588140 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 Λ7 B7 五、發明說明（） 發明領域： 本發明係有關於一種具有環保及經濟效益的動力產生 系統，特別是有關於一種以各種可燃物質來進行燃燒過程 以達到良好發電效益、避免空氣污染物與二氧化碳的排 放、且可回收液態二氧化氮、二氧化硫、與二氧化碳之動 力產生系統。 發明背景： 習知常用的動力產生系統包括燃燒爐、蒸氣锅爐、汽 輪機、以及集塵器等。此種動力及蒸氣的開發過程已經有 幾十年的歷史。常用的動力廠，特別是燒煤炭之火力發電 廠，會排放大量的二氧化氮、二氧化硫、一氧化碳、粒狀 污染物、重金屬、以及不完全燃燒物質。由於空氣污染控 制法規制定的愈來愈嚴格，因此動力廠必須使用更複雜及 更昂責的污染控制系統才能符合法定的排放標準。一種煙 道氣的除硫系統（flue gas desulfurization)或一種流化床式 的燃燒爐（fluidized bed combustion furnace)非常廣泛地用 於二氧化硫的污染控制。對於二氧化氮的污染控制而言， 發電廠必須裝有控制氮氧化物的設備，例如一種利用燃燒 煙道氣循環（combustion flue gas recirculation)並備有水或 水蒸氣喷射（water or steam injection)來達到多層燃燒 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填冩本頁) --------訂·------- 588140 Λ7 B7 五、發明說明（） (stage combustion)之設備、一種低氮氧化物的燃燒器（1〇w ΝΟχ burners)、一種選擇性的觸媒還原系統（selective catalytic reduction system)、一種非選擇性的觸媒還原系統 (non-selective catalytic reduction system)、或其中任何組 合，才能符合法定的排放量。 自從1980年起’整合煤炭氣化（coal gasification)及燃 氣渦輪機（gas turbine)與汽輪機（steam turbine)之整合式氣 化組合循環（integrated gasification combined cycle; IGCC) 概念充分地被探討。IGCC利用氧來進行煤炭氣化並產生含 有甲烷、硫化氧、一氧化碳、與氨等物質的氣流體。氣流 體經過如Claus除硫裝置之除硫系統後，再與空氣在燃氣 渦輪機内燃燒發電。從燃氣渦輪機排放出的燃燒煙道氣再 加熱後，經過蒸氣鍋爐而產生水蒸氣以推動汽輪機發電。 除了昂貴的除硫系統外，IGCC還必須裝有除氧化氮設備才 能符合目前的環保規定。 自從Kyoto協定（Kyoto Accord)中協議減少二氧化碳的 排放後，燃煤動力廠就受到高度的關切。二氧化碳是一種 溫室氣體，會造成地球的暖化及相關的氣候變化。雖然燃 煤動力廠仍然是最具有經濟效益的動力廠，然而其二氧化 碳的排放量至少是天然氣動力廠的兩倍。一種一乙醇胺 (monoethanolamine ; MEA)二氧化碳洗務系統則是利用一乙 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公蜚） (請先閱讀资面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂·-------〆 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 588140 A7 B7 五、發明說明（） 醇胺當吸收劑來回收燃燒煙道氣中的二氧化碳，但此ME A 系統還不是很有經濟效益。由於減少煙道氣量及增加二氧 化碳的濃度可增強二氧化碳的回收，因此氧被建議逐漸地 取代空氣以進行燃燒。588140 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Λ7 B7 V. Description of the invention () Field of the invention: The invention relates to a power generation system with environmental protection and economic benefits, and in particular to a combustion using various combustible substances Process to achieve good power generation benefits, avoid emissions of air pollutants and carbon dioxide, and recover liquid nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon dioxide power generation systems. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION: Conventional power generation systems include combustion furnaces, steam boilers, turbines, and dust collectors. The development of this power and steam has been going on for decades. Commonly used power plants, especially coal-fired thermal power plants, emit large amounts of nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, particulate pollutants, heavy metals, and incompletely combustible substances. As air pollution control regulations become more stringent, power plants must use more complex and accountable pollution control systems to meet statutory emissions standards. A flue gas desulfurization system or a fluidized bed combustion furnace is widely used for sulfur dioxide pollution control. For nitrogen dioxide pollution control, power plants must be equipped with equipment to control nitrogen oxides, such as a combustion flue gas recirculation and water or steam injection In order to achieve multi-layer burning, this paper is also applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) -------- Order ·- ----- 588140 Λ7 B7 V. Description of the invention (stage combustion) equipment, a low nitrogen oxide burner (10w NOX burners), a selective catalytic reduction system (selective catalytic reduction system) ), A non-selective catalytic reduction system, or any combination thereof, in order to meet legal emissions. Since 1980, the concept of 'integrated coal gasification' and the integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) of a gas turbine and a steam turbine have been fully explored. IGCC uses oxygen to gasify coal and produce a gaseous fluid containing methane, oxygen sulfide, carbon monoxide, and ammonia. The gas stream passes through a desulfurization system such as a Claus desulfurization device, and then combusts with air to generate electricity in a gas turbine. After the combustion flue gas discharged from the gas turbine is reheated, it passes through a steam boiler to generate water vapor to propel the steam turbine to generate electricity. In addition to expensive desulfurization systems, IGCC must also be equipped with nitrogen oxide removal equipment to comply with current environmental regulations. Since the agreement in the Kyoto Accord to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, coal-fired power plants have received high attention. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that causes warming of the planet and related climate change. Although coal-fired power plants are still the most economical power plants, their CO2 emissions are at least twice that of natural gas power plants. A monoethanolamine (MEA) carbon dioxide washing system uses a single paper size to apply Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 cm) (please read the precautions before filling in this page) -------- Order · ------- 〆Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 588140 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention () Alcohol amines are used as absorbents to recover the combustion flue gas. CO2, but this ME A system is not very economical yet. Since reducing the amount of flue gas and increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide can enhance the recovery of carbon dioxide, oxygen is proposed to gradually replace air for combustion.
Clark在美國專利第5,9〇6,8〇6號中揭露一種從燃燒氣 中回收二氧化碳之專利。Clark係利用兩個燃燒爐所組成的 動力廠將燃料、氧、水、及部分回流的燃燒氣引進每個燃 燒爐中來進行燃燒，並藉以控制燃燒溫度及回收二氧化 碳。為了更進一步控制及減少不完全燃燒污染物的排放， Clark建議的動力廠必須具備更昂貴的污染控制系統，例如 電子束反應爐（electron beam reactor)、臭氧燃燒室（ozone oxidation chamber)、以及靜電集塵器與觸媒反應爐 (electrostatic precipitator with catalytic reactor)等。此外， 被處理後的燃燒氣仍然會被排放出去。這些被排放的燃燒 氣尚含有不完全燃燒物質、其它污染物、以及氧。排放含 有氧的燃燒氣將降低氧及空氣分離器的使用效益。 F ass bender在美國專利第6,196,000號中揭露另一種從 燃燒氣中回收二氧化碳之專利。Fassbender建議以氧氣及 從燃燒煙道氣回收的液態二氧化碳來進行燃燒為了增加 熱力效益（thermodynamic efficiency)及二氧化碳的回收’ Fassbender建議一種高壓動力產生系統。整個系統包括反 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公t ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ---11 111 11 — — — — — — — 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 588140 A7 __ B7 五、發明說明（) 應室（reactor chamber)、水壓筒（hydrocone)、熱交換器（heat exchangers)、冷凝器（condenser)等單元，且皆在絕對氣壓 約3 00磅/平方英吋至5,000磅/平方英吋下操作。這些高壓 容器不僅需要多餘的動力，同時也成為安全上的問題。此 外，此種高壓動力產生系統仍然將含有空氣污染物及氧氣 的燃燒煙道氣排放於大氣中。 發明目的及概述： 繁於上述發明背景中，習知動力產生系統之缺點，因 此本發明之目的為提供一種整合式的燃燒過程，可用以有 效地開發動力 '回收廢熱與副產品、並清除空氣污染。 依據本發明之上述目的，因此本發明提供一種動力系 統，包括燃燒爐、空氣分離器、附有節熱器的蒸氣鍋爐、 煙灰與酸氣的回收系統、冷凝器、以及吸收式冷卻機，共 同結合成二個燃燒煙道氣流循環圈，藉以提高用於發電的 過熱水蒸氣之品質，並防止燃燒煙道氣流的排放。 由於氧氣取代空氣所產生的燃燒氣流之燃燒溫度特別 南’因此為了控制燃燒溫度，第一燃燒煙道氣流循環圈將 部分燃燒煙道氣流從節熱器回流至燃繞爐。第一燃燒煙道 氣流之從節熱器至燃燒爐的回流量主要取決於燃料的化學 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公餐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 tr--------華· 588140 Α7 Β7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（ 成分及熱含量。來自節熱器之另一部份燃燒煙道氣流經過 農化氧流加熱器以進一步回收廢熱，然後再經過煙灰及酸 器洗條系統與副產品冷凝器β來自二氧化碳冷凝器之燃燒 煙道氣流與來自空氣分離器之濃化氧流混合後再流回至燃 燒爐。第二燃燒煙道氣流循環圈的目的是免除不完全燃燒 污染物的排放，以及再使用滯留在燃燒煙道氣流中的氧。 因此’依據本發明所設計的燃燒過程不必排放空氣污染物 與燃燒煙道氣於大氣層中。來自空氣分離器之濃化氮流可 用於各種冷凝器中，藉以冷卻凝結並回收副產品。吸收式 冷卻機被整合於本系統中，以回收來自汽輪機之廢水蒸 氣’並轉換成冷氣。吸收式冷卻機所產生的冷卻量將加強 系統中的冷凝器之經濟效益，並可將多餘的冷氣提供給工 業區、商業區、或住宅區β 圖+式簡單說明： 本發明的較佳實施例將於往後之說明文字中辅以下列 圖示做更詳細的闡述，其中： 第1圖係繪示本發明之一較佳實施例之燃燒煙道氣 流、濃化氧流、及濃化氮流之方塊流程圖； 第2圖係繪示一種煤炭的化學成分、燃燒產物、及其 各有關物質的沸點、熔點、與蒸發熱之表格；以及 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規烙（210 X 297公釐） ------------------訂— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 588140 A7Clark discloses a patent for recovering carbon dioxide from combustion gases in U.S. Patent No. 5,906,806. Clark uses a power plant composed of two combustion furnaces to introduce fuel, oxygen, water, and partially refluxed combustion gases into each combustion furnace for combustion, thereby controlling the combustion temperature and recovering carbon dioxide. In order to further control and reduce emissions of incomplete combustion pollutants, Clark's proposed power plant must have more expensive pollution control systems, such as electron beam reactors, ozone oxidation chambers, and static electricity Electrostatic precipitator with catalytic reactor, etc. In addition, the treated combustion gas will still be discharged. These emitted combustion gases still contain incomplete combustion materials, other pollutants, and oxygen. Discharging aerobic combustion gases will reduce the effectiveness of the use of oxygen and air separators. Fass bender in U.S. Patent No. 6,196,000 discloses another patent for recovering carbon dioxide from combustion gases. Fassbender proposes combustion with oxygen and liquid carbon dioxide recovered from the combustion flue gas. To increase thermodynamic efficiency and carbon dioxide recovery, Fassbender proposes a high-pressure power generation system. The entire system includes the anti-paper size applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 g t) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) --- 11 111 11 — — — — — — — Economy Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Ministry of Intellectual Property Bureau Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Ministry of Economics and Intellectual Property Bureau Printed by 588140 A7 __ B7 V. Description of the invention () reactor chamber, hydrocone, heat exchangers , Condenser (condenser) and other units, and all operate at an absolute pressure of about 300 pounds per square inch to 5,000 pounds per square inch. These high-pressure vessels not only require excess power, but also become a safety issue. In addition, this high-pressure power generation system still emits combustion flue gas containing air pollutants and oxygen into the atmosphere. Object and summary of the invention: The disadvantages of the power generation system are known in the background of the invention. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an integrated combustion process that can be used to effectively develop power to recover waste heat and by-products and remove air pollution. . According to the above purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a power system including a combustion furnace, an air separator, a steam boiler with a economizer, a soot and acid gas recovery system, a condenser, and an absorption cooler. Combined into two combustion flue gas circulation loops to improve the quality of superheated steam used for power generation and prevent the emission of combustion flue gas flow. Because the combustion temperature of the combustion air stream generated by the replacement of air by oxygen is particularly low, in order to control the combustion temperature, the first combustion flue gas air circulation loop returns part of the combustion flue gas stream from the economizer to the combustion furnace. The return flow of the first combustion flue gas flow from the economizer to the combustion furnace is mainly determined by the chemistry of the fuel. The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 meals) (Please read the precautions on the back first) (Fill in this page again) Install tr -------- Hua · 588140 Α7 Β7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Invention Description (Composition and heat content. Combustion from another part of the economizer The flue gas stream passes the agrochemical oxygen stream heater to further recover waste heat, and then passes through the soot and acid strip cleaning system and the by-product condenser. The combustion flue gas stream from the carbon dioxide condenser is mixed with the concentrated oxygen stream from the air separator. It then flows back to the combustion furnace. The purpose of the second combustion flue gas circulation loop is to avoid the emission of incomplete combustion pollutants and reuse the oxygen trapped in the combustion flue gas flow. Therefore, the combustion designed according to the present invention The process does not have to emit air pollutants and combustion flue gases into the atmosphere. The concentrated nitrogen stream from the air separator can be used in various condensers to cool the condensation and recover by-products The absorption cooler is integrated in the system to recover the waste water vapor from the steam turbine and convert it into cold air. The cooling capacity generated by the absorption cooler will enhance the economic efficiency of the condenser in the system and reduce the excess The air-conditioning is provided to the industrial zone, commercial zone, or residential zone. Figure + + Brief description: The preferred embodiment of the present invention will be explained in more detail in the following explanatory text with the following diagrams, of which: Figure 1 FIG. 2 is a block flow diagram showing a combustion flue gas stream, a concentrated oxygen stream, and a concentrated nitrogen stream according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a chemical composition, a combustion product, and each of a coal Tables about the boiling point, melting point, and evaporation heat of related substances; and this paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ---------------- --Order— (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 588140 A7
五、發明說明（) 第3圖係繪示整體的動力系統是如何利用本發明來達 成無燃燒煙道氣及無空氣污染物之排放。 圖號對照說明： 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 11 燃 燒爐 1 1 A 循 環扇 1 1B 循 環扇 11C 進 a 泵 12 爐 灰收 集 槽 13 蒸 氣鋼爐 14 汽輪機 15 節 熱 器 16 燃 燒煙 道 氣 流歧管 17 濃 化 氧 流 加 熱 器 18 水 蒸氣 冷 凝 器 18A 水 收 集 槽 19 二 氧化 氮 冷 凝 器 19A 液 態 二 氧 化 氮 收 集 槽 20 二 氧化 硫 冷 凝 器 20A 液 態 二 氧 化 硫 收 集 槽 21 二 氧化 碳 冷 凝 器 21 A 液 態 二 氧 化 碳 收 集 槽 21B 煙 道氣 循 環扇 21C 濃 化 氧 流歧 管 22 空 氣分 離 器 22A 空 氣 循 環 扇 23 吸 收式 冷卻 機 23A 冷卻 劑 流 進 σ 泵 23B 冷卻劑 流 進 a 泵 24 除 空 氣 器 24A 水 及水 蒸 氣 流 進口泵 25 煙 灰 及 酸 氣 洗 /條 系 統 26 煙 灰收 集 槽 27 燃 燒 煙 道 氣 流 28 燃 燒煙 道 氣 流 29 燃 燒 煙 道 氣 流 30 燃 燒煙 道 氣 流 3 1 燃 燒 煙 道 氣 流 32 燃 燒煙 道 氣 流 33 燃 燒 煙 道 氣 流 8 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） t請先fla讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ----I I I I ^ ----I I-- 588140 A7 R7五、發明說明（） 34 燃燒 煙 道 氣 流 35 燃 燒 煙 道 氣 流 36 燃燒 煙 道 氣 流 37 燃 燒 煙 道 氣 流 38 濃化 氧 流 39 農 化 氧 流 40 濃化 氧 流 41 濃 化 氧 流 42 濃化 氧 流 43 濃 化 氧 流 44 濃化 氧 流 45 濃 化 氮 流 46 濃化 氮 流 47 濃 化 氮 流 48 濃化 氮 流 49 濃 化 氮 流 50 過熱 水 蒸 氣 51 廢 水 蒸 氣 流 52 水蒸 氣 凝 液 53 水 及 水 蒸 氣 流 54 水及 水 蒸 氣 流 55 冷卻 劑 流 56 冷卻 劑 流 57 冷卻 劑 流 58 冷卻 劑 流 59 爐 灰 渣 流 60 煙灰 渣 流 61 空 氣 62 燃料 流 63 液 態 氧 化 碳或水 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 發明詳細說明： 第1圖所繪示之方塊流程圖係說明本發明之各項目 的，其中是以濃化氧流來進行燃燒並產生動力，而不排放 燃燒煙道氣及空氣污染物。