•1302869 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種運用RE(逆向工程）技術的閉環誤 差控制快速原型之成形方法，係利用大口徑之噴嘴進行粗 堆，再透過形貌掃描，經電腦誤差比對及補償運算，再以 小口徑之喷嘴作工件補償及修飾，進而快速完成並符合原 設計要求之原形工作者。 【先前技術】 按，稱快速原型（快速造型）RP(Rapi(i Prot〇typing) 者，主要是指運用某些特殊設計，提供一能快速製作雛型 之技術’此種技術係得將設計與原型加以連結，亦即將設 計者之概念在電腦中建立模型，並利用Rp機器以層層堆 疊之方式迅速製作出雛型，故RP系統必須與3D CAD結合， 藉由3D CAD經過切片（slicing),而編譯Rp機器可辨識 之機械碼，以將2D堆疊至3D，致可快速製造離型。 目前有中華民國新型公告編號第498834號「精密快 速原型機之改良結構」，其主要係藉由光源產生器發射出 的平行光線透過高解析度的圖形產生器，把欲成型之模型 截面的高解析度且比例較大的影像投射於反射鏡上，再投 射於圖形縮放模組上，而經圖形縮放模組再把截面圖形縮 小至實際大小比例後，再投射入成型槽内而成型所須的截 面層；然，其缺點在於，經圖形縮放模組把截面圖形縮小 至實際大小比例，而該比例是否真的可達到最確實之尺 1302869 寸’值得商榷。 又，有中華民國新型公告編號第538843號「快速原型 機」，係以一機台於其上設有氣浮線性微步進馬達驅動之 X一γ軸工作平台、DC伺服馬達驅動之Z軸滑板台、喷頭組、 UV光源件等主要構件，該氣浮線性微步進馬達驅動之χ_γ軸 工作平台結合DC伺服馬達驅動之z軸滑板台為構成一 31)之 位移機構，其Z轴滑板台係令可上下升降之台體水平延伸連 接一支架，支架上設置喷頭組，其噴頭組可為二個喷頭或 二個以上之多喷頭式形態，且喷頭組為連接供料單元輸入 UV樹脂之模型材料及用做隔離之離型料或他種混合UV樹脂 之模型材料，並於支架上另設一整平件，以及，相對χ-γ軸 工作平台之上方設置一 uv光源件；其係有下列缺點： 1·傳動機構接受移動指令，就依其接受到的移動量及 速度直接走到下一定點，沒有一個回受機構讓電腦知道是 否正確到達指令地點，故製作出來之原型尺寸無法非常準 確。 2·如直接以小口徑製作相當費時。 3·如直接以大口徑製作表面太粗糙。 【發明内容】 麦此本么明有鐘於快速原型機在尺寸之準確度及其 後績之補偾運算技術均不夠成熟。 口此本《月在提供一種運用RE(逆向工程）技術的閉 1302869 環誤差控制快速原型之成形方法，其步驟係包括有：（a) ά又疋·於電腦控制系統設定原型工件之3D形狀與尺寸； (b)粗堆：依據電腦系統所傳輸之指令，以大口徑之嘴嘴 將成型材料逐層堆積完成工件雛型；（c)掃描：以掃描器 掃描工件雛型之形貌，並將所得數據傳輸至電腦；（d)補 償運算：透過電腦將掃描器掃描所得之數據與原設定3D 模型進行誤差比對及補償運算；（e)細堆：以小口徑之噴 •嘴將粗堆完成之工件雛型作補償及修飾。 上述步驟（c)之掃描係於步驟（b)工件粗堆作業加工 時逐層掃描。 上述工件於步驟（b)粗堆作業加工逐層掃描時，可重 覆步驟⑹、（c)、（d)、（e)直到工件完成。 ±上述步驟（c)之掃描係於工件步驟α)粗堆作業完成 ^一次掃描’再進行步驟⑷、⑹直到讀完成。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for forming a closed-loop error control rapid prototyping using RE (reverse engineering) technology, which utilizes a large-diameter nozzle for roughing and then through a topography. Scanning, through computer error comparison and compensation calculation, and then using small-caliber nozzles for workpiece compensation and modification, and then quickly complete and meet the original design requirements of the prototype workers. [Prior Art] Press, called rapid prototyping (rapid RP) (Rapi (i Prot〇typing), mainly refers to the use of some special design to provide a technology that can quickly produce prototypes. Linking with the prototype, the concept of the designer is also modeled in the computer, and the Rp machine is used to quickly create the prototype in layers. Therefore, the RP system must be combined with 3D CAD, sliced by 3D CAD (slicing) ), and compile the mechanical code that can be recognized by the Rp machine to stack 2D to 3D, so that it can be quickly manufactured. It is currently available in the Republic of China New Bulletin No. 498834 "Improved Structure of Precision Rapid Prototype", which is mainly borrowed The parallel light emitted by the light source generator passes through the high-resolution graphics generator, and the high-resolution and proportional image of the model cross-section to be formed is projected onto the mirror and then projected onto the graphic zoom module. After the graphic zoom module reduces the cross-sectional shape to the actual size ratio, it is projected into the molding groove to form the required cross-section layer; however, the disadvantage is that the graphic is scaled. The group reduced the cross-section pattern to the actual size ratio, and whether the ratio can really reach the most accurate size of 1302869 inches is worth discussing. Also, there is the Republic of China new bulletin No. 538843 "rapid prototype", which is a machine The air-floating linear micro-stepping motor is provided on the X-γ axis working platform driven by the air-floating linear micro-stepping motor, the Z-axis skateboard table driven by the DC servo motor, the nozzle group and the UV light source component. The driving χ γ-axis working platform combined with the DC servo motor-driven z-axis skating table is a displacement mechanism constituting a 31), and the Z-axis skating table is configured to extend the horizontally and horizontally extending platform to a bracket, and the nozzle is provided with a nozzle group The nozzle group can be two nozzles or more than two nozzles, and the nozzle group is a model material for connecting the UV resin to the feeding unit and is used as an isolated release material or a mixed UV resin. The model material is provided with a flat piece on the bracket, and a uv light source member is arranged above the χ-γ axis working platform; the following disadvantages are met: 1. The transmission mechanism accepts the movement command and follows the connection The amount of movement and speed go directly to the next fixed point, not a return by the agency to let the computer know whether to reach the correct location of instructions, it can not be made out of the prototype size is very accurate. 2. It is quite time consuming to make a small diameter directly. 3. If the surface is directly made with a large diameter, it is too rough. [Summary of the Invention] This is not mature enough for the precision of the size and accuracy of the rapid prototyping machine. This is a monthly form of the closed 1302869 ring error control rapid prototyping method using RE (reverse engineering) technology. The steps include: (a) ά 疋 · setting the 3D shape of the prototype workpiece in the computer control system (b) coarse pile: according to the instructions transmitted by the computer system, the molding material is piled up layer by layer with a large-diameter nozzle to complete the workpiece prototype; (c) scanning: scanning the shape of the prototype of the workpiece with a scanner, And transfer the data to the computer; (d) compensation operation: through the computer to scan the data obtained by the scanner and the original set 3D model for error comparison and compensation operation; (e) fine pile: spray with a small diameter • mouth will The prototype of the rough pile is compensated and modified. The scanning of the above step (c) is performed layer by layer in the step (b) of the workpiece roughing process. When the above workpiece is scanned layer by layer in the step (b), the steps (6), (c), (d), and (e) may be repeated until the workpiece is completed. ± The scanning of the above step (c) is performed in the workpiece step α) the roughing operation is completed ^ one scan' and then the steps (4), (6) are performed until the reading is completed.
上述成型材料係為金屬材料。 上述金屬材料係為鋁。 上述成型材料係為非金屬材料。 述非金屬材料係為塑鋼或塑膠。 又，一種運用, 原型之成形方法，J向工程)技術的閉環誤差控制快速 制系統設定原型卫件了驟係包括有：（a)設f於電腦控 腦系統所傳輪之指令，3D形狀與尺寸；⑹粗堆：依據電 積完成工件m 之噴嘴將成型材料逐層堆 帝描·以掃描器掃描工件雛型之形 1302869 貌，並將所得數據傳輸至電腦；（d)補償運算：透過電腦 將掃描器掃描所得之數據與原設定3D模型進行誤差比對 及補償運算；（e)細堆：以小口徑之喷嘴將粗堆完成之工 件雛型作補償及修飾；（Ο精堆：以超小口徑喷嘴填補補 償作業後各成型材料所產生之間隙。 上述步驟（c)之掃描係於步驟（b)工件粗堆作業加工 時逐層掃描。 φ 上述工件於步驟（b)粗堆作業加工逐層掃描時，可重 覆步驟（b)、（c)、（d)、（e)、（f)直到工件完成。 上述步驟（c)之掃描係於步驟（b)工件粗堆作業完成 時一次掃描，再進行步驟（d)、（e)、（f)直到工件完成。 上述成型材料係為金屬材料。 上述金屬材料係為鋁。 上述成型材料係為非金屬材料。 上述非金屬材料係為塑鋼或塑膠。 • 本發明係具有下列之優點： 1.大幅度提高快速成型系统的成型速度。 2·本發明藉由步驟（c)、（d)、（e)可大幅提昇工件尺 寸之準確度。 3.本發明完成步驟（f)後所得之工件，會更為細緻， 觸感亦較為光滑。 【實施方法】 首先，如第一圖所示，本發明之步驟為： .1302869 ⑷設定：於電腦控制系統設定原型卫件之3d形狀與 尺寸 之 (b) 粗堆：依據電腦系統所傳輸之指令，以大口你 噴嘴將成型材料逐層堆積完成工件離型。 钇 (c) 掃描：以掃描輯描工件雛型之形貌， 數據傳輸至電腦。 f所付 ⑷補償運算：透過電腦將掃描轉插所得 原設定3D模型進行誤差比對及補償運算。 /、 (e)細堆：以小口徑之喷嘴將粗 補償及修飾。 冑-成之工件離型作 (Ο精堆：以超小π徑喷嘴填補補償作 料所產生之間隙。 分战型材 上述㈣⑻之掃描料卫件粗堆作業加卫時逐 七田’粗堆作業係以層層堆疊方式作業， 二 層或數層完畢，則立即掃描，並當工件於 層掃描時，可__)、（小⑷、⑷直到=1 另’步驟（e)之掃描亦可於步雜)粗 後，再進飾描，後騎行步_)、（e)㈣讀完:束 上述之成型材料係可為金屬材料，例如銘。 上述步驟（b)之成型材料係可為非金屬材料，例 如塑鋼或塑膠。 如第一圖所不’其係利用本發明之步驟⑷及⑹所完 全之粗堆原型工件（1 )。 l3〇2869 部玫2閱第三圖’本圖係為粗堆之原型讀⑴之局 成型材二，r於圖中可明顯看見層層堆疊之成型材料（11)， 形成有間…111)，使原型工件⑴ 不足之：為粗H ’圖中之假想線區域係為粗堆後尺寸 处，需以細堆進行補償作業。 如二:第四圖’圖中之嘴嘴⑴係設有複數支，例 第四噴喈on穿^ 噴）、弟三噴嘴（23)、 噴^24)1五噴嘴（25)，其尺寸依序為G imm、The above molding material is a metal material. The above metal material is aluminum. The above molding material is a non-metal material. The non-metallic materials are plastic steel or plastic. In addition, an application, prototype forming method, J-engineering technology, closed-loop error control, rapid system, and prototype system includes: (a) setting the instruction of the wheel in the computer-controlled brain system, 3D shape (6) Coarse pile: The nozzle of the workpiece m is completed according to the electric quantity. The molding material is layered and layered. The shape of the prototype is scanned by the scanner, and the obtained data is transmitted to the computer; (d) compensation operation: Through the computer, the data scanned by the scanner is compared with the original set 3D model for error comparison and compensation calculation; (e) Fine stack: the small-caliber nozzle is used to compensate and modify the rough-formed workpiece prototype; : Filling the gap generated by each molding material after the compensation operation with the ultra-small aperture nozzle. The scanning of the above step (c) is to scan layer by layer in the step (b) during the rough processing of the workpiece. φ The above workpiece is thick in step (b) When the stack processing is scanning layer by layer, steps (b), (c), (d), (e), and (f) may be repeated until the workpiece is completed. The scanning of the above step (c) is performed in step (b) One scan at the completion of the heap job, and then advance Steps (d), (e), and (f) are completed until the workpiece is completed. The molding material is a metal material. The metal material is aluminum. The molding material is a non-metal material. The non-metal material is plastic steel or plastic. The present invention has the following advantages: 1. The molding speed of the rapid prototyping system is greatly improved. 2. The present invention can greatly improve the accuracy of the workpiece size by the steps (c), (d), and (e). The workpiece obtained after the completion of the step (f) of the present invention will be more detailed and the touch is smoother. [Methods of Implementation] First, as shown in the first figure, the steps of the present invention are: .1302869 (4) setting: on the computer The control system sets the 3D shape and size of the prototype guard. (b) Coarse pile: According to the instructions transmitted by the computer system, the forming material is stacked layer by layer with your nozzle to complete the workpiece release. 钇 (c) Scan: Scan The shape of the prototype is transferred, and the data is transmitted to the computer. f (4) Compensation calculation: The original 3D model obtained by scanning and inserting the scan is used for error comparison and compensation calculation. /, (e) Fine pile: small diameter Spray The mouth will be coarsely compensated and modified. 胄-The workpiece is released from the mold (Ο 堆 heap: the gap generated by the compensation of the super small π diameter nozzle is filled. The division of the above-mentioned (4) (8) scanning material guard coarse operation The seven-story 'rough pile operation is performed in a layer-by-layer stacking mode. When two or more layers are completed, it is scanned immediately, and when the workpiece is scanned in the layer, __), (small (4), (4) until =1 other steps are e) The scanning can also be carried out after the step is rough, and then the drawing is carried out. After the riding step _), (e) (4) After reading: the forming material of the beam can be a metal material, such as Ming. The molding material of the above step (b) may be a non-metallic material such as plastic steel or plastic. As shown in the first figure, it is a complete prototype of the prototype (1) which is completed by the steps (4) and (6) of the present invention. L3〇2869 Part 2: The third picture 'This picture is the prototype of the rough pile (1). The shape of the material is shown in the figure. In the figure, the layered layer of the molding material (11) can be clearly seen, forming a...111) To make the prototype workpiece (1) insufficient: the imaginary line area in the rough H' diagram is the size after the coarse pile, and the compensation operation is performed in a thin pile. Such as two: the fourth picture 'the mouth (1) in the figure is provided with a plurality of branches, for example, the fourth sputum on the ^ spray), the third nozzle (23), the spray ^ 24) 1 five nozzles (25), the size In order, it is G imm,
係為超 3.G醜、6』咖等5支，其中，第-喷嘴（2U 嘴嘴徑喷嘴供作精堆之用，第二噴嘴（22)、第三 H)係為小口”嘴供作細堆n，第四喷嘴 \)、弟五喷嘴（25)係為供粗堆用。 第四圖係延續第三圖之細堆補償作業，而如果由第五 則5)〔6_〕進行㈣作業衫足之尺寸為2 〇顏， 作衆q二嘴嘴（23)執行兩次來進行細堆作*;另，粗堆 系後若不足之尺寸為，則由第二噴 兩次來完成細堆〔本實施例不予圖式〕。、嘴（22)執灯 又，如第五圖所示，步驟（f)係以第一噴嘴（Μ)〔超 小口徑喷嘴〕來修飾細堆補償作業後各成型材料（I〗）所 產生之間隙（111)，其填補之圈數以補滿整個 ^原則’此為精堆程序，補滿後則如第六圖所示，其係可 提向原型工件之細緻光滑度。 一、 【圖式簡單說明】 1302869 第一圖為利用本發明方法之步驟圖。 第二圖為利用本發明方法所得粗堆之原型工件平面外觀 圖。 第三圖為利用本發明方法所得粗堆之原型工件之局部放大 圖。 第四圖為利用本發明方法之步驟（e)補償作業之簡易操作 示意圖。 φ 第五圖為利用本發明方法之步驟（f)精堆作業之簡易操作 示意圖。 第六圖為利用本發明方法之步驟（f)精堆作業完成後之示 意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 (1) (111) 原型工件 間隙 (11) 成型材料 (2) 小口徑喷嘴 (21) 第一喷嘴 (22) 第二喷嘴 (23) 第三喷嘴 (24) 第四喷嘴 (25) 第五喷嘴 11It is 5 pieces of Super 3.G ugly, 6′′ coffee, etc. Among them, the first nozzle (2U mouth nozzle is used for fine heap, the second nozzle (22), the third H) is small mouth” For the fine pile n, the fourth nozzle \), the fifth nozzle (25) for the coarse pile. The fourth picture is the continuation of the fine pile compensation operation of the third figure, and if the fifth 5) [6_] (4) The size of the working shirt is 2 〇 颜, and the q 2 嘴 mouth (23) is executed twice to make a fine pile *; in addition, if the size is insufficient after the coarse pile, the second spray is used twice. Finishing the fine pile (this embodiment does not show the figure). The mouth (22) holds the lamp again, as shown in the fifth figure, the step (f) is modified by the first nozzle (Μ) [ultra-small-caliber nozzle] After the pile compensation operation, the gap (111) generated by each molding material (I) is filled to the full circle principle. This is the fine heap program. The smoothness of the prototype workpiece can be lifted. 1. [Simple description of the scheme] 1302869 The first diagram is a step diagram using the method of the invention. The second diagram is a prototype of the coarse heap obtained by the method of the invention. The third drawing is a partial enlarged view of the prototype workpiece obtained by the method of the present invention. The fourth drawing is a simplified operation diagram of the compensation operation using the step (e) of the method of the present invention. φ The fifth figure shows the use of the present invention. Steps of the inventive method (f) Schematic diagram of the simple operation of the fine stacking operation. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the step (f) after the completion of the fine stacking operation using the method of the present invention. [Explanation of main component symbols] (1) (111) Prototype workpiece Gap (11) Molding material (2) Small-diameter nozzle (21) First nozzle (22) Second nozzle (23) Third nozzle (24) Fourth nozzle (25) Fifth nozzle 11