1316599 九、發明說明： 年月9修(更)正替換頁 【發明所屬之技術領域】 -種熱交換系應用，尤指以水液為基材’配合熱交換器為具有内壓 而能滿足轉載熱的強度，和明確解決環保課題。 【先前技術】 有關熱父換裝置，-般為n恒溫維持裝置，或室内取暖之 式油葉《H，其裡部轉載熱之媒體為由礦物油為之，軸礦物油的^ 較低而易於吸熱，但由於其油體本身黏滞係數高而不易流動，且^ 電加熱器的高溫熱作，常會形成減_，而在加熱器表面形成—隹= 影響發熱神，且誠質錄魏失去紐帶熱侧，—般 須重新更換，而工業用者則甚至半年需长更拖約一年必 千平4更換’更換後之廢油則形成一大 產損失 心問題’更容易因漏油形成電氣短路點燃礦物油造成火災導致人身及財 【發明内容】 本發明_水液為基材，混合改善麟為熱媒，其物理性質改呈載孰 条件及相舰，⑽-蝴m㈣編 =:而一之性嶋，並能轉一度為 載雜料觀衫料樣好，藉由該 值路熱交換系統之路徑空間為可接受-壓力 值付疋可產生較南内壓，而提升水液沸點溫度。 5 1316599 本^第三目的為該閉迴路熱交齡統之路徑空間為接受熱媒填入， …、媒之容積比約H而預留有絲吸收空間。 、 使降低其凝 本發明第四目的為該水液為了對抗低溫而可加熱防凍劑， 結溫度。 叫 依據本發明實施，可獲以下優點： 1 具有無污染及不燃性的安全特性。 2.拋棄時無環保回收問題。 3 .系統洩漏無環境污染問題。 4因不可燃’戌漏後對於居家物品如地毯等不會有污染及助燃之 行為。 【實施方式】 、有關本發明之詳細制，首綠參Μ 1圖所示，本發明為應用在熱 、奐系1〇 〇，熱父換系1〇 〇設有一吸熱端1’經路徑1〇而迴向結合 熱儿端2 ’觸3則填充於系統路徑i Q之巾，並串接吸熱端丨及熱沉端 2 ’右實施於電子機器冷㈣，則在熱沉端2的外端可糊風力馬達驅散 熱溫’而吸熱端1可親合發生廢熱之電子元件。 若熱交換系1◦〇應用於室内取暖提升環境空氣溫度之加溫器，則利 用一加熱器4以對熱媒3產生熱作，加熱器4為電熱工作，由電熱裝置4 〇發生熱電工作，外圍有導熱殼體41所包封。 熱乂換系1〇 〇相關熱媒3填佈路徑，為具有一可抗拒内壓之容置空 間’利用其内壓對抗，則可提升水液沸點溫度，一般水液在吸熱到達1〇〇 C時則會產生相變氣化’其氣化會形成膨脹壓力，以危害到交換系統之結 構’相關水液由液態至氣態變化的一個主要條件，除溫度外，為一壓力與 沸點的關係，由克拉貝隆方程式△p/AT:又/T (V2 —VI)，其中λ 6 1316599 為潛熱，T是沸點，V2為氣態的容積比，\^為液態的容積比，由此我們 ‘ 了解壓力大的時候，其沸點會跟著提升，也就是在一壓力容器之下，其水 的沸點溫度會與其壓力值的大小成正比，如是可提高上升水液的沸點溫度。 • 本發明實施以壓力容器之觀念，讓該水液之沸點可提升約到達125。(：， 其條件為交換系統之内壓允許在〇.15Mpa的壓力值為前提，依據本發明實 驗，水性溶液在一大氣壓（常壓）下之沸點約l〇〇°c，利用密閉容器壓力為 0. IMpa的時候’其沸點提高到達約i2(TC，而内壓設定為〇. i5Mpa，則滞點 可到達約125 C，又該沸點提高在125。0，則相同可受到國際安全標準UL130 ® °c以下之規範，或歐洲iec小於liirc以下規範，若配合歐洲之規格，其壓 力相對可調降’使溫度在llOt以下，該安全標準溫度為應用在室内取暖葉 片式電暖器的升溫規格，利用該安全溫度，可適當轉載出電暖器熱量，而 、 緩和對室内溫度作加溫。 - 熱媒3填充於熱交換系1〇 〇的内部路徑空間之中，所填入之容積比 約70-85%為佳，使路徑空間預留有約15_3⑽的靜態空間，該預留空間，則 可吸收熱媒3異常相變後絲之體積’如環境溫度下賴其冰點以下使熱 媒3結冰時所發生之膨賴積，或電加熱器異^作使觸3溫超過沸點 φ 相變後氣體張壓之膨張體積，得由該預留空間作前置性安全防護。 加熱器表面提供水液親合交遞熱能，在微小單位面積，若該點熱能集 中較高’且水液流速相對不足的情況下，親合該面積的水液會急速升溫氣 化，形成球狀氣泡’又賴泡—切面為翅在加絲表面而形成氣穴，本 案提供辅助解決方案如下： 水的比熱大於雜油，題升溫慢，加鮮表面過熱而域的氣泡氣穴 現象。 解決方式： 導,、.、粒子迅逮將加熱II表面⑥溫帶走並加速氣泡脫離速度消 1316599 除氣泡。 ’、、、器表面毛孔化’利用毛孔粗面凹凸落差結構及二點溫差，使生 成之氣泡無法穩定落置而驅離。 • .力…、器表面佈置網狀結構，利用網構線材桿身破壞氣泡結構而將之 破壞分解。 1加^器連動超纽震動裝置，能量使氣泡與加熱器表面交 結部位切開位移’加上水壓及㈣内聚力，而使氣泡脫離。 般而S ’加溫用之熱交換系統，其目的為將加熱器之熱能快速往目 的地帶放，魏率越高為佳’昔關_物油有歸性關題，使產生迴 流緩慢，和_慢可能造成管路之平流層，而中心之熱質無法與管壁或敎 >儿端結構元件表面親合，失去交換功能作用。 、本發明彻水液低轉性，财循環速率可增加，由於速度增加，則 '胃於在路徑中形成棄流’利用該棄流可讓管路中心之熱媒所運載熱質，易 於與週邊齡而親合管路壁面，達成管軸中心點及週邊之液體易於奈流 ，親合管壁而向外交換熱能。 鲁 本發明之熱媒為了改善其物理性質，在百分比的水液中，可填充約 15-50%之改善劑，該改善劑為防腐劑或絕緣劑或乙二醇防;東劑，利用乙二 f防涞劑可降低其凝結溫度約在_15—_4忙，因此若顧在天寒地來的居 豕環境的室内’則可避免熱媒时結而無法作動。 本發明進一步在熱媒3裡部填充有低比熱之載熱粒子，該載熱粒子為 金屬祕粒或氧化物微粒’上述微粒可經奈米化使易於被水液載動，利用導 熱粒子低比狀特性’ Μ於在吸熱賴熱，並藉由水麟奴送而在熱 沉端快迷放送熱溫。 ” 該奈米微粒藉由加入水溶性分散劑，從而達到使奈米微粒在水基液態 傳媒中均勻穩定分布。 1316599 熱媒3進-步可純水為紐，避倾f及可轉敎之物理性。 熱交換系100相關熱媒3流佈之路徑為具有抗壓性，在熱媒3填充 前可操作為真空狀態或以熱態填充形成轉，事後填佈熱媒以真空填充方 式或負/填充’則可避免裡部空氣殘存，從而避免對熱交換器的雜、。 若如上述以真空填充之實施，鄰近吸熱端i的位置，需結合有一缓衝 櫃11，該緩衝m i為吸收超賴力，避免加熱器4因電流不穩所產生 之異常狀況發生系統内部高壓時，可作祕力之緩衝，形成異狀安全防護， 該緩衝櫃1 1進一步可設有釋壓閥i。 請再參閱第2圖所示’依據本發明實施可應用在葉片式電暖器5，該 電暖器5係由多數葉片51並排之後，上下端串通結合為分流側5工工及 集流側512 ’分流侧5工！裡部設有加熱器4，葉片導通分流側5工工 及集流侧512之間，形成有管路5 2，該管路5 2為—長孔狀之截面， 設有長邊側5 21及短邊側5 2 2，兩者之比例以大於等於6 :丄為佳。 請再參閱第3圖所示，葉片式電暖器5係由多數葉片5 i上下結合分 流側511及集流側512所構成-循環迴路，在分流側5丄1裡部:有 電熱作用之加熱器4，加熱II 4對裡部之熱媒3產生熱作，提升其加产之 後’熱媒3則經由葉片5丄所設管路5 2往上浮流，該伏流過程::為 由加熱器加溫_，使物質熱應變產生伏流_效應，藉由該伏流而連成 一冷熱循環迴流作動線。 由於水液為低黏滯性’因此在管路5 2裡部可快速通流，其快速通流 之流速則可讓路徑中之熱媒產生紊流，奮流狀㈣於接觸管路5 2之内= 面’使該熱質與管路内壁面產生熱交換。 又該管路5 2 (請參閱第2圖所示）其長邊側5 2工及短邊側5 2 2 所以形成6 : 1的狀態，為利酿邊側可拉近長邊側内壁相對的距離，而 減低距離後’依雷銶職録之=，由公絲得紐咖杨内侧距 1316599 離D/粘滯係數μ所決定，其中若短邊側之值較小，相對D值較小的時候， 則易於突破臨界雷諾數，使管内流易於形成紊流，依據本發明之實驗結果， 應用水液之黏滯係數相乘後，其管路截面長短邊之比為長邊側6短邊側1 (D值）為佳。