1286193 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 .本發明涉及-種傳熱裝置，特別係指—種熱管。 【先前技術】 好具有超靜音、高熱傳導率、重量輕、尺寸小、益 可動件、結構簡單及多用途等特性而被廣泛應用，其基: 構造係在密閉管材内壁設置易吸收工作㈣之毛細結構 _層，而其中央空間則為空胴狀態，並在抽真空之密閉管材 内注入相當於毛細結構層孔隙總容積之工作液體。熱管依 吸收與散出熱量之相關位置可分為蒸發段、冷凝段以及其 間之絕熱段；其操作原理係藉由工作液體之液、汽兩相變 化之潛熱來傳遞熱量：包括在蒸發段藉蒸發潛熱自熱源帶 走大量熱量，使工作液體蒸發並使蒸汽快速藉由管内空 間，到達冷凝段冷卻凝結成液體且釋放出熱能，上述工作 鲁液體則藉由貼於熱管内壁之毛細結構層所提供之毛細力回 流至蒸發段，達到持續相變化之熱能循環來傳輸熱量。目 刖，毛細結構大多為燒結金屬粉末、金屬網、金屬絲以及 上述不同單一型式毛細結構之組合。 然而’現有熱管技術仍有許多待克服之缺點，包括： (1)採用燒結金屬粉末、金屬網、金屬絲之熱管毛細結 構其孔隙率局限於一小範圍且其孔徑大小成統計分佈，熱 管性能難以作大幅度提升，最大傳熱能力受限； 1286193 (2)採用燒結金屬粉末、金相、金制之熱管毛細結 構不易在量產製程中獲得一致性高之毛細結構與品質，因 此，法有效控制主導傳熱性能之孔隙率及孔徑大小，造成 熱管在傳熱性能之變異性增加，· (3)如圖1所示溝槽式之熱管毛細結構其孔徑一致，但 其孔隙率無法提升’因為溝槽式熱管只有單層毛細結構， 因此其工作液體含量將受到限制進而限制了熱管之最大傳 熱量； (4)冷凝段中凝結液體㈣通道係利用與蒸發段相同之 毛細結構，雖然毛細力隨其中之孔隙直徑減少而增加，但 液體摩擦阻力亦隨之增加，不利於工作液體回流而易發生 幹化，限制其最大傳熱能力。 【發明内容】 ，有鑒於此，有必要提供一種能精確控制並能大幅提升 孔隙率及孔徑且毛細結構一致性之熱管。 一種熱管’包括-密封腔體内裝設有適量工作液 體，該腔體内壁形成有便於工作液體回流之毛細結構，所 述毛細尨構内表面圍成一沿熱管長度方向 道，該熱管包括-蒸發段、一冷凝段及一位於二者：; 二 溝槽以形成供"Γ作體’該片體上形成有複數 該熱管具有高孔隙率€細結才冓，可精確控制孔隙率及 1286193 孔徑大小並能大幅提升孔隙率，達到使用方便、大幅降低 熱p耳及提升熱管最大散熱能力之功效。 下面參照附圖，結合具體實施例對本發明作進一步之 描述。 【實施方式】 請參閱圖2及圖3，本發明實施例一之熱管1〇呈空心圓 枉狀，其包括一密封腔體1〇〇,該密封腔體100由金屬平滑 管或内壁有微小溝槽之管件構成。該密封腔體100内壁上緊 β貼設有一毛細結構200，毛細結構200内表面圍成一空心圓 枉狀之蒸汽流道300。經抽真空之密封腔體100内填充有可 隨外部熱源溫度變化而產生不同蒸發程度之工作液體（圖未 示）。 該熱管10沿其長度方向可分為一蒸發段400、一冷凝段 600及一位於蒸發段400和冷凝段600之間之絕熱段5〇〇，該 蒸發段400靠近外部熱源用以吸收熱量，並且將熱量傳遞給 參蒸汽流道300内之工作液體使其蒸發，該絕熱段5〇〇用以在 與外界隔熱狀態下傳輸蒸汽，該冷凝段6〇〇遠離外部熱源用 以將蒸汽冷凝成液體，並將熱量藉由管壁傳遞到密封腔體 100外。蒸發段400之工作液體吸收來自外部熱源之熱量後 蒸發Ά化並快速傳輸至冷凝段6〇〇，在冷凝段6〇〇散熱冷凝 成工作液體，然後藉由毛細結構200所提供工作液體最短之 平均自由路徑及適當之毛細力，使冷凝液快速且順利回流 至蒸發段400吸熱並再度蒸發汽化，實現持續相變化之熱能 1286193 循環來傳遞熱量。 ,請結合參閱圖4、圖5,該毛細結構200為由複數層波浪 狀之片體緊實堆疊而成之高孔隙率蜂巢狀毛細結構，該片 體可為金屬片體，亦可為非金屬片體，例如塑膠。本實施 例中之片體為金屬箔片，該金屬箔片可為圖4所示之無孔式 箔片210，也可為圖5所示之有孔式箔片230，該等箔片210、 230為金屬基片滾壓成形，其橫向連續分佈有複數沿其縱向 延伸之溝槽215，該溝槽215之剖面形狀大致呈三角型，其 ® 由二波峰部211、一波谷部213及連接波峰部211和波谷部 213之二侧邊212圍成。有孔式箔片230與無孔式箔片210所 不同之處在於，在箔片230表面上密佈有複數細孔214。 在由無孔式箔片210所堆疊而成之毛細結構200中，工 作液體之流動方向為一維狀態，即工作液體基本沿箔片長 度方向流動；而在由有孔式箔片230所堆疊而成之毛細結構 200中，工作液體藉由箔片上細孔214可以在各層箔片之間 φ相互滲透，所以其工作液體流動方向為三維狀態。 另外，在由無孔式箔片210所堆疊而成之毛細結構200 中，該等箔片210應主要設置於絕熱段500，並適當向蒸發 段400和冷凝段600方向延伸，或者在蒸發段400或冷凝段 600配合設置不同型式之毛細結構，以此保證熱管10具有較 佳之工作效率。 請結合參閱圖6，所述構成毛細結構200之成形箔片可 分為折板型和衝壓凸孔型，所述折板型箔片其剖面形狀包 1286193 括三角型（圖6-a示）、波浪型（圖6-b示）及多邊型（圖6-c示）， 使用·時，該折板型箔片通常需要組合一平板箔片，以便於 組合多層南孔隙毛細結構2〇〇更好地實現對其孔隙率之控 请結合參閱圖7及圖8，衝壓凸孔型箔片包括方形通孔 •箔片250和圓形通孔箔片270，該等箔片250、270分別由一 金屬基片衝壓成形，其中箔片250設有複數均勻分佈之通孔 252，母一通孔252邊緣向上延伸形成一方形凸片256，該凸 片256平行於該箔片250;箔片270上設有複數圓形通孔（圖未 示）’自該通孔邊緣向上延伸圍成一圓柱形凸片274，該凸片 274具有一頂面272。當該箔片270用於工作液體呈三維流動 狀態熱管中時，其頂面272在衝壓成形時需被穿透，其不再 具有頂面272。該等箔片250、270由於具有凸片及通孔衾士 構，使得衝壓凸孔型箔片相比較折板型箔片可省略平板^ 片，僅由至少一層衝壓凸孔型箔片即可直接構成高孔隙率 馨毛細結構。 該高孔隙率蜂巢狀毛細結構2〇〇可由單層或多層成形 箔片堆疊而成，其形狀可以係所述單一型式或不同型式箔 片之組合，成形箔片之層數和堆疊方式可以依實際需要而 定，例如：螺旋狀堆疊、同心圓等方式。螺旋狀堆疊方式 係單層或多層成形箔片沿一螺旋線繞製而成，其特^係^ 由單層箔片經反復繞製後可構成多層高孔隙率之毛細結 同心圓方式係由多層箔片繞同一圓心堆疊而成，其中、: 每一成形箔片單獨構成不同半徑處之單層毛細結構。 1286193 毛細結構200之間隙即各層間間隔大小可以藉由製程 中對箔片之形狀和尺寸控制並結合層與層間堆疊方式而實 現精確控制，以達到最佳之毛細作用力及工作介質最短平 均自由路徑之功能。成形箔片之層數越多，毛細結構200内 可容納之工作液體越多，熱管10之最大傳熱量也越大。 本發明具有高孔隙率毛細結構之熱管10製造方法之一 係，首先將成形箔片一定方式堆疊於特殊中芯棒上適當旋 緊，然後將其插入構成密封腔體100之金屬管件内，利用外 ®加金屬作用力箔片將反彈而緊貼於金屬管件内壁，接著， 將上述插入密封腔體100内之芯棒組合件送入高溫爐中使 成形箔片與密封腔體100燒結成為一體，然後抽出芯棒並將 底部熔焊密封；最後，由縮口及縮管之蒸發段400尾端充入 定量之工作液體並抽真空，再藉由後續一系列輔助製程而 完成一高孔隙率毛細結構熱管10之製作。 該熱管10之毛細結構200中呈一維排列或三維排列之 Φ多微流通道毛細結構200所形成之孔隙率及孔徑大小，可藉 由選用成形箔片之不同型式或不同製程方法、層數及堆疊 方式在製程中獲得精確控制，並能大幅提升孔隙率，有效 克服現有技術中熱管量產製程技術中不易獲得一致性毛細 結構與一致熱傳品質之缺點’進而大幅縮小熱管產品在傳 熱性能之變異性及大幅提升良品率。 