TWI295986B - - Google Patents
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- TWI295986B TWI295986B TW090109511A TW90109511A TWI295986B TW I295986 B TWI295986 B TW I295986B TW 090109511 A TW090109511 A TW 090109511A TW 90109511 A TW90109511 A TW 90109511A TW I295986 B TWI295986 B TW I295986B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- aromatic
- formula
- inactive
- benzene
- Prior art date
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- -1 hydrogen compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 84
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-acid Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoquinolinylidene Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims description 2
- 101100421200 Caenorhabditis elegans sep-1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000005373 Panax quinquefolius Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- AOJFQRQNPXYVLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 AOJFQRQNPXYVLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 abstract description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001905 inorganic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 33
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 33
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Substances ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 21
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 17
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Cs+] XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophenol Chemical compound SC1=CC=CC=C1 RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- AZSHNAKZCWWBSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].CNC Chemical compound [P].CNC AZSHNAKZCWWBSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012038 nucleophile Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1 NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N (E)-cinnamyl alcohol Chemical compound OC\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZPQOPVIELGIULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 ZPQOPVIELGIULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexanethiol Chemical compound CCCCCCS PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 4
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N Quinine Chemical compound C([C@H]([C@H](C1)C=C)C2)C[N@@]1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 4
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanethiol Chemical compound CCCCS WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- VTXVGVNLYGSIAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCS VTXVGVNLYGSIAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethiol Chemical compound CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamylol Chemical compound CC(C)CCO PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CZGCEKJOLUNIFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Chloronitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 CZGCEKJOLUNIFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NPDACUSDTOMAMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Chlorotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 NPDACUSDTOMAMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N as-o-xylenol Natural products CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical compound BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930004069 diterpene Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000004141 diterpene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1F GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WDCYWAQPCXBPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 WDCYWAQPCXBPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZHJIJZEOCBKRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3-fluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 VZHJIJZEOCBKRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWKNBLFSJAVFAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1F PWKNBLFSJAVFAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFQDTOYDVUWQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-4-nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 WFQDTOYDVUWQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RFCQDOVPMUSZMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Naphthalenethiol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S)=CC=C21 RFCQDOVPMUSZMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FZZMTSNZRBFGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-7-fluoroquinazolin-4-amine Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2C(N)=NC(Cl)=NC2=C1 FZZMTSNZRBFGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FRNLBIWVMVNNAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-iodonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(I)=CC=C21 FRNLBIWVMVNNAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WXUAQHNMJWJLTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC(O)=O WXUAQHNMJWJLTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UOBYKYZJUGYBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 UOBYKYZJUGYBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMIIGOLPHOKFCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenylpropionic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 XMIIGOLPHOKFCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000001258 Cinchona calisaya Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WVDYBOADDMMFIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentanethiol Chemical compound SC1CCCC1 WVDYBOADDMMFIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Divinylene sulfide Natural products C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000147568 Laurus nobilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000017858 Laurus nobilis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- OVZWSPNCGKVTFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);tricyanide Chemical compound [La+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] OVZWSPNCGKVTFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003151 mercaptamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- GSCGQEWSUMGSEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxyhydrazine Chemical compound CONN GSCGQEWSUMGSEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHCCDDQKNUYGNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylbutan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCNCC QHCCDDQKNUYGNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- JACMPVXHEARCBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentylpentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCNCCCCC JACMPVXHEARCBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDJYIXGPYCKDOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenylthiohydroxylamine Chemical compound SNC1=CC=CC=C1 GDJYIXGPYCKDOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWHYKZCBTDZBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butylthiohydroxylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NS BWHYKZCBTDZBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCIAGQNZQHYKGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C(O)C(O)=CC2=C1 NCIAGQNZQHYKGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOXKLHIOLJWGPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2,6-triol Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 OOXKLHIOLJWGPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NXPPAOGUKPJVDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-diol Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=C(O)C(O)=CC=C21 NXPPAOGUKPJVDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002828 nitro derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LIXVMPBOGDCSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 LIXVMPBOGDCSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PWXJULSLLONQHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylcarbamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 PWXJULSLLONQHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117953 phenylisothiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-O phenylsulfanium