1298768 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於-種複合金屬阻尼器，尤指— 建築結構、可受較大程度之地震，且盔 、 ^ …、而碼心其緩衝流體 5 因受到擠壓而洩出的複合金屬阻尼器。 【先前技術】 _ 圖1係習知複合金屬阻尼器的立體示意圖，其包括套筒 部^及活塞部12兩部分，兩者的材質均為不鑛鋼。其中， 10 ，筒部11容納有一由矽油構成的缓衝流體13於其中，、且活 塞部12在地震來襲時於緩衝流體13中往覆地移動，以吸收 施加於習知複合金屬阻尼器兩端的壓力。此外，活塞部U 設有複數個貫孔12卜以使由石夕油構成的緩衝流㈣可通過 活塞部12而從活塞部的一侧流動至另一側。抽桿122一端與 15活塞12連接’其穿透套筒部u而出並於其另一端設有备 «則23，使得軸桿122及與其連接之活塞部12固定於建' •築結構的第-部分（如房屋的樑）。另一方面，套筒部"相對 於魚眼接頭123的另一端另設有萬向接頭丨丨丨，使得套筒部 11固疋於建築結構的第二部分（如房屋的柱當灌注緩衝流 20體13於習知之複合金屬阻尼器時，需將由石夕油組成之緩衝 流體13緩緩地經由緩衝流體注入口 112注入套筒部丨丨内，直 到有緩衝流體13從位於套筒部u另一端的緩衝流體洩出口 113机出便停止。接著，再將緩衝流體注入口 ιι2及緩衝流 體洩出口 113分別利用蓋子密封。 1298768 當地震發生時，建築結構的第-部分（如房屋的樑声第 二部分（如房屋的柱）會因為受力大小的不同或慣性作用、的 緣故而具有不同大小的位移。意即，房屋的樑與柱兩者之 門上產生相對位矛多，造成藉由魚眼接頭123而固定於屋標的 5活基邛12與藉由萬向接頭lu而固定於柱的套筒部u之間 產生位移，使得活塞部12推擠容納於套筒部^的緩衝流體 13以改Μ其位置。此時，緩衝流體13便受到活塞部^的堆 擠而開始流動，使得緩衝流體13同時朝向緩衝流體注入口 112及緩衝流體玫出口 113擠壓。 10 因此，一旦緩衝流體13所受到的壓力超過一定程度，緩 2流體注入口 112或緩衝流體洩出口 U3的密封便會被緩衝 冰體13擠開而失效，緩衝流體丨3便洩出至外界，造成習知 ，合金屬阻尼器無法繼續運作以提供其「制震」功能。此 時，除非將整個習知複合金屬阻尼器換新，否則建築結構 15便無法党到保護習知複合金屬阻尼器。所以，當地震發生 後:習知複合金屬阻尼器須一一接受檢查，檢視是否有緩 衝w體洩出的現象。一旦發現有緩衝流體洩出的現象發 生，整個複合金屬阻尼器必須拆除及更換新品。可是，這 些檢測及更換複合金屬阻尼器的程序不僅非常複雜（包括 2〇 挖掉部分牆面以露出整個複合金屬阻尼器）、非常耗時，且 有可能破壞到建築結構本身。 因此’業界需要一種可承受較大程度之地震，且無需 擔心其緩衝流體因受到擠壓而洩出的複合金屬阻尼器。 J298768 【發明内容】 套= ί屬阻尼器，包括：-套筒部；-容置於此 塞部’此活塞部挖設有複數個貫孔；—穿透此 51298768 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a composite metal damper, especially a building structure, which can be subjected to a large degree of earthquake, and a helmet, a ... 5 Composite metal damper leaking due to extrusion. [Prior Art] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional composite metal damper, which includes a sleeve portion and a piston portion 12, both of which are made of non-mineral steel. Wherein, 10, the cylindrical portion 11 accommodates a buffer fluid 13 composed of eucalyptus oil therein, and the piston portion 12 moves in the buffer fluid 13 when the earthquake strikes to absorb and apply to the conventional composite metal damper. Pressure at both ends. Further, the piston portion U is provided with a plurality of through holes 12 so that the buffer flow (four) composed of the celestial oil can flow from one side of the piston portion to the other side through the piston portion 12. One end of the pumping rod 122 is connected to the 15 piston 12, which penetrates the sleeve portion u and is provided at the other end thereof, so that the shaft 122 and the piston portion 12 connected thereto are fixed to the structure. Part-part (such as the beam of a house). On the other hand, the sleeve portion " is provided with a universal joint 相对 at the other end of the fisheye joint 123, so that the sleeve portion 11 is fixed to the second part of the building structure (such as the column of the house as a perfusion buffer) When the flow 20 body 13 is in a conventional composite metal damper, the buffer fluid 13 composed of the zea oil is slowly injected into the sleeve portion through the buffer fluid injection port 112 until the buffer fluid 13 is located from the sleeve portion. The buffer fluid discharge port 113 at the other end is stopped, and then the buffer fluid injection port ι2 and the buffer fluid vent 113 are sealed by the cover, respectively. 1298768 When the earthquake occurs, the first part of the building structure (such as the house) The second part of the beam sound (such as the column of the house) will have different displacements due to the difference in the magnitude of the force or the inertia. That is to say, there are more spears on the door of the beam and the column of the house. The displacement of the 5 movable base 12 fixed to the house by the fish eye joint 123 and the sleeve portion u fixed to the column by the universal joint lu cause the piston portion 12 to be pushed and received in the sleeve portion. Buffer flow 13 to change its position. At this time, the buffer fluid 13 is started to flow by the piston portion, so that the buffer fluid 13 is simultaneously pressed toward the buffer fluid injection port 112 and the buffer fluid rose outlet 113. 10 Therefore, once buffered The pressure applied to the fluid 13 exceeds a certain level, and the seal of the buffer 2 fluid inlet port 112 or the buffer fluid outlet port U3 is dissipated by the buffering ice body 13 and fails, and the buffer fluid 丨 3 is released to the outside, causing conventional knowledge. The metal damper cannot continue to operate to provide its "shocking" function. At this time, unless the entire conventional composite metal damper is renewed, the building structure 15 will not be able to protect the conventional composite metal damper. Therefore, when After the earthquake: the conventional composite metal damper must be inspected one by one to check whether there is a phenomenon of buffering the body. Once the phenomenon of buffer fluid leakage is found, the entire composite metal damper must be removed and replaced with new products. These procedures for detecting and replacing composite metal dampers are not only complicated (including 2 〇 part of the wall to reveal the entire composite metal damper) It is very time consuming and may damage the building structure itself. Therefore, the industry needs a composite metal damper that can withstand a large degree of earthquake without worrying about the buffer fluid being released by being squeezed. J298768 】 Set = ί damper, including: - sleeve part; - accommodated in the plug 'this piston part is dug with a plurality of through holes; - penetrate this 5
10 15 ΐ : 端而連接於此活塞部的軸桿；以及-緩衝流 ::此：衝流體位於此套筒部所包圍之一内部空間中。此 —此Μ β於相對於其第一端的第二端另設有一第一固 疋早70 ’而此軸桿於相對於此活塞部之第三端更設有-第 二固定單元。 藉由鄰近於活塞部之緩衝流體的「受壓液化現 象」與液化之緩衝流體從活塞部的—側經過貫孔而流動至 活塞部另-側的現象，本發明之複合金屬阻尼器可大幅吸 收地展時建築結構的第一部分（如房屋的襟）與第二部分（如 房屋的柱）分別施加於其活塞部與其套筒部的壓力，使得兩 者之間的相對位移程度限制在某一可接受的範圍内。所 、本毛月之複合金屬阻尼器可使分別與其活塞部及套筒 部連接之建築結構第一部分（如房屋的樑）與帛二部分（如房 屋的柱）在地震時的相對位移控制在一可接受的範圍内，達 到其於地震時保護房屋主體結構的「制震」效果。除此之 外，由於本發明之複合金屬阻尼器係使用具有「受壓液化」 特性之鉛合金做為其緩衝流體，本發明之複合金屬阻尼器 即便在承受巨大壓力時也僅有位於其活塞部附近的緩衝流 體（氣a金）因承受的壓力夠大而液化成液態狀的錯合金，而 那些距離其活塞部較遠的緩衝流體（鉛合金）仍維持固態。意 即’那些位於本發明之複合金屬阻尼器之緩衝流體注入口 20 J298768 與緩衝流體洩出口附近的緩衝流體（鉛合金）仍為固態。因 此’即便本發明之複合金屬阻尼器之緩衝流體注入口與緩 衝流體洩出口的密封失效，本發明之複合金屬阻尼器所使 用緩衝流體（鉛合金）並不會洩出，也不會使得整個複合金屬 5 阻尼器因緩衝流體漏失而喪失其原本制震的功能。所以， 本發明之複合金屬阻尼器可輕易地克服習知複合金屬阻尼 器之容易因其緩衝流體（矽油）漏失而喪失制震功能的缺點。 本發明之複合金屬阻尼器可更包括任何類型的開口， 其較佳更包括一緩衝流體注入口及一緩衝流體洩出口。本 10 發明之複合金屬阻尼器可使用任何種類的緩衝流體，其較 佳為任何具有高壓縮比特性的流體，其最佳為鉛合金。本 發明之複合金屬阻尼器可使用任何成分組成的鉛合金做為 其緩衝流體，其鉛含量百分比較佳介於90%及100%之間。 本發明之複合金屬阻尼器之套筒部可具有任何形狀的剖 15面，其剖面較佳為圓形或橢圓形。本發明之複合金屬阻尼 器之套筒部可由任何種類材質構成，其材質較佳為鋼或不 鏽鋼。本發明之複合金屬阻尼器之活塞部可設有任何數目 的貫孔，其數目較佳介於丨至8之間。本發明之複合金屬阻 尼器之活塞部可具有任何大小的開口率，其開口率較佳介 20於1〇%至60%之間。本發明之複合金屬阻尼器可具有任何類 型的第一固定單元，其較佳為萬向接頭或魚眼接頭。本發 明之複合金屬阻尼器可具有任何類型的第二固定單元，^ 較佳為萬向接頭或魚眼接頭。 ' 1298768 【實施方式】 圖2A係本發明之複合金屬阻尼器的立體示意圖，其係 應用於建築結構的制震結構。本發明之複合金屬阻尼器包 括套筒部21及活塞部22兩部分，兩者的材質均為不鏽鋼， 5 且套筒部21之剖面係為圓形。此外，套筒部21容納有一由 含鉛量98%以上之鉛合金所構成的緩衝流體23於其中。當地 震來襲時，活塞部22便於緩衝流體23中往覆地移動，以吸 收施加於本發明之複合金屬阻尼器的壓力。此外，活塞部 > 22設有8個貫孔221，使得活塞部22之開口率約為25%。軸桿 10 222—端與活塞部22連結，且其穿透套筒部21而出並於其另 一端設有魚眼接頭223，使得軸桿222及活塞部22固定於建 築結構的第一部分（如房屋的樑）。另一方面，套筒部21相對 於魚眼接頭223的另一端另設有萬向接頭211，使得套筒部 21固定於建築結構的第二部分（如房屋的柱）。 15 當灌注緩衝流體23(由鉛合金構成）於本發明之複合金 屬阻尼器時，本發明之複合金屬阻尼器的套筒部21、活塞 > 部22、軸桿222及緩衝流體23均需先被加熱至一高於緩衝流 體23(由含鉛量98%以上的鉛合金構成）之熔點的溫度（約為 攝氏300度）。此時，緩衝流體23係呈液態並可缓慢地流動。 20 接著，將緩衝流體23經由緩衝流體注入口 212注入套筒部21 内。需注意的是，套筒部21、活塞部22及軸桿222的溫度仍 必須维持在前述之溫度（約為攝氏300度），直到有缓衝流體 23從位於套筒部21另一端的緩衝流體洩出口 213流出。此 時，停止注入緩衝流體23於套筒部21内並將緩衝流體注入 ,1298768 口 212及緩衝流體浅出口扣分別封閉。最後，緩慢地且均 句也使本毛月之複合金屬阻尼器的溫度逐漸下降，使位於 套筒部21内之緩衝流體23逐漸冷卻而轉變為固態（成為鉛 合金塊）。 5 Μ震來㈣’建築結構的第-部分（如房屋的樑）與第 邛刀（如房屋的柱）會因為受力大小的不同或慣性作用的 緣故而具有不同大小的位移。所以，房屋的襟與柱兩者之 間會產生相對位移，造成藉由魚眼接頭223而固定於屋樑的 活塞。卩22與藉由萬向接頭21丨而固定於柱的套筒部η之間 10產生相對位移，使得活塞部22推擠容納於套筒部21的緩衝 流體23以改變其在套筒部21的位置。此時，鄰近於活塞部 22的緩衝流體23便因受到活塞部22的巨大壓力而液化成可 流動之流體，且部分液化的緩衝流體23便經過活塞部“之 貫孔221而從活塞部22的一側「流動」至另一側。這些現象 15 (緩衝流體之「受壓液化」及通過貫孔的流動）均可消耗施加 於活塞部22的壓力，一旦活塞部22無法再繼續移動時（施加 於其上的壓力均已被吸收），緩衝流體23便再度轉變為原先 的固態狀（鉛合金塊），使得活塞部22再次於套筒部21内固定 其位置。 20 如前所述，由於本發明之複合金屬阻尼器的活塞部22 需要施加極大的壓力於緩衝流體23，緩衝流體23才會持續 地液化成可流動的液態，且緩衝流體23可能通過貫孔221流 動，所以本發明之複合金屬阻尼器可在地震來襲時吸收建 築結構的第一部分（如房屋的樑）與第二部分（如房屋的柱） J298768 刀別施加於本發明之複合金屬阻尼器的活塞部22與套筒部 21的壓力，使得本發明之複合金屬阻尼器之套筒部a與活 塞部22兩者之間的相對位移程度（即房屋的樑與柱之間的 相對位移大小）限制在某一可接受的範圍内。因此，本發明 5之複合金屬阻尼器可使分別與其活塞部22及套筒部21連接 之建築結構第一部分（如房屋的樑）與第二部分（如房屋的柱） 在地震時的相對位移控制在一可接受的範圍内，達到其於 地震時保護房屋主體結構的r制震」效果。 另一方面，當裝設有本發明之複合金屬阻尼器的建築結 10 構遇到較小規模的地震時，建築結構之型變而施加於本發 明之複合金屬阻尼器的壓力及活塞部施加於緩衝流體的壓 力也就比較小。此時，緩衝流體發生液化現象的區域（塑化 區）範圍比較有限，僅限於鄰近於活塞部的部分。但是，當 地震規模較大時，建築結構施加於本發明之複合金屬阻尼 15 器的壓力及活塞部施加於緩衝流體的壓力也較大。此，時 缓衝流體23發生液化現象的區域（塑化區）範圍較大，不再僅 限於鄰近於活塞部2 2的部分。此外’本發明之複合金屬阻 尼器更可利由控制設於其活塞部22之貫孔221之數目與截 面積的方式（即控制活塞部22之開口率），控制液化之緩衝流 20 體23通過活塞部22的難易度，進而控制本發明之複合金屬 阻尼器對於外界壓力的反應靈敏度。一般而言，複合金屬 阻尼器對於外界壓力的反應靈敏度可由其應力·應變曲線 看出。 11 J298768 圖2B係本發明之複合金屬阻尼器之應力__應變曲線的示 意圖，其中貫線代表外界壓力較小的情況（對應於較小規模 的地震），其形狀近似於平行四邊形。另一方面，虛線代表 外界壓力較大的情況（對應於較大規模的地震），其形狀除了 5中心部分仍近似於平行四邊形外，其右上端及左下端更分 別向外延伸。所以，不管外界所施加壓力的大小，本發明 之複合金屬阻尼器均可持續正常地運作，即當外界壓力消 失後，本發明之複合金屬阻尼器仍可回復到其初始狀態， 預備面對下一次地震的來襲。 10 相較而言，使用矽油為其緩衝流體之習知複合金屬阻尼 器的應用範圍就小得多。因為，一旦外界施加於習知複合 金屬阻尼器的壓力超過其「線性區間」時，如強烈地震: 襲時，其緩衝流體有可能因為緩衝流體注入口及緩衝流體 浅出口的密封破裂而拽出。此時，即便外界壓力即刻消失 15 (短時間的地震）’習知複合金屬阻尼器仍會產生無法回復的 變化而喪失其制震能力。此時，除了須將整個習知複合金 屬阻尼器換新或重新灌注緩衝流體（如石夕油）於其中，習知複 合金屬阻尼器才能再次提供其保護建築結構的「制震」功 能0 20 圖3至圖6係本發明之複合金屬阻尼器應用於不同場人 的7F意圖’以提供其保護建築結構的「制震」功能。° 如圖3所示，本發明之複合金屬阻尼器的套筒仙及鱼 絲部（圖中未示）連接之軸桿32分別固定於第-柱331與第 -柱332。但由於本發明之複合金屬阻尼器的尺寸大小必須 12 1298768 有其限制，否則本發明之複合金屬阻尼器無法提供一定程 度的制震功能。所以，第一柱331與第二柱332兩者之間的 距離不能太遠，且樓層的高度（本層樓板35與上層樓板34之 間的距離）也因而有所限制。 5 為了克服上述限制，另外一種安裝方式係將兩個本發明 之複合金屬阻尼器的套筒部411,421分別固定於一鋼條結 構43上，而它們的軸桿412,422則分別固定於上層樓板44 • 上。此外，鋼條結構43則固定於本層樓板45，如圖4所示。 如此，藉由增加一個鋼條結構43，前述之樓層高度限制（上 10 層樓板44與本層樓板45之間的距離）就可以輕易克服，且不 再需要兩個立柱便可以安裝。另一方面，如圖所示，由於 兩個本發明之複合金屬阻尼器係分別安裝於不同的方向 上，所以不論上層樓板44及本層樓板45兩者之間如何的位 移（不論在水平方向上或垂直方向上），這兩個本發明之複合 15 金屬阻尼器均可提供其保護建築結構的制震功能。 另外，若碰到樓層高度更高的情況，如挑高之客廳，本 發明之複合金屬阻尼器則亦可安裝於兩個分別固定於上層 樓板及本層樓板的鋼條結構上，如圖5所示。其中，本發明 之複合金屬阻尼器的套筒部51與軸桿52分別連接於第一鋼 20 條結構53 1(固定於本層樓板54)與第二鋼條結構532(固定於 上層樓板55)。如此，藉由連接於第一鋼條結構531與第二 鋼條結構532,本發明之複合金屬阻尼器便可應用於此一樓 層高度較高的情況。此外，本發明之複合金屬阻尼器除了 圖5所示的水平安裝方式以外，本發明之複合金屬阻尼器亦 13 1298768 可傾斜地安裝，以同時在水平及垂直的方向上提供其制震 功能。 此外，除了連接於前述之鋼條結構以外，本發明之複合 金屬阻尼器亦可與固定於樓板的鋼板連接。如圖6所示，本 5 發明之複合金屬阻尼器的套筒部61與軸桿62分別連接於第 一鋼板631(固定於本層樓板64)與第二鋼板632(固定於上層 樓板65)。如此，藉由連接於第一鋼條鋼板631與第二鋼板 632,本發明之複合金屬阻尼器便可應用於樓層高度較高的 着 情況。此外，本發明之複合金屬阻尼器除了圖6所示的水平 10 安裝方式以外，本發明之複合金屬阻尼器亦可傾斜地安 裝，以同時在水平及垂直的方向上提供其制震功能。 綜上所述，藉由鄰近於活塞部之緩衝流體的「受壓液 化現象」與液化之緩衝流體從活塞部的一側經過貫孔而流 動至活塞部另一侧的現象，本發明之複合金屬阻尼器可大 15幅吸收地震時建築結構的第一部分（如房屋的樑）與第二部 分（如房屋的柱）分別施加於其活塞部與其套筒部的壓力，使 • 得兩者之間的相對位移程度限制在某一可接受的範圍内。 所以，本發明之複合金屬阻尼器可使分別與其活塞部及套 筒部連接之建築結構第一部分（如房㈣襟）與第二部分（如 2〇房屋的柱）在地震時的相對位移控制在一可接受的範圍 内，達到其於地震時保護房屋主體結構的「制震」效果。 除此之外，由於本發明之複合金屬阻尼器係使用具有「受 ，液化」特性之錯合金做為其緩衝流體，本發明之複合金 屬阻尼器即便在承受巨大壓力時也僅有位於其活塞部附近 1298768 的緩衝流體（鉛合金）因承受的壓力夠大而液化成液態狀的 鉛合金，而那些距離其活塞部較遠的緩衝流體（鉛合金）仍維 持固悲。意即，那些位於本發明之複合金屬阻尼器之緩衝 流體注入口與緩衝流體洩出口附近的緩衝流體（鉛合金）仍 5為固態。因此，即便本發明之複合金屬阻尼器之緩衝流體 庄入口與緩衝流體洩出口的密封失效，本發明之複合金屬 阻尼器所使用緩衝流體（鉛合金）並不會洩出，也不會使得整 個複合金屬阻尼器因緩衝流體漏失而喪失其原本制震的功 > 能。所以，本發明之複合金屬阻尼器可輕易地克服習知複 10 合金屬阻尼器之容易因其緩衝流體（矽油）漏失而喪失制震 功能的缺點。上述實施例僅係為了方便說明而舉例而已， 本發明所主張之權利範圍自應以申請專利範圍所述為準， 而非僅限於上述實施例。 15 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係習知複合金屬阻尼器的立體示意圖。 B 圖2 A係本發明之複合金屬阻尼器的立體示意圖。 圖2B係本發明第一較佳實施例之複合金屬阻尼器之應力_ 應變曲線的示意圖。 20 圖3至圖6係本發明之複合金屬阻尼器應用於不同應用場合 的示意圖。 、 【主要元件符號說明】 11套筒部 ill萬向接頭112緩衝流體注入口 15 1298768 \礞10 15 ΐ : the shaft connected to the piston at the end; and - the buffer flow :: this: the flushing fluid is located in an inner space surrounded by the sleeve portion. The Μβ is further provided with a first solid 70' relative to the second end of the first end, and the shaft is further provided with a second fixing unit at a third end opposite to the piston. The composite metal damper of the present invention can be greatly increased by the phenomenon that the "pressure liquefaction phenomenon" of the buffer fluid adjacent to the piston portion and the liquefied buffer fluid flow from the side of the piston portion through the through hole to the other side of the piston portion. The first part of the building structure (such as the raft of the house) and the second part (such as the column of the house) are respectively applied to the pressure of the piston part and the sleeve part thereof when the grounding is absorbed, so that the relative displacement between the two is limited to a certain degree. Within an acceptable range. The composite metal damper of this month can control the relative displacement of the first part of the building structure (such as the beam of the house) and the second part (such as the column of the house) connected to the piston part and the sleeve part respectively during the earthquake. Within an acceptable range, it achieves the "seismic" effect of protecting the main structure of the house during an earthquake. In addition, since the composite metal damper of the present invention uses a lead alloy having "pressure liquefaction" characteristics as its buffer fluid, the composite metal damper of the present invention is only located at its piston even under great pressure. The buffer fluid (gas a gold) near the part is liquefied into a liquid alloy due to the high pressure, and the buffer fluid (lead alloy) farther from the piston portion remains solid. That is, those buffer fluid injection ports 20 J298768 located in the composite metal damper of the present invention and the buffer fluid (lead alloy) near the buffer fluid discharge port are still solid. Therefore, even if the sealing fluid injection port of the composite metal damper of the present invention fails the sealing of the buffer fluid discharge port, the buffer fluid (lead alloy) used in the composite metal damper of the present invention does not leak out, and does not cause the entire The composite metal 5 damper loses its original shock-damping function due to the loss of buffer fluid. Therefore, the composite metal damper of the present invention can easily overcome the disadvantage that the conventional composite metal damper is easily lost due to the loss of the buffer fluid (oil). The composite metal damper of the present invention may further include any type of opening, and preferably further includes a buffer fluid injection port and a buffer fluid vent. The composite metal damper of the present invention may use any kind of buffer fluid, which is preferably any fluid having a high compression ratio characteristic, and is preferably a lead alloy. The composite metal damper of the present invention can use a lead alloy of any composition as a buffer fluid, and the lead content percentage thereof is preferably between 90% and 100%. The sleeve portion of the composite metal damper of the present invention may have a cross-sectional shape of any shape, and the cross section thereof is preferably circular or elliptical. The sleeve portion of the composite metal damper of the present invention may be made of any kind of material, and the material thereof is preferably steel or stainless steel. The piston portion of the composite metal damper of the present invention may be provided with any number of through holes, the number of which is preferably between 丨 and 8. The piston portion of the composite metal damper of the present invention may have an opening ratio of any size, and the opening ratio is preferably between 20% and 60%. The composite metal damper of the present invention may have any type of first fixing unit, preferably a universal joint or a fisheye joint. The composite metal damper of the present invention may have any type of second fixing unit, preferably a universal joint or a fisheye joint. [1298768] Fig. 2A is a perspective view showing a composite metal damper of the present invention, which is applied to a vibration-damping structure of a building structure. The composite metal damper of the present invention comprises both the sleeve portion 21 and the piston portion 22, both of which are made of stainless steel, 5 and the sleeve portion 21 has a circular cross section. Further, the sleeve portion 21 accommodates a buffer fluid 23 composed of a lead alloy having a lead content of 98% or more. When the local earthquake strikes, the piston portion 22 facilitates the upward movement of the buffer fluid 23 to absorb the pressure applied to the composite metal damper of the present invention. Further, the piston portion > 22 is provided with eight through holes 221 such that the opening ratio of the piston portion 22 is about 25%. The shaft 10 222 is coupled to the piston portion 22 and penetrates the sleeve portion 21 and is provided at its other end with a fish eye joint 223 such that the shaft 222 and the piston portion 22 are fixed to the first portion of the building structure ( Such as the beam of the house). On the other hand, the sleeve portion 21 is additionally provided with a universal joint 211 with respect to the other end of the fisheye joint 223, so that the sleeve portion 21 is fixed to the second portion of the building structure (e.g., the column of the house). 15 When the buffer fluid 23 (consisting of lead alloy) is applied to the composite metal damper of the present invention, the sleeve portion 21, the piston portion 22, the shaft 222, and the buffer fluid 23 of the composite metal damper of the present invention are required. It is first heated to a temperature above the melting point of the buffer fluid 23 (consisting of a lead alloy having a lead content of 98% or more) (about 300 degrees Celsius). At this time, the buffer fluid 23 is in a liquid state and can flow slowly. 20 Next, the buffer fluid 23 is injected into the sleeve portion 21 via the buffer fluid injection port 212. It should be noted that the temperature of the sleeve portion 21, the piston portion 22 and the shaft 222 must still be maintained at the aforementioned temperature (about 300 degrees Celsius) until the buffer fluid 23 is buffered from the other end of the sleeve portion 21. The fluid discharge port 213 flows out. At this time, the injection of the buffer fluid 23 into the sleeve portion 21 is stopped and the buffer fluid is injected, and the 1298768 port 212 and the buffer fluid shallow outlet button are respectively closed. Finally, the slow and uniform sentence also gradually lowers the temperature of the composite metal damper of the present month, so that the buffer fluid 23 located in the sleeve portion 21 is gradually cooled and turned into a solid state (becomes a lead alloy block). 5 Μ 来 ( (4) The first part of the building structure (such as the beam of the house) and the first trowel (such as the column of the house) will have different displacements due to the different forces or inertia. Therefore, a relative displacement between the crucible and the column of the house causes a piston fixed to the beam by the fish eye joint 223. The cymbal 22 is displaced relative to the sleeve portion η fixed to the column by the universal joint 21 丨 10 such that the piston portion 22 pushes the buffer fluid 23 accommodated in the sleeve portion 21 to change it at the sleeve portion 21 s position. At this time, the buffer fluid 23 adjacent to the piston portion 22 is liquefied into a flowable fluid by the tremendous pressure of the piston portion 22, and the partially liquefied buffer fluid 23 passes through the through hole 221 of the piston portion from the piston portion 22. One side "flows" to the other side. These phenomena 15 (the "pressure liquefaction" of the buffer fluid and the flow through the through hole) can consume the pressure applied to the piston portion 22, and once the piston portion 22 can no longer move (the pressure applied thereto has been absorbed) The buffer fluid 23 is again converted into the original solid state (lead alloy block), so that the piston portion 22 is again fixed in its position in the sleeve portion 21. 20 As described above, since the piston portion 22 of the composite metal damper of the present invention needs to apply a great pressure to the buffer fluid 23, the buffer fluid 23 is continuously liquefied into a flowable liquid state, and the buffer fluid 23 may pass through the through hole. 221 flows, so the composite metal damper of the present invention can absorb the first part of the building structure (such as the beam of the house) and the second part (such as the column of the house) when the earthquake strikes. J298768 is applied to the composite metal damping of the present invention. The pressure between the piston portion 22 and the sleeve portion 21 of the device causes the relative displacement between the sleeve portion a and the piston portion 22 of the composite metal damper of the present invention (i.e., the relative displacement between the beam and the column of the house) Size) is limited to an acceptable range. Therefore, the composite metal damper of the present invention 5 can cause the relative displacement of the first part of the building structure (such as the beam of the house) and the second part (such as the column of the house) connected to the piston portion 22 and the sleeve portion 21, respectively, during an earthquake. The control is within an acceptable range to achieve the effect of r-seismic protection of the main structure of the house during an earthquake. On the other hand, when the building structure 10 equipped with the composite metal damper of the present invention encounters a small-scale earthquake, the shape of the building structure is applied to the pressure of the composite metal damper of the present invention and the piston portion is applied. The pressure in the buffer fluid is also relatively small. At this time, the range in which the buffer fluid liquefies (plasticizing zone) is limited, and is limited to the portion adjacent to the piston portion. However, when the magnitude of the earthquake is large, the pressure applied to the composite metal damper of the present invention and the pressure applied to the buffer fluid by the piston portion are also large. Thus, the region (plasticizing zone) in which the buffer fluid 23 is liquefied is large in range and is no longer limited to only the portion adjacent to the piston portion 22. Further, the composite metal damper of the present invention can control the liquefied buffer flow 20 body 23 by controlling the number and cross-sectional area of the through holes 221 provided in the piston portion 22 (i.e., controlling the opening ratio of the piston portion 22). The sensitivity of the composite metal damper of the present invention to external pressure is controlled by the difficulty of the piston portion 22. In general, the sensitivity of a composite metal damper to external pressure can be seen by its stress-strain curve. 11 J298768 Fig. 2B is a schematic view showing a stress __strain curve of the composite metal damper of the present invention, wherein the line represents a case where the external pressure is small (corresponding to a small-scale earthquake), and its shape approximates a parallelogram. On the other hand, the dotted line represents a case where the external pressure is large (corresponding to a large-scale earthquake), and its shape is similar to the parallelogram except that the center portion is 5, and the upper right end and the lower left end are further extended outward. Therefore, regardless of the magnitude of the external pressure applied, the composite metal damper of the present invention can continue to operate normally, that is, when the external pressure disappears, the composite metal damper of the present invention can still return to its initial state, ready to face down. An earthquake struck. In comparison, the range of applications of conventional composite metal dampers using eucalyptus oil as their buffer fluid is much smaller. Because, once the external pressure applied to the conventional composite metal damper exceeds its "linear interval", such as a strong earthquake: the buffer fluid may be ejected due to the seal rupture of the buffer fluid injection port and the buffer fluid shallow outlet. . At this time, even if the external pressure disappears immediately 15 (short-term earthquake), the conventional composite metal damper still produces an unrecoverable change and loses its shock-absorbing ability. In this case, in addition to the replacement of the entire conventional composite metal damper or the refilling of the buffer fluid (such as Shixia oil), the conventional composite metal damper can again provide its "shocking" function to protect the building structure. 3 to 6 are the 7F intentions of the composite metal damper of the present invention applied to different people to provide a "shocking" function for protecting the building structure. As shown in Fig. 3, the sleeve of the composite metal damper of the present invention and the shaft 32 to which the fish wire portion (not shown) is attached are fixed to the first column 331 and the first column 332, respectively. However, since the size of the composite metal damper of the present invention must be limited by 12 1298768, the composite metal damper of the present invention cannot provide a certain degree of damping function. Therefore, the distance between the first column 331 and the second column 332 should not be too far, and the height of the floor (the distance between the floor slab 35 and the upper floor slab 34) is thus limited. In order to overcome the above limitations, another mounting method is to fix the sleeve portions 411, 421 of the two composite metal dampers of the present invention to a steel strip structure 43, respectively, and their shafts 412, 422 are respectively fixed to the upper floor panel 44. on. In addition, the steel strip structure 43 is fixed to the floor slab 45 of this floor, as shown in FIG. Thus, by adding a steel bar structure 43, the aforementioned floor height limitation (the distance between the upper 10 floors 44 and the floor slab 45) can be easily overcome, and no two columns can be installed. On the other hand, as shown in the figure, since the two composite metal dampers of the present invention are respectively installed in different directions, regardless of the displacement between the upper floor slab 44 and the floor slab 45 (whether in the horizontal direction) Both the upper and the vertical direction of the composite 15 metal damper of the present invention can provide a shock-proof function for protecting the building structure. In addition, if the height of the floor is higher, such as the living room with high height, the composite metal damper of the present invention can also be installed on two steel strip structures respectively fixed on the upper floor and the floor, as shown in Fig. 5. Shown. Wherein, the sleeve portion 51 and the shaft 52 of the composite metal damper of the present invention are respectively connected to the first steel 20 structure 53 1 (fixed to the floor slab 54) and the second steel strip structure 532 (fixed to the upper floor slab 55). ). Thus, by connecting the first steel strip structure 531 and the second steel strip structure 532, the composite metal damper of the present invention can be applied to the case where the height of the first floor is high. Further, in addition to the horizontal mounting mode shown in Fig. 5, the composite metal damper of the present invention is also tiltably mounted to provide its shock absorbing function in both horizontal and vertical directions. Further, in addition to being connected to the aforementioned steel strip structure, the composite metal damper of the present invention may be connected to a steel plate fixed to the floor. As shown in FIG. 6, the sleeve portion 61 and the shaft 62 of the composite metal damper of the present invention are respectively connected to a first steel plate 631 (fixed to the floor slab 64) and a second steel plate 632 (fixed to the upper floor slab 65). . Thus, by connecting the first steel strip 631 and the second steel sheet 632, the composite metal damper of the present invention can be applied to a case where the floor height is high. Further, in addition to the horizontal 10 mounting mode shown in Fig. 6, the composite metal damper of the present invention can be mounted obliquely to provide its shock absorbing function in both horizontal and vertical directions. As described above, the "compressed liquefaction phenomenon" of the buffer fluid adjacent to the piston portion and the liquefied buffer fluid flow from one side of the piston portion through the through hole to the other side of the piston portion, and the composite of the present invention The metal damper can absorb 15 pieces of the first part of the building structure (such as the beam of the house) and the second part (such as the column of the house) to the pressure of the piston part and the sleeve part of the building, so that both The degree of relative displacement between them is limited to an acceptable range. Therefore, the composite metal damper of the present invention can control the relative displacement of the first part of the building structure (such as the house (four) 襟) and the second part (such as the column of the 2 〇 house) connected to the piston part and the sleeve part respectively during the earthquake. Within an acceptable range, it achieves the "shocking" effect of protecting the main structure of the house during an earthquake. In addition, since the composite metal damper of the present invention uses a faulty alloy having "accepting, liquefying" characteristics as its buffer fluid, the composite metal damper of the present invention is only located at its piston even under great pressure. The buffer fluid (lead alloy) near 1298768 is liquefied into a liquid lead alloy due to the high pressure, and the buffer fluid (lead alloy) far from the piston portion remains solid. That is, the buffer fluid (lead alloy) located in the vicinity of the buffer fluid injection port and the buffer fluid discharge port of the composite metal damper of the present invention is still solid. Therefore, even if the sealing of the buffer fluid inlet and the buffer fluid discharge port of the composite metal damper of the present invention fails, the buffer fluid (lead alloy) used in the composite metal damper of the present invention does not leak out, and does not cause the entire The composite metal damper loses its original shocking work due to the loss of the buffer fluid. Therefore, the composite metal damper of the present invention can easily overcome the disadvantage that the conventional composite metal damper is easily lost due to the loss of its buffer fluid (oil). The above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples for convenience of description, and the scope of the claims is intended to be limited to the above embodiments. 15 [Simple description of the drawings] Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a conventional composite metal damper. B Figure 2 A is a perspective view of a composite metal damper of the present invention. 2B is a schematic view showing a stress-strain curve of a composite metal damper according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. 20 Figures 3 to 6 are schematic views of a composite metal damper of the present invention applied to different applications. [Main component symbol description] 11 sleeve part ill universal joint 112 buffer fluid injection port 15 1298768 \礞
113缓衝流體洩出口 12活塞部 122軸幹 I23魚眼接頭 21套筒部 211萬向接頭 212 213缓衝流體洩出口 22活塞部 222軸桿 31套筒部 332第二柱 411，421套筒部 44上層樓板 52轴桿 54本層樓板 62轴桿 64本層樓板 223魚眼接頭 32軸桿 34上層樓板 412,422 軸桿 45本層樓板 531第一鋼條結構 55上層樓板 631第一鋼板 65上層樓板 121貫孔 13緩衝流體 緩衝流體注入口 221貫孔 23緩衝流體 331第一柱 35本層樓板 43鋼條結構 51套筒部 532第二鋼條結構 61套筒部 632第二鋼板113 buffer fluid discharge port 12 piston portion 122 shaft trunk I23 fisheye joint 21 sleeve portion 211 universal joint 212 213 buffer fluid discharge port 22 piston portion 222 shaft 31 sleeve portion 332 second column 411, 421 sleeve Part 44 Upper floor slab 52 Axle 54 Main floor slab 62 Axle 64 This floor 223 Fish eye joint 32 Axle 34 Upper floor 412, 422 Axle 45 This floor 531 First steel bar structure 55 Upper floor 631 First steel plate 65 Upper floor Floor 121 through hole 13 buffer fluid buffer fluid injection port 221 through hole 23 buffer fluid 331 first column 35 this floor slab 43 steel strip structure 51 sleeve portion 532 second steel strip structure 61 sleeve portion 632 second steel plate