第3圖則是用圖解的方法來說 明各單元及各流體的關係。 --------訂·------- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公t ) 588140 A7 B7 五、發明說明（） 燃料的熱含量及化學成分可決定進行燃燒所需氧的理 論值。燃燒一磅的煤炭之熱含量及化學成分如第2圖中所 列示，且需要約2.4磅的氧。相對地，一碎的甲院則需要 約4 · 0碎的氧來燃燒。請參考第3圖。在開機狀態期間 (startup mode)，燃料流62與濃化氧流44在燃燒爐1 1内燃 燒時，液態二氧化碳或水6 3經由進口泵n c進入燃燒爐 1 1内，藉以控制燃燒溫度，一直到整個系統達到正常的操 作模態（normal mode of operation)為止。此外，除了上述煤 炭及甲烧以外，本發明中亦可使用廢木料、垃圾燃料、其 它天然氣、石化燃料、可燃廢棄物、及其任意組合做為燃 料流62。 對於耐火牆式的燃燒爐1 1而言，要保持燃燒溫度在華 氏20 00度至2500度間，需要約8磅至12磅的液態二氧化 碳或約4磅至5磅的水。相對地，一磅的甲烷則需要約1 8 磅至24磅的液態二氧化碳或約7.5磅至9.5磅的水。對於 水牆式的燃燒爐1 1而言，因水從牆壁内的水管流過’因而 降低燃燒溫度，故其用來控制燃燒溫度所需注入的液態二 氧化碳或水63就比耐火牆式的燃燒爐1 1少。 燃燒爐11係為一般在此發明領域之人士所了解的裝 置。此外，水封式（waterseal)的爐灰收集槽12用以收集從 燃燒爐11掉下的爐灰並防止空氣進入燃燒爐Π°爐灰渣 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 x 297公楚） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -----I I I 訂·----I--· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 588140 Λ7 B7 五、發明說明（ 流（sludge stream)59將從爐灰收集槽12被抽出至爐灰及煙 灰管理及處理系統（未繪示）^ 介於約華式2000度至2500度間的燃燒煙道氣流 (combustion flue gas stream)27從燃燒爐1 1進入蒸氣鍋爐 (steam boiler)13，並將其熱量間接地傳給來自節熱器 (economize〇15的水及水蒸氣流54，且使水及水蒸氣流54 變成過熱水蒸氣（superheated steam)50。過熱水蒸氣50推 動汽輪機（steam turbine)14而產生電力。介於約華式800 度至1 0 0 0度間的燃燒煙道氣流2 8從蒸氣鋼爐1 3進入節熱 器15，並將其熱量間接地傳給來自除空氣器（de-acrat〇r)24 的水及水蒸氣流5 3，而水及水蒸氣流5 3係藉由水及水蒸 氣流進口泵24A進入節熱器15。介於約華式600度至800 度間的燃燒煙道氣流2 9從節熱器1 5進入燃燒煙道氣流歧 管（flue gas manifold)16，並於此一分為二，產生燃燒煙道 氣流3 0及燃燒煙道氣流3 1 蒸氣鋼爐1 3與節熱器1 5亦 為一般在此發明領域之人士所了解的裝置。 (請先閱讀背面<注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝--------訂-------- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 藉者燃燒煙道乳流30的檐環扇（flue gas recirculation fan) 1 1 A ’燃燒煙道氣流30回流至燃燒爐η以控制燃燒溫 度。燃燒煙道氣流3 1則是被引進濃化氧流加熱器（oxygen_ enriched stream heater)17中。燃料的熱含量與其化學成分 可決定燃燒煙道氣流30及燃燒煙道氣流31的流量比。當 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規烙（210 X 297公釐） 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 588140 A7 _______ B7 _ 五、發明說明（） 燃燒過程達到正常的操作狀態時，如第2圖所述的煤炭之 燃燒煙道氣流3 0及燃燒煙道氣流3 1的流量比係介於約4 與7之間。相對地，當使用甲烷來燃燒時，其燃燒煙道氣 流3 0及燃燒煙道氣流3 1的流量比係介於約5與8.5之間。 對於水牆式的燃燒爐1 1而言，由於水從牆壁水管流過會降 低燃燒溫度，因此其流量比便明顯地降低。 在正常的操作狀態下，燃燒煙道氣流31與一般以空氣 燃燒所產生的燃燒煙道氣流之體積比少於3 0 °/。。而濃化氧 流加熱器1 7是一種間接式的熱交換器，亦為一般在此發明 領域之人士所了解的裝置。在濃化氧流加熱器1 7中，燃燒 煙道氣流 31預熱來自水蒸氣冷凝器（water vapor condenser)18之濃化氧流43。介於約華式250度至450度 間的燃燒煙道氣流32進入煙灰及酸氣洗滌系統（dust and acid gas removal unit)25中，以去除煙灰及酸性氣體。煙灰 及酸氣洗滌系統25可能是袋式集塵器（baghouse)、乾式或 溼式旋風集塵器（dry or wet cyclone)、乾式或溼式多管旋風 集塵器（dry or wet multiple-cyclone)、細腰洗條器（venturi scrubber)、填充床吸收器（packed bed absorber)、靜電積塵 器（electrostatic precipitator)、或是其中任何組合，其中袋 式集塵器將以二氧化碳喷射器取代一般所使用的空氣喷射 器來進行週期性的濾袋清除，藉以防止空氣進入該第二燃 燒煙道氣流中。上述裝置皆是一般在此發明領域之人士所 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公餐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)V. Description of the invention () Figure 3 shows how the overall power system uses the invention to achieve the emission of non-burning flue gas and air pollutants. Comparative description of drawing numbers: Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 11 Combustion furnace 1 1 A Circulating fan 1 1B Circulating fan 11C Into a Pump 12 Furnace ash collection tank 13 Steam steel furnace 14 Steam turbine 15 Economizer 16 Combustion flue Air Manifold 17 Concentrated oxygen flow heater 18 Water vapor condenser 18A Water collection tank 19 Nitrogen dioxide condenser 19A Liquid nitrogen dioxide collection tank 20 Sulfur dioxide condenser 20A Liquid sulfur dioxide collection tank 21 Carbon dioxide condenser 21 A Liquid carbon dioxide collection Tank 21B Flue gas circulation fan 21C Concentrated oxygen flow manifold 22 Air separator 22A Air circulation fan 23 Absorption cooler 23A Coolant flows into σ Pump 23B Coolant flows into a Pump 24 Deaerator 24A Water and water vapor Inlet pump 25 Soot and acid gas washing / strip system 26 Soot collection tank 27 Burning flue gas flow 28 Burning flue gas flow 29 Burning flue gas flow 30 Combustion Flue gas flow 3 1 Burning flue gas flow 32 Burning flue gas flow 33 Burning flue gas flow 8 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) t Please read the notes on the back before filling (This page) ---- IIII ^ ---- I I-- 588140 A7 R7 V. Description of the invention () 34 Burning flue gas flow 35 Burning flue gas flow 36 Burning flue gas flow 37 Burning flue gas flow 38 Concentrated oxygen Stream 39 Agrochemical stream 40 Concentrated oxygen stream 41 Concentrated oxygen stream 42 Concentrated oxygen stream 43 Concentrated oxygen stream 44 Concentrated oxygen stream 45 Concentrated nitrogen stream 46 Concentrated nitrogen stream 47 Concentrated nitrogen stream 48 Concentrated nitrogen Stream 49 Concentrated nitrogen stream 50 Superheated steam 51 Waste