TWI269544B - Blind signal separation using array deflection - Google Patents

Abstract

A communications device for separating source signals provided by M signal sources includes an antenna array comprising N antenna elements for generating N initial antenna patterns for receiving N different summations of the M source signals, with N being less than M. The antenna array includes an elevation controller for selectively changing an elevation of at least one of the N initial antenna patterns for generating at least one additional antenna pattern so that at least one additional different summation of the M source signals is received thereby. A blind signal separation processor forms a mixing matrix comprising the N different summations of the M source signals, and the at least one additional different summation of the M source signals. The mixing matrix has a rank equal to N plus the number of additional different summations of the M source signals received using the additional antenna patterns. The blind signal separation processor separates desired source signals from the mixing matrix.

Description

1269544 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to the field of signal processing, and more particularly, to the use of blind signal separation (BSS) technology, from a source signal mixture, to separate the desired - Signal related. [Prior Art] The target separation (BSS) is related to the recovery of the source signal from a mixed signal, which includes the source signal mixture. Since the separation is usually performed with respect to the signal, the source of the signal, and limited information on the signal having a channel effect, the separation is blind. A well-known example is when someone in a group can separate a signal, cocktail, and phenomenon from a combination of sounds in the room. Blind signal separation is particularly applicable to cellular and personal wireless communication devices, many of which are due to the messyness of most wireless f-frequency transmissions that typically co-exist in the same spectrum. The common channel transmitter problem y has deteriorated over the years with the development of low-power, unlicensed wireless technologies such as Bluetooth and other personal area networks. The three blind signal separation techniques commonly used are principal component analysis (PCA), independent component analysis (ica), and signal numerical decomposition (svD). The principal component analysis involves the first and second momentum statistics of the source signal and is used dead when the signal to noise ratio of the source signal is high. In other respects, the independent component analysis uses the third and fourth order momentum statistics after the principal component analysis. As an alternative, the signal value decomposition can separate a source signal from the source signal mixture based on the eigenvalue, 7 9 1269544. Do not apply which-blind signal separation technique, which uses most sensors to receive different source signal mixes from different signal sources. Each sense is an output-source link, which is a unique sum of money from that source. - The receiver does not know the channel coefficient and the original source signal. The unique summation of the signal is based on the padding-mixing matrix and then the blind matrix separation technique of the hybrid matrix (#)# to separate the desired source signal from the source signal mixture. , for the -example 'US Patent Να 6,799,17〇 discloses the use of independent = knives, '攸 ― source signal mixing, separation - independent source signal = two, should 11 receive the source signal mixture, and - processor The source signals are mixed and sampled, and each of the samples is stored as a collection of lean materials. Each sensor output—a unique sum of the source signal mixed signals. - The octopus in the independent component analysis model separates an independent source signal. The source of the two sources is two, in each of the respective patents, Π. Also disclosed is the _ _ _ _. The application is equal to or greater than the number of (iv) sources, and ^^ people have the data set. The problem is that when the number of sources increases, 疋:Μ. This will increase at the same time. For a large number of sensors, the number of sensors is only a small available volume, and the portable type of the sensor also causes problems for the user. The outer side is fixed. 1269544 U.S. Patent No. 6,931,362 discloses another method of separating signals using blind signal separation. The disclosed blind signal separation technique utilizes a blended matrix beam to adapt the array weights to form a mixing matrix that minimizes the mean square error produced by both the interfering transmitter and the muse noise. The blending matrix maximizes the ratio of the signal to interference plus noise. When the application patent '170 is utilized, the sensors are also spatially separated from each other, and the number N of the sensors is equal to or greater than the number M of the sources in order to fill the mixing matrix. In addition, each sensor provides a signal input to the mixing matrix, resulting in a portable communication device requiring a larger volumetric area. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the foregoing background, the object of the present invention is to provide a communication device including a small antenna array for receiving a source signal mixture used by a blind k-separation technique, thereby The desired signal is separated from it. This and other objects, features, and advantages consistent with the present invention are provided by a communication device for separating source signals provided by M signal sources, the communication device including receiving the M source signals differently The sum of the antenna arrays. A receiver or receiver component is coupled to the antenna array and a blind signal separation processor is coupled to the receiver to form a mixing matrix. The mixing matrix includes different sums of the k sources received by the antenna array. The blind signal separation processor then separates the desired source signal from the hybrid matrix. Instead of the different sums of the M source signals provided for the mixing matrix, the spatial separation sensing utilized by the 1269544|§' can use a small antenna. For portable communication devices, blind signal separation techniques can still be used because the antenna array can provide more than one round to the mixing matrix while maintaining small size. In particular, for blind signal separation processing, array offsets can be used to provide different sums of 彳S唬. The array offset is related to the control antenna pattern in the azimuth and/or height directions. The advantage of array offset is that it can receive more money for the mix, without the need to increase the number of antenna elements in the antenna array. The antenna array may include a plurality of different sums of the one source signals, including one of the antenna elements for generating the initial antenna pattern, wherein Ν is less than Μ. The antenna array can include a height controller that selectively varies at least the height of the ν, initial antenna pattern to generate at least one additional antenna pattern to thereby receive at least the source of the source signal An extra different sum. A lure receiver can be coupled to the antenna array for receiving the different sums of the one source signals using the one initial antenna % type, and using the "Hai to; ̧ additional antenna patterns to receive the one At least one out-of-the-way sum of the source signals. a blind signal separation processor for forming a plurality of different sums including j source signals, and a mixing matrix of the μ source signals to an additional different sum, and separating the provincial matrix from the mixing matrix Source signal. The rank of the mixing matrix is equal to the number of additional different sums of the M source signals received on the additional antenna pattern on ν. 1 1269544 Gu Geng X 2 & System $ can selectively change the life of the previous initial antenna pattern = _, the extra sum of the source signals _ additional name, read / read (four) 'and the ship to turn the new now # At 2N. The device can also be distinguished from the N antenna elements, so that the 1 parent domain is in order to change the high initial value of the N initial antenna patterns == vertical control, so in order to receive the M source signals Different sums, resulting in an extra number of shells is now equal to 2kN. 1 external antenna ground, and the rank of the mixing matrix can be set to have phase (4) non-polarization, and can be irrelevant. In an embodiment, n antenna elements = phase _. The N_off antenna element may include; = the line array forms a type - the antenna element may also include at least one active antenna element, and to the passive antenna elements, such that the antenna array forms a switching wave In a H example, the antenna array includes a ground plane, and the N antenna elements include an active antenna element adjacent to the ground plane, and adjacent to the ground level _ complex passive antenna element elements may include - upper half The part corresponds to the corresponding lower half, and a === upper half is connected to the ground plane for changing; == azimuth. The height controller can include for each of the lower/each lower variable reaction load' to connect the lower half to the cough = plane. The N antenna fields __ are at least one of the lower variable loads and move in height. μ 1269544 In yet another embodiment, the antenna array includes a ground plane adjacent to the N antenna elements, and the height controller includes a controllable radio frequency (RF) conditioning device coupled to the ground plane. The n antenna beams are moved in height by controlling the radio frequency adjusting means. When receiving the different sums of the ]VI signals, the field type and the beam can be separated. In one case, the antenna array can form at least n antenna beams in order to receive at least N different sums of the M source signals, each antenna beam having a 3 dB point below a maximum gain point, In at least one direction of the proximity signal, the signal is rejected and prepared. In another case, the antenna array may form at least one antenna field type in order to receive one of the N different sums of the M source signals, the at least one antenna field type having substantially no 3 from a maximum gain point. The decibel point causes no signal to be rejected in any direction close to the signal. The sum of the money from each source is mixed. The blind signal separation processor can separate the desired source signal from the hybrid matrix based on at least a domain analysis (pcA), an independent component analysis (ica), and a numerical decomposition (SVD). Another point of view of this month is the application - in order to separate the source signals provided by the one signal source, and operate the method as defined above for the communication device. [Embodiment] This month will refer to the display of the present invention. The accompanying drawings of the preferred embodiment are followed by a description of TO I. However, this invention can be implemented in many different forms (S: 12 1269544, and should not be constructed here as a limitation of three as set forth in this embodiment. Of course, these provided embodiments will be thorough and complete, and may be 70 The same numbers are referred to by the same elements, while the same reference numerals are used to designate similar elements in alternative embodiments. In an overnight network, there are sources for a particular communication device. The letter ^ and ^ in the same frequency band, there are 唬 for the other communication devices. At the same time, there is also the use of communication, and the number is not used by the communication, but it is also the same by the communication device Received. For decoding of signals of interest, it uses a blind signal to divide n-: the signal received by the communication device. As indicated above, the term, blindly, "this is up to ^j" Signal and #, s bribery (four), the money does not need to be between the essence of the knowledge channel 'because of the signal conversion caused by the interaction can be ^ can be separated. In actual implementation, then the time The use of '(four) knowledge. In this case, the money is divided into semi-blind (pS) S separation, three kinds of constant (four) technology as the main component analysis as long as the letter = vertical component analysis (ICA) and signal numerical decomposition ( SVD) and each line ^ Some I-conductivity is independent, and if its signal is always used to separate one or more of these objects from a target, it can be numbered. In the signal mixing, the separation of the independent or desired source signal is usually the first, second, third or second of the signal, using the first and second motion differences, and the base 8 raw | face to the data set. If the source signal signal 13 1369544 signal ratio is too high, you can stop the signal separation process using principal component analysis. If the signal noise ratio of the source signal is too low, then you can Based on the statistical characteristics related to the third and fourth movements of the 兮 source signal, the independent source analysis is used to separate the source 5 tiger. Because the source ^3 tiger is the face distribution, the second life of the second life is the first and the first Second motion difference. As independent component analysis and principal component analysis Alternatively, the signal value decomposition is based on the signal characteristic value, separating the source signal from the source signal mixture. Figure 1 depicts a typical scheme in which a complex signal source 2 〇 transmission source signal 22. The source signal 22 is based on The transmission is in the direction of the antenna beam 24 generated by each respective signal source 20. The complex signal source 20 includes a first signal source 20(1) to a μth signal source 20(Μ). Similarly, the respective The source signal is also referred to as 22 (丨) to 22 (Μ), and its corresponding antenna beam is referred to as 24 (1) to 24 (Μ). In the communication network, the general directional antenna field pattern or directivity is often utilized. The antenna pattern is further implemented. An antenna array 32 receives a linear combination (mixing) of the source signal 22 from the signal source 2 for the communication device 30. The antenna array 32 includes a plurality of antenna elements 34' and each antenna element provides at least one linear combination (mixing) of the source signal 22 from the signal source 20. The antenna element 34 includes a first antenna element 34(1) to a second antenna element 34 (Ν). The received source signals 22(1) through 22(Μ) are initially formed in a hybrid matrix 36. The communication device 30 uses a blind signal separation technique to determine if a separation matrix 38 located at the separated source signal is in the mixing matrix. The separated signal is represented by the numeral 39. 1269544 ‘,;’ does not need knowledge of its characteristics, and jointly obtains the source of the received 1 person~m A early illusion 32 ^ mouth hu. The transmission of the mother antenna element 34 utilizes the channel impulse response 胼#M recognizes that the J® community is in the heart of the field, and the age is between the source of the signal source 20: the transmission path between the output of the antenna and the output of the antenna plus an additional Gaussian After the chowder, it is used as a model of the source signal 22.