Chemical compound [SH2+]C1=CC=CC=C1 RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006391 phthalonitrile polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000022676 rumination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015212 rumination disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000003303 ruthenium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZTRCELOJRDYMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethanol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LZTRCELOJRDYMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLOQLWBIJZDHET-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylsulfonium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WLOQLWBIJZDHET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012953 triphenylsulfonium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- DEXZEPDUSNRVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-K yttrium(3+);trihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Y+3] DEXZEPDUSNRVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0255—Phosphorus containing compounds
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
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- C07C201/06—Preparation of nitro compounds
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C07C209/10—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms with formation of amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings or from amines having nitrogen atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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Description
1295986
本發明係關於製造芳香族ii素化合物之方法,尤其關於 使用有可能在工業上低廉製造及入手之芳香族氯化合物為 起始原料以利用各種親核體來取代該氯化合物之氣原子而 製成一種作為工業藥品、高分子材料、醫藥、以及農藥等 之製品或中間體有用之經取代之芳香族化合物之方法者。 為製造經取代之芳香族化合物之一方法,已知使芳香族 齒素化合物與親核劑進行反應以利用此親核種來取代該化 合$之齒素原子之芳香族親核取代反應,而一般亦已知芳 香知_素化合物對親核種之反應性顯著低於脂肪族齒素化 ,,對親核種之反應性。然而,如對—硝氯苯、2, 4—二硝 氣本或對-本甲醯氯苯等(活性芳香族幽素化合物)之情 芳香環之某一特定位置有特定取代基之存在時,則 应::ί代基使芳香族_素化合物之_素原子對親核取代 反應頌者活化,變得容易進行該反應。 笑在ΐ:方面’並無此種取代基之存在之如氯苯、對-漠 :二下;匕苯:之不活性芳香族 第頁中所述「若。:二d秒?座㈣著…版 arylhalide(本發明所裎夕χ、丰w 术處理 viny lhal ide t # Λ i9^ ίι 1+ 方矢南素化合物)或 ②一旦將該可刻之反應條件下實施反應,或 ㈣化合物衍導至以其芳香環為配位子之有機
第6頁 1295986 五、發明說明(2) 金屬錯合物,以使該化合物之鹵素原子活化,或③有觸媒 之存在,否則不會與親核劑起反應之情事各別載述於①
Fyfe, in PataiMThe Chemistry of the Hydroxy Groupnpt. 1, pp. 83-124, Interscience Publishers, Inc·, New York, 1971.②Semmelhack and Hall, J. Am. Chem. Soc· , 96, 7091,7092(1974) ; M. Fukui, Y. Endo and T. Oishi, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 28, 3639(1980)或 ③A· A. Moroz and Μ· S· Shvartsberg, Russ. Chem·
Rev. 43, 679-689(1974) ; Mowry, Chem. Rev., 42, 189-283(1948), pp207-209 ;S· L· Buchwald etal., J. Am· Chem· Soc·, 119, 10539-10540(1997) ;S· L. Buchwald etal ·,J· Am· Chem· Soc·,122, 1 36 0- 1 370 ( 2 0 0 0 ) 〇 在不活性芳香族ii素化合物中,尤其芳香族氯化合物之 反應性極低於所對應之芳香族非氯系_素化合物,而未曾 出現有效之反應劑或觸媒。然而,由於該氯化合物有可能 在工業上低廉製造及入手,最近為了實現不活性芳香族氯 化合物之親核取代反應而推動各種反應劑或觸媒之研究發 展0 例如L· I. Goryunov and ν· D. Shteing arts, "
Russ. J.〇rg· Chem·, 29, 1849-1855(1993)揭示二種方 法,其在工業上難於製造之昂貴Rh錯合物為觸媒之下使用 氣苯為原料以按80〜180 °C之反應溫度進行反應4日〜〗小 之場合可藉此以60〜75%收率(產率)得到甲氧苯者,而卩 S· Pat· No· 5,3 1 5,043 或 1^.?31:』〇.6,087,543 揭示一
1295986 五、發明說明
=方去,其使特定之氟化試劑及氯苯在2 1 0〜4 5 0 °C之極苛 安之條件下進行反應時可藉此以6〜70%產率得到氟苯者。 揭示 &本發明之目的為,關於在芳香族齒素化合物(尤其有可 =在工業上低廉製造及入手之芳香族氣化合物)為起始原 料之下製造經取代之芳香族化合物之親核取代反應,發現 f此極有效之反應劑,而藉此提供一種可在溫和條件下以 同收率製造經取代之芳香族化合物之有效方法。 即’本發明為一種製造取代有Q (定義如後)之芳香族化 合物之方法,其特徵為,使式(1) 、 T2 r2n-p—nr2
(式中,Q_為由無機酸或由一在氧原子、氮原子、或硫原 子上擁有活性氫之活性氫化合物脫離質子而衍導之形1〔式之 陰離子’ a,b,c,以及d各別為1或〇,但不得全部同時為〇, 所Ϊ之1^互相相同或不同均可,而各自獨立表示具有1至10 個石反原子之煙基,或同一氮原子上之2個R互相結合以與氮 原子一起形成環亦可)所示之鎸腈化合物與具有鹵素原子"
1295986
五、發明說明(4) 反應以使此芳香族鹵素化合物 離1個電子而衍導之形式之無機 之芳香族i素化合物進行 之至少一個i素原子被Q (但此Q為由式(1)中之Q-脫 基或有機基)取代者。 本案發明人等在提供一種在工章 芳香族化合物之方法為目的之下;c製造經”之 m由々η-私主θ r /曰〜研究結果發現,式 (1)中之Q所表現之各種親核陰離子 反應之反應性由於使用式(φ々妙&方杳私親核取代
事實。因此發現,*用式⑴所示之鎸 』難::二::此在極溫和之條件下進行迄今被認為有 = 香族函素化合物,尤其不活性芳香族氣化 &物之親核取代反應並且以高收率得到標的之經取代之芳 香族化合物之事實,於是完成本發明。
具體上確認如下述等之事實:例如後述之實施例丨或實 施例2所示,甲氧肆[皇(二曱胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鐫;[(Me2N) 3P = N]4P+ ’ Me〇-(式中Me表示甲基,以下皆同,另”磷〈亞燒 >π暫用以暗示此磷為” ph〇Sphorany 1 idene,,,以下皆同)使 人驚奇地可在室溫下容易與氯苯起反應而以95%收率得到 標的之曱氧苯,或者,在使用氟化肆[会(二甲胺)磷〈亞燒 >胺]鎸,[(M N )3 P = n IP+,F-之場合可在比以往更溫和之 1 3 0 °C之條件下與氯苯起反應而以8 1 %收率得到標的之版 苯。 此外,在本發明之一態樣中,施行利用Q-之取代反應之 際’即使在開始時不使用上述之式(1 )之鎸腈化合物,而
