1272982 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於-種作為冶金 滑動板。 及谷益⑺動閘門使用的 【先前技術】 滑動板’包括直線操作間門和旋動閥 内，已經制來調節冶聽 千板在 槽一—))的排放量，達數十年之二如构子或所謂的傲 這種滑動閥門（閥門系統），例如，包括兩平板：一靜止 平板和一活動平板。兩平4 #用的u, 反，、有至y—個供有關金屬熔液 使用的 通孔，因此該流通孔係垂直連通該平板的兩主表 面。兩平板能約相對活動，以致兩板的對應開孔可以作互 相偏置、部分重疊或彼此對齊的配置，以便調節受引導溶 液的質量、或中止熔液的流動。 使用兩塊以上平板的滑動閘門系統，也已眾所周知。 該等流通孔的牆面，在使用過程中特別易遭磨耗。為要 改進耐磨性（同時也為便於修理起見），已知可在平板基體 的通孔四周，配置一用特別耐磨材料製成的環狀嵌插件。 而欣插件與外圍的基底板耐火材料的，，接合”是有問題的。 德國專利DE 100 〇6 939 C1教導使用灰泥將該嵌插件接 合到平板基體的對應凹處中。這需要用適當的機械方式， 例如鑽孔，來準備基底板。這引生了額外的成本。而且， 只能採用在旋轉上成對稱的嵌插件。 德國專利DE 100 〇6 939 C1還引述到用耐火基質材料包 105100.doc 1272982 圍以普通壓製方法來壓製環形嵌插件的可行性。在這個具 體實施例中，舉例來說，將一預先製成的嵌插件放進一壓 床模子中，並用隨後要製成該基體的基材質量包圍。然後 壓製該基材質量。這種製程，原則上，可施用在任何嵌插 件的設計，而且實施也簡單。可是它的缺點是：嵌插件和 外包的基體板在移離壓床後會彼此脫離，並且會在嵌插件 和基體板之間產生小間隙。所以，當滑動板被用在一滑動 閥門中時，該嵌插件可能脫離或甚至從該外包的基體掉 出。 一常被採用的製程包括在一預先製成的嵌插件本體的四 周圍鑄造一耐火液壓質量（一混凝土）。幾乎任何嵌插件的 幾何形狀都能採用這種方式。可是，當受熱時，該基體的 基質材料的液壓黏結會失去至少一部分的強度。一強勁的 陶瓷黏結在溫度明顯到達1000π以上時才能產生。，，強度 空洞（strength hole)”（通常是在9〇(Γ(：左右）一詞，就是使用 在這方面上。在使用滑動板的過程中，一陡靖的溫度梯 度形成在穿通孔區域和該平板邊緣之間。在穿通孔區域 中σ亥耐火材料取得近似液化鋼的溫度（例如16〇(rc )。在 忒平板邊緣上的溫度是明顯地較低。因此，在該平板中必 ^有/、被加熱到”強度空洞”（約9〇〇。〔〕）溫度的區域。這種平 板的磨耗於是就相應地比較高。 【發明内容】 本么明的一個目標是要從本工藝目前狀況開始，提供一 為/口至$谷液谷器滑動閥門使用的滑動板，該滑動板 105100.doc 1272982 包括-耐磨嵌插件在金屬溶液穿通孔的區域中，藉此該滑 動板知以谷易製作，並得以提供-定常的高強度（耐磨性） 遍及其整個體積。 為要達成此一目標，本發明係從引述的本工藝現況著 T;本工藝的現況是：在壓製耐火基質材料成為基體的過 ’嵌插件係固定在基體中應在的位置上；該基質材料 將該嵌插件包圍住。就嵌插件如以下所述的為"環形"而 論，它可以是”正確的環形"，由於該嵌插件的外周邊區域 為圓環狀的緣故。該-用詞還可包括嵌插件之在其兩主表 面之間的開孔的外側邊、沿開孔的軸向上所製成的梯階形 狀(亦即’具有不同的直徑)、或所製成具有錐形的外周邊 表面。"環形”-詞還可包括不對稱的周邊形狀和偏離圓心 的開孔配置。就本案而言，"環形”只是意指㈣插件包含 一可經由輸送金屬熔液的開孔。 山然而’如上所述，一空間（距離）在移除過程中形成在該 肷插件和基體之間’通常是成為一介於該後插件的外周邊 表面和該基體的對應表面之間的環形間隙，該空間至 分阻止了在兩部件之間的非正規的接合。這個㈣ 也可以是一多重角色的間隙。 本發明解決上述問題的辦法是：將存在於鼓插件 之間的空間用一種i雯潰劑填充，將 娜到該賴。 “基體成非-規的(直 在其最普通的具體實施例中’本發明係有關於一 冶金熔液容器滑動閥使用的滑動板，其具有下列諸項特 105100.doc 1272982 徵： a) 該滑動板包含一用财火陶瓷材料製成的基體（2); b) 該基體（2)包含至少一垂直接通該基體（2)兩主表面的 穿通孔； c) 該基體（2)包圍一用耐火陶瓷材料製成的環形嵌插件 ⑴； d) 該礙插件（1)至少在該基體（2)的一主表面區域内，完 全包圍該穿通孔，並與該主表面對齊； e) —存在於該嵌插件（1)及該基體（2)之間的空間（3)填充 有一種浸潰劑，使該基體（2)與該嵌插件（1)成非正規 的接合。 上述在嵌插件和基體之間的地區，其中並無直接的接合 存在於該兩部件之間，該區段通常是非常小而且具有一慣1272982 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a metallurgical sliding plate. [Guow Technology] [Guide] The sliding plate 'includes the linear operation door and the rotary valve, which has been adjusted to regulate the discharge of the plate in the slot one-)). Such as a constructor or so-called proud sliding valve (valve system), for example, includes two plates: a stationary plate and a movable plate. The two holes 4# use u, reverse, and have y—a through hole for the molten metal, so the flow hole vertically communicates with the two main surfaces of the plate. The two plates can be relatively movable so that the corresponding openings of the two plates can be mutually offset, partially overlapping or aligned with each other to adjust the quality of the guided solution or to stop the flow of the melt. A sliding gate system using more than two plates is also well known. The walls of these flow holes are particularly susceptible to wear during use. In order to improve wear resistance (and also for ease of repair), it is known to arrange a ring-shaped insert made of a particularly wear-resistant material around the through hole of the flat substrate. The splicing of the slab of the refractory material with the outer base plate is problematic. German Patent DE 100 〇 6 939 C1 teaches the use of stucco to join the insert into the corresponding recess of the base plate. This requires appropriate Mechanical means, such as drilling, to prepare the base plate. This incurs additional costs. Moreover, only inserts