TWI279099B - Blind signal separation using a combination of correlated and uncorrelated antenna elements - Google Patents

Abstract

A communications device for separating source signals provided by M signal sources includes an antenna array comprising N antenna elements for receiving at least N different summations of the M source signals, with N and M being greater than 1. The N antenna elements include at least one antenna element for receiving at least one of the N different summations of the M source signals, and at least two correlated antenna elements for receiving at least two of the N different summations of the M source signals. The at least two correlated antenna elements are uncorrelated with the at least one antenna element. A receiver is connected to the antenna array. A blind signal separation processor is connected to the receiver for forming a mixing matrix comprising the at least N different summations of the M source signals, and for separating desired source signals from the mixing matrix. The mixing matrix has a rank equal up to at least N.

Description

1279099 Regardless of which blind signal separation technique is applied, it uses a number of inductors to receive different source signal mixes from different sources. Each sensor outputs a source signal mix that is a unique sum of the source signals. In general, the receiver does not know both the channel coefficient and the original source signal. The unique sum of the signals is used to fill a mixing matrix. An appropriate blind signal separation technique is then applied to the hybrid matrix to separate the desired source signal from the source signal mix. As an example, U.S. Patent No. 6,799,170 discloses a method of separating an independent source signal from a source signal mixture using independent Lu component analysis. Most of the sensors receive the source signal mix, and a processor samples the source signal mix over time and stores each sample as a resource vector to become a data set. Each sensor outputs a source signal mixture 'which is some unique sum of the source signals. An independent component analysis module and group implement independent component analysis of the data vector to separate an independent source signal from other signals in the source signal mixture. The source is spatially separated from each other, and the processor generates only one data vector for each respective belonging to form the data set. The application $170 also discloses the number n of the sensors. To fill the data set, 疋 is equal to or greater than the number M of the sources, that is, N^M. The problem with this implementation is that as the number M of sources increases, the number N of inductors also increases. For a large number of sensors N, the small portable device has only a small available volume, and fixing the μ sensor outside the communication device also causes a problem for the user.

Patent No. 6,931,362 discloses another method of using blind signal separation 1279099 to input > off-signal. The disclosed blind 4-symbol separation technique utilizes the blended matrix f to accommodate the array weights to form a mixing matrix that minimizes the mean square error produced by both the interference emissions and the Gaussian noise. The blending matrix maximizes the ratio of the nickname to interference plus noise. When the application patent 170 is used, the sensors are also spatially separated from each other, and the number 该 of the sensor is equal to or larger than the number μ of the source in order to fill the mixing matrix. In addition, the parent sensor provides a signal input to the mixing matrix, resulting in a portable communication device requiring a larger volume area. In view of the foregoing background, the object of the present invention is to provide a communication device comprising a small antenna array for receiving source signal mixing used by blind signal separation techniques, and thus can be separated therefrom The signal you want. This and other objects, features, and advantages consistent with the present invention are provided by a communication device for separating the # source signal provided by one of the signal sources, the communication device including receiving the one source signal differently The sum of the antenna arrays. A receiver or receiver component is coupled to the antenna array and a blind signal separation processor is coupled to the receiver to form a mixing matrix. The mixing matrix includes different sums of signals received by the antenna array. The blind signal separation processor then separates the desired source signal from the hybrid matrix. Instead of a spatially separated sensor for the different sums of the source signals provided by the mixing matrix, a small antenna can be used. For the portable 1279099 communication device, blind signal separation techniques can still be used because the antenna array can provide more than one input to the matrix and maintain small size. In particular, the antenna array can be a t-tie of associated and unrelated antenna elements. For example, the antenna array can include n antenna elements for receiving at least n different sums of the plurality of source # numbers, where n and Μ are greater than one. The one antenna element may include at least one antenna element for receiving at least one of the different sums of the one source signals, and at least two associated antenna elements for receiving at least one of the one source signals Two different sums. The at least two associated antenna elements are uncorrelated with the at least one day line component. The blind signal separation processor can form a mixing matrix comprising at least ν different sums of the one of the source signals. The number of ranks of the mixing matrix _ is at least equal to Ν. • The number of antenna elements can be equal to the number of signals from the source, in other words Ν>Μ. When the rank number of the mixing matrix is equal to κ, another configuration may be generated, where Κ < Ν, and the blind signal processor deviates from the one of the source signals from the hybrid matrix. The at least two associated antenna elements may have different polarizations. The different poles can be orthogonal to each other. The at least two antenna elements that are related and have different polarizations may include three antenna elements that are also spatially related to each other and have different polarizations, thus supporting a tripolar pole to receive the [V] source signal Three different sums. The at least two associated antenna elements can include at least two active antenna elements to form a phase array. Alternatively, the at least two associated components can include at least one active antenna component and at least one passive component to form a switched beam antenna. When different sums of the signals are received, the field type and the beam can be separated. In one case, the antenna array may form at least one antenna beam for receiving at least one different sum of the signals, and each antenna beam has a 3 dB point below a maximum gain point, which is for In at least one direction of a proximity signal, the signal is rejected and prepared. In another case, the antenna array may form at least one antenna field type in order to receive one of the different sums of the two source signals, the at least one antenna field type having substantially no sub-maximum gain point The 3 decibel point causes no signal to be rejected in any direction of the proximity signal. 'The sum of the two source signals is linear. The blind signal separation processor can separate the desired source signal from the hybrid matrix based on at least one of principal component analysis (pCA), independent component analysis (ICA), and #number numerical decomposition (SVD). Another aspect of the present invention is to apply a method of operating a communication device as defined above in order to separate source signals provided by the M signal # sources. The method can include receiving, at the antenna array, at least N different sums of the M source signals. The N antenna elements may include at least one antenna element 'to receive one of at least n different sums of the one source signals, and at least two related antenna elements to receive at least one of the plurality of source k numbers Two different sums. The at least two associated components are not associated with the at least one antenna element. The processing can include forming a mixing matrix comprising at least N different sums of the M source # numbers, and separating the desired source signal from the mixing moment 8 1279099 • array. The number of ranks of the hybrid matrices is at least equal to N 实施. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings that illustrate the preferred embodiments of the invention. However, the invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited by the embodiment. Of course, these provided embodiments will be thorough and complete and can be communicated to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals are used for the same elements and the main elements are used to identify similar elements in the alternative embodiments. The port has a source signal for a particular communication device in the communication network and has a signal for other communication devices in the same frequency band. There are also signals from noise that are not used by the communication, but they are also received by the communication device. In order to facilitate the decoding of signals of interest, it uses a separate signal to separate the signals received by a communication device. As mentioned above, the term “Μ blind” means that in an ideal situation, the signal does not need to be separated between the bean number and the communication channel, and the signal can be separated due to the interaction of the signal generated by the interaction. . In practical implementations, any knowledge of 3 ft P n h ^ ^ & In this case, the signal separation is a semi-blind separation of 'three commonly used techniques for principal component analysis σ φ vertical component analysis (ICA ) and signal numerical decomposition (s VD ). The ^^ number is independent in some of the measurable characteristics, and if its signal is total 12 1279099 20 at least one of the source signals 22 is linearly combined (mixed). The antenna element 34 includes a first antenna element 34(1) to an Nth antenna element 34(N). The source of the reception 彳§ 22(1) to 22(M) is initially formed in a hybrid matrix 36. The communication device 30 uses a blind signal separation technique to determine if a separation matrix 308 located at the separated source signal is in the mixing matrix. The separated signal is represented by the numeral 3 9 . The communication device 30 uses the method of sampling or mixing the received