TWI248024B - Multi-key booting system and method in an environment with multiple operation systems - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-key booting system and method in an environment with multiple operation systems contain a booting key logic unit, an EC chip and a RAM thereof, a look-up module, and a loading module. First, provide plural booting keys connected with the EC chip, and customize plural MBRs. Then, detect the corresponding electrical signal change of the EC chip resulted from pushing a specific key, and write the corresponding identification information into the RAM of the EC chip. Next seek and load in the corresponding MBR according to the identification information. Finally, boot the corresponding operation system according to the loaded MBR. The present invention can reduce the occupation of system resources, elevate the booting speed, and reduce user's interference with system.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a booting system and method for a computer operating system, and more particularly to a multi-boot button guiding system and method for a computer having multiple operating systems. [Prior Art] The process of starting a computer and loading the operating system is usually called ''bootstrap process' or simply ''booting'. The startup process of different operating systems is different, please refer to Figure 1, for W i η 9 X / D 0 S start-up flow diagram, in the first stage, the system power-on self-test POST process (step 101), POST is the abbreviation of Power On Self Test, that is, the meaning of power-on self-test, microcomputer Execute the program at memory FFFF 0 H (here is a solidified ROM program) to check the hardware (including memory) of the system; the second stage, read the partition record and boot record (step 1 〇 2) 〇 When the microcomputer checks that the hardware is normal and matches the CMOS settings, it starts from the corresponding device according to the CMOS settings (here, it is assumed to boot from the hard disk), and reads the partition record (DPT) and the master boot record (MBR) of the hard disk; Stage, read the DOS boot record (step 1 〇 3). After the microcomputer reads the partition record and the master boot record correctly, if the master boot record and the partition table check are correct, execute the master boot record and Read the D〇s boot record in one step (located in the first magnetic area of each primary partition), and then execute the D°〇s guide and guide the redundancy; In the fourth stage, load the system hidden file (step 1〇4) Put the hidden file of D〇s Li Tong into the memory and load the basic file system',

1248024 V. Invention description (2) " FAT will appear as the starting state of Starting Windows 9x.] 10 SYS reads MS. SYS into memory and processes system, dat and

User.dat file, load the disk compression program; Stage 5 'real D0^ configuration (step 1 05). The system implicit file loading is completed [the microcomputer will execute the system implicit file and execute the system configuration file (Config.sys) 'planted into the various drivers defined in c〇nfig SyS; the /, p white #又' call command Interpretation program (c〇mmand com) (step Π), 'production system command management program, in order to perform various operations on the system π: coordinated management (we use internal commands such as D丨, c〇py, etc.)疋 Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Command Wl.C〇m is loaded (step 108). Win.cora is responsible for starting this. The function and startup executable file are executed. After the user passes, the hard disk is reset and should be started according to the hard drive. Boot from a floppy disk, hard drive or CD player. In the state guide: rBR, then check the partition table, the boot path i to the active partition, ϊ 导 guide 2, the boot record will transfer control, side 0, =.f 'Track his face 1 magnetic zone (... "Quiet') including the hard disk master boot record MBR (Main

1248024 V. Description of invention (3)

Boot Record) and the partition table DPT (Disk Partition Table), the size is 512 bytes, of which 〇1? 446 bytes (0 0 0 0[1--01601〇, 0? 64-bit tuple (〇 16£--01卩1)), the end mark is 2 bytes (55 AA). The role of the master boot record is to check that the partition table is correct and to determine which partition is the boot partition, and at the end of the program, the partition's boot program (such as DOS's 10 SYS) is transferred to the memory for control. The partition table starts with 80H or 00H and ends with 55AAH. A total of 64 bytes are located at the end of the magnetic zone. The main boot magnetic domain structure is as follows: 0 0 0H--08AH MBR startup program (look for boot partition) 08BH--0D9H MBM dynamic string 0DAH--1BCH reserved (π 0'1) 1ΒΕΗ--1FDH hard disk partition table 1FEH- -1FFH End Flag (55ΑΑ) Hard Disk Partition Table? 1\Total 64-bit tuples (016£_-01?〇), each partition occupies 16 bytes, so it can represent four partitions, which also That is why there are only four reasons for the sum of the primary and extended partitions of a disk. The internal structure of each partition is defined as shown in the following table.

