TWI308949B - An organic waste incinerator - Google Patents

Description

1308949 IX. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an incinerator, and more particularly to an organic waste incinerator for incinerating organic waste at a high temperature. [Prior Art] When incinerators are incinerated, the incineration temperature is often not high enough or the combustion is not complete. It is easy to make carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or chlorine in organic waste. When incinerated, it produces dioxin precursors or toxic substances of di〇xin_iike compounds. Therefore, general incinerators must use different methods to prevent the formation of toxic substances in the dioxin class to avoid environmental pollution, thereby increasing the cost of using the incinerator. As described above, since the conventional incinerator decomposes organic waste by incineration heat, and the efficiency of incineration and co-firing is low, conditions for thermally decomposing the organic waste at high temperature cannot be obtained. The general waste will produce Dyoxin through four reaction pathways. The four paths that produce dioxin are: 1. The dioxin contained in the organic waste component is not destroyed by incineration; 2. The chlorinated organic precursor is incinerated. The reaction in the furnace generates dioxin; 3. The suitable organic matter reacts with the source of chlorine source to synthesize dioxin in the incinerator; 4_ After burning the incomplete trace organic matter leaves the incinerator, it is condensed and adsorbed in the incinerator in the low temperature zone outside the furnace. The discharged fly ash (especially elemental carbon) is on the active site of the fly ash particles under specific temperature conditions and an appropriate amount of oxygen, and the supplier of the gas atom source is chlorinated by gold 1308949. Copper and ferric chloride) are produced by catalytic reaction. There are four reasons for the formation of Dioxin in the traditional incinerator: the chlorine-containing dioxin precursor, the incineration temperature is too low, the residence time is too low, and the excess oxygen is excessive. These four causes of dioxin are actually incinerated with organic waste. ..., the law is related to the incineration of the incinerator furnace. In fact, the treatment temperature of large garbage incinerators can reach 850t or more, which can destroy Dioxin; if the content of Dioxin is higher, the incineration temperature can be controlled to above 1000t. In addition, according to the EPA's regulations on the disposal of hazardous industrial wastes, the temperature of the combustion chamber exit center of the incineration treatment facility should be maintained at 1 〇〇 (rc or more, and the combustion gas residence time is more than 2 seconds. Although high temperature incineration can effectively destroy Dai Osin Or inhibit the formation of the traditional incinerator, to achieve a temperature of 850 ° C or above, must be injected with considerable auxiliary fuel, otherwise high temperature incineration is difficult to maintain, so the operating costs of the incinerator is greatly increased. In addition to the use of auxiliary fuel Increasing the incineration temperature and suppressing the formation of dioxin, it is necessary to completely control the discharge of the dioxin in the incinerator, and the removal of the generated dioxin by the air pollution control equipment is also a necessary equipment for the conventional incinerator system. The way of activated carbon is the most accepted' and there are many technologies used at home and abroad to control the emission of dioxin. The main advantage is that the method is simple and can use existing air pollution control equipment. In addition, the control efficiency of dioxin is also related to activated carbon. Change in the amount of injection, but in the form of activated carbon adsorption Only a low dioxin emissions "phase transfer" 'only temporary; root of the problem in a manner that the incineration process, take effective destruction decomposition technique to effectively destroy 61308949 dioxin forming machine system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One object of the present invention is to provide an organic waste with environmental benefits! Materialization furnaces improve the incinerators that do not destroy the dioxin formation mechanism when incinerating organic waste. The invention can fully burn organic waste, effectively destroy the formation mechanism of the I1, and the sputum, and avoid the formation of environmental pollution caused by the formation of dioxin. Another object of the present invention is to provide an organic waste incinerator capable of saving operating costs. Since there is no dioxin generation and discharge, it is no longer necessary to use the end-of-pipe treatment technology for the exhaust treatment of the organic waste incinerator (eg, Adding activated carbon) reduces additional processing costs and therefore saves operating costs. The invention further aims to provide an organic waste incinerator which is free of decoking equipment, and since the organic waste can be completely burned in the organic waste incinerator, the decoking equipment is not required to be defocused. It can reduce the equipment cost of organic waste incinerators. A further object of the present invention is to provide an organic waste incinerator having energy conversion benefits, which can convert the high temperature gas generated by the incineration of organic waste into heat energy for other forms of energy storage. According to the above object of the present invention, an organic waste incinerator comprising an incinerator body, a built-in combustion tube and a gasification air tube is provided. The incinerator body is combined with a built-in combustion tube and connected to the gasification air 7