Referring now to Figure 2, a communication device 3 for separating the source signals provided by the sources 20(1) through 2_ will be discussed in detail. An antenna = column 34 contains N antenna elements % (1) through 34 (n) to receive at least a different sum of the μ source signals 'where greater than 丨. The antenna array 32 is not limited to any particular configuration. The antenna column may contain or antenna elements 34. The antenna element 34 can be configured with the antenna array to form a form such as a phase array or a switched beam array, which will be discussed later. The radio transceiver 4A is connected downstream of the antenna array 32 to receive at least N different sums of the source signals 22. A processor 42 is coupled downstream of the radio receiver 40. Although the processor appears to be separated from the radio transceiver 4 in the description, the processor 42 can also be included in the side radio transceiver 40. The different sums of the M sources 4 § 22 received by the radio transceiver 4 are used to fill in the mixing matrix %. The mixing matrix 36 is then processed by one or more of the k-separation processing modules 44, 46, and 48 among the processors 42. The edge a k separation processing module includes a principal component analysis module 44, an independent component analysis module 46, and a signal value decomposition module 48. These modules 15 1269544 44, 46 and 48 can be configured as a defective portion of a blind signal splitter. The principal component analysis module 44 operates according to different first and second motion differences of the received source signals, and the independent component analysis module 46 operates according to the second and fourth motion differences of the same signal. The signal value decomposition module 48 performs signal separation based on the eigenvalues of the different sums of the received sources. The correlation process is initially implemented by the principal component analysis module 44 to identify an initial separation matrix 38 (丨) for the different sums of the source signals, and the independent component analysis module 46 then determines to use in the mixing matrix. The source signal is separated by a strengthened separation matrix 38(2). If the signal is separated by the signal value decomposition module 48, a separation matrix 38(3) for different summation of the received source signals is also determined from the mixing matrix 36. The separated signals from each of the respective separation matrices 38(1) through 38(3) are indicated by reference numeral 39. The split signal 39 is then subjected to signal analysis using a signal analysis module 50 to determine the signals of interest as well as the interference signals. An application related processing module 52 processes the signals output from the signal analysis module 5A. The decision as to which signals are of interest is not always related to the final signal being decoded. For example, the application can call when it is subtracted from the different sums of the received source signals in order to confirm the interference, and then feed back the reduced signal to a waveform decoder. In this case, the signal of interest is eventually terminated because it is rejected. The information fed back to the principal component analysis module 44 is a unique sum of signals Xj. It assumes that n linear mixtures of M independent components are observed X!, · · · ΧΝ are: 16 1269544 χι(0=^ιΛ(0+Λ α^(〇+Λ amsM{t) Μ ^W=^iW +A ajksk{t)^K ajMsM{t) Μ ^(i)=%i*yi(〇+A aNksk(t)^A aNMsM{t) Generally, the radio transceiver 4〇 knows the channel coefficient ajk With the original signal Sk. In the matrix labeling of the above equation group, it can be abbreviated as x=As, where A is a mixing matrix. This statistical mode x^As is also known as an independent component analysis mode. The anti-matrix traditional B technique used to try to find the channel is: s = AUx. The independent component analysis module 46 determines a separation matrix W, and y = W(As) = Wx. The vector y is a subset of s whose size is unknown under scale changes. If all the signals cannot be separated, the more general formula is written as y=W(As)+Wn=Wx+Wn 'The n-th order added is the residual noise caused by the unrecognized source. . The independent component analysis mode is a reproductive mode, which means that it describes whether the observation data is generated by the processing of mixing the component Sk. This independent component is a potential variable, meaning that it cannot be directly observed. Similarly, the mixing matrix A is also assumed to be unknown. What can be observed is the random vector χ, and A and s are estimated according to X. The starting point of independent component analysis is to assume that the component Sk is statistically independent. Furthermore, it is assumed that at most one of the independent components Sk has a Gaussian distribution. The fact that there is only one signal with a Gaussian distribution is due to the fact that the second motion difference of the Gaussian 5 tiger is zero, and the fourth motion difference is not recognizable in the Gaussian signal. Θ ^ & 17 1269544 For simplicity, the unknown mixing matrix A is assumed to be squared. Therefore, the number of independent components is equal to the number of observations mixed. In addition, this assumption can be relaxed over time. The separation matrix w can be determined as long as the signal sk is statistically independent in some of the measurable characteristics. The rank number of the mixing matrix A determines how many signals can actually be separated. For example, a mixed matrix with a rank of 4 means that four source signals can be separated. Ideally, the rank of the mixing matrix A should be at least equal to the number of sources of § 仏 仏. The larger the rank, the more signals can be separated. As the number of violent sources increases, the number of antenna elements required ν also increases. In the patent applications discussed in this background, 17A and 362, it is disclosed that the number of antenna elements should be equal to or greater than the number of signal sources μ, in other words, Μ2Μ' otherwise must be performed using a technique different from blind signal separation. Signal separation. One industry standard for generating a linear independent sum of signals is to use one of the uncorrelated sensors, in other words, the inductors are separated from each other at least in terms of wavelength. This wavelength is based on the operating frequency of the communication device 3〇. The ^^ individual sensors are not related in space, but are related to the polarization and the angle. The sensors that are not related to each other provide a sum of linear independent signals, and each sensor provides one of the signal orders in the mixing matrix. Referring to Figure 3, an initial description of the different ways of explanation or summary of the linear independent sum of the source signals produced for the mixing matrix A will be obtained. After a brief introduction, each method will be discussed in detail. The first part of the illustration presents the antenna configuration. The block diagram 1 〇〇 shows the irrelevant sense, where each sensor provides a signal input to the mixed 1269544 matrices A. Block diagram 102 represents an associated antenna array in which the array provides a majority of inputs to fill the mixing matrix A. Block diagrams 1-4 also show an antenna array in which a portion of the antenna elements are related and the antenna elements have different polarizations for filling the mixing matrix A. The different combinations of the inductor and the antenna array proposed by the block diagrams 100, 102 and 104 can also be integrated in the block diagram 1-6 to further fill the hybrid matrix in the block diagram 116. The second part of Vision _ _ proposes the enhancement of the antenna configuration provided in this section. The enhancement is generated by adding or replacing the sum of the collected source signals and further filling the mixing matrix A. The block diagrams 〇8 are related to the array order in which the height of the antenna pattern is changed to receive an additional sum of the source signals. Any combination in block diagrams 1-6 can also be used in the array offset block diagram 108. In Block® 110, the path selection is implemented, so the sum of the source signals used to fill the mixing matrix A is correlated (first and second motion difference) and/or statistics (third and third) Four motions) Independent. In other words, the companion signal is selected to receive a new sum of the source signals to replace unrelated and/or statistically independent sums. The block diagram 11〇 can also be fed back by any-in combination of 106 and 108 in the block diagram. Block diagrams 〇8 and ιι〇 can also be fed directly to the hybrid matrix block diagram 116. The third part of the diagram proposes signal splitting for step-by-step filling of the mixing matrix in the block diagram 116. For example, block diagram 112 uses scatter coding to split different sum signals. If the sum signal has k scatter codes, then the particular sum signal can be processed to provide a ~~ number associated with 1269544. The 5H dispersion code can be applied in combination with the output of the block diagrams, 6, and 110. The block diagram 114 splits the different sum signals into in-phase ji) and positive-parent (Q) components to further fill the mixed matrix. The in-phase and positive-parent components therefore have a 2 for the missing matrix. Multiplication effect, and can be combined with the output of the block 1,6, and ΐ2.