source signals to acquire the source signal mixture received by the antenna array 32 in a manner that does not require knowledge of the characteristics. The output of each antenna element 34, after having been circulated with the channel impulse response, in other words, between the signal source 2 〇 output and the output of an antenna element 34 plus additional Gaussian noise, The model of the source signal 22. ... See, in reference to Fig. 2, the communication device 3 for separating the source signals provided by the M signal sources 20(1) to 20(M) will be discussed in detail. An antenna array = contains (four) antenna elements 34(1) to 34(n), and at least N different sums of m(s), where _ is greater than i. The antenna is in any specific configuration. The antenna array may include two antenna elements 34. The antenna array may be configured in the form of an i-row = array or a switched beam array. The m-line array 32 is downstream connected to the one source signal 2 to receive the signal. Downstream of the unit 40 is connected / a different sum. At the radio receiver 40, the processor core can also be included in the 1279099 radio transceiver 40. The different sums of the % source signals 22 received by the radio transceiver 4 are used to fill the mixing matrix 36. The mixing matrix 36 is then processed by one or more blind signal separation processing modules 44, 46 and 48 among the processors 42. The blind signal separation processing module includes a principal component analysis module 44, an independent component analysis module 46, and a signal value decomposition module 48. These modules 44, 46 and 48 can be configured as part of a blind signal splitter. The principal component analysis module 44 operates according to different first and second motion differences of the received source signals, and the independent component analysis module 46 operates according to the third and fourth motion differences of the same signal. The signal value decomposition module 48 performs signal separation based on the eigenvalues of the different sums of the received source signals. The correlation process is initially implemented by the principal component analysis module 44 to identify an initial separation matrix 38 (") for the different sums of the source signals, and the independent component analysis module 46 then determines to use the hybrid matrix 36. A strengthened separation matrix 38(2) separated from the source signal. If the signal is separated by the signal value decomposition module 48, also from the mixing matrix 36, a separation matrix 38(3) for different summation of the source of the punch received source is determined. The separated signals from each of the respective separation matrices 38(1) through 38(3) are indicated by reference numeral 39. The split signal 39 then performs signal analysis using a signal analysis module 50 to determine the signals of interest as well as the interference signals. An application related processing module 52 processes the signals output from the signal analysis module 5A. The decision as to which signals are of interest is not always related to the final signal being decoded. For example, the application can provide one of the signal items in the hybrid matrix A in order to confirm the interference. > Test No. 3 will know the initial description of the same mode description or summary for the hybrid matrix a, which produces a linear independent sum of the source signals. After - short mediation, each method will be detailed. The first part of the diagram is not green; 7 S , , , | Block 1 shows an unrelated sensor, where each sensor provides a signal input to the mixed matrix A. Block diagram 1-2 shows an associated antenna array in which the array provides a majority of inputs to fill the mixing matrix A. Block diagram 〇4 • Also shows an antenna array where a portion of the antenna element is correlated and the antenna elements have different polarizations for filling the mixing matrix A. The different combinations of the inductor and the antenna array proposed by the block diagrams 100, 102 and 104 can also be integrated in the block diagram 1-6 to further fill the hybrid matrix in the block diagram 116. The second part of the illustration proposes an enhancement of the antenna configuration provided in the first part. The enhancement is generated by adding or replacing the sum of the collected source signals and further filling the mixing matrix A. The block diagram J08 is related to the column offset, where the height of the antenna pattern is changed to receive the additional sum of the source k ί. Any combination in the block diagram 1 〇 6 can also be used in the array offset block diagram 108. In the block diagram 110, the path selection is implemented, so that the sum of the source signals used to fill the hybrid matrix A is correlated (first and second motion differences) and/or statistics (third and fourth motions). Poor) Independent. In other words, the companion signal is selected to receive a new sum of the source signals to replace non-related and/or statistically independent sums. The block diagram 11 can also be fed back in block diagram 1279099: in any combination of 1〇8. The block diagrams 108 and 110 are also fed back to the hybrid matrix block diagram 116. There is a multiplication effect of 2' and can be applied in combination with the outputs of the block diagrams 1,6, 1, 8, 11, and 112. The third part of the diagram illustrates the splitting of the signal to further fill in the mixing matrix in Fig. 116. For example, the block diagram m uses a fractional month, a horse to split different sum signals. If a sum signal has a k-fixed code, the particular sum signal can be processed to provide the k sum signals associated therewith. This scatter code can be applied in conjunction with the output of the block 胄ι〇6, (10) and no. The block diagram 114 sets the different sum signals, > knife 4, into in-phase (I) and quadrature (q) components to further fill the hybrid matrix. The in-phase and quadrature components are therefore the last part of the illustration for the missing matrix, which is formed in block diagram 11 (5). As described in the illustrative diagram, the hybrid matrix a can The different sums of the source signals are filled in with any of the block diagrams described above. This antenna array configuration in the first portion has the advantage that a small g antenna array can be formed to fill the mixing matrix. A. The antenna array configuration in the second and third portions is advantageous in that the N antenna elements, wherein n is smaller than the number of source signals Μ ' can be filled with μ or more sums of the source signals Among the mixing matrices. In the antenna configuration perspective discussed in the illustrative diagram, an antenna array comprising one of the associated antenna elements is used to receive at least one different sum of the one source signals, where Ν and Μ Greater than 1. In an embodiment, the antenna array is a switched beam antenna 1279099 140 as described in FIG. 4, and the switched beam antenna array 14 produces a plurality of antenna patterns, including pointing The antenna antenna pattern and the directional antenna pattern. The switching beam antenna 14A includes an active antenna element 142 and a pair of passive antenna elements 144. The actual number of active and passive antenna elements 142, 144 can be as desired. The application is changed. A detailed discussion of the switched beam antenna array can be obtained by referring to US Patent Application Νο· 10/06~5, 752. This patent application is set as the current assignee of the present invention, where the complete text is integrated into The parent passive antenna element 144 includes an upper half 144a and a lower half 144b. The upper half H4a of the passive antenna element 144 is coupled to a ground plane 146 via a reactive load 148. The load 148 is a variable reactance that can change its capacitance and inductance by using a varactor, transmission line or switch. The radiation pattern can be varied by varying the reactive load 148. Because there are two passive antenna elements 144 Thus, four different antenna patterns can be formed. _ The two antenna patterns can be used to receive a unique sum of signals ~. The fourth antenna field The type is a linear combination of the other three, so it is not used for the term in the mixing matrix A. Therefore, using the three antenna elements used, a unique sum of three signals Xj can be input to the mixing matrix A. The advantage of the switched beam antenna is that a mixing matrix having a rank number of 3 can be supported by using the 3 elements 142 and 144'. In another embodiment, the antenna array includes N associated active antenna elements, Thus, as depicted in Figure 5, the antenna array forms a phase 1279099. The array 160. The phase array 16A includes a plurality of active antenna elements 162, and a majority weight control component 64 coupled to the delta-sigma active antenna elements. The weight control component 164 adjusts the amplitude and/or phase of the received signal to form a composite beam. A splitter/combiner 166 and a controller 168 are coupled to the weight control component 164. A detailed discussion of the switched beam antenna array can be obtained by referring to u.s. Patent Appiication ν〇· 6,473,036. This patent application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety in its entirety in its entirety in its entirety in its entirety in its entirety in its entirety in its entirety in its entirety in The number of the active elements 162 supports the mixing matrix A having the same rank number. Even if the number of 亥 sources is equal to the number n of the active elements, that is, Μ=Ν, the active array 100 is still a small form because the initiative The element 162 is spatially related to the poles, which exceeds the distance of more than one wavelength in comparison to conventional methods using unrelated antenna elements. In a further embodiment, the number of ranks of the mixing matrix may be κ, which is Κ, 因此, so the blind signal separation processor 49 separates κ of the source signals from the mixing matrix. As will be discussed further later, ν can also be greater than ]VI. In both the switched beam antenna 140 and the phase array 160, the distance between its respective antenna elements 142, 144 and 162 is set to a suitable bake to front ratio. This is because the traditional use of these antenna arrays is used to reject unwanted signals (in other words, to be close behind) and to enhance the desired signal (in other words, strong proximity). 