1325680 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係-種線切割放電加工控制電路，尤其是^ 一種線切割放電加工精修電源控制電路。 、 【先前技術】 當今科技發展之趨勢乃是朝向微小化與精密化發展， 而放電加工技術因具有高精度、無殘留應力、能進行深孔 及偏僻角隅力…良好的三維加工能力等優點，相當適八 用於：密模具與微型元件加工。由於_般放電加工機皆是 =用單一極性來進行放電加1 ’但是在單一極性的持續玫 電下’會因為工作電壓的關係，使得絕緣加工液（去離子 水）產生電解作用，而此一電解現象會造成變質層厚度增 加、加工件表面產生劣化以及加工精度變差的影響，心 降低加工品質以及加工件壽命。 月 > 考第七圖，為一般採用直流方式的放電加工攻 :電源系統配置；如該圖所示，該放電加工直流放電· 動'電晶體脈波控制電路（5〇)、一電晶體: 晶及一直流放電迴路（6 0 )，其中該電 輪出π連：路（7 〇)與該電晶體脈波控制電路（5 0) 广二接，該直流放電迴…0)與電晶體驅動電路 〈Γ 〇)的輪出端連接。 路（5 〇 ;考第八Α圖’該第八Α圖為電晶體脈波控制電 包含-除^系統圖，料晶體脈波控制電路（5 0)係 …、早元（5 2 )、一組合邏輯單元（5 4 )以及 5 丄J厶 —計數器單元（5 出端連接於計數器，其中，該除頻單元（52)的輸 邏輯單元（“早70 (56)的輸入端；另外，該組合 另一輸入端。該h的ί出端連接該計數器單元（5 6)的 器（未顯示於心)員：…：）：接收來自-石英振堡 組合邏輯單元(5 ，％脈仏唬（5 2 2 )，而該 依據所輸入的放電夫數广訊號為一放電參數(5 4 2 ); 使該計數器單元（；6 5乂 2)及時脈信號（5 2 2 )， r P D , , J屋生兩互為反相的脈波控制訊號 广丄）及（Ppq、 2 )，兩脈波控制訊號（p p i )及 (2)的輸出波形如第八B圖所示。 2圖為該直流放電迴路（60)的詳細電路 直流放電迴路（6〇)包含兩個電晶體（M8、M9)、 —限流電阻（R 3 )以；9 4 ,士& 電晶體兩 (1 2 3 )的閘極係分別連接該電晶體驅 6 1 〇 )的輸出端’其中電晶體（M8 )的沒極透 過一二極體（D i )順向連接至電源（v工）的正端，而 電晶體9)的源極係透過1流電阻（R4)與電源 2 (V 1 )負端連接’而電晶體（M8 )的源極、電晶體⑶' 9)的汲極之間係連接一限流電阻（R3)。該電源（v 1 )負端係連接至電極（8 〇 )’可藉由放電方式對一加 工件（8 1 )進行放電加工’該加工件（8丄）即 晶體（M9)的源極。 3 請交互參考第八八、第八B圖及第九圖，前述,… 成之放電加工直流放電電源的電路運作流程說明如下：心 1325680 該放電參數（5 4 2 )及時脈信號（5 2 2 )透過該 電晶體脈波控棄|丨$ 0 / t t γ 利包路（5 0 )產生该脈波控制訊號（p p 1 )及（P p 2 )，該脈波控制訊號（p p丄）及（p p 2:分別作為電晶冑（M8 )及（M9 )的控制訊號以控 制该電晶體（Μ 8 )與（μ 9 )的導通時間。 於進行放電加工時，該脈波控制訊號（ρ ρ丄）開啟 電晶體（Μ8 )電源（V 1 )提供迴路電源，-間隙電歷 (vgi)以及一放電電流（Igl)形成於該電極（8 〇 )及 加工件（8 i )之間，以對該加工件（8 2 )進行加工， 其中電晶體i ( Μ 8 )導通的時間定義為放電持續時間 (onl) 4放電持續時間（⑽！）包含—放電延遲時間 (⑷與-放電時間（te) ’該放電延遲時間（⑷為電 晶體（M 8 )導通至開始放電的時間，該放電時間…） 為實際放電的時間·而兮, 了间，而該電晶體（Μ 8 )關閉的時間定義 為一放電休止時間（toff )。 於進行茂流時可將電極與加工件的殘餘能量消去，立 作法係關閉電晶體（M8) A導通電晶體（MS)，利用 茂流電阻（R4)將電極（8〇)及加工件 殘留能量消去。 該限流電阻（R 1彳·5Γ + i d ) 了用來调整該放電電流（j ) 小與間隙電壓（Vgl )上井的φ ^ ^ 升的斜率，其中，放電電流的強弱 決定了放電的速率與品質，而浪流電阻（R4 變間隙電壓（Vgl)的下降斜率。 來改 由於線切割放電力σ _T . 电加工機係使用去離子水作為絕緣加工 7 液，電極（8 CM , ^ 加工件（8 1 )以及絕緣加工汸,, 工蚪會長期處於單一朽w τ 力工液在加 M ,, 極性下，因此會對絕緣加工液產生^ 解而造成加工件Γβι、— 狀压王电 rfe * - Λ )腐姓現象，例如鈦合金加ι# & 變為監色、含鐵材料加金加工表面 產生微裂縫及微破穿 81)表面 鉍進而降低加工件壽命等缺點。 【發明内容】 為改善前述直、、* K泰， 、 机放电加工使電極、加工件 工液在加工時合县南 及、浥，，彖力口 叶曰長期處於單一極性下，因此合 液產生電解而袢士上 曰對系巴緣加工 解“成加工件腐蝕現象，而降低 缺點，本發明係提出— 午可〒之 路，其係包含： 、.“割放電加工精修電源控制電 主控制器，係可供机 定驅動時間； …放電參數，依照放電參數决 —電晶體驅動電路’係連接 大該主”丨器之輸出訊號；以及 '輸出^ 一交流放電迴路，技、* > 端，其係包含一交電、接至該電晶體驅動電路輸出 放電迴路係與一電源並 〜 加工件之兩端並接，…？：,魏電極與〜 之直流輸入，使該電極放電驅動電路轉換該電療 化，該茂流迴路提"電心件之兩…電極性交替變 Μ5玄電極與加工件洩除放電殘餘電力β ”中，該主控制器係另包含： —^、頻α ’ 6玄除頻器的輸人訊號為-時脈輸入； 一計數器，該計數器與該除頻器輸出端連接；及 1325680 •也分遯輯單元 放電參數進行設定，該組合邏輯 “ @可接受- .x 璉輯早70的輸出端連接該計數 而遠計數器則依據該時脈輸入及該放電參數，輸出_ 電晶體脈波控制訊號。 其中，該電晶體驅動電路係另包含： 庫，合電路，係連接該主控制器之輸出#，作為反 二控制器至該電晶體驅動電路的檢知訊號 知訊號予以輸出； 細 电壓放大電路’係連接該光耦合電路的輸出端，以 放大該光耦合電路的訊號電壓；及 -信號放大電路，係連接該電壓放大電路的輸出端， 其輸出端則連接至該流放電驅動電路及㈣流迴路。 藉由上述之技術手段，本發明之線切割放電加工精修 :源控制電路’利用該交流放電迴路使原直流之放電電源 變為交流電源，可進行正極與負極交互變化之放電加工， 肜成一放電總電壓趨近於零的放電加工方式，使加工件於 ,夺不處於單一極性之狀況，故絕緣加工液幾乎不產生 電解’進而不會對加工件造成傷害，達成精修放電加工之 目的。 【實施方式】 ’該線切割放電加工精修 工〇) ' —電晶體驅動電 (30)，該電晶體驅動 圖一為本發明之較佳實施例 電源控制電路包含—主控制器（ 路（2 0 )以及一交流放電迴路 9 電路（2 0 )、 放電迴路（3 ::妾於主控制器（1 0 )之輸出端，該交流 參考第 連接至該電晶體驅動電路之輸出端。 頻器（12ΓΑ、二B圖’該主控制器（icn包含—除 …該除二組合邏輯單元（14)以及-計數器（1、 的輸入端，1 2 )之輸出端連接至該計數器（1 6 ) 計數器（1:;且合邏輯單元（“）繼端則連接於該 上、1 6 )的輸入端。 、及 而兮：二頻益（1 2 )輸入訊號為-時脈輸入（1 2 2 ) 42) :(14)的輸入訊號為-敌電參數（1 的控制，使……。 參數（1 4 2 ) οχ控制器（1 〇 )的輸出為一電曰w 制訊號（P ·!、 / 兒日日體脈波控1325680 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a wire-cut electrical discharge machining control circuit, and more particularly to a wire-cut electrical discharge machining precision power supply control circuit. [Prior Art] The trend of today's technology development is toward miniaturization and precision development. The EDM technology has the advantages of high precision, no residual stress, deep hole and remote corner force... good 3D processing capability. , quite suitable for eight: dense mold and micro component processing. Since the electric discharge machine is the same as the discharge with a single polarity plus 1 'but in the continuous polarity of a single polarity', the insulating working fluid (deionized water) will be electrolyzed due to the working voltage. An electrolysis phenomenon causes an increase in the thickness of the altered layer, deterioration of the surface of the workpiece, and deterioration of the processing accuracy, and the heart reduces the processing quality and the life of the workpiece. Month> The seventh picture is for the general-purpose DC machining process: power system