九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種微波加速萃取設備，特別是關於一種 利用微波萃取之特性’使微波穿透萃取對象内部組織，由 於内部組織含有水分子’使得内部組織因受熱而膨脹，造 成細微之破壞，並配合後段攪拌萃取以利用瞬間大量熱傳 導效果，在兩種作用機理下達到提升萃取效率之微波加速 卒取設傷。 【先前技術】 樣品前處理是樣品分析過程中最為關鍵的環節，而萃取 又疋樣品前處理最常用的手段。傳統的萃取技術有索氏 (Soxhlet)萃取及攪拌萃取，該技術具有費時、萃取效率低 及再現性差等缺點。隨著科學技術的發展，新的萃取技術 也隨之出現，如超音波萃取、超臨界流體萃取（SFE)等萃 取方法。然而’由於前述技術存在設備複雜、操作成本高 及使用範圍受限等問題而無法廣為應用，終使微波萃取 (MAE)技術異軍突起。 微波萃取技術因能將目標成份直接從原料分離，故具有 較佳的選擇性，且微波萃取受溶劑親和力的限制較小，故 可供選擇的溶劑亦較多。然而，現行的微波萃取所採用之 方法為將微波導入萃取做為熱源使用，效果僅只提高溶劑 升溫效率’但卻需要大量能源，因此對於工業化製程實質 上並無太大的效益。由此可見，現行的微波萃取技術仍存 有諸多缺失，而亟待改善。 117794-990301 .doc 1326765 【發明内容】 本發明之目的在於提供一種微波加速萃取設備，用以提 高微波萃取之萃取率’及縮短萃取時間。 為達上述之目的’本發明之微波加速萃取設備，利用微 波穿透的特性’由產品内部加熱，讓潤濕的原料在吸收微 波之後產生熱能，一些機能成分吸收能量之後被活化，接 下來在大量的溶劑浸泡之下，這些成分因熱交換而同時溶 解到溶劑中《與傳統的萃取方法相比，由於要加熱的溶劑 體積變少，因此加熱速率變快，另外由於加熱時間短，可 以防止過長的加熱時間導致化合物的氧化或衰變，因此具 有良好的萃取效果。 本發明之微波加速萃取設備，係包含一萃取槽以容置待 萃取之原料及溶劑，萃取槽連接至一微波源，微波源係藉 由一電源供應器驅動控制以產生微波並饋入至萃取槽中。 為滿足各種原料對微波饋入之需求，本發明採用側向開槽 片方式饋入、上方偶合口直接饋入，以及利用攪拌棒為天 線的方式饋入微波。 舉例來說’本發明可將微波源設置於萃取槽上，並利用 萃取槽上之一偶合口，直接將微波源所產生之微波饋入至 萃取槽中。本發明亦可於萃取槽之側邊設置側向波導管， 並將微波源設置於側向波導管’藉以使微波可從側向波導 &饋入至萃取槽内。本發明還可於萃取槽上設置上方波導 S，並將微波源設於上方波導管，上方波導管係連接至一 攪拌馬達之金屬攪拌棒，此金屬攪拌棒係延伸至萃取槽 117794-990301.do. 1326765 中’俾令微波可經由古.、士道^1 „ a a； ,,ft ,,. 田上万渡導官及金屬攪拌棒而饋入至 取槽中。 【實施方式】 以下將本發明之較佳實施例參照圖式作說明，圖式上有 元件符號，用以代表對應之元件。 圖1所示為本發明微波加速萃取設備之結構示意圖；圖 2所示為萃取槽之前視圖；圖3所示則為萃取槽之後視圖。 如附圖所示，本發明之微波加速萃取設備係包含有一萃取 槽10、一微波產生裝置（微波源31)以及一電源供應器2〇。 萃取槽1 〇係用以容置原料及溶劑，微波產生裝置則用以產 生微波至萃取槽10以利萃取，而電源供應器2〇則係用以驅 動微波產生裝置產生微波。 如各附圖所示’前述之萃取槽1〇係可架設於一台座2ι 上，藉以便利使用者之操作。萃取槽10包含一上蓋板〖丨以 及一下蓋板12 ’且萃取槽1〇之槽體與上蓋板u及下蓋板12 之接合處設有微波止洩條13 (參圖4)，藉以防止萃取槽丨〇内 之微波外洩。上蓋板1丨具有一入料蓋丨4以及一偶合口丨5。 此入料蓋14可設計成一上掀式之入料蓋，藉以令使用者可 透過此入料蓋14將待萃取之原料置入萃取槽1()中。入料蓋 14可具有一玻璃視窗，俾令使用者可透過此玻璃視窗觀察 萃取槽10内之情況。此外’玻璃視窗係設有金屬網孔（圖 中未示）以防止微波外洩。下蓋板12藉由扣板16而固接至 萃取槽10 ’下蓋板12具有一出料口 17，此出料口 17係可為 一球閥式出料口，藉以使萃取槽10内之萃取液可透過此出 117794-990301 _doc -8- 1326765 料口 17流出。 微波產生裝置係包含有一微波源3丨，此微波源3丨係設置 於萃取槽1〇之上方，並經由萃取槽1〇之偶合口 15延伸入萃 取槽1 〇内，藉以使微波源3 1所產生之微波可由上方直接饋 入至萃取槽1〇内。此微波源31係藉由電源供應器驅動， 藉以令使用者可透過此電源供應器2〇操控微波源3丨之輸出 功率與運轉時間。 請另參閱圖4所示，為滿足各種原料對微波饋入之需 求，本發明之微波產生裝置另設有微波饋入裝置，其可於 萃取槽1 0槽體之側邊設置有側向波導管3 2，並將微波源3 t 设置於侧向波導管32，此側向波導管32係為延伸至萃取槽 10内之方形金屬管’且為提高微波饋入之均勻性，此波導 管3 2係為開槽式波導。俾於使用時，微波源3丨所產生之微 波可經由側向波導管3 2饋入至萃取槽1 〇内。此外，該側向 波導管32可導通連接有一進排氣風扇33，藉以令該風扇33 可於萃取槽10加入或排出冷熱氣體。 再者，微波產-生裝置又於萃取槽10上係設置有一上方波 導管34，上方波導管34上則設有一攪拌馬達35，此授摔馬 達35亦是藉由電源供應器20控制’攪拌馬達3 5延伸有一金 屬攪拌棒36，此金屬攪拌棒36係穿過上方波導管34，並經 由上蓋板11上之一微波饋入孔18延伸至萃取槽1〇内。又， 為滿足各種原料對微波饋入之需求，可將微波源3丨設置於 上方波導管34，並將金屬攪拌棒36用作為一微波天線，俾 令微波源31所產生之微波可經由上方波導管34引導至金屬 117794-990301.doc 1326765 攪拌棒36,並經由上蓋板n之微波饋入口 18饋入至萃取槽 10内。 本發明之微波加速萃取設備於使用時，係先將待萃取之 原料（如中草藥或食品原料）經上蓋板丨丨之入料蓋〗4置入萃 取槽10中，然後依據原料的特性，經由萃取槽1 〇之一進水 閥19將一定比例之溶劑或水注入萃取槽1〇中，以對原料進 行初步濕潤。接者透過電源供應器2〇啟動微波源31產生微 波，並利用微波加熱的效果將濕潤後的原料加熱，然後再 注入一定量的溶劑，再藉由電源供應器20啟動攪拌馬達 35，攪拌馬達35即帶動金屬攪拌棒36在萃取槽1〇内攪拌原 料及溶劑，以利微波萃取。待萃取完畢後，萃取液先透過 設置於萃取槽1〇底部之微波防洩濾網37進行初步之過濾， 然後再經由出料口 17流出萃取槽1〇。過濾出的原料殘渣， 則可藉由打開扣板16而開啟下蓋板12，從而將殘渣取出’ 即完成微波萃取。 综上所述’本發明之微波萃取設備所萃取之物質材料可 為但不限於中草藥或是食品原料，在將待萃取之原料粉碎 之後，依材料特性添加或不添加一定比例的溶劑進行潤 濕，之後利用微波加熱的效果，將潤濕後的原料進行微波 加熱數分鐘，再倒入一定體積的溶劑，攪拌數分鐘之後過 濾、浪縮、收集萃取物進行分析。其原理是利用微波穿透 的特性，由產品内部加熱，讓潤濕的原料在吸收微波之後 產生熱能’ 一些機能成分吸收能量之後被活化，接下來在 大量的溶劑浸泡之下，這些成分因熱交換而同時溶解到溶 117794-990301.doc •10- 1326765 劑中。與傳統的萃取方法相比，由於要加熱的溶劑體積變 少’因此加熱速率變快，另外由於加熱時間短，可以防止 過長的加熱時間導致化合物的氧化或衰變，因此具有良好 的萃取效果。另外可以搭配不同的後處理方法，結合其他 的萃取方法如超音波萃取或是超臨界萃取等一些常用的萃 取方法可以應用到不同類型的原料的萃取。 