21 1279099 In any case, for the purpose of establishing a hybrid matrix, the goal is to establish different sums of signals. In this application, the signal of interest may actually be less than the interference and still be separable, since the apparent difference in this purpose is not necessarily a specific separation between the antenna elements. The antenna elements can be further close to each other, producing a %-type in conventional, poor, front-to-back ratios and still well suited for use in a hybrid matrix. In practice, such field types will be more common in blind signal source separation applications. The reason is to use a good front-to-back ratio, which needs to be tracked to keep pointing to the front of the desired signal and/or to the rear of the interference. By using a field pattern that differs in different directions but still has significant gain, the signal tracking is not required. An antenna beam can be defined as having a 3 decibel point below a maximum gain point, thereby providing signal proximity to signal rejection in at least one direction. Similarly, the antenna pattern can be defined as having no 3 decibels below a maximum gain point, and it does not cause signal rejection in any direction where the signal is close. _ In many applications, the difference in specific distances between components can greatly reduce the size of the overall antenna array. In another application +, in practice, the distance between the components can be increased to alleviate the problem of tracking, but the degree of non-correlation of some additional # is known. In another embodiment, as described in FIG. 6, the antenna array includes just N antenna elements, and at least N different signals of the M source signals are received by l|A- Λ > Γ Vrci - H rr τ M sum. The N antennas are related to each other from at least two 182a, 182b of the s, and deep members, and have different polarizations to receive 兮兮7 士μ. The source signal of the Μ Ν is a different sum of 8 22 1279099 at least two, where N and Μ are greater than 1. The other antenna elements 184a, 184b in the array 180 may be correlated or uncorrelated for the antenna elements 1 82, 182b. Although the other pair described is a polarized antenna element 184a, 184b, these elements may be replaced with the same bias. Moreover, these elements can also be unrelated to each other. The different bias poles for the antenna elements 182, 182b may be orthogonal to each other. In another embodiment, the antenna elements 182a, 182b include a third component 128c, such that the three biases are used to support the reception of the three different sums of the signals. Subsequent discussions support the use of this polarization to fill in the hybrid matrix. The three different dipole antenna elements 182a, 182b, 182c receive three linear and independent signal sums. The definitions and relationships of the X, y, and Z axes will be described and used in Figure 7. For example, it has the following relationship: - X = s cos (8) sin (4) y = S sin((9)sin(^) zS cos(^) The simplified assumption is that the signal has a linear polarization and the signal is linear钃^' and one of three linear antenna elements on each orthogonal axis. For example, 'antenna element 182a is on the x-axis, antenna element 丨82b is on the y-axis' and antenna element 18 2 c is on the z-axis The upper simplifies the mathematical expression by locating the three linear antenna elements 182a, 182b, 182c on a positive parent axis. In a practical development, the antenna elements 182a, 182b, 182c do not need to be strictly orthogonal, or It is necessary to meet at a common point. The removal of this hypothesis will not violate the general conclusion, but will occur in the case of insufficient number of ranks. 23 1279099 The following definitions will be adopted, where the numerical subscript and 1, 2, 3 reference Correlation · · Signal incident on 70 pieces of the antenna; Μ2, θ3 : X, Y plane electric field (E) angle of the signal; (M3: Ζ-axis electric field angle of the signal; and: sum of incident signals and an antenna The inner product of the component. Therefore, the vector component is: X y Z g 'x' element 1 0 0 _'y' element 0 1 0 , z' element 0 0 1 S1 coefficient cos(6)sin(4) sin(0)sin(decision) cosfe) ' S2 coefficient cos(02)sin(02) sin(02) Sin(么) cos(么) _ S3 coefficient cosfe)sinfe) sin(巧)sin(also) cos(^3) Take inner product for each antenna element and signal '(x ·Y=XlX2+y iy2+ZlZ2) Determine the sum of the relative electric field components in the element. These values are used to establish the mixing matrix: r, i rcos(^)sin(^) sinfe sinW cosW V a cosfe)sin(^2) sin(^2)sin^) cos(^2 A y kJ cosfe)sinfc ) sinfe)sinfc) cosfejj where: 24 1279099 det cos(0)sin (4) sin(02 )sin(m)cos(m) + cos(^2)sjn^ \ . 33 丨—(♦os(wsin (4) cos( What) sin&)-co life) = sinWsinWc. Xcos (6) sin(6)-sinh)_ + cos(^)sin(^2)sin(^)[cos(<92)sin(^3)- sin(<92)c〇s^2 \t :smWsm02 )c〇S(color)[cos (6) Sin(%) - as )) coffee (.cos (4) sin (4) sin (color) [cos(<92)sin@3)_ sin^^cosg sm (4) cos (who )sin(色)[sin((9丨)cos(<93) - 3, i

:sin (4) sin(4)cos (4) sin(% -0) 3;J + cos (4) sin(m) sin("3 jsin(<93 - (3⁄4) sin (4) cos (4) Sin" jsin"-a) The number of ranks will now be discussed Insufficient situation. When A, the number of mixed matrix ranks will occur. When the determinant value is equal to the shape of 〇 occurs: Insufficient situation. This is in the following case 1) 产 Production 0 2= 0 3 The element 'X' and 'y' will receive the same contribution from all = one signal. 2) φ i φ 2 φ 3 ο 0 0 0 0 90° 0 90° 〇90° 0 〇90° 90° 90° Any combination of 180 degrees added to the table entry will result in other insufficient number of ranks. . This occurs when the signal is not independently added by a sufficient combination of antenna elements. 3) Each 1 or 2 all add up to 〇, but: 25 1279099 sin (for) sin (m) cos (also) sin(02 - 0 ) - + cos(^)sin(^2)sin(^ 3) sin(03 -θ2) + sinfe )cos(^2 )sin(^3 )sin(^ - ) = 〇 This implies that there is a small solid between the signals at nearly equal polar signals. The angle of separation, the signal is aligned but close from the opposite side of the array, or some other non-hanging accidental heart incident 'has the same level of energy for both elements. As in the above discussion, the first part of the illustration proposes an antenna configuration. The antenna configuration discussed above, including non-correlated sensors, can be assembled using a multi-layer combination to provide different sums of the one source signals into the mixing matrix. Referring now to Figure 8, a communication device 200 will be discussed for separating source signals provided by one of the signal sources. The antenna array 202 includes a plurality of antenna elements for receiving at least one of the sum of the μ source signals, wherein Ν and Μ are greater than one. The one antenna element includes at least one antenna element 204 for receiving at least one of the different sums of the one source signals, and at least two antenna elements 206 for receiving the source signals. At least two of the different sums. The two associated antenna elements 206 are not associated with the antenna elements 2〇4. The antenna array can include additional antenna elements in a variety of combinations, where the elements are correlated, uncorrelated or polarized. A receiver 210 is coupled to the antenna array 202 for receiving at least one different sum of the μ source signals. A blind signal separation processor 212 is coupled to the receiver for forming a mixing matrix 214 comprising at least ν different sums of the one source signals. The mixing matrix has a rank number equal to at least 12 26 1279099 212 from the mixing matrix a, and the desired source signal 216 is separated in the blind signal separation processor. The second part of the diagram presents the 箆, » & ® pass the first part to provide the antenna configuration strong, #, 9 刀飞 instead of 镔 collecting the sum of the source signals generated 'and further fill the hybrid matrixΑ Among them. =, and the correlation is related to the array offset for receiving the sum of the additional signals by the hybrid matrix A without adding additional antenna elements 1 (4). The array offset is related to controlling the antenna pattern in the azimuth and/or height direction. Lu will now discuss with reference to Figure 9 a communication device 24() that uses array offsets to separate the source signals provided by one of the signal sources. The antenna array 242 includes a plurality of antenna elements 244 that produce a fixed initial antenna pattern in order to receive a different sum of the one source signals. The antenna array 242 also includes a height controller 246 that selectively changes at least one of the one of the initial antenna patterns in order to generate at least one additional antenna pattern, thereby receiving at least one additional of the one source signals Different sums. A receive state 248 is coupled to the antenna array 242 and receives the different sums of the one source signals using the one of the first antenna patterns, and also uses the at least one additional antenna pattern to receive the one source signals At least one extra different sum. A blind signal separation processor 250 is coupled to the receiver 248 for forming a mixing matrix 252 that includes ν different sums of the one source signals and at least one additional different sum of the one source signals. The number of ranks of the mixing matrix, equal to Ν plus the additional antenna pattern, is used to receive the number of additional different sums of the source signals. The processor 250 separates the desired signal 254 from the hybrid matrix of 27 1279099. In general, any antenna array device capable of providing signal summing is suitable for increasing the number of mixed matrix ranks that can be used with a biasing mechanism. The eccentricity will result in two different sums of the mixed matrix used for each antenna array device. So with this technique, there will be a 2x product effect. If the antenna offset is divided into K different regions related to the antenna, each of the K regions can be used for two independent offset regions and filled into the hybrid matrix. For example, if the antenna itself can provide N sums and there are different offset regions, the sum of the signals in the mixing matrix will be 2*κ*Ν. For the purpose of description, the reference to the figure will show the modification of the switched beam antenna 100 in Fig. 4, so that the antenna pattern can be tilted up or down in height. Specifically, the upper half l〇4a' of each passive antenna element 1〇4 is connected to the ground plane 1〇6 through a reactive load 1〇8. The lower half 104b of each passive antenna element 104 is also coupled to the ground plane 1〇6 via a reactive load _18. The reactance on the passive antenna element has the effect of lengthening or shortening the passive antenna element. The inductive load will lengthen the power of the passive antenna element 1〇4, while the capacitive load will shorten it. An antenna beam