五、發明説明（1 ) 【創作領域】 本發明是有關於一種鋁管，特別是指一種可提昇鋁管 強度，且可降低製造成本之鋁管冷擠之製造方法。 【習知技藝說明】 一般紹合金可區分為熱處理型鋁合金及非熱處理型鋁 合金等兩大類，此兩種鋁合金經由擠型（一般需加熱至550 c )、對接焊接等製造方法均可成型為鋁管，但，當此兩種 不同材質的鋁管欲進行人工強化處理時卻會遭遇以下之困 難： 一、 由於非熱處理型鋁合金一般僅能藉由冷軋、冷鍛 來進行強化處理，但，此種強化處理僅適用於板材或實心 之成品，並不適用於中空之鋁管，因此，目前對於非熱處 理型鋁合金之鋁管並無法有效施以人工強化處理。 二、 對於熱處理型鋁合金之鋁管雖可藉由相關的熱處 理程序（例如固溶處理、時效硬化處理等等）加以強化， 但，熱處理程序所能提昇之鋁管強度有限，且會產生鋁管 變形及尺寸不穩定的問題。 此外’上述的紹管為達 需進行後續之機械加工處理 如此可使該等鋁管達到相關 工處理卻會導致以下之缺失 到相關的尺寸、精度要求，更 ，例如車製、研磨等等，雖然， 的尺寸要求，但，此等機械加V. Description of the Invention (1) [Creation Field] The present invention relates to an aluminum pipe, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a cold-extruded aluminum pipe that can increase the strength of the aluminum pipe and reduce the manufacturing cost. [Know-how Description] General Shao alloys can be divided into two categories: heat-treated aluminum alloys and non-heat-treated aluminum alloys. These two types of aluminum alloys can be manufactured by extrusion (typically heated to 550 c), butt welding, etc. It is formed into an aluminum tube. However, when two kinds of aluminum tubes of different materials are to be artificially strengthened, they will encounter the following difficulties: 1. Non-heat-treated aluminum alloys can only be strengthened by cold rolling and cold forging. However, this type of strengthening treatment is only applicable to sheet metal or solid finished products, and is not suitable for hollow aluminum pipes. Therefore, manual strengthening treatment cannot be effectively applied to aluminum pipes of non-heat-treated aluminum alloys. 2. Although the aluminum tube of heat-treated aluminum alloy can be strengthened by related heat treatment procedures (such as solution treatment, aging hardening treatment, etc.), the strength of aluminum tubes that can be improved by heat treatment procedures is limited and aluminum will be produced. Problems with tube deformation and dimensional instability. In addition, 'the above-mentioned Shao tube needs to be subjected to subsequent mechanical processing so that these aluminum tubes can reach the relevant processing, but it will lead to the following missing to the relevant size and accuracy requirements, such as turning, grinding, etc. Although, the size requirements, but these mechanical processing
五、發明説明（2 ) 相當耗工、耗時的加工處理，因此’隨著鋁管長度的增長， 更會造成加工速度的嚴重減緩，此外，車製、研磨的過程 中’因為刀具、磨具的磨耗，則會造成加工品質不穩定， 導致加工穩定度降低。 二、 耗料性高：車製、研磨均會大量損耗鋁管素材， 如此，不僅會造成材料浪費，t會增加用料成本。 三、 庫存率高··因為車製、研磨所能加工的尺寸變化 有限’且’若車製、研磨的幅度過大，更會導致用料成本 大幅提昇’因A ’業者必需庫存多種不同尺寸的銘管，以 便於進行相關的機械加工，導致業者的庫存率、庫存成本 增高。 四、設計變化性低：由一般車製技術可知，當銘管的 長度大於銘管的五倍直徑長度以上時，銘管的管内車製將 會產生技術上的困難’巾，當鋁管的長度大於鋁管的八倍 直徑長度以上時，銘管的管外車製亦會產生技術±的困難°， 因此’由以上可知車製㈣有―㈣尺寸限制，並無法任 意地將銘管全長車製為所需的壁厚及截面形狀。 五表面光度低.鋁管經一般車製、研磨後，其外表 面會佈滿刀痕’因此，造成銘管的表面光度不佳，而，又 若進行精密研磨，雖可提高光度，卻會造成生產成本增加。 【創作概要】 因此，本發明之目的，即在於提供一種可提昇鋁管強 度’且可改善加工品質、速度，並可降低製造成本之鋁管 冷擠之製造方法。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標iT( CNS) : 及 圖 1220655 五、發明説明（ 於是，本發明之鋁管冷擠之製造方法，該方法包含以 下步驟：-、準備至少一管材：該管材是以銘合金為材質。 二、縮頭處理：使該管材其中一端的管徑收束變小。三、 皮膜處理：將潤滑劑塗佈於該管材上。四 備至少-眼模及至少一心抽，使該心轴伸入該=二 動該管材經縮頭處理的-端，以帶動該管材通過該眼模的 模眼，如此，即可使該管材成型為所需的一鋁管。 【圖式之簡單說明】 本發明之其他特徵及優點，在以下配合參考圖式之較 佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清楚的明白，在圖式中： 第一圖是本發明一較佳實施例的製造流程圖； 第二圖是該較佳實施例之冷擠處理示意圖（一） 第三圖是該較佳實施例之冷擠處理示意圖（二） 第四圖是該較佳實施例之冷擠處理示意圖（三） 第五圖是該較佳實施例之—製成品的局部剖視立體 【較佳實施例之詳細說明】 參閱第-、二、三、四圖，本發明的一較佳實施例， 是包含以下步驟： 一 '準備一管材10:該管材10是以熱處理型鋁合金 為材質，並由擠型成型（加熱至55〇°c )，且，該管材10 成型後已經由固溶處理及時效硬化處理。 二、 縮頭處理：使該管材10其中一端的管徑收束變小。 三、 皮膜處理：將潤滑劑塗佈於該管材10上，在本實 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（210|：2g7貧釐·） " -- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂— 1220655 五、發明説明（ 施例中是使用液態潤滑劑。 四、冷擠處理：準锯一抽描，Λ 艮模20及一心軸3〇，在常溫 下’使該心軸3 0伸入兮技& ! Λ〜 甲該目材10内’推動該管材10經縮頭 處理的一端，以帶動該普 材10通過該眼模20的模眼21， 如此，脫模後即可使該營姑】η占别& 义/ &材10成型為所需的一鋁管4()。 