1235012 A7 B7 五、發明説明（）] 本發明係關於顯示裝置，且特別關於其顯示品質的改 良。本發明亦關於一種方法及一種電子設備。 本發明有關之顯示裝置的一實例爲有機電致發光顯示 裝置。有機電發光裝置（〇ELD，〇rganic electroluminescent device)包含有機發光材料層（主動層 )，該主動層通常爲發光聚合物，並夾合於用以將電流穿 經主動材料的二電極間。該裝置實質上作爲二極體，且發 光強度爲所施加之順向偏電流的函數。該裝置極適合於顯 示面板之製造。 顯示面板的基本要求爲顯示極佳品質圖案影像的能力 。此係取決於個別圖素產生亮度範圍的能力。影像品質隨 灰階數增加而改良。習知使用的標準爲3x 8位元色，相當 於每色有256灰階。此標準使用於許多目前的應用中。 以類比驅動電路產生灰階的各種方法已被提出以用於 0ELD顯示。習知技術係以壓敏電流驅動0ELD，且此已得 以執行主動矩陣〇ELD顯示。一典型的配置係舉例於第1圖 〇 如第1圖所示，當選擇電晶體1時（以電壓VsH)，該 電晶體T!接通，且資料電壓（Vdat)傳遞至電晶體T2的閘 極。假設T2在飽和區施加偏壓，則資料電壓Vw會轉換爲 電流，此將驅動0ELD至所需的亮度。 然而，電晶體閥電壓的變化爲上述顯示面板實際執行 時極.重要的問題。另一個重要的問題爲這些電路的高電源 消耗。 本紙張尺度適用中.國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） —---------裝-- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -4 - 1235012 A7 B7 五、發明説明（i (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 提供灰階的另一方法爲使用各圖素被分爲多數個子圖 素的區域抖動顯示技術，較佳方式爲以二進制加權區域分 區。各子圖素被驅動爲全開或全關。因此，可使用數位驅 動器並降低電源消耗。然而，此技術的缺點爲：面板尺寸 增加（因爲各圖素爲多數個子圖素所取代，且在該限制下 ，各子圖素尺寸與習知圖素相同），以及所需要的訊號線 數目大幅增加（因爲需要將各子圖素定址）。 根據此背景，本發明之目的在於提供一種具有極佳灰 階性能的顯示裝置，其可減輕上述的缺點。 根據本發明，所提供爲一種包含有驅動器電路的顯示 裝置，該驅動器電路可調制在圖幀週期時，圖素爲工作期 間之工作週期。 因此，本發明提供圖素工作期間的脈寬調制，以及在 調制發射光強度時，人眼控收此之整合功能，期間的調制 係與習知的亮度控制（亦即所供應之電流的瞬間振幅控制 )有很大不同。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本發明的實施例現將以更多實例並參考附圖而更詳細 地說明，其中： 第1圖爲OELD顯示面板中之習知圖素層級驅動器的電 路圖； 第2圖爲根據本發明之一實施例之OELD顯示面板中的 圖素層級驅動器的電路圖； 第3圖舉例說明第2圖之電路中所示的比較器執行的詳 細電路圖及操作波形； 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -5- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1235012 A7 B7 五、發明説明（> 18 CMOS反相器 20 電晶體 21 電晶體 22 電晶體 23 電晶體 24 電晶體 25 電晶體 26 電晶體 30 波形產生器 32 資料驅動器 34 列驅動器 36 均一增益緩衝器 100 顯示面板 1100 個人電腦 1102 鍵盤 1 104 本體 1 200 可攜式電話 1 202 操作鍵 1 204 聽筒 1 206話筒 1 300 數位靜態相機 1 302 外殻 1 304 光接收單元 1 308 電路板 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)1235012 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ()] The present invention relates to display devices, and in particular, to improvements in display quality. The invention also relates to a method and an electronic device. An example of a display device related to the present invention is an organic electroluminescence display device. An organic electroluminescent device (〇ELD, 〇rganic electroluminescent device) includes an organic light emitting material layer (active layer). The active layer is usually a light-emitting polymer and is sandwiched between two electrodes for passing a current through the active material. The device is essentially a diode, and the light intensity is a function of the applied forward bias current. This device is very suitable for the manufacture of display panels. The basic requirement of a display panel is the ability to display a pattern image of excellent quality. This depends on the ability of individual pixels to produce a range of brightness. The image quality improves as the number of gray levels increases. The standard used is 3x 8-bit color, which is equivalent to 256 gray levels per color. This standard is used in many current applications. Various methods for generating gray levels by analog driving circuits have been proposed for OELD display. The conventional technique is to drive 0ELD with a varistor current, and this has been able to perform active matrix 0ELD display. A typical configuration is shown in Figure 1. As shown in Figure 1, when transistor 1 is selected (with voltage VsH), the transistor T! Is turned on and the data voltage (Vdat) is transmitted to transistor T2. Gate. Assuming T2 is biased in the saturation region, the data voltage Vw will be converted into a current, which will drive 0ELD to the desired brightness. However, the change in the voltage of the transistor is an extremely important issue when the above display panel is actually implemented. Another important issue is the high power consumption of these circuits. The size of this paper is applicable. National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297mm) —--------- Installation— (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order the wisdom of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumer Affairs Cooperative of the Property Bureau-4-1235012 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (i (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Another way to provide grayscale is to use each pixel to be divided into a number of sub-pictures The region dithering display technology of the prime is preferably partitioned by binary weighted regions. Each sub-pixel is driven fully on or off. Therefore, a digital driver can be used and power consumption is reduced. However, the disadvantage of this technology is: panel size Increase (because each pixel is replaced by a majority of sub-pixels, and under this limit, the size of each sub-pixel is the same as the conventional pixel), and the number of signal lines required is greatly increased (because each sub-pixel needs to be replaced Addressing). Based on this background, an object of the present invention is to provide a display device with excellent grayscale performance, which can alleviate the above-mentioned disadvantages. According to the present invention, a display device including a driver circuit is provided. In the display device, the driver circuit can modulate the working period of the pixel during the frame period of the picture. Therefore, the present invention provides pulse width modulation during the operation of the pixel, and when the intensity of the emitted light is modulated, the human eye can control this. The integrated function during the modulation is very different from the conventional brightness control (that is, the instantaneous amplitude control of the supplied current). The embodiment of the present invention printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs will now be modified. Multiple examples are described in more detail with reference to the drawings, wherein: FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional pixel-level driver in an OELD display panel; FIG. 2 is a diagram in an OELD display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention The circuit diagram of the element-level driver; Figure 3 illustrates the detailed circuit diagram and operating waveforms of the comparator shown in the circuit of Figure 2; This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm)- 5- Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 1235012 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (> 18 CMOS inverter 20 transistor 21 transistor 22 transistor 23 Transistor 24 Transistor 25 Transistor 26 Transistor 30 Waveform Generator 32 Data Driver 34 Column Driver 36 Uniform Gain Buffer 100 Display Panel 1100 Personal Computer 1102 Keyboard 1 104 Body 1 200 Portable Phone 1 202 Operation Key 1 204 Earpiece 1 206 microphone 1 300 digital still camera 1 302 housing 1 304 light receiving unit 1 308 circuit board This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page)
-7- 1235012 A7 B7 五、發明説明（k (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1312 視訊輸出端 1314 輸入/輸出端 1430 電視監視器 1440 個人電腦 首先將說明根據本發明之一實施例的圖素層級結構。 因此，第2圖爲主動矩陣OELD顯示面板中之個別圖素10的 電路圖。該電路係使用多晶矽TFT元件完成，並包含有一 個MOS輸入比較器12及二個通閘3界1與SW2。通閘的使用係 避免所謂的”饋入"，亦即與其他電路電壓耦合。比較器1 2 的反相輸入（+ )連接至波形源Vsaw。非反相輸入（-)接至儲存 電容器Cl與通閘SWl。通閘SWl爲波形VsH所控制。比較器 的輸出連接至通閘SWa。通閘SW2控制流入有機發光元件 14的電流。藉由施加一時變訊號至Vsaw，則發光元件14係 根據資料電壓Vdat的數値而被接通一段期間，相較於電容 器（^與比較器12，該資料電壓Vdat被施加於通閘SW!的的另 一端。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 在行式驅動模式中，V s e 1會設定同列上之圖素元件的 通閘SW!狀態。當通閘SWi接通時，資料電壓¥^會傳遞至 比較器12的反相輸入與電容器C!。其次，當通閘SWi斷路 時，該資料電壓爲電容器C!所記憶。波形Vsaw接著被啓動 。當比較器12的反相輸入電壓V +小於其非反相輸入電壓V-時，比較器會輸出一 LO訊號，而使發光元件14處於工作 期間。當比較器12的反相輸入電壓V +大於其非反相輸入電 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -8 - 1235012 A 7 B7 五、發明説明（_ 壓V.時，比較器會輸出一hi訊號，而使發光元件14處於關 閉狀態。所以電容器C!儲存的資料電壓會調制發光元件14 在圖幀週期保持於工作期間的持續時間。 該圖幀週期通常爲20 mS，而發光元件14的響應時間 爲奈秒級，所以多晶矽TFT的速度與雜散電容在驅動模式 的操作中變爲限制因子。亦即，可獲得極爲有效的切換。 在第2圖所舉例說明的電路中，一共用的操作電壓 V〇ELD係用於所有相同類型的OELD圖素。該電壓VoEUD係置 於外部，並與驅動電路的供應電壓VDD無關。此明顯地增 加控制0ELD偏壓條件的靈活性。 現將說明使用於第2圖之電路中之比較器1 2實際執行 時的詳細考量。 因爲一個別的比較器係設於各圖素，所以應盡量維持 低的比較器電路面積與電源消耗。此外，爲獲得高灰階數 ，比較器必須可分辨輸入電壓的微小差異。例如，若希冀 以0V至5 V的電壓擺動執行25 6灰階，則顯然△ V = 19.5 mV 級爲適當的。因此，雖然切換必須極爲快速，但由先前討 論得知，其完全位於所述電路的能力範圍內。 第2圖之比較器1 2執行的詳細電路圖係舉例說明於第3 圖中。第3圖的電路包含有二階段：一 CMOS差動放大器16 與一 CMOS反相器18。該CMOS反相器18極快速地將通閘 SW2全開或全關。爲電平位移（level shifting)的目的， 反相器階段1 8的電源供應可異於差動階段1 6。 差動階段1 6包含有在V〇D軌與接地間連接之電晶體20, 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210x 297公釐） I---------批衣—— (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、11 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -9- 1235012 A7 B7 五、發明説明（i (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 21與23的汲極-源極串聯電路，以及電晶體20, 22與24的相 似連接電路，其中電晶體22, 24係與電晶體21，23並聯。 電晶體21與22的閘極分別提供比較器12的二個輸入端（ + )， (-)，而電晶體20的閘極則接收偏壓Vbus。輸出階段18包含 二個電晶體25與26，其係於VDD軌與接地間源極-汲極串聯 。比較器的輸出出自電晶體25與26間的連接處，而其 .閘極則接收來自電晶體21與23接面的輸入。 第3圖舉例說明的電路係使用七個TFT。SW!與SW2* 別使用一 TFT將使每個圖素的TFT總數變爲九個。 現將說明整合有上述實施例之圖素層級電路之顯示面 板的各種觀點。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 第4A以及第4B圖舉例說明可用於第2圖之電路的波形 。包含二個圖式4A與4B，其中波形Vsean，Vsaw與V〇ut爲所示 。V…爲施加於OELD的驅動脈衝。第4A與4B圖的差異在於 Vsaw的波形。在第4A圖中，Vsaw波形爲鋸齒形；而在第4B 圖中，Vsaw波形爲三角形。使用第4A圖的鋸齒波形，則輸 ^出脈衝總在各框開始時啓動。因此，第4 A圖的鋸齒波形 提供線性灰階，因爲其提供眼睛開始整合各框的參考時間 點。對於第4B圖的三角波形而言，輸出脈衝的中心總發 生於半週期。 基本上，矩陣同列中的所有圖素共用相同的驅動波形 ’ 6亥驅動波形以V s a w / τη標不’其中1T1代表所考量的矩陣第m 列。當諸列依序定址時，次列的驅動波形（以Vsaw/m + !標 示）應加入遲滯或相位移，其中爲圖幀週期 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -10- 1235012 A7 __ B7 五、發明説明（3 而Μ爲矩陣中的總列數。因此，若該顯示由外部驅動，則 總共需要Μ個互連。此可能爲高解析度顯示器的一個問題 。因此，根據本發明之一實施例，所提供爲一種整合波形 產生器，藉此可減少所需的互連數。 第5圖爲舉例說明整合波形產生器之使用的電路圖。 波形產生器30接收個別的主電壓與參考電壓輸入Vmas…與 Vw。波形產生器30亦接收來自Vsean/m的輸入。產生器輸出 Vsaw/m被施力口於一特定矩陣歹！J中的所有圖素10。 然而，理論上產生器的功能係將具有單一相位移的相 同波形提供於各列的圖素元件。當整個顯示面板上的TFT 空間變化納入考量時，該精確定時與資料電壓的關係變爲 主要的挑戰。然而，此問題可藉由提供主時脈Vmas^與參 考電壓源Vs_，以確保來自所有波形產生器的輸出皆相同 (除了相位移不同）而得到解決。 波形產生器應同步於Vsean/m，因而Vuan/m可作用爲觸發 〇 由前揭說明，一般的同步驅動模式係舉例於第6圖。 以二列及二欄的圖素爲例。如代表紅色、綠色與藍色的R， G，B所示，各圖素中的發光元件可被設計以發出不同顏色 的光，因而執行全彩顯示。圖素爲資料驅動器32與列驅動 器34所驅動。個別的波形產生器WG設於各列，且所施加 的訊號示於第6圖中。各波形產生器同步於掃描線訊號， 且最小的操作頻率等於框速率。 該顯示亦可非同步驅動。非同步驅動模式示於第7圖 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ 297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁}-7- 1235012 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (k (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 1312 video output terminal 1314 input / output terminal 1430 television monitor 1440 personal computer will first explain the implementation according to one of the invention Example pixel hierarchy structure. Therefore, Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of individual pixel 10 in an active matrix OELD display panel. This circuit is completed using a polycrystalline silicon TFT element and includes a MOS input comparator 12 and two gates 3 boundary 1 and SW2. The use of the switch is to avoid the so-called "feedback", that is, voltage coupling with other circuits. The inverting input (+) of comparator 1 2 is connected to the waveform source Vsaw. The non-inverting input ( -) Connect to the storage capacitor C1 and the gate SW1. The gate SW1 is controlled by the waveform VsH. The output of the comparator is connected to the gate SWa. The gate SW2 controls the current flowing into the organic light emitting element 14. By applying a time-varying signal to Vsaw, the light-emitting element 14 is turned on for a period of time according to the data voltage Vdat. Compared with the capacitor (^ and the comparator 12, the data voltage Vdat is applied to the other end of the SW SW !. Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Intellectual Property Cooperative Employee Cooperative in the line drive mode, V se 1 will set the SW! State of the pixel elements on the same row. When the SWi is turned on, the data voltage ¥ ^ will be passed to the comparator The inverting input of 12 and capacitor C !. Secondly, when the switch SWi is open, the data voltage is memorized by capacitor C !. The waveform Vsaw is then activated. When the inverting input voltage V + of comparator 12 is less than its non-inverting When the phase input voltage V-, the comparator will output a LO signal, so that the light-emitting element 14 is in the working period. When the inverting input voltage V + of the comparator 12 is greater than its non-inverting input voltage, the paper size applies Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -8-1235012 A 7 B7 V. Description of the invention (_ When V. is pressed, the comparator will output a hi signal to make the light-emitting element 14 in the off state. So capacitor C! The data voltage will modulate the duration of the light-emitting