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1248024 V. Description of invention (4)

The operating system boot sector 0BR is located on the hard disk's 〇 track 1 cylinder 1 magnetic area of the first magnetic area of the extended partition that is booted in multiple boot mode), is OS Boot Record (this is for DOS) In other words, the first one is directly accessible to the corresponding primary partition/expansion system.

Offset Length(bytes) 1 ) Q v· l ΤΛ Ten 1 〇n Oh 1 -—---------- Cb u I 1 p L 丄U li t Area type: 〇〇 indicates inactive partition' 80 represents the active partition; other invalid partitions. Lh 3 The starting address of the partition (face/magnetic area/track), usually the starting address of the first partition starts at 1 side 0 track 1 magnetic area 'so these three bytes should be ~_ 010100 〇 Type of operating system 4h 1 _ 5h 3 End address (face/fan/lane) 8h 4 _ Partition start logical magnetic area and total magnetic area occupied by Ch - 4 __^ area (3⁄43⁄4

The magnetic zone, which also includes a bootloader and a partition parameter record table called BPB (BIOS Parameter Block). In fact, each logical partition has a 0BR, and its parameters vary depending on the size of the partition and the type of the operating system. The main task of the boot program is to determine whether the first two files in the root directory of the partition are the boot files of the operating system (for example, MSD0S or 10.SY% MSDOS·SYS of Win9x/Me originating from MSD0S). If so,

1248024 V. INSTRUCTIONS (5) Read the first document into memory and give control to the file. The BPB parameter block records the starting magnetic area, the ending magnetic area, the file storage format, the hard disk medium descriptor, the root directory size, the number of fats, and the allocation unit (A1 location Uni t, formerly referred to as a cluster) of the partition. Important parameters such as size. 0BR is generated by advanced formatting programs (such as DOS Format.com). On the other hand, the existing computer operating system functions have gone far beyond the concept itself. It has become a hodgepodge, combining many modules, components, Apps and more. The inevitable result of powerful function is that the pertinence is not strong and the efficiency is reduced. No matter what work is to be done, the entire operating system must be started each time. Relatively, ^ β ^ , household / t occupy 糸 green owe, shop "On the w, the startup speed will slow down, the power consumption will increase by 0, and the system source will increase relative to the law. If it is opened for a certain one, the burden will increase and the needle ff is long # Α π ' The whole service is vulnerable to attack and the normal work of the pigs for various functions. For the software that uses Lu, the text is shy, otherwise there is no need for a certain computer professional knowledge, it is necessary to control the entire operating system. This is from the use of the operating system in the promotion. Smell out, for example, even if the time required by the user's corpse can be clearly seen still through the re 4 = want to open the computer to watch movies, listen to music, but multi-functional It is the user who can't wait for the system to start, and the loaded version is for the above problem. The more common solution for the S' program to boot multiple purples is to use the bootloader to turn on the power, in the program ^, First, also That is to say, through a boot-down selection interface, in the process of using the guide, a multi-operation system user selection option is displayed to support the multi-start function, and the development is 1248024. 5. The invention description (6) The workload of the personnel is only concentrated. In the customization of specific function operating systems, related components and applications, the operating system can be made more specialized and specific for specific functions. In fact, this is the two directions of the development of the operating system, focusing on breadth and depth. In the above multi-boot mode, it still has to wait for a certain amount of time before the selection interface appears. For the user, it is still not possible to directly reach the required operating system, and must be selected to start the required function, thus, although customized The operating system, but the speed of the system startup is actually improved, and the steps of manual intervention are introduced, which limits the operating efficiency, increases the difficulty of use and the probability of error. The present invention provides a solution to the above problems. Multi-key guidance system and method for multiple operating systems, by pressing The specific operating system is activated by a specific boot button to reduce the occupation of system resources, increase the startup speed, and reduce the user's intervention in the system. The present invention provides a multi-key guidance system for multiple operating systems, which is pressed by setting a plurality of power-on buttons. Different buttons load different custom MBRs (main boot records) to guide different operating systems. The boot system includes: a power-on button logic unit for providing a plurality of power-on buttons and generating corresponding electrical signals after a button is pressed. The EC chip and its RAM are connected to the logic unit for responding to the electrical signal to generate corresponding interrupt processing, and corresponding identification information is written in the EC RAM for different power-on buttons; the query module is configured to The identification information in the EC RAM is searched for a corresponding customized MBR; a loading module is configured to load the corresponding MBR according to the query condition.

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V. INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION (7) The present invention further provides a multi-key guidance system for a multi-operation system, which guides different operating systems by setting a plurality of power-on buttons and pressing different buttons to load different custom MBRs (master boot records). The boot method first & 仏 个 a boot button and connected to the E c chip, and correspondingly customize a plurality of MBR according to the number of palm systems, and then detect the EC 仏 仏 引起 caused by pressing a specific button Correspondingly changing, writing corresponding identification information in the wafer RAM according to the electrical signal, and then searching for the corresponding customized MBR according to the identification information, loading the corresponding MBR according to the query condition, and finally guiding according to the loaded MBR Operating system.

The invention sets a specific button for a specific function, and the fool is used to quickly and conveniently select the user, and the operating system is customized for a specific function, the startup speed is small, the system resources are small, the power consumption is reduced, and the service range and security are -3 ijk * 散It is arbitrarily controlled in the operating system, reducing the user's security of the system and increasing the chance of attack. [Embodiment] Second, after turning on the computer power, the cpu gains control. CM immediately, the Lord L, the storage of the Lux, the basics of the reverse, the Β I OS ( Bas i c I nput Output System

^^ t Output system) instructions. In the last part of the BI OS command, ^ 7 starts the routine. The task of this routine is to read the master boot record (MBR) located in the first hard, containing the solid magnetic region. In the master boot record table. L main bow guide and disk partition describing the partition of the disk lead i / line master boot program to continue the boot process. The main lead is the knives table to get the active partition. If there is only one, then the operating system of the partition will be loaded and started.

1248024 V. Description of the invention (8) If a hard disk contains multiple primary partitions, the first partition of each bootable partition (for example, each partition contains an operating system) contains its own boot. Boot record. This boot record contains the launcher that starts the operating system in the partition. After the active partition is queried, the master boot record runs the boot program for the partition. The bootloader loads the operating system files and runs the operating system. Most operating systems, including DOS, Windows 3.x, Windows 95/98, and Windows NT, need to be booted from the ^ active partition when booting from a hard drive. However, different operating systems start up in different ways in the _ partition, for example:

DOS, Window3.x, and Windows 95/98 must be started from the active partition on the __ stone%. μ

Windows NT can boot from a logical partition, but it boots. Must be placed on the active partition of the first hard drive. OS/2 can be started from a logical partition. However, the logical partition and the extended partition must be within the first 2 GB of the hard disk. θ a #

Linux can be started from a logical partition or from the main. The knife area is up. It is worth noting that the MBR is a partitioning program (such as DQg

The different operating systems generated by Fdisk. exe may have the same magnetic domain b, and can be freely written by the user, as long as it can complete the front and the end, which is why the multi-system startup can be realized. Anyway, it must be executed until the MBR is loaded, the user can choose the method that supports the multiple startups, and the MBR is customized. The existing one is

1248024 V. Description of invention (9) The operating system to be loaded. In response to this situation, the present invention proposes a multi-key guidance method in which different operating systems are opened by using different keys of a plurality of power-on buttons. As shown in FIG. 2, the 'multi-key boot system architecture diagram of the multiple operating system of the present invention' includes: CPU 203, chipset 2 0, system RA Μ 2 0 3, BIOS 204, query module 2041. The loading module 2042, the EC chip 205, the EC wafer RAM 20 6 and the power-on button logic unit 207. The power-on button logic unit 207 is configured to provide a plurality of power-on buttons and generate a corresponding electrical signal after a button is pressed. The EC chip 205 and its RAM 205 are connected to the logic unit 207 to respond. Corresponding interrupt processing is generated by the electrical signal, and corresponding identification information is written in the EC RAM 206 for different power-on buttons. The query module 204 1 is configured to find a corresponding customized MBR according to the identification information in the EC RAM. The input module 2 0 4 2 is used to load the corresponding MBR according to the query condition. The multi-button logic unit 207 includes a plurality of power-on buttons, each of which is associated with a particular operating system. Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a flowchart of a multi-key guiding method for a multiple operating system according to the present invention. First, a plurality of power-on buttons are provided and connected to a "wafer (step 301), and a plurality of MBRs are customized according to the number of operating systems. 3 0 2), so that it can detect the corresponding change of the ^ crystal = electrical signal caused by pressing a specific button (step 3 〇 3), according to the electrical signal, write corresponding identification information in the Ec wafer RAM ( Step 3〇4), and then searching for the customized MBR corresponding thereto according to the identification information (step 3〇5), loading the corresponding MBR according to the query condition (step 3〇6), and finally loading according to the

Page 13 1248024 V. INSTRUCTIONS (10) The MBR guides the corresponding operating system (steps 3〇7).

The key technical aspect of implementing the present invention is the boot process, which is how to distinguish different hardware signals to guide the corresponding operating system. This is because, when the computer is powered up, the Fi reware code in the Embedded Chip EC of the 805 core is initialized without starting the system. This is the distinction between multiple boot buttons. The necessary conditions are provided. The EC has multiple 〇?1〇(〇61^1^卜卩11.03 6 1111)111;/〇111:1)1^, general-purpose input and output), the function can be defined by the designer, and the effective GPI input will be Causes an EC interrupt' The corresponding interrupt service routine is loaded. The existing BIOS directly loads the MBR of the main boot sector into the memory 0·· 7 C 0 0 通过 by interrupting 19H, and the present invention is obviously insufficient if only one original MBR is used. The operating system corresponds to a separate MBR. As shown in FIG. 4, it is a schematic diagram of the MBR process of the present invention. When the BIOS is to be loaded into the MBR, the process of determining one step is more than the original. It is loaded according to the identifier value written by the EC Firmware into the RAM. Custom master boot record. The customized operating system and its master boot record are distinguished by digits i, 2, and 3, respectively. Assuming that the identification values of the three operating systems are also 1, 2, and 3, respectively, when the input identification value is 2, the BIOS loads MBR2 to determine whether it exists. If it exists, the DPT is attached to it and then boots 0S2; Does not exist, the MBR and DPT will be loaded for protection purposes, and the user selects the boot OS in the original mode. The method of judging whether a customized master boot record exists or not can be achieved by previously writing a unique identification string at a specific location of the customized master boot record and then comparing it. For example, you can add "game" to the master boot record corresponding to the Game Station's operating system.

Page 14 1248024 V. INSTRUCTIONS (11) String 'After searching for this string, it is known whether the MBR exists. Therefore, the present invention firstly needs to increase the position of the power-on button and the corresponding circuit of the plurality of specific functions in the mechanism portion, and connect the button signal to the corresponding EC GPI in the hardware portion, so that the Ec obtains the corresponding power-on signal. 5 Then modify the EC Firmware program, in the interrupt service program pin = the same power button to write the corresponding identification information in the EC's RAM, to travel in step I. The identification value should be agreed in advance, and the only identification value corresponds to the unique specific function, that is, the unique power-on button. The EC 丄 丄 程式 program should also be modified. After the power-on self-test, according to the (10) power-on button marking information to determine the power-on button used, J:, the corresponding master boot record. Judging from non-Zone 2 = "If the main boot record exists, then the user in the _ is recorded, the user of the job should be selected;; the protective measures under the circumstance. 疋 (4) The os error for the specific function os , also to customize the MBR main 骞 彼 彼 彼 彼 彼 彼 彼 彼 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 彼 彼 彼 彼 彼 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 彼 4 4 4 4 4 4 彼 4 4 彼 4 No need to record K, the size is... Although, the operating system kernel, the module and the combination of the adjustments, so that the 2 & ι? layer application also needs to do the press... when booting, causing the connection with it: Figure, when the specific ~M Pin electrical signal becomes 1248024 V. Invention description (12)

Trigger the corresponding interrupt (step 501), the EC Firmware interrupt service mode assigns the identification word (located in the EC RAM), each specific button corresponds to a unique identification value (step 502), and the BIO S is in P〇ST (Power 0N).

Self-test) After the process is completed, the customized master boot record of the non-MBR area is transferred according to the identification value in the EC RAM, which resides in a specific location of the hard disk (such as the undefined part of the operating system other than the MBR of the first magnetic switch). (Step = 3), and then judge whether the custom master boot record exists (step 'If it does not exist, read the data in MBR and DPT (step 5〇〇, : bow! ΐ i: hard disk partition in m magnetic area) The table information is attached to the customized record and: disc ϊΐ 弓 bow 25°6), and finally according to the current master guide::: Guide the operating system (step 50 非. Not used to limit i ί: jt ?: the preferred implementation For example, the equivalent change of π H: dry circumference, that is, the change and modification of patent application 4 according to this creation is covered by the scope of the original creation patent.

Page 16 1248024 Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the startup process of Win9x/D0S; Figure 2 is a multi-key guidance system architecture diagram of the multiple operating system of the present invention; Figure 3 is a multi-operational system of the present invention. The key guiding method flowchart is shown in FIG. 4; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the loading MBR process of the present invention; and FIG. 5 is a functional implementation flowchart of the present invention. [schema description] 201 CPU 2 0 2 chipset

2 0 3 system RAM

204 BIOS 2 04 1 Query Module 2 0 42 Load Module 205 EC Chip

206 EC chip RAM 2 0 7 Power button logic unit

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Claims (1)

1248024 VI. Patent Application Scope 1. A multi-key guidance system for multiple operating systems, which guides different operating systems by setting multiple boot buttons and pressing different buttons to load different custom MBRs (master boot records). The system comprises: a power-on button logic unit for providing a plurality of power-on buttons and generating a corresponding electrical signal after a button is pressed; an EC chip and its RAM are connected to the logic unit for generating an electrical signal Corresponding interrupt processing, and writing corresponding identification information in the EC RAM for different power-on buttons; a query module for finding a corresponding customized MBR according to the identification information in the EC RAM; and a loading module, Used to load the corresponding MBR according to the query. 2. The multi-key guidance system of the multiple operating system of claim 1, wherein the multi-button logic unit comprises a plurality of power-on buttons, each of which is corresponding to a specific operating system. 3. The multi-key guidance system of the multiple operating system described in claim 1, wherein the identification information uniquely corresponds to a certain power-on button. 4. The multi-key guidance system of the multiple operating system of claim 1, wherein the unique identification information string is included in the customized MBR corresponding to the unique identification information. 5, a multi-key system multi-key guidance method, by setting a plurality of boot buttons, press different buttons to load different custom MBR (master boot record) to guide different operating systems, the boot method includes: providing multiple Boot button and connect with EC chip; customize multiple MBR according to the number of operating systems; Page 18 1248024 VI. The patent application scope detects the corresponding change of the EC chip electrical signal caused by pressing a specific button; according to the electrical signal, the corresponding identification information is written in the EC wafer RAM; Corresponding custom MBR; load corresponding Μ BR according to the query condition; and guide the corresponding operating system according to the loaded MBR. 6. The multi-key guiding method of the multiple operating system described in claim 5, wherein each of the power-on buttons corresponds to unique identification information. 7. The multi-key boot method of the multiple operating system of claim 5, wherein the plurality of custom MBRs reside in advance at a specific location of the hard disk. 8. The multi-key guiding method of the multiple operating system according to claim 5, wherein the step of querying the corresponding MBR is to obtain whether the corresponding MBR exists by querying the unique identification information in each customized MBR. . 9. The multi-key guiding method of the multiple operating system described in claim 5, wherein the step of loading the corresponding MBR according to the query condition, if the corresponding Μ BR ' is found, attaching the disk partition table to the customization Μ BR to guide the corresponding operating system. 1 〇, as in the multi-key guidance method of the multiple operating system described in claim 5, wherein the step of loading the corresponding MBR according to the query condition, if the corresponding MBR is not found, loading the main boot magnetic domain data. Page 19