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1295986 五、發明說明(5) 使用式(2 ) NR0 NR。
R2N—P——NR9II 2 N NR, R2N^P=N^pi4N=p-4rNR2 NR2 T NR2II R2N:丨:-卜 -NR, ⑵ NR, (式中’Z為齒素陰離子,a,b,c,d,以及R之定義如前)所 示之鐫腈化合物及下式 MQn (式中,Μ表示鹼金屬原子、鹼土金屬原子、或稀土金屬廣 子’ Q之定義如前,η為1至3之整數)所示之金屬化合物為 原料,_亦可以由兩者之接觸,在反應系統内產生上述式 (1 )所不、之鱗腈化合物而進行前述之取代反應。 發明所實施之最佳开 ^!使用之式⑴或式(2 )之鱗猜化合物係由一種麟 腈陽離子之正電荷局服认山 ^ κ ρ + μ、+ n 限於中心磷原子上之方式之極限構造 式(即式(1 )或式(2))作Α 乂上士 + + ^ 無數之極限構造,即實巧來表示*,而此外尚可描出 限化之狀態存在於全冑=』猜陽離子之正f荷以非局 在引導Q-之化合物中,泛— 敦化氫、氯化氛、漠化氫為/A機酸例如可舉出函化氫(如 虱或碘化氫等)、氰化氫、益氰
\\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 第10頁 1295986 五、發明說明(6) 酸、或疊氮化氫等 性 氳=之氧…擁“ 異丁酸、月桂醆:硬脂:如:::二卜 虱裎皮酸、環己基甲酸、笨甲酸、對甲A二二乙醆、二 ϊ基i等之具有1至2°個碳原子之羧酸類%如V-:及2' ^ 丁二酸、順丁烯二酸、反丁烯二酸、[-: 甲基丁二酸、丁烧四甲酸、欧酸、異敗酸、對酞西':夂、亞 二甲酸、以及1,2,4,5-苯四曱酸等之具有2至2〇個^、偏笨 及2至6個羧基之多元羧酸類;例如N,N_二乙基胺厌原子 羧基咄咯啶酮、N-羧基苯胺、以及N,N,—二次、N — 二胺等之胺甲酸類;例如甲醇、乙醇、正一丙久醇·"、異丙=苯 二丁醇、第二:醇:第三丁醇、異戊醇、胃三戊辛 醇、月桂醇、鯨蠟醇、環戊醇、環己醇、烯丙醇、巴一 醇、曱基乙烯甲醇、爷醇、卜苯基乙醇、三苯基曱& 及桂皮醇等之具有1至2 0個碳原子之醇類;例如乙二醇、 丙二醇、一縮貳(乙二醇)、一縮貳(丙二醇)、I 丙二 醇、1,3-丁 二醇、1,4-丁 二醇、1,6—己二醇 —環:二 醇、三羥甲基丙烷、甘油、一縮貳甘油、異戊四醇:以I 一縮武(異戊四醇)專之具有2至2 0個碳原子及2至8個經基 之多元醇類;例如苯盼、2-萘驗、2, 6-二羥基萘酚//及 雙苯酚A等之具有6至20個碳原子及i至3個經基之芳香族化 合物類等。 ' 為引導陰離子Q—之化合物中在氮原子上擁有活性氯原子 \\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 第11頁 1295986
五、發明說明(8) t活性氫化合物可舉出. 知、第二丁硫醇、P.择—例如甲硫醇、乙 醇 醇等之-元:醇:碗醇正丁硫 、2, 3- 丁二护旷頬,例如! 2 :銥戊硫醇、以及環己 及2, 3-二(贼甲瓜其轉、丨,6、己:访 硫醇、〗,3—丙二硫 芳香族硫醇化合物:。、碌秦齡、以及/3,:例如 上述之活性氫化合物 ,本一硫%等之 時發生由此等活性氧全二=複;活性•之化合物。有 此外,為分脫離而衍導至陰離子之場合。. 陰離子均=離子Q、q氏要不阻礙本發明之方法,則任一 氟ΐί導之化合物中較佳之化合物為如下:例如 氫、;氰;:、填化氫、以及硬化氫等之齒化氫;氰化 瓜虱馱、水;例如甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、異丁 ^月桂,、硬脂酸、油酸、苯乙酸、二氫桂皮酸、環己 基甲酸、苯甲酸、對甲基苯甲酸、以及2-羧基萘等之具有 1至2 0個碳原子之鲮酸類,·例如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、異 丙醇、正丁醇、第二丁醇、第三丁醇、異戊醇、第三戊 醇、正辛醇、月桂醇、鯨蠟醇、環戊醇、環己醇、烯丙 醇、巴豆醇、曱基乙烯甲醇、笮醇、1-苯基乙醇、三苯基 甲醇、以及桂皮醇等之具有1至2 0個碳原子之醇類;例如 苯酚、2 -萘酚、2, 6 -二羥基萘酚、以及雙苯酚Α等之具有6 至20個碳原子及1至3個羥基之芳香族化合物類;例如二甲
國 90109511.ptd 第13頁 1295986 五、發明說明(9) 胺、曱基乙基胺、二乙胺、二正丙胺、乙基正丁基胺、曱 基第二丁基胺、二戊胺、二環己胺、N-曱基苯胺、以及二 苯胺等之具有2至2 0個碳原子之脂肪族或芳香族二級胺 類;例如曱硫醇、乙硫醇、正丁硫醇、第三丁硫醇、己硫 醇、癸硫醇、環戊硫醇、以及環己硫醇等之一元硫醇類; 例如硫苯酚、鄰-硫曱苯酚、硫萘酚、以及1,2 -苯二硫醇 等之芳香族硫醇化合物類。 更佳之化合物為如下:例如II化氫、氰化氫、硫氰酸、 水;例如曱酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、異丁酸、月桂酸、硬 脂酸、油酸、苯乙酸、二氫桂皮酸、環己基甲酸、苯曱 酸、對曱基苯甲酸、以及2-羧基萘等之具有1至20個碳原 子之羧酸類;例如苯酚、2 -萘酚、2,6 -二羥基萘酚、以及 雙苯酚A等之具有6至2 0個碳原子及1至3個羥基之芳香族化 合物類;例如曱硫醇、乙硫醇、正丁硫醇、第三丁硫醇、 己硫醇、癸硫醇、環戊硫醇、以及環己硫醇等之一元硫醇 類;例如硫苯酚、鄰-硫甲苯酚、硫萘酚、以及1,2 _苯二硫 醇等之芳香族硫醇化合物類。 式(1)中[式(2)中亦同]之a、b、c、以及d各別為1或0。 但不得全部同時為0。其中較佳的是,a、b、c、以及d中 之至少3個為1。此意指,無論其順序如何,(1,1,1,1)或 (0,1,1,1 )之組合中之數。更佳的是,a、b、c、以及d均 為1。 式(1)中[式(2 )中亦同]之各R皆互相相同或不同均可。 R2 (表示二個R )中之二個R互相不同亦可。再者,各R各別
\\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 第 14 頁 1295986 五、發明說明(10) 表::有!,個碳原子之經基,或 相結合。以與氮原子一起形成環亦可。气原子 在R單獨表示烴基之場合,呈w 正丙基、4丙基、烯丙基’、:歹’如曱基 J、2- 丁稀基、卜戍基、2、戊:基3:= 基、異戊基、第三戊基、3〜甲美 m基-2-戊基、環戊基、v己基:! 基、1-辛基、2-辛基、2-乙基+己基、 上之2個R互 乙基、 Γ基、第三丁 、2〜甲基-1-丁 新戊基、正己 庚基、3-庚 二甲基丁基(通常稱為第三辛美)壬美 甲苯甲醯基、爷基、卜苯乙基'以及2:笨,j、苯基、4_ 或芳香族烴基。其中以曱基、 基等之脂肪族 三丁基、第三戊基、或i,卜丙基、異丙基、第 具有1〜10個碳原子之脂肪族煙基ς佳’,一曱基丁基等之 在R為同-氮原子上之2_互相結合以开二:基更佳。 :代基之場4,該2價取代基最好 二:J為2價 碳原子之2價取代基(即形成—包含氮原子個 如四亞甲基、五亞曱基、以及 7貝缞),例 有曱基或乙基等之烷基者好基4或在其主鏈取代 基更佳。 凡基者中以四亞曱基或五亞甲 播f: t月月陽滩子中有可能成環之全部氮原子採取此種環 ^°而邻分(採取此種環構造)亦可。在^中之一 部分採取環構造之場合,為其餘之R可舉出前述之R單獨表 示烴基之場合所例示之基,而較佳之美 此等鱗腈化合物可利用EP079 1 60 0之頁至第13頁所
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第15頁 1295986 五、發明說明(11) 載述之方法或類 本發明使用之 一個ii素原子之 環化合物均可。 在芳香族鹵素 之至少一個鹵素 按,芳香族鹵素 場合依照本製造 加一個以上之化 為芳香族煙系 烴化合物,不活 芳香族烴化合物 II化芳香族烴化 之溴化芳香族煙 在此,關於不 R. T. Morrison 版第1 298至1301 香族烴化合物之 吸引基之_化芳 族烴化合物,此 族烴化合物之鹵 吸引基之1¾化芳 香族烴化合物。 為不活性之氣 似之方法予以合成。 芳香族ii素化合物為在芳香環上具有至少 化合物,其為芳香族烴化合物或芳香族雜 化合物具有複數1¾素原子之場合,使其中 原子參與被Q取代之取代反應即可。又 化合物有時在反應開始時已具有Q,在此 方法使鹵素被Q取代時,可藉此得到Q數增 合物。 鹵素化合物可舉出, 性之氯化芳香族烴化 ,不活性之碘化芳香 合物,活性之氯化芳 化合物,活性之蛾化 活性及活性之鹵化芳 and R· N. Boyd 著 頁所載之内容下定義 鹵素原子,在鄰-及/ 香族烴化合物予以界 外之鹵化芳香族烴化 素原子,在鄰-及/或 香族烴化合物予以界 化芳香族烴化合物 不活性之氟化芳香族 合物’不活性之溴化 無化合物,活性之 香族扭化合物,活性 芳香族烴化合物。 香族烴化合物係依照 有機化學(下)π第5 者。即,關於鹵化芳 ,斜〜位取代有電子 定為活性之鹵化芳香 &物即關於ii化芳香 ,〜位未取代有電子 &為不活性之鹵化芳
例如可舉出氟苯、