configuration; as shown in the figure, the discharge machining DC discharge · dynamic 'transistor pulse wave control circuit (5 〇), a transistor : Crystal and DC discharge circuit (60), wherein the electric wheel is connected to π: the road (7 〇) and the transistor pulse wave control circuit (50) are connected, the DC discharge is back to 0... The wheel drive terminal of the crystal drive circuit (Γ 〇) is connected. Road (5 〇; test the eighth picture 'The eighth picture is the transistor pulse wave control electric contains - except ^ system diagram, the material crystal pulse wave control circuit (50) is..., early element (5 2), a combination logic unit (5 4 ) and a 5 丄J厶-counter unit (5 is connected to the counter, wherein the input unit of the frequency division unit (52) (the input of the early 70 (56); The other input end of the combination. The output terminal of the h is connected to the counter unit (5 6) (not shown in the heart): ...:): receiving from the quartz quartz combination logic unit (5, % pulse唬(5 2 2 ), and the discharge signal according to the input number is a discharge parameter (5 4 2 ); making the counter unit (; 6 5乂2) timely pulse signal (5 2 2 ), r PD , , J, and the output waveforms of the two pulse control signals (ppi) and (2) are shown in Figure 8B. The detailed circuit DC discharge circuit (6〇) for the DC discharge circuit (60) includes two transistors (M8, M9), a current limiting resistor (R 3 ) to; 9 4 , and a transistor (two) The gates of 1 2 3 ) are respectively connected to the output end of the transistor driver 6 1 〇), wherein the pole of the transistor (M8) is connected to the power source (v) through a diode (D i ) The positive terminal, and the source of the transistor 9) is connected to the negative terminal of the power source 2 (V 1 ) through the 1-flow resistor (R4) and the source of the transistor (M8) and the drain of the transistor (3)' 9) The current is connected to a current limiting resistor (R3). The negative terminal of the power supply (v 1 ) is connected to the electrode (8 〇)', and a machining member (8 1 ) can be electrically discharged by a discharge method.丄) is the source of the crystal (M9). 3 Please refer to the eighth, eighth, and ninth diagrams. The above,... The circuit operation process of the DC machining power supply is as follows: Heart 1325680 The discharge parameter (5 4 2 ) The pulse signal (5 2 2 ) is transmitted through the transistor pulse wave control | 丨 $ 0 / tt γ 包 包 包 (5 0 ) generates the pulse wave control signal (pp 1 ) and (P p 2 The pulse control signals (pp丄) and (pp 2: control signals for the transistors (M8) and (M9), respectively, to control the conduction time of the transistors (Μ 8 ) and (μ 9 ). During the electrical discharge machining, the pulse wave control signal (ρ ρ 丄) turns on the transistor (Μ 8 ) power supply (V 1 ) to provide a loop power supply, and a gap electrical calendar (vgi) and a discharge current (Igl) are formed on the electrode (8). Between the workpiece and the workpiece (8 i ), the workpiece (8 2 ) is processed, and the time during which the transistor i ( Μ 8 ) is turned on is defined as the discharge duration (onl) 4 discharge duration ((10)! Included - discharge delay time ((4) and - discharge time (te) 'The discharge delay time ((4) is the time when the transistor (M 8 ) is turned on to start discharge, the discharge time...) is the time of actual discharge · The time during which the transistor (Μ 8 ) is turned off is defined as a discharge quiescent time (toff). The residual energy of the electrode and the workpiece can be eliminated during the flow, and the vertical system (M8) A is closed. The conduction current crystal (MS) is used to remove the residual energy of the electrode (8〇) and the workpiece by the flow resistance (R4). The current limiting resistor (R 1彳·5Γ + id ) is used to adjust the discharge current (j). The slope of φ ^ ^ liter of the well and the gap voltage (Vgl ), wherein the strength of the discharge current determines the rate and quality of the discharge, and the slope resistance of the surge resistor (R4 variable gap voltage (Vgl). Cutting discharge force σ _T . The electric processing machine uses deionized water as the insulating processing 7 liquid, the electrode (8 CM , ^ machining part (8 1 ) and the insulation processing 汸, the work 蚪 