1316599 IX. Description of invention: Year 9 repair (more) replacement page [Technical field of invention] - Application of heat exchange system, especially with water liquid as the base material 'cooperating heat exchanger for internal pressure to meet Reproduce the heat intensity and clearly solve environmental issues. [Prior Art] Regarding the hot parent changing device, the n-type constant temperature maintenance device, or the indoor heating type oil leaf "H, the medium in which the heat is transferred is made of mineral oil, and the axial mineral oil is lower. It is easy to absorb heat, but because the oil body itself has a high viscosity coefficient and is not easy to flow, and the high temperature heat of the electric heater often forms a minus _, and forms on the surface of the heater - 隹 = affects the heating god, and the record Wei lost the hot side of the bond, and it had to be replaced again, while the industrial users even needed to grow for more than half a year, and they would have to pay for it for a year. The replacement of the waste oil after replacement would cause a big loss of heart problems. The oil forms an electrical short circuit and ignites the mineral oil to cause a fire and causes the person and the wealth. [Invention] The invention is based on the water liquid, and the mixed improvement is the heat medium, and the physical properties thereof are changed to the conditions of the load and the phase ship, (10)-make m (four) =: And the nature of one, and can be transferred once for the material of the miscellaneous material, the path space of the value heat exchange system is acceptable - the pressure value can be generated to produce a more southerly pressure, and the The boiling point temperature of the water. 5 1316599 The third objective is that the path space of the closed circuit thermal ageing system is filled with heat medium, and the volume ratio of the medium is about H and a silk absorption space is reserved. The fourth object of the present invention is to heat the antifreeze and the junction temperature in order to combat the low temperature. According to the practice of the present invention, the following advantages are obtained: 1 It has safety features of no pollution and non-combustibility. 2. There is no environmental recycling problem when abandoning. 3. System leakage has no environmental pollution problems. 4 Because it is not non-flammable, there will be no pollution or combustion-supporting behavior for household items such as carpets. [Embodiment] In relation to the detailed system of the present invention, the first green ginseng 1 is shown in the figure. The present invention is applied to the heat and the raft system, and the hot father is replaced by a heat absorbing end 1' via the path 1 〇 回 结合 结合 结合 结合 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 结合 结合 结合 结合 结合 结合 结合 结合 结合 结合 结合 结合 结合The end of the paste wind motor drives the heat dissipation temperature' and the heat absorption end 1 can be associated with the electronic components that generate waste heat. If the heat exchange system 1 is applied to a heater for indoor heating to raise the ambient air temperature, a heater 4 is used to generate heat to the heat medium 3, and the heater 4 is operated by electric heating, and the thermoelectric device 4 is subjected to thermoelectric operation. The periphery is surrounded by a heat-conductive housing 41. The hot 乂 系 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 