water vapor stream 52 Water vapor condensate 53 Water and water vapor stream 54 Water and water vapor stream 55 Coolant stream 56 Coolant stream 57 Coolant stream 58 Coolant stream 59 Furnace ash Slag stream 60 Soot slag stream 61 Air 62 Fuel stream 63 Liquid carbon oxide or water (Please read the precautions on the back first (Fill in this page) Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the Consumer Cooperatives printed a detailed description of the invention: The block flow diagram shown in Figure 1 illustrates the various aspects of the present invention, in which a concentrated oxygen stream is used to burn and generate power Without emitting combustion flue gas and air pollutants. Figure 3 illustrates the relationship between each unit and each fluid using a graphical method. -------- Order · ------- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 g) 588140 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention () Fuel heat content and The chemical composition determines the theoretical value of the oxygen required for combustion. The heat content and chemical composition of one pound of coal is shown in Figure 2 and requires approximately 2.4 pounds of oxygen. In contrast, a broken A-yard requires about 4.0 broken pieces of oxygen to burn. Please refer to Figure 3. During the startup mode, when the fuel stream 62 and the enriched oxygen stream 44 are burned in the combustion furnace 1 1, liquid carbon dioxide or water 6 3 enters the combustion furnace 11 through the inlet pump nc, so as to control the combustion temperature, Until the entire system reaches a normal mode of operation. In addition, in addition to the above-mentioned coal and methane, waste wood, garbage fuel, other natural gas, petrochemical fuel, combustible waste, and any combination thereof may be used as the fuel stream 62 in the present invention. For a refractory wall type furnace 11 to maintain a combustion temperature between 2000 and 2500 degrees Fahrenheit, about 8 to 12 pounds of liquid carbon dioxide or about 4 to 5 pounds of water is required. In contrast, one pound of methane requires about 18 to 24 pounds of liquid carbon dioxide or about 7.5 to 9.5 pounds of water. For the water wall type combustion furnace 11, because water flows through the water pipe in the wall, thereby reducing the combustion temperature, the liquid carbon dioxide or water 63 required to control the combustion temperature is higher than the refractory wall combustion Furnace 1 1 less. The combustion furnace 11 is a device known to those skilled in the art. In addition, the waterseal collection ash collection tank 12 is used to collect the ash falling from the combustion furnace 11 and prevent air from entering the combustion furnace. ° The furnace ash slag is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification ( (210 x 297 Gongchu) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) ----- III Order · ---- I-- · Printed by the Employee Consumption Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 588140 Λ7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (The sludge stream 59 is drawn from the ash collection tank 12 to the ash and soot management and processing system (not shown) ^ a combustion flue gas flow between about 2000 and 2500 degrees Chinese ( Combustion flue gas stream 27 enters the steam boiler 13 from the combustion furnace 11 and transfers its heat indirectly to the water and water vapor stream 54 from the economizer 〇15, and the water and water vapor The stream 54 becomes a superheated steam 50. The superheated steam 50 pushes a steam turbine 14 to generate electricity. A combustion flue gas flow between about 800 degrees and 100 degrees in Chinese style 2 8 steam The steel furnace 1 3 enters the economizer 15 and transfers its heat to the The water and water vapor flow 53 of the air-conditioner (de-acrat〇r) 24, and the water and water vapor flow 5 3 enters the economizer 15 through the water and water vapor inlet pump 24A. Between about 600 Chinese style The combustion flue gas flow 2 9 degrees to 800 degrees enters the flue gas manifold 16 from the economizer 15 and is divided into two to generate the combustion flue gas flow 30 and the combustion smoke. The air flow 3 1 steam steel furnace 13 and the economizer 15 are also devices that are generally understood by those in the field of this invention. (Please read the back < precautions before filling out this page) Installation ------ --Order -------- Printed by the consumer co-operative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the borrower burns flue gas recirculation fan 30 (flue gas recirculation fan) 1 1 A The combustion furnace η is used to control the combustion temperature. The combustion flue gas stream 31 is