藉此’在步驟一時，兮答奸1 Λ σ η 该&材10已具有與上述習知熱處 理型鋁合金之鋁管相同的％洚，二 丄 強度而’在步驟四，該銘材1〇 在常溫下受到該眼模20、兮心鉦Μ Α 4〜軸30的配合擠壓時，該鋁 材10的晶粒會沿加工方向變形，變為細長的晶粒，而晶粒 的方向大體上會轉到加工的方向，也就是說該銘# 10的组 織會變成為有方向性的組織，而，隨著該㈣10塑性變形 至一定程度時，該鋁材10的晶粒由於滑動作用，其結晶格 子會被分割，而各個部份轉向後將變為細長的結晶，而使 該鋁材10的整個組織呈為纖維狀，即，該鋁材1〇的組織 最終將變成單方向纖維組織，此乃僅次於單晶體的完美結 構，因此，成型後該鋁管40的強度（物性）將會大幅提昇， (根據發明人的實際測试’該紹管4 0的強度會較習知紹管 提昇40%至50% )，且，隨著該鋁管4〇與該鋁材1〇之間 的壓縮比值增加（壓縮比值越大表示該紹管4 〇的管壁越 薄），該鋁管40的強度亦會呈正比增加，因此，在相同安 全規範下，該鋁管40以較薄的管壁厚度即可達到與習知鋁 管相同的強度，如此，不僅可達到輕量化設計的目的，更 可節省材料使用、降低用料成本。 此外，參閱第五圖，本發明藉由數不同尺寸、形狀$ 一1 1 1 —- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) Α4規格（210|2|7$釐） …-…訂：：1:¾. (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用巾HSI家鮮（CNS) M規格（2H^) 1220655 五、發明説明， 該眼模、該心軸（圖未示）的搭配使用，可使該管材i 〇 連續通過不同之該眼模的模眼，進而使該管材1〇可成型為 同時具有不同管壁厚度及不同截面形狀的一鋁管5〇，如第 五圖所示，該鋁管50具有一第一管部51及一第二管部 52,其中，該第一管部51的管壁厚度是大於該第二管部 52的萑土厚度，且，該第一管部5丨的内部截面形狀是呈 多角形，該第二管部52的内部截面形狀是呈圓弧形。 經由以上的說明，可再將本發明的優點歸納如下： 一、 在步驟四的冷擠處理過程中，該鋁材1〇的晶粒受 力擠壓，而成為單方向纖維組織，故，該鋁材1〇成型為該 鋁管40後，該鋁管4〇的強度會大幅提昇，而優於習知的鋁 管。 二、 在步驟四的冷擠處理過程中，本發明之該鋁管4〇 的強度會大幅提昇，故，在相同安全規範下，該鋁管4〇可 達到輕篁化设計的目的，以節省材料使用，並降低材料成 本。 二、在步驟四的冷擠處理過程中，本發明是利用該眼 模20、該心軸30的配合，而使該紹材1〇 _次成型為該紹 管40,且，利用該眼模2〇、該心軸3〇的搭配使用，亦較 習知刀具、磨具更不易產生加工誤差、磨耗的問題，故， 本發明的加工速度快、加工精度高、加工穩定度高。 四、本發明步驟四的冷擠處理是屬於無屑冷作，故， 本發明不會造成材料浪費，而可大幅降低用料成本。 五本發月利用不同之該眼模、該心軸的配合使用， (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} -鲁- 、一叮| 1220655 五、發明説明（6 ) 即可將該㈣w冷擠為各種不同厚度的銘管，因此，業者 僅需庫存少量的該紹材1G，即可進行相關的成型製作， 故，本發明可降低業者的庫存率，進而可減少業者的庫存 成本。 六、 由第五圖可知，在步驟四的冷擠處理過程中，本 發明藉由數木同尺寸、形狀之該财d的搭配使用， 即可同步進行該管材1G的管壁厚度加工及截面形狀加 工，因此’本發明不會產生如習知車製技術上的困難（特 別是管内成型加工），故，本發明成型製作鋁管的尺寸限 制小，而可任意地將鋁管全長成型為所需的壁厚及截面形 狀。 七、 在步驟四的冷擠處理過程中，該鋁材1〇内、外徑 被同步精抽，而生成光面，因此，初步成型的該鋁管4〇 即具有較習知初步製作之鋁管更佳的表面光度，故，本發 明之製成品的表面光度佳。 此外，值得一提的是，雖然，以非熱處理型鋁合金為 材質的管材，由於其自身材料特性的限制，經本發明之相 關步驟處理後，其所能提昇的強度仍為有限，但，本發明 仍可適用於以非熱處理型鋁合金為材質的管材。 歸納上述，本發明之鋁管冷擠之製造方法，不僅可改 善、提昇鋁管強度，且可改善加工品質、速度，並可有效 減少銘材的耗損、降低製造成本，故確實能達到發明之目 的。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（〇jS)人4規格（21〇肇2餐7會董） 1220655 A7 B7 五、發明説明（7 ) 能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利 範圍及創作說明書内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆 仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（210|2琴7貧釐} 1220655 A7 _B7五、發明説明（8 ) 【元件標號對照】 本發明圖式中之元件標號： 10…管材 20…眼模 3 0…心轴 4 0…銘管 50…鋁管 51···第一管部 21…模眼 52···第二管部 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（:V. Description of the invention (2) It is quite labor-consuming and time-consuming processing. Therefore, as the length of the aluminum pipe increases, the processing speed will be severely slowed down. In addition, in the process of turning and grinding, because of cutting tools and grinding, Wear of the tool will cause unstable processing quality and reduce processing stability. 2. Consumption is high: aluminum materials will be wasted a lot when turning and grinding, which will not only cause material waste, but also increase the cost of materials. Third, the inventory rate is high ... because the size of the lathe and grinding can be limited, and 'if the lathe and lapping are too large, the cost of materials will increase significantly. Ming tube, in order to facilitate the related mechanical processing, leading to increased inventory rates and inventory costs of the operators. 