雖然本文中已敘述有關本發明之該等較佳實施例，但對 φ 熟悉本藝之人士顯而可知，各種變更與修改均可在不脫離 本發明下被進行；因此，本發明意欲在所附請求項中涵罢 所有均在於本發明之真正精神與範圍内的該等變更與= 【圖式簡單說明】 • 圖1所不係為本發明微波加速萃取設備之結構示意圖. 圖2所示係為萃取槽之前視圖； 〜β， 圖3所示係為萃取槽之後視圖；以及 籲 目4所不係為萃取槽之剖面構造示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 萃取槽 11 上蓋板 12 下蓋板 13 微波止洩條 14 入料蓋 15 偶合〇 16 扣板 117794-99030I.doc 1326765 17 出料口 18 微波饋入口 19 進水閥 20 電源供應Ιι 21 台座 31 微波源 32 側向波導管 33 進排氣風扇 34 上方波導管 35 攪拌馬達 36 金屬攪拌棒 37 微波防洩濾網 117794-990301.doc -12-IX. INSTRUCTIONS: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a microwave accelerated extraction apparatus, and more particularly to a feature of utilizing microwave extraction to cause microwaves to penetrate an internal tissue of an extraction object, since the internal tissue contains water molecules The tissue expands due to heat, causing subtle damage, and combined with the latter stage of agitation extraction to take advantage of the instantaneous large amount of heat conduction effect, under the two action mechanisms to achieve the extraction efficiency of the microwave accelerated stroke. [Prior Art] Sample preparation is the most critical part of the sample analysis process, and extraction is the most common means of sample preparation. Traditional extraction techniques include Soxhlet extraction and agitation extraction, which have the disadvantages of time consuming, low extraction efficiency and poor reproducibility. With the development of science and technology, new extraction techniques have emerged, such as extraction methods such as ultrasonic extraction and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). However, due to the complexity of the above-mentioned technologies, high operating costs, and limited use, it is not widely used, and the microwave extraction (MAE) technology has suddenly emerged. Microwave extraction technology has better selectivity because it can separate the target component directly from the raw material, and microwave extraction is less restricted by solvent affinity, so there are more solvents to choose from. However, the current microwave extraction method uses microwave introduction and extraction as a heat source, and the effect is only to increase the solvent heating efficiency' but requires a large amount of energy, so that there is substantially no significant benefit to the industrial process. It can be seen that there are still many shortcomings in the current microwave extraction technology, which needs to be improved. 117794-990301 .doc 1326765 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a microwave accelerated extraction apparatus for improving the extraction rate of microwave extraction and shortening the extraction time. For the above purposes, the microwave accelerated extraction apparatus of the present invention utilizes the characteristics of microwave penetration to be heated internally by the product, so that the wetted raw material generates heat energy after absorbing microwaves, and some functional components are activated after absorbing energy, and then Under the immersion of a large amount of solvent, these components are simultaneously dissolved into the solvent due to heat exchange. Compared with the conventional extraction method, since the volume of the solvent to be heated becomes smaller, the heating