introduced into an oxygen-enriched stream heater 17. The heat content of the fuel and its chemical composition can determine the combustion flue gas stream 30 and the combustion smoke. Flow ratio of air flow 31. When this paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau's Consumer Cooperatives 588140 A7 _______ B7 _ V. Description of the invention () When the combustion process reaches normal operating conditions, the coal combustion flue gas flow 3 0 and the combustion flue gas flow 3 1 described in Figure 2 The flow ratio is between about 4 and 7. In contrast, when methane is used for combustion, the flow ratio of the combustion flue gas flow 30 and the combustion flue gas flow 31 is between about 5 and 8.5. For the water wall type combustion furnace 11, the flow rate of water is significantly reduced because water flowing through the wall water pipe will reduce the combustion temperature. In a normal operating state, the volume ratio of the combustion flue gas stream 31 to the combustion flue gas stream generally generated by air combustion is less than 30 ° /. . The concentrated oxygen flow heater 17 is an indirect heat exchanger and is a device known to those skilled in the art. In the concentrated oxygen flow heater 17, the combustion flue gas flow 31 preheats the concentrated oxygen flow 43 from a water vapor condenser 18. A combustion flue gas stream 32 between about 250 degrees and 450 degrees in Chinese style enters a dust and acid gas removal unit 25 to remove soot and acid gases. The soot and acid gas washing system 25 may be a baghouse, a dry or wet cyclone, a dry or wet multiple-cyclone ), Thin waist washer (venturi scrubber), packed bed absorber (packed bed absorber), electrostatic precipitator (electrostatic precipitator), or any combination thereof, in which the bag type dust collector will replace the general carbon dioxide sprayer An air ejector is used for periodic filter bag removal to prevent air from entering the second combustion flue gas stream. The above devices are generally used by those in the field of this invention. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 meals) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
588140 A7 _ B7 五、發明說明（） 了解的。煙灰及酸氣洗條系統2 5裝有水封（w a t e r s e a 1)設備 以防止空氣進入燃燒煙道氣流3 2及燃燒煙道氣流3 3中。 如果燃料中含有氯或其它鹵素，多管旋風集塵器及填充床 吸收器（multiple-cyclone with packed bed absorber)的組合 將優先被使用來洗滌燃燒煙道氣流3 2中的煙灰、氯化氫、 硫酸、及其它鹵化氫。若優先使用袋式集塵器，則二氧化 碳將取代空氣來進行袋濾器的洗滌工作，以免空氣進入燃 燒煙道氣流3 2及燃燒煙道氣流3 3中。被煙灰及酸氣洗滌 系統25所收集的煙灰及酸性物質將掉入煙灰收集槽（fly ash collection tank)26中。來自煙灰收集槽26之煙灰渣流 (sludge stream)60將排入煙灰及爐灰管理及處理系統（未繪 示）。來自煙灰及酸氣洗滌系統25之燃燒煙道氣流33進入 水蒸氣冷凝器1 8中，以分離存在於燃燒煙道氣流3 3中的 水蒸氣、尚存的煙灰、及其它可凝結的物質。水蒸氣冷凝 器1 8亦是一般在此發明領域之人士所了解的一種間接熱 交換器。在水蒸氣冷凝器1 8中所收集的水分將流至水收集 槽18Α中。在水蒸氣冷凝器18中，來自二氧化氮冷凝器 (nitrogen dioxide condenser)19之漢化氧流42將充當主要 的冷卻劑流》來自二氧化氮冷凝器1 9之濃化氮流48及來 自吸收式冷卻機（absorption refrigeration unit)23之冷卻劑 流（coolant stream)55被安排來充分地供給水蒸氣冷凝器1 8 所需的冷卻。此外，濃化氮流48離開水蒸氣冷凝器1 8後 成為濃化氮流49。 13 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準（CNSM4規格（210 X 297公餐） ί請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝--------訂--- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 588140 Λ7 B7 五、發明說明（） 介於約華式90度至180度間，且來自附屬於水蒸氣冷 凝器18的水收集槽18A之燃燒煙道氣流34進入二氧化氮 冷凝器19中’以分離出一乳化氮及其它可凝結的物質。二 氧化氮冷凝器19亦是一般在此發明領域之人士所了解的 一種間接熱交換器。在二氧化氮冷凝器19令，來自二氧化 硫冷凝器（sulfur dioxide condenser)20之濃化氧流41是主 要的冷卻劑。來自二氧化硫冷凝器20之濃化氮流47被安 排來供給二氧化氮冷凝器1 9所需的冷卻。液態二氧化氮是 本動力過程的一種副產品，可用於製造硝酸、氮化劑、觸 媒、火箭燃料、壓克力高分子化的抑制劑（polymerization inhibitor for acrylates) 〇 介於約華式20度至60度間之燃燒煙道氣流35從附屬 於二氧化氮冷凝器19的液態二氧化氮收集槽（liquid nitrogen dioxide tank)19A進入二氧化硫冷凝器20中，以 分離出二氧化硫及其它可凝結的物質。二氧化硫冷凝器20 亦是一般在此發明領域之人士所了解的一種間接熱交換 器。在二氧化硫冷凝器20中，來自濃化氧流歧管（oxygen- enriched stream manifold)21C之濃化氧流40疋主要的冷卻 劑流。來自二氧化碳冷凝器2 1之濃化氮流46被安排來供 給二氧化硫冷凝器20所需的冷卻。液態二氧化硫是本動力 過程的副產品，可用於製造碌酸、硫化紙漿、油的績硫化 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公t ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)588140 A7 _ B7 V. Description of the invention () Understand. The soot and acid gas washing strip system 25 is equipped with a water seal (wa t e r s e a 1) device to prevent air from entering the combustion flue gas flow 3 2 and the combustion flue gas flow 3 3. If the fuel contains chlorine or other halogens, a combination of multiple-cyclone with packed bed absorber will be preferentially used to wash soot, hydrogen chloride, and sulfuric acid in the combustion flue gas stream 32 , And other hydrogen halides. If a bag type dust collector is used preferentially, carbon dioxide will replace the air to clean the bag filter to prevent air from entering the combustion flue gas flow 3 2 and the combustion flue gas flow 3 3. The soot and acid substances collected by the soot and acid gas washing system 25 are dropped into a fly ash collection tank 26. A sludge stream 60 from the soot