that are symmetrical in rotation can be used. German patent DE 100 〇 6 939 C1 also refers to the use of refractory matrix materials. Package 105100.doc 1272982 is a general compression method for compressing a ring insert. In this embodiment, for example, a pre-formed insert is placed in a press mold and subsequently made. The substrate is surrounded by the mass of the substrate. The quality of the substrate is then pressed. This process, in principle, can be applied to any insert design and is simple to implement. However, it has the disadvantage that the insert and the outer substrate are After moving away from the press, they will detach from each other and create a small gap between the insert and the base plate. Therefore, when the sliding plate is used in a sliding valve, the insert can be Disengaged or even dropped from the outer substrate. A commonly used process involves casting a refractory hydraulic mass (a concrete) around the perimeter of a preformed insert body. The geometry of virtually any insert can be used. In this way, however, when heated, the hydraulic bond of the matrix material of the matrix loses at least a portion of its strength. A strong ceramic bond can only occur when the temperature reaches 1000 π or more., Strength hole (" Usually at 9 〇 (Γ (: left and right), it is used in this respect. During the use of the sliding plate, a steep temperature gradient is formed between the through-hole area and the edge of the plate. The σHai refractory in the area obtains a temperature close to that of the liquefied steel (for example, 16 〇 (rc). The temperature on the edge of the slab is significantly lower. Therefore, in the slab, there must be //heated to the "strength cavity" "(about 9 〇〇. []) the temperature of the area. The wear of this kind of flat plate is correspondingly higher. [Inventive content] One of the objectives of this syllabus is to The current state of the art begins with the provision of a sliding plate for use in a mouth-to-door valley valve sliding valve, the sliding plate 105100.doc 1272982 comprising a wear-resistant insert in the region of the metal solution through-hole, whereby the sliding plate Knowing that it is made by Gu Yi, and is able to provide - constant high strength (wear resistance) throughout its entire volume. To achieve this goal, the present invention is based on the current state of the art referred to T; the current state of the process is: The over-insertion of the pressed refractory matrix material into the matrix is fixed in the matrix; the matrix material surrounds the insert. The insert is as described below for "ring" It can be a "correct ring" because the outer peripheral area of the insert is annular. The term may also include the outer side of the opening between the two major surfaces of the insert, the stepped shape formed along the axial direction of the opening (ie, having a different diameter), or A tapered outer peripheral surface is formed. The "ring"-word may also include an asymmetrical perimeter shape and an aperture configuration that deviates from the center of the circle. In the present case, "ring" simply means that the (four) insert contains an opening through which the molten metal can be delivered. However, as described above, a space (distance) formed between the cymbal insert and the base during removal is generally an annular gap between the outer peripheral surface of the rear insert and the corresponding surface of the base. This spatial sufficiency prevents an irregular joint between the two components. This (4) can also be a gap between multiple roles. The solution to the above problem of the present invention is to fill the space existing between the drum inserts with a type of squirting agent, and to bring it to the lag. "The substrate is non-regular (in its most common embodiment). The present invention relates to a sliding plate for use with a metallurgical melt container sliding valve having the following features: 105100.doc 1272982: a) The sliding plate comprises a base body (2) made of a fusible ceramic material; b) the base body (2) comprises at least one through hole vertically connected to the two main surfaces of the base body (2); c) the base body (2) Surrounding a ring-shaped insert (1) made of refractory ceramic material; d) the barrier insert (1) completely surrounds the through-hole and is aligned with the main surface at least in a main surface area of the base (2); - the space (3) present between the insert (1) and the substrate (2) is filled with an impregnating agent to cause the substrate (2) to form an irregular joint with the insert (1). In the area between the insert and the base, there is no direct joint between the two parts, the section is usually very small and has a habit
Mm。這樣狹窄的 例上<100 μιη(微米）的寬度；通常是<1〇Mm. Such a narrow case is <100 μιη (micron) width; usually <1〇
空間（間隙）顯然不可能用灰泥或類似物來填充◊然而，一 種（液體）浸潰劑的使用，卻使得要填滿這個（或這些）空虛 的空間成為可能’並因此使得該兩部件彳以相互接合。 該空間可用含碳的浸潰劑來填充。這種浸潰劑可以是， 例如’出自由煤焦油瀝青、石油瀝青、祕樹脂所組成的 群組的一物質。 假如滑動板從壓床移離後即用這種物質來浸潰（使吸 飽）’且假如隨後將該平板用2 〇 〇。。到7 〇 〇。。間的溫度作回 火處理’該浸潰劑即變成焦炭而硬化，從而在環形嵌插件 與外包基體之間造成該所需的非正規的直接接合。該（等） 105100.doc 1272982 在兩組成件之間的間隙，即因此為碳的連續疊層所接合。 浸潰能予限制在上述欲插件與基體之間的變遷區。可 是，選用較大的浸潰區，大到整塊平板的浸潰，也是可能 的。 反/貝還有另外的好處，就是在平板全部浸潰區的緊張度 都被提昇，而且其滑動性質都有所改善。 /文/貝也可予最佳化，如果嵌插件和基體的材料，在浸潰 前具有一開放孔隙度（open porosity)是在於體積比5至2〇% 之間的話。通常，該基體的開放孔隙度要比嵌插件的為 大，因為嵌插件是一預形件，通常是一預先壓製成的零 件。 材料的選擇以及壓製技術可這樣方式選擇，介於嵌插件 與基體之間、待充的空間具有一 $7〇 μιη的寬度，例如， 在於20及70 μιη之間。這還可藉助選擇，例如，嵌插件與 基體的細粒化的大小程度來加以調整。 雖然，肷插件一般來說是作為一預先壓製成的零件使 用，但是，如果必要時，基體也能藉助鑄造技術來製造。 在個時候，該間隙通常多少要比較大些，以便介於嵌插 件與基底平板之間的空間（間隙）的寬度，在浸潰之前以及 平板乾燥之後，也能較大於前述的1 00 μιη。 至於其它方面，在關於材料選擇的工藝狀況中所陳述的 諸項特彳政’也可轉用於根據本發明的滑動板。因此，嵌插 件通吊會具有比該基體更大的耐磨性。因此，可以使用更 為經濟的材料品質來製作基體，這樣可以降低該滑動板的 105100.doc •10- 1272982 總價袼。 喪插件和基體’慣例上，是使用不同的耐磨陶瓷材料來 製作。 敗插件的適當材料，是一種以氧化錯（Zr〇2)為基礎的物 貝。以氧化鋁（Al2〇3)為基礎的物質，舉例來說，可用以製 作基體。 雖然滑動板可用不同的製程技術來製作，如在前面解釋 • 的，有一製程已經證明是有用的；在該製程中，將一用防 火陶瓷材料製作、預先壓製成的環形嵌插件，在一次壓製 過程中整合進一用防火陶瓷材料製作的基體中，然後從模 子中移出；對這樣製成的滑動板，隨後甩一浸潰劑來浸潰 其介於該嵌插件與基體之間的變遷區，然後作回火處理。 這一製程在以下的測試中接受檢測： 一用氧化鍅製作的、已經石灰化的環形嵌插件，藉氧化 鎮（Mg〇)獲得安定，擺置在一壓床模子中。該嵌插件隨後 φ 用一以氧化鋁為基礎的壓製質量加以包裹，該（用以製成 基體的）壓製質量的數量，須是能使該壓製質量擴展超出 該嵌插件的前表面到達一能使該基體的上前表面，在經過Space (gap) is obviously not possible to be filled with plaster or the like. However, the use of a (liquid) impregnant makes it possible to fill this (or these) empty spaces' and thus make the two parts彳 to join each other. This space can be filled with a carbon-containing impregnant. Such an impregnating agent may be, for example, a substance of a group consisting of free coal tar pitch, petroleum pitch, and secret resin. If the sliding plate is removed from the press, it is impregnated with this material (and saturated) and if the plate is subsequently 2 〇. . To 7 〇 〇. . The inter-temperature is tempered. The impregnating agent becomes coke and hardens, thereby creating the desired informal direct bond between the annular insert and the overwrapped substrate. The (etc.) 105100.doc 1272982 is joined by a gap between the two components, that is, a continuous stack of carbon. The impregnation can be limited to the transition zone between the plug and the substrate. However, it is also