1293039 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於-種廢棄物燒結顆粒及其製造方法， 特別是指-種以廢棄物為心材並可抑制麼棄物的毒性溶出 的燒結顆粒及其製造方法。 【先前技術】 台灣地區每年產生大量的事業廢棄物，例如：工業生 物污泥、工業有機污泥、工業無機污泥、工業廢棄玻璃、 既化^泥、淨水廠污泥、下水道污泥、焚化爐或煉鋼廠 之飛灰與底渣等，由於事業廢棄物受卫業污染·大部㈣ 含有重金屬成份’所以直接以低溫改良作為堆肥，會有重 金屬累積污染之凝慮。 目前國内常用的事業廢棄物處理方式可概分為下列二 種方式： (1) f污染但未達有害廢棄物標準之—般固體廢棄物 理道污泥、淨水廠污泥 令=1直接掩埋或焚化爐燃燒後再掩埋為主，然而 Μ々方式因台灣土地徵收不易將逐漸式微。 例如：1)丨污染且達有害廢棄物標準之有害固體廢棄物， 是化爐飛灰等，以水泥固化後掩埋、λ 後掩埋，戋者古广仏^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 4、口ν、、a背丨固化 理方式。者问〉凰熔融後打碎做為營建用骨材為其主要處 固化第(2)種處理方式中的水泥固化與添加熬合劑 ㈣方法的過程簡單，但是因混錢體於硬化後會產生 1293039 :;1不:有3=:孔_縮裂縫’所以廢棄物在固 其有害毋性物質很容易再度溶屮 ^ ^ ^ 用作為=建用骨材，而以固化後掩埋為主要處理3法再利 式，二二面古高溫炼融後打碎作為營建用骨材之處理方 W ㈣’由於生料顆粒為均句混合體且未經特殊目1293039 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a kind of waste sintered granules and a method for producing the same, and particularly to a sinter sintering in which waste is used as a heart material and can inhibit the toxic dissolution of a waste material. Particles and methods of making same. [Prior Art] Taiwan produces a large amount of business waste every year, such as industrial biological sludge, industrial organic sludge, industrial inorganic sludge, industrial waste glass, chemical sludge, water purification plant sludge, sewage sludge, Fly ash and bottom slag in incinerators or steelworks, etc., because industrial waste is polluted by the health industry. Most (4) contain heavy metal components. Therefore, low-temperature improvement is used as compost, and there is a condensed pollution of heavy metals. At present, the domestic waste treatment methods commonly used in China can be divided into the following two ways: (1) f-contaminated but not hazardous waste standards - solid waste silt, water purification plant sludge order = 1 direct Buried or incinerators are burned and then buried. However, the method of land reclamation is not easy to be gradually reduced. For example: 1) Hazardous solid waste that is polluted and reaches the standard of hazardous waste, is the fly ash of the furnace, buried in the cement after solidification, and buried after λ, the ancient Guangzhao ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 4, mouth ν,, a back to the curing method. The problem is that the process of cement solidification and the addition of the chelating agent (4) in the treatment method is simple, but the mixed body will be produced after hardening. 1293039 :; 1 No: There are 3 =: hole _ shrink crack 'so the waste is easy to dissolve again in the harmful substances of the solids ^ ^ ^ used as = construction of the aggregate, and the main treatment after solidification 3 Method of re-profit, after the high-temperature refining of the second and second faces, it is broken as the treatment of the building materials W (4) 'Because the raw material particles are a mixture of homographs and no special purpose
溶：層:置’故燒結温度必須儘量提高，使混合體產生 合；；梅有害物質，然而，燒結溫度過高時，混 二產:過夕的熔融態並附著在爐壁上，則會造成爐具的 ^因此’使用高溫熔料，生產設備的溫控必準 爐具價格昂貴’而且產出成品後必須經過—次^ 方：二錐碎，再過篩分級方能作為營建用骨材，雖然此種 ^可以改善有毒物質溶出並應為建材上，但是其缺點 貝|疋生產步驟多、生產成本較高。 八、 【發明内容】 抑制明之目的’即在提供—種結構緻密並有效 、/合出之包袠廢棄物燒結顆粒以及其製造方法，且 乂方法兼具有降低生產成本及生產步驟簡單等優點。 於是，本發明包裹廢棄 物為主要材料且為球狀的核 層外並以可燒結性粉末為主 的孔隙率是在10%以下。 物燒結顆粒包含··一層以廢棄 心層，以及一層包覆在該核心 要材料的包裹層，且該包裹層 而该包裹廢棄物燒結顆粒之製造方法包含·· (1)製作核心層原料··將廢棄物製作成粉體狀原料。 6Dissolved: layer: set 'so the sintering temperature must be increased as much as possible to make the mixture produce;; harmful substances of plum, however, when the sintering temperature is too high, mixed production: the melting state of the night and attached to the furnace wall, then Therefore, the use of high-temperature melting materials, the temperature control of the production equipment must be expensive, and must be passed after the finished product is produced - the second square: two cones, and then sieved to be used as a building bone Although this kind of ^ can improve the dissolution of toxic substances and should be on the building materials, its disadvantages are many production steps and high production costs. VIII. [Summary of the Invention] The purpose of suppressing the purpose of the invention is to provide a sintered granule of the packaged waste which is dense and effective, and which is combined with the method and the manufacturing method thereof, and has the advantages of reducing production cost and simple production steps. . Thus, the porosity of the present invention which is a main material and which is a spherical core layer and which is mainly composed of a sinterable powder is 10% or less. The sintered particles comprise a layer of a waste core layer and a coating layer coated on the core material, and the coating layer and the method for manufacturing the packaged waste sintered particles comprise: (1) preparing a core layer material. • Make waste into powdery raw materials. 6
ϊ293〇39 (2 )製作球狀的核心層：取廢棄物粉體原料與一黏結 劑均勻混合，並以機械造粒方式製作成球狀的核心層顆粒 、（3 )披覆包裹層：將可燒結性粉末與黏結劑混合，以 作為該包裹層的原料，並將該原料分層分讀覆在該核心 層上，以形成包覆在該核心層外圍的包裹層。 (4) 壓密：施加壓力使顆粒達到預定的緻密程度。 (5) 乾燥··烘乾顆粒以去除水份。 儿、、口 的麂結溫度，使該包裹 在不與其他球狀顆粒互黏的情況下達到最緻密的狀態。 藉由該包裹層緻密地包覆該核心層，且包裹層的孔 率是在跳以下，所以可以有效防止有毒物質自該廢棄 材料所i成的核m因此本發明之廢棄物燒結顆 可以作為營建骨材等應用，且該製造方法的生產步驟簡 ，並兼具有降低生產成本之優點。 本么明之核心層的材料是使用既有的事業廢棄物殘 ^或是選自於下列所構成之群組：事業廢棄物、 生粉末、可燒失材料，及其組合，選定材料後再進 黏結劑混合。 么層的材料是使用可燒結性粉」 本發明包裹廢棄物掉处 外、一 疋〜顆粒進一步更包含一層包覆名 組：可燒結性粉末、可焊““ ”苒烕之君 混合。 失材料，及其組合，再與黏結齊 7 1293039 、一所述事業廢棄物具體例如：工業生物污泥、工業有機 π泥、工業無機污泥、工業廢棄玻璃、氟化鈣污泥、自來 爭夂/亏泥下水道污泥、焚化爐飛灰與底渣、廢沸石觸 媒、鋼爐集塵灰、煤灰、廢鑄砂、廢活性炭等廢棄物。 上述可燒結性粉末包括天然礦物粉末、無機廢棄物， 及其混合物，故本發明該包裹層是可以僅使用廢棄物材料 亦可以使用廢棄物材料與天然礦物粉末混合。豆中天缺 礦物之具體例如高嶺土、斑+ π币η 、 ^ 门項土黏土、知雲母、滑石、葉蠟石、 長石質岩石之風化物（如陶石、花岗石砂）、料石 SUhmorme，AW3· Si〇2)與其同分異構物、石灰岩、白带 岩、菱鎂石等。無機廢棄物包括黏土質廢棄物，以及非： 土質廢棄物’所述黏土質廢棄物是例如:水庫於泥、軟湖 泥、海水齡泥、淨水廠污泥’下水道污泥、石材污泥、土 方：挖素土’非黏土質廢棄物是例如:飛灰、焚化爐底逢 、煉鐵廠爐渣、廢棄玻璃、廢棄陶瓷等。 所述可燒失材料是例如：蔗渣、木屑、㈣、椰殼、 軟木屬、稻殼、酒粕、落葉枯枝、有機於泥、生物齡泥等 有機廢棄物。 心本Γ月t黏結劑是例如水、有機組成物，以及無機組 成物/、係遥自下例所構成之群纟· 仗與一 、、·水、壓克型樹脂、胺 緣月曰、三聚氰銨樹脂、水泥、石膏、高嶺土、枯土，及 其組合。 本發明在實施時，該等核心層、包裹層，以及表面層 可以使用相同或不同的材料，且該表面層的炼點是不小於 1293039 該表面層與該包裹層的組成材料相同 ㈣來氧儲等高炫點 上述事業廢棄物、可燒結性粉末 劑於原料選擇時，必須辟入植“ ㈣黏結 έ士〜#从 頁付…&結過程中排放之氣體，及焊 、、、口元成後成品進行毒性物質屮 + 環保標準方為適用。貝“式驗’兩者皆須符合國内 _而本發明之製造方法更包含一個位在該步驟（4)及步 驟⑺及步驟⑺門= 及一個位在該步 、曰收主 的步驟（8)壓密。其中該步驟(7 )疋將表面層的材料與黏結劑混合，該面層特 ’並將該表面層原料披覆在兮肖以卜，日的Μ Η Μ㈤ 裹層上，以形成該包覆在 已水層外圍的表面層，並藉由 ，而 密且牢固地包__ Λ )使该表面層可以緻 矣在步驟⑴^小⑺中，製作核心層、包裹層，及 大’如果所使用的材料為塊狀，-般可先採用 i或中3L頒碎機，進行大顆粒原料初步 堂，炎 合粉碎機、打碎機或磨粉機製作成適當粒徑末= 可燒結㈣末與黏結劑之粉體顆粒越小，該包裹層及表面 層的緻岔性越佳，所以在製作時立 山 是卞予而特別注意粉體粒徑大小 佳工1 °…’可燒結性粉末的最大粒徑以不超過2mm較 ::燒結性粉末屬於非可塑性材質，為確保層的 末的最大粒徑以不超過。·5_較佳. 