依照熱管最大熱傳量之理論計算，直徑6mm之熱管每 升高1%之孔隙率可使最大熱傳量增加約10W，以現有技術 之量產技術所生產之熱管毛細結構：例如粉末燒結式、絲 11 1286193 網式、溝槽式以及將上述單一毛細結構組合之複合式 (hybrid)毛細結構，其孔隙率报難超過55%，但本發明熱管 之毛細結構不但易於製造，且可很容易將孔隙率大幅提升 並超過80%以上，達到降低熱阻及提升最大散熱能力之功 效。而且，本發明藉由至少一金屬箔片成形且緊實堆疊之 南孔隙率毛細結構之排列，以及在成形箔片上之複數細 孔，使高孔隙率毛細結構中回流冷凝液互通，除符合流體 力學外亦有效縮短工作介質之平均自由路徑，達到進一步 提升孔隙率、降低熱阻及縮短熱回應時間之功效。 具有上述特徵之本發明高孔隙率毛細結構熱管可精確 控制孔隙率及孔徑大小並能大幅提升孔隙率，達到使用方 便、大幅降低熱阻及提升熱管最大散熱能力之功效。 綜上所述，本發明符合發明專利要件，爰依法提出 利申請。惟，以上該者僅為本發明之較佳實施例， 悉本案技藝之人士，在爰依本發明㈣所作之等效修 變化，皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利範圍内。 ， 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係現有技術溝槽式熱管之軸向截面圖。 圖2係本發明熱管一實施之軸向截面圖。 圖3係圖2之徑向截面圖。 圖4係本發明無孔式箔片一實施例結構圖。 圖5係本發明有孔式箔片結構圖。 圖6係本發明折板型箔片截面圖。 圖7係本發明衝壓孔式箔片一實施例結構示咅圖1286193 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a heat transfer device, and in particular to a heat pipe. [Prior Art] It is widely used due to its characteristics of ultra-quiet, high thermal conductivity, light weight, small size, beneficial movable parts, simple structure and versatility. Its base: The structure is easy to absorb on the inner wall of the closed pipe (4) The capillary structure is a layer, and its central space is in an open state, and a working liquid corresponding to the total volume of the pores of the capillary structure layer is injected into the vacuum-tight closed pipe. The heat pipe can be divided into an evaporation section, a condensation section and an adiabatic section depending on the position of absorption and heat dissipation; the operation principle is to transfer heat by the latent heat of the liquid and vapor two-phase change of the working liquid: including borrowing in the evaporation section The latent heat of evaporation takes a large amount of heat from the heat source, so that the working liquid evaporates and the steam quickly passes through the space inside the tube, reaches the condensation section to cool and condense into a liquid and releases heat energy. The above-mentioned working liquid is adhered to the capillary structure layer attached to the inner wall of the heat pipe. The capillary force provided is returned to the evaporation section to achieve a continuous phase change in the thermal energy cycle to transfer heat. It is believed that the capillary structure is mostly a combination of sintered metal powder, metal mesh, wire, and various single-type capillary structures as described above. However, the existing heat pipe technology still has many shortcomings to be overcome, including: (1) The capillary structure of the heat pipe using sintered metal powder, metal mesh and wire has a porosity limited to a small range and its pore size is statistically distributed, and the heat pipe performance is Difficult to be greatly improved, the maximum heat transfer capacity is limited; 1286193 (2) The use of sintered metal powder, metallographic, gold heat pipe capillary structure is not easy to obtain a consistent high capillary structure and quality in the mass production process, therefore, the method Effectively control the porosity and pore size of the main heat transfer performance, resulting in increased variability of the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe. (3) The grooved heat pipe capillary structure shown in Figure 1 has the same pore size, but its porosity cannot be improved. 