TWI287341B - Terminal structure of a superconductive cable - Google Patents
Terminal structure of a superconductive cable Download PDFInfo
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- TWI287341B TWI287341B TW094106425A TW94106425A TWI287341B TW I287341 B TWI287341 B TW I287341B TW 094106425 A TW094106425 A TW 094106425A TW 94106425 A TW94106425 A TW 94106425A TW I287341 B TWI287341 B TW I287341B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Abstract
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1287341 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種將超導電纜之終端，藉由櫬套而從極 低溫側引出到常溫側之超導電纜之終端構造。尤其，係關 於使配置於極低溫側與常溫側間的凸緣之氣密性，經過長 期間仍可維持之超導電纜之終端構造。 【先前技術】[Technical Field] The present invention relates to a terminal structure of a superconducting cable which leads to a terminal of a superconducting cable and which is taken out from a very low temperature side to a normal temperature side by a ferrule. In particular, it relates to the terminal structure of a superconducting cable which can be maintained over a long period of time due to the airtightness of the flange disposed between the extremely low temperature side and the normal temperature side. [Prior Art]
先前技術上，在超導電纜之終端構造方面，例如，第5 圖所示之構造係眾所周知者（參照特許文獻1)。該終端構造 具有超導電纜1 0 0之終端、收容該終端之冷媒槽1 0 1、從 電纜100之超電導導體10 Oa電性導通到常溫側的襯套 102、將冷媒槽101的外周覆蓋之真空容器103、及突設於 真空容器103之常溫側上的礙管104。 襯套102在中心具有藉由超電導導體l〇〇a及接頭1〇5作 電性連接的導體102a，在導體102a的周圍被覆著乙烯丙烯 橡膠等之固體絕緣102b後，可從真空容器103 —直到礙管 104均予以收容。在第5圖所示之例中，於襯套1〇2之兩 端部附近，固體絕緣1 0 2 b之外周上分別配置有應力錐 1 02c(stress cone) 〇 在礙管104內，充塡有絕緣油或SF6氣體等之絕緣流體 l〇4a。在冷媒槽101中，具有：充塡有從供給管ι〇6流入 之液態氮等之液態冷媒的液態冷媒層1 0 1 b、及第5圖中在 液態冷媒層l〇lb之上層充塡有氯氣或氮氣等之冷媒氣體 l〇lc之氣體冷媒層l〇id。冷媒氣體101c，可從排出管107 1287341 排出。並且，冷媒氣體1 Ο 1 C係由加壓機（未圖示）維持於被 加壓之狀態，而使液態冷媒1 Ο 1 a不上昇到常溫側。 極低溫側之真空容器1 03及常溫側之礙管1 04，係由凸 緣1 〇 8隔開。在該凸緣1 〇 8上，爲了使氣體冷媒層1 〇丨d之 冷媒氣體1 0 1 c不侵入到常溫側之礙管1 04，乃配置有通常 之密封1 0 9保持氣密。 特許文獻1:日本特開2002-238144號公報（第3圖） 【發明内容】 但是，上述先前技術之終端構造中，經過長期之使用時， 由於凸緣之密封被冷媒冷卻而硬化，因而密封性能降低， 因此冷媒會洩漏到常溫側，即，恐有無法保持氣密之虞的 問題。 因而，本發明之主要目的在提供一種超導電纜之終端構 造，其經過長期之使用時，可抑制配置於常溫側與極低溫 側兩者境界的密封之氣密性能劣化。In the prior art, for the terminal structure of the superconducting cable, for example, the structure shown in Fig. 5 is well known (refer to Patent Document 1). The terminal structure has a terminal of the superconducting cable 100, a refrigerant tank 010 for accommodating the terminal, a bushing 102 electrically connected from the superconducting conductor 10 Oa of the cable 100 to the normal temperature side, and covering the outer periphery of the refrigerant tank 101. The vacuum vessel 103 and the obstruction pipe 104 projecting from the normal temperature side of the vacuum vessel 103 are provided. The bushing 102 has a conductor 102a electrically connected by the superconducting conductor 10a and the joint 1〇5 at the center, and after the conductor 102a is covered with the solid insulation 102b such as ethylene propylene rubber, the vacuum vessel 103 can be used. Until the obstruction tube 104 is accommodated. In the example shown in Fig. 5, in the vicinity of both end portions of the bushing 1〇2, a stress cone 102c (stress cone) is disposed on the outer periphery of the solid insulation 1 0 2 b, respectively, in the obstruction pipe 104, charging绝缘 There is insulating fluid l〇4a such as insulating oil or SF6 gas. The refrigerant tank 101 has a liquid refrigerant layer 1 0 1 b filled with a liquid refrigerant such as liquid nitrogen flowing in from the supply pipe ι 6 , and a layer filled with a liquid refrigerant layer 1 〇 lb in FIG. 5 . There is a gas refrigerant layer l〇id of a refrigerant gas such as chlorine or nitrogen. The refrigerant gas 101c can be discharged from the discharge pipe 107 1287341. Further, the refrigerant gas 1 Ο 1 C is maintained in a pressurized state by a press (not shown), and the liquid refrigerant 1 Ο 1 a does not rise to the normal temperature side. The vacuum vessel 103 on the very low temperature side and the obstruction tube 104 on the normal temperature side are separated by a flange 1 〇 8. In the flange 1 〇 8, in order to prevent the refrigerant gas 1 0 1 c of the gas refrigerant layer 1 〇丨d from entering the normal temperature side of the obstruction pipe 104, a normal seal 1 0 9 is kept airtight. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2002-238144 (Fig. 3) [Invention] However, in the terminal structure of the prior art described above, when the seal is used for a long period of time, the seal of the flange is hardened by the cooling of the refrigerant, and thus the seal is sealed. The performance is lowered, so the refrigerant leaks to the normal temperature side, that is, there is a fear that the airtightness cannot be maintained. Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a terminal structure of a superconducting cable which, when used for a long period of time, can suppress deterioration of airtightness of a seal disposed at both the normal temperature side and the extremely low temperature side.