will be in a single decay w τ hydraulic liquid for a long time. Under the addition of M,, the polarity, so it will be insulated The working fluid is generated to solve the problem, and the workpiece Γβι, - 状压王电 rfe * - Λ) 腐 现象 , phenomenon, such as titanium alloy plus ι# & change to color, iron-containing material plus gold processing surface to produce micro-cracks and micro Breaking through 81) surface defects and thus reducing the life of the workpiece. [Summary of the Invention] In order to improve the above-mentioned straight, * K Thai, and machine electrical discharge machining, the electrode and the working fluid are processed in the county and the south, and彖力口叶曰 has been in a single polarity for a long time, so the electrolysis produces electrolysis and the gentleman's upper sputum solves the problem of corrosion of the processed parts, and reduces the disadvantages. The present invention proposes a noon road. The system includes: , "cutting electrical discharge machining precision power control electric main controller, is available for the scheduled driving time; ... discharge parameters, according to the discharge parameters - the transistor drive circuit 'connects the main" the output of the device Signal; and 'output ^ an AC discharge circuit, technology, * > end, which includes a power supply, connected to the transistor drive circuit output discharge circuit system and a power supply and ~ processing parts are connected at both ends, ... ?:, Wei Electric And the DC input, so that the electrode discharge driving circuit converts the electrotherapy, and the pumping circuit extracts two electric poles... the alternating polarity of the electrode 5 and the processing part discharges the residual electric power β ” The main controller system further includes: -^, frequency α '6 input signal of the mystical frequency divider is - clock input; a counter, the counter is connected with the output of the frequency divider; and 1325680 The discharge parameter is set, and the combination logic "@ acceptable - .x 琏 early 70 is connected to the output and the far counter is based on the clock input and the discharge parameter, and outputs a _ transistor pulse wave control signal. Wherein, the transistor driving circuit further comprises: a library, a circuit, and an output # connected to the main controller, and outputting the detection signal signal of the second controller to the transistor driving circuit; the fine voltage amplifying circuit 'connecting the output end of the optical coupling circuit to amplify the signal voltage of the optical coupling circuit; and - the signal amplifying circuit is connected to the output end of the voltage amplifying circuit, and the output end thereof is connected to the current discharging driving circuit and (4) Flow loop. According to the above technical means, the wire cutting electric discharge machining of the present invention is refined: the source control circuit uses the AC discharge circuit to change the discharge power of the original direct current into an alternating current power source, and the electric discharge machining in which the positive electrode and the negative electrode are alternately changed can be performed. The discharge machining method in which the total discharge voltage approaches zero, so that the workpiece is not in a single polarity state, so the insulation machining liquid hardly generates electrolysis, and thus does not cause damage to the workpiece, and achieves the purpose of intensive electric discharge machining. . [Embodiment] 'The wire cutting electric discharge machining finishing work> '-transistor driving electric (30), the transistor driving picture 1 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power control circuit includes - the main controller (road ( 2 0 ) and an AC discharge circuit 9 circuit (20), a discharge circuit (3: 妾 at the output of the main controller (10), the AC reference is connected to the output of the transistor drive circuit. (12ΓΑ, 2B图' The main controller (icn contains - except... the divided two combined logic unit (14) and the output of the counter (1, input, 1 2) are connected to the counter (1 6 The counter (1:; and the logical unit (") is connected to the input of the upper, 16). And, the second frequency (1 2) input signal is - clock input (1 2) 2) 42) : (14) The input signal is - enemy power parameter (1 control, make .... parameter (1 4 2) οχ controller (1 〇) output is an electric 曰 w signal (P · !, / Child day and day pulse control
