1228497 玖、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種土壤添加物，特別是指一種能有效防止植土酸化、 增加農作物產值、減少農藥、肥料之使用及降低生產成本之土壤添加物。 【先前技術】 習用土壤添加物係如我國發明第21096號專利案（下稱引 證案），其主要組成配方為甘蔗渣4.4%、穀殼8.4%、蚵殼粉 4.25%、尿素8.25%、硝酸鉀1.01°/。、過磷酸鈣13.16%及礦灰60.5% 所組成，其主要目的係在於防治農作物猝倒病菌（Pythium)、疫 病菌（Phytophtora)、根瘤病菌（Plasmodiophora)、餘胞菌病害（Fusarium oxypomm)、菌核病菌（Rhizoctonia，Sclerotium)等根部病害，但上 述之病害肇因乃因農友偏用硫酸銨等化學肥料，造成土質偏 酸，使得土壤傳播性病害日趨嚴重，土壤有機質嚴重流失， 而致使土壤傳播性病害日趨嚴重，農作物之連作障礙亦漸趨 嚴重。為求改善之道，農民之生產成本遽增，但究其底，其 生產產能卻未能相對地提昇；透過習用之土壤添加物，確能 有效地抑制土壤或砂土中之病原菌之孢子發芽或降低其族 群密度，而達到防治土壤傳播性病害之發生及改善土壤酸植 化所致之連作障礙之情形；其更是取用於台灣之工、農、漁、 牧之廢棄物之再利用，對降低環境污染及廢棄物屯積問題， 有著偌大的助益。 然因有鑑於農民長久來偏好硫酸銨等化學肥料來促進 農作物之生長，而忽視有機質肥料或植物生長輔助劑對農作 物及土壤之助益情形；佐以原習用之土壤添加物之生產成本 偏高的前題外。本案發明人乃亟思加以改良創新，並經多年 苦心孤詣潛心研究後，終於成功研發完成本件土壤添加物。 1228497 【發明内容】 本發明之目的即在於提供—種能有效改善土壤酸化及增 加農作物產值之土壤添加物。 本發明之次一目的係在於提供一種可解決廢棄物之囤 積及環境污染等問題之土壤添加物。 本發明之另一目的係在於提供一種可減少農藥、肥料使 用’以大幅降低生產成本之土壤添加物。 可達成上述發明目的之土壤添加物，係指一種添加於土 壤或砂土中’使其可有效達到土壤傳播性病害之防治、增加 土壤有機質及有效促進農作物肥碩、生長，該添加物.之組合 配方係以甘蔗渣〇·88%、穀殼L68%、蚵殼〇 85%、尿素丨65〇/〇、 硝酸鉀0·204%、過磷酸鈣2.636%、礦灰12.1%與有機堆肥/植物 生長輔助劑80%所組成，其配方係參照土壤之特性、植物之 營養需求及土壤中病原菌之生態及生理特性而取用於台灣 工、濃、漁、牧之廢物再利用，能有效解決當今廢棄物之囤 積及對環境污染等問題外，更能有效防止植土酸化、增加農 作物產值及降低生產成本。 本添加物之製作方法係先將80%有機質堆肥放置於自動 發酵槽2個月後，或將80%經處理完全的植物生長輔助劑， 加入粉碎篩過的甘蔗渣0.88%、蚵殼粉0.85%、礦灰12.1%、穀 殼粉1.68%、尿素1.65%、硝酸鉀0.204%及過磷酸鈣2·636%後攪 拌均勻，待其冷卻後即完成成品，完成後之添加物ΡΗ值約 為7.7〜8.0，對於耕種已久酸性土壤或坡地，具有良好之中和 性，不但是土壤之最佳改良劑，同時也是一種溫和性極好之 綜合肥料，並兼有防治病害的效果。 1228497 【實施方式】 台灣自光復以來’農友偏用硫酸4安等化學肥料，因而弓丨 起土壤肥力疲乏、土壤偏酸，，因此造成土壤傳播性病害日益 嚴重，根據植病學術界調查，約有60%左右的農地，其土質 偏酸，作物根部病害逐年遽增，因此為防治土壌病害之根 本’故添加有機為肥料’使其能有效改善土壤酸化及增加土 壤肥力；西元1972年RGPegg研究中指出土壤性疫病菌 (Phytophthora cinnamoni)及猝倒病菌（Pythium)在抑病性土 壤中，| 法正常活動或呈現休眠狀態，然而，具備有抑病性土壤之條 件係為： 、木 丄·土壞中有機質含量高； 2·土壤中#5的含置在3000至4000ppm之間； 3·土壤PH值在6·0〜7·0範圍間； 4·土壌中微生物族群高，尤其是拮抗菌（antag〇nists)，· 5·土壤中有充足的鱗酸鹽及鎂； 性 藉由上述說明，更是明確指出有機質肥料對土壤的重要 另外，由於酸性土壤最適合鐮胞菌Fusarium的繁殖（如 ^er及Snydre研究F 〇xysp_所引起之碗豆萎洞病^址㈣ mans研究R〇xysp_ ^起之香薦巴拿 調整土壤之酸驗值，沿用原㈣幸之土❹口此為 於西研九後顯不’確能調整土壤之酸驗值；除此之外，細㈣ 土 2 29年指出，作物根部要有豐富的微生物族群，需要 亦於日日去 幻土壌的通風性咼…等因子，同時 才曰月有機質肥料可刺 衍，如固Λ u .展中秸抗囷（a血gonists)族群的繁 >囷zoto acter)、VA菌根菌、溶磷菌、放線菌…等等； Γ228497 故有機質肥料除了供給作物養分外，更可改良土壤物理性 狀，其有機物可提供大量氮、磷、鉀、硫等元素，且分解時 產生之有機酸，可促進土壤中其他元素之溶解，並提高陽離 子交換能力，更可促進土壤之團粒構造，增加其保水及通氣 性0 故可達成上述發明之目的土壤添加物，其主要組合配方 為：甘蔗渣0·88%、穀殼L68%、蚵殼〇·85%、尿素165%、硝酸 鉀0.204%、過磷酸鈣2.636%、礦灰12.1%與有機堆肥（如禽畜 糞尿、動物質肥料、蒿桿類肥料、油粕類肥料、綠肥、海鳥 糞及商品堆肥）或植物生長輔助劑（如腐植酸、氨基酸）8〇%所組 成，其製作方法係先將80%有機質堆肥放置於自動發酵槽2 個月後，或將80%經處理完全之植物生長辅助劑，加入粉碎 篩過的蔗渣0·88%、蚵殼粉〇·85%、礦灰12」％、縠殼粉168%、 尿素1.65%、硝酸鉀0·204%及過磷酸鈣2·636%後攪拌均勻，待 其冷卻後即完成成品，完成後之添加。物ΡΗ值約為7·7〜8〇，對 於耕種已久酸性土壤或坡地，具有良好之中和性，不但是土 壌之最佳改良劑，同時也是—種溫和性極好之綜合肥料，並 兼有防治病害的效果。 综上所述，本發明其正確用法經數年實際耕栽實驗研究 所^利肖此等配方，已具有防治多種農作物根部病害，如： 十字花科根瘤病、葫蘆科、茄科疫病、香蕉、芹菜、十一 ^ :::葉病、西瓜及香瓜蔓割病、十字花科、豆科二核：二: 枯病、青枯病、根瘤及根腐線蟲病、豆科根腐病、萎〉周 管及=者，配方中之礦灰及柯殼粉可分解黃葉病菌之發芽 抑制後膜胞子發芽之重要成分’而礦灰則為分解西瓜μ 1228497 割病菌發芽管之主要成份； m ^ ^ m ^ , 於礦夜内含五種成分中，以約 凰及鐵鹽為抑制厚膜胞子發芽金瓦戽夕日 類， 不/、此解發牙官之取重要鹽 素二十字花科根瘤病；另外，配劑中所含之尿 而、J::出氨氣，因此可有效抑制甜椒白絹病菌之發芽， π H主心 j马番加青枯病主要抑制成分； 同時’利用本配方之有機質 貝肥枓或植物生長輔助劑，不僅能 擁有化學肥料之養分，更 P , /進土袅為益微生物之生成，改 政⑽ M早礙· ··寺功效；故使用施用本 ’X月之土壤添加物後，有益直从 ^ 囷及放線囷之密度增加，相對 瓦解病原菌及促進根部生長。 食強健植栽本體，減少農藥、肥 枓之使用，提昇農作物生產潛能之最終目標。 本發明所提供之土壤添加物，盘立 7 /、弁他自用添加物相互比 較時’更具有下列之優點： 1·本發明係可有效調整+ 1 一襄馱鹼值、通氣性、土壤結構及 水份張力。 > 2·本發明係可提供作物所需之養分及有機質含量，促成土 壤肥份之提昇，提高農作物之生產潛能。 3.本發明係可增加土壤 展’ 1微生物之私群密度，間接抑制 病原菌危害作物。 4_本發明係可有效鞏固土壤生態平衡。 5.本發明係可促進根部之生長及作物之發育。 上列詳細說明係針對本發明之一可行實施例之具體說 明’惟該實施例並非用以.限制本發明之專利範圍，凡 本發明技藝精神所為之等效實施或變更，均應包含於本宰之 專利範圍中。 ” 1228497 綜上所述，本案不但在技術思想上確屬創新，並能較習 用物品增進上述多項功效，應已充分符合新穎性及進步性之 法定發明專利要件，爰依法農出申請，懇請 貴局核准本件 發明專利申請案，以勵發明，至感德便。