本發明係規定氣體冷媒層之大小達成上述目的。即，本 發明爲超導電纜之終端構造，係藉由襯套而從極低溫側引 出到常溫側之超導電纜之終端構造，其特徵爲：在極低溫 側上具有將上述襯套冷卻之冷媒槽，在該冷媒槽中具有氣 體冷媒層及液態冷媒層。然後，使在上述氣體冷媒層中冷 媒槽之內面與襯套之外周的間隔，不必利用加壓機加壓而 維持氣體狀態，同時被做成使氣體冷媒之壓力與液態冷媒 之壓力相平衡之大小。 先前技術上，氣體冷媒層爲了確保充分的絕緣距離’而 1287341 往往如第5圖所示將冷媒槽之內面與襯套之外周的間隔做 大。配置於常溫側與極低溫側兩者境界之襯套附近，亦同 樣地將上述間隔做大。具體上，例如，襯套徑爲1 5 〇 m m φ 左右時，襯套附近之冷媒槽寬度（內面間之間隔）爲4 0 0mm 左右。即，冷媒槽之內面與襯套之外周的間隔爲i 2 5 mm左 右0The present invention defines the size of the gas refrigerant layer to achieve the above object. That is, the present invention is a terminal structure of a superconducting cable, which is a terminal structure of a superconducting cable that is drawn from a very low temperature side to a normal temperature side by a bushing, and is characterized in that the bushing is cooled on the extremely low temperature side. The refrigerant tank has a gas refrigerant layer and a liquid refrigerant layer in the refrigerant tank. Then, the interval between the inner surface of the refrigerant tank and the outer circumference of the liner in the gas refrigerant layer is maintained in a gas state without being pressurized by a press, and is made to balance the pressure of the gas refrigerant with the pressure of the liquid refrigerant. The size. In the prior art, in order to ensure a sufficient insulation distance, the gas refrigerant layer 1287341 tends to increase the interval between the inner surface of the refrigerant tank and the outer circumference of the liner as shown in Fig. 5. The interval is also made larger in the vicinity of the bushing at the boundary between the normal temperature side and the extremely low temperature side. Specifically, for example, when the bushing diameter is about 15 〇 m m φ, the width of the refrigerant groove in the vicinity of the bushing (interval between the inner faces) is about 400 mm. That is, the interval between the inner surface of the refrigerant tank and the outer circumference of the bushing is i 2 5 mm or so.