4. Low design variability: It can be known from general car manufacturing technology that when the length of the Ming tube is more than five times the diameter of the Ming tube, the inside of the tube of the Ming tube will cause technical difficulties. When the length of the aluminum tube When the diameter is longer than eight times the diameter of the aluminum tube, the out-of-pipe turning system of the Ming pipe will also cause technical difficulties. Therefore, 'the car system has ㈣ size restrictions from the above, and it is impossible to arbitrarily turn the entire length of the pipe. For the required wall thickness and cross-sectional shape. Five surfaces have low luminosity. After the ordinary turning and grinding of aluminum tubes, the outer surface will be covered with knife marks'. Therefore, the surface luminosity of the Ming tube is not good, and if precision polishing is performed, although the luminosity can be improved, it will Causes increased production costs. [Creation Summary] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for cold extrusion of an aluminum pipe which can improve the strength of an aluminum pipe ', can improve the processing quality and speed, and can reduce the manufacturing cost. This paper standard is applicable to Chinese national standard iT (CNS): and Figure 1220655 V. Description of the invention (thus, the method for manufacturing the aluminum tube cold extrusion of the present invention, the method includes the following steps:-, preparing at least one tube: the tube is based on Ming alloy is made of material. 2. Shrinking treatment: make the diameter of one end of the pipe narrower. 3. Film treatment: apply lubricant to the pipe. At least-eye mold and at least one pumping. The mandrel is extended into the = end of the tube which has been reduced by two movements to drive the tube through the die hole of the eye mold, so that the tube can be formed into a desired aluminum tube. [Figure Simple description of the formula] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be clearly understood in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings. In the drawings: The first figure is a preferred implementation of the present invention The manufacturing process of the example; the second figure is the schematic diagram of the cold extrusion process of the preferred embodiment (a) the third figure is the schematic diagram of the cold extrusion process of the preferred embodiment (b) the fourth figure is the preferred embodiment of the Schematic diagram of cold extrusion processing (3) It is one of the preferred embodiments—a partially cutaway three-dimensional view of the finished product. [Detailed description of the preferred embodiment] Referring to Figures-2, 2, 3, and 4, a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:- 'Prepare a pipe 10: the pipe 10 is made of heat-treated aluminum alloy and extruded (heated to 55 ° C), and the pipe 10 has been solid-solution treated and age-hardened after forming. 1. Shrink treatment: make the diameter of one end of the pipe 10 narrower. 3. Film treatment: apply lubricant to the pipe 10, and apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification to the actual paper size. (210 |: 2g7 poor.) &Quot;-(Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Order — 1220655 V. Description of the invention (In the example, a liquid lubricant is used. 4. Cold extrusion processing: accurate Saw a drawing, Λ gen die 20 and a mandrel 30, at normal temperature, 'make the mandrel 30 into the Xiji &! Λ ~ A inside the head material 10' to push the pipe 10 through the shrinking treatment One end to drive the common material 10 through the die eye 21 of the eye die 20, so after demolding It can make the camper ’s account & righteousness & material 10 formed into a required aluminum tube 4 (). By this, at the time of step one, the gangster 1 Λ σ η the & material 10 already has It has the same% 洚 and 2 丄 strength as the aluminum tube of the conventional heat-treated aluminum alloy, and in step 4, the inscription material 10 is subjected to the cooperation of the eye mold 20 and the core Α 4 ~ shaft 30 at normal temperature. During extrusion, the grains of the aluminum material 10 will deform along the processing direction and become elongated grains, and the direction of the grains will generally turn to the processing direction, which means that the structure of the Ming # 10 will become It is a directional structure, and as the ㈣10 is plastically deformed to a certain degree, the crystal lattice of the aluminum material 10 will be divided due to sliding action, and the various parts will turn into slender crystals after turning. The entire structure of the aluminum material 10 is fibrous, that is, the structure of the aluminum material 10 will eventually become a unidirectional fibrous structure, which is the perfect structure after the single crystal. Therefore, the aluminum tube 40 is formed after molding. The strength (physical properties) will be greatly improved. (According to the actual test of the inventor, the strength of this Shao tube 4 0 It will be increased by 40% to 50% compared to the conventional tube, and as the compression ratio between the aluminum tube 40 and the aluminum material 10 increases (the larger the compression ratio value, the more the wall of the tube 40 Thin), the strength of the aluminum pipe 40 will also increase proportionally. Therefore, under the same safety regulations, the aluminum pipe 40 can achieve the same strength as the conventional aluminum pipe with a thinner wall thickness. Reaching the goal of lightweight design can save material use and reduce material costs. In addition, referring to the fifth figure, the present invention adopts different sizes and shapes. $ 1 1 1 1 —- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 | 2 | 7 $ cents)… -... Order :: 1: ¾. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size is suitable for towels HSI household products (CNS) M specifications (2H ^) 1220655 V. Description of the invention, the eye mold, the mandrel (figure not shown) (Shown), the tube i 〇 can be continuously passed through different die holes of the eye mold, so that the tube 10 can be formed into an aluminum tube 50 with different wall thicknesses and different cross-sectional shapes, such as As shown in the fifth figure, the aluminum tube 50 has a first tube portion 51 and a second tube portion 52, wherein the wall thickness of the first tube portion 51 is greater than the thickness of the earth of the second tube portion 52, In addition, the internal cross-sectional shape of the first tube portion 5 is a polygonal shape, and the internal cross-sectional shape of the second tube portion 52 is a circular arc shape. Through the above description, the advantages of the present invention can be summarized as follows: 1. In the cold extrusion process of step 4, the grains of the aluminum material 10 are pressed by force to become a unidirectional fibrous structure. Therefore, the After the aluminum material 10 is formed into the aluminum tube 40, the strength of the aluminum tube 40 will be greatly improved, which is better than the conventional aluminum tube. 2. During the cold extrusion process in step 4, the strength of the aluminum tube 40 of the present invention will be greatly improved. Therefore, under the same safety specifications, the aluminum tube 40 can achieve the purpose of lightweight design. Save material usage and reduce material costs. 2. In the cold extrusion process of step 4, the present invention utilizes the cooperation of the eye mold 20 and the mandrel 30 to form the Shao material 10 times into the Shao tube 40, and uses the eye mold 20. The combination and use of the mandrel 30 is also less prone to machining errors and wear problems than conventional tools and abrasive tools. Therefore, the present invention has fast processing speed, high processing accuracy, and high processing stability. 