方米至3. 3xl〇3千克/立方米之間之鋁合金製 成，其可進一步使該機床2〇小型化，以及使機床2〇之加 工精度進一步提高。另，這些可動部件也可由其他輕金 屬合金製成，如鎂合金，但需保證該金屬合金之密度在 1.7x10千克/立方米至3.3χΐ〇3千克/立方米之間。 [0028] 可以理解’本發明於同-機床之滑台上設置二轉速不同 之轉轴之設計也可應用於其他類型之機床，如磨床等， • [0029] 該種機床同樣具有工作效率高、加工精度高之優點。 综切述’本發明符合發明專利要件，爰依法提出專利 申-月⑵上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，舉凡 熟悉本案技藝之人士 ’在爰依本發明精神所作之等效修 飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 [0030] 圖1係一種習知機床之側視圖。 [0031] • [0032] 圖2係本發明較佳實施例機床之立體示意圖。 圖3係本發明較佳實施例機床之主機立體示意圖。 [0033] 圖4係圖3所示機床之线除去罩體後之立體示意圖。 [0034] 圖5係圖4所示主機之切削機構除去主體部後之立鱧示意 圖0 [0035] 【主要元件符號說明】 機床：20 [0036] 主體：30 096125572 表單编號A0101 第11頁/共21頁 0993180250-0 1330565 [0037] 床身：31 [0038] 基座：311 [0039] 立柱：312 [0040] 第一導軌： 313 [0041] 第二導軌： 314 [0042] 第三導軌： 315 [0043] 滑鞍：32 [0044] 工作台：33 [0045] 底座：331 [0046] 卡合塊：3 3 2 [0047] 切削機構： 34 [0048] 滑台：340 [0049] 主體部：342 [0050] 軸鞍：343 [0051] 連接塊：3431 [0052] 第一主軸： 3432 [0053] 第二主軸： 3433 [0054] 第一轉轴： 344 [0055] 第二轉軸： 345 096125572 表單編號A0101 第12頁/共21頁 099年05月24日修正替换頁[0014] 096125572 May 24, 2005, the shuttle replacement page The bed 31 includes a base 311, two columns 312, a first guide rail 313 and a second guide 314. The base 311 has a square shape, and one side of the base 311 is perpendicular to the column 312 which is parallel to each other. The two ends of the first rail 313 are respectively connected to the two pillars 312, and the first rails 313 are perpendicular to the two pillars 312 such that the extending direction of the first rails 313 is parallel to the X-axis direction. The second portion of the top surface of the base 311 is further provided with a second guide 314 extending in the Y-axis direction. [0012] The saddle 32 is disposed on the first guide rail 313 and is movable in a direction parallel to the X-axis under the driving of the linear motor, and the surface thereof is provided with a third guide rail 315 extending in a direction parallel to the Z-axis. The surface of the aluminum alloy is between 2. 7 x 103 kg / m 3 to 3. 3 x l l 3 kg / m 3 . The table 33 includes a cylindrical base 331 and two rectangular parallelepiped engaging blocks 332 disposed on the base 331. The two engaging blocks 332 can be closed under air pressure to clamp the workpiece. The table 33 is disposed on the second rail 314 and is movable in a direction parallel to the Y-axis by the linear motor. Since the table 33 of the machine tool 20 is made of an aluminum alloy having a density between 2. 7 x 1 03 kg/m 3 and 3.3 x 13 kg/m 3 , the density of the table 33 is smaller than that of the cast iron, so the table 33 is compared. The equal-volume workbench made of conventional cast iron has a small mass. When the table 33 moves relative to the bed 31, the impact force on the bed 31 is small. Therefore, the machine tool 20 of the present invention can still make the bed 31 after the machine tool reduces the volume and quality of the bed 31. The machine tool 20 is miniaturized while it is stable and does not vibrate during machining, and the miniaturized machine is especially suitable for precision machining. In addition, since the mass of the table 33 is small, the movement of the table 33 can be increased. Form number A0101 Page 5 of 21 pages 0993180250-0 1330565 _ On May 24, 099, the page sensitivity is replaced, thereby improving Precision. [0015] Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 simultaneously. The cutting mechanism 34 includes a sliding table 340, a first rotating shaft 344, a second rotating shaft 345, a first tool holder 346, a second tool holder 347, and a first tool holder 346. Roughing tool 348 & and a finishing tool 348b. [0016] The slide table 340 is disposed on the third rail 315 and is movable along the third rail 315 by the linear motor. The slide table 340 includes a main body portion 342 and a shaft saddle 343 disposed at a bottom end of the main body portion 342. The shaft saddle 343 includes a connecting block 3431 and a first main shaft 3432 and a second main shaft 3433 disposed on the connecting block 3431. A vent pipe 349 4 is connected to the second main shaft 3433. The first rotating shaft 344 is mounted on the bottom end of the first main shaft 3432 and is rotated by the motor. The first rotating shaft 345 is mounted on the bottom end of the second main shaft 3343, and is rotated by pneumatic driving. [0017] Since the first rotating shaft 344 and the second rotating shaft 345 are both disposed on the shaft saddle 343, the heat generated by the rotation of the first rotating shaft 344 and the second rotating shaft 345 is easily concentrated on the shaft saddle 343, and the higher temperature is The first rotating shaft 344 and the second rotating shaft 345 are deformed or the air pressure in the second main shaft 3433 is changed. The machining accuracy of the machine tool 20 is lowered from μ. Therefore, the shaft saddle 343 of the machine tool 20 of the present invention is thermally conductive. Preferably, the density is made of an aluminum alloy between 2. 