The final miscellaneous of the illustration is the formation of a mixing matrix A in a block _116. As described in the context, the mixing matrix a can be filled with different sums of the source signals in accordance with any of the block diagrams described above. An advantage of this antenna array configuration in n 弟 卩 卩 is that a small antenna array can be formed to fill the hybrid matrix A. An advantage of the antenna array arrangement in the second and third portions is that the N antenna elements 'where N is less than the number of source signals Μ can be filled with the M or more sums of the source signals. in. In the antenna configuration perspective discussed in this illustrative diagram, an antenna array comprising reckless associated antenna elements will be discussed for receiving at least one different sum of the one source signals, where ^^ and "greater than 丨. In one embodiment, the antenna array is a switched beam antenna 140 as described in FIG. 4. The switched beam antenna array 140 produces a plurality of antenna patterns, including a directional antenna pattern and a directional antenna pattern. The switched beam antenna 14A includes an active antenna element 142 and a pair of passive antenna elements 144. The actual number of active and passive antenna elements 142, 144 can be varied depending on the intended application. Reference US Patent Application No. 1 A detailed discussion of the switched beam antenna array is available at 126, 752. This patent application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, the entire entire disclosure of the entire disclosure of each of the entire disclosures of the present disclosure. Both include an upper half 144a and a lower half 144b. The upper half H4a of the passive antenna element 144 is connected to the connection through the reaction load 148. Plane 146. The reaction load 148 is a variable reactance that can change its capacitance and inductance by using a varactor, transmission line or switch. By varying the reaction load 148, the radiation pattern can be changed. Passive antenna elements 144, thus forming four different antenna patterns. The three antenna patterns can be used to receive a unique sum of signals Xj. The fourth antenna pattern is a linear combination of the other three, so It is not used for the items in the mixing matrix A. Therefore, with the three antenna elements used, a unique sum of three signals can be input into the mixing matrix A. The switching beam antenna Advantageously, a mixing matrix having a rank number of 3 can be supported by using 3 elements 142 and 144. In another embodiment, the antenna array includes N associated active antenna elements, thus as described in FIG. The antenna array forms a phase array 160. The phase array 160 includes a plurality of active antenna elements 162 and a plurality of weight control components 164 coupled to the active antenna elements. The weight control component 164 adjusts the amplitude and/or phase of the received signal to form a composite beam. A splitter/combiner 166 and a controller 168 are coupled to the weight control component 164. Reference US Patent Application No. 6,473,036 A detailed discussion of the switched beam antenna array is available at 21 1269544. This patent application is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, the entire entire disclosure of the entire disclosure of the present disclosure is incorporated herein by reference. A mixing matrix A having the same rank number. Even if the number of the source M is the number N of active elements, that is, m = n, the active array 10 (M is a small material because the active element 162 is at m and bias On the side of the towel, the method is more than the length of the antenna. In a further embodiment, the rank of the mixing matrix may be κ, where Κ < Ν, so the blind signal separation processor 49 separates κ of the one source signals from the mixing matrix. As will be discussed further later, ν can also be greater than Μ. In both the switched beam antenna 140 and the phase array 160, the distance between its respective antenna elements 142, 144 and 162 is set to a suitable front-to-back ratio. This is because the traditional use of these antenna arrays is used to reject unwanted signals (in other words, rear proximity) and to enhance the desired signal (in other words, strong proximity). In any case, for the purpose of establishing a hybrid matrix, the goal is to establish different sums of signals. In this application, the signal of interest may actually be less than the interference and still be separable, because for this purpose, the distance between the antenna elements does not need to be a specific separation. The antenna elements can be further close to each other, producing a field pattern in a conventional, poor, front-to-back ratio and still well suited for use in a hybrid matrix. In fact, 22 1269544 such a field type will be more common in blind source separation. The reason is to use a good front-to-back ratio, which needs to follow the _ signal direction, (4) to the front of the wanted signal, and/or to the rear of the interference. By using a field pattern that has a difference in different directions but still has a gain of _, the signal tracking is not required. The antenna beam can be derogated to have a 3 decibel point below a maximum gain point, thereby providing signal rejection in at least the direction of the signal. Similarly, the antenna can be defined as having 3 knives U ′ below the “maximum gain point” and it does not cause signal rejection in any direction where 彳§ is close. In many accounts, the difference in specific distance between components can greatly reduce the size of the overall antenna array. In other applications, it is actually possible to increase the distance between components to alleviate the problem of tracking, but to obtain some degree of irrelevance of additional signals. In another embodiment, as depicted in Figure 6, the antenna array 18A includes one antenna element to receive at least one different sum of the one source signals. At least two i82a, 182b of the one antenna element are associated with each other and have different polarizations to receive at least two of the N different sums of the one source signals, wherein Ν and Μ are greater than one. The other antenna elements 184a, 184b in the array 180 may or may not be related to the antenna elements 182, 182b. Although the other pair described is a polarized antenna element 184a, 184b, these elements may be replaced with the same bias. Furthermore, these elements can also be unrelated to each other. The different bias poles for the antenna elements 182, 182b may be orthogonal to each other. in

(S 23 1269544 In another embodiment, the antenna elements 182a, 182b comprise a third element 182c' such that the three polarizations are used to support receiving three different sums of the μ signals. Subsequent discussion supports the polarization. Used to fill the hybrid matrix 。. The three different polarized antenna elements 182a, 182b, 182c receive three linear and independent signal sums. The definitions and relationships of the x, y and z axes will be 7 is described and used. For example, it has the following relationship: x = S cos(^)sin(^) ^ y = S sin((9)sin(^) zS cos(^) The simplified assumption is that The signal has a linear polarization, the signal is linearly independent, and has one of three linear antenna elements on each orthogonal axis. For example, antenna element 182a is on the x-axis and antenna element i82b is on the y-axis. The antenna element 182c is located on the z-axis. By positioning the three linear antenna elements 182a, 182b, 182c on an orthogonal axis, the mathematical expression can be simplified. In a practical development, the antenna elements φ 182a, 182b, 182c are Do not need to be strictly orthogonal, or must meet at a common point. This assumption The removal will not violate the general conclusion, but will occur in the case where the rank is insufficient. The following definition will be adopted, in which the numerical subscript is associated with 丨, 2, 3 references...: the signal incident on the antenna element; The X, Υ plane electric field (Ε) angle of the signal; the Ζ-axis electric field angle of the 吕·吕·; and the inner product of the sum of the 1^0, ^ • incident " ί § and an antenna element. 24 1269544 Therefore, the vector component is: X y Z 'X' Element: 1 0 0 'y' Element: 0 1 0 'z' Element: 0 0 1 Si Coefficient: cos^sin(4) sin(4)sin(4) cos(4) S2 Coefficient: cos((92) Sin($2) sin(^2)sin(^2) cosfe) S3 coefficient: cos((93)sin(m) sin03)sin(m) cos(6) Take inner product for each antenna element and signal, (X·Y^ xiXs+yi^^+Azd determines the sum of the relative electric field components in the element. These values are used to establish the mixing matrix: X- cos(0)sin (4) sin (4) sin(4) cos (4) = cos(^2)sin(^2 ) sin(^2)sin(^2) cos(^2) person cos(03)sin(^3) sin(^3 )sin(^3) cos(^3) A — where: det cos(^ ) Sin(^ )sin(^2 )sin(^2 )cos(^3)+ cos(^2 )si n(^2 )sin(^3 )sin(^3 )cos(^ )+ cos(^3 )sin(^3 )sin(^ )sin(^ )cos(^2) -005(^)3111( ^2) 8111(^2)008(^3)8111(^3)-008(^2)8111(^3)8111(^3)008(^)8^(^)-008(^3)8111 (^)8111(^)008(^2)8111(^2) =cos((1) sin(4 )sin(for)sin(m)cos(03)+ cos((6) sin(03)cos(for)sin (y) sin(m)+sin(0)cos(03)sin(for)cos("2)sin(more 3) -5111(^2)008(^3)008(^)8111(^2) 8111(03)-008(^)8111(^3)8111(^)008(^2)8111(^3)-8111(^)005(02)8111(^)8111(^2)008(^3 ) =cos(0 )sin(02 )sin(A )sin(#2 )cos(03)- sin(0 )cos(02 )sin(A )sin(#2 )cos(03) + cos(02) Sin(03)cos(A)sin(02)sin(03)-sin(02)cos(03)cos(A)sin(02)sin(03) + 8111((9,)005((93)8111 (^)008(^2)8111(^3)-008(^,)8111(^3)8111(^)008(^2)8111(^3) =sin(^,)sin(^2)cos (^3)[cos(<91)sin((92)-sin(^1)cos(i92)] + cos(^,)sin(^2)sin(^3)[cos(^2)sin (^3)- sin(^2)cos(^3)] + sin(^, )cos(^2 )sin(^3 )[sin(^, )cos(^3)- cos(^ )sin( ^3)] =sin (private) sin (02) cos (color) sin (02 -0) + cos (for) sin(02)sin (color) sin(θ3 - θ2) + 8111(0,)008( ^2) 8111(^3)8^(^-^3) The case where the rank is insufficient will now be discussed. When the determinant value is equal to 0, the case where the mixed matrix rank is insufficient will occur. This occurs in 1269544 in the following cases: The signals receive the same contribution. 1) ι ι-θ 2^0 3 The element 'X, and y, will be from all three 2) φ I φ 2 φ 3 〇 ο Ο Ο ο 90° 〇 90° 〇 90° Ο 〇

90° 90° 90° Any combination of the additions (10 degrees) of this table will result in a lack of rank for the pot. This occurs when the difficulty number is not independently added by the sufficient combination of the antenna elements. 3) Each 1 or 2 all alone is equal to 〇, but: sin (for) sin (m) cos (color) sin(02 — q ) + cosfe )sin(^2 )sin(^3 )sin(^ 3 ~ 〇2) + sinM )cos(m) sin(m) sin^ — 6/J = 〇 This implies that there is a small solid separation angle between the signals at nearly equal polar signals. Alignment but close from the opposite side of the array, or some other very occasional signal incidence, causes the same energy level to both elements. 0 As discussed above, the first part of the illustration presents the antenna configuration. The antenna configuration discussed above, including unrelated sensors, can be assembled in a variety of combinations to provide different sums of the one source signals into the mixing matrix. Referring now to the δ diagram, a communication device 2〇〇 will be discussed which is used to separate the source signals provided by one of the signal sources 26 1269544. The antenna array 202 includes a plurality of antenna elements for receiving at least ν different sums of the μ source signals, wherein Ν and Μ are greater than one. The one antenna element includes at least one antenna element 204 for receiving at least one of the different sums of the one source signals, and at least two associated antenna elements 206 for receiving the one source signal differently At least two of the sum. The two associated antenna elements 206 are not associated with the antenna element 204. The antenna array can comprise a plurality of additional antenna elements in a combined manner 'where the element is correlated, uncorrelated or polarized. Receiver 210 is coupled to the antenna array 202 for receiving at least one different sum of the μ source signals. A blind signal separation processor is coupled to the receiver for forming a mixing matrix 214 comprising at least a different sum of the one source signals. The mixing matrix has a rank number equal to at least Ν, and the blind signal separation processor 212 separates the desired source signal 216 from the mixing matrix a. . Hai. The first part of the figure suggests that this first part provides an enhancement to the antenna configuration. The enhancement is produced by adding or replacing the sum of the collected source signals and further filling the mixing matrix A. One enhancement is related to the array offset used by the hybrid matrix A to add additional signal elements without adding additional antenna elements. The array offset is then discussed with reference to Figure 9 in the Green Shade and Domain Heights. The communication device, which is Hi-biased, separates the source money provided by the M signal sources. The antenna array 242 includes N antenna elements 244 for receiving the m source signals