4. The cold extrusion process of step 4 of the present invention belongs to chipless cold work. Therefore, the present invention does not cause material waste, and can greatly reduce the cost of materials. Wu Benfa uses different combinations of the eye mold and the mandrel, (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page} -Lu-, Yiding | 1220655 V. Description of the invention (6)冷 w is cold-extruded for various thicknesses of tubes. Therefore, the industry only needs to stock a small amount of 1G of this Shao material, and the related molding can be performed. Therefore, the invention can reduce the inventory rate of the industry, thereby reducing the inventory cost of the industry 6. As can be seen from the fifth figure, during the cold extrusion process in step 4, the present invention can simultaneously perform the wall thickness processing of the pipe 1G and the thickness of the pipe 1G by using a combination of several woods of the same size and shape. The cross-sectional shape is processed. Therefore, the present invention does not cause difficulties in the conventional car manufacturing technology (especially in-tube forming processing). Therefore, the size limitation of the aluminum pipe formed by the present invention is small, and the entire length of the aluminum pipe can be arbitrarily formed. Is the required wall thickness and cross-sectional shape. 7. During the cold extrusion process in step 4, the inside and outside diameters of the aluminum material 10 are simultaneously finely drawn to produce a smooth surface. Therefore, the aluminum tube 4 is initially formed. 〇 has more habits The initially produced aluminum tube has better surface gloss, so the surface gloss of the finished product of the present invention is better. In addition, it is worth mentioning that although the non-heat-treated aluminum alloy is used as the material of the tube, due to its own material characteristics, Limitation: After the relevant steps of the present invention are processed, the strength that can be improved is still limited, but the present invention can still be applied to pipes made of non-heat-treated aluminum alloy. In summary, the cold extrusion of the aluminum pipe of the present invention The manufacturing method can not only improve and enhance the strength of the aluminum pipe, but also improve the processing quality and speed, and can effectively reduce the consumption of the Ming material and reduce the manufacturing cost, so it can indeed achieve the purpose of the invention. Only the preferred embodiment of the invention, when this paper size is not applicable to the Chinese national standard (〇jS) person 4 specifications (21〇 Zhao 2 meals 7 meeting directors) 1220655 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) The invention can be defined in this way The scope of implementation, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application and the content of the creative description of the present invention, are still covered by the patent of the present invention. Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 | 2 piano 7 poor) 1220655 A7 _B7 V. Description of the invention (8) [Comparison of component numbers] The present invention Element numbers in the drawings: 10 ... tube 20 ... eye mold 3 0 ... mandrel 4 0 ... name tube 50 ... aluminum tube 51 ... first tube section 21 ... die eye 52 ... second tube section (please (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (: