TWI298378B - Lamps for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lighting fixture for a vehicle, and more particularly to a vehicle lamp of a free form vehicle and a method of designing the same. [Prior Art] Lighting equipment such as automobiles and other vehicles, such as headlights, often have problems with driving safety. Therefore, national regulations are extremely strict with all aspects of such products. Please refer to Figure 1 for the European version of the low-light type and test point specification of the car headlights. The headlights of the car headlights are equipped with light standards. At different test points, such as 75R, 75L, etc. There are different light distribution specifications. In recent years, many different headlight optical system design methods have been developed, such as multiple reflection surface reflect〇r, MR), poly-ellipsoid-system (PES), and free-form reflector (FR)荨' Among them, 'the free light surface type has the highest overall light utilization efficiency, so the most developmental, free-form surface design method mainly includes (1) variable focus mode and (2) parametric equation mode. The zoom mode is still in the form of a parabola curve, but the focus will vary with the angle or the axial position. However, the number of items and coefficients of the zoom polynomial are not easy to determine, and there is no surface zoom equation, and the intersection of large blocks in the mirror is possible. Produce different degrees of steps, which are prone to cause the light of the 1298378 shot to cause glare. Most of the private methods use high-order parametric surface equation design, but the related parameters, # I IT 0, etc. are not easy to obtain, which makes the design difficult. The parabola mirror surface is used in the existing lamp, and its surface equation is X2 +Υ2 - 4fZ.........., η ................... ............(1) where the focal length f is a fixed value, therefore, the cross section of the mirror surface in the direction of the vertical optical axis (ie, the direction in which the light is illuminated) is circular, so (1) It can be rewritten as: X2 +Y2 = const................... (2) In this way, an optical axisymmetric light pattern will be produced. It does not meet the driving needs. Therefore, it is necessary to rely on the complicated design of the lamp housing to diffuse, deflect or concentrate the light. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a zoom-type free-form vehicle lighting fixture for producing a complete mirror-free segmentation and overall optical domain configuration. A lighting fixture for a vehicle according to the present invention includes a light cover body and a light emitting device, the light cover body having a reflective curved surface having a mirror surface designed by a curved zoom equation, the mirror mask having an optical axis And a cross section of the optical axis perpendicular to the optical axis, the focal length of the mirror surface is gradually changed according to the position Z of the optical axis direction and the angle 0 of the optical axis section; the light emitting device is disposed in the lamp body and emits The light is reflected off the mirror cover through the counter!298378. When the design of the focal length is applied to the entire mirror surface, it is necessary to simultaneously consider the optical axis section and the optical axis direction, and the curved surface zoom equation is R2 = X2 + Y2 = 4 / (θ, Ζ) Ζ;佩Ζ) = / Zheng [^达一纲, ± _4_ /4(^) = fA\ c〇s〇1 φ -f fA2 sin〇2 φ 5 1 ± Λ(β) = fB\ c〇s6] φ + /ΰ2 sin^ φ ^

Seven seven, 61, 62 are adjustable coefficients, ^ is an integer, 0 is the angle on the optical axis, and the boundary condition is /(β9ΖΑ)=ζ/Α(β^ Ϊ(Ρ^β) = ίβ (β) fA^) = fA1 Μθ2) = /β