'Because the grooved heat pipe has only a single layer of capillary structure, its working fluid content will be limited to limit the maximum heat transfer of the heat pipe; (4) The condensed liquid in the condensation section (4) uses the same capillary structure as the evaporation section, although The capillary force increases with the decrease of the pore diameter, but the liquid friction resistance also increases, which is not conducive to the return of the working fluid. Technology, limiting its maximum heat transfer capability. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a heat pipe which can precisely control and greatly improve the porosity and the pore diameter and the consistency of the capillary structure. A heat pipe 'including- sealing cavity is provided with an appropriate amount of working liquid, the inner wall of the cavity is formed with a capillary structure for facilitating the return of the working liquid, and the inner surface of the capillary structure is surrounded by a length along the length of the heat pipe, and the heat pipe comprises - evaporation a section, a condensing section and a lie in both:; two grooves to form a "Γ" body formed on the sheet with a plurality of heat pipes having a high porosity, fine knot, precise control of porosity and 1286193 The pore size can greatly increase the porosity, which is convenient to use, greatly reduces the heat of the p ear and enhances the heat dissipation capacity of the heat pipe. The invention will now be further described with reference to the specific embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings. 2 and 3, the heat pipe 1 of the first embodiment of the present invention has a hollow circular shape, and includes a sealed cavity 1 〇〇 The tube of the groove is formed. The inner wall of the sealing cavity 100 is tightly attached with a capillary structure 200, and the inner surface of the capillary structure 200 encloses a hollow circular steam channel 300. The evacuated sealed chamber 100 is filled with a working liquid (not shown) which can vary in temperature depending on the temperature of the external heat source. The heat pipe 10 can be divided along its length into an evaporation section 400, a condensation section 600, and an adiabatic section 5〇〇 between the evaporation section 400 and the condensation section 600. The evaporation section 400 is close to an external heat source for absorbing heat. And transferring heat to the working liquid in the steam guiding channel 300 for evaporation, the heat insulating section 5 is for transmitting steam in a state of being insulated from the outside, the condensation section 6 is away from the external heat source for condensing the steam It becomes a liquid and transfers heat to the outside of the sealed cavity 100 through the tube wall. The working liquid of the evaporation section 400 absorbs heat from the external heat source, evaporates and vaporizes and rapidly transfers to the condensation section 6〇〇, condenses into a working liquid in the condensation section 6〇〇, and then provides the shortest working liquid by the capillary structure 200. The average free path and appropriate capillary forces allow the condensate to quickly and smoothly return to the evaporation section 400 to absorb heat and vaporize again to achieve a continuous phase change of thermal energy 1286193 cycles to transfer heat. Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 together, the capillary structure 200 is a high-porosity honeycomb-like capillary structure which is formed by stacking a plurality of layers of wavy sheets, and the sheet body may be a metal sheet body or a non- Metal sheet, such as plastic. The sheet in this embodiment is a metal foil, which may be a non-porous foil 210 as shown in FIG. 4 or a perforated foil 230 as shown in FIG. 5, and the foil 210 230 is a metal substrate roll forming, and a plurality of grooves 215 extending in a longitudinal direction thereof are continuously distributed in a lateral direction. The groove 215 has a substantially triangular cross-sectional shape, and the ® is composed of two peak portions 211 and a trough portion 213. The two side edges 212 connecting the peak portion 211 and the trough portion 213 are enclosed. The apertured foil 230 differs from the non-porous foil 210 in that a plurality of pores 214 are densely attached to the surface of the foil 230. In the capillary structure 200 in which the non-porous foil 210 is stacked, the flow direction of the working liquid is one-dimensional, that is, the working liquid flows substantially along the length of the foil; and is stacked by the apertured foil 230. In the formed capillary structure 200, the working liquid can penetrate into each other between the layers of the foil by the fine holes 214 on the foil, so that the working liquid flows in a three-dimensional state. In addition, in the capillary structure 200 stacked by the non-porous foil 210, the foils 210 should be disposed mainly in the adiabatic section 500 and suitably extend in the direction of the evaporation section 400 and the condensation section 600, or in the evaporation section. The 400 or the condensing section 600 is provided with different types of capillary structures to ensure that the heat pipe 10 has better working efficiency. Referring to FIG. 6, the formed foil constituting the capillary structure 200 can be divided into a folded plate type and a punched convex hole type, and the folded plate type foil has a sectional shape of 1286193 and a triangular shape (shown in FIG. 6-a). , wave type (shown in Figure 6-b) and polygonal type (shown in Figure 6-c). When using ·, the folded plate foil usually needs to be combined with a flat foil to facilitate the combination of multiple layers of south pore capillary structure. For better control of its porosity, please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8. The stamped embossed foil comprises a square through hole foil 250 and a circular through hole foil 270, and the foils 250 and 270 respectively Formed by a metal substrate, wherein the foil 250 is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed through holes 252, and the edge of the mother through hole 252 extends upward to form a square tab 256 which is parallel to the foil 250; the foil 270 A plurality of circular through holes (not shown) are disposed to extend upward from the edge of the through hole to form a cylindrical tab 274 having a top surface 272. When the foil 270 is used in a three-dimensional flow heat pipe for the working fluid, its top surface 272 needs to be penetrated during stamping and it no longer has a top surface 272. The foils 250 and 270 have a tab and a through-hole gentleman structure, so that the punched-type foil can be omitted from the flat-plate foil, and only at least one layer of the punched-type foil can be punched. Directly constitutes a high porosity fragrant capillary structure. The high-porosity honeycomb-like capillary structure 2 can be formed by stacking single-layer or multi-layered formed foils, and the shape thereof can be a combination of the single-type or different-type foils, and the number of layers and the stacking manner of the formed foil can be Actual needs, such as: spiral stacking, concentric circles, etc. The spiral stacking method is a single-layer or multi-layer forming foil wound along a spiral line, and the special layer is formed by a single-layer foil after repeated winding to form a multi-layer high-porosity capillary knot concentric pattern. The multilayer foil is stacked around the same center of the circle, wherein: each shaped foil individually constitutes a single layer of capillary structure at different radii. 1286193 The gap between the capillary structures 200, that is, the interval between the layers can be precisely controlled by the shape and size of the foil in the process and combined with the layer and interlayer stacking to achieve the best capillary force and the shortest average freedom of the working medium. The function of the path. The more the number of layers of the formed foil, the more working liquid can be contained in the capillary structure 200, and the greater the maximum heat transfer amount of the heat pipe 10. One of the manufacturing methods of the heat pipe 10 having the high-porosity capillary structure of the present invention is that the formed foil is firstly stacked on a special core rod in a certain manner, and then inserted into a metal pipe member constituting the sealed cavity 100, and utilized. The outer metal-plus-force foil will rebound and adhere to the inner wall of the metal pipe. Then, the mandrel assembly inserted into the sealing cavity 100 is sent into the high-temperature furnace to sinter the formed foil and the sealing cavity 100 into one. Then, the mandrel is taken out and the bottom is welded and sealed; finally, the end of the evaporation section 400 of the shrinkage and shrinkage tube is filled with a certain amount of working liquid and vacuumed, and then a high porosity is completed by a series of subsequent auxiliary processes. The manufacture of the capillary structure heat pipe 10. The porosity and pore size formed by the Φ multi-microflow channel capillary structure 200 in the one-dimensional or three-dimensional arrangement of the capillary structure 200 of the heat pipe 10 can be selected by different types or different process methods and layers of the formed foil. And the stacking method achieves precise control in the process, and can greatly increase the porosity, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art heat pipe mass production process technology, which is difficult to obtain a consistent capillary structure and consistent heat transfer quality, thereby greatly reducing the heat transfer of the heat pipe product. Performance variability and a significant increase in yield. According to the theoretical calculation of the maximum heat flux of the heat pipe, the porosity of the heat pipe of 6 mm in diameter can increase the maximum heat transfer by about 10 W, and the capillary structure of the heat pipe produced by the prior art mass production technology: for example, powder sintering , wire 11 1286193 mesh type, groove type and composite capillary structure combining the above single capillary structure, the porosity is difficult to report more than 55%, but the capillary structure of the heat pipe of the invention is not only easy to manufacture, but also easy The porosity is greatly improved and exceeds 80%, which can reduce the thermal resistance and improve the maximum heat dissipation capacity. Moreover, the present invention interleaves the reflux condensate in the high porosity capillary structure by the arrangement of at least one metal foil sheet and the tightly stacked arrangement of the south porosity capillary structure, and the plurality of fine pores on the formed foil. In addition to mechanics, the average free path of the working medium is effectively shortened, thereby further improving the porosity, reducing the thermal resistance and shortening the heat response time. The high-porosity capillary structure heat pipe of the invention having the above characteristics can accurately control the porosity and the pore size and can greatly increase the porosity, thereby facilitating the use, greatly reducing the thermal resistance and improving the maximum heat dissipation capacity of the heat pipe. In summary, the present invention complies with the requirements of the invention patent, and makes an application for the benefit of the law. However, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to cover the equivalent modifications of the invention (4). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is an axial sectional view of a prior art grooved heat pipe. Figure 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the heat pipe of the present invention. Figure 3 is a radial cross-sectional view of Figure 2. Figure 4 is a structural view showing an embodiment of the non-porous foil of the present invention. Figure 5 is a structural view of a perforated foil of the present invention. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a folded plate type foil of the present invention. Figure 7 is a structural diagram showing an embodiment of the stamped-hole foil of the present invention.
<· S 12 1286193 圖8係本發明衝壓孔式箔片另一實施例結構示意圖。 【车要元件符號說明】 熱管 10 密封腔體 100 毛細結構 200 箔片 210 波峰部 211 側邊 212 波谷部 213 細孔 214 溝槽 215 箔片 230 箔片 250 通孔 252 凸片 256 箔片 270 頂面 272 凸片 274 蒸汽流道 300 蒸發段 400 絕熱段 500 冷凝段 600<· S 12 1286193 Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of another embodiment of the punched hole foil of the present invention. [Car symbol description] Heat pipe 10 Sealing cavity 100 Capillary structure 200 Foil 210 Crest 211 Side 212 Groove 213 Pore 214 Groove 215 Foil 230 Foil 250 Through hole 252 Tab 256 Foil 270 Top Face 272 tab 274 steam runner 300 evaporation section 400 adiabatic section 500 condensation section 600
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