(N 27 different sums of D 27 1269544, resulting in a fixed initial antenna pattern. The antenna array 2 曰 42 also includes a height controller, selectively changing the N in order to generate at least one additional antenna pattern At least one of the initial antenna patterns, so that at least the different sums of the sources are received. - Receiver 248 is connected to the antenna _ 242 and uses the N initial antenna patterns. N (four) money N not _, also use "Hai to J - an additional antenna field type, receiving at least one additional different sum of the M source signals." "Blind signal separation processor 250 is connected to the reception The 248 is configured to form a -mixing matrix 252 'which includes N different sums of the M source signals and at least one side-to-side different sum of the one source money. The rank of the hybrid matrix is equal to Ν plus The additional antenna pattern receives an additional number of different sums of the one source signals. The processor 25 分离 separates the desired signal 254 from the mixing matrix. In general, any antenna array device capable of providing signal summation Suitable for Used to increase the number of mixed matrix ranks that can be used with a -biasing mechanism. This offset will result in two different and mixed matrix usable signals for each antenna array device. Therefore, using this technique , there will be an effect of 2 times the product. If the antenna offset is divided into two different areas related to the antenna, each of the 'area' can be prepared for two independent offset areas and filled in to In the case of the edge mixing matrix, in the case of I, if the antenna itself can provide a sum, and there are Kjg] different offset regions, the sum of the signals in the mixing matrix will be. 28 1269544 For the purpose of description, The reference in Fig. 10 will show the modification of the switched beam antenna 100 in Fig. 4, so that the antenna pattern can be upwardly or downwardly deflected in height. In particular, the upper half of each passive antenna element 104, 104a, 疋 is connected to the ground plane 106 via a reactive load 108'. The lower half 104b of each passive antenna element 104 is also coupled to the ground plane 106f via a reactive load 118. The reactance on the passive antenna element 1〇4' has the effect of lengthening or shortening the passive antenna element. The inductive load will extend the power length of the passive antenna 7L member 104f, while the capacitive load shortens it. The reaction load of the upper half 1〇4, 1〇8, is proportional to the reaction load 118 of the lower half 104b, rising upward or downward in the height direction. By adjusting the ratio As described in Figure u, the antenna pattern will be able to point up to 97 or down to 99. When adjusting the same angle of an antenna pattern to receive a mixed signal, there is at least one additional rank. The number is added to the mixing matrix A. Using the array offset, more money can be received for the mixing matrix A without increasing the number N of antenna elements. This particular implementation has two different offset regions from the self-controlled lion. The array's field generation capability is three independent fields, so the total number of signals that can be used to create the hybrid matrix is 12 (2*2*3). Reference is made to the content indicated in the above-mentioned document U.S. Patent Application No. 10/065,752, which discloses in detail how to adjust the antenna beam in height. The array offset technique can also be used in all of the antenna array embodiments discussed above, or any other antenna array that is sensitive to ground plane interaction. Positive 29 1269544 Another embodiment of the temperature controller, as depicted in Figure 12, is a controllable radio frequency (RF) conditioning device 270 in combination with a ground plane 272 of the antenna element 274. The antenna field type associated with the wireless component is controlled by the radio frequency adjustment means 270, which is readily accommodating by the experts in the field. Referring now to Figure 13, a communication device 3 is discussed which separates the source signals provided by one of the signal sources based on the path k selection. This is another enhancement of the antenna configuration provided in the first part of the illustration, which is identical to the array offset enhancement above. The communication device 300 includes a line array 302 that includes a plurality of elements 304 that form at least one antenna beam for receiving at least one different sum of the one source signals, wherein Ν and Μ are greater than two. A controller 306 is coupled to the antenna array for selectively forming the at least one antenna beam. And a receiver component tearing interconnects the antenna array 302' for receiving at least ν different sums of the one source signals. A blind signal separation processor 310 is coupled to the receiver component 308 for forming a mixing matrix 312 comprising at least one different sum of the source money. The blind signal separation processor also determines the difference of the source signals. & spears are not related or statistically independent, and if not, then operate with the controller 3〇6 to form a different beam for receiving a new different sum of the one source signals to replace the hybrid matrix In 312, there is no correlation or statistically independent summation of the source signals. The desired source signal 314 is then separated from the mixing matrix 312. The 1269544 牦-type receiver is a radio receiver designed to withstand the effects of multipath fading. In order to freshen to their respective multipath components, a number of independent receivers that are slightly delayed from each other are used to accomplish this task. It can also take advantage of most forms of radio access networks. It is already known to be particularly advantageous for modulated, scatter-coded forms. It has the ability to select a particular incident signal path to make it suitable as a means of changing the path to the blind signal separation processor. As mentioned above, the N antenna beam can also be used in all radio access networks, which is also well known to those skilled in the art. For a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, the receive beta component period includes N 牦 |巴式 receiver trains. Each of the rake receivers 316 includes k fingers to select different multipath components in order to receive each of the different sums of the sources from the respective antenna elements connected thereto. In this configuration, the blind signal separation processing 310 is connected to the fixed receiver to form the node mixing matrix 3i2. The mixing matrix 312 includes at least kN different multipath components of the source signal at least = a different sum, and has a playboy f equal to the coffee. In particular, when a coded multiple access waveform is passed, it typically faces most path selections from source to destination. The 丄 receiver 316 is specifically designed to capture the majority of these π ports. When the original signal is adjusted along the path of each path, the characteristics of the path are adjusted. In some cases, 接收 receive the phase mouse of the W/or the statistic (4) touch, and the big money will be ^ 1269544 as the detachable signal stream. An adjustment rake receiver 316 can also be used to capture each of the adjustment signal streams and treat them as unique terms, filling the mixing matrix 312. However, this method of increasing the rank number is not always available, and should be available in a highly multipath environment when it is needed. When the one-shot receiver 316 can utilize the different paths, as discussed with reference to Figure 13, the beamforming approach is a more general solution for any modulation technique. This is different from the rake receiver 316, 10 because beamforming is used for the desired signal strength and the desired signal is rejected. However, the difference is that the reject signal is another form of the expected signal for the receiver. In any event, the receiver component 〇8 must detect these majority unique transfer paths of the same signal to establish the hybrid matrix 312 to have a sufficient rank number. The third part of the diagram proposes signal splitting for further filling in the mixing matrix A. In one method, the sum signal is split using scatter coding. In another method, the sum signal is split using the same phase (1) and quadrature (Q) modules. Reference will now be made to Figure 14, which discusses signal splitting using scatter coding. The described communication device 400 includes an antenna array 〇2 that includes N antenna elements 404 to receive at least N different sums of the one source signals. A code despreader 406 is coupled to the N antenna elements 404 for decoding at least n different sums of the VI source signals. Each of the N different sums contains k codes to provide k different sums of the source signals associated therewith. 32 1269544 A receive component 408 is coupled to the code despreader 4〇6 for receiving at least kN different sums of the β source signals. A blind signal separation processor 410 is coupled to the receiver component 4A for forming a mixing matrix 412 comprising at least kN different sums of the one source signals. The rank of the mixing matrix 412 is equal to kN. The blind signal separation processor 41 分离 separates the desired source signal 414 from the mixing matrix 412.

The signal separation described above can also be used to increase the rank of the mixing matrix 412 without increasing the number N of antenna elements, depending on the modulation of the received signal. Code division multiple access Ι8·95, code division multiple access 2〇〇〇, and wideband code code multiple access (WCDMA) are examples of distributed spectrum communication systems using scatter coding. A common thread is to process a unique code for each signal to spread the data into a larger frequency band. This same scatter code is processed using the sum of the received signals (desired signals, unwanted money, and unknown source). This ^, the desired signal is reconstructed into its original bandwidth, but the government is deployed in a wider frequency band. The sub-code multiple access (4), the actual stream. Each signal stream uses a code for == positive parent. If this happens at the decoder, the number is de-spread. If the kN of the sum; :ρ is used for the solution, the sum of the last received signal &, the amplitude term of the main Sk and the unchanging or lower value of the item are usually in the private access money There is a phase _, so the 33 ^ 69544 兮 = number is more or less reconstructed along the pure (four). This is usually caused by the delay experienced by the signal, and the number of multiple paths H encountered by the signal ± some unwanted signals, especially the value of the coded multiple access signal is still two = ° the increase for the desired Jian is not obvious, social,,,; w plus the overall noise value, and thus reduce the signal noise ratio. The form of the letter of inferiority " signal material, to 贱 (four) itself, for blindness; second, will meet the standard. In fact, if the solution is decentralized, the application of each of the known credits received by the communication device 400 will cause the respective sums to satisfy the independent component analysis mode. Therefore, there are many like known codes. For the mixed matrix = the available column (_) term, of course, assuming that each produces a linearly unique effective value. Where appropriate, this limb adds the mixing matrix ^ to a value greater than the number of codes. For example, one antenna element and one code can provide one matrix column.

For the purpose of Π田, it is assumed that 3 codes are known, and the 3 known codes keep their records. In the shortcode solution (4), the viewing matrix A has a top 3 cis-bottom 3 N, each of which comes from the antenna signal obtained after each healthy stream is de-dispersed by three known codes. flow. The 〇 value outside the diagonal is due to the orthogonality of the code. The line (five) umn) items 4, 5, and 6 are general conditions for the same indicator unknown signal. 1269544 V 0 0 α14 αΧ5 αιβ' ^2 0 “22 0 α24 α25 α26 *^2 x3 0 0 α35 η r= α33 ^34 α36 χ4 ^41 0 0 α45 ^46 x5 0 _ 0 α52 0 屮4 α56 *^ 5 0 α63 /7 η α64 α65 U66^ Λ_ Corresponds to the signal of line 4, 5, 6 can be known as (4) (4) other way (four) type or unknown other postal money. Same as _, one mark It can be Gaussian County's (four) his signal sighs the central limit theory of the mega-access signal cluster, so they appear as a single Gaussian signal 'that is, release 4 _ way. In other words, a sufficient number The non-random signal of = will mean a Gaussian signal. The interference may be a non-Gaussian signal source 'or at most the Gaussian number unknown to the network. After the code de-disperser 406 de-scatters the known code^ The static number separation processor 410 receives the mixing matrix 412 having a rank number of 6. The rank number of 6 is derived from the way that the two antennas are matched by 3, because there are three known codes. Was separated by the blind money processor (four), in which the shape 6 412 signal separation processing The device 41 recognizes that the sub-array W only comes from the received signal of __^. In the example of the description, six apostrophes can be separated, and the blind signal separation processor 410 selects to be decoded. In other words, the interference (4) can be discarded, and the money is selected. The selection signal is applied to a demodulator module for demodulation. The demodulator uses a known equalization technique, which uses the same signal. The combination of multiple path forms.