is proportional to the reaction load 108 of the upper half 104, and the reaction load 118 of the lower half 104b, is deflected upward or downward in the height direction. By adjusting the ratio, as described in the figure, the antenna pattern will be able to point up to 97 or down to 99. When adjusting the grace angle of an antenna field 28 1279099 to receive a mixed signal, at least one additional rank = mesh is added to the mixing matrix A. Using the array offset, more signals can be received for the hybrid matrix A without increasing the number N of antenna elements. This particular implementation has two different offset regions that are controlled by the reactance alone. The field generation capability of the array is three independent field types, so the total number of signals that can be used to establish the hybrid matrix is 12 (2*2*3). Referring to the above-mentioned document U.S. Patent Application No. 10/065,752, the inner valley of the Xinsuo #, which discloses in detail how to adjust the antenna wave f in height. The array offset technique can also be used in all of the antenna array embodiments discussed above, and any other antenna array that is sensitive to ground plane interaction. Another embodiment of the temperature controller, as depicted in Figure 12, is an adjustment device 270 in accordance with a ground plane 272 with the antenna element 274. With the antenna element 274 = antenna % type, β is controlled in the manner of controlling the radio frequency adjusting device 27 β, which is readily agreed by the experts in the field. Figure 13, Discussion - Communication Device _, the other type of enhancement of the antenna configuration provided in the first part of the illustration is the same as the array offset enhancement discussed above. The communication device 300 includes a proper line array 302' which includes N elements for forming the M source signals to form "one antenna beam" and N is greater than 2. 8 29 1279099 A controller 306 is connected The antenna array is operative to selectively form the at least N antenna beams, and a receiver component 308 is coupled to the antenna array 302' for receiving at least n different sums of the one source signals. The number separation processor 3 10 is coupled to the receiver component % for forming a mixing matrix 312 comprising at least ν different sums of the one source signals. The blind signal separation processor 310 also determines the difference of the μ source signals. The sum 'whether correlated or statistically independent, and if not, then operates with the controller 306 to form a different beam for receiving a new different sum of the one source signals to replace the hybrid matrix 3 In Fig. 2, there is no different sum of statistically independent source signals. Then, the desired source signal 314 is separated from the mixing matrix 312. • The rake receiver is a type • Radio receivers designed to withstand the effects of multipath fading. To align to their respective multipath components, use a number of independent receivers that are slightly delayed from each other to do the job. It can also take advantage of most Radio access network form. It is already known to be particularly advantageous in terms of modulated scatter coding format, which has the ability to select a particular incident signal path to make it suitable for a change to supply a blitzing js number. Means for separating the processor paths. The N antenna beams are selectively formed as discussed above, and can also be applied to all radio access networks, which are also well known to those skilled in the art. In the case of a multiple access (CDMA) system, the receiver component 308 includes N rake receivers 316. Each rake receiver 316 includes k fingers for the respective antenna 1279099 elements connected thereto Each of the N different sums of the one source signals is received, and k different multipath components are selected. In this configuration, the blind signal separation processor 310 is coupled to the 牦耙 receiver 316 for forming the mixing matrix 312. The mixing matrix 312 includes at least kN different multipath components of the M source signals for at least N different sums, and has a special In particular, when a coded multiple access waveform is passed, it typically faces most path selections from source to destination. One-shot receiver 316 is used for a more robust signal decoding purpose. Specifically designed to capture and combine the majority of these respective events. When the original signal is passed along each path, its properties are adjusted by the characteristics of the path. In some cases, the correlation of the received signal And/or the adjustment of statistical characteristics will be large enough to be considered as a detachable signal stream. It is also possible to adjust the 璋 巴 接收 receiver ^16 to capture each conditioned signal stream and treat it as a unique term, filling in the ^mixing matrix 312. However, this method of increasing the number of ranks is not always two: the use of 'when it is most likely needed, in the highly multipathing environment # should be available. When the one-shot receiver 316 can utilize the different paths, as discussed with reference to Figure 3, for any modulation technique, beamforming mode = a more general solution. This is different from the 接收 receiver 316, which is used for the desired signal enhancement and the desired signal back to expectations;: the difference is that the rejection signal is narrow for the receiver. Another form of phase, °Λ. In any event, the receiver component 308 must measure these majority unique transmission paths of the same signal to establish the hybrid 8 31 1279099 matrix 312 to have a sufficient number of ranks. The third part of the explanatory diagram proposes signal splitting performed to further fill in the mixing matrix a. In one method, the sum signal is split using scatter coding. In another method, the sum signal is split using in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) modules. Reference will now be made to Figure 14, which discusses signal splitting using scatter coding. The communication device 400 described includes an antenna array 〇2 that includes N antenna elements 404 to receive at least N different sums of the one source signals. A code despreader 406 is coupled to the N antenna elements 404 for decoding at least N different sums of the M source signals. Each of the N different sums contains k codes for providing k different sums of the source signals associated therewith. A turtle-receiver component 408 is coupled to the coded de-disperser 406 for receiving at least kN different sums of the one source signals. A blind signal separation processor 410 is coupled to the receiver component 408 for forming a mixing matrix 412 comprising at least kN different sums of the M source signals. The number of ranks of the array 412 is equal to kN. The blind signal separation processor 41 分离 separates the desired source signal 414 from the mixing matrix 412. The signal separation described above can also be used to increase the number of ranks of the mixing matrix 412 without increasing the number N of antenna elements, depending on the modulation of the received signal. Code division multiple access IS-95, code division multiple access 2〇〇〇, and wideband demultiplexed multiple access (WCDMA) are examples of distributed frequency 4 communication systems using decentralized coding. An ordinary thread processes a unique code with each signal to spread the data into a larger frequency band. 32 1279099 Effective value. Under appropriate conditions, this will cause the mixing matrix to increase to a value greater than the number of codes. For example, N antenna elements and 编码 codes can provide nm matrix columns. For the purpose of the purpose, it is assumed that 3 codes are known, and the 3 known codes are ",", and the positive father. In the code de-disperser 4〇6, the top 3 of the mixture moment A 3 and the bottom 3 % 'Each of them comes from the general situation of the antenna signal obtained after each work = use 3 known known to be decentralized. V X2 Χ3 Χ4 Χ5 0 hi 0 αιι 0 Ο α4ΐ Ο 0 ο ο ο 3333 ο ο α63 Item 4, ^14 αΐ5 (α24 α25 «26 α34 α35 α36 α44 α45 «46 α54 α55 α56 α64 ^65 4 , 5 , 6 ^3 Λ ν α 人Ί土压王 6 is used for the same The indicator unknown letter # can be: 疋 unknown encoding other cell signals. The same, ... ^ other signals can be observed in accordance with the central limit 』 斯 信 : : 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取 取; ί non-random signal, will mean a Gaussian two said two kinds of sufficient number - Gaussian signal unknown in the d! road. The number is separated by two solutions, the target is 6 is reduced" t rank number is The mixing matrix 412 of 6. The rank selling is derived by multiplying two antenna elements by a factor of three. 4 1279099 • Since there are three known codes, "Hai 6 numbers are applied to the blind signal separation processor 410, in which a mixing matrix 412 having a rank number of 6 is formed. The blind signal separation processor 410= recognizes the separation The matrix w is only derived from the ° received signal adjusted by the channel: χ = Α 5. In the example of the description, six signals can be separated. i The blind, number separation processor 41 selects the decoded signal. The side interference h number can be discarded, and all forms of the desired signal are selected. The selection signal is applied to a demodulator module for demodulation. The demodulator uses a known equalization technique. The multipath shape of the same signal is "in the above, in order to simplify the value of the value other than the diagonal line shown as 〇, it may not actually be zero. This is more generally when the two sexes are not complete. It means that each separate signal has: noise. However, as shown before, the rank number of the matrix is a reduction of the signal 'so its value will be reduced in the blind signal separation process'. Causing noise reduction And the increase of the signal-to-noise ratio, as indicated by the law of the law (-_'S law), so that the channel capability is increased by referring to Figure 15, to increase the number of ranks of the hybrid matrix A, and 2 to increase the number of antenna elements N. In another way, the signal is separated into the in-phase and quadrature components. The in-phase and quadrature components of the received signal are the same amplitude but in the phase difference; the electrical frequency signal includes the antenna array...04 to receive the signal. At least N different sums of one source signal. f 35 1279099 respective in-phase and quadrature modules 5〇6 are connected to the downstream end of each antenna element 504 to separate each 77 of the N different sums from which the source signals are received thereby in-phase and positive A collection of components. A receiver component 508 is coupled to the downstream end of each in-phase and quadrature module 506 for receiving at least one of the in-phase and quadrature component sets for at least ν different sums of the one source signals. A blind signal separation processor 51 is coupled to the downstream end of the receiver component 508 to form a mixing matrix 5丨2 comprising at least two different sums of the plurality of source numbers. Each in-phase and Lu-Father component set provides two inputs that are populated into the blending matrix 512. The number of ranks of the mixing matrix 512 is equal to 2 Ν, and the blind signal separation processor 510 separates the desired source signal 514 from the mixing matrix 512. Figure 16 depicts the respective in-phase and positive-intersection modules 506 at the downstream end of an antenna element 5〇2. A mixed signal 'received at the antenna element is split by the - mixer 520. The in-phase and quadrature components are typically generated by translating an intermediate frequency (IF) signal into another frequency range using two simultaneous accumulators, applying a 9-degree reference 俨 # outside the same phase. The in-phase and quadrature signals - the phase information stored in the intermediate frequency signal, whereby a signal having a forward frequency and a signal having a negative frequency can be distinguished. By separating the received mixed signal into in-phase and quadrature components, the size of the hybrid matrix is increased by 2 times square + + secret a ~ 10,000. As long as the in-phase and quadrature components are encoded using different data streams, the mixed signal received by the household & y A ^ ^ ^ at any antenna element can then be split into two different mixed signals by the splitting knife. In the case of differential coding, it is necessary to divide the handle and the blade itself to determine the same as the orthogonal component 36. (4) Say the communication system (deleted) 'has been shown when using the appropriate filtering: 仃: can be in the receiver by assuming that the "Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK) encoding is linear and the 2 Biphase Shift Key _) encoding deal with. : In-phase and quadrature processing for blind signal separation processing for bi-phase shift keying. The use of the in-phase and quadrature components can be filled into the hybrid matrix A using any of the antenna examples described above. When the in-phase and quadrature components are used: when the production result uses twice the number of the antenna pieces, the mixed matrix A can be filled. Another example is the use of two antenna elements (factors of 2 σ, which are uncorrelated with each other and have different polarities (factor 2*2), and are combined with 誃 in-phase and quadrature components (factor is 2*2*) 2), thus producing 8 independent mixed signal sums. This mechanism can also utilize antenna array offset techniques to create more signal sums. Each of these sums can then be separated into in-phase ^ orthogonal components. Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna for multiple use of the same radio frequency. A receiver processing technique for interference cancellation that uses field dispersion rather than antenna dispersion, And minimizing the number of antennas required to achieve increased signal robustness and associated data ratio. An antenna array has a variable weight in its receiver path. When these weights are changed, the antenna field is adjusted Type. By using the same technique as the document published for blind nickname (BSS), it can be included

CC 1279099 Most: The receiver data of the scrambled signal, the desired signal is taken. How is the formation of the second! 1 sea field type, as described in Fig. 17, in the multi-transmission structure, the number of field segments can be replaced by field-distribution, and the number of antenna elements will be n = The ::LK field type will be generated less than the antenna element compared to the prior art. In the same method as the current antenna array, only μ k of all transmissions are equal. Because this is one, two resolution, and 〖, the minimum 丄 二固: /::: receiver case, for the antenna antenna excess. Will be required to receive the 11-field or transmission receiver system in the separate processing technology, in the method of the matrix, there is a discussion of the Four-dimensional inter-frame interference (ISI) The conversion limit is the subsequent block type ^ $ code, repeat / elimination 1 conversion provided in Figure 18, including: Viterbi (5) coffee), which has been added to 5 /epetm〇n/puncturing) It is connected with the inserted mass: the side is the transmission side. This subsequent block diagram is also added to the special::: separation interference removal, removal of the agglomerate, solution repetition / solution two special:::: two; broadly overcome the use of the code. In this case, the alternative coding form of the wheel code is also suitable for 5/, so that the data link between the source data ratio and the transmission resource 1279099 corresponds. The "insert block, the continuous, the source" is machined to maximize the possibility of proper decoding, wherein its improvement, the recovery of the channel condition. The introduced clump error is coming疋 造成 疋 D D D D D 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在Data stream. The "blind signal separation interference removal" is: 'reducing the signal of the expected signal before switching back to the time domain. · False f The formed frequency domain signal has a known statistical characteristic, and its appeal is not The best method of copying the sentence, using the non-uniform distribution (the degree of peak-to-average ratio), will be to add a non-linear mapping at the output of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) (to the extent of the signal over the frequency) And add - reverse conversion at the input of the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT). In addition, this signal is generally modulated, and in a practical solution, is connected to a transmission frequency, so Will increase in the picture Modulator, upconverter and downconverter, demodulator. There will be discontinuities at the boundary between the transmitted waveforms. This can be eliminated in many ways. One method is to add a guard band between the waveforms. Interpolating between the waveforms to minimize the resulting frequency components. All of the methods discussed above for establishing the hybrid matrix can be part of this implementation. Another aspect of the present invention is For field dispersion, to support layer space communication. Referring now to Figure 19, in the preferred embodiment, the transmitter changes the power level for each layer space stream on a time slot basis. Arriving at the receiver at different levels of power, which provides the appropriate difference in the received signal for filling into a suitable 39 1279099 matrix for blind signal separation processing. Since all power adjustments are made at the transmitter, The number of L antenna elements at the receiver is 丨, and there is no need to generate field-type hardware or software at the receiver. This method also satisfies the prior art, where The small angular difference between the signals is no longer a problem in generating field-type contours with appropriate differences between the signals. In other embodiments, there are differences from the desired transmitter. Significant interference. If such interference is singular, the difference between it and the desired transmitter wavefront of the change is such that the blind signal separation process separates all signals. If there is more than one significant interference, The rank number of the matrix is not sufficient. The system performance can be improved by generating additional field type changes at the receiver. Although this is different from the preferred embodiment, it still requires a significant amount of field compared to before. Type, and therefore, less relevant implementation on the receiver side. Μ In another embodiment, most of the data stream is added for transmission through a single antenna element through a single transmission. The relative power level is changed in such a way that it is separated from the decoding. The respective signal flows in the intrusion point of this method are subject to the same transmission path, and the relationship between the relative signals of the taster is still maintained. This is in the state of crying _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A very robust decoding is provided at the receiver. This concept is adjustable, and the majority of the signals transmitted by different antenna elements can be transmitted. Therefore, the gain can be dispersed along most paths, and 1279099 and/or the spatial capability gain can obtain a strong signal separation rate peak-to-average ratio constant, and the power of the summed signal: ,: can be = the number of powers is close to the m-force rate The degree of mode adjustment j uses all methods of the dimension matrix, which can be done for this purpose. Another point of view of Mao Ming is for wave-shaped majority transmitters. Now take the test 20. Use the 乂 杈 杈 , 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调 调The expected access point is unintended: taking point two will therefore receive different power forms of the transmitted signal. This is used to separate the information needed to separate the signals. ', the modulation can be changed with the transmission power line' so that the general directionality, the bundle type can be used. It is also possible to use other variants like the change-transmission beam. The most efficient way is to make the transmitter set the internal clock in the ::=r device, or to synchronize with the ^5 bit time. If the signal arrives at the receiver, the c is not aligned. The separation signal in the machine signal separation is decreased by 匕 匕 曰. Alignment can be adjusted in a manner that confirms the distance to the device and measures the time delay. Techniques for clock advancement or delay can then be used by the access device. Assuming that the gain of the received signal changes, the appropriate receiver that has been aligned by the user with the blind signal separation access point that is considered to be the target, and otherwise the interference may vary. If there is no overall network integration, the intended receiver should be aligned. If there is an overall network 1279099 way, the best measure is to show that the signal is simply removed as if it were interference, but at the intended receiver, the proper alignment of the separation is still provided. ', if there is a 1 k唬 that does not use this radio frequency power level modulation technique, a typical signal rejection technique can be used. Alternatively, the receiver: in a field type or other manner, to increase the number of ranks for which the blind signal is separated. Even if the latter method is used, the degree of freedom of deriving the matrix information will greatly reduce the method used to implement the hybrid matrix at the access point receiver. All the methods discussed above for establishing the hybrid matrix can be done ^ A part of this implementation. ... Another aspect of the present invention is to separate the radio frequency for the blind signal '觫: two to best, processing and power drain. Need to be separated, the number of data streams of interest, ,,, and interest can be reduced. In general, the number of ranks of the array determines the maximum number of valid signals to be separated. Number = the remainder is treated as noise. Therefore, this value needs to be at the minimum inclusion of - being decoded. A possible larger minimum may be required, with the component 'so that the signal noise ratio is formed - an acceptable decoded picture describing the operation of only operating the receiver. Figure 22 is a 21st, %, port, including data from the transmitter to the receiver, including data from the receiver to the transmitter. , select >, for example, the option to fill in the matrix exceeds the number of ranks required for operation. Hai 2? Train Control can reduce the number of options used. Some choices from available-ports may be more satisfactory for others, 42 1279099 and the best choice for the formation of a lower matrix rank number. This set can be used to compare the other options from the different options, by trial and error (such as comparing the use of the option k with the results when not used), or the historical / test of the condition /,, beta fruit Determined. The boundaries of the methods or methods used may also be determined by the validity of given known conditions and historical evidence. The field device is known to be located in a range of effective signals from a number of sources. Second, the same occurs in the coverage overlap area. The highest power U疋 can be expected to come from a distinctly different direction. This option should therefore be chosen to provide a valid signal difference in those directions. For coding, the error correction code determines the error rate that can be tolerated in the county-decoded data stream. Because this raw error ratio is also a function of the subset of the matrix fill option, there is a trade-off between these settings. A feedback and control loop between the encoder and the decoder can be used to select the optimal mutual setting. If the receiver finds that it is not in a limited power situation (for example, the power supplied by the line voltage), the decoder can increase its matrix rank number ^. This can be used for many purposes. A higher rank number can reduce the miscellaneous, which increases the signal to noise ratio and then reduces the error ratio. The reduced panning can be used to improve the overall reliability of the link by increasing the transmission data ratio and reducing the error correction coding. : The burden conversion of the matrix is filled in the receiver, and the load on the transmission source can also be reduced. 'It can be used when there is a control loop between the two: 2 mesh reverse, a device using a battery can try With a more robust supply of equipment, the number of negotiations to increase the number of ranks. ^ 43 1279099 By changing the clock settings, this most robust operation requires recalculation of each decoding matrix. However, usually the sum of the times exceeds one: the target is therefore measured only if the ratio is slightly faster than the sum of the time;: the number of events that reduce the decoding matrix acknowledgement, will be more thrifty power and processing + fees. p J. For %-type transmissions, if the source produces a field type, the receiver can fill the matrix with a receive option for 5 weeks to provide the appropriate number of matrix ranks. The receiver can establish a basis on the information about the transmission characteristics, including the information that the transmitter knows, and monitor the amount of the received stream and the decoded data in the matrix. The incoming code matrix must be recalculated frequently. In a wideband system, this subchannel often has its own time sum. Each subchannel can have its own matrix and corresponding measurement ratio. This excludes the recalculation of a very large decoding matrix at this fastest required ratio. In general, the sum of the measurements for the sub-decoding matrix will be smaller than the sum of the measurements for the large matrix. Burden 'to remove other loads. Test, or negotiate with the source. In this negotiation case, the resource limit of the source can also be quantified, so any one can be assumed to be a higher. For the matrix solving technique, the decoding matrices generally do not change from each other. Thus the previous value can be used as a seed to solve the iterative decision, which is less burdened by the processor than the decision from the restart. When the matrix is large enough to start, usually the iterative decoding will become faster, even when the solution S is determined from the -unknown case. This is a known way of solving large rank numbers and meta-matrices. 44 1279099 In general, all of the above can be combined based on available components, modified coding levels, applicable equipment, and other factors that affect trusted operations. All of the methods discussed above for establishing the hybrid matrix can be used as part of this implementation. Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a wavy field pattern to support effective area coverage. For this type of transmission, the basic concept is to use the coverage field of the partition at the infrastructure location. The actual number of used partitions varies with the required capabilities and associated cost factors. The actual implementation can range from #单为区 to an arbitrarily large number. The partition itself can be distinguished in azimuth or height, or in azimuth and height planes. The main benefit of using partitions is that, like each beamforming method, it mitigates the need for tracking devices at other endpoints of the 'link. Leaving the coverage area of one partition to another is therefore reduced to a typical handoff situation. The prior art makes it possible to generate a receiver of this field type, which is appropriately changed for the nickname separation processing of the blind signal separation. In contrast, the transmitter makes Lu = technology, so there is at least some part of the applicable blind signal separation decoder loop. In some implementations, this would mean that the receiver does not need to generate any wavy field patterns. In other implementations, it means that the number of wavy field patterns is significantly reduced. There is an embodiment for a transmission point. This embodiment satisfies the case where the other transmission source being operated in the area is unknown. Referring to the figure, the λ transmission % type of special line is known to the receiver and is a wave shape in the clock sequence. 45 1279099 The change in the transmission pattern is the timing coincident with the area of the transmission symbol. Instead of the movement of the crosshairs, the field contour can be changed and fixed in each time slot. The coverage area is therefore no longer significantly changed and does not create a forward-looking tracking issue in order to compete with it. Due to the changed transmission contour, the receiver will experience a change in the degree of wavefront power. The blind signal separation matrix will therefore be filled with different signal flow differences at different relative gain values. If the received dominant signal is all from one or more transmitters that use a wavy signal, the receiver only performs a grab during each field change and uses the resulting data to fill in the blind message. The number is separated from the matrix separated by the signal. If there is another mix that uses the wavy signal and the other transmitters are not used, the receiver can process it using typical signal separation techniques. For example, methods such as beamforming and most users can be used. However, this blind signal separation method is generally more robust. In a continuous manner, the receiver can implement field-type deformation to generate sufficient additional field patterns to increase the number of ranks of the blind signal separation matrix beyond the number of separated signals. For the blind signal separation decoder implementation, for example, if three contours with three signals are transmitted by the transmitter and two other signals are received, the receiver Jiang Xue It, The elbow is to produce at least two contours to separate the signals that interfere with each other. If the 兮 value w is ^ ^ P ^ If the "Hai transmission fast itself does not produce its own set of activities, it will already need less than r fine people _ person, one contour, so you can reduce the receiver $ j 46 1279099 If a transmitter transmits a signal stream along a signal path, the set of field contours does not need to be rotated or different. This is because the signal detected at the receiver' It has been changed for all other received signals. The transmitter can therefore use a simple power change for the overall field type without changing the shape of the contour. If there is only another data stream at the receiver When summing up, even if the amplitude of one of them is fixed, the blind signal separation can separate him. This is because the power chaos source provides the change required for its own operation. If more than one other data is received, it will be repaired. They appear as a single cluster interference for blind signal separation, unless the receiver itself uses other separation devices, it increases the wave shape generation of itself A field type transmitter in this receive mode will now be discussed. Since most field-type contour processing of blind signal separation is a good method for signal separation, the same is used to generate the transmission pattern. The technique can also be used to generate a majority of receiver values. When the transmission is already supported, the cost factor of the received signal is separated by two =, so only the blind signal is separated from the buried fee. Discussion User equipped receiver for the transmitter The feedback from the user is equipped with the feedback data from the receiver to improve the overall operation of the key. For example, 'the reception; can: determine which field contour The extent of the change, providing a useful resource or not is being fed back to the