element 14 during the picture frame period. The picture frame period is usually 20 mS, and the response time of the light-emitting element 14 is in the nanosecond range, so the speed and stray capacitance of the polycrystalline silicon TFT are between drive Becomes a limiting factor in the operation of the formula. That is, extremely efficient switching can be obtained. In the circuit illustrated in FIG. 2, a common operating voltage V0ELD is used for all OELD pixels of the same type. The voltage VoEUD is external and has nothing to do with the supply voltage VDD of the driving circuit. This significantly increases the flexibility of controlling the bias condition of 0ELD. The comparator 12 used in the circuit of Fig. 2 will be explained in actual implementation. Detailed considerations. Because other comparators are located in each pixel, the comparator circuit area and power consumption should be kept as low as possible. In addition, to obtain a high number of gray levels, the comparator must be able to resolve small differences in input voltage. For example, if you wish to perform 25 6 gray levels with a voltage swing of 0V to 5 V, it is clear that Δ V = 19.5 mV is appropriate. Therefore, although switching must be extremely fast, as previously discussed, it is well within the capabilities of the circuit in question. The detailed circuit diagram executed by the comparator 12 in Fig. 2 is illustrated in Fig. 3 by way of example. The circuit of FIG. 3 includes two stages: a CMOS differential amplifier 16 and a CMOS inverter 18. The CMOS inverter 18 extremely quickly turns on or off SW2. For the purpose of level shifting, the power supply of the inverter phase 18 may be different from the differential phase 16. Differential stage 16 includes the transistor 20 connected between the VOD rail and the ground. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210x 297 mm) I --------- batch Clothing-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page), 11 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-9-1235012 A7 B7 V. Invention Description (i (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out This page) Drain-source series circuits of 21 and 23, and similar connection circuits of transistors 20, 22, and 24, where transistors 22 and 24 are connected in parallel with transistors 21 and 23. Gates of transistors 21 and 22 The two inputs (+) and (-) of the comparator 12 are provided respectively, and the gate of the transistor 20 receives the bias voltage Vbus. The output stage 18 includes two transistors 25 and 26, which are connected to the VDD rail and The source-drain is connected in series between the ground. The output of the comparator comes from the connection between transistors 25 and 26, and its gate receives the input from the junction of transistors 21 and 23. The circuit system illustrated in Figure 3 is illustrated. Uses seven TFTs. SW! And SW2 * Do not use one TFT will make the total number of TFTs for each pixel become nine. Various views of the display panel of the pixel-level circuit of the embodiment are described. Figures 4A and 4B printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economics illustrate the waveforms that can be used for the circuit of Figure 2. It includes two drawings 4A and 4B, where the waveforms Vsean, Vsaw, and Vout are shown. V ... is the driving pulse applied to OELD. The difference between Figures 4A and 4B is the waveform of Vsaw. In Figure 4A, the Vsaw waveform is zigzag; and In Figure 4B, the Vsaw waveform is a triangle. With the sawtooth waveform in Figure 4A, the output pulse always starts at the beginning of each frame. Therefore, the sawtooth waveform in Figure 4A provides a linear gray scale because it provides the eye Start to integrate the reference time points of each box. For the triangular waveform in Figure 4B, the center of the output pulse always occurs in the half cycle. Basically, all pixels in the same column of the matrix share the same driving waveform. V saw / τη is not marked, where 1T1 represents the mth column of the matrix under consideration. When the columns are addressed sequentially, the driving waveform of the second column (indicated by Vsaw / m +!) Should be added with hysteresis or phase shift. Frame week This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -10- 1235012 A7 __ B7 V. Description of the invention (3 and M is the total number of columns in the matrix. Therefore, if the display is driven externally, Then a total of M interconnections are required. This may be a problem for high-resolution displays. Therefore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an integrated waveform generator is provided, thereby reducing the number of interconnections required. Figure 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating the use of the integrated waveform generator. The waveform generator 30 receives individual main voltage and reference voltage inputs Vmas ... and Vw. The waveform generator 30 also receives an input from Vsean / m. The generator output Vsaw / m is applied to a specific matrix 歹! All pixels in J are 10. However, in theory, the function of the generator is to provide the same waveform with a single phase shift to the pixel elements of each column. When the TFT spatial variation across the entire display panel is taken into account, the relationship between this precise timing and the data voltage becomes a major challenge. However, this problem can be solved by providing the main clock Vmas ^ and the reference voltage source Vs_ to ensure that the outputs from all waveform generators are the same (except for different phase shifts). The waveform generator should be synchronized to Vsean / m, so Vuan / m can be used as a trigger. 〇 As explained before, the general synchronous drive mode is shown in Figure 6 as an example. Take the pixels in two columns and two columns as an example. As shown by R, G, and B representing red, green, and blue, the light-emitting elements in each pixel can be designed to emit light of different colors, thereby performing full-color display. The pixels are driven by the data driver 32 and the column driver 34. Individual waveform generators WG are provided in each column, and the applied signals are shown in Figure 6. Each waveform generator is synchronized with the scan line signal, and the minimum operating frequency is equal to the frame rate. The display can also be driven asynchronously. Asynchronous drive mode is shown in Figure 7. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210 × 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page}
、1T 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -11 - 1235012 A7 ______ B7 五、發明説明（3 。此配置與第6圖間的差異在於單一的波形產生器係使用 於整個顯示，而非使用於每列。藉由此配置，波形產生器 可整合於顯示面板上，或可易於設在面板外部。波形係與 掃描線訊號無關，因此可使用更高的操作頻率，而獲得更 佳的影像品質。使用較高頻率的重要性可由第8A圖與第 8B圖得知，亦即相較於第8A圖（低頻VDRv )，第8B圖（高 頻VDRV )的改良灰階精度爲顯而易見的。此現象對於動態 影像爲重要的，但對於靜態影像而言則可忽略。 亦得以將迦瑪補償加入驅動波形中。此係舉例於第 9A圖與第9B圖中，其表示將迦瑪修正加入驅動電壓VDRv中 〇 第10圖爲諸如可使用於上述本發明之實施例中的鋸齒 波產生器的詳細電路圖。該電路接收施壓於電容器C2。一 端的訊號v〃ay。電容器C2。的另一端連接至各開關SW!◦與 SW2Q的一側。該開關SW1Q與SW2Q分別爲訊號h與0 2所控 制。開關SW2。的另一側係穿經電容器匕〇且亦穿經開關 SW30 (爲訊號Vmn所控制）而接地。開關SW2Q、SW30及電 容器C!〇連接至均一增益緩衝器36的輸出。開關SWM控制 來自緩衝器36輸出的反饋迴路。緩衝器36輸出施加於低通 濾波器LP (由一電阻器與一電容器組成）。濾波器LP輸 出提供產生器輸出Vsaw。 如上所示，該電路具有四個輸入（Veray，(/)!，(/) 2，與 V“an )及一個輸出（Vsaw)。輸出波形示於第11圖。 波形Vg…在0 V與最高電壓（諸如h)間操作。波形0 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -11-1235012 A7 ______ B7 V. Description of the invention (3. The difference between this configuration and Figure 6 is that a single waveform generator is used for the entire display, rather than In each column. With this configuration, the waveform generator can be integrated on the display panel or can be easily installed outside the panel. The waveform is independent of the scanning line signal, so a higher operating frequency can be used to obtain a better image The importance of using higher frequencies can be seen in Figures 8A and 8B, that is, compared to Figure 8A (low frequency VDRv), the improved grayscale accuracy of Figure 8B (high frequency VDRV) is obvious. This phenomenon is important for dynamic images, but it can be ignored for still images. Gamma compensation can also be added to the driving waveforms. This example is shown in Figures 9A and 9B, which shows the addition of gamma