35 1269544 Love, ή上 ^ @化的显不为G's diagonal outside the value of the more general ... s ' /, in fact, may not be zero. This is more the case when the coding signal is not complete. It means that each separate signal has eight departures: two'. However, as previously shown, the rank number of the matrix is sufficient to see = smash 'so its value will be after the blind signal separation process, :, ,, decrease . This results in an increase in noise and an increase in signal-to-noise ratio, and as the (Shan_s iaw) points out, the channel capability increases. See the picture in Figure 15 for increasing the rank of the mixing matrix a, and the other two: adding the number N of the four antenna elements, the method of separating the knives into in-phase and quadrature components. . - In-phase and positive-parent components of the coherent radio frequency signal, which are components of the same amplitude but with a phase difference of 9G degrees. - The communication device 500 comprises an antenna array 5〇2 comprising antenna elements 504 for receiving at least N different sums of the μ source signals. A different in-phase and positive-parent module 5〇6 is connected to the downstream end of each antenna element 5〇4 to thereby receive each of the N different sums of the M source signals, and to be separated into in-phase and positive A collection of components. A receiver component 508 is coupled to the downstream of each of the in-phase and quadrature modules 5〇6 for receiving at least one of the in-phase and quadrature component sets for at least ν different sums of the one source signals. A blind signal separation processor 51 is coupled to the downstream end of the receiver component 508 to form a mixing matrix 512 comprising at least two different sums of the source number. Each in-phase and quadrature component set provides two inputs that are populated into the mixing matrix 512. The rank number of the mixing matrix 512 is equal to 2 Ν, and the blind signal separation processor 510 separates the desired source signal 514 from the mixing matrix 512. 36 1269544 交(四)分相相正正一 Pair _在;二二:=:::2 sleeves signal _ 味兮~t 9 〇 outside the same phase is widely stored in the same phase as the orthogonal signal The phase information in the intermediate frequency suppression number, whereby the signal having the positive "two negative frequency" can be distinguished. The Qiangangkou said that - has the =^r=::r;;-the same as the same __ Heart; day = = mixed signal followed by age __. In the case of difference coding, 'the modulation itself must be analyzed to determine whether the same == cross component meets linear requirements. For example, globally In action == iGsM) 'has been shown that when using the appropriate filtering, the = minimum displacement keying (GMSK) encoding is linear, and if the 2 double phase shifting (BPSK) encoding is 'can be processed in the receiver' By using the in-phase and positive-parent components, the in-phase and positive-parent components can be used to fill in the hybrid matrix A using any of the antenna arrays described above. When using = 2 times the number of antenna elements, it can be filled in the hybrid PA. Another example is Use two antenna elements (factor 2) that are uncorrelated with each other and have different polarizations (zero sub-) and are combined with the positive parent component of the 37 1269544 (since the mixed signal sum. '* this New 8 independent machines Wei Keming received __ 麟号总. The sum of these sums of k orthogonal components. The mouth is separated into in-phase and heavy / view _ against the threat (four) wireless _ rate of more reception: The processing technique, which uses the field type to minimize the number of antennas required. The data ratio associated with the field is strong and the variable has a variable weight on its receiver path. 'Adjust the receiving antenna field type. By using the receiving channel with the majority of the interference signal for the blind "separation (10)S), the desired signal 3 is taken from the input and formed as in the 17th. The financial description is more ingenious. In the two-phase structure, 'the antenna part can be replaced by the field type dispersion', and the Msl% type number will be compared with the number of the 1^ antenna elements = 'the κ field type will be used in comparison with the prior art, less than This is 2 days of L antenna elements. In the same method as the current antenna array implementation, only when all transmitted fixed-space channels 'are discernible by the K receiver field types, are equal 1 because this is general In the case of fixed transmitters and receiving cymbals, in order to f: 〒 or 空间 spatial gain 'will require receiver field type or transmission for day u, super jaw. Multiple user detection processing techniques will be used to separate the data channel in the d 38 1269544 receiving system. All of the above discussion of the method used to build the hybrid matrix will be part of this implementation. Another aspect of the present invention is directed to an inter-symbol interference (ISI). The Fourier transform limit used to reduce inter-symbol interference is proposed in the configuration provided in Figure 18. Subsequent block diagrams that have been added to the transmission side to improve Fourier transforms that reduce inter-symbol interference, including Viterbi (inter-coding, repetition/puncturing, and inserted cluster redundancy) Has been added to the transmission side. This subsequent block diagram is also added to the receiving side. Blind signal separation interference removal, removal of agglomerates, deduplication/de-cancellation, and Viterbi coding. Robust redundancy, which overcomes the inaccuracy of the data in the horse. For example, the alternative coding form of turbo coding is also suitable for &4; repetition, so that the source data ratio and transmission data source The lumps correspond to this. In this case, the lumps are inserted, and the successive arrivals of the two are now machined to maximize the possibility of proper decoding, where | the recovery of the channel condition. This introduced clump error, It is from, and the second is: the π嫉/ 〃 比 解码 解码 11 寺 寺 寺 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码 解码Interference removal" Before, the signal of the expected signal is reduced. And the ^^= into the _ rate domain signal has a known statistical characteristic, the best copying method, / is the distribution (the degree of the peak-to-average ratio) is added - edit _ fine FFT) The round of the round, the sentence #passes the frequency of the signal level), and adds a reverse conversion at the input of the 39 1269544 Extended Fourier Transform (IFFT).联』: "= ΐ ΐ is mutated' and in the practical solution, up-conversion ϊ so in the cap increase - modulator, convert the memory ^ into a demodulator. At the boundary between the transmitted waveforms 1 == TM is eliminated in many ways. - Method: Insert, to add ^ 'Add people - protective band, which is within the waveform

The composition of the mating matrix is minimized. The theory of loading (4) all the methods of establishing the mixed matrix can be done as part of this implementation. News. The viewing volume type is dispersed, and the domain layer space is transmitted in the preferred embodiment of Fig. 19, and the transmitter changes the power level for each layer spatial stream on a read basis. ===The degree of power, the receiver's in the connected (four) field, the difference /, is filled into an appropriate matrix for the blind signal separation process. The power adjustments are all made at the transmitter where the number of L antenna elements is 丨 and there is no need to generate field-type hardware or software at the receiver. This method also satisfies the prior art, where the small angular difference between the new ones is no longer a problem for field-type contours that produce an appropriate difference in the money. In another-implementation, there is a significant interference from the desired transmission ride. If such a dry limb is single, the difference between its towel and the change of the desired wave before the transmission of n waves will be enough to cause the blind money separation process to separate all signals. If there is more than one significant interference, the rank of the matrix is less than the m纟 domain can be improved by generating an additional 1269544 field type change in the female reduction. Although this is different from the preferred embodiment, it still requires a significantly smaller field pattern compared to the top, and thus less relevant implementation on the receiver side. In another embodiment, the majority of the data streams are summed for the transmission of the power amplifier by the pro-single antenna elements. On the basis of the time slot, the relative power level in the sum signal is changed in such a manner that it is suitable for the blind decoding of the blind. The advantage of this method is that the respective signal flows in the ==Hail are subject to the same transmission path, and the relative signal relationship is still maintained in the transmitter and receiving crying =. This provides a very robust decoding at the receiver, where the majority of the signals are summed and can be transmitted through the device. Therefore, the gain can be recorded along most paths, and the rate peak 2: the signal is robust. In order to satisfy the signal power, the power is close to the solid: power; =, and the tank can also be used to maintain the hybrid moment. The theory of loading materials used to build the New Zealand Law can be part of this implementation. Most transmissions cry. Sr goes to the wavy field type to support the simultaneous setting, modulation & line test 2nd map 'transfer to most of the access points of the access point, the sum frequency field type. The expected access point is different from the unintended different power form used for blinding the eight-pass signal. This provides the modulation;: at: information needed to leave the signal. The field type contour is changed, and the transmission power is simple. This can be done without regard to D, so you can use general directionality, segmentation or equal 1269544 beam field type. Other ways of changing the efficiency of a transmission beam can also be used to make the transmitter use an alignment slot. The clock: is set by the internal clock in the 3 edge or synchronized with the common time stamp transmitted by the access point. If there is a misalignment when the signal arrives to receive crying, the separation in the blind signal separation will decrease. Alignment can be accomplished by means of confirming the distance to the device, or by measuring the time delay, by means of the access device, using clock advance or delay. The gain change H of the received signal is separated from the target by which it is regarded as the target (4), and the other emotions are both interfered with X (4). If there is no overall network =? The intended receiver should be aligned. If there is an overall net = two, the best way to show this is to make the signal simple to properly align the separation. *Show secrets to collect money, health provides such as ^^ Do not use the radio frequency power level modulation technology other W 'can use typical money rejection technology = field f: other ways to increase power, signal separation and use The latter method 'the freedom to derive matrix information will greatly reduce the cost of implementation at the access point receiver. All of the methods for establishing the hybrid matrix can be used as a further aspect of the present invention for adjusting the blind signal to separate the radio frequency 1269544 from the stone to optimize processing and power consumption (dl > ain). The number of interested negative stream signals that need to be separated and resolved is reduced. Generally, the rank number of the decoding matrix determines the maximum number of separated effective signals, and the remainder of the signal is treated as noise. Therefore this value needs to be at the minimum inclusion of the decoded ^ number. A possible larger minimum may be required to reduce the noise component, so the signal to noise ratio forms an acceptable decoding error ratio. Art Figure 21 depicts the implementation of operating only the receiver. Figure 22 is a superset of Figure 2, including data from the transmitter to the receiver, and optionally including data from the receiver to the transmitter. If the option to fill in the matrix exceeds the number of ranks required for operation, the antenna array control can reduce the number of options used. Some choices from the available sets may be more satisfactory for others, and the best choice forms a lower matrix rank number. This set can be used to compare the other options from the future, by trial and error (such as φ comparison using the option k and the results when not used), or by historical tracking of conditions and results. The combination of methods or methods used may also be determined by the validity of given known conditions and historical evidence. A device is known to be located in an effective signal range from many sources, as occurs in a coverage overlap region, and it can be expected that the highest power # number is from a distinctly different direction. This option should therefore be chosen to provide valid signal differences in those directions. For encoding, the error correction encoding determines the error rate that can be tolerated in the original decoded data stream. Because the original error ratio is also a function of the set of 43 1269544 ί, there is a right between these settings that can be used to _ the most red slave. /, (d) loop ’ 1 If the receiver finds that it is not in the case of limited power (for example, the power of the wire), the decoder can use its quadratic addition. A higher rank number can reduce noise, and then reduce the error ratio. cut back

The rate 'reduced error correction code' or the load of the second car is converted into a miscellaneous charge 11, which can also be reduced in the pass, , and load, which can exist in a control loop between the two ##反反'- Devices that use batteries can try to negotiate with the more robust ones to increase the number of ranks. By changing the clock settings, this most robust operation requires a decoding matrix recalculation for each symbol. However, usually the sum of the time exceeds the symbol and therefore the measurement is only needed if the ratio is slightly faster than the sum of the time. Reducing the events identified by the decoding matrix will save more power and processor overhead. Monitoring the change in the scalding event is a confirmation that the decoding matrix must be recalculated frequently. In broadband systems, this subchannel often has its own time sum. Each subchannel can have its own decoding matrix and corresponding measurement ratio. This excludes the recalculation of a very large decoding matrix at this fastest required ratio. In general, the sum of the measurements for the sub-decoding matrix will be less than the sum of the measurements for the large matrix. 1269544 For field-type transmissions, if the source produces a field pattern, the receiver can fill its matrix with the receive option to provide the appropriate matrix rank. The receiver can establish a basis for information about the transmission characteristics, including information that is known to the transmitter, a measure of the received data stream and the decoded data, or a negotiation setting with the source. In the case of this negotiation, the resource level of the source can also be considered, so any one can be assumed to be a higher burden' to unload other loads. In the case of the matrix solving technique, the decoding matrices generally do not change from each other. Therefore, the previous value can be used as a seed to solve the iterative decision, which is compared with the (4) new start decision, which is less processor burden. § The matrix is large enough to start, usually the iterative decoding will change to 2. Make f answer * from - unknown mosquitoes. Rape - a known way of solving large ranks and complete matrices.

In general, according to the available components, the degree of correction coding, the applicable lending, and other factors that affect the like operation, the above H 仃 can be combined. All of the methods discussed above for establishing the hybrid matrix are part of this implementation. Another point of view of this test is for the wavy field type, which is used for domain coverage. For this field type transmission, the basic concept is built: Use the coverage field type of the partition. The actual use partition has the ability to change with the phase_cost factor. The actual implementation can be... the second two partitions to the arbitrarily large number. The partition itself can be distinguished from the angle r or height, or the azimuth and height plane. The main benefit of using it is that like each domain beam method, its mitigation =

45 1269544, at other endpoints of the ,, track the needs of the device. Leaving the coverage area of one partition to another is therefore reduced to a typical delivery d〇f situation. This prior art makes it possible to generate a receiver of this field type, which is appropriately changed for signal separation processing of blind signal separation. In contrast, the transmitter uses the technology' so there is at least some part of the applicable f-signal separation decoder environment. In some implementations, this would mean that the receiver does not need to generate any shape. In other implementations, it means that the number of wavy field patterns is significantly reduced. Training the actual point of the job. This _ is satisfied in the region where other transmission sources that are operating are unknown. Reference = transmission field type contour is known to the receiver, is -

The wavy shape. J - The change in the transmission pattern is set to 1 with the area of the transmission symbol. Instead of the movement of the crosshairs, the field contour can be changed and held in each φ mesh (four). The wei _ this is not a _ _ and does not produce a forward-looking tracking issue in order to compete with it. Due to the changed transmission contour, the receiver will encounter - ii as fr. The signal separation moment _ this will be filled in with different signal flow differences at different relative identification values.曰 If the connection (four) advantage · 'is all from the use of wave- or more (four) fresh, the connection is only in the per-sale =:: = some of the formed information 'filled in _ letter two 46 1269544 „, if there is another a transmitter that produces the wavy signal, and other transmissions are not used in the mixing case, the receiver can be processed using typical signal separation techniques. For example, beamforming and recording users can be used. The method of detection. However, the blind signal separation method is generally more robust. In practice, the receiver can implement field-type deformation and generate enough additional fields to increase the rank of the blind signal separation matrix. The number ' exceeds the number of signals to be separated. To hide the f signal, the implementation of the signal, (4), if three contours with three signals are transmitted by the transmitter, and there are two other signals Received, the receiver will need to generate at least two contours to separate the signals that interfere with each other. If the transmitter itself does not produce its own set, then less than three contours are already needed, so ^ to reduce the burden on the receiver. If the -nm path is transmitted - the money stream, the set of field contours does not need to be rotated or different. This is because the receiver is Detecting The 彳§ number has been changed for all other received signals. The transmitter can therefore use a simple power change for the overall field type without changing the shape of the contour. If there is only another at the receiver When a data stream is summed, even if the amplitude of one of them is fixed, the blind signal separation can still separate him. This is because the power chaos source provides the change required for its own operation. If more than one is received For other data streams, they appear as a single cluster interference for blind signal separation, unless the receiver itself uses other separation devices to increase its own wavy field generation capability. 1269544 丄. The field type transmitter in this receiving mode. Most field type contour processing separated by blind t is a good method for signal separation. 'Making the target technology to generate the transmission field S, x = can also generate a majority of the receiver value. When the transmission is already supported, the cost factor for blind signal separation reception is therefore only the blind signal Processing costs. The feedback from the user equipped receiver to the transmitter will now be discussed. Although f is not a mandatory requirement, the feedback from the user equipped receiver can be used to improve the overall operation of the link. In this case, the receiving ί can determine which field type contour is changed, providing useful information to the transmitter. The transmitter can then adjust the #link' to use less power. , or to other communication links 1. These miscellaneous may be: which one and which one to use, and how many changes during the work of the symbol transmission (in other words, one: the change of the contour) ° for the most Good performance, will need to pass the inch value of the threshold line to adjust to the receiver. The _ knowing the second method =:!=^ the input point is related to the field type generated by the above description, which can be calculated for the blind letter === at the receiver. (4). In the case of a knife away, a more robust operation can be obtained by information on the nature of the transmission parameters. The number of ranks for the array is transferred, and then the basin is followed by ...: two examples and s, the number of fields required for the moment can be adjusted. When available, 48 1269544 The receiver's field pattern is generated and is therefore adjusted for each of this information. Network Width Radio Resource Management can use the information fed back to the user to establish network width field usage, direction, power level and clock. All of the methods discussed above for establishing the hybrid matrix can be part of this implementation. Another aspect of the present invention is directed to blind signal separation and wavy field patterns for assisting in the separation of coded multiple access signals. For a blind signal separation algorithm

With an effectively separated signal, the Xi received signal must be a set of received signals at the antenna with relatively different weighting factors for each respective signal. This can be done at the location of the transmission n, the receiver or both. The weighting factor is changed at the transmitting or receiving end, and they can be changed for each (9) or continuous wafer. The silk requirement is that the number of times the aggregate signal is adjusted, at least equal to the number of signals to be separated. Fig. 24 shows the case where the symbol is changed 12 times (1) 2) in the frequency. The changed parameter is constant in 4 wafers. each

The three changes imply that three different signals can be separated from the received signal from the set. The knife value transmitter is transmitted along the - money path (four) - the signal stream, and the signal measured by the field type is already different. This is because the receiver detector can therefore be changed using other received signals. The pass does not need to change the scale of the money ^ in the simple field of the power change, and a stream of data is added, that is, ^ at the receiver, only the separation can still separate him from the fixed blind letter because The source of beta power chaos provides the changes required for its operation. If more than one other stream is received, they appear as a single cluster interference for blind signal separation, unless the receiver itself uses other separation devices to increase its own wavy field generation capability. Although not mandatory, feedback from the user equipped with the receiver can be used to improve the overall operation of the link. For example, the recipient can determine which field type contour changes, providing useful

data. This information is fed back to the transmitter. The transmitter can then adjust its operation to improve the chain, use less power, or interfere with other communication links. While there are many ways to change the power curve, some of these adjustments may be: which one and which of the sequences are used; how many changes occur during a transmission's guard, and how to modulate or confuse a respective link power. For best performance, you will need to communicate the value of each symbol change to the receiver. The actual power amplifier is optimally used in its linear operating range. With a large peak-to-average power ratio, the operating range for linear operation can be reduced 'so that for this peak mean, a reduced linear dynamic control range is formed' and thus between the transmitter and the shop Operating distance. When the power is the transmission parameter of (4), the relationship can be mitigated by the S-time multi-mode. The I party/packet is powered by the same amplifier to more than one vanishing point Unk) ,·, the f money separation change can be called—the image is synchronized by maintaining the sum of the powers of all the numbers in a fixed manner. In other words, the increase in some transmissions is shifted from other shouts. If the _ power is near 1269544, the excess power can be converted to a value that is equal to the wafer ratio to dissipate the load. Type == Receive Antenna - Power Range $ is established, including the delay and variation of the antenna (the antenna); the parasitic antenna; the pole-changing crying, its rectification; the mechanical movement of the component or the inverse; Any combination. The above discussion was used to build

All methods of turning and turning can be done as part of this implementation. Mao Ming's other point of view is for a signal receiver that is used for most of the space. The shredded parasitic antenna can be combined with a high-speed digitizer to provide most of the air-to-county to baseband = 4. Most spatial independent channels are low noise, ^(lna), -mixer, local oscillator α〇, low pass &'"Low wave (LPF) and analog-to-digital conversion 1 (ADC) provided. Most of the spatially independent channels obtained by this technique can be processed in a variety of ways, including integral integration, blind money separation, or multiple input multiple output reception processing. Referring to Figure 25, the system principles will be described later. The preferred embodiment includes a single antenna array having components that switch to inductors and capacitors. This band limits both the frequency band present in the low noise amplifier and the overall radio frequency power through the filter. This low noise amplifier is not just a low noise amplifier for receiving signals. The mixer and local oscillator adjust the radio frequency signal to be one of an intermediate frequency or baseband digital converter (DC). Either implementation is also available for backend processing. 51 1269544 Change, "3 days 2 switch, select local vibration 111 city and solve the multiplex processor to cut a channel, "2 digit sequence generator is driven, so the signal N cry produces 1 " antenna ^ Ν (4) From the beginning. This is converted from the hybrid filter, waver and shaft contact ^. , the core is in the low pass modulation m has a carrier frequency Fc signal and has a pulse; where: == 'acting as a kind of kind of private for an array with N components, if The base must be at least 2*N*B. The need for N lies in a demodulator. 3' mother N samples will only have one (% job (8) sampling theory. Therefore, the need is to satisfy the Nyquist is also subject to the cutting speed of the device. (4) signal bandwidth, the solution Multiple processing, crying > then solid parallel solution, Weiji (four), (four), (酣), middle set, n kinds of phase eight, shop distribution structure must not be selected for group dispersion (left and right, for example, if there are three antennas The sample number is !_, 2,;: then N=3. From the analog-to-digital conversion, the distribution of ι, 4, 7, ω: 5, 6'7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 to the second Demodulator sequence; and; 7 modulator sequence: 2, 5, 8, U distribution column. 3, 6, 9, 12 distribution to the third demodulator sequence j kg mentioned 'the demodulator can be - The overall combined shape (S: 52 1269544 j 'blind signal separation or the two-to-many input multi-output demodulation technology, the Ting can be a list of signal modulation circuits, or a Expected to be a packet of spatially independent channels. The overall combination can be the weight of a soft decision or the operation of a hard decision. Some implementation limitations will be discussed later. Signal ratio, noise pattern, impedance matching, and received signal power. If the antenna array has a bandwidth that matches the received signal, the band-to-signal noise ratio will remain the same. However, the signal energy in the band In contrast to a conventional array, the factor of N2 is reduced. Because the low noise amplifier is behind the antenna array, it is the first in the signal path L. The noise pattern is not like the slave. The switching array started by the piN type diode has an important consideration. Since each channel receives 1/N of the signal power after the demultiplexing processor, the low noise amplification gain requirement is 101〇. The way gl()N is increased to maintain the resolvable signal amplitude at the output of the mixer. • Switching between different antenna arrays introduces a change in impedance matching characteristics. For antenna implementation, this It is not always the case of an ''active' antenna element that is directly connected to the radio frequency path. The other, parasitic, antenna element only has an effect on the radio frequency path. The embodiment may also be applied to some multi-input multiple-output and other parallel path transmission structures, which combine to adjust the local oscillator to different current-carrying frequencies and switch to different dispersion modes of the antenna array. They can be synchronized or independent of each other. In time, they must happen at the same time, but each state (array mode is more than the upload stream frequency) does not need to be in phase with ^ 53 1269544. This is useful for receiving 802.11g+ waveforms. The two regular 802.11g waveforms are transmitted in parallel in different carrier streams. In this case, it is possible to switch between the upper and lower current carriers of the local oscillator, and then in a different field pattern. Switching between different dispersion modes of the antenna array. The mixer can be set to downconvert the radio frequency to an intermediate frequency or baseband digital converter. This changes some of the sampling requirements of the analog to digital converter. Intentional pseudonyms and other techniques can be used to calculate the intermediate frequency under sampling and still restore the expected information content. This method also considers the dual use of antennas for both receive and transmit functions. For some applications like satellite reception, no transmission function is required. For time division multiplex systems (such as wireless local area network (WLAN), next-generation wireless broadband access technology (WiMAX), broadband code division multiple access _ time division multiplexing (WCDMA-TDD), single channel synchronization code Multiple access (TDSCDMA), etc. or time slot frequency division multiplexing (FDD) systems (such as the Global System for Mobile Communications/General Wireless Packet Service (GSM/GpRS, which does not simultaneously receive and transmit signals) The transmission mode is independent of the test, and the receiving antenna can be regarded as multiplex. For a complete frequency division multiplexing system (such as code division multiple access 2000 (CDMA2〇00) or broadband code division multiple access_ In the case of the frequency division (Wcdma_fdd), the transmission function can be completed in the form of separate antennas. Any of these empty mediation planes can be used to detect the Wei Jie technology (integral combination, blind signal separation, multiple input). Output) 54 1269544 Another aspect of the present invention is directed to blind signal separation to code division multiple access receiver processing. An antenna array having a separation between antenna elements is suitable for filling in the decoding sequence. The available literature It is recalled that this is generally convincing to the technical experts. The other reference documents are related to the signal antenna interference cancellation (10) κ) technology. Those using blind signal separation need to be correlated. Or statistically independent in-phase and orthogonal channels to generate a matrix with a rank of 2. Material decoding (4) This separate single-interference and desired signal. If there are two interferences, the existing signal antenna interference cancellation technology cannot be implemented. They refer to a use, virtual, and second antenna. The prior art can be improved based on the sum of signal independence obtained by prior art devices and others that are not saved in the literature. Positive devices are actually located in some radio access networks, they may not be suitable for code division multiple access coding. The above discussion is used to establish all methods of the hybrid matrix, which can be used as one for this implementation. In addition, these techniques increase the independent component analysis to use the rank number of the matrix, = making the sub-analytic application more capable of obtaining the desired signal, but micro Therefore, in order to select an appropriate decoding sequence, fine techniques are still needed. For example, if the sum of the processed signals is excessively harmful, it is necessary to recover from the independent component analysis processing. In a second embodiment, as shown in Fig. 26. As described, it uses a different decoding sequence. It is shown in the π-picture that the signal set at node A is only for signal interference, but the same argument 11 uses most interference and "increased turn". The number of ranks. The noise of 55 1269544 degrees is based on a narrow band of signals. The signal is beyond the 'and the desired code division multiple accessor' nm, ie 9 points δ' has already taken out the interference. The "select I^°=" 疋 No is really interference. If a signal has the same meaning as the number = it is selected. If you choose - or a disturbance, they will exist in that, 彳 'turn (ie point C). Independent component analysis 2 can be reversed or not reversed - receiving money, that is, for each letter

No need to be reversed to confirm with _ receiving signal. The interference with the correct amplitude symbol, _, is present in the plus-negative = input at node D. Those skilled in the art may of course recognize this alternative 'but not equal implementation. For example, a pure dry charm can be used at this stage and the inversion is used when the signal is not captured with the non-inverted waveform. The delayed form of the original received signal (Node A) is present at the other adder inputs. The delay value is equal to the delay caused by the analysis, selection, and, reversal, processing of the independent component. Specialists in the field may of course be qualified instead of equal implementation. For example, the delay and adder function block diagram can be replaced with a minimized block diagram that shifts and sums the two signals until a minimum is reached. At node D in Figure 29, the interference has been removed. At node E in Figure 3, the rake receiver has reduced the dispersion of the signal, which may now be present in the baseband decoder. Further details of this embodiment are that the signals collected by the antenna structure can be obtained by selection for each of the previously discussed embodiments to enhance the current technique. 56 1269544 The structure that should be touched, such as the structure of the first figure, is only a kind of implementation. It is assumed that there is,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, The tradeoff ^^ processing delay, implementation cost, overall operational robustness, and material selection are selected. Only before the hybrid receiver is implemented, the basic concept of the rape reduction system from the signal flow needs to be in the phase (4) Maintained in all changes.

- Although the complete removal of the interference has been shown in the previous description, it should not be implemented to remove all interference. However, the removal of the enzyme interference is assumed to be a function of improving the performance of the prior art. »Haidao code re-access 彳§ is the same as its dissolving form, it is a kind of Gaussian type, and it is more difficult to analyze by independent component, j's tendency H and It is also possible to have some money, because the signal is still statistically significant. Once the interference is removed again, it will usually become more significant, and the overall gain will be in the _ shout decoder. Alternatively, the overall decoding process can be further enhanced using an incremental processing approach. This means that the signal is gradually increased or decreased for the inclusion or absence, and/or the number of money removal signals, and the integrity of the decoded signal measurement to improve or deteriorate the degree of the result can be examined in more detail. The main key to this embodiment is that the independent component analysis is used for almost identical signals, but not for the coded multiple access signals before the 牦耙 processing, because it is difficult to confirm and/or 撷 during this period. take. Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a mixed minimum mean square error matrix beam separation weight that is transmitted through a field type for blind signal separation. Reference may again be made to U.S. Patnet No. 6,931,362, which requires a number of inductors to provide a linear independent summation signal. The patent application, 362, is hereby incorporated by reference. The antenna array described above can be used in place of the plurality of inductors, however the post-processing disclosed in the '362 patent is still applicable. Many modifications and other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in the <RTIgt; Therefore, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and the invention is intended to be included in the scope of the claims. People

58 1269544 [Simple description of the diagram] The first picture is a block diagram of the program according to the hair (4). The basin-communication equipment is used to check the county source and connect (4) the signal that you want. Figure 2 is a more detailed block diagram of the communication device shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating different methods for generating a linear independent sum of the source signals for the mixing moments in accordance with the present invention. Figure 4 is a block diagram of an antenna array configured as a switched beam antenna in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 5 is a block diagram of an antenna array configured as a phase array in accordance with the present invention. Figure 6 is an antenna array configured as a dipole antenna tree in accordance with the present invention. Figure 7 is a three-dimensional illustration of the use of the tri-polarization in accordance with the present invention. Figure 8 is a block diagram of a pass-through device comprising a phase-non-side antenna array providing different sums of signals for blind signal separation processing in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the fourth embodiment of the present invention, a communication device block diagram which provides a different sum of signals for blind signal separation processing. Figure 10 is a block diagram of a switched beam antenna with a - height controller for selectively varying the height of the antenna pattern in accordance with the present invention. An 11th ® is an azimuth direction towel, describing the antenna pattern of the antenna pattern, which is then rotated in the height direction (4) described in the ninth ® and rotated in the height direction. 59 1269544 Figure 12 is a block diagram of an antenna element having a radio frequency adjustment device for rotating the antenna pattern in the height direction in accordance with the present invention. Figure 13 is a block diagram of a communication device based on path selection operations in accordance with the present invention, which provides different signal sums for blind signal separation processing. Figure 14 is a block diagram of a communication device based on a decentralized coding operation that provides an additional sum of signals for blind signal separation processing in accordance with the present invention. Figure I5 is a block diagram of an overnight device operating based on in-phase and quadrature signal components in accordance with the present invention, which provides an additional signal sum for blind signal separation processing. Figure 16 is a detailed block diagram of the in-phase and quadrature modules connected to the antenna elements as shown in Figure 15. Multi-input and multi-transmission based on field type decentralized operation Inter-frame interference of a Fourier transform communication system Fig. 17 is a block diagram of a system according to the present invention.

Figure 18 is a block diagram of addressing in accordance with the present invention. Figure 19 is a block diagram of a communication system in accordance with the present invention, one of which is transmitted; based on the / temple slot. Changing the power level for each hierarchical spatial stream ^ Figure 20 is a block diagram of a communication system in accordance with the present invention, with a field pattern to support a majority of transmitters transmitting to the same access point. According to the present invention, an optimized processing and power consumption ("receiving block diagram" is shown, which is integrated with the operation of the receiving transmitter described in Fig. 21 with the transmission of the 22nd picture. 1269544 Fig. 23 is a diagram showing the wavy transmission field type contours in a clock sequence according to the present invention. In the column, a receiver has been shown in Fig. 24 as a clock line according to the present invention, and the dragon has 12 variations. (In other words, 12 wafers), one symbol period has one wafer and remains fixed. ~ Breaking the change parameter is for 4 receivers for most spatial independent channels. Fig. 25 is a block diagram according to the present invention.