7 x 1 03 kg/m 3 and 3.3 χ 103 kg/m 3 to facilitate rapid dissipation of heat generated by the first rotating shaft 344 and the second rotating shaft 345. At the same time, the use of the saddle 343 made of aluminum alloy can also improve the sensitivity of the movement of the slide table 340 and further miniaturize the machine tool 20. [0018] The bottom end of the first rotating shaft 344 is mounted with a first tool holder 346 and a roughing tool 348a held by the first tool holder 346. The roughing tool 096125572 Form No. A0101 Page 6 / Total Page 21 0993180250-0 1330565 Shuttle Page] The diameter of 348a on May 24, 099 is between 1 mm and 6 mm. The bottom end of the second rotating shaft 345 is mounted with a second tool holder 347 and a tool 348b for finishing by the second tool holder 347. The diameter of the finishing tool 348|3 is 〇〇5 mm to 1 mm. between. [0019] The rotation speed of the first rotating shaft 344 is between 3000 rpm and 5 rpm. The rotational speed of the first shaft 345 is between 50,000 rpm and 16 rpm, preferably in the range of 12,000 rpm to 16 rpm. The rotation speed of the first rotating shaft 344 and the second rotating shaft 345 is preferably such that the first rotating shaft 344 rotates at a rotational speed of 50,000 rpm, and the second rotating shaft 345 rotates at a rotational speed of 160 00 rpm. [0020] Since the finishing process requires a relatively small cutting force compared to the roughing process, the strength requirement of the tool is relatively low, so the finishing process usually uses a tool having a smaller diameter, but to ensure the tool to the workpiece. The machining efficiency, as the tool diameter is reduced, the finishing process usually requires the tool to have a higher speed. Therefore, the roughing tool 348a having a larger diameter which is assembled at the end of the lower first rotating shaft 344 is used for rough machining, and the finishing tool having a smaller diameter is assembled at the end of the second rotating shaft 345 having a higher rotating speed. 348b for finishing. In addition, after the roughing tool 348a is assembled to the bottom end of the first rotating shaft 344, the distance L1 from the end of the roughing tool 348a to the connecting block 3431 is greater than the finishing end of the finishing tool 348b at the bottom end of the second rotating shaft 345. The distance from the end of the finishing tool 348b to the connecting block 3431 is L2. Therefore, the cutting mechanism 34 of the machine tool 20 of the present invention can first rough-process the workpiece by using the roughing tool 348a, and then remove the roughing tool 34ga from the bottom end of the first rotating shaft 344, and then finish the workpiece using the finishing tool 348b. . 096125572 Form No. A0101 Page 7 / Total 21 Page 0993180250-0 1330565 May 24th, 2008, Shuttle Replacement Page [0021] Referring again to Figure 3, the cover 35 includes the base 311 from the four sides perpendicular to the base The 311 extends to form four side walls 351, and a top cover 352 connected to the top ends of the four side walls 351, respectively. The side wall 351 and the top cover 352 together form a cavity in which the cutting mechanism 34, the table 33 and the bed 31 are accommodated except for the base 311. A movable door 353 is further disposed on the side wall 351 of the cover body 35 away from the column 312. The movable door 353 is provided with a plurality of glass windows 354 for observing the inside of the cover body 35. [0022] The controller 36 is disposed on one side of the cover 35 for controlling the movement of the saddle 32, the table 33 and the cutting mechanism 34 to complete the precision machining of the workpiece. The controller 36 includes a display panel 361 for displaying parameter values such as displacement and speed. [0023] Referring again to FIG. 2, the electric cabinet 40, the dust suction device 50, the air compressor 60, and the freezer 70 are all disposed at a distance from the main body 30. The panel 40 is connected to the main unit 30 via a cable 401 to output a current of a specific frequency to drive the linear motor on the main unit 30. The dust suction device 50 extends out of a duct 510 which is connected to the cover 35 of the main body 30. The dust collecting device 50 can guide the debris and the oil mist in the cover 35 from the inside of the cover 35. The air compressor 60 is connected to the main unit 30 by a gas pipe 601 which supplies compressed air to the table 33, the second rotating shaft 345, and the like. The freezer 70 