1326785 (1) * 玖、發明說明 . 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於可顯示出利用使用環境之光的外部光之 反射型顯示，和利用背光等之照明光之透過型顯示之兩者 - 之液晶顯示裝置。用於液晶顯示裝置之液晶顯示元件，由 於係非自我發光型之顯示元件，故具有薄型且低消耗電力 之優點。因此，被廣泛用於手錶，文書處理器或個人電腦 等之0A機器’電子筆記本或攜帶電話等之攜帶機器，AV φ 機器等之電子機器。 【先前技術】 近年’爲了於明亮處或是黑暗均可觀察顯示，期望著 - 能以利用自然光或室內光等之外光之反射型顯示，和利用 · 從背光之照明光之透過型顯示之兩者顯示模式，可觀察之 液晶顯示裝置。傳統上眾所皆知，係以設置著色層於形成 有孔之反射層上，來做爲如此之透過反射兩用型之彩色液 鲁 晶顯示裝置（譬如參考特開平11-052366號公報）。於如 此之構造，觀察透過顯示時，通過無反射膜之孔部（透過 領域）之照明光傳達於觀察者。此時，從背光之照射光由 於僅一次通過著色層，故可得到比較明亮之顯示。另外， 於如此之構造上，觀察反射顯示時，於反射膜之部分（反 _ 射領域）所反射之外部光傳達於觀察者》此時，一度通過 著色層的光於反射膜反射而再度通過著色層。亦即，由於 2次通過透過率較低之著色層，故顯示變爲較暗。 -4- (2) 1326785 於此，揭示著爲了將反射時之較暗顯示畫面改善爲較 ^ 明亮，故去除一部分反射領域之著色層，而設置未通過著 色層部位之構造（譬如參考特開平2000- 1 1 1 902號公報） 。於此構造，由於未設置著色層於反射領域之一部份’故 · 可消除由著色層所產生光損耗。因此，往無著色層部分之 - 入射光，於接觸到反射膜後幾乎不會變暗而返回於觀察者 ，進而可有效得到反射時之明亮顯示。 於傳統之透過反射兩用型之彩色液晶顯示裝置上，如 鲁 上述所言，由於使用有於著色層鑿孔使其露出反射膜，可 確保反射顯示時之亮度之構造.，故於具有著色層和無具有 著色層之領域，會產生著色層之膜厚度分之高低差。一般 而言，於液晶顯示裝置上，爲了平坦化彩色濾光片基板表 面，故於設置著色層之後設置平坦化膜之塗佈工程。但是 ，著色層之膜厚通常由於爲l#m前後，故即使設置平坦 化之塗佈工程，亦難以得到平坦化之程度高的表面，將導 致殘留0.2//m程度之高低差。 Φ 如此，於彩色濾光片基板表面具有高低差時，於不同 場所在與對向基板之間會產生間隙之誤差。當間隙不同時 ，注入於間隙之液晶分子配向將有所不同，而引起對比變 差等之降低顯示品質。此高低差，尤其於使用STN液晶 之彩色顯示裝置之中，成爲降低顯示品質之主因。 ^ 於是，本發明係將提供一種可明亮之反射顯示，且無 顯示斑點之高顯示品質之液晶裝置做爲目的。 (3) 1326785 σ 【發明內容】 所以，藉由本發明所產生之·液晶顯不裝置’丨系於'構成 彩色濾光片之著色層和液晶層之間’設置比著色層較小面 積之反射膜。或是’具備形成彩色濾光片之·彩色濾光片基 · 板，和與彩色濾光片基板經由液晶層所對向之對向基板， _ 於構成彩色濾光片之著色層上’設置著比此著色層較小面 積之反射膜。藉由如此之構造’於透過顯示時’爲呈現彩 色顯示，於反射顯示時’爲呈現黑白顯示，於反射顯示時 鲁 由於係觀察未通過著色層的光’故相較於傳統更可改善反 射顯示時之亮度。 再者，爲了改善著色層和反射膜之接密性’故於著色 層和反射膜之間，設置透明絕緣膜。 或者，具備形成彩色濾光片之彩色濾光片基板’和設 置於彩色濾光片之平坦化膜，和於平坦化膜上相較於構成 彩色濾光片之著色層以較小面積所形成之反射膜，和與此 彩色濾光片基板經由液晶層而對向設置之對向基板。 · 同時，於上述之構造中，由於易於將反射膜之厚度作 成〇.1〜0.2/zm，故可改善彩色濾光片基本板表面之平坦 化。 【實施方式】 以下爲說明本發明之實施形態。 藉由本發明所產生之液晶顯示裝置，係採取於透過領 域設置著色層，而於反射領域之反射膜上，未設置著色層 -6- (4) 1326785 之構造。因此，於構成彩色濾光片之著色層，和液晶層之 * 間，設置著比著色層較小面積之反射膜。亦既，形成彩色 濾光片之彩色濾光片基板，和對向基板係經由液晶層而對 向之液晶顯示裝置，於構成彩色濾光片之著色層上’設置 · 著比此著色層較小面積之反射膜。 - 藉由如此之構造，使得於透過顯示時成爲彩色顯示， 而於反射顯示時則爲黑白顯示，於反射顯示時由於係觀察 未通過著色層的光，故能確保反射顯示時之亮度。於此， 鲁 於反射膜4可使用包含A1或銀之金屬膜。其厚度最理想 係1 000〜200Q埃。當過薄時由於將增加透過反射膜的光 ，而降低反射率，較理想係1〇〇〇埃以上之膜厚。同時， 當過於厚時由於損失表面之平坦性，故較理想係2000埃 以下之膜厚。再者，用以改善著色層與反射膜之接密性， 於著色層和反射膜之間，設置透明絕緣膜亦可。於透明絕 緣膜可使用Si02或Ti02等。 同時，傳統上，依存於1 // m前後之著色層厚度之表 鲁 面凹凸（平坦性），係變爲依存於可以0.1〜0.2 ;zm程度 成膜之著色層上方之反射膜厚度，而可改善彩色濾光片基 板表面之平坦性》 反射膜係於著色層表面之適當位置以任意形狀所設置 之》此種情況，無須統一各畫素間之反射膜形狀。 ^ 同時，亦可考量除了著色層表面之外來做爲設置反射 膜之場所。例如，作成具備形成彩色濾光片之彩色濾光片 基板，與設置於彩色濾光片上之平坦化膜，和於平坦化膜 (5) 1326785 上以形成彩色濾光片之著色層更小之面積所形成反射膜， * 和與此彩色濾光片基板經由液晶層而對向設置之對向基板 之構造》 本發明之液晶顯示裝置，係以一般之彩色濾光片基板 - 之製造方法而形成著色層之後，藉由於著色層表面之適當 . 之位置以任意形狀設置反射膜製造之。此後，爲了將彩色 濾光片基板之表面作成平坦化，故形成平坦化膜。此時， 反射膜由於可形成較薄，故藉由平坦化膜塗佈工程更可易 鲁 於實現較高之表面平坦性。 或者，使用一般之彩色濾光片基板之製造方法，直到 平坦化膜形成之後，於平坦化膜表面之最佳位置以任意形 狀形成反射膜亦可。同時，反射膜由於可形成較薄，故即 使未設置平坦化膜亦可維持較高之表面平坦性。 如此，於任一情況，相較於一般之反射或是半透過型 液晶顯示裝置之製造方法，無須增加工程數目，即可製造 本發明之液晶顯示裝置。 · 以下，茲參考圖面說明有關本發明之實施例子》 (實施例1 ) 圖1爲模式化表示用於本實施例之液晶顯示裝置之液 晶顯示元件之槪略圖。於本實施例子中，說明被動型之彩 色液晶顯示裝置之形態。圖1(A)爲表示本實施例子之 剖面構造圖。如圖示所示，彩色濾光片基板】和透明基板 9係經由液晶層8相互對向。於各基板之其中一方表面， (6) 1326785 設置著具有所期望之圖案之透明電極6。彩色濾光片基板 ’ 係於玻璃基板上設置形成彩色濾光片之著色層之構造。具 體而言，於彩色濾光片基板之表面設置著具有所期望之圖 案之遮光膜（黑矩陣）2，和爲左右之厚度之光的 · 三原色R(3R) ，G(3G) ，B(3B)之著色層。而於著 . 色層之表面的一部份設置有反射膜4。如此，反射膜4由 於設置於著色層之表面（觀察者側），故於反射顯示時， 入射於反射領域的光，無需透過著色層而反射於顯示部前 鲁 面，做爲黑白顯示來被觀察。此時，由於傳統著色層（3R ，3G，3B)所吸收的光，此時爲原封不動返回於觀察者 側，故能夠得到較爲明亮之顯示。另外，於透過顯示時， 從與觀察方向相反側之入射光係通過未設置反射膜4之部 分著色層，而傳達於觀察者，故可觀察到彩色顯示。 圖1 (Β)係圖1 (Α)所示之液晶顯示元件從觀察方 向視之模式圖，抽出一畫素分者。於此，係放大紅素之一 畫素分而做爲例子。於圖中成爲著色層3R之該處係透過 鲁 領域，而設置反射膜4之部分爲反射領域。於本實施例中 ，著色層係以1〇〇 V mx300 //m所構成，其上面係於著色 層之10%以上50%以下之面積形成反射層。藉由改變反 射膜4之面積’可調整透過顯示時之顏色濃度，或反射顯 示時之亮度。爲了兼具透過顯示時之顔色濃度，和反射時 — 之黒白顯示之特性’故反射層最好係於著色層之10%以 上50%以下之面積。亦即，本發明係於反射模式中，由 於觀察光不透過著色層，故相較於傳統，反射面積即使較 -9- (7) 1326785 小，亦可得到較高反射率（對往L C D的入射光之反射光 比例），而隨反射膜面積減小之部分，於透過模式中，通 過著色層之光量將變大。因此，反射膜若係著色層面積之 10%以上時，將可得到充分之反射特性。當反射膜之面積 ‘ 成爲更小時，無法得到希望之反射亮度，故較差。另外， - 當反射膜面積成爲較大時，雖可改善反射時之亮度，但當 於觀察者側從外光入射之環境觀察透過模式（彩色顯示） 時，此外光藉由反射膜到達觀察者處，變爲對顯示顏色有 · 所影響。因此，反射膜最理想之面積係著色層之50%以 下。 同時，於本實施例中，雖然形成以彩色濾光片基板之 電極，與對向基板之電極構成之畫素大小相同之各著色層 ，但是即使大小稍微不同，實質上亦沒有問題。因此，當 畫素大小和著色層大小相同時，反射膜面積可表示爲畫素 電極大小之1 0 %以上5 0 %以下。 又，於圖1(B)，雖於對應著色層之略爲中央部位 擊 置，設置著反射膜，但是反射膜之著色層上之位置係爲任 意’亦既’可將反射膜設置於著色層上之任一部位，或設 定於任意點。 於本實施例中，係使用厚度1500埃之Al-Nd膜來 做爲反射膜。且，爲了改善著色層（3R，3G，3B)和反 射膜4之接密性，即使於著色層和反射膜之間，設置 Si〇2或Ti02等之透明絕緣膜，其厚度爲150〜200埃亦可 -10- (8) 1326785 再者，爲了覆蓋彩色濾光片基板，形成平坦化膜5， ' 於其上面設置著爲了施加電壓於液晶層之透明電極6。平 坦化膜，由於於其表面形成透明電極，故平坦性和絕緣性 係有必要。平坦化膜係以厚度爲2 # m所形成之，由於金 - 屬膜4以非常薄而被形成，故易於提高平坦性。 . 其次，說明本發明之液晶顯示裝置之製造方法。首先 ，於玻璃基板上形成構成彩色濾光片之著色層。具體而言 ，於彩色濾光片基板表面，以l//m之厚度，設置著具有 · 所期望之圖案遮光膜（黑矩陣）2，和光三原色紅，綠， 藍之著色層（3R，3G，3B )。此等任一皆係藉由微影法 所形成之顏料分散法而製造而成。 其後，於著色層（3R，3G，3B)表面，爲了成爲適 當之面積，以任意形狀形成反射膜4。此反射膜4 —般而 言係使用A1或銀系之金屬膜，此等金屬膜藉由濺鍍法等 形成厚度爲1〇〇〇〜1500埃程度。爲了改善著色層和反射 層4之接密度，故於著色層和反射膜之間，即使設置 ·1326785 (1) * Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reflective display that can display external light using light in a use environment, and a transmissive display that uses illumination light such as a backlight. - Liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display element used in the liquid crystal display device has the advantages of being thin and having low power consumption because it is a display element other than the self-luminous type. Therefore, it is widely used in 0A machines such as watches, word processors, and personal computers, electronic devices such as electronic notebooks and mobile phones, and electronic devices such as AV φ machines. [Prior Art] In recent years, in order to be able to observe and display in bright places or in darkness, it is expected to be able to display by means of a reflective type that uses light other than natural light or indoor light, and a transmissive type that uses illumination light from a backlight. Both display modes, observable liquid crystal display devices. Conventionally, it is known to provide a color liquid crystal display device which is a translucent reflective layer by providing a colored layer on a reflective layer having a hole (see, for example, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei 11-052366). With this configuration, when the transmission is observed, the illumination light passing through the hole portion (transmission region) of the non-reflection film is transmitted to the observer. At this time, since the illumination light from the backlight passes through the colored layer only once, a relatively bright display can be obtained. Further, in such a configuration, when the reflection display is observed, the external light reflected in the portion of the reflection film (in the anti-reflection field) is transmitted to the observer. At this time, the light once passed through the colored layer is reflected by the reflection film and passed again. Colored layer. That is, since the coloring layer having a low transmittance is passed twice, the display becomes dark. -4- (2) 1326785 Here, it is disclosed that in order to improve the darker display image during reflection, the coloring layer of a part of the reflection field is removed, and the structure that does not pass through the colored layer portion is set (for example, reference special opening) 2000- 1 1 1 902 bulletin). In this configuration, since the colored layer is not provided in one part of the