TWI223492B - Non-isolated AC power source apparatus and its control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is related to a kind of non-isolated AC power source apparatus and its control method. Only one DC voltage bus is used; and the direct connection of neutral lines for the output and the input is maintained such that it is capable of reaching a highly efficient/stabilized-voltage output of AC power source even when there is a voltage difference between the output and input. In the invention, when the AC input voltage and AC output voltage locate at different positive/negative potential interval, the system is made to work in a fly-back mode so as to avoid the problem of having the generation of abnormal loop current. When the AC input voltage and AC output voltage locate at the same positive/negative voltage interval, the system is made to work in a boost mode so as to obtain a highly efficient power source output.

Description

1223492 (10) AC input power supply (20) AC / DC conversion unit (2 1) Full bridge rectifier (30) DC / AC conversion unit (4 0) Load Q 1, Q 2 switch Q 3 ~ Q 6 switch crystal C 1 bus capacitor (b ^ S capacitor) C 2 output capacitor L 1 inductor L 2 output inductor 柒, if there is a chemical formula in this case, please reveal the chemical engineer that can best show the characteristics of the invention, 捌, statement matters, invention description [Technical field to which the invention belongs] This month is about a non-isolated AC power supply device, especially an AC power input that can be applied to fast frequency changes. When the AC input voltage and AC output I potential are in different positive and negative potential ranges, operate in a ybaCk mode to solve the non-isolated single Bus-type power supply device with different phases between the AC power input and AC output voltage. . [Previous technology] 1223492 In the traditional UPS system, 'Isolated transformers are used depending on whether the power supply device is used.' The UPS can be roughly divided into two types, isolated and non-isolated, because when the mains power is input, the power is converted by the inverter. When the load is applied, the regulation requires that the inverter (neutral output neutral) must maintain the characteristics of the neutral line of the input mains to avoid the danger of electric shock. That is, the neutral line is connected to ground. The voltage of the ground must be lower than the specified dangerous voltage. In order to meet the requirements of the aforementioned regulations, the neutral line of the input mains and the neutral line of the inverter (mverter) are usually connected directly. For early For single DC voltage bus architecture, unless the inverter output is isolated by an isolation transformer, the bypass neutral wire cannot be connected to the inverter output. The neutral wires are directly connected together: However, the aforementioned low-frequency isolation transformer is not only bulky and bulky, but it is also not cheap. Even for the system conversion efficiency of the power supply device There are very limited. A dual DC voltage bus (Double Conversion) non-isolated UPS architecture will replace it and thereby derived.