extends out of a cooling pipe 701. The cooling pipe 701 is disposed inside the main body 30. By inputting cooling liquid into the cooling pipe 701, heat generating components on the main body 30, such as a linear motor and a shaft saddle 343, can be performed. cool down. [0024] Since the electronic components such as relays are usually provided in the electric cabinet 40, the heat generation amount is large. Therefore, the installation of the electric cabinet 40 on the main unit 30 tends to cause the temperature in the main unit 30 to be too high, resulting in a decrease in machining accuracy. Therefore, the present invention separates the electric cabinet 40 from the main 096125572 form number A0101, page 8 / 21 pages 0993180250-0 1330565 I 099^05^ 24g machine 30, which can eliminate the heat generated by the electric cabinet and affect the host 30, thereby improving Precision. In addition, the dust suction device 50 is inhaled to bring out dust and oil mist, the air compressor 60 is in compressed air, and the freezer 70 is usually cooled when it is cooled, so the dust suction device 50, the air compressor 60 and the freezer are The 70-body setting with the host 30 easily causes vibration of the host 30, resulting in a reduction in processing accuracy. Therefore, the present invention separates the dust collecting device 50, the air compressor 60, and the freezer 70 from the bed 31 to eliminate the influence of the vibration of the dust collecting device 50, the air compressor 60, and the freezer 70 on the bed 31, thereby improving the machining accuracy. It can be understood that the separate design can also avoid the influence of the heat generated by the dust suction device 50, the air compressor 60 and the freezer 70 during operation on the processing of the main machine. In addition, since the cooling liquid outputted by the freezer 70 can cool the saddle 343, the heat on the saddle 343 made of aluminum alloy can be quickly taken away, so that the first rotating shaft 344 and the second rotating shaft 345 are always in the conventional Rotation at temperature allows the cutting accuracy of the cutting mechanism 34 to be further improved. Further, the separation of the electric cabinet 40, the dust suction device 50, the air compressor 60, and the freezer 70 from the bed 31 facilitates the overall transportation of the machine tool 20. # [0025] When working, the workpiece is placed on the table 33 in the main machine 30, and the workpiece is clamped by driving the two engaging blocks 332 by air pressure. Then, the controller 36 controls the sliding saddle 32, the table 33, and the sliding table 340 to run along the first rail 313, the second rail 314, and the third rail 315, respectively, in a direction parallel to the X, Y, and Z axes until the sliding The saddle 32, the table 33 and the first rotating shaft 344 mounted on the bottom end of the sliding table 340 are operated to the zero point of the machine tool 20, and then the pre-programmed roughing program in the controller 36 is started, the saddle 32, the table 33, and the table 340 And the first rotating shaft 344 is operated according to the respective accepted instructions, by the sliding saddle 32, the table 33, the 096125572, the form number A0101, the 9th page, the 21st page, the 0993180250-0, the correction of the replacement page slide table 340 The three-axis linkage and the rotation of the first-rotor shaft 344 drive the cutter 348& to rough the workpiece. After the roughing is completed, the first tool post 346 and the roughing tool 348a held by the "the first tool post 346 are unloaded from the first rotating shaft 344 and then the controller 36 is controlled to move the working table 3 3 by a predetermined distance (ie, The center distance between the first transfer material 344 and the second rotating shaft 345. Then, the pre-programmed finishing program in the control unit 36 is started, and the sliding saddle 32, the table 33, the sliding table 3 cutting and the second rotating shaft 345 are respectively accepted. The command operation, the three-axis linkage of the saddle 32, the table 33, the slide table 340, and the rotation of the second shaft 345 drive the tool 348b to finish the workpiece. [0026] Since the machine tool 20 is provided with two shafts having different rotation speeds 344, 345, and the roughing tool 348a is assembled on the first rotating shaft 344 with a lower speed, and the workpiece can be rough-worked. After finishing the finishing tool 348b on the second rotating shaft 345 with a higher rotating speed, the workpiece can be refined. The machining realizes the roughing and finishing of the workpiece on the same machine tool, so that the workpiece can be loaded and positioned on the table 33 at a time, so the machine tool 20 of the invention has the working efficiency, high processing precision and high precision. Advantages "Also, in the above processing Although the roughing tool 348a needs to be disassembled in the process, the dismantling of the roughing tool 348a can be performed by the g-tool changing device, which does not require manual work, so the time is short, and the working efficiency of the machine tool 20 is not affected, and the present invention The tool holder or the main shaft can be designed as a movable structure with a telescopic function, so that the roughing tool 348a or the finishing tool 348b can be at a first position (machining position) far from the connecting block 3431 and closer to the connecting block 3431. The second position (standby position), the design of the machine can have a higher working efficiency than the design of the disassembling roughing tool 348a. [0027] It can be understood that the main machine 30 of the machine tool 20 of the present invention has a table 33 and a shaft. Saddle 096125572 Form nickname A0101 Page 10 / Total 21 page 0993180250-0 1330565 099 May 24 Revision of the other removable parts outside the page 343, such as the saddle 32, can also be density in 2. 7 χ 1 〇 kg / cubic The aluminum alloy is made up of 3. 3xl 〇 3 kg/m3, which further further miniaturizes the machine tool and further improves the machining accuracy of the machine tool. Further, these movable parts can also be used. Made of other light metal alloys, such as magnesium alloys, but it is necessary to ensure that the density of the metal alloy is between 1.7x10 kg/m3 and 3.3χΐ〇3 kg/m3. [0028] It can be understood that the present invention is the same as the machine tool. The design of two rotating shafts with different rotating speeds on the sliding table can also be applied to other types of machine tools, such as grinding machines, etc. [0029] This kind of machine tool also has the advantages of high working efficiency and high machining precision. In accordance with the requirements of the invention patents, the patent application--(2) is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art of the present invention should make equivalent modifications or changes in the spirit of the present invention. It is covered by the following patent application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0030] FIG. 1 is a side view of a conventional machine tool. [0032] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a machine tool in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a perspective view of a main body of a machine tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a perspective view showing the line of the machine tool shown in FIG. 3 after the cover is removed. 5 is a schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism of the main body shown in FIG. 4 after removing the main body portion [0035] [Explanation of main component symbols] Machine tool: 20 [0036] Main body: 30 096125572 Form No. A0101 Page 11 / Total 21 pages 0993180250-0 1330565 [0037] Bed: 31 [0038] Base: 311 [0039] Column: 312 [0040] First rail: 313 [0041] Second rail: 314 [0042] Third rail: 315 [0043] Saddle: 32 [0044] Workbench: 33 [0045] Base: 331 [0046] Engagement block: 3 3 2 [0047] Cutting mechanism: 34 [0048] Slide: 340 [0049] Main body :342 [0050] Shaft saddle: 343 [0051] Connection block: 3431 [0052] First spindle: 3432 [0053] Second spindle: 3433 [0054] First shaft: 344 [0055] Second shaft: 345 096125572 Form number A0101 Page 12 of 21 Correction replacement page on May 24, 099
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[0056] 第一刀架：346 [0057] 第二刀架：347 [0058] 粗加工刀具： 348a [0059] 精加工刀具： 348b [0060] 通氣管：349 [0061] 罩體：35 [0062] 側壁：351 [0063] 頂蓋：352 [0064] 活動門：353 [0065] 玻璃窗：354 [0066] 控制器：36 [0067] 顯示面板：3 61 [0068] 電櫃：40 [0069] 電纜：401 [0070] 吸塵裝置：50 [0071] 導管：501 [0072] 空氣壓縮機： 60 [0073] 輸氣管：601 [0074] 冰植：70 096125572 表單編號A0101 第13頁/共21頁 099年05月24日修正替换頁 0993180250-0 1330565 __ 099年05月24日核正替换頁 [0075]冷卻管：701 096125572 表單編號A0101 第14頁/共21頁[0056] First tool holder: 346 [0057] Second tool holder: 347 [0058] Roughing tool: 348a [0059] Finishing tool: 348b [0060] Snorkel: 349 [0061] Cover: 35 [0062] Side wall: 351 [0063] Top cover: 352 [0064] Moving door: 353 [0065] Glass window: 354 [0066] Controller: 36 [0067] Display panel: 3 61 [0068] Electric cabinet: 40 [0069] Cable: 401 [0070] Vacuuming device: 50 [0071] Catheter: 501 [0072] Air Compressor: 60 [0073] Gas Pipe: 601 [0074] Ice Plant: 70 096125572 Form No. A0101 Page 13 of 21 Page 099 May 24th revised replacement page 0993180250-0 1330565 __ 0599 May 24th nuclear replacement page [0075] Cooling tube: 701 096125572 Form number A0101 Page 14 of 21
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