reflection field, the light loss caused by the coloring layer can be eliminated. Therefore, the incident light to the non-colored layer portion is hardly darkened after coming into contact with the reflective film, and returns to the observer, thereby effectively obtaining a bright display at the time of reflection. In the conventional transflective-type color liquid crystal display device, as described above, since the use of the colored layer to dig the reflective film to expose the reflective film, the structure of the brightness during reflection display can be ensured. The layer and the field without the colored layer will produce a difference in film thickness of the colored layer. In general, in the liquid crystal display device, in order to planarize the surface of the color filter substrate, a coating process of the planarizing film is provided after the coloring layer is provided. However, since the film thickness of the colored layer is usually before and after l#m, even if a flattening coating process is provided, it is difficult to obtain a surface having a high degree of planarization, which causes a difference of about 0.2/m. Φ As described above, when there is a difference in height on the surface of the color filter substrate, a gap error occurs between the substrate and the counter substrate in different places. When the gap is different, the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules injected into the gap will be different, causing deterioration in display quality such as contrast variation. This difference in height, especially among color display devices using STN liquid crystals, is the main cause of degrading display quality. Thus, the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal device which can display a bright reflection without high display quality of display spots. (3) 1326785 σ [Summary of the Invention] Therefore, the liquid crystal display device produced by the present invention is disposed between the coloring layer constituting the color filter and the liquid crystal layer to set a smaller area than the colored layer. membrane. Or 'having a color filter base plate that forms a color filter, and a counter substrate that is opposite to the color filter substrate via the liquid crystal layer, _ on the color layer constituting the color filter' A reflective film having a smaller area than the colored layer. With such a structure, 'in the case of transmission display', a color display is displayed, and in the case of a reflective display, a black-and-white display is displayed, and when a reflection is displayed, since the light that does not pass through the colored layer is observed, the reflection can be improved compared with the conventional one. The brightness when displayed. Further, in order to improve the adhesion between the colored layer and the reflective film, a transparent insulating film is provided between the colored layer and the reflective film. Alternatively, a color filter substrate ′ having a color filter and a planarization film provided on the color filter are formed on the planarization film in a smaller area than the color layer constituting the color filter. The reflective film and the opposite substrate disposed opposite to the color filter substrate via the liquid crystal layer. At the same time, in the above configuration, since the thickness of the reflective film is easily made 〇1 to 0.2/zm, the planarization of the surface of the color filter base plate can be improved. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. The liquid crystal display device produced by the present invention is configured such that a colored layer is provided in the transmission region, and a structure in which the colored layer -6-(4) 1326785 is not provided on the reflective film in the reflective region. Therefore, a reflective film having a smaller area than the colored layer is provided between the coloring layer constituting the color filter and the liquid crystal layer. In addition, the color filter substrate forming the color filter and the liquid crystal display device facing the substrate via the liquid crystal layer are disposed on the color layer constituting the color filter. A small area of reflective film. - With such a configuration, the color display is displayed when the display is transmitted, and the black and white display is displayed during the reflective display, and the light that has not passed through the colored layer is observed during the reflective display, so that the brightness at the time of reflective display can be ensured. Here, as the reflective film 4, a metal film containing A1 or silver may be used. The thickness is most preferably 1 000 to 200 Q angstroms. When it is too thin, since the light transmitted through the reflective film is increased to lower the reflectance, it is preferable to have a film thickness of 1 Å or more. At the same time, when it is too thick, the film thickness is less than 2000 angstroms due to the loss of the flatness of the surface. Further, in order to improve the adhesion between the colored layer and the reflective film, a transparent insulating film may be provided between the colored layer and the reflective film. As the transparent insulating film, SiO 2 or TiO 2 or the like can be used. At the same time, conventionally, the surface roughness (flatness) of the thickness of the color layer depending on the thickness of 1 // m is dependent on the thickness of the reflective film above the color layer which can be formed by 0.1 to 0.2 μm. The flatness of the surface of the color filter substrate can be improved. The reflective film is disposed at an appropriate position on the surface of the colored layer in an arbitrary shape. In this case, it is not necessary to unify the shape of the reflective film between the pixels. ^ At the same time, it is also possible to consider the location of the reflective film in addition to the surface of the colored layer. For example, a color filter substrate having a color filter formed thereon, a planarization film provided on the color filter, and a coloring layer formed on the planarization film (5) 1326785 to form a color filter are formed. The reflective film formed in the area, and the structure of the opposite substrate that is disposed opposite to the color filter substrate via the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a general color filter substrate - a method of manufacturing the same After the coloring layer is formed, it is manufactured by providing a reflecting film in an arbitrary shape due to the proper position of the surface of the colored layer. Thereafter, in order to planarize the surface of the color filter substrate, a planarizing film is formed. At this time, since the reflective film can be formed thin, it is easier to achieve higher surface flatness by the planarization film coating process. Alternatively, a general color filter substrate may be formed by forming a reflective film in an arbitrary shape at