Fig. 26 is a diagram showing the decoder decoding keys according to the present invention. Figs. 27 to 30 are diagrams showing amplitude versus frequency, respectively, corresponding to the return point of Fig. 26. /,

[Component Symbol Description] ADO Analog Digital Converter BPF Band Pass Filter LNA Low Noise Amplifier LPF Low Pass Filter 20(1)~20(M) First to 22nd Complex Source Signal 22(1)~22 (M First to j 24 complex antenna beam BBP baseband processor ICA independent component analysis L0 local oscillator 2 〇 complex signal source Μ signal source Μ source signal 24 (1) ~ 24 (5) first ~ IV [antenna Beam 30, 200, 240, 300, 400, 500 communication device 32, 180, 202, 242, 302, 402, 502 antenna array 34 complex antenna element 61 1269544 34(1)~34(N) first to Nth antenna Element 36, 116, 214, 252, 312, 412, 512 mixing matrix 38, 38(1)~38(3) separating matrix 39, 216 &gt; 254 &gt; 314, 414, 514 separating signal 40 radio transceiver 42, 250, 310, 410, 510 processor 44 PCA principal component analysis module 46 ICA independent component analysis module 48 SVD signal numerical decomposition module 49 blind signal separation processing 50 signal analysis module 52 application related processing module 100 irrelevant sensing 102 related antenna array 104 polarized antenna Column 106 sensor-to-array combination 108 array offset 110 path selection 112 scatter coding 114 in-phase and quadrature component 140 switching beam antenna 142, 162 active antenna element 144 passive antenna element 144a upper half 144b lower half 146 ground plane 148, 108', 118, inverse 160 phase array 164 weight control component 166 splitter/combiner 168 controller 182a, 182b, 182c, 184a, 184b, 204, 244, 274, 3 (504 antenna element 206 two associated antenna elements 210 248 Receiver 212 Blind Signal Separation Processor 246 Height Controller 62 1269544 1001 Switch Beam Antenna 104' 104a, Upper Half 104b' 106f Ground Plane 270 Controls Radio Frequency Conditioning Device 272 Ground Plane 308, 408, 508 Receive 316 RR 牦耙 Receiver 406 502 Antenna Array (Figure 15) 502 506 In-Phase and Orthogonal Module 520 Passive Antenna Element Lower Half Code Despreader Antenna Element (Figure 16) Mixer

Claims (1)

1269544 95Γβ728 年月修修(^) is being replaced on page 10, the scope of patent application: 1. A communication device that separates the source signals provided by one signal source, the communication device comprising: an antenna comprising one antenna element An array for generating ν initial antenna patterns to receive ν different sums of the one source signals, wherein Ν is less than Μ; the antenna array includes a height controller for selectively changing at least the initial a height of one of the antenna patterns to generate at least one additional antenna pattern to thereby receive at least one additional different sum of the one source signals; a receiver coupled to the antenna array for using the one The initial antenna pattern 'receives the ν different sums of the one source signals and uses the at least one additional antenna pattern to receive the at least one additional different sum of the one source signals; a blind signal separation processor Connected to the receiver to form a mixing matrix comprising the different sums of the one source signals and the ones At least one additional different sum of signals, the mixing matrix having a rank number equal to Ν plus the number of additional different sums of the one received source signals received using the additional antenna pattern, the blind signal separation processor used to The mixing matrix separates the desired source signal. 2. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein the second rank is such that the rank number of the hybrid matrix is equal to two. 3. The communication device according to claim 1 of the patent application, wherein the height control person selectively changes the height of the first initial antenna field type, so that the production of 64 1269544 flat moon repair (^) is replacing the page The extra antenna field is as received (four) source money _ side outside the door, and the rank of the _mixing matrix is now equal to tear. = 二申,请第,的通信农,, where the height control 22 and the N antenna clocks have _k «domain, independent control ^ ^ _ N initial antenna field type of height, making The _ * antenna Ant % is not connected to the N side of the (four) M wheel signals, and 'and the mixing matrix _ rank number is now equal to 2 kN. According to the communication device of the patent application, at least two of the (10) antennas 70 are paired for different polarizations. 6. The communication device according to item 1 of the patent application, wherein at least two of the N antennas are irrelevant. 7) According to the rail device of the scope of the patent application, the four (four) antenna elements are related. 8. The communication device according to claim 7, wherein the one of the associated antenna elements comprises a residual antenna element such that the day_columns form a phase array. 9. The communication device of claim 7, wherein the associated antenna read comprises at least an active antenna element and at most one passive antenna element such that the antenna array forms a switched beam antenna. The communication device according to claim 2, wherein the antenna array comprises a ground plane; and wherein the N antenna elements comprise an active antenna element adjacent to the ground plane; adjacent to the ground plane a plurality of passive antenna elements, each of which comprises: 70 65 1269544 曰Correct replacement page one upper half and one corresponding lower half; upper variable reaction load, which connects the upper half to the ground plane, To change an azimuth of an antenna pattern; the south controller includes - for each of the passive antenna elements, a lower variable mx connecting the lower half to the ground plane, the N antenna patterns being Adjust at least the lower variable reaction load - moving in height. [beta] 11. The communication device of the patent scope, wherein the antenna array has a ground plane of the antenna elements: and wherein the height control comprises a controllable radio frequency (RF) modulation device coupled to the ground plane The N antenna beams are moved in height by the control_radio. The direct communication is not according to the communication device of the i-th patent scope of the patent application, wherein the antenna array has received different signals from the source signals. Sum, forming at least ^ antenna beams 'Each antenna beam has a 3 biberite point below the maximum gain point, which is prepared for ageing in at least the direction of the proximity signal. 15 13. Patented patent The communication device of the third aspect, wherein the antenna is configured to receive at least one of the different sums of the one source signals, and at least the -day type of the station is less than the second-day type The 3 decibel point causes no signal to be rejected in any of the proximity signals. |4, according to the communication device of the third paragraph of the patent application, the sum of each of the signals is linear. 6 1269544 From the 5 items of 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The source signal of the desired source. According to the communication device of the application, the blind signal is separated from the signal value (10) D), and the desired source signal is separated from the mixing matrix. A method of operating a communication device to separate a common source signal from a plurality of signal sources, the communication device comprising an antenna array including a tamper read and a connection thereto - a height (four) $, a connection to the antenna array = a reception 2 'and the blind signal separation benefit connected to the connection (four)' includes: generating N initial antenna patterns at the antenna (four) to receive a different sum of the one source signals, which is less than μ; II. Transiently change the initial antenna field type to generate at least one additional antenna field type, thereby receiving at least the different sums of the Qianhui_numbers; each pure antenna field type improving M Source signal of the N ^ Sum to the Wei device and cause the at least-additional sum of the additional source signals to the receiver; the blind signal separation processor processes the N of the N to the 67th. Japanese repair (think) is replacing page 1269544 with the sum and the at least one additional different sum of the one source signals, the processing comprising forming a merging matrix comprising the N different sums of the source V and the source signals At least one additional different sum, the mixing matrix having a rank number equal to Ν plus the number of additional different sums of the one source signals received using the additional antenna pattern, and the split matrix, separating out Source signal. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein Ν^ is such that the rank number of the mixed matrix is equal to two.于 20. According to the method of claim 18, wherein the height of the initial antenna pattern is highly selectively changed, so that the additional antenna field can be reduced by (4) the __ and the source signal of the county. The rank number of the mixing matrix is now equal to 2ν. μ. The method of claiming the patent range, wherein = divided into the N-day pieces has a _k ship field == area to change the fixed initial antenna field to control each additional antenna pattern to receive the M can produce N and 'and the mix she and her extra different total 22. According to claim 18, at least two of the pieces are for different polarization pairs (four) antenna elements 23. According to the scope of patent application At least two of the 18th items are irrelevant. ~ The antenna element A in accordance with the method of claim 18, wherein the one antenna element 68 8 · ____ date correction replacement page 1269544 is relevant. The method of claim 24, wherein the associated antenna components comprise N active antenna elements such that the antenna array forms a phase array. The method of claim 24, wherein the N associated antenna elements comprise at least one wire antenna element and at most N] passive antenna elements such that the antenna array forms a switched beam antenna. η according to the method of claim 18, wherein the antenna array forms at least N antenna beams to receive the at least two different cores of the (four) source signal and each antenna beam has a 3 dB point below a maximum gain point , in order to provide a signal rejection in at least - a direction close to the money: 28. The method according to claim 18, wherein the antenna array is formed to an antenna pattern to receive N of the source signals The total ί J at least - the antenna field type does not substantially have a U-point from -maximum increase, resulting in no method in any direction of the proximity signal, according to the method of claim 18, wherein the blind signal is separated 30 · According to the scope of the patent application, the 18th processor is based on independent component analysis, source signal. The method of the item, wherein the blind signal separation separates the desired from the mixing matrix. 69 1269544 Tight I 23⁄4 repair (US) positive replacement page XI, schema: 1/15 70 1269544 2/15 |5·1· 2s Repair (gas) replacement page Figure 2 30 , 42 71 1269544 _Cat _ _ ·8; Year of the month (rabbit) is replacing page 72 1269544 The day of the month is replaced by the page 4/15 Figure 73 1269544 f August 28th repair φ positive replacement page 5/15 74 1269544 The 8th &amp; 21 repair (iu is replacing page 6/15 200 240 244 U48 9th picture 75 1269544 犟V8 day repair (3⁄4 positive replacement page 7/15 10th picture τ: 76 1269544 8/15 哔V8 day repair 8 positive replacement page Figure 13 300 77 1269544 Throw: _[烈~~TM~ Year of the month repair (production) is replacing page 9/15 400 Figure 14 500 78 1269544 9 5Γ 8 ; 2 8 months 曰 repair (more) replacement page 10/15 Dijon 6 amount data entry 17th 79 1269544 Cui·% gas repair (gas) is replacing page 11/15 continuous symbol RF>- frequency substitution time ICA interference removal inverse Fourier transform removal agglomeration solution repetition/de-elimination Viterbi coding m is Continuous symbol Μ antenna L antennas K field types Wavefronts with different power levels at the receiver ''ώ 80 1269544 ·ιι·,_ηι·_ ,|_|丨_ 1 丨Γι 1 一~r•^*^'**-i1'»1·1111'·111 1 Cui·4 28日修( I;) is replacing page 12/15 L antennas K field types L antennas K field types To transmitter channel 81 T269544 13/15 —— _ Year 曰 repair (bundle) replacement page 20th • symbol period chip time period parameter pause time I I I I I I I I BPF L0 LPF (optional) BBP 2Γ 82 1269544 Japanese repair (East) is replacing page 14/15 interference Interference amplitude 83 1269544 哔8f8 day repair φ positive replacement page 15/15 84