〇〇 When C, phase change gasification will occur, and its gasification will form expansion pressure to harm the structure of the exchange system. A main condition for the change of liquid water from liquid to gas state, except for temperature, is the relationship between pressure and boiling point. By the Crablon equation Δp/AT: and /T (V2 - VI), where λ 6 1316599 is latent heat, T is the boiling point, V2 is the volume ratio of the gaseous state, and \^ is the volume ratio of the liquid, thus we' When the pressure is high, the boiling point will increase, that is, under a pressure vessel, the boiling temperature of the water will be proportional to the pressure value, which can increase the boiling temperature of the rising water. • The present invention implements the concept of a pressure vessel such that the boiling point of the aqueous liquid can be raised to approximately 125. (:, the condition is that the internal pressure of the exchange system is allowed to be at a pressure of 〇15 Mpa. According to the experiment of the present invention, the boiling point of the aqueous solution at atmospheric pressure (atmospheric pressure) is about l〇〇°c, using a closed vessel pressure. When it is 0. IMpa, its boiling point rises to about i2 (TC, while the internal pressure is set to 〇. i5Mpa, the stagnation point can reach about 125 C, and the boiling point is increased to 12.5, the same can be accepted by international safety standards. The specification below UL130 ® °c, or the European iec is less than the following specifications of liirc. If it meets the European specifications, the pressure is relatively adjustable, so that the temperature is below llOt, which is applied to indoor heating vane heaters. According to the temperature rise specification, the heat of the heater can be appropriately transferred, and the temperature of the room can be moderated. - The heat medium 3 is filled in the internal path space of the heat exchange system, and is filled in The volume ratio is preferably about 70-85%, so that the path space is reserved with a static space of about 15_3 (10), and the reserved space can absorb the volume of the wire after the abnormal phase change of the heat medium 3, such as below the freezing point of the ambient temperature. When the heat medium 3 freezes The expansion of the product, or the electric heater, makes the exposed volume of the gas tension after the phase 3 temperature exceeds the boiling point φ phase change, and the reserved space is used for pre-safety protection. In the case of a small unit area, if the concentration of heat energy is relatively high and the flow rate of the water is relatively insufficient, the water that is in contact with the area will rapidly heat up and form a spherical bubble. The cut surface is formed on the surface of the wire to form air pockets. The auxiliary solution provided in this case is as follows: The specific heat of water is greater than that of miscellaneous oil, and the problem is slow heating, and the surface of the fresh surface is superheated and the air bubbles in the domain are solved. Solution: Guide,,, The particles quickly pick up the surface of the heated II surface and accelerate the bubble to remove the speed. 1316599 removes the bubbles. ',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Drive away. • Force..., the surface of the device is arranged with a mesh structure, and the mesh structure is used to destroy the bubble structure and destroy it. 1 Add the device and connect the vibration device with energy to make the bubble and the heater surface The intersection part cuts the displacement 'plus the water pressure and (4) the cohesive force, and the bubble is detached. The heat exchange system of the S' heating is used to quickly transfer the heat of the heater to the destination. The higher the Wei rate is better. 'Issued _ oil has a return to the problem, so that the reflow is slow, and _ slow may cause the stratosphere of the pipeline, and the thermal energy of the center can not be associated with the surface of the wall or 敎> The function of the exchange function. The invention can reduce the turnover rate of the water liquid, and the rate of the financial cycle can be increased. Because the speed increases, the stomach forms a waste flow in the path. The waste stream can be used to carry the heat of the heat medium in the center of the pipeline. It is easy to be intimate with the surrounding wall and close to the wall surface of the pipeline. The liquid at the center point of the tube axis and the surrounding area can be easily flowed, and the heat can be exchanged with the wall. The heat medium of Luben in order to improve its physical properties, in percentage The water liquid can be filled with about 15-50% of the improving agent, the preservative is a preservative or an insulating agent or ethylene glycol; the east agent can reduce the condensation temperature of about -15 by using the antimony agent. —_4 is busy, so if you are in the cold, come to the ring Indoor 'knot can not be actuated when the heat medium can be avoided. Further, in the present invention, the heat medium 3 is filled with low specific heat carrier particles, and the heat carrier particles are metal secret particles or oxide particles. The particles can be easily hydrolyzed by water, and the heat-conducting particles are low. The specific characteristic ' Μ Μ 在 在 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸 吸The nanoparticle can achieve uniform and stable distribution of nanoparticle in a water-based liquid medium by adding a water-soluble dispersant. 1316599 Heat medium 3 step-step can be pure water, avoiding tilting and converting The heat exchange system 100 is related to the heat medium 3 flow cloth, and has a pressure resistance. Before the heat medium 3 is filled, it can be operated in a vacuum state or filled in a hot state to form a turn, and then the heat medium is filled in a vacuum filling manner or negatively. /filling' can avoid the residual air in the inner part, thus avoiding the miscellaneous heat exchanger. If the vacuum filling is implemented as described above, the position adjacent to the heat absorbing end i needs to be combined with a buffer cabinet 11, which is absorbed by the buffer. Excessive force, to avoid the abnormal situation caused by the current instability of the heater 4, when the internal high pressure of the system occurs, it can be used as a buffer for the secret force to form the abnormal safety protection. The buffer cabinet 1 1 can further be provided with the pressure relief valve i. Please refer to FIG. 2 again, which can be applied to the blade type electric heater 5 according to the embodiment of the present invention. After the electric heater 5 is arranged side by side by a plurality of blades 51, the upper and lower ends are collimated to be the split side 5 work and the collecting side. 512 'Split side 5 work! There is a heater 4, a vane conduction splitting side 5 worker and a collecting side 512, and a pipe 5 2 is formed. The pipe 52 is a long hole-shaped cross section, and has a long side 5 21 and a short side. Side 5 2 2, the ratio of the two is preferably greater than or equal to 6: 。. Referring to Fig. 3 again, the blade type electric heater 5 is composed of a plurality of blades 5 i coupled to the split side 511 and the collecting side 512 The constituting-circulating circuit is in the inner side of the splitting side 5丄1: the heater 4 having an electrothermal action, and the heating II 4 generates heat to the heat medium 3 in the inner portion, and after the production is increased, the heat medium 3 passes through the vane 5丄. The pipeline 5 2 is arranged to float upward, and the volt flow process is: heating the heater _, causing the material to be thermally strained to generate a volt-flow effect, and the volt flow is connected to form a cold-heat cycle return flow line. Viscous' therefore can flow quickly in the inner part of the pipe 52, and the flow velocity of the rapid flow can cause the turbulent flow of the heat medium in the path, and the flow (4) is within the contact pipe 5 2 = face The heat is exchanged with the inner wall surface of the pipe. The pipe 5 2 (see Fig. 2) has a long side 5 2 and a short side 5 2 2 so that 6 : 1 The state is that the side of the side of the wine can be pulled closer to the inner wall of the long side, and after the distance is reduced, the position of the 銶 銶 銶 , , , , , , , , 纽 纽 纽 纽 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 If the value of the short side is small and the value of D is small, it is easy to break through the critical Reynolds number, so that the flow in the tube is easy to form turbulent flow. According to the experimental result of the present invention, the viscosity coefficient of the water liquid is multiplied. After that, the ratio of the length to the short side of the pipe section is preferably the long side 6 short side 1 (D value).
1316599 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係為熱交換系統圖。 第2圖係為本發明電暖器應用圖。 第3圖係為第2圖之側視圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 吸熱端............1 • 路徑............10 熱交換系.........10 0 緩衝櫃...........11 - 釋壓閥..........110 . 熱沉端............2 熱媒.............3 加熱器............4 電熱裝置..........4 0 _ 殼體............4 1 葉片式電暖器.........5 葉片............5 1 分流側..........511 集流側..........512 管路............5 2 長邊側..........521 短邊側..........522 111316599 [Simple description of the diagram] Figure 1 is a diagram of the heat exchange system. Figure 2 is a diagram of the application of the electric heater of the present invention. Figure 3 is a side view of Figure 2. [Explanation of main component symbols] Endothermic end............1 • Path............10 Heat exchange system.........10 0 Buffer cabinet...........11 - Pressure relief valve ..........110. Heat sinking end............2 Heat medium.. ...........3 Heater............4 Electric heating device ..........4 0 _ Housing... ......4 1 blade type electric heater.........5 blade............5 1 split side.......... 511 Collecting side .......... 512 Pipeline............5 2 Long side..........521 Short side.. ........522 11