n〜（： (P6) ’該電晶體脈波控制訊號（P ^ b )的輸出脈波圖形如第二；B圖所示。 光第三圖，該電晶體驅動電㉟（2〇)係包含- 電路（22)、一電壓放大電路（2 號放大電路（9 )以及一信 电路（2 6 )，其中，光搞合電路（ 端與該主控制器（10)連接，該光耗合電路心輸, 該電壓放大電路（24)連接，該電壓放大電1 、乙4 )的輸出端與該信號放大電路（2 6 ^ ^ 4* ^Βν 連接，而該 =:電路(26)的輸出端則與該交流敌電迴路(3 請參考第四圖，該交流放電迴路（3 〇 )， 流放電驅動電路（3 2 )以及一茂流 包含-交 作、、乜此 崎、05 4 ) ，jl中， 6玄乂 玫電驅動料（3 2 )包含 ' lu正/瓜电晶體(Μ工 1325680 〜M4)、-個限流電阻（R1)以及—個放電電容（c厂 5亥四個整流電晶體（Μ 1 )〜（M 4、 干 L Μ 4 )係形成一橋式整流 '路’其中該橋式整流電路與-電源（V)並聯。整流電 晶體（M2) (Ml)係、串接形成橋式整流電路的左臂， 其串接節點係串接該限流電⑯（R i )後連接至一 (41) ’整流電晶體（M3)(M4)得串接形成橋 整流電路的右臂’纟串接節點係連接至一電極（4 〇 ) ' 6玄放電電容（C )的兩端係分別連接該電極（4 〇 )及加 工件（4 1 )，而該電極（4 〇 )及該加工件（4丄）° 間具有-微間隔，而允許產生放電效果。料流迴路^ 4)包含二㈣流電晶體（M5)、（M6)以及 流電阻（R2) ’繼電晶體（M5) 、 （M6)之: 極與汲極相反並聯，之後與該泡流電⑯（R 2 )串聯，串 聯之後的洩流電阻（R 2 )與洩流電晶體（M 5 ) 、（ Μ 6)與該放電電容（c)並聯。 β月再參考第二β圖及第三圖，該主控制器（丄〇)的 輸出為電晶體脈波控制訊號（Ρ丄）〜（Ρ 6 ),其坡形 如第二圖所示；該電晶體脈波控制訊號（ρ丄）〜（ρ 6 ) 的電壓大小約為五伏特左右，由於不足以直接驅動電晶 歧，故將該電晶體脈波控制訊號（ρ 1 )〜（ρ 6 )輪入 至邊電晶體驅動電路（2 〇 )，先利用該電晶體驅動電路 (2 0 )内部的光耦合電路（2 2 )隔絕該電晶體脈波控 制讯號（Ρ 1 )〜（Ρ 6 )與其他迴路之間的干擾，之後， 再利用該電麼放大電路（2 4)及信號放大電路（2 6 ) 11 1325680 將該電晶體脈波控制訊號（P 1 )〜（p 6 )之訊號加以 放大’使放大後的該電晶體脈波控制訊號（P 1 )〜（P 、 6 )可以分別驅動該四個整流電晶體（Μ 1 )〜（Μ 4 ) : 及該洩流電晶體（Μ 5 ) 、（ Μ 6 )，而可控制該整流電 晶體（Μ 1 )〜（μ 4 )及該洩流電晶體（Μ 5 ) 、（ Μ 6 )的開關時機》 該電晶體脈波控制訊號（p 1 )〜（P 6 )進一步可 φ 分為四種不同的波形’其中，該電晶體脈波控制訊號（P 1 )與（P 3 )週期相同、電晶體脈波控制訊號（p 2 ) 與（P 4 )週期相同，且，電晶體脈波控制訊號以（p 1 ) ' (p 5 ) 、（ p 2 ) 、（ P 6 )的順序形成一循環週期， 亦即，當電晶體脈波控制訊號（p i )與（p 3 )處於高 電壓準位時，其餘電晶體脈波控制訊號（p 5 ) 、（ p 2 ) 與（P 4 ) 、（ p 6 )則處於低電壓準位，接著當電晶體 脈波控制訊號（P i )與（P 3 )降回低電壓準位時，該 _ 電Ba體脈波控制訊號（P 5 )則由低電壓準位變為高電壓 準位’如此依此類推。 而電晶體脈波控制訊號（P i )與（p 3 )處於高電 壓準位的延續時間定義為一負極放電時間（tin)、電晶體 脈波控制號（p 5 )處於高電壓準位的延續時間定義為 —負極洩流時間（ton)、電晶體脈波控制訊號（P 2 )盥 (P 4)處於高„準位的延續時間定義為—正極放電時 間（tip)以及該電晶體脈波控制訊號"處於高電壓準位 的延續時Μ義為-正㈣流時間（tGp)，其中該負極 12 1325680 放電時關 f + .、 (tln)為Ml與Μ 3的導通時間；正極放電 1ρ)為Μ 2與Μ 4的導通時間、負極洩流時間.Β 為Μ5的導·ϋΒ 士 t〇n) •導、T間，正極洩流時間（top) *M6的導 曰，而透過該電晶體脈波控制訊號（p 才 出至該交产妨+、 〈 p 6 )輸 (v、 放％迴路（3〇)，可獲得對應之-間隙電碎 以及一放電電流（Ig),該間隙電壓 放電雷户r T „、h g ^以及s亥 冤机（Ig)輸出至該電極（4 〇 )及加工件（4丄）。 …為更詳細說明本較佳實施例所示電路圖的電路動作， ^電路動作可細分為四個步驟，$負極放電、負極放電& -、正極放電以及正極放電洩流，分別將各個步驟的電路 動作說明如下： 1 ·負極放電 。月參考第一 B圖及第五A圖，該電晶體脈波控制訊號 (P 1 )與（P 3 ).驅使整流電晶體（M丄）與（M 3 ) 、電源（v)提供1 1 〇伏特的直流電壓，經限流電 阻（R1) ’使間隙電壓開始上升，當電壓上升至足夠使 電極（4 0 ) A加工件（4工）之間的絕緣加工液（未示 於圖令）之絕緣狀態破壞時，該放電電流（lg)開始產生， 形成負極放電。 2 ·負極放電洩流 請參考第五B圖，該電晶體脈波控制訊號（p 5 )驅 使:¾流電晶體（M5)導通，與該，;矣流電…2)形成 匕路此％ β亥間隙電壓（Vg)開始回復至零電壓使絕 緣加工液在下一次放電加工前恢復絕緣特性。 13 1325680 3 ·正極放電 請參考第六AH，該電晶體脈波控制訊號（p 2 )與 (P 4 )驅使整流電晶n (M 2 )與（M 4 )導通，電源 (V )提供1 1 0伏特的直流電壓，經限流電阻（R丄）， 此日寸该間隙電| ( Vg)開始上升，當電壓上升至足夠使電 極（4 0 )及加工# ( 4 i )之間的絕緣加工液之絕緣狀 態破壞時，該放電電流（Ig)開始產生，造成正極性放電。n~(: (P6) 'The output pulse pattern of the transistor pulse wave control signal (P ^ b ) is as shown in the second; B is shown in Fig. 3. The third picture of the transistor is driven by the transistor 35 (2〇) Including - a circuit (22), a voltage amplifying circuit (amplifier circuit 2 (9), and a signal circuit (2 6), wherein the light engaging circuit (end is connected to the main controller (10), the light is constrained The circuit is connected, the voltage amplifying circuit (24) is connected, and the output of the voltage amplifying circuit 1 and B) is connected to the signal amplifying circuit (2 6 ^ ^ 4* ^ Β ν, and the =: circuit (26) The output end is connected to the AC enemy circuit (3, please refer to the fourth picture, the AC discharge circuit (3 〇), the current discharge drive circuit (3 2 ) and the one-flow flow-to, 乜,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, , jl, 6 Xuan Zang rose electric drive material (3 2 ) contains 'lu positive / melon crystal (complex 1325680 ~ M4), a current limiting resistor (R1) and a discharge capacitor (c factory 5 Hai four The rectifying transistors (Μ 1 )~(M 4, dry L Μ 4 ) form a bridge rectifier 'road' in which the bridge rectifier circuit is connected in parallel with the - power supply (V). The rectifying transistor (M2) (Ml) is The left arm of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected in series, and the series connection node is connected in series with the current limiting circuit 16 (R i ) and then connected to a (41) 'rectifying transistor (M3) (M4) to be connected in series to form a bridge rectifier. The right arm of the circuit is connected to an electrode (4 〇). 