an optimum position on the surface of the planarizing film after the formation of the planarizing film. At the same time, since the reflective film can be formed thin, even if the planarizing film is not provided, high surface flatness can be maintained. Thus, in either case, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can be manufactured without increasing the number of projects as compared with the conventional reflective or semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device manufacturing method. In the following, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings (Embodiment 1). Fig. 1 is a schematic view schematically showing a liquid crystal display element used in the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the form of the passive type color liquid crystal display device will be described. Fig. 1(A) is a cross-sectional structural view showing the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the color filter substrate and the transparent substrate 9 are opposed to each other via the liquid crystal layer 8. On one of the surfaces of each of the substrates, (6) 1326785 is provided with a transparent electrode 6 having a desired pattern. The color filter substrate ′ is a structure in which a color layer forming a color filter is provided on a glass substrate. Specifically, a light-shielding film (black matrix) 2 having a desired pattern and three primary colors R(3R), G(3G), B (bright and left-thickness light) are disposed on the surface of the color filter substrate. 3B) The color layer. And a portion of the surface of the color layer is provided with a reflective film 4. Since the reflective film 4 is provided on the surface (observer side) of the colored layer, the light incident on the reflective region is reflected on the front surface of the display portion without being transmitted through the colored layer, and is displayed as a black-and-white display. Observed. At this time, since the light absorbed by the conventional colored layer (3R, 3G, 3B) is returned to the observer side as it is, it is possible to obtain a brighter display. Further, at the time of transmission display, the incident light from the side opposite to the observation direction passes through the portion of the colored layer where the reflection film 4 is not provided, and is transmitted to the observer, so that color display can be observed. Fig. 1 (Β) is a schematic diagram of the liquid crystal display element shown in Fig. 1 (Α) viewed from the viewing direction, and a pixel component is extracted. Here, one of the pixels of the magentin is magnified as an example. In the figure, the portion which becomes the colored layer 3R passes through the Lu field, and the portion where the reflective film 4 is disposed is the reflection field. In the present embodiment, the colored layer is composed of 1 〇〇 V mx300 / m, and the upper surface thereof is formed by forming a reflective layer in an area of 10% or more and 50% or less of the colored layer. By changing the area of the reflective film 4, the color density at the time of transmission display or the brightness at the time of display can be adjusted. In order to have both the color density at the time of transmission display and the characteristic of white display during reflection, the reflective layer is preferably placed in an area of 50% or less of 10% or less of the colored layer. That is, the present invention is in the reflection mode, since the observation light does not pass through the colored layer, the reflection area is smaller than that of the conventional -9-(7) 1326785, and a higher reflectance is obtained (for the LCD) The proportion of the reflected light of the incident light, and as the area of the reflective film decreases, the amount of light passing through the colored layer will become larger in the transmission mode. Therefore, when the reflective film is 10% or more of the area of the colored layer, sufficient reflection characteristics can be obtained. When the area of the reflective film ‘ becomes smaller, the desired reflected brightness cannot be obtained, which is inferior. In addition, when the area of the reflective film is large, the brightness at the time of reflection can be improved, but when the transmission mode (color display) is observed from the environment where the external light is incident on the observer side, the light reaches the observer by the reflective film. At the place, it becomes affected by the display color. Therefore, the most desirable area of the reflective film is less than 50% of the colored layer. Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, although the colored electrodes of the color filter substrate and the colored layers having the same size as the pixels of the counter substrate are formed, there is substantially no problem even if the size is slightly different. Therefore, when the pixel size and the colored layer size are the same, the area of the reflective film can be expressed as 10% or more and 50% or less of the size of the pixel electrode. Further, in Fig. 1(B), a reflective film is provided at a slightly central portion corresponding to the colored layer, but the position on the colored layer of the reflective film is arbitrary, and the reflective film can be placed on the colored layer. Any part of the layer, or set at any point. In the present embodiment, an Al-Nd film having a thickness of 1,500 Å was used as a reflective film. Further, in order to improve the adhesion between the colored layer (3R, 3G, 3B) and the reflective film 4, a transparent insulating film of Si〇2 or TiO2 is provided between the colored layer and the reflective film, and has a thickness of 150 to 200. Eg can also be used as a transparent electrode 6 for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer. In the flattened film, since a transparent electrode is formed on the surface, flatness and insulation are necessary. The flattening film is formed to have a thickness of 2 #m, and since the gold-based film 4 is formed to be very thin, it is easy to improve flatness. Next, a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described. First, a coloring layer constituting a color filter is formed on a glass substrate. Specifically, on the surface of the color filter substrate, a light-shielding film (black matrix) 2 having a desired pattern and a red, green, and blue color layer (3R, 3G) are provided at a thickness of 1//m. , 3B). Any of these is produced by a pigment dispersion method formed by a lithography method. Thereafter, on the surface of the colored layer (3R, 3G, 3B), the reflective film 4 is formed in an arbitrary shape in order to have an appropriate area. The reflective film 4 is generally made of a metal film of A1 or silver type, and these metal films are formed to have a thickness of about 1 1500 to 1500 Å by sputtering or the like. In order to improve the bonding density between the colored layer and the reflective layer 4, even between the colored layer and the reflective film, even if
Si02或Ti02等之透明絕緣膜亦可。透明絕緣膜由於可和 反射膜4連續成膜，故無須增加加工品之移動，或真空室 之變更等之工程。 其次，爲了將黑矩陣2，著色層（3R，3G，3B)及 反射膜4之表面作成平坦化’故平坦化膜5係以2 // m左 _ 右厚度塗佈β如前述所言，金屬膜由於可作成非常薄，故 於平坦化塗佈工程之中，易於提高平坦化膜之平坦性。 同時，於平坦化膜5上設置透明電極6。而透明電極 -11 - (9) 1326785 6可藉由微影法形成所期望之圖案。透明電極6係將錫Sn 氧化含有不純物之銦In而成之稱爲ITO之透明導電膜， 可設定期望之電阻値。ITO由於係低電組之半導體物質， 故其電阻値係從薄膜電阻爲10Ω/ □至100 Ω/ □爲最廣 用之準位。通常，I TO係以濺鍍法或蒸著法之真空濺鍍膜 法所形成。同時，對向玻璃基板9上也是以相同方法形成 透明電極。 此後，散佈爲了將晶胞間隔作成目的値之間隔物，其 次，於彩色濾光片基板1及對向玻璃基板9之表面上，設 置爲了配向液晶8之配向膜。接著，於彩色濾光片基板1 和對向玻璃基板9之任一方，塗佈密封材7，貼合兩基板 形成晶胞構造。一般而言，密封材7係使用熱硬化性之樹 脂，以熱壓著法進行。其後，於晶胞間隔中藉由注入液晶 ，得到液晶顯示元件。 (實施例2) 圖2爲表示使用於本實施例之液晶顯示裝置之液晶顯 示元件之槪略模式圖。本實施例係將反射膜4設置於平坦 化膜5上，此點係與實施例1不同。與實施例I重複之部 分省略說明。圖2(A)爲表示本實施例之液晶顯示元件 之剖面構造圖。圖2(B)係表示於圖2(A)所示之顯示 元件，從觀察方向視之模式圖，取出一畫素分者。於此， 將放大紅色一畫素分作爲圖示。亦即，彩色濾光片基板1 係以遮光膜（黑矩陣）2和著色層（3R，3G，3B)所構 (10) · 1326785 成之彩色濾光片，形成於玻璃基板上之構造。一般，係設 ’ 置以厚度爲l/zm左右之彩色濾光片。於此彩色濾光片上 設置平坦化膜5,於此平坦化膜5上形成反射膜4。必要 時，於平坦化膜5上成膜透明性絕緣膜，而於其上設置反 .A transparent insulating film such as SiO 2 or TiO 2 may also be used. Since the transparent insulating film can be continuously formed into the film with the reflective film 4, there is no need to increase the movement of the processed product or the change of the vacuum chamber. Next, in order to planarize the surface of the black matrix 2, the colored layer (3R, 3G, 3B) and the reflective film 4, the planarizing film 5 is coated with a thickness of 2 // m left-right as described above. Since the metal film can be made very thin, it is easy to improve the flatness of the planarizing film in the planarization coating process. At the same time, the transparent electrode 6 is provided on the planarization film 5. The transparent electrode -11 - (9) 1326785 6 can form a desired pattern by lithography. The transparent electrode 6 is a transparent conductive film called ITO in which tin Sn is oxidized to contain indium indium, and a desired resistance 可 can be set. Since ITO is a semiconductor material of a low-voltage group, its resistance 値 is from the sheet resistance of 10 Ω / □ to 100 Ω / □ is the most widely used level. Usually, I TO is formed by a vacuum sputtering method by sputtering or evaporation. At the same time, a transparent electrode is formed in the same manner on the opposite glass substrate 9. Thereafter, spacers for aligning the cell cells are formed, and second, an alignment film for aligning the liquid crystals 8 is provided on the surfaces of the color filter substrate 1 and the counter-glass substrate 9. Next, the sealing material 7 is applied to either one of the color filter substrate 1 and the opposite glass substrate 9, and the two substrates are bonded to each other to form a unit cell structure. In general, the sealing material 7 is formed by a hot pressing method using a thermosetting resin. Thereafter, liquid crystal display elements were obtained by injecting liquid crystals in the cell space. (Embodiment 2) Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a liquid crystal display element used in a liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the reflective film 4 is provided on the planarizing film 5, which is different from the first embodiment. The description of the parts overlapping with the embodiment I is omitted. Fig. 2 (A) is a cross-sectional structural view showing a liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. Fig. 2(B) is a view showing the display element shown in Fig. 2(A), and a pixel diagram is taken out from the viewing direction. Here, the magnified red one pixel is shown as an illustration. That is, the color filter substrate 1 has a structure in which a color filter composed of a light-shielding film (black matrix) 2 and a colored layer (3R, 3G, 3B) (10) · 1326785 is formed on a glass substrate. Generally, a color filter having a thickness of about 1/zm is provided. A flattening film 5 is provided on the color filter, and a reflective film 4 is formed on the planarizing film 5. If necessary, a transparent insulating film is formed on the planarizing film 5, and a reverse is formed thereon.
射膜4。於此，反射膜4係對應於著色層（3R，3G，3B )之位置而設置。圖2(B)，爲表示反射膜4對應於著 色層之中央位置部分所設置之例子。因此，與實施例1相 同，入射於設置反射膜之反射領域的光，無須通過著色層 φ 即可返回於觀察者側。因此可得到較爲明亮之顯示。亦既 ，於反射模式之觀察時可實現明亮顯示。 如此，於設置反射膜之彩色濾光片基板上，形成爲了 施加電壓於液晶層之透明電極。若欲更提高平坦性時，於 反射膜上再設置平坦化膜，而於其上面形成透明電極即可 〇 如上述所述，藉由本發明之液晶顯示裝置時，於反射 顯示時的入射光，由於不通過著色層（3R，3G，3B ) ， · 故可得到明亮顯示。 同時反射膜4由於可以成膜爲非常薄之1 000〜2000 埃，故以後於塗佈平坦化膜時，可得到較高之平坦性。又 ，此後即使於未塗佈平坦化膜時，反射膜本身之膜厚由於 較爲薄，故因表面之凹凸較小而可解決。因此，進而可防 止顯示品質降低。 [產業上之可利用性] -13- (11) (11)1326785 如上所述，有關本發明之透過反射兩用型之液晶顯示 ’可明亮之反射顯示，且無斑點顯示，可適用於實現 較高之顯示品質。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1爲模式化表示藉由本發明所產生之液晶顯示裝置 之構造槪要圖。 圖2爲模式化表示藉由本發明所產生之其他構造圖。 主要元件對照表. 8 液晶層 5 平坦化膜 6 透明電極 9 透明基板 1 彩色濾光片基版 7 密封材 2 遮光膜（黑矩陣） 3R 紅色 4 反射膜 3G 綠色 3B 藍色 -14-Film 4 Here, the reflective film 4 is provided corresponding to the position of the colored layer (3R, 3G, 3B). Fig. 2(B) shows an example in which the reflection film 4 is provided corresponding to the central portion of the color layer. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, the light incident on the reflection field in which the reflection film is provided can be returned to the observer side without passing through the colored layer φ. Therefore, a brighter display can be obtained. Also, a bright display can be realized in the observation of the reflection mode. Thus, a transparent electrode for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer is formed on the color filter substrate on which the reflective film is provided. When it is desired to further improve the flatness, a flattening film is further provided on the reflective film, and a transparent electrode is formed on the reflective film. As described above, when the liquid crystal display device of the present invention reflects incident light during display, Since the colored layer (3R, 3G, 3B) is not passed, a bright display can be obtained. At the same time, since the reflective film 4 can be formed into a very thin film of 1,000 to 2,000 angstroms, higher flatness can be obtained later when the planarizing film is applied. Further, even when the flattening film is not applied, the film thickness of the reflecting film itself is thin, so that the unevenness of the surface can be solved. Therefore, it is possible to prevent deterioration in display quality. [Industrial Applicability] -13- (11) (11) 13267875 As described above, the liquid crystal display of the transflective type of the present invention can be brightly reflected and displayed without speckle, and can be applied to realize Higher display quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a liquid crystal display device produced by the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic representation of other constructional diagrams produced by the present invention. Main component comparison table. 8 Liquid crystal layer 5 Flattening film 6 Transparent electrode 9 Transparent substrate 1 Color filter base plate 7 Sealing material 2 Light-shielding film (black matrix) 3R Red 4 Reflective film 3G Green 3B Blue -14-