dZn dZ

Use each part of the mirror 'dr^dF at Ζ==ΖΒ η=0,1,2,...·,Ν. The design, although divided into six complete blocks, the complete smooth mirror, due to the highest utilization of the overall light source, 1298378 pays the world's main trend of energy saving. At the same time, the zoom design in the optical axis section and the optical axis direction has the following advantages: 1. The zoom design of the optical axis section: the elliptical 光 of the optical axis section is asymmetric, and the stacking method of the filament image is generated on the control section. For example, the original fan-shaped distribution is adjusted to an upper flat arrangement, which can be made into a straight cut-off line. 2. The zoom design of the optical axis direction: the optical axis direction curve is designed to be a progressive high-order curve between two parabolas of different focal lengths, which can make the arrangement of the filament image in the direction of the optical axis more elastic, for example, making the medium or weak The light area gradually diffuses away from the strong light area to form a wider distribution of light (the strong light area does not change and the diffusion area can be increased). [Embodiment] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, a schematic view and a cross-sectional view of a lamp according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention are shown. The luminaire 1 〇〇 includes a lamp cover body 101 and a light-emitting device 102. The lamp body ιοί has a reflective curved surface 103. The reflective curved surface 103 has a mirror surface. The light-emitting device 102 is disposed in the light-shielding body 1 ,1. The light is reflected off the mirror body 101 via the reflective surface i 〇3. The mirror mask of the reflective surface 103 has an optical axis (ie, in the direction of illumination of the light), a different position Z on the optical axis, and the other mirror surface has an optical axis perpendicular to the optical axis. The two axial directions of the optical axis are X axis and γ axis. The light-emitting device 102 can be a light bulb, the light bulb has a filament, and the filament has a central axis. In order to generate a light distribution upper edge illumination gradient change is higher than the upper edge 8 1298378 illumination gradient change, it is more suitable for stacking a high gradient cut-off line. This can be achieved by adjusting the position of the center axis of the filament up. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the central axis of the filament is located 1 to 2 millimeters (mm) above the optical axis of the mirror surface, and the preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated at 1.25 mm (m position). 1 _ Optical Axis Cross-Section Zoom Design In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross-section of the asymmetric profile design reflects the mirror surface of the curved surface 103, that is, an elliptical equation using a β-order asymmetry:

\aY -(3) where Rx is the half length of the long axis and RY is the half length of the short axis. When ^ is the standard ellipse, the formula (3) can be rewritten as: (4)

The following relationship satisfies equation (4): 7 = cos 0 so,

^ γ —— =sin彡UJ X^Rxcoi^ , Y^RYs\n^. y2 4 £ + household =cosfl ^ + sinG # . 4 4 反=4/尤Z cosG 彡+ 4/rZ sin0 # 9 ( 5) (6) 1298378 4 4 Therefore, /W = Acos1 + /ySin4··. The zoom equation of the optical axis section is Χ2^Υ2^4/(φ)Ζ............ ..................................(7) Among them, the focal length lake is already a fixed constant, and It is a zoom design that varies with the angle of the optical axis. For example, when 0 is deducted. , indicates the horizontal position, and the focal length is /, for example, as the 90. , indicates the vertical position, the focal length is &, and different, less angle (four) - focal length / W. In addition, in equation (6), it can also be regarded as an adjustable coefficient. Different alpha values only affect the degree of change of the curve, that is, determine the extent to which the boundary effect extends to the interior. When the 4th is large, the ripple effect becomes larger and the effect becomes smaller. In order to control the elasticity of the *light distribution, the equation (6) can be rewritten as; /W = Λ c〇sfl1 + Λ sin°y #................. ..... ......................) When %* is called, you can control the individual effects of Λ and force separately, ie ~4 Λ and ~ In order to apply this zoom design to any crepe angle U~%), rewrite equation (8) as

/(^) = y;cosfl^ + /2sin0^ where 0-ίΜ, .·····(9)

, H 2 Therefore, /(6)=/, /(θ2) = /2. The zoom design of the present invention has specific geometric meanings and basis, in addition to improving the theoretical derivation process, and adding individual effects that can control the enthalpy and enthalpy, respectively, as well as surface designs that can be applied to any creping angle. Please refer to FIG. 4 again, which is a schematic diagram showing the division of the entire mirror surface. If the area is in the lower right quarter of the reflection surface (ie, 1298378, the sixth block 6), (3⁄4 = 27) Focus y at 〇°; fixed at the front end of the filament, at the end of the filament at % = 36 〇 °, the resulting filament image can be adjusted below the horizontal line. 2. The optical axis direction is designed in the direction of the optical axis. The zoom design at different positions Z can change the formula (1) to the form of a cylindrical coordinate: • (10)

R2=4fZ

Wherein the focal length f is a constant, and the size and brightness of the filament images formed at different positions z in the optical axis direction are different. The closer the filament is to the mirror surface, the larger the filament image (but the lower the brightness), and the arrangement of these brightly-sized filament images depends on the setting of the focus position and cannot be changed arbitrarily. Therefore, the mirror surface is far away. The reflective surface portion must conform to the original paraboloid (including curvature), and the middle or near mirror portion can be progressively away from the paraboloid. Therefore, the present invention proposes

R2=4f(Z)Z................................. Two of them assume that the focal length f(Z) is not constant But the polynomial form of z: ηζ)=Σ^ζη............................., eight (11) (12) According to the boundary conditions: /(3⁄4) ~ fg dnR _ dnr _ _ δΖ7"sF at Z==zb η=0,1,2,·····, where ZA is the mirror position closest to the filament, Tian Yuan's position of the mirror of the filament is 'N is an integer, so the zoom side: Equation: 逖11 (13)1298378 /(ζ) = Λ + 'ζΒ^ζλΝ κΖβ^Ζλ,

Applying the aforementioned zoom equation design to the mirror surface, the paraboloid whose focal length is the force gradually deviates from the paraboloid with the focal length as the force. When the (four) is large, the closer to the parabolic parabola, the large filament image formed by the zooming mirror surface (but the shell degree) The lower one can be more outwardly distributed, while the smaller filament image (but higher brightness) has the same position to maintain the glare characteristics.

3 · Zoom design of the reflective surface When the entire mirror surface is designed with a focal length change, it is necessary to take both the optical axis section and the optical axis direction zoom design. Therefore, the zoom equation of the optical axis section and the optical axis direction can be obtained. A curved surface zoom equation for designing the mirror surface is ^=Χ2+72=4/(^Ζ)ζ........................... ..............(14) where focal length /(0,z)=/5 (9) \Zb^Za) ± soil (β) = Λι cos"1 φ + fA2 sin ^ Φ ,

1 soil

Λ(^) = Ϊβ\ c〇s01 φ + fB1 sin02 φ J {^2^)2 ΑΑΑΛ is an adjustable coefficient, N is an integer bound boundary condition /(Θ,Α) = //(9) fiP^ ZB) = fB{0) f from n fMn 12 1298378 Λ(^2) = Λ2 Λ(^2) = Λ2 dnR dnr ar at z=zb η=〇,ι,2,·····,Ν and focal length /(4),z) simultaneously gradual with the angle 0 on the optical axis section and the different position Z of the optical axis direction, since the above equation design equation is still a paraboloid', therefore, it is very convenient in application, and has an optical axis section as well The zoom function in the direction of the optical axis, therefore, can produce a very flexible light distribution, in addition to the high beam, low beam b_) foglamps for vehicles, can also be applied to any luminaire or optical The design of high performance reflective surfaces in the assembly. Referring to Figure 4, there is shown a block diagram of the mirror surface of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The mirror surface can be divided into six blocks, and the first block: the second block, the third block, the fourth block, and the fourth block indicated by the Arabic numerals 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are extracted. The fifth block and the sixth block, each block is arranged in a counterclockwise direction, wherein, because the actual filament has a certain thickness (diameter), the angle between any reflective surface of the mirror surface and the front and rear ends of the filament is Differently, the filament image is a trapezoidal image with different front and rear sizes instead of a parallel rectangular image. Therefore, the first block and the sixth block parent can have a first angle A with respect to a horizontal line 2, the first angle. A can be inclined downward with respect to the horizontal line 2〇〇 (clockwise direction p to 7 degrees, and the preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated at 5 degrees, which can produce a better level of light distribution. The fourth block and The junction of the fifth block may have a second angle B' with respect to the second flat line. The second angle B may be inclined downward (counterclockwise) from 1 to 1 with respect to the horizontal line 2〇0. For example, when the temperature is 2 degrees, a better 15 degree upward light distribution can be produced.

1298378 The preferred embodiment of the present invention is further described by a European standard low beam lamp, which adopts a clear outer lens. The opening size of the reflection cover is about 160 mm (mm), and the H1 bulb is used, and the filament position is 17~ 22 mm (mm), the focal length varies from 15.5 to 22.2 mm (mm). The intersection between the blocks needs to be a smooth joint without a gap. Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the planned optical domain distribution of each block, wherein the intersections of the first block, the sixth block, and the fourth block and the fifth block respectively form a level and The 15 degree light and dark load stop line, and the distribution of the light field should spread to the left and right sides, allowing the design of the lamp housing with a large tilt angle (streamline type). Therefore, the zoom design can be used to make the medium and weak light fields more outward. Expanded dispersion. At the junction of the second block, the third block, and the fifth block and the sixth block, the light does not need to be further diffused downward, because the driver needs a light distribution with a width but not high, so the parabolic characteristics adopted are adopted. Therefore, each block step needs to adopt the mirror zoom design. Although the focal length can be different at each position but it is a gradual continuous change, and the design parameters of each intersection are the same, the deviation can be avoided. Produced. Referring to Figure 6, the total optical domain distribution of the entire mirror surface is shown. Among them, the flat light type of about $16 degrees is distributed around the left and right, and the light and dark intercept line is very clear. The brightest area is: the photometric measurement value of the H_v pilot is as follows.

14 1298378

Any point in the area IV ^ 3 - 2x (E50r) where the measurement points shown in the table s^ s - --L-~s_, (such as B50L points, etc.), are the specifications in the basket diagram European regulations . Looking for Feng Di

<2x28.3 The zoom design of the mirror surface of the present invention, although divided into a light distribution design, is still a county-person> - still a 7-inch complete smooth mirror without a gap due to: the knife is used to the mirror surface Every _ part, so the overall light source utilization] is high, in line with the main trend of the world's lighting energy saving. At the same time, the zoom design in the optical axis section] has the following advantages: 1. The zoom design of the optical axis section: the optical axis section is an asymmetrical ellipse, which can control the stacking method of the filament image on the cross section, for example Adjusting the fan-shaped distribution to the upper flat arrangement makes it possible to straighten the cut-off line. 15 1298378 2. Zoom design in the direction of the optical axis: The curve of the optical axis direction is designed to be a progressive high-order curve between the parabola of two different focal lengths, which makes the arrangement of the filament image in the direction of the optical axis more flexible. Or the weak light region gradually diffuses away from the strong light region to form a wider distribution of light (the strong light region is unchanged and can be added to the region). ^ Therefore, it can be used in high-beam (four), low beam beams and foglamps of vehicles, and can also be applied to the design of performance reflective surfaces in any luminaire or optical component. Although the present invention has been described above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to make the above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present invention more obvious, the detailed description of the drawings is as follows: Figure 1 is a close-up of a European headlight for a car headlight Schematic diagram of lighting type and measuring point specifications. Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a luminaire in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the lamp of the preferred embodiment of Figure 2. Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the division of the mirror surface of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. 16 1298378 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the planned optical domain distribution of each block. Figure 6 is a diagram showing the total optical domain distribution of the entire mirror surface. [Explanation of main component symbols] 100: Luminaire 103: Reflective curved surface 101: Shade body 200: Horizontal line 102: Illumination device 17

Claims (1)

1298378 X. Patent application scope: 1 . A lighting fixture for a vehicle, comprising at least: a lamp cover body having a reflective curved surface having a mirror surface designed by a curved zoom equation, the mirror surface Having an optical axis and an optical axis section perpendicular to the optical axis, the focal length of the mirror surface is gradually changed by the position z of the optical axis direction and the angle of the optical axis section; and a light-emitting device is provided In the lampshade body, light is emitted from the reflector body through the mirror surface; thereby, the mirror surface designed through the curved surface zoom equation forms a completely smooth mirror surface with no gap. 2. The lighting fixture of the vehicle of claim 1, wherein the zoom equation is i?2=Z2 + r2=4/(0,Z)2; wherein, ± soil^θ^ίΑχ^ ΨιΨ^ίΑ2ύη^φ ^ ± soil Λ(^) = fBl cos01 φ + fB2 sin02 φ JJ 2 is an adjustable coefficient, N is an integer, and the scalding condition is 18 1298378 mzA)=/A(0) mzB) =/B(0) /4(^2) = /42 /5(^2) = /52 dnR _ dnr . ^ a Ζ=Ζβ η==0,1,2,····,Ν. 3. The lighting fixture of the traffic harness of claim i, wherein the lighting device has a filament having a central axis, the central axis being substantially 1 to 2 mm above the optical axis (mm) position. 4. The lighting fixture of the vehicle of claim 1, wherein the mirror surface is divided into a first block, a second block, a second block, and a fourth block. a fifth block and a sixth block, each block being arranged in a counterclockwise direction, wherein the intersection of the first block and the sixth block has a first angle with the horizontal line. 5. The lighting fixture of the vehicle of claim 2, wherein the mirror surface is divided into a first block, a second block, a third block, and a fourth block. And a fifth block and a sixth block, wherein the blocks are arranged in a counterclockwise direction, wherein the intersection of the fourth block and the fifth block has a second angle with the horizontal line. 19 1298378 • The lighting of the parent-pass tool as described in item 4 of the Shenqing patent scope, | towel ^ + & ^, Qiu to 7 degrees, the horizontal line of the material is inclined downward (clockwise The downward tilt of the tool is as follows: • The patent is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20