\\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 1295986 五、發明說明(12) 氟甲苯、3-氟 苯、4-甲氧氟 胺氟苯、2 -羥 胺氟苯、4 -胺氟苯、1,3 -二氟 苯、3-氰氟苯、3-苯磺醯基氟 醯基氟苯、: 曱苯、4 苯、2-二 氟苯、3 氟曱苯 曱胺氟 羥氟苯 2-曱氧氟苯、3-甲氧氟 4-二曱 3-苯羰基氟 為不活性之氯化芳香 氯曱苯、3-氣 苯、卜 苯、3 -二曱胺氟苯 、4 -羥氟苯、2 -胺 苯、1,3, 5-三氟苯 苯、3-乙氧羰基氟苯、3-曱 氟>秦、以及2-1秦 氟苯、3-、3 -硝氣 等 甲苯、4-苯、4-曱氧氯苯、2 -二 氯苯、3_羥氯苯 族烴化合物,例如可舉出氣苯、2-氯曱苯 曱胺氯 2-甲氧氣苯、3-曱氧氣 胺氣苯 胺氯苯 2-經 苯、3-二曱胺氣苯 、4-經氯苯、2-胺 4-胺氯苯、1,3 -二氯苯、1,3, 5 -三氣苯 苯、3 -氰氯苯、3 -苯磺醯基氯苯、3-乙氧羰基氯 醯基氯 為不 溴曱苯 苯、3 -苯魏基氯苯、1-活性之溴化芳香 、4-二曱 氯苯、3 -、3 -硝氯 苯、3-曱 等。 3 -溴 族烴化 溴曱苯 甲胺溴 氯萘、以及2-氣萘 合物,例如可舉出漠苯、2 - 甲苯、4-苯、4-甲氧溴苯、2-二 溴苯、3 -羥溴苯 2-曱氧溴苯 苯、3 -二曱胺溴苯 、4 -經漠苯、2 -胺 溴苯、1,3, 5-三溴苯 苯、3 -氰溴苯、3 -苯磺醯基溴苯、3 -乙氧羰基溴 溴萘、以及2-溴萘 胺溴苯 胺溴苯 2 -羥 -胺溴苯、1, 3 醯基溴苯、3 為不 碘甲苯 苯羰基溴苯、1 活性之碘化芳香 曱氧溴 、4-二甲 溴苯、3-、3 -硝溴 苯、3-曱 等。 3 -峨曱苯、4-苯、4-甲氧碘苯、2-二 胺碘苯、2 -羥碘苯、3- 族烴化合物,例如可舉出蛾苯、2 碘曱苯 曱胺碘苯、3 -二甲胺碘苯 羥碘苯 2-曱氧碘苯、3-甲氧碘 、4-二曱 4-經蛾苯、2 -胺峨苯、3-
\\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 第17頁 1295986 五、發明說明(13) 胺碘苯、4 -胺碘苯、1,3_二碘苯、1,3, 5 -三碘苯、3 -硝碘 苯、3 -氰碘苯、3 -苯磺醯基碘苯、3-乙氧羰基碘苯、3-曱 醯基碘苯、3 -苯羰基碘苯、1-碘萘、以及2 -碘萘等。 為活性之氟化芳香族烴化合物,例如可舉出2 -硝氟苯、 4-硝氟苯、2-氰氟苯、4_氰氟苯、2-苯磺醯基氟苯、4-苯 磺醯基氟苯、4-乙氧羰基氟苯、4-甲醯基氟苯、4-苯羰基 氟苯、2,4 -二硝就苯、2-氰-4-琐氟苯、2,4 -二氰氣苯、 1,2 -二默苯、1,2,4 -三氟苯、六氣苯、1,2-氟萘、1,2,4-三氟萘、八氟^萘、4,4’ -二氧二苯基酮、以及4,4’-二氟 苯楓等。 為活性之氯化芳香族烴化合物,例如可舉出2 -琐氯苯、 4-硝氯苯、2-氰氯苯、4-氰氯苯、2-苯磺醯基氯苯、4-苯 氣苯、4 -曱醯基氯苯、4 -苯羰基 氰-4-硝氣苯、2,4 -二氰氯苯、 苯、六氣苯、1,2-氯萘、1,2, 4-二氯二苯基酮、以及4,4 ’ -二氯二 磺醯基 氯苯、 1,2 -二 氯苯、4-乙氧魏基 2,4 -二確氯苯、2-氯苯、1,2,4_三氯 、八氯萘、4, 4’ - 三氯秦 苯砜等。 為活性之溴化芳香族烴化合物,例如可舉出2 -硝溴苯、 4-硝溴苯、2-氰溴苯、4-氰溴苯、2-苯磺醯基溴苯、4-苯 溴苯、4-甲醯基溴苯、4-苯羰基 氰- 4 -硝溴苯、2,4 -二氰溴苯、 苯、六溴苯、1,2-溴萘、1,2, 4-二溴二苯基酮、以及4, 4’ -二溴二 石黃醯基 溴苯、 1,2 -二 三溴萘 苯硬等 溴苯、4-乙氧羰基 2, 4-二硝溴苯、2-溴苯、1,2, 4-三溴 、八溴萘、4,4 ’ -二
\\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 第18頁 1295986 五、發明說明(14) 為活性之碘化芳香族烴化合物,例如可舉出2-硝碘苯、 4- 硝埃苯、2 -氛蛾苯、4_氰蛾苯、2_苯續酿基填苯、4-苯 磺醯基碘苯、4-乙氧羰基碘苯、4-曱醯基碘苯、4-苯羰基 織苯、2,4 -二硝块苯、2_氰-4 -石肖破苯、2,4 -二氰埃苯、 1,2 -二碘苯、1,2, 4 -三碘苯、六碘苯、1,2 -碘萘、1,2, 4-三破萘、八峨萘、4, 4’-二埃二苯基酮、以及4, 4’ -二蛾二 苯楓等。 為芳香族雜環化合物,可舉出氟化、氣化、溴化、或碘 化芳香族雜環化合物。 為敗化芳香族雜環化合物,例如可舉出2-氟呋喃、3-氟 咬喃、5 -氟糠醛、2 -氟σ塞吩、3 -氟嘆吩、2,5 -二氟嗔吩、 3,4 -二氣°塞吩、四氟塞吩、2-乙酿-5-氟σ塞吩、3-乙酿-2, 5- 二氟σ塞吩、4-氟-2 - σ塞吩魏酸、5 -敗-2 -嚷吩魏酸、4-貌 一口比峻、4-敦-3-曱基ρ比σ坐、5- 11-3-曱基-1-苯基-4 -吼唾 羰酸、5 -氟-1 -甲基-咪唑、2 -氟嗔唑、3,4 -二氟嘆唑、4 -氟吲喷、5 -氟叫丨哚、5 -氟吲哚乙酸酯、2,4,8 -三氟苯并口夫 喃、2-氟苯并咪唑、5-氟苯并三氮唑、5-氟-2-曱基苯并 嗤、2 -氟吼咬、3 -氟σ比咬、2,5 -二氟吼咬、6 -氟吼咬紛、 2 -氟-5 -硝基σ比咬、敗吼σ丼、4 -氟u奎琳、以及6 -氟y奎琳 等。 為氯化芳香族雜環化合物,例如可舉出上述之氟化芳香 族雜環化合物之氟原子被氣原子取代之化合物或戴奥辛 (d i ox i η)等。為溴化芳香族雜環化合物及碘化芳香族雜環 化合物,例如可舉出上述之氟化芳香族雜環化合物之氟原
\\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 第19頁 1295986 五、發明說明(15) 子被溴原子或碘原子各別取代之化合物。 * 在上述中,為了分類之方便,僅例示在同一分子内擁有 .. 一種鹵素原子之化合物,但本發明之方法中之芳香族鹵素 化合物並未受到此等例子之限制,而在同一分子内擁有異 種之鹵素原子2個以上亦可,進一步在不阻礙本發明之方 法之範圍内,此等芳香族ii素化合物擁有其他之任一取代 基、官能基、或雜原子亦可。 此等芳香族鹵素化合物最好能為上述之不活性之氟化芳 香族烴化合物,不活性之氣化芳香族烴化合物,不活性之 漠化芳香族烴化合物,活性之氟化芳香族烴化合物,活性 _ 之氯化芳香族烴化合物,活性之溴化芳香族烴化合物,氯 化芳香族雜環化合物,或溴化芳香族雜環化合物,其中以 不活性之氟化芳香族烴化合物,不活性之氯化芳香族烴化 合物,不活性之溴化芳香族烴化合物,氯化芳香族雜環化 合物,或溴化芳香族雜環化合物較佳,而以不活性之氯化 芳香族烴化合物,氯化芳香族雜環化合物,或溴化芳香族 雜環化合物更佳。 再者,關於本發明之方法,在Q為鹵素時,在使用於反 應之芳香族鹵素化合物中,與交換反應有關之鹵素為在周 期表中位於q之下方者。即,例如在Q-為r時,所用之芳香 鲁 族鹵素化合物為擁有至少1個氯、溴、或碘原子之芳香族 鹵素化合物。 從而,在Q-為F-時,為芳香族鹵素化合物之具體例子可 舉出上述之不活性或活性之氣化或溴化或碘化芳香族烴化
\\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 第20頁 1295986
五、發明說明(16) 合物,以及氯化、溴化、或碘化芳香族雜環化合物。其中 以不活性之氯化芳香族烴化合物,不活性之溴化芳香族烴 化合物’活性之氯化芳香族烴化合物,活性之溴化芳香族 烴化合物,氯化芳香族雜環化合物,或溴化芳香族雜環化 合物較佳,其中以不活性之氯化芳香族烴化合物,不活性 之 >臭化芳香族煙化合物’氣化芳香族雜環化合物,或漠化 芳香族雜環化合物更佳,而以不活性之氯化芳香族烴化合 物、氯化芳香族雜環化合物、或溴化芳香族雜環化合物進 一步更佳。
式(1 )所示之鱗腈化合物之使用量旅未特別受到限制, 不過以芳香族南素化合物中之所欲取代之_素原子1莫耳 為基準時,該使用量通常為5莫耳以下,以〇·5至2莫耳較 佳,而以0. 8至1 · 2莫耳更佳。 反應溫度乃依所用之式(1 )所示之鱗腈化合物及芳香族 鹵素化合物或必要時使用之溶媒等之種類而不同,不過通 常為2 5 0 °C以下,以0至2 3 0 °C較佳,而以3 0至2 0 0 °C更佳。 反應時之壓力乃依所用之原料等之種類而不同,不過通常 為3.0MPa(絕對壓力,以下皆同)以下,以〇〇1至15評3較 佳,而以0· 1至1 · OMPa更佳。反應時間通常為48小時以
内,以0 · 0 1至3 0小時較佳,而以〇 . 〇 2至丨5小時更佳。 此外’在本發明之一態樣中,施行利用纩之取代反應之 際,即使在開始時不使用上述之式(1)之鱗腈化合物,亦 可以由式(2 )
第21頁 1295986 五、發明說明(Π) NR0 RJ-P—NR,2 II 2 NR Μ^Ρ=Ν NR.
N N: NII N — p—_NR Tb NR, Ϊ立1 七 NR2 NR, (2) 一气中Z為南素陰離子,ahrrl以;?P+a、 示之鐫腈化合物與 ’ ’ ’ ’ 之疋義如前)所 MQn(式中,Μ表示队人阳 子,Q之定義如屬原子、驗土金屬原子、或稀土金屬原 接觸來產生上為1至3之整數)所示之金屬化合物之' 鹵素化合物進行=所不之鱗腈化合物,使之與芳香族 在此,式(2)所應辟,以製造經取代之芳香族化合物。 件,較佳之條件不1腈化合物之^,^,以及以關之條 要求之條件相同寻乃與前述之式(1)中之a,b,U,以及R被 為例如氟陰 之鹵素陰離子,复、氣陰離子、溴陰離子、碘陰離子等 陰離子更佳。/、中以氟陰離子或氣陰離子較佳,而以氯 在此項反應中, 子]+Q-中之Q-:於鱼反上系統内所產生之式⑴之[鱗腈陽離 時,MQ則合補充〇、方香族鹵素化合物發生反應而被消耗 之使用量非S常少為复;而,式(2)所示之[鱗腈陽離子]+Ζ· 与其優點。再者,在Z-與Q-相同之場合, ❿
第22頁 1295986 五、發明說明(18) 在最初所裝之Γ _ Ζ-與Q—相㈤之i = Q—)被消耗日夺’ MQn亦會補充9•,因此在 此等由式(2^亦有有利之效果。 可,再者,乂所二鎸9腈化合物以二種以上合併使用亦 今被用作觸婢之:t式()所示之鱗猜化合物一起使用迄 鉍鹽、或四級鱗鹽等亦可。 \四級 原^所不金屬化合物中之11為可採取原子價至3價之金屬 為此可舉出,μ i , 子,例如録、斜^ 、钟、絶、或撕等之驗金屬原 ^ ^ 、巧、鏍、或鋇等之鹼土金屬原子,例如^ 鉀、链、或如等之:八:f原子等。其中以例如鐘、鈉、 η為!至3之Λ 金屬原子較佳…納或鉀更佳。 ^至3之整數,而較佳的是,η為1。 才使用之式(2 )所示之鎮腈化合物之使用量並夫牲 欲取代之以於芳香族鹵素化合物中之所 莫耳為基準% ’該使用量之 ,、子 〇· 001至0· 2莫耳軔社 Λ间、吊馮1異耳以下,以 人Η 、斗#乂 L,而以〇 · 〇 1至0 · 1莫耳更佳。 香於ή ΐ: „之使用量並未特別受到限制,不過以芳 香族函素化合物中之所不,方 時,MQn中之可交換之k莫耳數Att1—莫耳為基準 通常為0.5至4.0莫耳,以可父換n個)之範圍 L 5莫耳更佳⑽„之莫耳數為此等莫 而,1.0至 反應溫度、反應壓力、以及反應時間均與前述之使用式 m 第23頁 \\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 1295986 五、發明說明(19) (1 )之鎮腈化合物之情況相同。 在本發明之方法中,反應係可在無溶媒下實施者,而為 了使用式(1 )及(2 )所示之鎮腈化合物以及芳香族鹵素化合 物之場合之對MQn所示金屬化合物之有效接觸,必要時亦 可使用溶媒。 此際使用之溶媒乃依所用之此等化合物之種類或用量而 不同,而主要不阻礙反應,則任一溶媒均可。為此可舉出 如下:例如正戊烷、正己烷、環己烷、苯、曱苯、二曱 苯、四氫萘、萘、氯苯、氯甲苯、鄰二氯苯、3, 4-二氯甲 苯、以及1 -氯萘等之脂肪族或芳香族烴類;例如二乙醚、 四氫呋喃、1,4 -二氧陸圜、乙二醇二曱醚、二縮三乙二醇 二曱醇、多伸乙二醇、多伸丙二醇、以及二苯醚等之醚 類;例如丙酮、曱基乙基酮、二異丙酮、以及二苯基酮等 之酮類;例如三丁胺、N,N -二甲基苯胺、吼啶、以及喳啉 等之三級胺類;例如硝曱烷、硝乙烷、硝苯、以及鄰硝曱 苯等之硝基化合物;例如乙腈、丙腈、1,2 -二氰乙烷、以 及苯甲腈等之腈類;例如N,N -二曱基曱醯胺、N -曱基咄咯 啶酮、二曱亞硬、二曱颯、二苯亞硬、二苯硬、環丁硬、 六曱磷醯三胺、以及1,3 -二曱基-2 -四氫咪嗤酮等之非質 子性極性溶媒等。此等溶媒單獨或二種以上混合使用均 可0 在本發明之方法中,從反應液單獨分離標的物(經取代 之芳香族化合物)之方法乃依所用之原料種類,該標的物 之種類,或必要時使用之溶媒之種類或用量等而不同,不
\\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 第24頁 1295986 五、發明說明(20) 過通常藉萃取、蒸餾、再結晶、或管柱層析等之分離法即 可從反應液(在使用溶媒之場合為餾除該溶媒後之液)得到 該標的物(取代之芳香族化合物)。 實施例 實施例1 在氮氣氣氛下,將屬於鱗腈化合物之甲氧肆[叁(二曱 胺)石粦〈亞烧〉胺]鱗:[(M e2 N )3 P = N ]4 P+,M e 0_稱量 7· 71g(10· Ommol)以放入一裝備有溫度計之燒瓶(100ml)
後,對此在室溫下添加氯苯2〇· 〇g( 1 78mmo 1 )。在室溫下使 之進行反應2小時後,從此反應混合物微量取樣以施行氣 體層析分析結果,驚異地觀察到的是,除了氯苯之尖峰以 外,出現新尖峰,而此新尖峰具有相當大之面積強度。施 行此反應混合物之GC-Mass(使用氣體層析法之質量分析裝 置)分析之結果,在1 〇 8及7 7各別檢測出一歸屬於曱氧苯之 分子離子尖峰及一歸屬於脫離曱氧基後之苯基之斷裂分子 -離子尖峰。此一結果顯示該新尖峰為曱氧苯。 再次重覆施行此項反應操作而得到一反應混合物,從此 反應混合物微量取樣而施行以丨,2,3 -三氯苯為内部標準之 氣體層析分析進行甲氧苯的定量分析,結果得知以95%之
收率產生甲氧苯。其後,使反應混合物經過1N—鹽酸2〇ml 及水20m 1之洗務後,用一小型精密蒸餾裝置來蒸餾經分液 之有機相’而得到標的之曱氧苯〇. 961g(收率89%)。此物 之IR、HMR、以及uc — nhr之測定譜圖乃與標準品之譜圖 一致0
\\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 第25頁 1295986 五、發明說明(21) 實施例2 在氮氣氣氛下,將屬於鱗腈化合物之氟化肆[叁(二曱 胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗:[(Me2N)3P =N]4P,F—稱量 7· 5 9g(10· Ommol)以放入一裝備有溫度計之耐壓玻璃容器 (容積100ml)後,對此在室溫下添加氯苯2〇〇g(178mm〇1) 而予以密封。使此溶液升溫至1 3 〇 °C,而在此溫度下進行 反應2小時後,從所得到之反應混合物微量取樣,以施行 與實施例1相同方式之利用氣體層析法之定量分析,結果 得知以8 1 %之收率產生標的之氟苯。 實施例3 除了代替貫施例1之曱氧肆[叁(二甲胺)磷〈亞烷> 胺] 鱗,使用等莫耳量之第三丁硫醇肆[叁(二曱胺)磷〈亞烷〉 胺]鎮:[(Me2N)3P =n]4P+,t-BuS—之外,均以與實施例1相 同之方式進行反應,而施行相同方式之利用氣體層析法之 定量分析’結果得知以9 9 %之收率產生標的之第三丁苯硫 醚0 實施例4 除了使用氰化肆[叁(二甲胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗:[(ΜαΝ)3ρ = Ν]4Ρ+,CN-以代替實施例2之氟化肆[叁(二甲胺)磷〈亞烷 >胺]錤:[(M=2N)3P=N]4P,CN-之外,均以與實施例2完全 相同之方式實施。以94%之收率產生標的之苯甲腈。 實摘」列5 除了使用硫氰化肆[叁(二甲胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗: [(MqNLP =N]4P,SCN-以代替實施例2之氟化肆[叁(二曱
\\326\2d-\9〇-〇8\90109511.ptd 第26頁 1295986 五、發明說明(22) 胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗之外,均以與實施例2完全相同之方式 實施。以9 0 %之收率產生標的之異硫氰酸苯酯。 實施例6 除了使用氫氧化肆[_(二甲胺)石粦〈亞烧〉胺]鱗: [(Me2N)3P = N]4P+,以代替實施例2之氟化肆[叁(二甲 胺)填〈亞烧〉胺]鱗並且將反應溫度改為丨5 〇它之外,均以 與實施例2完全相同之方式實施。以41 %之收率產生標的之 苯盼。 實施例7
除了使用苯甲酸肆[叁(二曱胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗: [(Me2N)3P = Ν]4Ρ,c6H5COO_以代替實施例2之氟化肆[会(二 甲胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗並且將反應溫度改為丨5〇它之外,均 以與實施例2完全相同之方式實施。以3丨%之收率產生找 之苯甲酸苯酷。 ' 實施例8 除了使用苯氧肆[叁(二甲胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗:[(Μ^Ν) p —N h Ρ+ ’ Ce 10-以代替實施例2之氟化肆[叁(二甲胺)碟〈亞 烧〉胺]鐫並且將反應溫度改為丨6 〇 °c之外,均以與實施例2
完全相同之方式實施。以61%之收率產生標的之二苯.。 實施例9 除了使用苯硫肆[叁(二曱胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗:[ = N]4P+,C^S-以代替實施例2之氟化肆[叁(二甲胺)填〈亞 院 > 月女]鎮之同時使用4 -氯甲苯以代替氯苯,並且將反應溫 度改為1 6 0 C之外,均以與實施例2完全相同之方式實施。
\\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 第27頁 1295986 五、發明說明(23) 以8 8%之收率產生標的之4-苯硫苯。 實施例1 0 除了使用二正丙胺化肆[叁(二甲胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗: [(Me2N)3P SNIP,(C3H7)2r以代替實施例1之甲氧肆[金 (二曱胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗之外,均以與實施例1完全相同之 方式實施。以9 1 %之收率產生標的之二正丙胺苯。 實施例1 1 除了使用1,2 -二氣苯以代替實施例2之氯苯之外,均以 與實施例2完全相同之方式實施。以9 2%之收率產生標的之 2- 氯氟苯。 實施例1 2 除了使用1,3-二氯苯以代替實施例2之氯苯之外,均以 與實施例2完全相同之方式實施。以74%之收率產生標的之 3- 氯氟苯。 實施例1 3 除了使用1,3 -二溴苯以代替實施例2之氯苯之外,均以 與實施例2完全相同之方式實施。以8 5 %之收率產生標的之 3-溴氟苯。 實施例1 4 除了使用3 _氯氟苯以代替實施例2之氣苯之外,均以與 實施例2完全相同之方式實施。以7 7%之收率產生標的之 1,3-二氟苯。 實施例1 5 除了使用1,3 -二氯苯以代替實施例1之氯苯之外,均以
\\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 第28頁 1295986 五、發明說明(24) 與實施例1完全相同之方式實施。以9 2 %之收率產生標的之 3-氯甲氧苯。 貴施例1 6 除了使用乙氧叁[叁(二曱胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺](二辛胺)磷< 亞烷〉胺鱗:[(Me2N)3P =n]3P+{N =P[N(C8H17)2]},C2H50_ 以 代替實施例1之曱氧肆[叁(二甲胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鎮之外, 均以與實施例1完全相同之方式實施。以86%之收率產生標 的之乙氧苯。 實施例1 7 將曱氧肆[叁(二甲胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗稱量 7.71g(l〇.〇mmol)以放入一裝備有溫度計之耐壓玻璃容器 (容積1 0 Om 1 )後,對此在室溫下添加無水四氫呋喃(嗣後, 稱為THF)3 0ml及卜甲基-6 -氯吲哚1 · 66g(l 0· Ommol)。使之 在室溫下進行反應1 6小時後,從此反應混合物微量取樣, 以施行氣體層析分析,結果以89%之收率產生標的之卜甲 基- 6 -甲氧基吲嘴。 實施例1 8 除了代替實施例17之甲氧肆[会(二甲胺亞烧〉胺]鱗 而倍Λ耳量^化肆[#(二甲胺)鱗〈亞烧〉胺]鱗 I代θ 1甲基-6-亂吲哚而使用等莫耳量之i 2_ -氣笨 之同時將反應溫度改為130 t之孙认 —風本 上^ 之外,均以與實施例1 7完全 相同之方式實施。以92%之收率吝丛挪αα , 〇 實施崩 收革產生標的之1,2-二氟苯。 除了下述變更之外’均以與實施例17完全相同之方式實
\\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 第29頁 1295986 五、發明說明(25) 〜~1 施·代替實施例1 7之曱氧肆[叁(二曱胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗而 使用2 · 5倍莫耳量之氟化肆[叁(二曱胺)磷〈亞烷 > 胺]鱗; 代替卜甲基-6-氯吲哚而使用等莫耳量之4, 4,-二氣笨;使 用曱苯以代替THF ;並且將反應溫度改為70 °C。以99%之收 率產生標的之4, 4 -二氟二苯基酮。 實施例2 0 除了下述變更之外,均以與實施例丨7完全相同之方式實 施··使用氟化肆[叁(二曱胺)磷〈亞烷> 胺]鱗以代替實施二 1 7之曱氧肆[叁(二曱胺)磷< 亞烷〉胺]鱗;使用4—溴,比咬以 代替卜甲基-6-氣吲哚;使用曱苯以代替THF ;並且將反應、 溫度改為130 X:。以89%之收率產生標的之4-氟咄啶。 實施例2 1 在氮氣氣氛下,將對-氣硝苯2.36g(15e〇mmol),氟化卸 (相當於M Qn之化合物)1 · 31 g ( 2 2 · 5 m m ο 1)其由π和光純藥"公 司藉喷乾法製成者,屬於鱗腈化合物之氯化肆[叁(二甲 胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗:[(Me2N)3P =Ν]4Ρ+,(Μ- Ο· 55g(0· 75mmol) 其經過1〇〇 °c 溫度下 之乾燥 氮氣流 通下之 充分乾燥者,以及無水二曱亞砜(嗣後,簡稱為 DMS0)1 0· 4g加入一裝備有溫度計及冷卻管之燒瓶 (1 00m 1 )。使此懸浮液在攪拌之下約以1 〇分鐘之時間升溫 至1 5 0 °C。其後,在3 0分鐘後,1小時後,3小時後,以及6 小時後從此反應混合物微量取樣以施行與實施例1相同方 式之利用氣體層析之定量分析。 由其結果得知,與各反應時間相對應之對〜氟硝笨之收
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各別為33%、5〇%、83%、以及98%。其後,使反靡 至▲,藉過濾分離不溶之固體。使此固體經 ^ j滌2次,而將其洗液與母液合併。使此溶液 "τ7 m 1洗條3次後,將有機相藉硫酸鈉予以乾燥,在 減壓下顧哈Ψ纪 ^ ^ 于、τ本,而以油狀物質得到約略純品之對-氟硝 笨 1 · 8 7 g 〇 如此雖然使用觸媒量程度之少量鱗腈化合物,卻由於 4使用相當於MQn之化合物,而達成其取代反應之進展,J 更使人驚_異地得知,對—氟硝苯之產生反應速度增大至比 較例1所不之無觸媒條件下之反應速度之丨2倍以上,且為
比較例2或3所示使用習知觸媒時之反應速度之約1 0倍以 上。此等結果示於圖1中。 比較例1 除了未使用貫施例2 1之屬於鎸腈化合物之氯化肆[叁(二 甲胺)破〈亞烧〉胺]鱗之外,均以與實施例21之反應及定量 $析法相同之方式施行反應及定量分析。3〇分鐘後,1小 時後’ 3小時後,以及6小時後之對-氟硝苯之收率各別為 4 %、7 %、1 5 %、以及 2 4 %。 比較例2
除了代替實施例2 1之屬於鱗腈化合物之氣化肆[叁(二甲 胺)破〈亞烧〉胺]鱗而使用等莫耳量之溴化四苯鱗之外,均 以與實施例2 1之反應及定量分析法相同之方式施行反應及 定置分析。3 0分鐘後,1小時後,3小時後,以及6小時後 之對-氟硝苯之收率各別為6%、丨2%、27%、以及38%。
\\326\2d-\90-08\90109511.ptd 第31頁 1295986 五、發明說明(27) _比較例3 除了代替實施例21之屬於鱗腈化合物之氯化肆[叁(二曱 月女)磷〈亞烷〉胺]鱗而使用等莫耳量之18—冠—6之外,均以 ,貝把例2 1之反應及定量分析法相同之方式施行反應及定 量分析"。30分鐘後,;[小時後,3小時後,以及6小時後之 對-氟硝苯之收率各別為5%、丨1%、23%、以及34%。 實施例2 2 除了下述變更之外,均以與實施例21完全相同之方式實 施:使用對-氟硝苯以代替對—氯硝苯;使用苯氧鈉以代替 氟化鉀;將反應溫度改為80 r ;途中不再追蹤反應而將反 應時間改為3小時。以98%收率產生標的之4-苯氧硝苯。 實施例2 3 除了下述變更之外,均以與實施例21完全相同之方式實 施:使用六溴苯以代替對-氯硝苯;將氟化鉀之使用量改 為3倍莫耳屋’使用1,3 -二甲基-2 -四氫咪唑酮以代替 DMSO ,將反應溫度改為20 0 °c ;途中不再追蹤反應而將反 應時間改為9小時。以85%收率產生標的之丨,3, 5_三氟 - 2,4,6 -三溴苯。 實施例2 4 除了使用乙氧查[查(二甲胺)磷〈亞烷〉胺](二甲胺)鱗: [(Me2N)3P =N]3P+(NMe2),C2H5〇-以代替實施例i之甲氧肆 [蠱(二甲胺)磷〈亞烧>胺]鱗之外,均以與實施例1完全相 同之方式實施。以66%之收率產生標的之乙氧苯。 產業上之可利用性
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Claims (1)
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SEP 1 4 200/ 年 月 41^__„替_換·本 ^ 六、申請專利範圍 %年?月/f日修(難王4j 1· 一種製造取代有Q (定義如後)▲會取‘贵脅专寺族七J合 物之方法,其特徵為,使式(i )
(式中’ Q-為由碳數1至6個之烷基醇、鹵化氫、碳數1至6 個之燒硫醇、氰化氫、硫氰酸、水、苯曱酸、紛、硫盼或 二(碳數1至4個之烷基)胺脫離質子而衍導之形式之陰離 子;a、b、c以及d各別為1或0,但不全部同時為〇 ;所有 之R互相相同或不同均可,各自獨立表示碳數1至丨〇個之烷 基)所示之鱗腈化合物,與由_化苯化合物、齒化萘化合 物、_化吼σ定化合物及_化^丨啤化合物所組成群組選出之 具有_素原子之芳香族_素化合物進行反應,以使此芳香 族鹵素化合物中之至少一個鹵素原子被Q (其中Q為由式(工) 中之Q-脫離1個電子而衍導之形式之無機基或有機基)所取 代。 2·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中,使用式(2)
1295986 _案號90109511_年月日 修正 六、申請專利範圍 4!2 r2n-p—nr2
NR2 nr2 II (式中,Z_為鹵素陰離子,a、b、c、d以及R之定義如前) 所示之鱗腈化合物及下式 MQn (式中,Μ表示驗金屬原子,Q之定義如前,η為1)所示之金 屬化合物為原料, 使兩者接觸,藉此在反應系統内產生式(1)所示之鱗腈 化合物, 以使上述芳香族函素化合物之至少1個鹵素原子被Q所取 代。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中,上述a、b、 c以及d中之至少3個為1。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中,上述所有之 R為曱基。
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5·如申請專利範圍第丨或2項 之Q-及MQn中之Q分別為Γ及F以外1 /中十,在式⑴中 化合物為:不活性之氟化苯化ir…上述芳香族函素 之氯化苯化合物…生:ϊ化;=化苯化合物’活: 人仏 ^ ^ ^兴化本化合物,不活性之氟化萘 化合物’不活性之氣化萘化合物,不活性之漠化萘化合 物,活性之氟化秦化合物,活性之氣化萘化合物’活性之 溪化萘化合物’氯化吡啶化合物,演化吡啶化合物,氯化 吲哚化合物,或溴化吲哚化合物。 6 ·如申请專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中,在式(丨)中 之Q-及MQn中之Q分別為FiF之場合,上述芳香族齒素化合 物為·不活性之氣化苯化合物,不活性之溴化苯化合物, 活性之氯化苯化合物,活性之溴化苯化合物,不活性之氯 化萘化合物、,不活性之溴化萘化合物,活性之氯化萘化合 物,活性之溴化萘化合物,氯化吡啶化合物,溴化咄啶化 合物,氯化吲哚化合物,或溴化吲哚化合物。
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AU2003238390A1 (en) * | 2002-06-04 | 2003-12-19 | Clariant Gmbh | Method for producing a compound containing fluorine via fluorine-halogen exchange by special polyamino phosphazene catalysts |
DE10307558A1 (de) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-02 | Clariant Gmbh | Phosphazeniumsalz-Mischungen enthaltend Hexakis(amino)diphosphazenium Tetrakis(amino)-phosphonium und Polyaminophosphazenium-Salze |
IL162078A0 (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2005-11-20 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | Method for producing organic compound by substituted halogen atoms |
US20060069291A1 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-03-30 | General Electric Company | Phosphazenium salt phase transfer catalysts |
US7202388B2 (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2007-04-10 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Processes for preparing fluoroarenes from haloarenes |
US7960305B2 (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2011-06-14 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Polymerization catalyst composition and process for production of polymer |
US7268237B2 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2007-09-11 | General Electric Company | Direct dianhydride synthesis |
US9206210B2 (en) * | 2011-10-05 | 2015-12-08 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Ionic liquids, electrolyte solutions including the ionic liquids, and energy storage devices including the ionic liquids |
CN107141192B (zh) * | 2017-05-09 | 2019-10-11 | 大连奇凯医药科技有限公司 | 一种均三氟苯的制备方法 |
CN108586257B (zh) * | 2018-05-03 | 2020-12-22 | 浙江解氏新材料股份有限公司 | 一种对氟硝基苯的制备方法 |
WO2020164217A1 (en) | 2019-02-15 | 2020-08-20 | Fujian Yongjing Technology Co., Ltd | New process for manufacture of fluoroaryl compounds and derivatives |
EP3736260A1 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2020-11-11 | Rhodia Operations | Process for the preparation of dihalobenzophenones, new chemicals useful for its implementation and methods for preparing said chemicals |
EP3736259B1 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2022-08-03 | Rhodia Operations | New cycloadduct precursors of dihalobenzophenones and preparations thereof |
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US5990352A (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 1999-11-23 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Phosphazenium salt and preparation process thereof, and process for producing poly(alkylene oxide) |
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- 2001-04-20 KR KR10-2001-7016278A patent/KR100416033B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-04-20 DE DE60140112T patent/DE60140112D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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IL147171A (en) | 2006-06-11 |
CN1169759C (zh) | 2004-10-06 |
EP1275630A1 (en) | 2003-01-15 |
WO2001081274A1 (en) | 2001-11-01 |
KR100416033B1 (ko) | 2004-01-24 |
US20020161227A1 (en) | 2002-10-31 |
EP1275630B1 (en) | 2009-10-07 |
DE60140112D1 (de) | 2009-11-19 |
KR20020019465A (ko) | 2002-03-12 |
ATE444944T1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
IL147171A0 (en) | 2002-08-14 |
EP1275630A4 (en) | 2006-09-06 |
US6469224B1 (en) | 2002-10-22 |
CN1380880A (zh) | 2002-11-20 |
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