Please refer to Figure 11 to Figure 13. In the existing non-isolated UPS: system: 'Because the input mains neutral line is directly connected to the output end, it becomes the inverter output neutral line. Therefore, the use of dual DC: 〇ltage — 'and half-bridge architecture (half bndge) as the wheel of the inverter' (屮) »heart out of class. Because this architecture has dual DC voltage buses, when the connected gb $ at load is an imbalanced load or an inductive load 11 ^ ', the electrical voltage between the two DC voltage buses will result. Unbalanced and more capacitors must be used to meet the requirements of this unbalanced load 4 1223492. If not, then when the capacitor capacity is not enough, the voltage on one of the DC voltage buses will be too high or too low, which will make the system work = Normally enters protection mode (fault). In view of the above shortcomings of the dual DC voltage bus, a UPS using a single voltage bus architecture is proposed to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, so that the load uses the same DC v0Uage bus for both positive and negative half cycles, and is equipped with a full bridge (plus 1 bridge) inverter (lnverter) as the output stage. This kind of ㈣ ;: Overcoming the lack of domains, the output inductor core loss is only half of what it was before, and capacitors and semiconductor switching elements with lower resistance to ink can be used, and the number of capacitors can be reduced. Please refer to the fourteenth figure, "—conventional non-interval: style sheet. The ups of the DC v〇ltage bus architecture, but its disadvantage is that the output of the inverter must always be in phase with the mains power at the turn-in If to maintain the positive and negative potentials of the output and input are always the same, otherwise it is non-isolated This will cause abnormal loop currents. For example, when the inverter output is positive for half a cycle, the switch Qi must be turned on to make the inverter (day, erter) switch out a positive voltage. If the input mains potential at this time is not in the same positive positive pressure, Rather, negative voltages will cause abnormal loop currents as shown by the dotted lines. Same as when inverter. Please. When the output is negative for half a cycle, when the #mains potential is just positive, there will also be malfunctions due to abnormal circuit current. Likou therefore, when the input mains power is of poor quality and the frequency changes too quickly, the aforementioned “a” causes a problem. 'Especially when the input AC power source is from a commercially available generator (generator), the generator (generator) The frequency change of) is extremely fast. Moreover, it is necessary to purify the input power through the ups system, so the aforementioned architecture obviously cannot meet this requirement. In the case of a long power outage, it is necessary to report a long UPS battery power supply time. If it is only solved by increasing the number of batteries, the cost of the battery also takes up a lot of space, so users usually require that the UPS also be able to Use the generator as the turn-on power supply, so that when the power can be interrupted for a long time, the generator can overcome the long-term power outage and touch the UPS to provide _ a pure power supply. Therefore, ’a non-isolated | DC voltage bus architecture UPS capable of solving the above disadvantages is needed. [Summary of the Invention] In view of the lack of A in the conventional method, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a power supply device and a control method thereof. When the frequency of the AC power input to the field changes greatly, it can still ensure the input six. The power supply does not affect the operation of the inverter (C inverter) output, in order to solve the problem that the loop current is different. In order to implement the aforementioned purpose, the control method of the power supply device of the present invention includes the electric When the voltage phase is different from the output voltage phase of the power supply device, the potentials of the input voltage and the output voltage r κ 1 7 are at ^ ^ η X ^, the original I is set to work in a lyback mode, and the power input ^ Jin Ding Shi & ^ January is stored in an inductor and is not directly supplied to the negative Gongyin you a ^ — After the load is released, the inductor releases energy to a jump emperor valley to avoid losing the end When an abnormal circuit occurs with the output terminal; when the voltage and output voltage are bypassed, the +% skeleton is at the same positive and negative potential 1 ^, and the original device works at a boost voltage of 4 ^ Gray * Wu (Boost mode), 1223492 two liters β ^ 7 pounds stored energy L Show user needs, and then release the energy of the inductor L BUS provide a repulsive capacitor Ray hang 4, to achieve high efficiency of the system operation. == Choose an appropriate working mode, even if the quality of the AC power supply is the same: the power settings of Japan can still operate normally and there is no abnormal loop current. Because most UPS systems will phase-lock the power supply. : Γ action 'Therefore, most of the time of the ups is the input of electric dust == the potential is in the same direction as the positive and negative potentials, so the present invention is still in variable mode (Boost mode) to obtain higher work efficiency iipi 〇 [Embodiment] See the figure below for a schematic diagram of the non-isolated single sink _ 卩 ,, BUS) power supply poor-Fendong Carving Early Exchange Machine platoon (smgle. ', Household') example, but the implementation of the present invention The energy sample is not limited to the circuit shown in the figure. The circuit in the figure-Figure 1 contains the Qiu ^ current / DC conversion unit (20) 'The input terminal is connected to the AC-DC / AC conversion unit (30), the system / The output of the DC conversion unit (2Q), this real-off crystal (Q3 ~ Qfi ... In the example, it is powered by four on and off power-load " 0), of which the output of the full bridge is connected to a potential + the right frequency m Output inductance (L2) and-output capacitance ('again AC input power (丄 〇) The neutral line capacitor (C2) becomes the neutral line at the output; the output AC / DC conversion unit (20) contains °. 1) 'Two rounds of the full bridge rectifier (2 1) Each

