1298758 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 .本發明係關於一種土石流偵測工法，特別是指一種於土 石流監測區域之溝谷或攔沙壩處橫跨一受緊密拉持之鋼 索，並搭配一感應裝置偵測鋼索有無晃動，以準確偵測上游 是否發生土石流情形之土石流偵測工法。 【先前技術】 : 土石流係為流動體，而流動體中最主要的動力來源即為 拳^ 水流，水流之形成即係降雨；當豪雨來臨時，雨水便會落入 地面’使彳于覆蓋於地表之地質材料會受到雨水之沖刷及侵 蝕，導致表面覆蓋之土層因受雨水沖蝕，而會順著坡度朝下 流入低凹處流動。若雨量較大時，該雨水亦會滲入地表，而 弱化山坡岩層之力學強度，並會順著山坡内之不連續面產生 側向水壓力及上舉水壓力，致使山坡在承受雙重水壓力之下 產生崩移及破壞情形；因此，雨水不僅同時飽和堆積溝谷的 土石地質材料，過量的地下水或滲流水亦會順著溝谷中基盤 底下的不連續面，而往上浮出，當整個浮出的水量大到足以 W抬升整個堆積的土石時，所有堆積體便會開始順著地形坡度 — 向下流動、滑移，進而造成重大天然災害。 k 是故，土石流係受到雨水沖蝕地表而形成，導致土石流 ^之發生時間點實令人難以事先預防，在無法事先預防之情形 下，若能提早發現上游地區已發生土石崩落，而儘速疏散下 游居民，將可降低土石流所造成之災害。 【發明内容】 本發明之目的即在於提供一種可準確偵測到土石流監測 區域之溝谷已發生土石流動情形，以作為疏散下游居民之依 據，進而將土石流所帶來之災害降至最低之土石流偵測工 5 1298758 法0 本發明之次一目的係在於提供一種於土石流監測區域之 =攔沙壩橫跨一鋼索及攝影裝置，並透過一感應裝置價 = ·，、有無晃動，當鋼索受土石流衝擊而晃動時，監測者即 =透過顯示裝置觀看攝影裝置所拍攝之影像，以確認是否發 生土石流情形之土石流偵測工法。 可達成上述發明目的之土石㈣測工法，係於土石流監 測區域之溝谷或攔沙壩等處兩側壁面上各定位一固定基 •座，該固定基座上設置有-感測裝置，並將-鋼索之兩端分 定基座上，使鋼索受緊密拉持，不易隨風晃動， I =基座上之感應裝置相接，使感應裝置可 .旦無=:將-攝影裝置架設於鋼索之上方或下方處，4 置及感應裝置係可以無線或有線方式與一監測主 測主機並與-警報裝置及顯示裝置相接；當土石 :二測〒域之溝谷發生土石流時，該土石流會與鋼索相接 置觸Ϊ仵ΐ石流之滑動力量會將鋼索大幅晃動，致使感應裝 ▲感廡』將觸發信號送至監測主機’該監測主機於收到 命〃…之觸發㈣時’即會驅動警報裝置啟 監測者監測區域之雀公絲加议^, 罚精以通知 ▲過攝”二石流情形，使監測者可透 ♦簡置傳回之影像，得知監測區域是 •動情形’若摘測屬實，則立即疏散下游居民； 可透過網際網路自動撥號至監測者之行 之監測者監測區域疑似發生土石流，使得遠端監控 網際網路連線致監測主機，觀看攝影裳 = 得知是否確實發生土石流情形。 攝之“象’以 【實施方式】 請參閱圖 A、B、C’係本發明所提供之土石流偵測 工 6 1298758 法，其步驟流程為： 步驟-：係於土石流監測區域之溝^或攔沙壩等處之 兩侧壁面11上各緊密定位一相對應之固定基座2，該固定美 座2上並設置有-感測裝置3,並將一鋼索4之兩“ 於固定基座2上’使鋼索4受緊密受拉持成—直線，並橫〆 於土石流監測區域之溝谷i或攔沙壩’且不易受風吹影響： 晃動，並與固定基座2上之感應裝置3相接，使感測裝；3 可摘測鋼索4有無較大幅度之晃動； 步驟二：再將一攝影裝置5架設於鋼索4之上方或下方 處’使其可拍攝土石流監測區域之溝谷i或攔沙壩等處之馬 像；該攝影裝置5可為數位攝影機、或其他可攝錄之裝置^ 步驟三：將感測裝置3及攝影裝置5以無線或有線方式 與-遠端之監測主機6相界接，該監測主機6可為桌上 腦、筆記型電腦、個人數位助理器（pDA)等電子產口 該監測主機6可與一警報裝置71及顯示裳置72相接，:顯2 裝置72可顯示攝影裝置5所拍攝之影像，並將其儲存於 ，機6中，以供日後之調閱、檢視；當土石流監測區域:溝 合1發生土石流9時，該流動之土石流9會與鋼索4相接觸， it:流9之滑動力量會將鋼索4大幅晃動，致使感應農 置3可__索4之晃動’進而以有線或無線方式將鋼索 4晃動之信號送至監測主機6’該監測主機6於收到感應裝置 3+之仏號時，即會驅動警報裝置乃發生警報聲響，藉以通知 監測者土石流監測區域之溝谷丨疑似發生土石流9情形，此 時，監測者可透過顯示裝置72觀看攝影裝置5所拍攝之与 像’以得知監測區域之溝谷i是否確實發生土石流9情开广 若伯測屬實’則立即疏散下游居民；另外，若監測者不在龄 測主機6旁時]亥監測主機6並可透過網際網路81與電传= 7 1298758 者82連結，使其具有自動撥號之功能，而自動撥打監測者之 行動電話83,使得遠端監控者可立即得知監測區域之溝谷！ 疑似發生土石流9情形，而透過網際網路81連線至監測主機 6，亚經由顯示裝置觀看攝影裝置5所拍攝之影像，以確認是 否發生土石流9情形。 本發明所提供之土石流偵測工法，與其他習用技術相互 比較時，更具有下列之優點·· , 1·本發明係可準確偵測到土石流監測區域之溝谷是否發 _ 生土石流動情形，以作為疏散下游居民之依據，進而將土石 " 流所帶來之災害降至最低。 2·本發明係於土石流監測區域之溝谷或攔沙壩等處緊密 橫跨一鋼索及攝影裝置，並透過一感應裝置偵測鋼索有無晃 動，當鋼索受土石流衝擊而晃動時，監測者即會透過攝影裝 置查看是否確實發生土石流情形。 上列詳細說明係針對本發明之一可行實施例之具體說 明’惟該實施例並非用以限制本發明之專利範圍，凡未脫離 本發明技藝精神所為之等效實施或變更，均應包含於本案之 ★ 專利範圍中。 ^ 綜上所述，本案不但在技術思想上確屬創新，並能較習 Λ 用物品增進上述多項功效，應已充分符合新穎性及進步性之 • 法定發明專利要件，爰依法提出申請，懇請貴局核准本件 發明專利申請案，以勵發明，至感德便。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖一 A、Β、C為本發明土石流偵測工法之步驟流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1溝谷 11壁面 8 1298758 »1298758 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a method for detecting earth and stone flow, in particular to a tightly tensioned steel cable at a valley or a sand bar at a soil flow monitoring area, and It is equipped with a sensing device to detect the presence or absence of sloshing of the cable to accurately detect the occurrence of earth and rock flow in the upstream. [Prior Art]: The earth-rock flow system is a fluid body, and the most important source of power in the fluid body is the fist water flow, and the formation of the water flow is rain; when the heavy rain comes, the rain water will fall into the ground. The geological materials on the surface will be washed and eroded by rainwater, causing the soil layer covered by the surface to be washed down by the rainwater, and will flow down the slope into the low concave. If the rainfall is large, the rainwater will also seep into the surface, weakening the mechanical strength of the hillside rock formation, and will generate lateral water pressure and lifting water pressure along the discontinuous surface in the hillside, causing the hillside to withstand double water pressure. The collapse and damage occur; therefore, the rainwater not only saturates the earth and stone geological materials of the valleys, but also the excessive groundwater or seepage water will follow the discontinuous surface under the base in the valley, and float upwards. When the amount of water is large enough to lift up the entire pile of earth and rock, all the piles will begin to follow the slope of the terrain – flowing downwards and slipping, causing major natural disasters. k is the reason why the earth-rock flow system is formed by the rainwater erosion of the surface, which makes it difficult to prevent the occurrence of the earth-rock flow. If it is impossible to prevent it in advance, if it is found early, the earth-rock collapse has occurred in the upstream area, and the speed is as fast as possible. Evacuation of downstream residents will reduce the disaster caused by the earth and rock flow. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide an accurate detection of the occurrence of earth and rock flow in the valleys of the earth-rock flow monitoring area, as a basis for evacuating the downstream residents, thereby minimizing the disaster caused by the earth-rock flow. Measuring 5 1298758 Method 0 The second object of the present invention is to provide a monitoring device in the earth-rock flow area = a sand dam across a steel cable and a photographic device, and through a sensing device price = ·, with or without shaking, when the cable is subjected to soil flow When the shock is shaken, the monitor is to view the image captured by the photographing device through the display device to confirm whether or not the earth-rock flow detecting method of the earth-rock flow situation occurs. The earth-rock (four) measuring method capable of achieving the above object of the invention is to locate a fixed base on each of the two side walls of the gully or the sand dam of the earth-rock flow monitoring area, and the fixed base is provided with a sensing device, and -The two ends of the steel cable are fixed on the base, so that the steel cable is tightly held, and it is not easy to shake with the wind. I = the sensing device on the base is connected, so that the sensing device can be used. No: = The photographic device is erected on the steel cable Above or below, the 4-way and sensing device can be connected to a monitoring main test unit and an alarm device and a display device in a wireless or wired manner; when the earth and stone flow occurs in the gully of the earth and stone, the earth and stone flow will occur. When the wire is connected to the wire, the sliding force of the contact rock will shake the wire, causing the sensor to send a trigger signal to the monitoring host. The monitoring host receives the trigger (4). It will drive the alarm device to open the monitor's monitoring area, and the penalty will be notified to notify ▲ to take over the situation of the second stone flow, so that the monitor can transparently report the returned image and know that the monitoring area is Situation 'If the survey is true, Immediately evacuate the downstream residents; the monitor can be automatically dialed to the monitor through the Internet to monitor the suspected earth-rock flow, so that the remote monitoring of the Internet connection to the monitoring host, watching photography = know whether the earth and stone flow does occur The situation is as follows: [Embodiment] Please refer to Figure A, B, and C'. The earth and stone flow detection worker 6 1298758 method provided by the present invention has the following steps: Step-: is tied to the ditch of the earth-rock flow monitoring area. Or the two side wall surfaces 11 of the sand bar or the like are closely positioned corresponding to a fixed base 2, and the fixed base 2 is provided with a sensing device 3, and two of the steel cables 4 are fixed. On the pedestal 2, the steel cable 4 is tightly held in a straight line and traverses the gully i or the sand dam of the earth-rock flow monitoring area and is not easily affected by the wind: shaking and sensing devices on the fixed base 2 3 is connected to make the sensing device; 3 can be used to measure the cable 4 for a large amplitude of shaking; Step 2: Locating a camera device 5 above or below the cable 4 to make it possible to photograph the valley of the earth-rock flow monitoring area i or sand bar The camera device 5 can be a digital camera or other recordable device. Step 3: The sensing device 3 and the camera device 5 are connected to the remote monitoring host 6 in a wireless or wired manner. The monitoring host 6 can be an electronic product such as a desk brain, a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (pDA), etc. The monitoring host 6 can be connected to an alarm device 71 and a display skirt 72. The display device 72 can be The image captured by the photographing device 5 is displayed and stored in the machine 6 for later review and inspection; when the earth-rock flow monitoring area: the earth-rock flow 9 occurs in the trench 1 , the flowing earth-rock flow 9 and the steel cable 4 Contact, it: the sliding force of the stream 9 will shake the cable 4, causing the induction of the farm 3 can __ cable 4's shaking 'and then wired or wireless signal to the cable 4 to the monitoring host 6' monitoring When the host 6 receives the nickname of the sensing device 3+, it will drive the alarm device to generate an alarm sound, thereby notifying the monitor that the turf of the earth-rock flow monitoring area is suspected to have a rock flow 9 situation. At this time, the monitor can pass through the display device 72. Watching the camera 5 The photographed and the like 'to know whether the gully of the monitoring area does indeed occur, the smuggling of the smuggling, the smuggling, the smuggling, the smuggling, the smuggling, the smuggling, and the smuggling And through the Internet 81 and the fax = 7 1298758 82, it has the function of automatic dialing, and automatically dials the monitor's mobile phone 83, so that the remote monitor can immediately know the valley of the monitoring area! It is suspected that the earth-rock flow 9 is generated, and is connected to the monitoring host 6 through the Internet 81, and the image captured by the photographing device 5 is viewed through the display device to confirm whether or not the earth-rock flow 9 occurs. The earth-rock flow detecting method provided by the invention has the following advantages when compared with other conventional technologies. 1. The invention can accurately detect whether the valley of the earth-rock flow monitoring area is _ raw earth-rock flow situation, As the basis for evacuating the downstream residents, the disaster caused by the earth and stone flow is minimized. 2. The invention is closely connected to a steel cable and a photographic device in a valley or a sand bar of the earth-rock flow monitoring area, and detects whether the cable is swayed through an induction device. When the cable is shaken by the impact of the earth-rock flow, the monitor will Check through the camera to see if the earth and rock flow does occur. The detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is intended to be limited to the scope of the invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the scope of the patent ★. ^ In summary, this case is not only innovative in terms of technical thinking, but also able to enhance the above-mentioned functions more than the use of items. It should be fully in line with the novelty and progressiveness of the statutory invention patents, and apply in accordance with the law. You have approved this invention patent application, in order to invent invention, to the sense of virtue. [Simple description of the diagram] Figure 1 A, Β, C is the flow chart of the steps of the method for detecting the debris flow. [Main component symbol description] 1 Valley 11 Wall 8 1298758 »
固定基座 感測裝置 鋼索 攝影裝置 監測主機 警報裝置 顯示裝置 網際網路 電信業者 之行動電話 土石流Fixed base sensing device cable photographic device monitoring host alarm device display device internet telecom operator mobile phone