1308949 Tube 'The built-in combustion tube is located in the incinerator and its ends can penetrate and extend to the outside of the incinerator. According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an organic waste incinerator which does not generate dioxin when incinerating organic waste. In this organic waste incinerator, the incinerator body is combined with the internal combustion tube and simultaneously connected to the gasification air line. Among them, the organic waste incinerator is connected to the gasification air pipe to introduce the gasification air (primary combustion air), and the built-in combustion pipe can be connected to the combustion air pipe to enter the combustion air (secondary combustion air). Therefore, this organic waste incinerator can fully burn organic waste and produce a high temperature of 1200 °C or higher, so that the organic waste can be completely burned out. With sufficient and high-temperature incineration, the mechanism of dioxin formation can be completely destroyed, effectively avoiding the formation of dioxin from organic waste. According to the above embodiments of the present invention, an organic waste incinerator capable of effectively reducing operating costs is provided. Since this organic waste incinerator does not generate dioxin when incinerating organic waste, there is no need to use end-of-pipe treatment techniques (such as activated carbon treatment technology) to prevent the formation of dioxin. Therefore, the application of the present invention can indeed reduce operating costs. According to still another embodiment of the present invention, an organic waste incinerator that reduces equipment costs is provided. The organic waste incinerator uses a built-in combustion tube in the incinerator to connect the combustion air tube to the combustion air (secondary combustion air), and the synthetic gas generated by the thermal cracking of the organic waste can be completely burned. At the same time, in this organic waste incinerator, the combustion temperature above 12 degrees Celsius is generated. The combustion temperature is effective to incinerate the tar in the incinerator, so the organic waste incinerator of the present invention does not need to be provided with any decoking device.

1308949 is ready for maintenance, thus reducing the overall equipment cost of the organic waste incinerator. According to still another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an organic waste incineration furnace comprising an incinerator body coupled to a built-in combustion tube, the incinerator body being connected to a gasification air tube. The two ends of the combustion tube are respectively connected to one end of the combustion air tube and the exhaust tube, and the other end of the combustion air tube is connected with a blower, and the other end of the exhaust tube is connected to the heat exchange device. According to still another embodiment of the present invention, a built-in combustion tube is disposed in the incinerator body, one end of the built-in combustion tube is connected to one end of the combustion air tube, and the other end of the combustion air tube is connected to the blower; The other end of the Tibetan combustion tube is connected to one end of the high temperature exhaust pipe, and the other end of the high temperature exhaust pipe is connected to the heat exchange device. Since the organic waste incinerator of the present invention can: w organic waste is completely burned, the high-temperature gas discharged does not contain polluting harmful substances (such as dioxin, tar, etc.), and is included in the internal combustion type e. The southerly air after burning is rich in heat. Therefore, this high-temperature gas is directly guided to a heat exchange device (such as a heat generator) by a φ exhaust pipe to be converted into another source of this source for storage; or use, for high energy recovery. [Embodiment] Moonlight', and Fig. 1 are schematic views showing an overall structure of an organic waste cremator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Among them, the organic waste incinerator. 1〇〇&Incineration furnace body 110, built-in combustion ι 12〇 and gasification air tube 13 0 〇Incinerator body 110 may be provided with waste input port 111, There will be 9

The l3〇8949 machine waste is put into the incinerator body 10 for incineration. Referring to Fig. 2, the flow chart of the organic waste incinerator in the incineration process in Fig. i is shown. Referring to Fig. 3, the perspective of the built-in combustion tube in Fig. i is shown in Fig. 4. Referring to Fig. 4, the edge shows the details of the organic waste incinerator of the present invention.