transmitter. The transmission is made to change the gold tie gentleman, Kuitian, "J ^ ^ two, use less power, or other Communication Hertz interference. These adjustments may be: which one and which of the sequences are used, the 1279099 chopper (LPF) and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Most of the spatially independent channels obtained by this technique can be processed in a variety of ways, including examples of overall integration, blind signal separation, or multiple input multiple output reception processing. Referring to Figure 25, the system principles will be described later. The preferred embodiment includes a single antenna array having components that switch to inductors and capacitors. This band limits both the frequency band present in the low noise amplifier and the overall radio frequency power through the filter. This low noise amplifier is not just a low noise amplifier for receiving signal signals. The mixer and local oscillator adjust the radio frequency signal to be one of an intermediate frequency or baseband digital converter (Dc). Either implementation is also available for backend processing. The antenna switching, selective local oscillator switching, and demultiplexing processor switching are driven by the same digital sequence generator, so the N/channels of the signal are generated by the N dispersion modes of the antenna. This produces a signal channel radio frequency output from the mixer and is present in the low pass filter and analog to digital converter. Although not shown in the illustration, the analog-to-digital converter is synchronized with the same digital sequence generator, selective local oscillator, and demultiplexing processor of the drive antenna mode. Considering a signal having a current carrying frequency Fe and a modulation bandwidth B, the demultiplexing processor acts as a pulse downsampling operation for the pulse shape. For an array with N components, the analog-to-digital converter must have a sampling frequency of at least 2*N*B. The need for N is because in the baseband processor, only one out of every N samples exists in a demodulator. The 2*B needs to meet the Naiku 51 1279099, a wireless broadband access technology (WiMAX), broadband code division multiple access _ time division multiplexing (WCDMA-TDD), single channel synchronous code division multiple access (TDScdm^, etc.) or time slot frequency division = (FDD) system (such as Global System for Mobile Communications/General Packetless Service (GSM/GPRS)), which does not receive and transmit signals at the same time, when When the transmission mode is considered independently, the receiving antenna can be regarded as multiplex. For a fully frequency division multiplexed system (such as code division multiple access 2000 (CDMA2000) or wideband code division multiple access_frequency division multiplexing (WCDMA-FDD)), the transmission function can be used to separate antennas. #方式完了. Any of these empty intermediaries can use any of the enabling demodulator techniques (integral combining, blind signal separation, multiple input and output). Another aspect of the present invention is directed to blind signal separation application to code division multiple access receiver processing. An antenna array having appropriate separation between antenna elements is adapted to be used in the decoding sequence. This review of the available literature is just as convincing as this technical expert. Other referenced document discussions are related to signal antenna interference cancellation (saic) techniques. Those using blind signal separation require that the modulation be already phase-and statistically independent in-phase and orthogonal channels to produce a matrix of rank number two. These decoders thus separate the single interference and the desired signal. If there are two interferences, the existing signal antenna interference cancellation technique cannot be implemented. They refer to a use, virtual, and second antenna. This prior art can be improved in accordance with the sum of signal independence obtained by prior art devices, as well as others that are not used in the literature. Narrow, in-phase and quadrature devices are actually located in certain radio access networks, and they may not be suitable for code division multiple access marshalling. All of the methods discussed above for establishing the 54 1279099 hybrid matrix can be used as part of this implementation. While these techniques increase the independent component analysis, the rank of the matrix can be used and the θ independent component analysis application can more readily achieve the desired signal, but it is not certain. So there is still a need for subtle techniques in order to choose the appropriate decoding sequence. For example, if the pair is being dealt with, it needs to be restored from the independent component analysis process. In a second embodiment, as described in Fig. 26, it uses a different = solution 歹 J, which is shown in Fig. 27, and the signal set at node a is a closed example. In order to clearly show only - signal interference, the same argument can be applied to most interferences as well as an increased number of matrix ranks. The level of noise is exceeded by a narrowband interference and the desired coded multiple access signal is below the level of noise. At node B in Fig. 28, the interference has been determined. And, select fast to confirm whether the captured signal is really interference. If the signal has the characteristics of the desired signal, it is not selected. If one or more interferences are selected, they exist in the "reverse" , , (node C). The independent component analyst takes a receive signal to reverse or not reverse, and needs to confirm for each signal whether it needs to be inverted to match the received signal. The interference with the correct amplitude symbol of °H is present in the adder negative input at node D. It is of course possible for a specialist in the field to identify the alternative, but not an equivalent implementation. For example, a pure adder can be used at this stage, and the inverter can be used only when the signal is not captured with the non-inverted waveform. A form of delay of the original received signal (Node A) is present at the other adder inputs. The delay value is the delay resulting from the analysis, selection, and, reversal, processing of the independent component by 55 1279099. Those skilled in the art may of course recognize this alternative, but not equal. For example, the delay and adder function block diagram can be replaced with a minimized block diagram that shifts and sums the two signals until a minimum is reached. At node D in Figure 29, the interference has been removed. At node E in Figure 3, the rake receiver has reduced the dispersion of the signal, which may be present in the baseband decoder. Further to this embodiment, i.e., the signals collected by the antenna structure can be obtained by selection for each of the previously discussed embodiments to enhance the current technique. - What should be discerned is the structure as shown in Figure 26, but a way of implementing the invention. Instead of having, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , This trade-off must be made with == delay, implementation cost, overall operational robustness, and certain settings: Only before the implementation of the consumable receiver, from the basic concept of the Ύίΐ, all the changes in the same invention are required. Although the complete removal of the interference has been implemented, it is not Jiang Yigu’s work. The brother β is not shown, it should be assumed that the 牦耙弋 decoding 1, interference ',, and any interference removal, while the ancient is = processing an improved signal set, generally used for improvement The performance of the prior art. Compared to the = ̄ f access ^ in its own right, it is a Gaussian type with its de-dispersed form, and it is more difficult to be bidirectional by the independent component 8 56 1279099. However: Some information related to the signal is wanted again~~ 'Because the signal still maintains some statistical significance. The gain is: the second 2:2 'will usually become more significant, and the overall processing can be =;:= decoder Alternatively, the overall decoding is enhanced by the wf incremental processing method, meaning that the force is divided by two = with or without 'and/or the number of removed signals can be θ σ or subtracted, and the decoding Signal measurement for improvement or deterioration = degree The physicality can be examined in more detail. The main S key of this embodiment is that the independent component analysis is made for almost the same signal, and it is not for the coded multiple access signal before the lossy processing, because This period is difficult to confirm and/or capture. Another aspect of the present invention is directed to the mixed minimum mean square difference beam separation weight, which is used for blind signal separation through the field type. Reference once again to us Patnet 6, 93 1,362 Most of the inductors are required to provide a linear independent summed signal. The '362 patent is incorporated herein by reference. The antenna array described above can be used in place of the plurality of inductors, however in the '362 patent. The disclosed post-processing is still applicable. Many modifications and other embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art, which have the teaching advantages of the prior description and related illustrations. It is understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and it is contemplated that the modifications and embodiments are included in the scope of the appended claims. 7 1279099 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a typical operational scheme according to the present invention, wherein the wanted devices receive desired and unwanted signals from respective signal sources. ^ 2 Figure at 丨A more detailed block diagram of the communication device shown in the figure. Figure 3 is a different method for generating a linear independent sum of the source signals for the mixing matrix in accordance with the present invention. Figure 4 is a configuration according to the present invention - An antenna array block diagram of a switched beam antenna. An antenna array configured as a phase array is configured as an antenna array of a dipole antenna element to describe the tri-polarization. FIG. 5 is a block diagram according to the present invention. Figure 6 is a block diagram in accordance with the present invention. Figure 7 is a three-dimensional illustration used in accordance with the present invention. Figure 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between ^ ^ ^ ^ and the related and non-correlated antenna arrays according to the present invention.