possible to use a larger impregnation zone, up to the impregnation of the entire plate. Another advantage of anti-bei is that the tension in the entire impregnation zone of the flat plate is improved and the sliding properties are improved. / Text / shell can also be optimized, if the material of the insert and the substrate, has an open porosity before the impregnation is between 5 and 2% by volume. Typically, the open porosity of the substrate is greater than that of the insert because the insert is a preform, typically a pre-compressed part. The choice of material and the pressing technique can be selected in such a way that between the insert and the substrate, the space to be filled has a width of $7 〇 μηη, for example between 20 and 70 μηη. This can also be adjusted by means of choice, for example, the degree of refinement of the insert and the matrix. Although the iridium insert is generally used as a pre-compressed part, the base can also be manufactured by casting techniques if necessary. At this time, the gap is usually somewhat larger so that the width (gap) between the insert and the base plate can be larger than the aforementioned 100 μm before the dipping and after the plate is dried. As for the other aspects, the various features stated in the process conditions regarding material selection can also be transferred to the sliding plate according to the present invention. Therefore, the insert can have a greater wear resistance than the base. Therefore, it is possible to use a more economical material quality to make the substrate, which can reduce the total price of the sliding plate by 105100.doc •10-1272982. The funeral inserts and substrates are conventionally made using different wear resistant ceramic materials. The appropriate material for the defeated insert is a material based on oxidative error (Zr〇2). A material based on alumina (Al2?3), for example, can be used to form a substrate. Although the sliding plate can be made by different process technologies, as explained in the previous section, a process has proven to be useful; in this process, a ring insert made of fire-retardant ceramic material and pre-compressed is pressed once. The process is integrated into a substrate made of fire-retardant ceramic material and then removed from the mold; the sliding plate thus formed is then impregnated with an impregnating agent to impregnate the transition zone between the insert and the substrate. Then tempered. This process was tested in the following tests: A limbed ring insert made of yttria, stabilized by oxidation town (Mg〇), placed in a press mold. The insert is then φ wrapped with an alumina-based press mass, and the amount of the press mass (to be made into the substrate) must be such that the press mass extends beyond the front surface of the insert to reach a level Making the upper front surface of the substrate
Ik後的壓製程序之後’是與該嵌插件的上前表面齊平的程 度。 將如此壓製所成的滑動板取出之後，在嵌插件與基體間 的變遷區的兩側邊上，用一種液體煤焦油瀝青浸潰數毫 米，然後在500T：作回火處理。 【實施方式】 105100.doc -11 - 1272982 、經焦煉過的煤焦油瀝 1和基體2的變遷區中偵 如附圖1所示，一大約5微米寬的 青層3可用顯微鏡在明顯的嵌插件 察得到。 5亥填充層在傲插件與外殼丨其_、 外八又（基體）之間成立一非正規的接 合。因此，該嵌插件得以安令而可土 1L β日土 “ 女王而可罪地關連該基體固定。 在一後來的實際測試中，該滑動 士 4 m也 必π動板聯合一有相同建構的閥 門板一起接受測試，以形成一晋 山 /月動閘門糸統。有六批不含After the pressing procedure after Ik' is the degree of being flush with the upper front surface of the insert. After the thus-pressed sliding plate was taken out, a few millimeters of liquid coal tar pitch was impregnated on both sides of the transition zone between the insert and the substrate, and then tempered at 500T: tempering. [Embodiment] 105100.doc -11 - 1272982, the recalculated coal tar leaching 1 and the transition zone of the substrate 2 are as shown in Fig. 1. A cyan layer 3 of about 5 micrometers wide can be seen by a microscope. The plugin is available. The 5-well fill layer establishes an informal connection between the proud plug-in and the outer shell, and the outer eight (base). Therefore, the insert can be ordered and the soil can be fixed. The queen is guilty of the fixation of the substrate. In a later actual test, the sliding 4 m must also be combined with the same construction. The valve plates are tested together to form a Jinshan/Monthly gate system. There are six batches without
嵌插件的鋼材加以鑄造，在嗜其 牡巧基體中喪失其非正規的接 合0 該經過改良的嵌插件在—滑動板中的岐方式是在下列 的測試中加以檢驗，如在圖2中所示。 π平板H)是放置在環圈12上’因而該嵌插件14並未停落在 %圈頂上。嵌插件14具有13〇 mm的外直徑、8〇職的中央 孔的内直控、及15 mm的厚度。該平板是在六個落定在一 假想圓上成等角度間隔的位置16上，從上方接受鑽孔，向 #下鑽到嵌插件14的表面14〇。此時，將含有六個對應的壓 力圓柱20的衝模18引入各鑽孔。在嵌插件被破壞或脫出平 板1 0的時候，量測當時的力量。 此項量測包含：對一滑動板⑻進行五次根據本發明設 計的測試，然後在50(rc作回火處理；對一具有相同的建 構而未作浸潰的滑動板（3)進行五次測試；然後決定各平 板的平均值。 關於S測定了一2土;！ kN(千牛頓）的值，而關於石則測定— m3 kN的值。 1 〇5 I〇〇.doc -12- 1272982 該嵌插件可在該滑動板的整個高度上擴展(垂直於兩主 表面）。然而，其亦可根據一對應的外圍基體的梯階形 狀，將該喪插環圈的外直徑製作成梯階狀。這樣的作法， 可產生一額外的機械可靠度，以致該環圈可安穩地停歇在 該基體的一對應的軸環上而不會在金屬熔液的流動方向上 鬆脫。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為一放大像片，顯示一在於一嵌插件與一對應的新 創滑動板基體之間的變遷區。 圖2以簡要圖顯示一測試裝備，用以建立一嵌插件在滑 動板内部的固定措施。 【主要元件符號說明】 ⑴，14, 14k 嵌插件 (2) 基體 (3) 空間 3 煤焦油遞青層 10 平板 12 環圈 14〇 表面 16 位置 18 衝模 20 壓力圓柱 ⑻，（S) 滑動板 105100.doc •13-The inlaid steel is cast and loses its irregular joint in the singular base. The modified insert is tested in the sliding plate as in the following test, as shown in Figure 2. Show. The π plate H) is placed on the ring 12' so that the insert 14 does not land on the top of the % ring. The insert 14 has an outer diameter of 13 mm, an internal direct control of the center hole of 8 〇, and a thickness of 15 mm. The slab is drilled from above at six locations 16 which are positioned at equal angular intervals on an imaginary circle and drilled down to the surface 14 of the insert 14. At this time, a die 18 containing six corresponding pressure cylinders 20 is introduced into each of the bores. When the insert is broken or pulled out of the flat plate 10, the force at that time is measured. The measurement includes: performing five tests on a sliding plate (8) according to the present invention, and then performing tempering at 50 (rc; performing a five-sliding plate (3) having the same construction without being immersed. The second test; then determine the average value of each plate. About S measured a 2 soil; ! kN (kilton Newton) value, and stone measured - m3 kN value. 1 〇 5 I〇〇.doc -12- 1272982 The insert can be extended over the entire height of the sliding plate (perpendicular to the two main surfaces). However, it can also be formed into a ladder according to the step shape of a corresponding peripheral substrate. In this way, an additional mechanical reliability can be generated so that the ring can rest securely on a corresponding collar of the base without loosening in the direction of flow of the molten metal. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is an enlarged image showing a transition zone between an insert and a corresponding new sliding plate base. Figure 2 shows a test device in a schematic view for creating an insert. Fixing measures inside the sliding plate. [Main component Description] (1),14, 14k Insert (2) Base (3) Space 3 Coal Tar Greening Layer 10 Plate 12 Ring 14〇 Surface 16 Position 18 Die 20 Pressure Cylinder (8), (S) Sliding Plate 105100.doc •13 -