correction In the driving voltage VDRv, FIG. 10 is a detailed circuit diagram such as a sawtooth wave generator that can be used in the embodiment of the present invention described above. This circuit receives pressure from the capacitor C2. A signal v〃ay at one end. The other end of the container C2 is connected to one side of each of the switches SW! And SW2Q. The switches SW1Q and SW2Q are controlled by the signals h and 0 2, respectively. The switch SW2. The other side is passed through the capacitor and also through Grounded via switch SW30 (controlled by signal Vmn). Switches SW2Q, SW30 and capacitor C0 are connected to the output of uniform gain buffer 36. Switch SWM controls the feedback loop from the output of buffer 36. The output of buffer 36 is applied to Low-pass filter LP (composed of a resistor and a capacitor). The output of the filter LP provides the generator output Vsaw. As shown above, this circuit has four inputs (Veray, (/) !, (/) 2, and V “an) and one output (Vsaw). The output waveform is shown in Figure 11. The waveform Vg ... operates between 0 V and the highest voltage (such as h). Waveform 0 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification ( 210 X 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)
、1T 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -12- 1235012 A7 ___ B7 _ 五、發明説明（）〇 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1與0 2爲非重疊時脈，而vs…爲與掃描線相同的訊號。當 Vs…達HI時，資料會傳遞至上述的圖素儲存電容器。此時 ，Vsean通知SW30接通，以使均一增益緩衝器的輸入爲0 V ，且C1Q放電。當Vmr^LO時，SW30會斷路。當SW2Q接通 且SW3Q斷路時，波形Vgray = 0 V。Vgray* 0 V轉變爲h會提 高均一增益緩衝器的輸入電壓。若匕。=C2〇，則此增加爲 h/2。當Vgray = h時，SW2〇斷路且SW3〇接通。均一增益緩衝器 3 6輸入電壓儲存於(：1。。當¥6^回復0¥時，此電壓爲均一 增益緩衝器的輸出所反射並連接至C2〇。其次，SW!。斷路 且SW2。接通，而接著Vg〃y將由0 V轉變爲h。此將更增加均 一增益緩衝器3 6輸入電壓。若C1。= C 2。，則此增加爲h / 2， 且所產生的電壓變爲h。此不斷進行，而增益緩衝器36輸 出呈現階梯形。若該輸出穿經低通濾波器LP，則該輸出 訊號變爲平滑斜坡。 可瞭解地是根據本發明所述的配置可使用現有的類比 視訊作爲輸入訊號。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 實例 一實例係使用上述具有多晶矽TFT的電路執行。使用 0 V至5V的資料電壓範圍，可執行256灰階。 在資料傳遞後（通常發生於最初的2〇 # s )，框週期 被分成256個部分。對於50〇\(：：^3/8的框速率而言，各新 增灰階的時間差異爲1/50+ 256 = 78.1 25 // s，而相應的資 料電壓差異爲= 5+ 256 = 19.53 mV。應注意地是對灰 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -13- 1235012 A7 B7 _ 五、發明説明（h 階=0而言，該OELD必不會接通。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 第12A圖與第12B圖分別表示最初五個（GS二1至5) 與最後五個（GS二252至256 )灰階。計算脈衝底下的面積 ，並相對於灰階繪圖。如第12A圖與第12B圖所示，灰階 內有極佳的圖素亮度線性。然而，應注意斜率的差異。此 確信係基於脈衝下降邊的弧形角（爲電路的雜散電容所引 起）。此將使較低灰階値的亮度改變較小。這並不是嚴重 的問題，並可藉由調整輸入訊號而作修正。 相較於流入電致發光元件的電流，該驅動器所需的電 流爲微小的。 通常，可以本發明獲得的影像品質已發現較習知液晶 顯示器爲佳，並至少與習知CRT顯示器相同。此外，本發 明之顯示裝置所需的低電源消耗使其對行動與可攜式裝置 而言爲理想的。 修改 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 將可瞭解地是，雖然以上有關具體實施例的諸多細節 係以有機電致發光顯示裝置做說明，但本發明亦可應用於 其他類型的顯示裝置。此外，雖然上述實施例已提及使用 TFT技術（通常爲多晶矽）的具體執行，但本發明並不限 定於使用TFT技術。本發明不僅可應用於薄膜電晶體技術 ，且亦可應用於矽基電晶體。矽基電晶體可使用多種不同 方法棑列於顯示基板上。例如，矽基電晶體可排列於液體 中〇 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -14- 1235012 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明有利於使用在小型的行動電子產品，諸如行動 電話、電腦、CD撥放機、DVD撥放機及類似物一然而並 不僅限於此。 現將說明使用根據本發明之顯示裝置的電子設備。 < 1 :行動電腦> 現將說明根據以上實施例之一的顯示裝置應用於行動 個人電腦的實例。 第1 3圖爲舉例說明此個人電腦結構的等角圖。在該圖 式中，個人電腦1100設有包含鍵盤1102與顯示單元1106的 本體1104。顯示單元1106係使用根據本發明所製造的顯示 面板（如上所述）執行。 < 2 :可攜式電話> 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 其次將說明該顯示裝置應用於可攜式電話之顯示部分 的實例。第14圖爲舉例說明可攜式電話結構的等角圖。在 該圖式中，可攜式電話1 200設有多數個操作鍵1 202、聽筒 1 204、話筒1206及顯示面板100。此顯示面板100係使用根 據本發明所製造的顯示面板（如上所述）執行。 < 3 :數位靜態相機> 其次將說明使用OEL顯示裝置作爲取景器的數位靜態 相機.。第1 5圖爲舉例說明數位靜態相機結構的等角圖以及 對外部裝置的連接簡圖。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -15- 1235012 A7 B7___ 五、發明説明（）3 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 普通相機係根據物體的光學影像而使底片感光；然而 數位靜態相機1 300係藉由使用諸如電荷耦合裝置（CCD) 進行光電轉換，而由物體的光學影像產生成像訊號。該數 位靜態相機1 300在外殻1302背面設有OEL元件100，以根據 來自CCD的成像訊號進行顯示。因此，顯示面板100作用 爲顯示物體的取景器。包含光學鏡片的光接收單元1 304與 CCD設於外殻1 302正面（在該圖示背後）。 當攝影者決定要顯示於OEL元件面板100中的物體影 像並按下快門時，來自CCD的影像訊號會傳遞至並儲存於 電路板1 308中的記憶體。在數位靜態相機1 300中，視訊輸 出端13 12及資料傳送之輸入/輸出端13 14設於外殼1 302側 面。如該圖示所示，若有必要，則一電視監視器14 3 0及一 個人電腦1440係分別連接至視訊輸出端13 12及輸入/輸出 端1314。藉由一特定操作，儲存於電路板1 308之記憶體中 的成像訊號會輸出至電視監視器1430及個人電腦1440。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 除了第13圖所示的個人電腦、第14圖所示的可攜式電 話及第1 5圖所示的數位靜態相機以外，電子設備的實例包 含有電視機、取景器式及監控式錄影機、汽車導引系統、 傳呼機、電子書、可攜式計算機、文書處理器、工作站、 電視電話、銷售點系統終端機及設有觸板的裝置。當然， 本發明之上述實施例可應用於這些電子設備的顯示部分。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -16-Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, 12T-1235012 A7 ___ B7 _ V. Invention Description () 〇 (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 1 and 0 2 are non-overlapping clocks, Vs ... is the same signal as the scan line. When Vs ... reaches HI, the data will be transferred to the pixel storage capacitor mentioned above. At this time, Vsean notifies SW30 to turn on, so that the input of the uniform gain buffer is 0 V, and C1Q is discharged. When Vmr ^ LO, SW30 will open circuit. When SW2Q is on and SW3Q is open, the waveform Vgray = 0 V. Vgray * 0 V to h increases the input voltage of the uniform gain buffer. If a dagger. = C2〇, then this increase is h / 2. When Vgray = h, SW2o is open and SW3o is turned on. The input voltage of the uniform gain buffer 36 is stored in (: 1. When ¥ 6 ^ returns to 0 ¥, this voltage is reflected by the output of the uniform gain buffer and connected to C20. Secondly, SW !. is open and SW2. Turn on, and then Vg〃y will change from 0 V to h. This will increase the uniform gain buffer 3 6 input voltage. If C1. = C 2., then this increase is h / 2, and the generated voltage changes Is h. This continues, and the output of the gain buffer 36 is stepped. If the output passes through the low-pass filter LP, the output signal becomes a smooth slope. It is understood that the configuration according to the present invention can be used The existing analog video is used as the input signal. An example printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economics is an example of the implementation of the above circuit with polycrystalline silicon TFT. Using a data voltage range of 0 V to 5V, 256 gray levels can be performed. Data transmission After (usually occurring in the first 2 # s), the frame period is divided into 256 parts. For a frame rate of 50 ° (:: ^ 3/8), the time difference between each new grayscale is 1/50 + 256 = 78.1 25 // s, and the corresponding data voltage The difference is 5+ 256 = 19.53 mV. It should be noted that the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) is applied to the gray paper size. -13- 1235012 A7 B7 _ V. Description of the invention (h level = 0 and In other words, the OELD will not be connected. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Figures 12A and 12B show the first five (GS 2 1 to 5) and the last five (GS 2 252) To 256) gray scale. Calculate the area under the pulse and plot it relative to the gray scale. As shown in Figures 12A and 12B, there is excellent linearity of pixel brightness within the gray scale. However, the difference in slope should be noted. This is believed to be based on the arc angle of the falling edge of the pulse (caused by the stray capacitance of the circuit). This will make the brightness change of the lower gray level chirp smaller. This is not a serious problem and can be adjusted by adjusting the input signal Compared with the current flowing into the electroluminescence element, the current required by the driver is small. Generally, the image quality that can be obtained by the present invention has been found to be better than that of the conventional liquid crystal display, and at least compared with the conventional CRT The display is the same. In addition, the display device of the present invention The low power consumption required makes it ideal for mobile and portable devices. Modifications to the print by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy will understandably, although many of the above details regarding specific embodiments are provided with The electroluminescent display device is described as an example, but the present invention can also be applied to other types of display devices. In addition, although the above embodiments have mentioned the specific implementation using TFT technology (usually polycrystalline silicon), the present invention is not limited to use TFT technology. The invention can be applied not only to thin-film transistor technology, but also to silicon-based transistors. Silicon-based transistors can be listed on a display substrate using a number of different methods. For example, silicon-based transistors can be arranged in the liquid. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -14- 1235012 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ((Please read the precautions on the back before filling (This page) The present invention is advantageous for use in small mobile electronic products such as mobile phones, computers, CD players, DVD players, and the like, but it is not limited thereto. The use of the display device according to the present invention will now be described. ≪ 1: Mobile computer > An example in which the display device according to one of the above embodiments is applied to a mobile personal computer will now be described. Fig. 13 is an isometric view illustrating the structure of the personal computer. In the drawing, a personal computer 1100 is provided with a main body 1104 including a keyboard 1102 and a display unit 1106. The display unit 1106 is implemented using a display panel (as described above) manufactured according to the present invention. ≪ 2: Portable phone > Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, and the application example of the display device of the portable phone will be explained next. Figure 14 illustrates the portable Isometric view of the structure of a portable telephone. In this diagram, a portable telephone 1 200 is provided with a plurality of operation keys 1 202, a handset 1 204, a microphone 1206, and a display panel 100. The display panel 100 is a display panel 100 according to the present invention. The manufactured display panel (as described above) is executed. ≪ 3: Digital still camera > Next, a digital still camera using an OEL display device as a viewfinder will be explained. Fig. 15 is an isometric view illustrating the structure of the digital still camera Figure and diagram of connection to external devices. This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -15- 1235012 A7 B7___ 5. Description of the invention () 3 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling (On this page) Ordinary cameras sensitize negatives based on the optical image of the object; however, the digital still camera 1 300 generates an imaging signal from the optical image of the object by using photoelectric conversion such as a charge coupled device (CCD). The digital still The camera 1 300 is provided with an OEL element 100 on the back of the housing 1302 to perform display according to the imaging signal from the CCD. Therefore, the display panel 100 functions as a display object Viewfinder. A light receiving unit 1 304 and a CCD including optical lenses are provided on the front of the housing 1 302 (behind the illustration). When the photographer determines the image of the object to be displayed in the OEL element panel 100 and presses the shutter, The image signal from the CCD is transmitted to and stored in the memory in the circuit board 1 308. In the digital still camera 1 300, the video output terminal 13 12 and the data input / output terminal 13 14 are provided on the side of the housing 1 302. As shown in the figure, if necessary, a television monitor 1430 and a personal computer 1440 are connected to the video output terminal 1312 and the input / output terminal 1314, respectively. By a specific operation, the imaging signals stored in the memory of the circuit board 1 308 are output to the television monitor 1430 and the personal computer 1440. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, except for the personal computer shown in Fig. 13, the portable telephone shown in Fig. 14, and the digital still camera shown in Fig. 15. Examples of electronic devices include televisions. Cameras, viewfinder-type and surveillance video recorders, car guidance systems, pagers, e-books, portable computers, word processors, workstations, television phones, point-of-sale system terminals, and devices with touch panels. Of course, the above embodiments of the present invention can be applied to the display portion of these electronic devices. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) -16-