The block diagram of the communication device, the complex A 咕 咕 』 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Figure 9 is a block diagram of a communication device operated by Shishang Cangan & based on array offset according to the present invention, which provides different for the blinding of the eight private & 帛1 Ω SI & The sum of the signals. Figure 10 is a block diagram of a switched beam antenna with a one-degree controller according to the present invention, for selectively selecting the antenna pattern in the azimuth direction. degree. It is shown that it then rotates in the antenna pattern direction of the hit = one antenna field type in Fig. 9.南 撝 的 南 南 , , , , , , 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 type. The block diagram is used to map the communication device block in the height direction, which is based on the path selection operation: a blind signal separation process provides different signal sums. The U-picture is according to the present invention. The communication device block based on the decentralized coding operation provides an additional signal sum for the f signal separation process. According to the invention, the block diagram of the 逋Λ device based on the operation of the in-phase and quadrature signal components provides an additional sum of letters for the τ / / 马 分离 分离 separation process. Figure 16 is a detailed block diagram of the orthogonal module connected as shown in Figure 15. Figure 1 is a block diagram of a system according to the present invention. Figure 18 is a block diagram of an address according to the present invention. Figure 19 is a block diagram of a communication system in accordance with the present invention in which a transmission wheel test is based on a time slot. Change the power level used for each hierarchical spatial stream. ° = diagram is a block diagram of a communication system in accordance with the present invention in which waves are used to transfer to a plurality of transmitters of the same access point. Figure 21 is a block diagram of the receiver and power consumption according to the present invention (e.g., a receiver block diagram. Figure 22 is a block diagram of the receiver described in Figure 21, which integrates itself with the transmitter Operation, /' Multi-input and multi-input-Fourier transform communication system inter-symbol interference based on field-distributed operation

59

Claims (1)

1279099 A month 1 明 $)正慰' Qiao X, patent application scope: 1 · A communication device that separates the source signals provided by one signal source, the communication device includes: an antenna array including one antenna element And receiving at least one different sum of the one source signals, wherein Ν and Μ are greater than 1, the one antenna element comprises: to the antenna element, to receive the ν different sums of the one source signals, at least one of And at least two associated antenna elements for receiving at least two of ν different sums of the one source signals; the at least two associated antenna elements being uncorrelated with the at least one antenna element; The antenna array is configured to receive at least one different sum of the one source signals; and a blind signal separation processor coupled to the receiver to form an S matrix. The hybrid matrix includes the plurality of sources a different sum of the signals, the 忒 mixing matrix has a rank number, the rank number is at least equal to Ν, and the blind letter 5 is used to process the mixed matrix from the mixed matrix. The source of the signal you want. 2. According to the communication device of claim 1, wherein Ν=Μ. 3. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein the rank of the hybrid matrix is Κ' where Κ<Ν, and the blind signal separation processor is configured to separate the source signals from the hybrid matrix One. 4_ According to the communication device of claim 1, wherein Ν>Μ. 5. The communication device according to claim 1 of the patent application, wherein the at least two 62 1279099 months r repair (more) positive: the relevant antenna elements have different polarizations. 6. The communication device according to item 5 of the patent application, wherein the different polarization poles are orthogonal to each other. 7. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein the at least rain antenna element comprises three antenna elements which are related to each other and have different polarizations. Therefore, for three different sums of the one source signals, three biases are supported. 8. The communication device according to claim 7, wherein the at least two related antenna elements have different polarizations. 9. The communication device of claim 1, wherein the at least one antenna element also includes at least two associated antenna elements for receiving at least two different sums of the plurality of source k numbers. The communication device according to claim i, wherein the at least two associated antenna elements comprise at least two active antenna elements to form a phase array. 11. The communication device of claim 1, wherein the at least two associated antenna elements comprise at least one active antenna element and at least one passive antenna element to form a switched beam antenna. 12. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna array forms at least N antenna beams for receiving at least N different sums of the M source signals, each antenna beam having a maximum gain point or less A 3 decibel point that is used to provide signal rejection in at least one direction of the proximity signal. 13. According to the communication device of claim 1, wherein the antenna 63 1279099 ^ The array forms at least one antenna pattern for receiving at least one of a different sum of the M source signals, the at least one antenna pattern having no 3 dB points below a maximum gain point, resulting in an approach No signal is rejected in any direction of the signal. 14. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the one source signals is linear. 15. The communication device of claim 1, wherein the blind signal separation processor separates the desired source signal from the mixing matrix based on principal component analysis (PCA). 16. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein the blind signal separation processor separates the desired source signal from the mixing matrix based on an independent component analysis (ICA). 17. The communication device according to claim i, wherein the blind signal separation processor separates the desired source signal from the mixing matrix based on a signal value decomposition (SVD). Lu 18 - A method for operating a communication device to separate source signals provided by M signal sources, the communication device comprising an antenna array, a receiver coupled to the antenna array, and a receiver coupled to the receiver A blind signal processor, the method comprising: receiving at least N different sums of the M source signals at the antenna array, the N antenna elements comprising at least one antenna 70 for receiving the M source signals At least one of N different sums, and at least two associated antenna elements, for receiving N of the M source signals, at least two different sums of 64 1279099; The at least two correlation elements are uncorrelated with the at least one antenna element; providing at least n different sums of the one source signals to the receiver; and separating the processor by the blind signal, processing the ones received by the receiver The source " ί § at least a different sum, the process comprising forming a mixing matrix comprising at least one different sum of the one source signals, the mixing matrix having a rank number, the rank number being at least equal to Ν, and Separating the desired signal from the mixing matrix. 19. According to the method of claim 18, wherein. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least two associated antenna elements have different polarizations. 21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the different polarities are orthogonal to each other. The method of claim i, wherein the at least two antenna elements, including the three antenna elements, are related to each other and have different polarizations, so for three different sums of the one source signals, support three Extremely extreme. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the at least two associated antenna elements have different polarizations. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least one day line component also includes at least two antenna elements for receiving at least two different sums of the one source signals. 25. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least two phases 65 1279099 R (Yi)-Yan Yu Guan Tian, the line element comprises at least two active antenna elements in a shape. 26. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least two associated antenna elements comprise at least an active antenna element and at least a passive antenna element to form a switched beam antenna. 27. According to the method of claim 18, the antenna array is turned on to y 天线 antenna beams for receiving at least one different sum of the one source signals, and each antenna beam has a maximum from one A 3 decibel point below the gain point for signal entry in at least one direction of the proximity signal. The method of claim 18, wherein the antenna array forms at least one antenna field type for receiving at least one of a plurality of different sums of the one source signals, the at least one antenna field type having substantially no From a point of 3 decibels below the maximum increase point, no signal is rejected in any direction of the proximity signal. 29. The method of claim 18, wherein the sum of the μ source signals is linear. The method according to claim 18, wherein the blind signal separation processor separates the desired source signal from the mixing matrix based on principal component analysis (PCΑ). The method according to claim 18, wherein the blind signal separation processor extracts a desired source signal from the mixing matrix according to an independent component analysis (ICA). 32. The method of claim 18, wherein the blind signal separation processor separates the desired source signal from the mixing matrix based on the signal value decomposition (SVD). 67 1279099. i or Τ. ________________ Period reference time VV [fill [33⁄4 BPF symbol period 錾 time mmmmi ill! 24th LPF ADC multi-processor solution BBP L0 (optional) Figure 25 81 8179099, seven, designated representative map: (1) The representative representative figure of this case is: (2) Figure (2) The component symbol of this representative figure is simple: 30 34(1)~34(N) PCA ICA SVD communication device 1st to Nth antenna element principal component analysis module Independent Component Analysis Module Signal Numerical Decomposition Module 32 Antenna Array 36 Hybrid Matrix 38(1)~38(3) Separation Matrix 39 Separation Signal 40 Radio Transceiver 42 Processor 44 Principal Component Analysis Core Group 46 Independent Component Analysis Group 48 Signal Value Decomposition Module 49 Blind Signal Separation Processor 50 Signal Analysis Module 52 Application Related Processing Module 8. If there is a chemical formula in this case, please reveal the chemical formula that best shows the characteristics of the invention: 6