Q 1) There is an inductor (li) connected between two (two BUS connections with a switch (Q 1 meaning u) …… π _ Vulture, Q2), and the inductance (L $, and each connection is reversed. The diodes (D1, d2) and the diodes (D1, d2) are connected to a bus capacitor (c1 capacitor) to form a single BUS structure. For the operations of the foregoing embodiments, the AC wheel The status of the input power (work 0) can be operated in the following modes: 1. Flyback mode… The flyback mode described in this description is used when the frequency of the AC input power (1 〇) varies greatly, for example The source is a generator with poor quality, which can allow ^ The present invention accepts any input power whose frequency fluctuates rapidly, so as to prevent abnormal loop current caused when the phase of the voltage of the wheel L is different from the output voltage. As shown in the section, when the AC wheel is energized: = potential, but the output is negative, the two switches are turned on and off (Q1, (Q2) are synchronized by the pulse width modulation signal (ρ · change the switch (Q 1) (Q) 妁 π Half Doda and switching CQ 2) When both are turned on in steps, the circuit operation is as As shown in the figure, the inductance (L 丄) is charged. “弟 一一 ττ λ r 〇9, 仃 charging action; and when the switches (Q1) (Q2) are all turned off synchronously, A + ar τ. The operation of the circuit is shown in the fifth figure. The energy stored in Hong sense (L 1) is released to the bus capacitor (c 1), and then the bus capacitor (c 1) 彳 i £ library + & 4 ^ a CK pre-load (4 〇). On the other hand, when the AC input power is thin or not (1) 10) is negative potential, but the output is positive shift, as shown in the second figure B ， Nn r γλ ά ^ As shown in the two sections, the two switching switches (Q 1) (Q 2) also adopt the same j / type pulse width modulation signal control ^ 3492 〇 When the two switching switches (Q 1) r Q 9 Wa ΓΠ Η 丄) (Q 2) are all synchronously turned on, the circuit is as shown in the fourth figure, to charge the electric component (T 1 ,, Dinger α CL 1); and when the knife change switch (Q 1) (Q 2) are all the same as Niu Gong, Peng and Jg ", after the cut-off, the circuit operation is shown in the ninth figure, released by the summer stored on the inductor (L 1 t μb ^ ^) to the bus power (C 1), and then from the sink Demining crossover f Γ η ,, t 〇) / claw coupler cc 1) is supplied to the load (4 · Boost Mode) when the AC input power (; j 〇) I goes to τ ^ U ”flat When the wheel-out power supply is in the same negative potential interval, the power supply device can be used to open the pressure plate type 乂, t 讣, without using the other flyback mode to improve the system efficiency. Please refer to the second section A and E two sections, apricot six weeping) Tian Youli input power supply (10-the first is a positive potential day "switch (Q 1) system change (PWA ... and another switch (Q2 ) Is controlled by pulse width modulation and c PW Μ) signal, straight φ # 口 口 Among them the right switch (Q 2) is turned on, and its current path is like the second circle)) ¥ stop, Gan Qian θ, μNo, if the switch (Q 2) is cut off, its electric >, IL circuit double system is like a (Q 3) A age p ... At this moment, the switch crystal Q3) should be kept in a large state to avoid abnormal circuits In addition, when the AC input power supply (丄 〇) has the same negative potential interval (if the two-spoke power supply is set, it will also work in the boost Γ " two sections), the power supply device remains on, and two two n = r (Q2) value PWM) signal control, (Q1) is adjusted by pulse width (Gan + V ', Zhong reserve switch (Q1)), channel 0, and its power ~ The path is as shown in Figure 4 On, the current path is as shown in Figure 7 after the knife-change switch (Q1) is turned off. At this moment, the switch crystal (Q 4) should be kept off to avoid abnormal loop current. It is between the positive and negative farms, which makes the inductor (L 1) store the bus capacitor (cl), r "(L1) releases energy to boost, and L1) the child voltage to achieve high efficiency. Operation. Please refer to the eighth, force%. G. No, the specific implementation structure of the present invention is not limited to the previous embodiment. The circuit can also be modified as shown in the figure, but it is still in the return mode. The design spirit of ck mode) comes from the problems caused by the different phases of the input mains power and the wheel output voltage. . On the other hand, the circuit system of the embodiments described above can directly receive the mains power and supply only one South-quality Bo Pan Lei / 糸 er source to the load, so it can be regarded as a kind of mains power stability; Under the structure of the voltage regulator, an additional battery backup source circuit (60) (as shown in the tenth A to ten c) is added to the battery power source system (...). The road-splitting (60) power can reserve energy under normal conditions of the mains power. Once the mains power is interrupted = when an abnormality occurs, it will be supplied to the load by the battery backup source circuit. To sum up, the power supply technology of the present invention can avoid abnormal circuit problems caused by different phases of the mains power and wheel output voltage by using a flyback mode when the quality of the input mains power is unstable and the frequency changes rapidly. ; In addition, 'for better quality city power input', you can also choose boost mode (

Boost_e) 卩 Improves the working efficiency of the overall device. Compared with the current power supply technology, the present invention is indeed very progressive and meets the requirements of the invention patent. [Schematic description] (I) Schematic section 1223492 The first time of the time The second time of the time The first time of the time The second time is the second time The second time is the second time UPS. —Figure: Circuit diagram of an embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 ······················································ ········································· --2.

One picture · This is the operation diagram of two Q switches of the present invention, in which the AC input power is in positive phase. M on

Figure 4: This figure shows the two switching switches and Q-channel action diagram of the present invention, where the AC input power is in negative phase. Figure 5: This is the operation diagram of two switching switches Q 丄 of the present invention. Xi is cut off. Figure 6: This figure shows the operation of the circuit when the switch Q1 of the present invention is turned on and the switch gate is turned off. Knife change on: Figure: This is the circuit operation diagram when the switch Q1 of the present invention is turned off and the other is switched on. Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. Nine Figures: Circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. Ten A to Ten C diagrams: Circuit diagrams of an electrical system formed by connecting a battery backup source circuit according to the present invention. Figure twelfth figure: the conventional non-isolated dual bus architecture

Figure 14: # 一 羽 L ′, a non-isolated single-bus UPS with white structure. (2) Symbols of components: 〇) Input power supply (2 〇) AC / DC conversion unit 1) Wangqiao rectifier '(3 〇) DC / AC conversion unit (4 0) load (6 〇) battery backup source circuit 11 1223492 Q 1, Q 2 switch Q 3 ~ Q 6 switch crystal C 1 bus capacitor (BUS capacitor) C 2 output capacitor L1 inductor L2 output inductor

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Claims (1)

1223492 Patent application scope 1. A control of a power supply device J is applied to a power supply device that receives input from a dead power source, the method includes: The phase of the input voltage is different from that of the power supply. For example, the voltage prescription of the turn-in voltage and the output voltage is different. Eight different M-vr pi u! 7 power supply units work with different positive and negative potential zones. In Yichi return type (Flybac "ode), the electric dagger of the eighth line! It is stored in the _ 黾 sense and not directly supplied to the load, to catch the power valley to avoid the input terminal 9, ^ An abnormal loop current occurs in the output 。. 2 · According to the control method of the power supply device described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, although the AC input to the power supply device is de-sourced ... When the phases of the output voltages are the same, the phase is (Boost mode), the aforementioned inductance is first; set the L in a liter dust mode, and then the electric reduction disc will say that the energy is needed by the T-substrate, $ 十 < this 1 US The bus capacitor 3. A non-isolated power supply device, which includes an AC / DC conversion unit and its input power; it is connected to an AC input straight line L / parent current conversion unit, which is connected to the unit and the output of the unit. Ancient, free-of-charge, parent-flow / DC conversion, switching DC to AC output power X, ^ power supply to a load; μ S current input power supply voltage phase π,, make the front six In phase, the DC / DC conversion unit works in a mode), in the human emperor y. · 'Return mode (f lyback #The energy of the pen source is stored in the unit one or two π ^ τ ,,… The parent current / DC conversion unit sense (L) L is not directly supplied to the load, and then the electricity 1223492 will release the energy to the bus capacitor (C1) and then supply power to the load. —4. If a patent is applied for The non-isolated power supply device described in the third item of the scope, the aforementioned AC / DC conversion unit includes: ,,, and full-bridge rectification, each of the two output ends of the full-bridge rectifier is connected to a switch (Q 1, Q 2), Connected between two switching elements (Q 丄, Q There is an inductor (L 1), and ## f f τ], and the second sense (L 1) has two ends (IM, D2) connected in opposite directions, and two diodes ( ΙΜ, D2) The bus capacitors (C 1) are connected to form a single bus single BUS structure. 1 · According to the non-isolated power supply device described in item 3 or 4 of the scope of the patent application, the wheel output of the aforementioned DC eight-current conversion unit is connected with an output inductor (L2) and an output capacitor (C2), and an AC input power supply ( 1) The neutral line is directly connected to the output capacitor (c 2), and the terminal neutral line, where the output capacitor (C 2) is connected to the load. … Then 6 · As in the non-isolated power supply device described in item 3 or 4 of the scope of patent application, the DC / AC conversion unit is a full-bridge inverter. 7. The non-isolated power supply device as described in item 5 of the scope of patent application, the aforementioned DC / AC conversion unit is a full-bridge inverter. 8 · If the non-isolated power supply device described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, when the voltage phase of the AC input power supply and the output voltage phase of the power supply device are at the same time, the AC / DC conversion unit works in a boost mode. In the (Boost mode), the aforementioned inductor (l 1) first stores the energy required for boosting, and then releases energy from the inductor (L 1) to increase the voltage of the bus capacitor (c 丄). 14 1223492 • A non-isolated continuous electric nightmare, a _ _ children's clothing, the system includes: a parent current / DC conversion unit, connected to the power supply; its input terminal is connected-AC input DC / AC conversion unit,俜 The unit of the car is closed in the middle ☆ It is connected to the AC / DC conversion: 糸 The straight “knife is replaced by the AC output voltage to power a load: the battery backup source circuit 'reserves energy when the mains is normal, and When there is an interruption or an abnormality, it will be transferred to the pre-load; Also, the source circuit of the source will continue to supply it. When the phase of the input power voltage and the wheel output make the aforementioned AC / DC conversion unit work: When the bits are different, 'λ, Ma also returns Flyback type (flyback mo e), the energy input from the mains is firstly in the inductor-not directly supplied to the load, the DC conversion unit ^ ^, and then the energy is released by this inductor! I-the bus capacitor (C1) and then Power supply to the load. 10 · As the North hidden device described in item 9 of the scope of the patent application, the aforementioned AC / DC conversion unit includes a plant uninterruptible power supply-full-bridge rectifier 'the two outputs of the full-bridge rectifier Each — The switch (Q1, Q2) 'has an inductor (L1) connected between the two switching elements, and the inductor (D2) is connected to a diode (D1' and ίτ 'individual knives) arranged in the opposite direction. The two diodes fPl 1 and D 2) are connected to the aforementioned bus capacitor (c-work) and single bus (Single BUS) architecture. ^ Early Exchange 11. As described in item 9 or 10 of the scope of patent application Non-isolated uninterruptible power supply, the output of the aforementioned DC / AC conversion unit is connected with two 15 1223492 output inductors (L2) and one round of lightning discharge * electricity 4 ((3 2), Wu source (1 0) neutral line It is directly connected to the wheel ^ and the input current becomes the neutral line of the output terminal, where the wheel: ^ electric valley (C 2), and the load. U (C2) is connected to the negative 1 2 The non-p hybrid uninterruptible device described in item A 丄 0, the aforementioned DC / AC to non-isolated π. ^ Replaced by & τ for a full-bridge inverter. Uli range item 11 The non-isolated non-isolated continuous electrical installation is referred to as a DC / AC conversion unit—a full-bridge inverter. 14 The non-isolated type described in item 9 of the declared patent scope When the power is turned off, the AC / DC conversion unit works in a boost mode when the voltage phase of the parent input power supply is the same as the output voltage phase of the power supply device. The aforementioned inductor ([1) goes first Store the energy required for boosting, and then the inductor (L 1) releases the energy to increase the voltage of the bus capacitor (C 1).