Fine structure diagram D Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and Fig. 4. The organic waste incinerator 1 is exhausted by the blower 200, and is forced to send the vaporized air along the columnar surface via the gasification air tube 13 to provide the combustion zone 115 for the combustion of the carbon. air. The combustion air required for the combustion tube 122 in the organic waste incinerator 100 is also introduced into the combustion air by the blower 2, mixed with the gasification gas from the furnace and completely burned and discharged: in the service of 114 and heat The synthetic gas produced by the cracking zone 113 enters the built-in combustion tube 120 via the plurality of pores 121 of the lower half of the built-in combustion tube 120. The built-in combustion tube 12 is not only a passage for supplying synthetic gas to the gasification furnace through the exhaust pipe 123, but also a combustion chamber for synthesizing gasification gas. The synthetic gasification gas is mixed with the externally introduced secondary combustion air in the inner combustion tube 12〇 and completely burned into a high-temperature and clean exhaust gas, and the main component of the exhaust gas is carbon dioxide (C〇2) and water. (ho) with nitrogen (N2) 'Excess oxygen can be controlled to a very low degree' venting without tar and fly ash. The organic waste incinerator of the present invention adopts a combustion mode in which the biomass fuel is moved downward and the gasification synthesis gas is reversely flowed upward, and the biomass energy is burned 10 1308949. The drying zone 112 is dried in an anoxic high temperature. The thermal cracking zone 113 is thermally cracked to produce a pyrolysis gas and char (char). The heat energy required for drying and thermal cracking is mainly provided by the exhaust gas of the combustion charcoal in the hearth combustion zone 115, and the combustion zone 115 Radiant heat also contributes in part. In the reduction zone 114, carbon monoxide (C〇2) and water (H2〇) are reacted by a Boundmirard reaction with water vaporization (water_shift), and reduced to produce CO and H2, and the final residual carbon is The combustion zone 115 of the bottom of the furnace is combined with the air filling knife until it is completely burned to ash, and then passed through the ash barrier 116 and then dropped into the bottom ash storage tank 117. In addition, the present invention incorporates a built-in combustion tube 120 in the thermal cracking zone 113. The built-in combustion tube 120 provides a process in which the synthesis gas is directly burned off without decoking inside the gasification furnace, and the synthetic gas contains Rich in oxidative (CO) and nitrogen (HO, therefore high combustion intensity, high temperature exhaust gas and combustion tube can maintain the high temperature environment required in the thermal cracking zone. 'The thermal cracking strength and temperature of the biomass fuel can be compared with the traditional The fixed gasifier is much improved. Please refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. The two ends of the built-in combustion tube 12 are connected to the combustion tube 122 and the exhaust pipe 123, respectively, and are disposed in the incinerator body 11 In the thermal cracking zone 113, the gasification air pipe 13 is connected to the gasification combustion zone 115 of the incinerator body 11 , wherein the gasification air pipe 13 is used to pass the gasification air (primary combustion air) to the combustion zone. 115 to help burn solid matter, and the combustion air tube 122 can pass into the combustion air (secondary combustion air) to fully burn the synthetic gas. Please refer to Figure 4. When the solid organic waste is put into waste 1Π is put into the incinerator body no, one Start with the burning zone U5 11

1308949 Produces a syngas of syngas at temperatures above 500 degrees Celsius. The synthetic gas (carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen) in the syngas enters the built-in combustion tube 120 and is mixed with the equivalent combustion air (secondary combustion air). The synthetic gas contacts the air and spontaneously ignites and produces Intense and high-temperature fire wrinkles 'no need to add auxiliary fuel 'the temperature of the flame center can reach about 1500 degrees Celsius' and the exhaust temperature after the flame is higher than 12 degrees Celsius. It can be seen from the above that the invention can realize the high temperature of incineration without using auxiliary fuel by using the built-in combustion tube 120 and the gasification air tube 13 of the present invention by the concept of gasification and sectional combustion. Decompose the temperature of organic waste to completely avoid the discharge of gas phase dioxin in the incinerator. In addition, according to the embodiments of the present invention described above, the organic waste incinerator of the present invention can generate a combustion high temperature of 1200 degrees Celsius or higher, and can be used to completely burn organic waste and effectively destroy the formation mechanism of the dioxin. Excluding high temperature gas from dioxin. Therefore, it is no longer necessary to use the end-of-pipe treatment technology (such as putting activated carbon into the exhaust pipe 丨2 3 ) to solve the problem of dioxin emission, and thus actually reduce the operation of the organic waste incinerator 1 due to the incinerator body 110 It can produce high temperature above 12 degrees Celsius, which can effectively burn solid wastes (such as tar, char or carbon-containing ash (fly ash) produced by gasification of organic waste. ) fully burned out. By burning at a high temperature in the incinerator body 110, tar, waste charcoal or fly ash having steep corrosion and pollution is removed. In addition, because only a small amount of solids can enter the combustion tube, the dust contained in the exhaust gas is much lower than that of a conventional incinerator. Therefore, the organic waste incinerator 1本, 12 1308949 of the present invention does not need to be equipped with decoking equipment, and can reduce the burden of preventing air pollution, and the overall equipment cost of the organic waste incinerator is higher than that of the conventional incinerator. The overall equipment cost is significantly reduced and has higher incineration efficiency. The high temperature gas which is harmless (excluding dioxin, tar or other harmful substances) can be produced by the combustion action of the built-in combustion tube which is installed in the incinerator body 110. Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature gas is mainly contained in water vapor and carbon dioxide and nitrogen, and the content of excess oxygen is 3 percentage or less. Please refer to Figure 5 for a schematic diagram showing the combination of an organic waste incinerator and a blower. The blower 200 is connected to the combustion tube 122 and the gasification air tube 130, respectively. The blower 200 injects combustion air into the built-in combustion tube 120 and the vaporized air f 130, respectively, to effectively control the amount of high-pressure air required to incinerate the organic waste in the two districts. Further, please refer to Fig. 6, which is a schematic view showing the combination of an organic waste product incinerator and a blower and a heat exchange device in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention. The organic waste incinerator 100 is respectively combined with the blower 200 and the exchange device 300, and the blower 2 is connected to the combustion air tube 122 and the vaporized air f 13 , respectively, and the heat exchange device 3 is connected to the internal combustion officer 120 Exhaust pipe 123. The high-temperature exhaust gas that is discharged from the exhaust pipe 123 is used to burn the organic waste, and the heat exchange device 3 (such as Stirling generator or Air conditioning equipment) converts thermal energy into other energy sources (such as electric energy or cold energy) for full use. According to the above description of the present invention, the present invention has the following advantages: 13 1308949 A supplemental application of the organic waste incinerator of the present invention enables complete combustion of organic waste in an incinerator without the need to inject auxiliary fuel Under the above, the combustion temperature (1500 degrees Celsius) or the exhaust temperature (1200 degrees Celsius or higher) is much higher than that of the general organic waste incinerator, so the formation of dioxin can be completely avoided. 2' organic waste is completely burned in the built-in combustion tube of the present invention, and tar is not produced, so that the organic waste incinerator is defocused without using a decoking device, so that no additional equipment cost burden is caused. 3. According to the invention, the organic waste incinerator can generate high-temperature and clean exhaust gas in the internal combustion tube of the organic waste, and there is no problem that the dioxin is re-formed due to the decrease of the exhaust gas temperature. It can be directly used for energy conversion to produce efficient energy recovery. Although the present invention has been described above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the invention to those skilled in the art, and various modifications and refinements may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. The protection of the invention shall be determined by the scope of the patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent and understood. An overall schematic of an organic waste incinerator. Organic Waste of the Example Figure 2 is a flow chart showing the incineration process of the preferred incinerator in accordance with the present invention. 14 1308949

Figure ===:::=:: The perspective view. Detailed Structure The schematic diagram of the combination of the organic waste X-type furnace and the blower of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the combination of an organic waste incinerator and a blower, and a heat exchange device in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[Main component symbol description] 110: Incinerator body 112: Drying zone 114: Reduction zone 116: Ash discharge fence 120: Built-in combustion pipe 122: Combustion pipe 130: Gasification air pipe 300: Heat exchange equipment 100: Organic Waste incinerator 111: waste input port U3: thermal cracking zone 115: combustion zone 117: ash storage tank 121: pore 123: exhaust pipe 200: blower 15

Claims (1)

1308949 95·11· 3 修 年 年月曰_补无十, the scope of application for patents: 1. An organic waste incinerator, comprising: - incinerator body 'the incinerator body has a waste input port and a gasification combustion a zone in which the waste is used to inject organic waste, and the gasification combustion zone is used to burn organic waste; - a built-in combustion pipe is disposed in the incinerator body and is opened on the pipe wall a plurality of pores' and the two ends of the built-in combustion f penetrate and extend to the outside of the incinerator respectively; and a gasification air tube is connected to the incinerator body. 2. The organic waste incinerator according to the above paragraph, wherein the incinerator body further comprises a drying zone and the drying zone is located above the gasification combustion zone. 3. The organic waste incinerator according to claim 2, wherein the incinerator body further has a thermal cracking zone, and the thermal cracking zone is disposed between the drying zone and the gasification combustion zone. 4. The organic waste incinerator according to claim 3, wherein the incinerator body further has a reduction zone between the thermal cracking zone and the gasification combustion zone. 5. The organic waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the incinerator body further has a thermal cracking zone, and the thermal cracking zone is located at the 16 1308949 Above the gasification combustion zone. 6. The organic waste incinerator of claim 5, wherein the incinerator body further has a reduction zone between the thermal cracking zone and the gasification combustion zone. 7. The organic waste incinerator of claim 1, wherein the incinerator body further has a -reduction zone and the reduction zone is located above the gasification combustion zone. 8. The organic waste incinerator according to the Zhongyi Patent Co., Ltd., wherein the incinerator body further has an ash storage tank. In the organic waste incinerator described in Item 1 of the patent in the basin, the inner thief tube is a plurality of (four) type combustion tubes. Furnace, the organic waste incinerated gas pipe mentioned in the first paragraph of the patent pending dry patent: the two ends of the type of combustion pipe are connected separately - the combustion pipe and the - row furnace: the organic waste incineration described in the second item. Organic waste incineration as described in Article 10 of the patent application 1308949 Furnace, wherein the exhaust pipe is connected to a heat exchange device. 13. A furnace of the patent scope, wherein the heat exchange device is an organic waste incineration thermal power generation device or an air conditioning device. 14. For example, the Shenqing patent scope κ 甘 "... or the organic waste furnace described in item 5" wherein the internal reduction type of combustion pipe waste is burned through the thermal cracking zone 15. If the scope of the patent application is 〗 〖In the case of the incinerator, a plurality of gas are connected: waste incineration 18 1308949 七100 111 113 115 117 Waste into the pyrolysis zone Gasification combustion zone ash storage tank 121: Pore 123: Exhaust pipe designation representative map: (), the designated representative figure of this case is: (4) Figure (2) Brief description of the symbol of the representative figure in this case: Organic waste incinerator 110: Incinerator body 112: Drying zone 114: Reduction zone 116: Ash discharge fence 120: Built-in combustion pipe 122: Combustion pipe 130: Gasification air pipe 8. If there is a chemical formula in this case, please disclose the chemical formula that best shows the characteristics of the invention: 4