但是’本發明人等硏究明白：在襯套附近之冷媒槽寬度 (冷媒槽之內面與襯套之外周兩者間的距離）爲寬廣時，將 使從極低溫側到常溫側的溫度梯度（t e m p e r a t u r e g r a d i e n t) 不充分，配置於凸緣的密封將被氣體冷媒層或上昇的液態 冷媒所冷卻而硬化，因該硬化乃有降低氣密性能之可能 性。因而，雖然考慮將氣體冷媒層中從極低溫側朝向常溫 側之方向的長度做長，但是由於該延長化使冷媒槽或真空 容器，進而終端構造會變成大型。因而，本發明並非將氣 體冷媒層中從極低溫側朝向常溫側之方向的長度做成較 長’尤其在襯套附近，可將冷媒槽之內面與襯套之外周的 間隔做小，而實現更小型的構成。 並且，將冷媒槽之內面與襯套之外周的間隔做小時，即 使沒有如先前技術之加壓機進行加壓時，亦可將氣體冷媒 維持於氣體狀態。因此，不必另外設置加壓機，而可將終 端構造做成更小型化。 本發明中之襯套，係做成具有：可與超導電纜之超電導 導體作電性導通之導體、及被覆於導體之外周的固體絕 緣。襯套的導體方面，可爲使用如銅或鋁（在7 7K之電阻係 1287341 數ρ = 2χ10_7Ω · cm)等，由即使在液態氮之溫度附近時其電 性阻抗亦小的金屬筹之導電材料所形成。固體絕緣，爲絕 緣性樹脂，雖然亦可爲乙烯丙烯橡膠等之絕緣橡膠材料， 但是在玻璃纖維強化塑膠（FRP)之情形，其絕緣性能更高， 因此可將氣體冷媒層之寬度（冷媒槽之內面與襯套之外周 兩者間的距離）做成更小較佳。尤其，將冷媒槽使用不銹鋼However, the present inventors have found that the temperature from the extremely low temperature side to the normal temperature side is wide when the width of the refrigerant tank in the vicinity of the liner (the distance between the inner surface of the refrigerant tank and the outer circumference of the liner) is wide. The gradient (temperature gradient) is insufficient, and the seal disposed on the flange is cooled by the gas refrigerant layer or the rising liquid refrigerant, and the hardening is possible because of the hardening property. Therefore, although the length of the gas refrigerant layer from the extremely low temperature side toward the normal temperature side is considered to be long, the refrigerant tank or the vacuum container and the terminal structure become large due to the extension. Therefore, the present invention does not make the length of the gas refrigerant layer from the extremely low temperature side toward the normal temperature side longer, especially in the vicinity of the liner, and the interval between the inner surface of the refrigerant tank and the outer circumference of the liner can be made small. Achieve a smaller composition. Further, the interval between the inner surface of the refrigerant tank and the outer circumference of the liner is made small, and the gas refrigerant can be maintained in a gas state even when the pressurizing machine is not pressurized as in the prior art. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a press machine, and the terminal structure can be made smaller. The bushing of the present invention is constructed to have a conductor electrically connectable to a superconducting conductor of a superconducting cable and a solid insulation covering the periphery of the conductor. In terms of the conductor of the bushing, it is possible to use a metal such as copper or aluminum (resistance system 1287341 ρ = 2 χ 10_7 Ω · cm in 7 7K), etc., which is made of a metal having a small electrical impedance even at a temperature near the temperature of the liquid nitrogen. The material is formed. Solid insulation, which is an insulating resin, although it can be an insulating rubber material such as ethylene propylene rubber, but in the case of glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), the insulation property is higher, so the width of the gas refrigerant layer can be made (refrigerant tank) The distance between the inner surface and the outer circumference of the bushing is made smaller. In particular, use stainless steel for the refrigerant tank
等之金屬構成，且固體絕緣方面，例如在以FRP所形成之 構件的最外層上覆以不銹鋼等之金屬之構成時，因冷媒槽 與凸緣之間倶爲金屬之故，成爲所謂刺刀方式之構成時， 可使氣體冷媒層之寬度做成更小。 冷媒槽較佳爲配置於具有真空隔熱層之真空容器內。並 且，冷媒槽較佳爲使用強度優異的不銹鋼等的金屬製成。 亦可做成與先前技術之真空容器或冷媒槽同樣的構成。 氣體冷媒層之大小，係冷媒槽之內面與襯套之外周的間 隔，不必利用加壓機之加壓而可維持氣體狀態，同時做成 使氣體冷媒之壓力與液態冷媒之壓力兩者相平衡之大小。 從而，雖然可藉由液態冷媒之壓力或侵入熱之程度等而進 行調整，但是例如使用液態氮做爲液態冷媒，將壓力做成 0.3〜0.5 MPa左右之時，可將冷媒槽之內面與襯套之外周的 間隔做成0.1〜2.5mm左右，並將氣體冷媒層之長度（從極低 溫側朝向常溫側方向的距離）做成3 00〜5 00 mm左右。將氣 體冷媒層之長度做成更小之時，因冷媒槽之內面與襯套之 外周的間隔將變大，因此可選擇上述長度及間隔，而成爲 所需要大小的終端構造。 1287341 對冷媒槽之氣體冷媒及液態冷媒的導入，例如，首先’ 預先將氣體冷媒導入冷媒槽中，其後，將液態冷媒導入而 使氣體冷媒之壓力與液態冷媒之壓力平衡即可。然後，將 冷媒槽密閉而保持平衡狀態。依此方式將冷媒槽密閉時， 不必利用加壓機進行加壓即可保持氣體冷媒的加壓狀態。In the case of solid metal insulation, for example, when the outermost layer of the member formed of FRP is coated with a metal such as stainless steel, the metal between the refrigerant tank and the flange is made of metal, so that it is a so-called bayonet method. In the case of the configuration, the width of the gas refrigerant layer can be made smaller. The refrigerant tank is preferably disposed in a vacuum vessel having a vacuum insulation layer. Further, the refrigerant tank is preferably made of a metal such as stainless steel having excellent strength. It can also be constructed in the same manner as the vacuum container or the refrigerant tank of the prior art. The size of the gas refrigerant layer is the interval between the inner surface of the refrigerant tank and the outer circumference of the liner, and the gas state can be maintained without using the pressurization of the press, and the pressure of the gas refrigerant and the pressure of the liquid refrigerant are both made. The size of the balance. Therefore, although adjustment can be made by the pressure of the liquid refrigerant or the degree of intrusion of heat, for example, when liquid nitrogen is used as the liquid refrigerant, and the pressure is set to about 0.3 to 0.5 MPa, the inner surface of the refrigerant tank can be The interval between the outer circumferences of the bushing is about 0.1 to 2.5 mm, and the length of the gas refrigerant layer (the distance from the extremely low temperature side toward the normal temperature side) is about 300 to 500 mm. When the length of the gas refrigerant layer is made smaller, the interval between the inner surface of the refrigerant tank and the outer circumference of the liner becomes larger. Therefore, the length and the interval can be selected to have a desired terminal structure. 1287341 For the introduction of the gas refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant tank, for example, first, the gas refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant tank in advance, and then the liquid refrigerant is introduced to balance the pressure of the gas refrigerant with the pressure of the liquid refrigerant. Then, the refrigerant tank is sealed and kept in balance. When the refrigerant tank is sealed in this manner, the pressurized state of the gas refrigerant can be maintained without using a pressurizing device.
此時，液態冷媒可利用冷凍機進行冷卻而保持適當的溫度 即可。並且，液態冷媒亦可被循環冷卻。此時，雖然由於 液態冷媒之移動，使液面的位置多少產生變化，但是藉由 調整液態冷媒之壓力等，而使氣體冷媒之壓力與液態冷媒 之壓力平衡，可維持平衡狀態。 使用於氣體冷媒層及液態冷媒層的冷媒，可爲同種類， 亦可爲異種類。例如，使用於氣體冷媒層之冷媒方面，可 爲氮氣、氦氣等。使用於液態冷媒層之冷媒方面，可爲例 如液態氮。 在本發明中，氣體冷媒層之氣體冷媒係在加壓狀態之 故，雖然將液態冷媒推壓到極低溫側，可防止液態冷媒洩 漏到常溫側，但是較佳爲預先另外設置洩漏防止構件時， 可更有效果地防止液態冷媒之洩漏。洩漏防止構件之形 狀，只要係難以使液態冷媒洩漏到常溫側者即可，不必特 別在意。例如，亦可做成插通配置於凸緣之外周的環狀， 亦可做成嵌合在氣體冷媒層與液態冷媒層兩者境界附近之 冷媒槽中的形狀。洩漏防止構件之材質，雖然亦可爲乙烯 丙烯橡膠等之橡膠系樹脂材料，但是若爲矽系樹脂材料 時，因對液態氮等之冷媒有優異之耐性，自屬較佳。 1287341 本發明之終端構造，依上述之方式將氣體冷媒層做成特 定大小之時，可使氣體冷媒層之長度不會過份地大，因爲 能充分提高從極低溫側到常溫側的溫度梯度的値，所以能 充分提高極低溫側與常溫側的溫度差。因此，可防止凸緣 的密封被氣體冷媒等所冷卻而硬化，並防止由於該硬化而 使密封性能劣化之不利情形。從而，本發明之終端構造， 可實現經過長期之使用時，凸緣之密封亦難降低，且可防 止氣體冷媒對常溫側之洩漏。At this time, the liquid refrigerant can be cooled by a refrigerator to maintain an appropriate temperature. Also, the liquid refrigerant can be circulated and cooled. At this time, the position of the liquid surface changes due to the movement of the liquid refrigerant. However, by adjusting the pressure of the liquid refrigerant or the like, the pressure of the gas refrigerant and the pressure of the liquid refrigerant are balanced to maintain the equilibrium state. The refrigerant used in the gas refrigerant layer and the liquid refrigerant layer may be of the same type or a different type. For example, the refrigerant used in the gas refrigerant layer may be nitrogen gas, helium gas or the like. For the refrigerant used in the liquid refrigerant layer, for example, liquid nitrogen can be used. In the present invention, since the gas refrigerant in the gas refrigerant layer is in a pressurized state, the liquid refrigerant is prevented from leaking to the normal temperature side by pressing the liquid refrigerant to the extremely low temperature side, but it is preferable to additionally provide the leakage preventing member in advance. , can more effectively prevent the leakage of liquid refrigerant. The shape of the leakage preventing member is not particularly limited as long as it is difficult to cause the liquid refrigerant to leak to the normal temperature side. For example, it may be inserted into a ring shape disposed on the outer circumference of the flange, or may be formed in a refrigerant groove formed in the vicinity of the boundary between the gas refrigerant layer and the liquid refrigerant layer. The material of the leakage preventing member may be a rubber-based resin material such as ethylene propylene rubber. However, when it is a lanthanum resin material, it is preferable because it has excellent resistance to a refrigerant such as liquid nitrogen. 1287341 In the terminal structure of the present invention, when the gas refrigerant layer is made to have a specific size as described above, the length of the gas refrigerant layer can be made excessively large because the temperature gradient from the extremely low temperature side to the normal temperature side can be sufficiently increased. Therefore, the temperature difference between the extremely low temperature side and the normal temperature side can be sufficiently increased. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the seal of the flange from being hardened by cooling by a gas refrigerant or the like, and to prevent an unfavorable situation in which the sealing performance is deteriorated by the hardening. Therefore, the terminal structure of the present invention can realize that the sealing of the flange is hardly reduced when used for a long period of time, and the leakage of the gas refrigerant to the normal temperature side can be prevented.
並且，在本發明之終端構造中，氣體冷媒層中之氣體冷 媒並不使用加壓機，而係本身成爲加壓狀態之故，因此可 將液態冷媒推壓到極低溫側，因而抑制液態冷媒上昇到常 溫側。從而，因氣體冷媒層之溫度梯度可被維持，故可防 止凸緣的密封之密封性能劣化。 再者，在本發明之終端構造中之氣體冷媒，即使不使用 加壓機時亦爲加壓狀態之故，可消除氣體冷媒層用之加壓 機’因而削減構成之構件。 【實施方式】 以下，將說明本發明之實施形態。 實施例1 參照第1圖及第2圖，說明本發明之超導電纜之終端構 造。而以下圖中同一符號顯示爲同一物。該終端構造，其 基本構造係與先前技術之超導電纜之終端構造爲相同。 即’該終端構造具有超導電纜1 0 0之終端、連接到電纜1 〇 〇 之超電導導體1 0 0 a而從極低溫側電性導通到常溫側的襯Further, in the terminal structure of the present invention, since the gas refrigerant in the gas refrigerant layer does not use a pressurizer, the system itself is pressurized, so that the liquid refrigerant can be pushed to the extremely low temperature side, thereby suppressing the liquid refrigerant. Rise to the normal temperature side. Thereby, since the temperature gradient of the gas refrigerant layer can be maintained, the sealing performance of the seal of the flange can be prevented from deteriorating. Further, the gas refrigerant in the terminal structure of the present invention is pressurized even when the pressurizer is not used, and the pressurizer for the gas refrigerant layer can be eliminated, thereby reducing the number of members. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. (Embodiment 1) A terminal structure of a superconducting cable of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 . The same symbol in the following figure shows the same thing. The terminal construction has the same basic construction as the terminal of the prior art superconducting cable. That is, the terminal structure has a terminal of the superconducting cable 100, a superconducting conductor connected to the cable 1 〇 , and a lining electrically connected from the extremely low temperature side to the normal temperature side.
-10- 1287341 套1 Ο、收容電纜1 〇 〇之終端及襯套1 0的冷媒槽11、將冷 媒槽11外周覆蓋之真空容器12、及突接於真空容器12常 溫側之礙管1 04。在礙管1 04中，具有與極低溫側相鄰的 液態氮層（液態冷媒層）1 3、與常溫側相鄰的氮氣層（氣體冷 媒層）1 4。然後，在極低溫側與常溫側之間配置有凸緣1 0 8， 且在凸緣1 0 8中與襯套1 〇之外周的境界部上配置有密封 1 0 9以形成氣密。-10- 1287341 sets of 1 Ο, the refrigerant tank 11 for accommodating the cable 1 and the bushing 10, the vacuum container 12 covering the outer periphery of the refrigerant tank 11, and the obstructing tube at the normal temperature side of the vacuum container 12 . In the obstruction pipe 104, there is a liquid nitrogen layer (liquid refrigerant layer) 13 adjacent to the extremely low temperature side, and a nitrogen gas layer (gas refrigerant layer) 14 adjacent to the normal temperature side. Then, a flange 1 0 8 is disposed between the extremely low temperature side and the normal temperature side, and a seal 1 0 9 is disposed on the boundary portion of the flange 1 0 8 and the outer periphery of the bush 1 以 to form airtightness.
本發明之特徵，係在於氮氣層1 4之大小，具體言之，係 冷媒槽11之內面與襯套1 〇之外周的間隔t，係不必利用加 壓機進行加壓而可使氮氣層維持於氣體狀態，同時做成使 氮氣之壓力與液態氮之壓力平衡之大小。以下，將詳細說 明各構成。 在本例中使用的襯套1〇(直徑140mm)，具有可與超導電 纜100之超電導導體100a電性導通之導體i〇a(直徑 40ιηιτιφ)、及被覆於導體l〇a之外周上的固體絕緣1〇b(厚度 50mm)。超電導導體l〇〇a與襯套10之導體i〇a，介由接頭 l〇〇b而連接。在本例中之導體i〇a，係使用在液態氮之溫 度附近中其電性阻抗亦很小的銅所形成者。並且，固體絕 緣1 〇b係由絕緣性優異的FRP所形成。又，在本例中，於 第1圖中襯套1 0之上端（配置於常溫側之端部）設置有銅製 之上部密封1 0 c。 本例中之冷媒槽Π，係由不銹鋼製成，其被收容於由同 樣之不銹鋼製成的真空容器12內。在真空容器12與冷媒 槽1 1之間’具有真空_熱層1 1 b之構成。在該冷媒槽Η (S ) -11- 1-287341 中，具有液態氮層1 3及氮氣層1 4。在液態氮層1 3上，連 接有將液態氮1 3 a冷卻用之冷凍機1 5。The present invention is characterized in that the size of the nitrogen gas layer 14 is, in particular, the interval t between the inner surface of the refrigerant tank 11 and the outer circumference of the liner 1 ,, and the nitrogen layer is not required to be pressurized by a press machine. It is maintained in a gaseous state and is simultaneously made to balance the pressure of nitrogen with the pressure of liquid nitrogen. Hereinafter, each configuration will be described in detail. The bushing 1 (140 mm in diameter) used in this example has a conductor i〇a (diameter 40 ιηιτιφ) electrically connectable to the superconducting conductor 100a of the superconducting cable 100, and is coated on the outer circumference of the conductor l〇a. Solid insulation 1〇b (thickness 50mm). The superconducting conductor l〇〇a and the conductor i〇a of the bushing 10 are connected via a joint l〇〇b. The conductor i〇a in this example is formed by using copper having a small electrical impedance in the vicinity of the temperature of the liquid nitrogen. Further, the solid insulation 1 〇b is formed of FRP having excellent insulating properties. Further, in this example, the upper end seal 10c of copper is provided at the upper end of the bushing 10 (the end portion disposed on the normal temperature side) in Fig. 1 . The refrigerant tank in this example is made of stainless steel and is housed in a vacuum vessel 12 made of the same stainless steel. There is a vacuum-thermal layer 1 1 b between the vacuum vessel 12 and the refrigerant tank 1 1 . In the refrigerant tank (S)-11- 1-287341, there are a liquid nitrogen layer 13 and a nitrogen gas layer 14 . A refrigerator 15 for cooling the liquid nitrogen 13 a is connected to the liquid nitrogen layer 13 .
在本例中，冷媒槽1 1在將液態氮1 3 a導入之前，充塡有 將冷媒槽1 1內之水分等除去用之氮氣。然後，將液態氮 1 3 a供給到液態氮層1 3，且使氮氣殘留在冷媒槽1 1之一部 分，具體言之，爲配置於極低溫側與常溫側間的境界上之 凸緣1 0 8附近。該氮氣殘留的部分成爲氮氣層1 4。在本例 中之氮氣層14，係將冷媒槽11之內面11a與襯套10之外 周的間隔t做成2 · 5 m m，長度做成4 0 0 m m。此時，將液態 氮導入冷媒槽1 1內，並將冷媒槽1 1密閉時，可使冷媒槽 1 1內之液態氮壓力約爲〇. 5 MP a。依此構成，以氮氣本身之 壓力維持於氣體狀態，而且氮氣14a之壓力與液態氮13a 之壓力爲大致平衡。 具有上述構成的本發明超導電纜之終端構造，不使氣體 冷媒層之長度變成太大，而從極低溫側朝向常溫側的方向 設置有充分的溫度梯度。因此，可以有效地防止設置有凸 緣之密封被過度地冷卻而硬化，從而防止密封特性之劣 化。並且，在本發明超導電纜之終端構造中，經過長期的 使用後，可保持常溫側與極低溫側之間的氣密狀態。並且， 在本發明超導電纜之終端構造中，並不需要將氣體冷媒層 內之氣體冷媒維持於氣體狀態用之加壓機，因此可削減加 壓設備，而達成更小型化。 (試驗例） 使用上述實施例1之襯套，將氮氣層之大小（厚度t及長 -12- 1287341In the present embodiment, the refrigerant tank 1 1 is filled with nitrogen gas for removing moisture or the like in the refrigerant tank 1 1 before introducing the liquid nitrogen 13 a. Then, the liquid nitrogen 1 3 a is supplied to the liquid nitrogen layer 13 and the nitrogen gas remains in a portion of the refrigerant tank 1 1 , specifically, the flange 10 disposed at the boundary between the extremely low temperature side and the normal temperature side. 8 nearby. The portion remaining in the nitrogen gas becomes the nitrogen layer 14 . In the nitrogen layer 14 of this example, the interval t between the inner surface 11a of the refrigerant tank 11 and the outer circumference of the liner 10 is 2·5 m m, and the length is made to be 4 0 m m. At this time, when the liquid nitrogen is introduced into the refrigerant tank 1 1 and the refrigerant tank 1 1 is sealed, the liquid nitrogen pressure in the refrigerant tank 1 1 can be made approximately 〇 5 MP a. According to this configuration, the pressure of the nitrogen gas itself is maintained in a gas state, and the pressure of the nitrogen gas 14a and the pressure of the liquid nitrogen 13a are substantially balanced. The terminal structure of the superconducting cable of the present invention having the above configuration does not cause the length of the gas refrigerant layer to become too large, and a sufficient temperature gradient is provided from the extremely low temperature side toward the normal temperature side. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent the seal provided with the flange from being excessively cooled and hardened, thereby preventing deterioration of the sealing property. Further, in the terminal structure of the superconducting cable of the present invention, after a long period of use, the airtight state between the normal temperature side and the extremely low temperature side can be maintained. Further, in the terminal structure of the superconducting cable of the present invention, since it is not necessary to maintain the gas refrigerant in the gas refrigerant layer in the pressurizing device for the gas state, the pressurizing device can be reduced and the size can be further reduced. (Test Example) Using the bushing of the above Example 1, the size of the nitrogen layer (thickness t and length -12 - 1287341)
度L)變化，而調查配置於凸緣上之密封的劣化狀態。液態 氮之壓力係因應於厚度t及長度L而在0.3〜0.5MPa之範圍 變化。在上述條件下保持6 0小時之後，調查密封之後可了 解，在厚度t爲0.1〜2.5mm、長度L爲300〜500mm之情形， 幾乎未有硬化之情況，因而具有充分的密封性能。並且可 了解，將厚度t做成越小，而長度L做成大之時，溫度梯 度容易達成。而，在上述實施例1中，雖然係顯示冷媒未 循環之構成，但是亦可作成使冷媒循環。此時，液態氮之 壓力，可因應於厚度t及長度L而調整在0.3〜0.5MPa之範 圍內，而與氮氣的壓力平衡。 實施例2 在上述實施例1所示的終端構造中，亦可設置有防止液 態冷媒洩漏到常溫側用的洩漏防止構件。以下，將參照第 3圖及第4圖而說明配置有洩漏防止構件的終端構造之例 在第3圖所示之例中，將可嵌合於冷媒槽1 1中氮氣層 1 4與液態氮層1 3之境界附近的環狀構件2 0，配置於上述 境界附近。在本例中使用的環狀構件2 0，係使用對液態氮 之耐性優異的矽樹脂而形成者。 在第4圖所示之例中，將可嵌合於冷媒槽11中氮氣層 1 4與液態氮層1 3之境界附近的塊狀構件2 1，配置於上述 境界附近。在本例中使用的塊狀構件2 1，係使用對液態氮 之耐性優異的矽樹脂而形成者。 配置如上述之洩漏防止構件時，可抑制液態冷媒洩漏到 常溫側，且可防止凸緣之密封與液態冷媒接觸而被冷卻。 •13- 1287341 而’上述洩漏防止構件並非可將液態氮層1 3與氮氣層1 4 之間完全密封者，其係用以使液態氮1 3 a之壓力被加到氮 氣1 4 a上之大小。 (產業上利用之可行性） 本發明之終端構造，適用於超導電纜之終端部較佳。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係顯示本發明超導電纜之終端構造的槪略構成Degree L) changes, and the deterioration state of the seal disposed on the flange is investigated. The pressure of the liquid nitrogen varies depending on the thickness t and the length L in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 MPa. After maintaining the sealing under the above conditions for 60 hours, it was found that the sealing was carried out, and in the case where the thickness t was 0.1 to 2.5 mm and the length L was 300 to 500 mm, there was almost no hardening, and thus sufficient sealing performance was obtained. Further, it can be understood that the smaller the thickness t is, and the longer the length L is, the temperature gradient is easily achieved. Further, in the first embodiment described above, although the configuration in which the refrigerant is not circulated is shown, it is also possible to circulate the refrigerant. At this time, the pressure of the liquid nitrogen can be adjusted within a range of 0.3 to 0.5 MPa in accordance with the thickness t and the length L, and is balanced with the pressure of nitrogen. (Embodiment 2) In the terminal structure shown in the first embodiment, a leakage preventing member for preventing the liquid refrigerant from leaking to the normal temperature side may be provided. Hereinafter, an example of a terminal structure in which a leakage preventing member is disposed will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, and in the example shown in FIG. 3, a nitrogen layer 14 and a liquid nitrogen which can be fitted into the refrigerant tank 1 1 will be described. The annular member 20 near the boundary of the layer 13 is disposed in the vicinity of the above boundary. The annular member 20 used in the present example is formed by using a resin which is excellent in resistance to liquid nitrogen. In the example shown in Fig. 4, the block member 2 1 which is fitted in the vicinity of the boundary between the nitrogen gas layer 14 and the liquid nitrogen layer 13 in the refrigerant tank 11 is disposed in the vicinity of the above boundary. The block member 21 used in the present example is formed by using a resin which is excellent in resistance to liquid nitrogen. When the leakage preventing member as described above is disposed, the liquid refrigerant can be prevented from leaking to the normal temperature side, and the sealing of the flange can be prevented from coming into contact with the liquid refrigerant to be cooled. • 13- 1287341 and the above leakage preventing member is not completely sealed between the liquid nitrogen layer 13 and the nitrogen layer 14 , and is used to apply the pressure of the liquid nitrogen 13 3 a to the nitrogen 1 4 a. size. (Feasibility of Industrial Utilization) The terminal structure of the present invention is preferably applied to a terminal portion of a superconducting cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the terminal structure of the superconducting cable of the present invention.
第2圖係第1圖中區域II之局部放大圖。 第3圖係本發明超導電纜之終端構造中，具有洩漏防止 構件的例子中之配置環狀構件的凸緣附近之放大圖。 第4圖係本發明超導電纜之終端構造中，具有洩漏防止 構件的例子中之配置塊狀構件的凸緣附近之放大圖。 第5圖係顯示先前技術之超導電纜之終端構造的槪略構 成圖。Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a region II in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the flange in which the annular member is disposed in the example of the terminal structure of the superconducting cable of the present invention. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view showing the vicinity of the flange of the block member in the example of the terminal structure of the superconducting cable of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the terminal structure of the prior art superconducting cable.
【主要元件符號說明】 10 襯套 10a 導體 10b 固體絕緣 10c 上部密封 11 冷媒層 11a 內面 lib 真空隔熱層 12 真空容器 -14- 1287341[Main component symbol description] 10 Bushing 10a Conductor 10b Solid insulation 10c Upper seal 11 Refrigerant layer 11a Inner surface lib Vacuum insulation layer 12 Vacuum container -14- 1287341
13 13a 14 15 20 2 1 100 100b， 101 10 1a 101c 1 0 1 d 102 102a 1 02b 102c 103 104 106 107 108 109 液態氮層 液態氮 氮氣層 冷凍機 環狀構件 塊狀上構件 超電導導體 105 接頭 冷媒 液態冷媒 氣體冷媒 氣體冷媒層 襯套 導體 固體絕緣 應力錐 真空容器 礙管 供給管 排出管 凸緣 密封 -15-13 13a 14 15 20 2 1 100 100b, 101 10 1a 101c 1 0 1 d 102 102a 1 02b 102c 103 104 106 107 108 109 liquid nitrogen layer liquid nitrogen nitrogen layer freezer ring member block upper member superconducting conductor 105 joint refrigerant Liquid refrigerant gas refrigerant gas refrigerant layer bushing conductor solid insulation stress cone vacuum container obstruction pipe supply pipe discharge pipe flange seal -15-
Claims (1)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003345590A JP4045441B2 (en) | 2003-10-03 | 2003-10-03 | Superconducting cable terminal structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW200633336A TW200633336A (en) | 2006-09-16 |
| TWI287341B true TWI287341B (en) | 2007-09-21 |
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| TW094106425A TWI287341B (en) | 2003-10-03 | 2005-03-03 | Terminal structure of a superconductive cable |
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| JP (1) | JP4045441B2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI287341B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4784852B2 (en) | 2005-01-12 | 2011-10-05 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Cryogenic container for superconducting equipment |
| KR101034327B1 (en) | 2009-04-03 | 2011-05-16 | 경상대학교산학협력단 | Bushing for Electric Power Equipment |
| JP5566714B2 (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2014-08-06 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Cryogenic cable termination connection |
| WO2011152344A1 (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2011-12-08 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Terminal connecting section for very-low temperature cable |
| JP5742006B2 (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2015-07-01 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | End structure of room temperature insulated superconducting cable |
| JP5810925B2 (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2015-11-11 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Room-temperature insulated superconducting cable connection structure |
| JP6386924B2 (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2018-09-05 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Liquid-tight structure and conductor drawing structure of superconducting cable |
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2003
- 2003-10-03 JP JP2003345590A patent/JP4045441B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JP4045441B2 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
| JP2005117724A (en) | 2005-04-28 |
| TW200633336A (en) | 2006-09-16 |
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