曰*廢棄物、可燒結性粉末、可燒失材料與黏結劑混Ϊ293〇39 (2) Manufacture of a spherical core layer: uniformly mix the waste powder material with a binder, and form a spherical core layer by mechanical granulation, and (3) a coating layer: The sinterable powder is mixed with a binder to serve as a raw material for the wrap layer, and the raw material is layered on the core layer to form a wrap layer covering the periphery of the core layer. (4) Compaction: Pressure is applied to bring the particles to a predetermined degree of compactness. (5) Drying · Drying the granules to remove moisture. The temperature of the knots of the children and the mouth makes the package reach the most compact state without sticking to other spherical particles. The core layer is densely coated by the wrapping layer, and the porosity of the wrapping layer is below the jump, so that the nucleus m from the waste material can be effectively prevented. Therefore, the waste sintered pellet of the present invention can be used as Applications such as building aggregates, and the production steps of the manufacturing method are simple, and have the advantages of reducing production costs. The material of the core layer of Benming is the use of existing business wastes or selected from the following groups: business waste, raw powder, burnt-loss materials, and combinations thereof. The binder is mixed. The material of the layer is the use of sinterable powder. The package waste of the present invention is removed, and the granules further comprise a coating group: sinterable powder, weldable "" 苒烕 苒烕 君 君 mixed. And its combination, and then bonded with 7 1293039, a business waste such as: industrial biological sludge, industrial organic π mud, industrial inorganic sludge, industrial waste glass, calcium fluoride sludge, self-contending / Loss sludge, incinerator fly ash and bottom slag, waste zeolite catalyst, steel furnace dust, ash, waste cast sand, waste activated carbon, etc. The sinterable powder includes natural mineral powder, inorganic The waste, and the mixture thereof, the coating layer of the present invention can be mixed with only the waste material or the waste material and the natural mineral powder. The specific minerals such as kaolin, plaque + π coin η, ^ Soil clay, known mica, talc, pyrophyllite, feldspar rock weathering (such as pottery, granite sand), stone SUhmorme, AW3·Si〇2) and its isomers, limestone, leucorrhea Rock, magnesite, etc. Inorganic waste includes clay waste, and non: soil waste 'The clay waste is, for example, reservoir in mud, soft lake mud, sea salt mud, water purification plant sludge' Sewer sludge, stone sludge, earthwork: excavated soil 'non-clay waste is, for example, fly ash, incinerator bottom, ironmaking slag, waste glass, waste ceramics, etc. The burnable material is for example : bagasse, wood chips, (four), coconut shell, cork genus, rice husk, wine cellar, deciduous dry branches, organic mud, biological age mud and other organic waste. The heart of the moon is a water, organic composition, and Inorganic composition /, is a group consisting of the following examples: 仗 and 、, water, acrylic resin, amine rim, melamine resin, cement, gypsum, kaolin, dry soil, and In the implementation of the present invention, the core layer, the wrapping layer, and the surface layer may use the same or different materials, and the surface layer has a refining point of not less than 1293039. The surface layer is the same as the constituent material of the wrapping layer. (4) At the high point of oxygen storage When it comes to the selection of raw materials and sinterable powders, it is necessary to plant the "(4) Bonding Gentlemen~# from the page to pay for the [...] gas discharged from the process, and after welding, and after the finished product, the toxic substances are produced.