1228497 发明 Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a soil additive, particularly to a soil additive which can effectively prevent acidification of planting soil, increase the value of crops, reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, and reduce production costs. Thing. [Prior technology] The conventional soil additive system is the patent case No. 21096 (hereinafter referred to as the "citing case") of China's invention. Its main composition formula is bagasse 4.4%, husk 8.4%, husk powder 4.25%, urea 8.25%, nitric acid Potassium 1.01 ° /. It is composed of 13.16% superphosphate and 60.5% ash. Its main purpose is to control crop phytophthora (Pythium), Phytophtora, Plasmodiophora, Fusarium oxypomm, and bacteria. Root diseases such as Rhizoctonia, Sclerotium, but the cause of the above-mentioned diseases is due to the use of chemical fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate by farmers to cause soil acidity, which makes soil-borne diseases increasingly serious, and the loss of soil organic matter, resulting in soil Transmissible diseases have become increasingly serious, and obstacles to continuous cropping have also become more serious. In order to improve, the production cost of farmers has increased, but in the end, its production capacity has not been relatively increased; the conventional soil additives can effectively inhibit the spore germination of pathogenic bacteria in soil or sand Or reduce its population density to prevent the occurrence of soil-borne diseases and improve the continuous cropping obstacles caused by soil acidification; it is also the reuse of industrial, agricultural, fishing, and animal husbandry waste in Taiwan. It will greatly help reduce environmental pollution and waste accumulation. However, because farmers have long preferred chemical fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate to promote the growth of crops, they have ignored the benefits of organic fertilizers or plant growth aids to crops and soil; the production cost of soil additives supplemented with the original habit is relatively high. Off topic. The inventor of this case was eager to improve and innovate. After years of painstaking research, he finally successfully developed this soil additive. 1228497 [Summary of the invention] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil additive which can effectively improve soil acidification and increase the value of crops. A second object of the present invention is to provide a soil additive capable of solving the problems of waste accumulation and environmental pollution. Another object of the present invention is to provide a soil additive which can reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers' to greatly reduce the production cost. A soil additive capable of achieving the above-mentioned object of the invention refers to a kind of additive added to the soil or sandy soil to enable it to effectively prevent and control soil-borne diseases, increase soil organic matter, and effectively promote the growth and growth of crops. The formula is based on bagasse 0.88%, husk L68%, husk 085%, urea 丨 65〇 / 〇, potassium nitrate 0.204%, superphosphate 2.636%, ash 12.1% and organic compost / plant It is composed of 80% growth aid, and its formula is based on the characteristics of the soil, the nutritional needs of the plants, and the ecological and physiological characteristics of the pathogens in the soil. It is used for the reuse of industrial, concentrated, fishing, and animal husbandry waste in Taiwan. It can effectively solve the current waste. In addition to the problems of hoarding of materials and environmental pollution, it can effectively prevent the acidification of planting soil, increase the output value of crops, and reduce production costs. The method for making this additive is to place 80% of organic matter compost in an automatic fermentation tank for 2 months, or add 80% of the processed plant growth aid to the crushed and sieved bagasse 0.88% and husk powder 0.85 %, Ash 12.1%, chaff powder 1.68%, urea 1.65%, potassium nitrate 0.204% and calcium superphosphate 2.636% and stir well. After it is cooled, the finished product is completed. 7.7 ~ 8.0, it has good neutrality for long-acid acid soil or sloping land. It is not only the best soil improver, but also a kind of comprehensive fertilizer with excellent mildness. It also has the effect of controlling diseases. 1228497 [Embodiment] Since the Liberation of Taiwan, 'farmers have been using chemical fertilizers such as sulfuric acid 4 amps. Therefore, soil fertility and soil acidity have arisen. As a result, soil-borne diseases have become increasingly serious. According to a survey by the plant disease academia, About 60% of agricultural land has soil acidity, and crop root diseases have increased year by year. Therefore, in order to prevent and cure soil diseases, 'organic fertilizer is added', which can effectively improve soil acidification and increase soil fertility; RGPegg in 1972 It is pointed out in the research that Phytophthora cinnamoni and Pythium in the disease-inhibiting soil are normally active or dormant. However, the conditions for the disease-inhibiting soil are: · High content of organic matter in soil; 2 · The content of # 5 in the soil is between 3000 and 4000ppm; 3. The pH value of the soil is in the range of 6.0 · 7 ~ 0; 4. The microbial population in the soil is high, especially Antagonists, · 5 · The soil has sufficient phosphonates and magnesium; With the above description, it is clear that organic fertilizers are important to the soil. In addition, due to acidity, The soil is most suitable for the reproduction of Fusarium (for example, er and Snydre to study the bowl bean wilt disease caused by F oxysp_ ^ site ㈣ mans research Roxysp_ ^ recommended that Bana adjust the acid value of the soil, The original soil fortunate soil mouth is still used. This is not true after the West Research Institute of Jiu'an. It can indeed adjust the acid value of the soil. In addition, the fine soil 2 points out in 29 years that the roots of crops must have a rich microbial population. In the day to day, the airy 幻 of the magic soil 壌 and other factors, and at the same time, the moon organic fertilizer can be scented, such as solid Λ u. Proliferation of 囷 zoto acter), VA Mycorrhizal fungi, phosphate-dissolving bacteria, actinomycetes, etc .; Γ228497 Therefore, in addition to providing crop nutrients, organic fertilizers can also improve soil physical properties. Their organic substances can provide a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other elements, and are produced during decomposition. The organic acid can promote the dissolution of other elements in the soil, improve the cation exchange capacity, and promote the soil grain structure, increase its water retention and air permeability. Therefore, the purpose of the above-mentioned invention is a soil additive. Its main combination formula is :sugar cane 0.88%, husk L68%, husk 0.85%, urea 165%, potassium nitrate 0.204%, superphosphate 2.636%, ash 12.1% and organic compost (such as poultry manure, animal and fertilizer, artemisia It consists of 80% of rod-type fertilizer, oilseed-type fertilizer, green manure, seabird manure and commercial compost) or plant growth aids (such as humic acid and amino acids). The production method is to place 80% organic compost in an automatic fermentation tank 2 After a month, or 80% of the completely processed plant growth aids, add crushed and sieved bagasse 0.88%, husk powder 0.85%, ash 12 ″%, husk powder 166%, urea 1.65 %, Potassium nitrate 0.204%, and superphosphate 2.636%, stir well, and after cooling, finish the finished product and add it after completion. The pH value of the product is about 7 · 7 ~ 80. It has good neutrality for acidic soil or sloping land that has been cultivated for a long time. It is not only the best improver for soil moisture, but also a kind of comprehensive fertilizer with excellent mildness. Both have the effect of controlling diseases. To sum up, the correct usage of the present invention has been used for several years in practical cultivation experiments and research institutes. These formulas have been used to prevent and cure a variety of crop root diseases, such as: cruciferous rhizobia, cucurbitaceae, solanaceous disease, bananas. , Celery, eleven ^ :: leaf disease, watermelon and melon vine disease, cruciferae, leguminous nucleus: two: blight, bacterial wilt, nodule and root rot nematode disease, legume root rot, Wither> Peripheral tube and =, the ash and coriander powder in the formula can decompose the important components of membrane cell germination after the germination of yellow leaf fungus is inhibited, and the ash is the main component of the watermelon germination tube that breaks down μ 1228497; m ^ ^ m ^, in the five ingredients contained in the mine night, about phoenix and iron salts are used to inhibit the germination of thick-film spores, and the golden day and night genus are not. Branch root nodule disease; In addition, the urinary and J :: ammonia contained in the formulation can effectively inhibit the germination of sweet pepper white silkworm, and π H is the main inhibitory component of horsefly and bacterial wilt; 'Using this formulation of organic shellfish or plant growth aids, Fertilizer nutrient is more beneficial to the formation of beneficial microorganisms, and it has been reformed. M is a hindrance to the temple effect. Therefore, after using the soil additive of this month, it is beneficial to use ^ 囷 and put the line 囷The increased density will relatively disintegrate pathogenic bacteria and promote root growth. The ultimate goal is to strengthen the plant body, reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, and increase the potential of crop production. The soil additives provided by the present invention have the following advantages when comparing Panli 7 / and Sunda's own additives with each other: 1. The present invention can effectively adjust the +1 alkalinity value, air permeability, and soil structure And moisture tension. > 2. The present invention can provide nutrients and organic matter content required by crops, promote the enhancement of soil fertility, and increase the production potential of crops. 3. The present invention can increase the density of the private group of microorganisms in the soil, and indirectly inhibit pathogens from harming crops. 4_ The invention can effectively consolidate soil ecological balance. 5. The present invention can promote root growth and crop development. The above detailed description is a specific description of one of the feasible embodiments of the present invention, but this embodiment is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or change made by the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the present invention. Zai's patent scope. 1228497 In summary, this case is not only technically innovative, but also enhances the above-mentioned multiple effects over conventional items. It should have fully met the requirements for statutory invention patents that are novel and progressive, and applied in accordance with the law. The Bureau approves this patent application for invention to encourage invention and it is a matter of virtue.
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