rate becomes faster, and since the heating time is short, it can be prevented. Excessive heating time leads to oxidation or decay of the compound and therefore has a good extraction effect. The microwave accelerated extraction device of the present invention comprises an extraction tank for accommodating the raw material and solvent to be extracted, and the extraction tank is connected to a microwave source, and the microwave source is driven and controlled by a power supply to generate microwaves and feed to the extraction. In the slot. In order to meet the demand for microwave feeding of various raw materials, the present invention adopts a lateral slotted feeding method, directly feeds the upper coupling port, and feeds the microwave into the antenna by using a stirring rod. For example, the present invention can place a microwave source on an extraction tank and directly feed the microwave generated by the microwave source into the extraction tank by using one of the coupling ports on the extraction tank. The present invention can also provide a lateral waveguide on the side of the extraction tank and a microwave source in the lateral waveguide so that microwaves can be fed into the extraction tank from the lateral waveguide & The invention can also provide an upper waveguide S on the extraction tank, and the microwave source is disposed on the upper waveguide, and the upper waveguide is connected to a metal stirring rod of a stirring motor, and the metal stirring rod system extends to the extraction tank 117794- 990301.do. 1326765 The 'Ming Ding microwave can be fed into the trough through the ancient., the priest ^1 „ aa; ,, ft ,,. Tian Shang Wandu guide and metal stir bar. [Embodiment] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S) The present invention is described with reference to the drawings, which are used to represent corresponding elements. Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the microwave accelerated extraction apparatus of the present invention; The view shows the rear view of the extraction tank. As shown in the drawing, the microwave accelerated extraction apparatus of the present invention comprises an extraction tank 10, a microwave generating device (microwave source 31) and a power supply unit 2''. The extraction tank 1 is used to hold the raw materials and the solvent, the microwave generating device is used to generate microwaves to the extraction tank 10 for extraction, and the power supply 2 is used to drive the microwave generating device to generate microwaves. Shown before The extraction tank 1 can be erected on a pedestal 2 ι to facilitate the operation of the user. The extraction tank 10 includes an upper cover 丨 and a lower cover 12 ′ and the extraction tank 1 〇 tank and upper cover u And a joint of the lower cover 12 is provided with a microwave stop strip 13 (refer to Fig. 4), thereby preventing leakage of microwaves in the extraction tank. The upper cover 1 has an inlet cover 4 and a coupling port. 5. The feed cover 14 can be designed as a top-loading feed cover, so that the user can insert the raw material to be extracted into the extraction tank 1 through the feed cover 14. The feed cover 14 can have a The glass window allows the user to observe the inside of the extraction tank 10 through the glass window. In addition, the 'glass window is provided with a metal mesh (not shown) to prevent microwave leakage. The lower cover 12 is supported by the gusset 16 is fixed to the extraction tank 10'. The lower cover 12 has a discharge port 17, and the discharge port 17 can be a ball valve type discharge port, so that the extract liquid in the extraction tank 10 can pass through the 117794- 990301 _doc -8- 1326765 The material port 17 flows out. The microwave generating device includes a microwave source 3丨, and the microwave source is arranged It is placed above the extraction tank 1 and extends into the extraction tank 1 through the coupling port 15 of the extraction tank 1 , so that the microwave generated by the microwave source 31 can be directly fed into the extraction tank 1 from above. The microwave source 31 is driven by a power supply, so that the user can control the output power and operation time of the microwave source 3 through the power supply 2. The other embodiment is shown in FIG. In addition, the microwave generating device of the present invention is further provided with a microwave feeding device, which can be provided with a lateral waveguide 3 2 on the side of the tank of the extraction tank 10, and the microwave source 3 t is disposed in the lateral wave. The conduit 32, which is a square metal tube extending into the extraction tank 10, and which improves the uniformity of microwave feeding, is a slotted waveguide. When in use, the microwave generated by the microwave source 3丨 can be fed into the extraction tank 1 through the lateral waveguide 32. In addition, the lateral waveguide 32 can be electrically connected to an intake and exhaust fan 33, so that the fan 33 can add or discharge hot and cold gas in the extraction tank 10. Furthermore, the microwave production-generation device is further provided with an upper waveguide 34 on the extraction tank 10, and an agitating motor 35 on the upper waveguide 34. The control motor 35 is also controlled by the power supply 20 The agitating motor 35 extends with a metal stir bar 36 which passes through the upper waveguide 34 and extends into the extraction tank 1 through one of the microwave feed holes 18 in the upper cover 11. Moreover, in order to meet the demand for microwave feeding of various raw materials, the microwave source 3 can be disposed in the upper waveguide 34, and the metal stirring rod 36 can be used as a microwave antenna, so that the microwave generated by the microwave source 31 can be passed through The upper waveguide 34 is directed to a metal 117794-990301.doc 1326765 stir bar 36 and fed into the extraction tank 10 via a microwave feed inlet 18 of the upper cover n. When the microwave accelerated extraction device of the present invention is used, the raw material to be extracted (such as Chinese herbal medicine or food raw material) is first placed in the extraction tank 10 through the inlet cover of the upper cover, and then according to the characteristics of the raw material, A certain proportion of solvent or water is injected into the extraction tank through a water inlet valve 19 of the extraction tank 1 to initially wet the raw material. The receiver activates the microwave source 31 to generate microwaves through the power supply 2, and heats the wetted material by the effect of microwave heating, and then injects a certain amount of solvent, and then starts the stirring motor 35 by the power supply 20 to agitate the motor. 35, the metal stir bar 36 is driven to stir the raw materials and the solvent in the extraction tank 1 to facilitate microwave extraction. After the extraction is completed, the extract is firstly filtered through a microwave anti-leakage filter 37 disposed at the bottom of the extraction tank 1 and then discharged out of the extraction tank 1 through the discharge port 17. The filtered raw material residue can be opened by opening the gusset 16 to open the lower cover 12 to remove the residue. In summary, the material extracted by the microwave extraction device of the present invention may be, but not limited to, a Chinese herbal medicine or a food material. After the raw material to be extracted is pulverized, the solvent is added with or without a certain proportion of the solvent. Then, using the effect of microwave heating, the wetted raw material is subjected to microwave heating for several minutes, and then a certain volume of solvent is poured. After stirring for several minutes, the mixture is filtered, shaken, and the extract is collected for analysis. The principle is to use the characteristics of microwave penetration, which is heated by the internal heating of the product, so that the wetted raw material generates heat after absorbing microwaves. Some functional components are activated after absorbing energy, and then under a large amount of solvent immersion, these components are heated. Exchange and dissolve into the solution 117794-990301.doc •10-1326765. Compared with the conventional extraction method, since the volume of the solvent to be heated is reduced, the heating rate is increased, and since the heating time is short, excessive heating time can be prevented to cause oxidation or decay of the compound, and thus a good extraction effect is obtained. In addition, different post-treatment methods can be combined with other extraction methods such as ultrasonic extraction or supercritical extraction to apply to different types of raw materials. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described herein, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the invention; therefore, the present invention is intended to be The accompanying claims are all within the true spirit and scope of the present invention, and the following is a schematic diagram of the structure of the microwave accelerated extraction apparatus of the present invention. It is the front view of the extraction tank; ~β, Figure 3 shows the rear view of the extraction tank; and the schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the extraction tank. [Main component symbol description] 10 Extraction tank 11 Upper cover 12 Lower cover 13 Microwave stop strip 14 Inlet cover 15 Coupling 16 Snap plate 117794-99030I.doc 1326765 17 Discharge port 18 Microwave feed inlet 19 Inlet valve 20 Power supply Ιι 21 pedestal 31 Microwave source 32 Lateral waveguide 33 Intake and exhaust fan 34 Upper waveguide 35 Stirring motor 36 Metal stir bar 37 Microwave vent filter 117794-990301.doc -12-