6 The two ends of the sinusoidal discharge capacitor (C) are respectively connected to the electrode (4 〇) and the workpiece (4 1 ), and the electrode ( 4 〇) and the workpiece (4丄) ° has a -micro-interval, allowing the discharge effect. The flow circuit ^ 4) contains two (four) flow transistors (M5), (M6) and flow resistance (R2) ' Relays (M5), (M6): The poles are connected in parallel with the drains, and then connected in series with the bubble current 16 (R 2 ). The drain resistors (R 2 ) and the drain transistors (M 5 ) after series connection ), ( Μ 6) is connected in parallel with the discharge capacitor (c). The β-month and then the second β-graph and the third diagram, the output of the main controller (丄〇) is the transistor pulse wave control signal (Ρ丄)~ (Ρ 6 ), the slope shape is as shown in the second figure; the voltage of the transistor pulse wave control signal (ρ丄)~(ρ 6 ) is about five volts, which is insufficient to directly drive the crystal Therefore, the transistor pulse wave control signals (ρ 1 ) to (ρ 6 ) are rotated into the edge transistor driving circuit (2 〇), and the optical coupling circuit inside the transistor driving circuit (20) is first used ( 2 2) Isolate the interference between the transistor pulse wave control signal (Ρ 1 )~(Ρ 6 ) and other circuits, and then use the power amplifier circuit (2 4) and the signal amplifying circuit (2 6 ) 11 1325680 Amplifies the signals of the pulse wave control signals (P 1 ) to (p 6 ) of the transistor 'to make the amplified pulse wave control signals (P 1 ) to (P , 6 ) of the transistors respectively drive the four a rectifying transistor (Μ 1 )~(Μ 4 ) : and the draining transistor (Μ 5 ), ( Μ 6 ), and controlling the rectifying transistor (Μ 1 ) to (μ 4 ) and the drain The switching timing of the transistors (Μ 5 ) and ( Μ 6 ) The transistor pulse wave control signals (p 1 ) to (P 6 ) can be further divided into four different waveforms, where the transistor pulse wave control The signal (P 1 ) is the same as the (P 3 ) period, the transistor pulse wave control signal (p 2 ) is the same as the (P 4 ) period, and the transistor pulse wave control signal The order of (p 1 ) ' (p 5 ) , ( p 2 ), ( P 6 ) forms a cycle, that is, when the transistor pulse wave control signals (pi ) and (p 3 ) are at a high voltage level The remaining transistor pulse wave control signals (p 5 ), ( p 2 ) and (P 4 ), ( p 6 ) are at a low voltage level, and then when the transistor pulse wave control signals (P i ) and (P 3 When the low voltage level is lowered, the _ electric Ba body pulse wave control signal (P 5 ) changes from a low voltage level to a high voltage level, and so on. The duration of the transistor pulse wave control signals (P i ) and (p 3 ) at the high voltage level is defined as a negative discharge time (tin) and a transistor pulse wave control number (p 5 ) at a high voltage level. The duration is defined as - the negative discharge time (ton), the transistor pulse wave control signal (P 2 ) 盥 (P 4) is at a high „ level of duration defined as — the positive discharge time (tip) and the transistor pulse The wave control signal " at the continuation of the high voltage level is defined as - positive (four) current time (tGp), wherein the negative 12 1325680 discharges off f + ., (tln) is the conduction time of M1 and Μ 3; The discharge 1ρ) is the conduction time of Μ 2 and Μ 4, and the discharge time of the negative electrode. Β is the guidance of Μ5 ϋΒ 〇 t)n) • between the conductance, T, and the discharge time of the positive electrode (top) *M6 Through the transistor pulse wave control signal (p only to the cross-border +, < p 6) input (v, release % loop (3 〇), the corresponding - gap electric shredding and a discharge current (Ig) can be obtained The gap voltage discharges the Thunder r T „, hg ^ and the sigma machine (Ig) output to the electrode (4 〇) and the workpiece (4 丄). ... To explain in more detail the circuit operation of the circuit diagram shown in the preferred embodiment, the circuit action can be subdivided into four steps, $negative discharge, negative discharge & -, positive discharge, and positive discharge discharge, respectively. The operation description is as follows: 1 · The negative electrode is discharged. The month refers to the first B and the fifth A, the transistor pulse wave control signals (P 1 ) and (P 3 ). drives the rectifying transistor (M丄) and (M 3 ), the power supply (v) provides a DC voltage of 1 〇V, and the current-limiting resistor (R1)' causes the gap voltage to rise, when the voltage rises enough to make the electrode (4 0 ) A between the workpieces (4 workers) When the insulation state of the insulating machining fluid (not shown in the figure) is broken, the discharge current (lg) starts to generate and the negative electrode discharge is formed. 2 · The negative discharge discharge is referred to the fifth B diagram, the transistor pulse wave control signal ( p 5 ) drive: 3⁄4 current transistor (M5) is turned on, and; 矣 current ... 2) forming a circuit. This % β 间隙 gap voltage (Vg) begins to return to zero voltage to make the insulating machining fluid before the next discharge machining Restore insulation properties. 13 1325680 3 · For positive discharge, please refer to the sixth AH. The transistor pulse wave control signals (p 2 ) and (P 4 ) drive the rectifier crystal n (M 2 ) and (M 4 ) to conduct, and the power supply (V) provides 1 The DC voltage of 10 volts is regulated by a current limiting resistor (R丄), and the gap current | (Vg) starts to rise when the voltage rises enough to make the electrode (40) and the processing #(4i) When the insulation state of the insulating working fluid is broken, the discharge current (Ig) starts to occur, causing a positive discharge.
4 .正極放電洩流 參考第六B圖，該電晶體脈波控制訊號（p 6 )驅使 戌*丨l电s日體（Μ 6 )導通，與該洩流電阻（r 2 )形成一 迴路，此時該間隙電壓（Vg)開始回復至零電壓，使絕緣 加工液在下一次放電加工前恢復絕緣特性。 ^另外，本實施例之限流電阻（R 1 )可用來調整放電 電流（ig)峄值大小與間隙電壓（Vg)上升的斜率，而該 洩流電阻（R 2 )可用來改變間隙電壓（Vg)的下降斜率， 如斜率之絕對值太大，也就等於放電休止時間（即放電電 流Ug)為零的時間）變長，將造成洩流時也會額外形成 放電現象，而易使間隙狀況不穩定。 該放電電容（C )可改變放電電流（Ig)的持續時間， 藉此可調整適用於精修加工之具備短脈衝型態之放電電流 波形；應用該放電參數設定（i 4 2 )可將正極與負極之 放電時間（及放電電流（I g ) 時間的比例調整為1 : η (其 適當的時間比例，可使放電發 不為零的時間）與放電休止 中11不等於1)，因為一個 生後，可有效地間歇性關閉 1325680 該電極（4 〇 )及加工件（4 Ί 1 )間外加電壓，使該電 極（4 〇 )及加工件（4 1 )之 ,,^ )之間的絕緣加工液之絕緣狀 態恢设，等待進行下一次的放雷— 狀 定加工。 放電仃為，如此可獲得持續穩 控制整流電晶體（Μ 1 )及r M q )4. Positive discharge discharge refers to the sixth B diagram, the transistor pulse wave control signal (p 6 ) drives the 戌*丨l electric s day body (Μ 6 ) to conduct, and forms a loop with the bleeder resistor (r 2 ) At this time, the gap voltage (Vg) starts to return to zero voltage, so that the insulating working fluid recovers the insulating property before the next electrical discharge machining. In addition, the current limiting resistor (R 1 ) of this embodiment can be used to adjust the slope of the discharge current (ig) 峄 value and the gap voltage (Vg), and the bleeder resistor (R 2 ) can be used to change the gap voltage ( The falling slope of Vg), if the absolute value of the slope is too large, is equal to the time when the discharge rest time (ie, the discharge current Ug is zero) becomes longer, and the discharge phenomenon will be additionally formed when the discharge is caused, and the gap is easily formed. The situation is unstable. The discharge capacitor (C) can change the duration of the discharge current (Ig), thereby adjusting the discharge current waveform of the short pulse type suitable for finishing processing; applying the discharge parameter setting (i 4 2 ) can be used for the positive electrode The ratio of the discharge time to the negative electrode (and the discharge current (I g ) time is adjusted to 1: η (the appropriate time ratio, which makes the discharge non-zero) and 11 in the discharge do not equal 1), because one After birth, the voltage between the electrode (4 〇) and the workpiece (4 Ί 1 ) can be effectively intermittently turned off to make the insulation between the electrode (4 〇) and the workpiece (4 1 ), ^ ) The insulation state of the machining fluid is restored, waiting for the next demineralization-formation process. The discharge 仃 is such that a continuously stable controlled rectifying transistor (Μ 1 ) and r M q ) can be obtained.
與整流電晶體（M Z )及（Μ 4 )的導通時間為相n 士 , )马相同k，由於正負極性$ 使該間隙電壓（Vg)的平均值趨近於零，θ此，達到抑制 =放電加工電解絕緣加工液的現象。並且，利用該茂 流電晶體（Μ 5 )與（Μ β )分別脾刍托也 f , )刀別將負極與正極放電加工 後之殘餘能量做洩流之動作， |承可避免因為共地而本實施 例内部電路損毁以及誤動作等 J阡哥It形發生，亦可確保下_ 放電不會受到先前放電殘餘能量之影響。 再者，當該正極放電時間（tlp)與負極放電時間（…） 較長時’間隙電壓的持續時間就長，而容易在同一個放電 週期内，造成多次的放電，因此要 口此蛋盡里调小；另外，將該 正極放電時間（t i )與負 只泣玟罨時間（tin)兩者的延遲 時間趨於相等，使兩極間之平 』〜卞叼冤丛趨於零，可達到較佳 的抗電解性能。 而該正極茂流時間（top)與負㈣流時間（t〇n)為 絕緣放電加工液的恢復絕緣時間，若太小會造成極間尚 未恢復絕緣又再次發生放電的狀況，若太大，&電脈波頻 率會變低，使加工速率降低；而該限流電阻（r工）值合 影響間隙電壓（Vg)上并n + Β v 上升斜率與放電電流（Ig)峰值，若 限流電阻（R 1 )值太大會使間帝 s丨又问丨承屯屋無法在所設定的正 1^25680 極放電時間“ip)與負極放電時間（tin)期間内，益去 達到破壞絕緣狀態的電壓，因而造成間隙電壓（Vg)過低’， 連帶使放電電流（Ig)無法達到最大值，易造成加工不穩 定；而該浪流電阻（R2)如過大，則會造成間隙電壓（… 下降斜率的降低，造成㈣流時也會產生放電的現象，使 得間隙電壓（Vg )狀況不穩定。 因此，本實施例係先找出適合的正極放電時間（衍㈧ 與負極放電時間（tin)，並調整該限流電阻（R工）’以 使間隙電壓㈤能在所設定的正極放電時間（tip)與負 極放電時間（tln)期間内，達成破壞絕緣所需的電壓，使 忒間隙電壓（Vg)能形成較高的放電電流（Ig)，而如上 述實施例揭露之方式，所獲得的放電電流（Ig)峰值約在 1 a至8 m之後’再調整$流電阻（r 2广使間 =電屬（vg)下降斜率盡量縮短而至歸零，以避免造成過 長的洩流時間。 最後，調整放電電容（〇大小，由於該放電電容（C) s影響到放電電流（ig)的持續時間，因此在選擇上必須 選擇較數值小之放電電容（c)，但是也不可太小否則 :產生寄生電容效應。舉例而言’可選用約工nF的放電 电谷（C )，其放電電流（ig)的持續時間大约為2 4 〇 n s左右。 據此，主控制器配合交流放電驅動電路與浅流電路， 。供電極及加工件的正負極性放電及洩流電路，主控制器 了精確控制正負極性之放電時間與放電休止時間，應用正 16 1325680 負極性交換之加工方式來使放電間隙的平均放電電壓趨近 於零，因此可抑制電解之發生，另外透過交流放電驅動= :之電阻與放電電容的適當調整可以產生低尖峰值與短放 電持續時間之放電電流，應用本發明可提供高旦 放電波形，進行精修放電加工作業。 b" 【圖式簡單說明】The conduction time with the rectifying transistors (MZ) and (Μ 4 ) is the same as that of the horse, and the horse is the same k. Since the positive and negative polarities make the average value of the gap voltage (Vg) approach zero, θ, the suppression is achieved = The phenomenon of electrical discharge machining of electrolytically insulating machining fluid. Moreover, by using the microfluidic crystal (Μ 5 ) and (Μ β ) respectively, the spleen is also f, the knife does not discharge the residual energy of the negative electrode and the positive electrode after discharge machining, and the However, the internal circuit damage and malfunction of the present embodiment occur, and it is also ensured that the lower _ discharge is not affected by the residual energy of the previous discharge. Furthermore, when the positive discharge time (tlp) and the negative discharge time (...) are long, the duration of the gap voltage is long, and it is easy to cause multiple discharges in the same discharge cycle, so it is necessary to dictate the egg. In addition, the delay time between the positive discharge time (ti ) and the negative only weeping time (tin) tends to be equal, so that the flat between the two poles tends to zero. Achieve better resistance to electrolysis. The positive magnetophoresis time (top) and the negative (four) flow time (t〇n) are the recovery insulation time of the insulating electrical discharge machining fluid. If it is too small, the state between the poles has not recovered and the discharge occurs again. If it is too large, & the frequency of the electrical pulse will be lower, which will reduce the processing rate; and the value of the current limiting resistor (r) will affect the gap voltage (Vg) and the rising slope of n + Β v and the peak of the discharge current (Ig), if If the value of the current resistance (R 1 ) is too large, it will be impossible to achieve the destruction of the insulation during the period of the positive discharge time "ip" and the negative discharge time (tin) of the positive 1^25680 pole discharge time (tin). The voltage of the state, thus causing the gap voltage (Vg) is too low', and the discharge current (Ig) cannot reach the maximum value, which is easy to cause processing instability; and if the surge resistor (R2) is too large, the gap voltage is caused ( ... the decrease of the falling slope causes the discharge to occur during the (four) flow, making the gap voltage (Vg) condition unstable. Therefore, in this embodiment, the suitable positive discharge time (derivative (eight) and negative discharge time (tin) is first found. ) and adjust the current limit (R) "In order to enable the gap voltage (f) to achieve the voltage required to break the insulation during the set period of the positive discharge time (tip) and the negative discharge time (tln), so that the gap voltage (Vg) can be formed higher. Discharge current (Ig), and as disclosed in the above embodiments, the obtained discharge current (Ig) peak is about 1 a to 8 m after 're-adjusting $ flow resistance (r 2 wide between = electricity) (vg The falling slope is shortened as much as possible to zero to avoid causing excessive drain time. Finally, adjust the discharge capacitance (〇 size, because the discharge capacitance (C) s affects the duration of the discharge current (ig), so The discharge capacitor (c) with a smaller value must be selected, but it should not be too small. Otherwise: a parasitic capacitance effect is generated. For example, 'discharge electric valley (C) with an approximate work nF, discharge current (ig) The duration is about 24 〇 ns. According to this, the main controller cooperates with the AC discharge drive circuit and the shallow current circuit, the positive and negative discharge and discharge circuit of the electrode and the workpiece, and the main controller precisely controls the positive and negative polarity. Discharge time and The discharge rest time is applied by the positive 16 1325680 negative polarity exchange processing method to make the average discharge voltage of the discharge gap close to zero, so that the occurrence of electrolysis can be suppressed, and the appropriate adjustment of the resistance and discharge capacitance through the AC discharge drive can be The discharge current is generated with a low peak value and a short discharge duration, and the present invention can provide a high-density discharge waveform for performing a fine electric discharge machining operation. b" [Simple description]
第一圖係為本發明線切割放電加工精修放電電源控制 電路之較佳實施例系統架構圖 第二A圖係為第一圖之局部系統方塊 第二B圖係為第一圖之控制波形與輸出訊號示意圖 第二圖係為第一圖之另一局部系統方塊圖 第四圖係為第一圖之第三局部電路圖 第五A圖係為第一圖之負極放電加工迴路示意圖 第五B圖係為第一圖之負極放電洩流迴路示意圖 第’、A圖係為第一圖之正極放電加工迴路示意圖 第六B圖係為第一圖之正極放電洩流迴路示意圖 第七圖係為一般放電加工電源控制電路系統方塊圖 第八圖係為一般放電加工電源控制電路之内部局 塊及控制波形示意圖 第九圖係為一般放電加工電源控制電路之使用架構圖 【主要元件符號說明】 (1 0 )主控制器 (1 2 )除頻器 17 1325680 (1 2 2 )時脈輸入 (14) (54)組合邏輯單元 (142) (542)放電參數 (1 6 )計數器 ( 2 0 ) ( 7 0 )電晶體驅動電路 (2 2 )光辆合電路 (24)電壓放大電路 (2 6 )信號放大電路 (3 0 )交流放電迴路 (3 2 )交流放電驅動電路 (3 4 )洩流迴路 ( 4 0 ) ( 8 0 )電極 (41) ( 8 1 )加工件 (5 0 )電晶體脈波控制電路 (5 2 )除頻單元 (5 2 2 )時脈 (5 6 )計數器單元 (6 0 )直流放電迴路 (C )放電電容 (D )二極體 (Ig) ( Igl )放電電流 (Μ 1 )〜（Μ 4 )整流電晶體 (Μ 8 ) ( Μ 9 )電晶體 (Μ 5 ) 、（ Μ 6 )洩流電晶體 18 1325680 (P 1 )〜（P 6 )電晶體脈波控制訊號 (P P 1 )〜（P P 2 )脈波控制訊號 '* ( R 1 ) ( R 3 )限流電阻 ： (R 2 ) ( R 4 )洩流電阻 (t i η )負極放電時間 (ton)負極洩流時間 (t i ρ )正極放電時間 (top )正極泡流時間 (t ο π 1 )放電持續時間 (td)放電延遲時間 (t e )放電時間 (t 〇 f f )放電休止時間 (V ) ( V 1 )電源 (Vg) ( Vgl )間隙電壓 19The first figure is a preferred embodiment of the wire-cut electrical discharge machining finishing discharge power control circuit of the present invention. The second system diagram is the partial system block of the first figure. The second B-picture is the control waveform of the first figure. The second diagram of the output signal diagram is another partial system block diagram of the first diagram. The fourth diagram is the third partial circuit diagram of the first diagram. The fifth diagram is the schematic diagram of the anode discharge machining circuit of the first diagram. The figure is the schematic diagram of the negative discharge discharge circuit of the first figure. The first diagram is the schematic diagram of the positive discharge machining circuit of the first figure. The sixth diagram is the schematic diagram of the positive discharge discharge circuit of the first diagram. General Electric Discharge Machining Power Control Circuit System Block Diagram The eighth diagram is the internal block and control waveform diagram of the general EDM power control circuit. The ninth diagram is the use of the general EDM power control circuit. [Main component symbol description] 1 0) Master controller (1 2 ) Frequency divider 17 1325680 (1 2 2 ) Clock input (14) (54) Combination logic unit (142) (542) Discharge parameter (1 6 ) Counter ( 2 0 ) ( 7 0) transistor drive Circuit (2 2 ) optical hybrid circuit (24) voltage amplifying circuit (2 6 ) signal amplifying circuit (3 0 ) AC discharging circuit (3 2 ) AC discharge driving circuit (3 4 ) bleed circuit ( 4 0 ) ( 8 0) Electrode (41) (8 1) Machined part (5 0) Transistor pulse wave control circuit (5 2 ) Frequency division unit (5 2 2 ) Clock (5 6 ) Counter unit (60) DC discharge circuit ( C) discharge capacitance (D) diode (Ig) (Igl) discharge current (Μ 1 ) ~ (Μ 4 ) rectifying transistor (Μ 8 ) ( Μ 9 ) transistor (Μ 5 ), ( Μ 6 ) Current crystal 18 1325680 (P 1 )~(P 6 ) transistor pulse wave control signal (PP 1 )~(PP 2 ) pulse wave control signal '* ( R 1 ) ( R 3 ) current limiting resistor: (R 2 ( R 4 ) bleeder resistance (ti η ) negative discharge time (ton) negative discharge time (ti ρ ) positive discharge time (top ) positive bubble flow time (t ο π 1 ) discharge duration (td) discharge delay Time (te) discharge time (t 〇 ff ) discharge rest time (V ) ( V 1 ) power supply (Vg) (Vgl) gap voltage 19