屮+ environmental standards are applicable. Both of the "tests" must conform to the domestic state - and the manufacturing method of the present invention further includes a step in the step (4) and the step (7) and the step (7) = and a step in the step of receiving the main ( 8) compaction, wherein the step (7) 混合 mixing the material of the surface layer with the binder, and the surface layer is coated with the surface layer material on the 裹 以 以 , 日 日 日 日 日 五 五 五 五Forming the surface layer covering the periphery of the water layer, and by densely and firmly wrapping the surface layer, the surface layer can be made into the core layer and the cladding layer in the step (1) and the small layer (7). And if the material used is block-shaped, it can be firstly used in the i or medium 3L crusher to carry out the preliminary processing of large-grain raw materials, the comminuted crusher, the crusher or the mill to make the appropriate particle size. The smaller the powder particles at the end of the sinterable (4) and the binder, the better the cariogenicity of the wrap layer and the surface layer. Therefore, in the production, Tateyama is a tribute and pays special attention to the particle size of the powder. 1 °... The maximum particle size of the sinter powder is not more than 2 mm.: The sinter powder is a non-plastic material to ensure the layer. The maximum particle size at the end is not more than .5_ preferably. 曰* waste, sinterable powder, combustible material and binder
等步驟（3)、（4 )、（8)直到該表 1293039 合比例係針對最終產品比重需求而決定，且以可完成 外型為原則。當核心層、包裹声，$麥而思士 6 ^ 田 匕衷層，或表面層本身為兩種以 上的物質混合時，則須再洲混拌機進行均特和作業。 本發明步驟⑺製作球狀的核心層，球狀顆粒造粒方 法包含但不限於下列三種：分別是鑄型法、包裹法，以及 對輥製粒法。所述鑄型法是將粉體原料與黏結劑混合成的 漿體，澆灌至一圓球模具固化後脫模。第二種包裹法是由 粉體顆粒配合黏結劑以喷漿、濕裹或喷粉包裹等方式，逐 層包裹至指定顆粒大小。第三種對輥製粒法是將混合均勻 之核心層原料放入一台對輥製粒機中，進行造粒。 ㈣（3)是將該核心層配合黏結劑以輕、濕裹或喷 粉包裹等方式’分層分次將調配完成之可燒結性粉末與黏 結劑的包最層原料包裹於該核心層顆粒表面。 步驟（4)是逐次以施加氣壓、施加液壓、施加油壓， 以及滾動等壓密方式使包裹層達指定緻密程度，並反覆重 覆步驟（3)、（4)，分層包裹並壓密直到該包裹層達到預定 厚度為止。 本發明之表面層主要用途為避免顆粒高溫燒結時產生 互黏情形，並可以改變表面層顏色來製造出不同顏色的營 造建材’同時增加顆粒握裹力，所以在步驟（7)中，依據 不同功能選定並調配合適之可燒結性粉末、可燒失材料與 黏結劑組合粉末。而其中步驟（7)、（ 8)的實施方法與該 )相同’不再詳細說明。反覆重覆步驟 面層達到預定緻密程度及厚度為止。Steps (3), (4), and (8) until the table 1293039 is proportional to the final product specific gravity demand, and the principle of the finished form is adopted. When the core layer, the parcel sound, the $Mai Si Si 6 ^ 匕 匕 layer, or the surface layer itself is a mixture of two or more substances, the remixer must be used for uniform operation. The step (7) of the present invention produces a spherical core layer, and the spherical particle granulation method includes, but is not limited to, the following three types: a mold method, a wrapping method, and a roll granulation method, respectively. The casting method is a slurry obtained by mixing a powder raw material and a binder, and is poured into a ball mold to be solidified and then released. The second method of encapsulation is to coat the specified particle size layer by layer with powder particles and a binder in a spray, wet or spray package. In the third counter-roll granulation method, the uniformly mixed core layer raw material is placed in a pair of roll granulator for granulation. (4) (3) is to coat the core layer with the binder in a light, wet wrap or powder coating manner, and then layer the fraction of the sinterable powder and the binder at the core layer. surface. Step (4) is to successively apply the air pressure, apply hydraulic pressure, apply oil pressure, and roll and other compaction manner to make the wrapped layer reach a specified degree of compactness, and repeat steps (3), (4), layered and compacted. Until the wrap layer reaches a predetermined thickness. The main purpose of the surface layer of the invention is to avoid mutual adhesion when the particles are sintered at a high temperature, and to change the color of the surface layer to create a building material of different colors and to increase the grip strength of the particles, so in step (7), according to different The function selects and formulates a suitable sinterable powder, a combustible material and a binder combination powder. The implementation methods of steps (7) and (8) are the same as those of the above, and will not be described in detail. Repeating the repeating step The surface layer reaches a predetermined degree of density and thickness.
10 1293039 步驟（5)乾燥是使用烘箱以 “ ’且乾燥時間依原料材質和組成比例：;== 進仃步驟⑷高溫燒、纟㈣，不會造成炸粒 1 般齡條B卑戸气θ入今承貝J，故 又氣^卞時間疋介於〇·5〜48hr間為佳。 y A ()阿/jnL燒結是以包裹層可以達到最緻密程声下 ，且不會造成顆粒間互黏 _ , 、. 又 層的最緻密燒〜睥 則，故燒結溫度越接近包裹 評『“ 率越小，顆粒強度越高，所 述最緻岔燒結溫度是因材料不同而異。本發明所使用的燒 結溫度較佳地是介於_〜i_m燒結溫度過低時Γ ’…法有效p牛低δ亥包裹層的孔隙率，而燒結溫度超過包裹層 及表面層的㈣時，會使包裹層及表面層變成熔融態，如 此會影響其防止毒性物質流出及避免顆粒間互相黏結的功 效。經由上述步驟所製作出的包裹廢棄物燒結顆粒之包裹 層’其孔隙率可以達到10%以下，因此該包裹層可以緻密 地包覆核心層並抑制毒性溶出。 【實施方式】 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配a參考圖式之二個較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可 清楚的呈現。在本發明被詳細描述之前，要注意的是，在 以下的說明内容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。 參閱圖1、2，以及附件一，本發明包裹廢棄物燒結顆 粒1之弟一較佳實施例為一個粒徑9mm的實心球狀顆粒， 並包含·一層位在中心且直徑為6mm圓球狀的核心層u、 一層包覆在該核心層11外圍且包裹厚度為1mm的包裹層 1293039 12’以及一層包 _ ^ ^ 4包晨層12外且包裹厚度〇.5mm的表 面層13。本實施例 ^ m 旦 < 核心層11是由鍊鋼廠轉爐飛灰與水庫 以植乂重里比I:1所製成的，而該包裹層12和表面層13皆 〜结性粉末水^泥為^材料。 本發明包裹赓杳％ & &w $ ^ &棄物燒結顆粒1之第一較佳實施例的製 坆方法包含： (a)進仃步驟21製作核心層11原料：選用鍊鋼廠轉 、-氣U庫;於泥以重量比1:1，製作成適當粒徑的廢棄物 原料粉末。 、 （b)進仃步驟22製作球狀的核心層11 :取上述廢棄 :¾末與黏結劑混合，本實施例之黏結劑是水，並使用喷 \ 晨或喷粉的包晨法將該混合漿體製作直徑6mm成球 狀的核心層11。 (〇進行步驟23彼覆包裹層12 ••將可燒結性粉末水 庫’於’尼與黏結劑（水）混合，以作為該包裹層12的原料， 和用上述製成之球狀核心層11顆粒配合黏結劑以噴漿、濕 裹或噴粉包裹等方式，使包裹層12原料分層且分次（至少 兩次）地被覆於核心層n表面。 (d)進行步驟24壓密··逐次以施加氣壓、施加液壓 、施加油壓，以及滾動等壓密方式使核心層11和包裹層12 達到預定的緻密程度。 反覆重覆步驟23中分層分次披覆該包裹層12的動作 以及步驟24壓密，直到談包裹層12達到預定厚度imm為 止。重複進行完步驟23、24後，此時該包裹層12的孔隙 12 1293039 率是小於20% 〇 (e) 進行步驟25彼覆表面層13:將表面層13的原料 與黏結劑混合，本實施例是用水庫淤泥作為該表面層13原 料，接著同樣使用噴漿、濕裹或噴粉包裹等方式，分層分 次將調配完成的表面層13原料彼覆在該包裹層12表面。 (f) 進行步驟2 6壓欲·再度逐次以施加氣壓、施加液 壓、施加油壓，以及滾動等壓密方式使表面層13達到預定 一 的緻密程度。 _ 反覆重覆步驟25及步驟26，直到該表面層13達到預 定厚度〇.5mm為止。 (g) 進行步驟27乾燥：使用烤箱並設定溫度為11〇。〇 來烘乾該球狀顆粒，烘乾時間設定為24 hr，藉由此乾燥步 驟來去除廢棄物顆粒中多餘的水份。 U)進行步驟28高溫燒結：選取一適當的燒結溫度 來燒結該廢棄物顆粒，本實施例的燒結溫度為115〇它，在 # 此燒結，里度下可以使每一個廢棄物顆粒在不與其他的顆粒 黏結下，達到最緻密的程度，而且該包裹層12的孔隙率小 、顆粒強度強，此時該包裹層12的孔隙率是在1〇%以下。 由以上說明得知，該包裹層12的孔隙率小而維持在 10/。以下’故包袤層i 2是緻密地包覆該核心層11，並可以 有效防止有f物質自該廢棄物材料所製成的核心層11流出 ’ ’且實施時不以設置該表面層13為必要，僅需設置該包裹 層12即可抑制毒性溶出，故本發明之廢棄物燒結顆粒在達 到環保要求的同時下可以作為營建股材等應用，且該製造 13 1293039 方法的生產步驟簡單，並兼具有降低生產成本之優點。 參閱圖2、3，及附件2，本發明包裹廢棄物燒結顆粒[ 之第一較佳實施例為一多孔質的顆粒，亦包含：一層位在 中^且為球狀的核心層丨】、一層包覆在該核心層11外圍的 包袤層12，以及一層包覆在該包裹層12外的表面層13。 本貫^例之核、層丨i是由含有重金屬焚化爐飛灰與水庫於 比X重里比l.i所製成，且核心層丨丨中含有一些孔隙，而 層12和表面層13皆以燒結性粉末水庫淤泥為主體 ’本實施例之製造方法除了在該核心層11材料上作改變外 ’其餘步驟皆與該第一較佳實施例相同，不再說明。 閱圖2、4，及附件3，本發明包裹廢棄物燒結顆粒j 之第三較佳實施例是中空的球殼顆粒，包含·· 一層中空的 核r層η、一層包覆該核心層u的包裹層12，以二一^包 覆違包裹層12的表面層13，本實施例與該第一較佳實施例 本實施例之核心層1…含有重金屬有機 游泥與水料以重心4:1，製作射輯殼狀，且本 施例是以對觀製粒法來製作該核心層U，亦即將混合心 之核心層U原料放人—台對輥製粒機中進行造粒。 由以上說明可知，本發明之校 , 又杈層11可以製作成實心 =狀體（實施例。、多孔隙的球狀體(他^ 2的球殼狀（實施例3)等形狀，而且藉由包裹層12的 -置確實可以有效防止有毒物質自核心層u流出。 处淮以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，告不 月b以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即凡 士田 厂大凡依本發明申請專利 14 1293039 ^及發明說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆 屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 一》圖1是一剖視圖，顯示本發明包裹廢棄物燒結顆粒之 一第一較佳實施例； 圖2是該第一較佳實施例之製造方法的流程圖； 圖3是一剖視圖，顯示本發明包裹廢棄物燒結顆粒之 I 一第二較佳實施例；及 - /圖4是一剖視圖’顯示本發明包裹廢棄物燒結顆粒之 一第三較佺實施例。 附件說明 顆粒之第一較佳實施 P付件一是本發明包辰廢棄物燒結 例的外觀及切開後的照片10 1293039 Step (5) Drying is to use the oven to "' and the drying time depends on the material material and composition ratio:; == advancement step (4) high temperature burning, 纟 (four), will not cause the granules 1 age class B 戸 戸 θ Into the current Chengbei J, so the gas 卞 time 疋 between 〇·5~48hr is better. y A () A / jnL sintering is to wrap the layer to achieve the most dense sound, and will not cause intergranular Mutual adhesion _ , ,. The most dense burning of the layer ~ 睥, so the sintering temperature is closer to the package evaluation "" The smaller the rate, the higher the particle strength, the most sinter sintering temperature varies from material to material. The sintering temperature used in the present invention is preferably when the sintering temperature of the _~i_m is too low, the porosity of the p[...] method is effective, and when the sintering temperature exceeds (4) of the cladding layer and the surface layer, It will make the wrap layer and the surface layer become molten, which will affect its ability to prevent the toxic substances from flowing out and avoid the adhesion between the particles. The encapsulation layer of the sinter particles of the wrapped waste produced by the above steps can have a porosity of less than 10%, so that the wrap layer can densely coat the core layer and inhibit toxic dissolution. The above and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the accompanying drawings. Before the present invention is described in detail, it is noted that in the following description, similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals. Referring to Figures 1, 2, and Annex 1, a preferred embodiment of the coated waste sintered granule 1 of the present invention is a solid spherical particle having a particle diameter of 9 mm and comprising a layer of a spherical center having a diameter of 6 mm. The core layer u, a layer of cladding layer 1293339 12' wrapped around the core layer 11 and wrapped with a thickness of 1 mm, and a surface layer 13 of a package _ ^ ^ 4 wrapped in the morning layer 12 and wrapped with a thickness of 55 mm. In the present embodiment, the core layer 11 is made of a chain ash fly ash and a reservoir with a vegetable tanned weight ratio of I:1, and the wrap layer 12 and the surface layer 13 are both lumped powder water ^ Mud is ^ material. The method for preparing the first preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises: (a) preparing the core layer 11 in the step of preparing the raw material: selecting a steel mill Transfer, - gas U library; in the mud at a weight ratio of 1:1, to make a waste material powder of appropriate particle size. (b) proceeding to step 22 to form a spherical core layer 11: taking the above-mentioned waste: 3⁄4 and mixing with the binder, the binder of the present embodiment is water, and using a morning spray or a powder spray method The core layer 11 having a spherical shape of 6 mm in diameter was prepared by mixing the slurry. (〇Step 23 is applied to the wrap layer 12 • The sinterable powder reservoir is mixed with the binder (water) as a raw material of the wrap layer 12, and the spherical core layer 11 made as described above The granule compounding agent is sprayed, wet wrapped or powder coated, and the raw material of the wrapping layer 12 is layered and graded (at least twice) on the surface of the core layer n. (d) Step 24 is pressed. The core layer 11 and the wrap layer 12 are brought to a predetermined degree of compactness by applying air pressure, applying hydraulic pressure, applying oil pressure, and rolling, etc., and repeating the step of layering the wrap layer 12 in the step of repeating step 23. And step 24 is compacted until the wrapping layer 12 reaches a predetermined thickness imm. After repeating steps 23 and 24, the porosity of the wrapping layer 12 is 123093039, which is less than 20% 〇(e). Surface layer 13: mixing the raw material of the surface layer 13 with the binder. In this embodiment, the reservoir sludge is used as the raw material of the surface layer 13, and then the same method is used for spraying, wet wrapping or dusting, and the layering is used for grading. Finished surface layer 13 is covered with raw materials The surface of the wrapping layer 12. (f) Performing step 2 6 pressing, re-sequencing to apply pressure, applying hydraulic pressure, applying oil pressure, and rolling, etc., to make the surface layer 13 a predetermined degree of compactness. Steps 25 and 26, until the surface layer 13 reaches a predetermined thickness of 5.5 mm. (g) Perform step 27 drying: use an oven and set the temperature to 11 〇 to dry the spherical particles, and set the drying time to 24 hr, by this drying step to remove excess water in the waste particles. U) Perform step 28 high temperature sintering: select a suitable sintering temperature to sinter the waste particles, the sintering temperature of this embodiment is 115 〇 In this sintering, the granular particles can be made to the most dense degree without sticking with other particles, and the cladding layer 12 has a small porosity and a strong particle strength. The porosity of 12 is below 1%. As apparent from the above description, the cladding layer 12 has a small porosity and is maintained at 10/. In the following, the cladding layer i 2 is densely coated with the core layer 11 and can effectively prevent the f substance from flowing out from the core layer 11 made of the waste material and is not provided with the surface layer 13 when implemented. If necessary, the coating layer 12 is only required to suppress the toxic dissolution. Therefore, the waste sintered granule of the present invention can be used as a construction material and the like while achieving environmental protection requirements, and the production steps of the method 13 1293039 are simple. And has the advantage of reducing production costs. Referring to Figures 2, 3, and 2, the first preferred embodiment of the coated waste sintered granule of the present invention is a porous particle comprising: a core layer which is in the middle and is spherical; A cladding layer 12 covering the periphery of the core layer 11 and a surface layer 13 coated on the outside of the cladding layer 12. The core and layer 本i of the present example are made of fly ash containing heavy metal incinerator and reservoir in the ratio of X to Li, and the core layer contains some pores, while layer 12 and surface layer 13 are sintered. The powder reservoir sludge is the main body. The manufacturing method of the present embodiment is the same as the first preferred embodiment except that the material of the core layer 11 is changed. Referring to Figures 2, 4, and 3, a third preferred embodiment of the coated waste sintered particle j of the present invention is a hollow spherical shell particle comprising: a hollow core r layer η, a layer covering the core layer u The wrap layer 12 is coated with the surface layer 13 of the wrap-around layer 12, and the core layer 1 of the present embodiment and the first preferred embodiment contain heavy metal organic mud and water material with a center of gravity 4 :1, the shooting shell shape is produced, and in this embodiment, the core layer U is produced by the observation granulation method, that is, the core layer U raw material of the mixed core is put into a granulation machine in a table-to-roll granulator. As can be seen from the above description, in the present invention, the ruthenium layer 11 can be formed into a solid body shape (example, a porous spheroid body (the shape of the spherical shell of the second embodiment (Example 3), and the like. It is indeed effective to prevent toxic substances from flowing out from the core layer u by the layer 12 of the wrap layer 12. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is limited thereto. That is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the Fushida Factory in accordance with the invention patent 14 1293039 ^ and the description of the invention are within the scope of the patent of the present invention. [Simple description of the figure] Figure 1 is a 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first preferred embodiment of the sintered particles of the packaged waste of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the manufacturing method of the first preferred embodiment; and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the sintered particles of the wrapped waste of the present invention. I, a second preferred embodiment; and/or FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a third comparative example of the sintered particles of the wrapped waste of the present invention. The attached description shows the first preferred embodiment of the pellets. The invention wastes Appearance of the spoiled case and the photograph after the cut
附件二是本發明包裹廢棄物燒結顆敍夕结 ± 、弟二較佳實施 例的外觀及切開後的照片；及Attachment 2 is the appearance and cut-away photograph of the preferred embodiment of the packaged waste sintered sinter of the present invention;
附件三是本發明包裹廢棄物燒結顆粒之楚一 P 〈弟二車父佳實施 例的外觀及切開後的照片。 15 1293039 【主要元件符號說明】 1...........包裹廢棄物燒結 12.........包裹層 顆粒 13.........表面層 11 核心層 21〜28 ·…步驟The third part is the appearance and cut-off photograph of the embodiment of the sinter-sintered granules of the present invention. 15 1293039 [Description of main component symbols] 1...........wrapping waste sintering 12......... wrapping particles 13.........surface layer 11 Core layer 21~28 ·...step