collection tank 26 will be discharged into the soot and furnace ash management and processing system (not shown). The combustion flue gas stream 33 from the soot and acid gas scrubbing system 25 enters the water vapor condenser 18 to separate the water vapor, the remaining soot, and other condensable substances present in the combustion flue gas stream 33. The water vapor condenser 18 is also an indirect heat exchanger known to those skilled in the art. The moisture collected in the water vapor condenser 18 will flow into the water collection tank 18A. In the water vapor condenser 18, the finished oxygen stream 42 from the nitrogen dioxide condenser 19 will serve as the main coolant stream. The concentrated nitrogen stream 48 from the nitrogen dioxide condenser 19 and from the absorption A coolant stream 55 of an absorption refrigeration unit 23 is arranged to adequately supply the cooling required by the water vapor condenser 1 8. In addition, the concentrated nitrogen stream 48 leaves the water vapor condenser 18 and becomes a concentrated nitrogen stream 49. 13 This paper is again applicable to Chinese National Standards (CNSM4 specification (210 X 297 meals). Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page). -------- Order --- Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by employee consumer cooperatives Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by employee consumer cooperatives 588140 Λ7 B7 V. Description of the invention () It is between about 90 degrees and 180 degrees Chinese style, and comes from the water collection tank 18A attached to the water vapor condenser 18 The combustion flue gas stream 34 enters the nitrogen dioxide condenser 19 'to separate an emulsified nitrogen and other condensable substances. The nitrogen dioxide condenser 19 is also an indirect heat exchanger known to those skilled in the art. In the nitrogen dioxide condenser 19, the concentrated oxygen stream 41 from the sulfur dioxide condenser 20 is the main coolant. The concentrated nitrogen stream 47 from the sulfur dioxide condenser 20 is arranged to supply the cooling required for the nitrogen dioxide condenser 19. Liquid nitrogen dioxide is a by-product of this dynamic process and can be used to make nitric acid, nitriding agents, catalysts, rocket fuel, and acrylic polymerization inhibitors (polymerization inhibitor for acrylates). The combustion flue gas stream 35 to 60 degrees from the liquid nitrogen dioxide tank 19A attached to the nitrogen dioxide condenser 19 enters the sulfur dioxide condenser 20 to separate sulfur dioxide and other condensable substances . The sulphur dioxide condenser 20 is also an indirect heat exchanger known to those skilled in the art. In the sulfur dioxide condenser 20, a concentrated oxygen stream 40C from the oxygen-enriched stream manifold 21C is the main coolant stream. The concentrated nitrogen stream 46 from the carbon dioxide condenser 21 is arranged to provide the cooling required for the sulfur dioxide condenser 20. Liquid sulfur dioxide is a by-product of this power process, and can be used to produce sulfuric acid, vulcanized pulp, and oil. This paper is sized for China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 g). (Please read the precautions on the back first. (Fill in this page)
588140 Λ7 B7 五、發明說明（） (sulfonation of oil)、抗氧化劑（antioxidant)、還原劑、及其 它用途。 介於約華式-6 0度f 10度間，且來自附屬於二氧化硫 冷凝器 20的液態二氧化硫收集槽（liquid sulfur dioxide collection tank)20A之燃燒煙道氣流36，經過煙道氣循環 扇2 1B增壓至絕對氣壓約77磅/平方英吋後，進入二氧化 碳冷凝器（carbon dioxide condenser)21，以分離二氧化碳及 其它可凝結的物質。二氧化碳冷凝器2 1是一般在此發明領 域之人士所熟知的一種裝置。在二氧化碳冷凝器2 1内，來 自空氣分離器（air separation unit)22之濃化氧流38與濃化 氮流45被用來當做冷卻劑流。二氧化碳是本動力過程的主 要副產品，可用於冷卻、碳化飲料、喷霧劑（aerosol propellant)、滅火劑、油田的分離及酸化（fracturing and acidizingofoilwell)、及其它用途。此外，空氣61係藉由 空氣循環扇22 A進入上述空氣分離器22中。 當二氧化碳被分離後，來自附屬於二氧化碳冷凝器2 1 的液態二氧化碳收集槽（carbon dioxide collection tank)2 1 A 之燃燒煙道氣流37是只含有微量二氧化碳、一氧化碳、一 氧化氮、.甲烷、氨氣、及氧氣的小燃燒煙道氣流。燃燒煙 道氣流3 7進入濃化氧流歧管2 1 C中，並與來自二氧化碳冷 凝器2 1之濃化氧流3 9混合而形成第二燃燒煙道氣循環圈 15 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)588140 Λ7 B7 V. Description of the invention (sulfonation of oil), antioxidant, reducing agent, and other uses. Combustion flue gas stream 36 from the liquid sulfur dioxide collection tank 20A attached to the sulfur dioxide condenser 20 between approximately Chinese-style 60 degrees and 10 degrees, and passes through the flue gas circulation fan 2 1B After pressurizing to about 77 psi absolute pressure, it enters a carbon dioxide condenser 21 to separate carbon dioxide and other condensable substances. The carbon dioxide condenser 21 is a device generally known to those skilled in the art. In the carbon dioxide condenser 21, a concentrated oxygen stream 38 and a concentrated nitrogen stream 45 from an air separation unit 22 are used as a coolant stream. Carbon dioxide is the main by-product of this power process and can be used for cooling, carbonating beverages, aerosol propellants, fire extinguishing agents, fracturing and acidizing of oilwells, and other uses. The air 61 enters the air separator 22 through an air circulating fan 22A. After the carbon dioxide is separated, the combustion flue gas stream 37 from the liquid carbon dioxide collection tank 2 1 A attached to the carbon dioxide condenser 2 1 contains only trace amounts of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, methane, and ammonia. Gas, and small combustion flue gas flow of oxygen. The combustion flue gas stream 3 7 enters the concentrated oxygen flow manifold 2 1 C and is mixed with the concentrated oxygen flow 3 9 from the carbon dioxide condenser 21 to form a second combustion flue gas circulation circle 15 This paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
-------丨訂--------IAWW 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 588140 A7 B7 五、發明說明（） (combustion flue gas recirculation loop)。第二燃燒煙道氣 循環圈的主要目的是避免燃燒煙道氣及空氣污染物的排 放，並可充分利用空氣分離器22所產生的氧氣。燃燒煙道 氣流3 7及濃化氧流3 9混合而成的濃化氧流40經過二氧化 硫冷凝器20、二氧化氮冷凝器1 9、水蒸氣冷凝器1 8、以 及濃化氧流加熱器17後，再經由循環扇（f〇rced duft fan) 1 1 B進入燃燒爐1 1以進行下次的燃燒循環。 綜合上述，本發明之優點為優先採用一般人在本發明 領域所了解的吸收式冷卻機2 3來回收來自汽輪機1 4之廢 水蒸氣流（waste steam stream)5 1 ’並轉換成冷氣。這些冷 氣可供給水蒸氣冷凝器18、空氣分離器22、及其它工業、 商業、與住宅區使用。為了減少空氣分離器22的能源使 用，冷卻劑流5 7與冷卻劑流5 8藉著冷卻劑流進口泵2 3 B 循環於空氣分離器22與吸收式冷卻機23間。為了充分供 τ 給水蒸氣冷凝器18所需的冷卻’冷卻劑流55與冷卻劑流 56藉著冷卻劑流進口泵23A循環於吸收式冷卻機23與水 蒸氣冷凝器1 8之間。此外，離開吸收式冷卻機2 3之水蒸 氣凝液52則進入除空氣器24中’且進一步成為水及水蒸 氣流53後進入節熱器15中與燃燒煙道氣流28進行熱交 換。 如熟悉此技術之人員所瞭解的’以上所述僅為本發明 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公餐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂---------屬 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 588140 Λ： R7 五、發明說明（） 之較佳實施例而已，並非用以限定本發明之申請專利範 圍；凡其它未脫離本發明所揭示之精神下所完成之等效改 變或修飾，均應包含在下述之申請專利範圍内。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) · n n n n i 1_1 ϋ )eJ« n n n n ϋ ϋ n •逢 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 x 297公釐）------- 丨 Order -------- Printed by the IAWW Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Bureau Employee Consumption Cooperative 588140 A7 B7 V. Invention Description () (combustion flue gas recirculation loop). The main purpose of the second combustion flue gas circulation loop is to avoid the emission of combustion flue gas and air pollutants, and to make full use of the oxygen generated by the air separator 22. The enriched oxygen stream 40, which is a mixture of the combustion flue gas stream 3 7 and the enriched oxygen stream 39, passes through a sulfur dioxide condenser 20, a nitrogen dioxide condenser 1 9, a water vapor condenser 18, and a concentrated oxygen flow heater. After 17 hours, it enters the combustion furnace 11 through a circulation fan 1 1 B for the next combustion cycle. In summary, the advantage of the present invention is to preferentially use the absorption cooler 2 3 known by ordinary people in the field of the present invention to recover the waste steam stream 5 1 ′ from the steam turbine 14 and convert it into cold air. This cold air can be supplied to the water vapor condenser 18, the air separator 22, and other industrial, commercial, and residential areas. In order to reduce the energy use of the air separator 22, the coolant flow 5 7 and the coolant flow 5 8 are circulated between the air separator 22 and the absorption cooler 23 through a coolant flow inlet pump 2 3 B. The coolant flow 55 and the coolant flow 56 required to sufficiently supply the τ feed water vapor condenser 18 are circulated between the absorption cooler 23 and the water vapor condenser 18 through the coolant flow inlet pump 23A. In addition, the water vapor condensate 52 leaving the absorption cooler 23 enters the deaerator 24 'and further becomes the water and water vapor stream 53 and enters the economizer 15 to perform heat exchange with the combustion flue gas stream 28. As the person familiar with this technology understands, 'The above is only for the present invention. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 meals) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)- ------- Order --------- Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 588140 Λ: R7 V. The preferred embodiment of the invention description () is not intended to limit this The scope of patent application for the invention; all other equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit disclosed by the present invention shall be included in the scope of patent application described below. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) · nnnni 1_1 ϋ) eJ «nnnn ϋ ϋ n • This paper is printed on the basis of Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm)