TW584992B - Parallel interference cancellation receiver for multiuser detection of CDMA signals - Google Patents
Parallel interference cancellation receiver for multiuser detection of CDMA signals Download PDFInfo
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584992 五、發明說明(1) 本發明係關於多重存取數位通訊系統。更特別地,本 發明係關於一並聯干擾消除接收器系統,以及用以同時自 多使用者接收資料之方法。 一多重存取數位通訊系統,可使多使用者存取相同的 通訊媒體,以傳遞或接收資訊。例如,該媒體可包含一網 路、纜線於一局部區域網路(1 a n ),一銅線於典型的電話系 統,或是一無線通訊的空氣介面。 一習知技藝之多重存取數位通訊系統如第一圖戶斤示。 «亥通媒體係扣一^通訊頻道。通訊技術如頻率區分多重存 取(FDMA),時間區分多重存取(TDMA),載體判別多重存取 (CSMA),密碼區分多重存取(CDMA),以及其他用以使超過 一位使用者存取相同通訊媒體者。這些技術可被一起混 合’產生多重存取系統的混雜多樣性。例如,被提出的第 三代W-CDMA標準之時間區分雙工(TDD),係丁龍人與⑼^之 耦合。 一習知技藝CDMA通訊系統之一例如第二圖所示。CDM係 二通訊技術,其中資料係藉由調整該資料以假干擾訊號傳 ^古且以寬頻(延伸光譜)傳輸。被傳輸的該資料訊號可能 :之頻寬只有幾千赫茲’力一可能為數百萬赫茲頻率波 =之上。該通訊頻道藉由κ單獨次頻道被同時使用。 母一次頻道,所有其他的次頻道視為干擾。 ' 1圖所不,一所給的頻寬之單一次頻道係與—獨特的 .,„ ; 八重複一藉由寬的頻寬,假干擾(ΡΠ)序列 產生以生之預先決定的模式。這些獨特的使用者延伸^584992 V. Description of the invention (1) The present invention relates to a multiple access digital communication system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a parallel interference cancellation receiver system and a method for receiving data from multiple users simultaneously. A multiple-access digital communication system enables multiple users to access the same communication medium to transmit or receive information. For example, the medium may include a network, a cable to a local area network (1 a n), a copper wire to a typical telephone system, or an air interface for wireless communications. A multi-access digital communication system with a known technique is shown in the first figure. «Haitong Media is deducting a communication channel. Communication technologies such as frequency-division multiple access (FDMA), time-division multiple access (TDMA), carrier-division multiple access (CSMA), password-division multiple access (CDMA), and others used to enable more than one user to store Take the same communication media. These techniques can be mixed together 'to produce a mixed diversity of multiple access systems. For example, the time-division duplex (TDD) of the third-generation W-CDMA standard is proposed, which is a coupling between Ding Long people and ⑼ ^. One example of a known CDMA communication system is shown in the second figure. CDM is a two-communication technology, in which data is transmitted by adjusting the data as a false interference signal and transmitted in a wide band (extended spectrum). The transmitted data signal may have a bandwidth of only a few kilohertz, and a force may be several million hertz. The communication channel is used simultaneously by the κ separate subchannel. Mother primary channel, all other secondary channels are considered interference. What is not shown in Fig. 1, a given channel of a given bandwidth is a unique one, ...; Eight repeats a predetermined pattern generated by a wide bandwidth, a false interference (PI) sequence. These unique user extensions ^
第5頁 584992 五、發明說明(2) 碼為典型的假垂直至另一個 接近於零。一資料訊號係以 位延伸頻譜訊號。一載體訊 號被調整,以及依賴該傳輸 傳輸提取該數位延伸頻譜訊 pn序列相關聯之後被複製。 該接收的訊號可與一特定的 訊號係關於一特定的延伸密 號,關於該特定的延伸密碼 他訊號未被增加之時。 該延伸密碼之每一個值 片速率,其同於或更快於該 頻道資料速率之比值係為該 為了延伸該資料訊號之 代表超過兩個二進位的值。 三個與四個值。符號的概念 每一符號之位元内容指定一 數目’存在特定的脈衝或波 訊被轉換至符號,其被調整 點解調。 於一CDMA系統之該延伸 次頻道與所有其他次頻道之 所欲之次頻道之標準方法以 干擾,類似於干擾,其顯示 ’如介於延伸密碼交叉相關係 該pn序列被調整,以產生一數 號隨後藉由該數位延伸頻I普訊 媒體被傳輸。一接收器調整該 號。该傳輸的資料在與相稱的 當延伸密碼垂直至另一個時, 使用者訊號相關聯,該使用者 碼’如僅該所欲之使用者訊 係被增加於當其他使用者之其 為所知的一晶片,且具有一晶 資料速率。該晶片速率與該次 延伸參數。 值之可此範圍’ 一符號被用以 三進位與四進位符號各自具有 使知資訊的等級更大,係由於 特定的脈衝形狀。端視符號的 形之相專數目。於該來源之資 與傳輸經由該次頻道已於該終 雄碼被選以最小化介於所欲之 間之干擾。所以,用以解調該 被用以處理所有其他次頻道為 其自身於該通訊媒體中。被設Page 5 584992 V. Description of the invention (2) The code is a typical false vertical to another close to zero. A data signal is a spread spectrum signal in bits. A carrier signal is adjusted, and dependent on the transmission, the digital spread spectrum signal pn sequence is extracted and then copied. The received signal may be related to a specific signal related to a specific extended password, and when the signal is not added to the specific extended password. The chip rate of each value of the extended cipher, which is equal to or faster than the data rate of the channel, is a value representing more than two binary bits in order to extend the data signal. Three versus four values. The concept of the symbol The bit content of each symbol specifies a number 'that a particular pulse or wave is converted to the symbol, which is demodulated by the adjustment point. The standard method for the extended secondary channel of a CDMA system and the desired secondary channels of all other secondary channels is interference, similar to interference, which shows' if the extended cipher cross-correlations the pn sequence is adjusted to produce a The digital number is then transmitted through the digital spread spectrum Ipux media. A receiver adjusts the number. The transmitted data is associated with a commensurate user signal when the extended password is perpendicular to another, and the user code 'if only the desired user's message is added to what other users know A chip, and has a crystal data rate. The wafer rate and the extension parameters. The range of values is possible. One symbol is used. The three- and four-symbol symbols each have a higher level of information, due to the specific pulse shape. The specific number of end-view symbols. The resources and transmissions from that source have been selected at the terminal code via the secondary channel to minimize interference between the desired. So, it is used to demodulate all other sub-channels used to process itself in the communication medium. Set
五、發明說明(3) 計用於此程序之接收器為單一補用去 人# ^ RME接收器。 早使用者,合適的遽器以 由於不同的次頻道會稍微干擾彼此,另一個方法為解 j所有次頻道於-接收器。該接收器可藉由並聯其中之一 算,以接收一次傳輸的所有使用•。此思想V. Description of the invention (3) The receiver used in this procedure is a single supplementary receiver # ^ RME receiver. For early users, a suitable filter will slightly interfere with each other because of different sub-channels. Another method is to resolve all sub-channels in the -receiver. The receiver can be counted in parallel to receive all uses of one transmission •. This thought
Lt=。多使用者谓測可提供-重要的成 果改良勝於早一使用者接收器。Lt =. Multi-user predicates can provide-important improvement of results is better than earlier user receivers.
請參閱第三圖,其為—塑知士丨田夕^ μ ^ έ ^ V 白知利用多使用者偵測之CDMA 接收器之糸、.先方塊圖。熟知此技藝之人士了 包括該功能如無線電傳輸頻率或rf下 ^ = =無線電傳輸頻率頻道,類比—數位轉換、m之過^ 號,為類比或數位,包含輕人 2處理過的讯 訊號。过夕说m心 褐口的所有活化的次頻道之延伸 :^夕 者偵測執行多使用者偵測以及輸出翡赵桐 :就,對應於每-活化的次頻道。所有或—此; 數可能被處理。 二-人頻逼之總 夕最理,心'的夕使用者偵測為加強計算的|晋 y :複雜的數學運算’而因此難以經濟 =很 化’次理想的多使用者福測如 將支出 2消除或已發展的PIC接收胃Ύ與亚聯干 :接近最理想的该測器的表現。線性車二 心最广的平均平方差⑽“貞測器),強迫歸聯 為多階段反覆接收器,且以軟決定⑽或以 584992Please refer to the third figure, which is the block diagram of Bai Zhi, Tian Xi ^ μ ^ ^ ^ V Baizhi uses a multi-user detection CDMA receiver. Those who are familiar with this technology include this function such as radio transmission frequency or rf ^ = = radio transmission frequency channel, analog-digital conversion, m's ^ signal, for analog or digital, including the signal processed by light man 2. It is said that the extension of all activated secondary channels in the brown mouth: ^ Xier detection performs multi-user detection and outputs Fei Zhao Tong: that corresponds to every-activated secondary channel. All or—this; the number may be processed. Second, the most frequent reason is the frequency of people. The detection of the user of the heart is to strengthen the calculation | Jin y: complex mathematical operations, and therefore it is difficult to economically = very ideal. Expenditure 2 eliminates or has developed the PIC receiving epigastric and Asian Union: close to the optimal performance of this tester. Linear car with the widest mean square difference ("tester"), forcing it to be a multi-stage iterative receiver, with soft decision or 584992
礎。 系統方塊圖,如第= 时的或異步的CDMA通訊之 (如第三圖中所^四圖所不。自通訊媒體特定的接收器 評價傳於於一伽不輸出之資料耦合至一次頻道評價器,其 性的偵^哭刹用別的次頻道中每一符號之脈衝響應。該線 以解,二:、f μ脈衝響應隨著次頻道的延伸密碼做評價, 處:::頻道的資料。$資料被輸出至個別使用者之資料 ^ Η I 理系統中影響κ次頻道使用者之並聯偵測, 哭^使用者偵測方法被執行為固定的拇門陣列,微處理 a a位成號處理器(DSP)以及其他相似物。固定的邏輯 、、、、§微處理器驅動系統提供編製程序的彈性時,可允許 更大,系統速度。任一用於多使用者偵測之工具執行一數 學運异之序列。為了描述該功能,下列變數典型地定義一 線性的多使用者偵測器之結構與運算: K =使用者總數/系統中活化的傳輸者foundation. Block diagram of the system, such as when the CDMA communication is asynchronous or asynchronous (as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4). The receiver evaluation from the communication media specific is transmitted to a channel evaluation data coupled to a channel evaluation This device uses the impulse response of each symbol in other sub-channels. The line is based on the solution, and the 2 :, f μ impulse response is evaluated with the extension of the sub-channel code, where ::: of the channel Data. $ Data is output to the data of individual users ^ Η I parallel detection of κ channel users in the physical management system, cry ^ The user detection method is implemented as a fixed array of thumb gates, microprocessing of aa bits into Processor (DSP) and the like. Fixed logic ,,,, and § microprocessor-driven systems allow greater programming speed when providing programming flexibility. Any tool for multi-user detection Perform a sequence of mathematical operations. In order to describe this function, the following variables typically define the structure and operation of a linear multi-user detector: K = total number of users / active transmitters in the system
Nc = —資料組塊中晶片的數目。晶片數目之需要係由於隨 著延伸參數的變化,此數目對所有使用者是共通的測|。 對於同步CDMA的例子,來自具有最大延伸參數使用者之符 號可能由一資料組塊所組成。所以,Nc可以被減少至與^ 大的延伸參數相等。 ' W=晶片中該通訊頻道脈衝響應長度。此通常為該系統之— 預先決定之參數。 Q(k)=使用者K之延伸參數。該延伸參數係等於晶片之數 584992Nc = —The number of wafers in the data block. The need for the number of chips is due to the change in the extension parameters, which is common to all users. For the example of synchronous CDMA, the symbol from the user with the largest extension parameter may consist of a data block. Therefore, Nc can be reduced to an extension parameter equal to ^. 'W = impulse response length of this communication channel in the chip. This is usually a predetermined parameter of the system. Q (k) = extension parameter of user K. This extension parameter is equal to the number of wafers 584992
目,其被用於延伸使用者資料之一符號。一系統預先知、, 該延伸參數,而不需要自所接收之資料作評價。 °逼This is a symbol used to extend user data. A system knows the extended parameters in advance, without the need to evaluate from the received data. ° force
Ns(k) =使用者K所送出之符號數目is(k) = Nc/ q⑴Ns (k) = number of symbols sent by user K is (k) = Nc / q⑴
XX
NsT = g Ns(k) =送出符號之總數。 使用者送出的資料(資訊)。該資料係以向量的形 不,其中一向量係藉由下標變量下標之一資料之矩 :隨工向量與矩陣運算之㈣,所有向量被定義為行向為 里如之nth 70素為藉由kth使用者傳輸之nth符號。 ^藉由使用者k以向量呈現之次頻道之脈衝響應。此旦 為要被評價於該接收器。次頻道脈衝響應之接收 * 。向量,之元素為典型的複數,其代表可:由', 頻道傳入的振幅與相位差。 由-人 V(:)二使用針的延伸密碼,以向量表示。為了多 測的目的,有用的是包含延伸密 :貞 特定的符號。所〇 分人 伯1乃仅π π里,具延伸〜 被用已延伸該kth使用S者傳量^(k’n)被定義為該延伸密碼,其 定義為:νχ v⑴之t”之―符號。數學上地,其被 於所有的.1社i之於(n-DQ⑴+ 1 S i “ Q⑴以及〇, 二:-二’/广係向量元素的下標。 伸,且經里由使的資^料,藉由該延伸密瑪㈣% 組資料到達時,# >二4 kh(k)傳輸。該向量r(k)代表當〜 素可被定ίί:订的頻道觀察資料。該向量r⑴之〜NsT = g Ns (k) = total number of sent symbols. Data (information) submitted by the user. The data is in the form of a vector. One of the vectors is the moment of one of the data by the index of the subscript variable: as a result of the operation vector and the matrix operation, all vectors are defined as the row direction and the nth 70 prime is The nth symbol transmitted by the kth user. ^ The impulse response of the secondary channel represented by vector by user k. In order to be evaluated in this receiver. Receiving of subchannel impulse response *. Vector, the element of which is a typical complex number, which represents can be: from ', the incoming amplitude and phase difference of the channel. The extended password using the needle by -person V (:) is represented by a vector. For multi-testing purposes, it is useful to include extended symbols: specific symbols. The fenfenbo 1 is only π π, with extension ~ has been used to extend the kth use S ^ ^ ^ (k'n) is defined as the extended password, which is defined as: νχ vt 之 t ”of ― Symbol. Mathematically, it is applied to all .1 company i in (n-DQ⑴ + 1 S i "Q⑴ and 0, 2 :: -2 '/ wide system vector element subscript. It extends, and the reason is When the data arrives through the extended MMA group data, # > 2 4 kh (k) transmission. The vector r (k) represents when ~ prime can be determined: subscription channel observation data The vector r⑴ 之 ~
第9頁 584992 五、發明說明(6) 方程式1 於接收器接收之訊號包含所有使用者訊號r⑴加雜訊。所 以’我們可以定義該接收的資料向量1·如下: r = Σ r(k) +η· 方程式2 k =7 λ 方程式(2 )中該向量η代表藉由通訊頻道傳入之雜訊。 第五,係習知線性的多使用者偵測器之一系統與方法。該 被評,的次頻道脈衝響應向量h⑴以及該延伸密碼被用 以為母一使用者让產生一系說傳輸響應矩陣。一矩陣係一 字藉個下標變數下標。該矩陣係被排於-矩形格 以 下標變數為列指數且第二下標變數為行指 & h 者之 系統傳輪響應矩陣被典型地代表Λ Α(ιο 該第ith列,第_行元 &i也代衣马Αα) 订凡素代表Ai,n⑴且被定義為:Page 9 584992 5. Description of the invention (6) The signal received by the equation 1 at the receiver includes all user signals r⑴ plus noise. Therefore, we can define the received data vector 1 as follows: r = Σ r (k) + η · Equation 2 k = 7 λ In Equation (2), this vector η represents the noise coming in through the communication channel. Fifth, it is a system and method that is known as a linear multi-user detector. The sub-channel impulse response vector h⑴ and the extended code are used to generate a series of transmission response matrices for the mother-user. A matrix is a subscript by a subscript variable. The matrix system is arranged in a rectangular rectangle. The subscript variable is the column index and the second subscript variable is the row index & h. The system round response matrix is typically represented by Λ Α (th column, row _ Yuan & i also replaces the horse Aα) Ding Fansu represents Ai, n⑴ and is defined as:
方程式3 矩陣A(k)的每一行相a _ 進一步特定符號之—f關注期間藉由使用者k傳送出之 圖,該接收的資料,二適的過濾響應。1 青返回參考第五 以及次頻道脈衝鰱痛付合所有使用者之延伸密碼之耦合 ⑴。A⑴的行如下;^ ::。所以,A⑴包含符合過濾響應Equation 3 The phase a_ of each row of the matrix A (k) is further specified by -f. The image transmitted by the user k during the attention period, the received data, and the appropriate filtered response. 1 Qing refers back to the fifth and sub-channel pulses (pain coupling to the extended password of all users). A⑴'s line is as follows; ^ ::. So, A⑴ contains the filtered response
第10頁Page 10
584992 五、發明說明(7)584992 V. Description of Invention (7)
AA
0 0 b Ο 方程式4 Ο 方程式5 方程式6 。一向量 ,Vk)係 其中每一向量bn〇o具有的因次為 Q⑴ + W -1 且藉由下列方程式自矩陣An(k)的頂部抵銷 Q(k) (η -1) 由於延伸密碼非循環符號數次;b/10关bj⑴而i关 久元之素支其樓可為非零的值係指該向量之支撐。所以 輸塑一系統傳輪矩陣產生,-總系統傳 統傳輸矩陣,如下所示: 連接所有使用者之該系 A=〔 A(1),···,A(k),…,A⑴〕 , 根據先前技藝該調整技術,h(!〇 _ 方程式7 非零元素的A可為複數。 素可為複數。而後, 根據方程式4,5,6,與7所組合沾 應矩陣A於-先前技藝多使用者二-,舉二之總系統傳輸響0 0 b 〇 Equation 4 〇 Equation 5 Equation 6. A vector, Vk) is where each vector bn0o has a factor of Q⑴ + W -1 and offsets Q (k) (η -1) from the top of the matrix An (k) by the following equation. Acyclic symbol several times; b / 10 off bj⑴ and i off Jiuyuan's prime branch can be non-zero value refers to the support of this vector. Therefore, the transmission matrix of a system is generated, and the traditional transmission matrix of the overall system is as follows: The system connecting all users A = [A (1), ..., A (k), ..., A⑴], According to the adjustment technique of the previous technique, the non-zero element A of h (! 〇_ Equation 7 can be a complex number. The prime can be a complex number. Then, according to the equation 4, 5, 6, and 7, the combination matrix A in the previous technique Multi-user two-, two-to-two total system transmission response
584992 五、發明說明(8)584992 V. Description of the invention (8)
A (1)1,1(1)1,2(1)1,3(1)1,4(1)1,50 ο ο ο ο ο ο 7^ ο ο ο )))υι' οο^ ου5· c c C (>8 (>8 (LO (—.8 ίΓ8 rn^ έ έ V) 1 \—/ )- 3 V) 4 \—/ 5 ο ο ο πν^/t π^/* πν^Λ· ο ο 7^ 7^ 7^ 7^ )1 ) 2 ) 3 ) 4 ) 5 ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ο 006·06·06>06»06»0 ο ο ο 7^ ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ω Μ ω ^ ω Μ ω ^ ο ο ο ο ο ο ύ ύ ύ 7^ \ϊκ 1 VI/ 9« VJ 3 \1/ 4 VI/ 5 ο. ο ο ο ο ο U 4’ U 4’ u 4,(14, f οοοοοοοο έ & 7^ ο ο ο ο(1)3.1’(ι)3,2(1)3,3(ι)3,4(1)3,5οοοοοοοοοο 7^ ύ ύ 7^ ο ο(1)2,1(1)2,2(1)2,3ώ2,4(1)2,5οοοο οοοοοοοο ο ο ο ο οοοοοοοοο (21,1(21,2(21,3(21,4(21,5(21.6(21,70 ο ο 7^ 7^ ο ο ο 0(2)2,1(2)2,2(2)2,3(2)2,4(2)2,5(2)2,6(2)2,7 ο ο ο οοοοοοοο 000000000000(2)4,1(2)4,2(2)4.3(2)4,4(2)4,5(2)4.6(2)4,7 2)1,2)22)"2)42)52)·62) (3 (3 ( 3 ( 3 (3 ( 3 ( ο ο ο ο ο ο 方程式8 /; 對於2個使用者(k),一資料組(Nc = 16)具有16個晶 片,頻道脈衝響應長度4(W = 4)以及第一使用者一延伸參數 2 (Q(2) = 4 )。在總系統傳輸響應矩陣A結式中,bn i(k)代表該 耦合系統的ith元素以及該kth使用者的nth符號之頻道響應。 該接收的資料r之處理係利用總系統傳輸響應矩陣A,其代 表相匹配過濾器響應之儲存,以產生一相匹配過濾器器輸A (1) 1,1 (1) 1,2 (1) 1,3 (1) 1,4 (1) 1,50 ο ο ο ο ο ο 7 ^ ο ο ο))) υι 'οο ^ ου5 Cc C (> 8 (> 8 (LO (—.8 ίΓ8 rn ^ έέV) 1 \ — /)-3 V) 4 \ — / 5 ο ο ο πν ^ / t π ^ / * πν ^ Λ · ο ο 7 ^ 7 ^ 7 ^ 7 ^) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5 ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ο 006 · 06 · 06 > 06 »06» 0 ο ο 7 ^ ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ω Μ ω ^ ω Μ ω ^ ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ύ ύ ύ 7 ^ \ ϊκ 1 VI / 9 «VJ 3 \ 1/4 VI / 5 ο. ο ο ο ο ο ο 'U 4' u 4, (14, f οοοοοοοο έ & 7 ^ ο ο ο ο (1) 3.1 '(ι) 3,2 (1) 3,3 (ι) 3,4 (1) 3,5οοοοοοοο 7 ^ ύ ύ 7 ^ ο ο (1) 2,1 (1) 2,2 (1) 2,3 FREE2,4 (1) 2,5οοοο οοοοοοοο ο ο ο ο οοοοοοοοο (21,1 (21,2 (21 , 3 (21,4 (21,5 (21.6 (21,70 ο ο 7 ^ 7 ^ ο ο ο 0 (2) 2,1 (2) 2,2 (2) 2,3 (2) 2,4 (2) 2,5 (2) 2,6 (2) 2,7 ο ο ο οοοοοοοο 000000000000 (2) 4,1 (2) 4,2 (2) 4.3 (2) 4,4 (2) 4, 5 (2) 4.6 (2) 4,7 2) 1,2) 22) " 2) 42) 52) · 62) (3 (3 (3 (3 (3 (3 (3 (ο ο ο ο ο ο Equation 8 /; For 2 users (k), a data set (Nc = 16) has 16 chips with channel pulses Should have a length of 4 (W = 4) and a first user-extended parameter 2 (Q (2) = 4). In the overall system transmission response matrix A, bn i (k) represents the ith element of the coupled system and The channel response of the nth symbol of the kth user. The processing of the received data r uses the overall system transmission response matrix A, which represents the storage of matching filter responses to generate a matching filter output.
第12頁 584992 五、發明說明(9) 出之向里’其代表符號為y。該相匹配 y = AHr t裔連异被定為 該矩陣Μ代表該矩陣a之Her 方程式9 該Hermitian移項被定義為y =A ,i中二产=)移項。 數之共軛運算。該相匹配 哭1輸、 ^槓代表一複 處理。其係得自該系統傳二表為刀母種線性接收之 次強迫歸零組線均衡器(ZF-BLE)接收5|係^ 器,其具有-標的矩陣指定為〇 = A„A H係—線性接收 J::器(MMSE-BLE).接收器係一線性接收器广千 Z 軚的矩陣指定為〇 = aha+om ,其中〇2伟存 / 陣。一S— 雜訊之變異,且1為所知的同—矩 處係與1°對r矩陣正方形的’且在其主要對角線與其他各 性代數二Λ—矩陣的大小之選擇係以便於根據線 π π則進打加法運算。 略該Si:解關聯器(解關聯之接收器)’矩陣Α係藉由忽 聯(干擾^ f 做簡化’只考慮該延伸密碼及其交又關 為解關性。一交又關聯矩陣,通常係指R常被建構作 頻道之| 15型式之接收器。此矩陣可藉由上述A(即每一次 是該六頻道響應係一脈衝)假設w=;[及匕⑴=1而建構之。於 〇。~一父^關聯矩陣1^為^^1^接收器所定義之接收器結構 次處理解關聯器常被作為一更複雜多使用者偵測接收器之 里一旦該標的矩陣產生,該多使用者偵測器將倒轉 584992Pg. 12 584992 V. Description of the invention (9) “Inward” is represented by y. The matching y = AHr t is determined as the matrix M represents the Her equation of the matrix a. 9 The Hermitian shift term is defined as y = A, and the secondary product in i =) shift term. Conjugate operations on numbers. The matching cry 1 lose, ^ bar represents a multiple processing. It is derived from the system that the second table is a linearly received secondary forced zero group line equalizer (ZF-BLE) receiving 5 | series ^, and its matrix with-is designated as 0 = A „AH series— Linear Receiver J :: Receiver (MMSE-BLE). The receiver is a linear receiver Guang Qian Z 軚 The matrix is designated as 〇 = aha + om, where 〇2 memory / array. One S-the variation of noise, and 1 is the known homo-moment system and the 1 ° pair of r-matrix squares, and its main diagonal and other anisotropic algebras, the size of the two Λ-matrix selection systems, in order to advance according to the line Addition operation is omitted. Si: De-correlator (de-correlation receiver) 'matrix A is simplified by ignoring (interference ^ f to simplify). Only the extended password and its intersection are considered as de-unification. Correlation matrix, usually refers to R is often used as a receiver of type 15 of the channel. This matrix can be assumed by the above A (that is, each time the six-channel response is a pulse) assuming w =; [and dagger = 1 And construct it. In 0. ~ a parent ^ association matrix 1 ^ is the receiver structure defined by the receiver ^ ^ 1 ^ The sub-processing decorrelator is often used as a more complex multi-user Measured in the receiver of the target matrix is generated once, the multiuser detector will invert 584992
该標的矩陣之倒數隨後被乘以該相匹配過濾器器輸出 向量y,以產生該資料向量d之預測,其中預測的d= 0_ly。 該標的矩陣之倒數係一複雜的大量運算過 所需的運算數目增加如該矩陣〇大小的^方 數不同步的CDMA接收器,〇的大小係非常大,其使得倒轉 的過程不可實行。利用直現代數的技術減少令標的矩陣倒 轉的複雜度。然而,這些技術對於一些應用可能無法實 行0 、 五、發明說明(ίο) 該定義為0-1之矩陣。 处不同於線性接收器的是,pIC接收器不倒轉該接收器 :,。所以,P職收器提供另一選擇,其複雜度低於線 。夕^用者/f貞測器。第六圖為一典型習知技藝之p I C接收 / 0亥接收的負料向量r被輸入至複數個頻道評價器,其 =ί ί估每一使用者之次頻道脈衝響應。該次頻道脈衝響 2被輸出至一資料評估與干擾消除處理器,其可平行地評 $戶ί ί Ϊ 3者之該接收資料。該被評估的接收資料被輸出 -人頻、貝料處理組,以更進一步處理。 如第七圖所示PIC接收器中所用習知技藝資料評估盥 :擾消除過程。職接收器假設每一次頻道組成為L清楚 哭Λ ί路t,經由該傳輸媒體自一所給的傳輸器至一接收 二#Γ每一路徑[,該相對的延緩,振幅與相位於該接 哭。ί 4估j係藉由如第六圖所示之該次頻道評估處理 ;。對於忒系統中所在之每一使用者K之每一 L清楚的路 仏。所以’一總u解散佈器被分配於該解散佈器庫。每一The inverse of the target matrix is then multiplied by the matched filter output vector y to produce a prediction of the data vector d, where the predicted d = 0_ly. The inverse of the target matrix is a complex and large number of operations. The number of operations required increases, such as a CDMA receiver with an unsynchronized ^ square number of 0 size. The size of 0 is very large, which makes the process of inversion impossible. Utilize the technology of direct modern numbers to reduce the complexity of inverting the target matrix. However, for some applications, these technologies may not be able to implement 0, V. Invention Description (ίο) The matrix defined as 0-1. The difference from a linear receiver is that the pIC receiver does not invert the receiver:,. Therefore, the P receiver provides another option, its complexity is lower than the line. Evening ^ users / f tester. The sixth figure is a typical conventional technique of p I C receiving / 0 receiving negative input vector r is input to a plurality of channel evaluators, which = ί estimates the secondary channel impulse response of each user. The secondary channel pulse response 2 is output to a data evaluation and interference cancellation processor, which can evaluate the received data of the three households in parallel. The evaluated received data is output-human frequency, shell material processing group for further processing. As shown in the seventh figure, the conventional techniques used in the PIC receiver evaluate the interference cancellation process. The receiver assumes that each time the channel composition is L clearly crying, the path t is from a given transmitter to a receiving two via the transmission medium. Each path [, the relative delay, the amplitude and phase are located in the connection. cry. ί 4 estimates j by the channel evaluation process shown in Figure 6 ;. For each L of each user K in the system, a clear path. So 'a total u disperser is assigned to the disperser library. Every
五、發明說明(11) 解散佈器自其各自的使用去 資料評估同一使用者之次=產生接收資料之評估。該L —完全資料坪仕兮ϋ頻道之不同路徑被耦合,以產生 同傳輸的使用者之資料。如第七圖所示, 合存在習知技藝中之大比率麵合(mrc)。其他耗 估被輪出至一符_ =去可被利用。該耦合的資料評 其被輪=該==器器:其產生評估的符號資訊, 緩,延㈣碼以及介於KL路徑間相對的延 生每、错二干擾消除處理器而被知道。該資訊被用於產 ΐ:: 接收路徑(即r,2,3...1^之該干擾之評估, 所技/另一 f用者之L訊號路徑以及相同使用者於L-1路徑 收之訊號。該干擾評估自該解散佈器輸出被減掉,豆 過該耦合的處理器,以產生接收的資料評估。該接 、資料評估再次被用以產生修正的干擾評估,其被用以 ^另-組的修正資料評估。理論上,該程序可被無限地 $複。然而,事實上該程序於重複二或三次後終止。 SD-PIC與HD-PIC之區別在於符號產生過程。對於 SD〜PIC而言,該符號產生過程產生關於該接收缺 ^信任資訊,對於HD-PIC而言,該符號產生電路並不ϋ對ς 違接收的符號產生信任資訊。該差異只關於該接收界之資 料評估單位之内部處理。兩種PIC接收器皆可產生軟°與石更貝 $決定符號評估’以藉由如第六圖所示專用的次頻道資料 ^理器作更進一步之處理。如第七圖所示,藉由放置二終 輸出資料符號產生器以產生最終接收器輸出,且不同於該 第15頁 584992 五、發明說明(12) "" -----—---- ' 内部的資料符號產生電路。 一*存在於該接收的訊號模式中之習知技藝P 1C接收器有 人】有X的問題。習知技藝p 1C接收器假設每一次頻道之組 二:、、、L /刀離的路徑,其傳輸訊號於該傳輸媒體中。解散佈 ^頻道配合之分離(藉何耦合處理器完成)運算為此假設之 、、Ό果。然而’藉由此假設所建構之接收器只可修正起因於 延伸序列中之非矩形,更被熟知的是多重存取干擾 (M A I)。其無法修正通訊頻道傳輸過程中,由於這些符號 之時間延伸介於_使用者之不同的符號間之干擾。此訊號 腐化之形成係更被熟知之符號間干擾(ISI)。ISI造成「胖 手指效應」之現象。 該胖手指效應發生於當自同一使用者之兩路徑具有如 此小的相對的時間延緩,以至於該延緩無法藉由該接收哭 分辨為兩不同之路徑。該接收器無法自任一路徑 = 料,因而影響所有使用者導致接收器不良的運^ 以貝 由於所有習知技藝PIC接收器利用L路徑簡化的 設,以分離該解散佈與耦合運算之頻道,因此兩 又V. Description of the invention (11) The disperser is used from its own use to evaluate the same user's time = to generate an evaluation of the received data. The different paths of the L—complete data channel are coupled to generate data for users who are transmitting. As shown in the seventh figure, the large ratio facets (mrc) in the conventional technique are combined. Other estimates are rounded to a sign _ = to be available. The coupled data is evaluated by its turn: the = = device: it generates the estimated symbol information, delay, delay code, and the relative delay between the KL paths, and the interference cancellation processor is known. This information is used to generate the :: receive path (that is, the evaluation of the interference of r, 2,3 ... 1 ^, the L signal path of the technical / other user, and the L-1 path of the same user The received signal. The interference evaluation is subtracted from the disperser output, and the processor passes the coupled processor to generate a received data evaluation. The connection and data evaluation is again used to generate a modified interference evaluation, which is used Evaluate with the modified data of the other group. Theoretically, the procedure can be repeated indefinitely. However, the procedure is terminated after repeated two or three times. The difference between SD-PIC and HD-PIC is the symbol generation process. For SD ~ PIC, the symbol generation process generates trust information about the reception, and for HD-PIC, the symbol generation circuit does not generate trust information for the symbols that violate the reception. The difference is only about the reception. Internal processing of the data evaluation unit of the industry. Both PIC receivers can generate soft ° and Shi Gengbei $ determining symbol evaluation 'for further processing by a dedicated sub-channel data processor as shown in Figure 6. As shown in Figure 7, by placing two final losers Data symbol generator to generate the final receiver output, and is different from this page 15 584992 V. Description of the invention (12) " " ----------- 'Internal data symbol generation circuit. * The conventional art P 1C receiver existing in the received signal mode has someone] has the problem of X. The conventional art p 1C receiver assumes that each channel of the group two: ,,, L / knife path, its transmission The signal is in the transmission medium. The separation (distribution (by the coupling processor)) calculation of the channel coordination is the result of this hypothesis. However, the receiver constructed by this assumption can only be modified due to the extended sequence The non-rectangular shape is more commonly known as Multiple Access Interference (MAI). It cannot correct the interference during the transmission of the communication channel because the time extension of these symbols is between the different symbols of the user. This signal corrupts The formation is better known as Intersymbol Interference (ISI). ISI causes the phenomenon of "fat finger effect". This fat finger effect occurs when two paths from the same user have such a small relative time delay that The delay can not be distinguished into two different paths by the receiving cry. The receiver cannot be routed from any path, which affects all users and causes poor receiver operation. ^ Because of all known techniques, the PIC receiver uses the L path to simplify To separate the channels of the dissolution and coupling operations, so the two
接收器其使用一線性多使用者偵測器之正確: PIC . 嘩接收訊號模 一並聯干擾消除接收器系統與方法係利用類似 線性均衡器之接收訊號模式,以減少脈衝變 於、、且 j令應干擾。έθ硷 性均衡包含解調接收器,強迫歸零接收器, 二為 平方差接收器與其相似物。本案之發明包 L小化平均 器回饋迴路,以修正一直接干擾消除器輪^ Τ开爽理 ,κ。該m次重複The correctness of the receiver using a linear multi-user detector: PIC. Noise receiving signal mode-parallel interference cancellation The receiver system and method uses a receiving signal mode similar to a linear equalizer to reduce the pulse variation, and j Order should interfere. The linear equalization includes a demodulation receiver, a forced-zero receiver, and a square-difference receiver and its analogs. The invention package L of this case minimizes the averager feedback loop to modify a direct interference canceller wheel ^ T Kaizhuang, κ. The m times
584992584992
過程自一符合過程之輸出符號移除干擾。該p丨c接收器利 用不同的組線性均衡器之接收的訊號模式,其不假設組合 幾個不同路徑之每一次頻道。該接收器將每一次頻道之脈 衝響應特性評估為一整體。 因此,本發明之目的在於CDMA介面上,提供接收與 碼複數個訊號之系統與方法。 一 本發明之另一目的為提供一PIC接收器系統與方法, 其具有較高的準確性且所需的運算較少。 该系統與方法之其他目的與優點,為熟知該技藝者於 閱頊本案之較佳實施勵之後,即能輕易了解。 、 圖示之簡單說明 圖係習知技藝多重存取通訊系統之簡單方塊圖。 第二圖係習知技藝CDMA通訊系統之簡單方塊圖。 第三圖係習知技藝CDMA接收器具有多使用者之簡The process removes interference from an output symbol that matches the process. The pc receiver utilizes the received signal patterns of different sets of linear equalizers, and it does not assume that each channel of several different paths is combined. The receiver evaluates the pulse response characteristics of each channel as a whole. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for receiving and coding a plurality of signals on a CDMA interface. -Another object of the present invention is to provide a PIC receiver system and method, which has higher accuracy and requires less operations. The other purposes and advantages of the system and method can be easily understood by those skilled in the art after reading the best practices of this case. Brief description of the diagram The diagram is a simple block diagram of a multi-access communication system of the conventional art. The second figure is a simple block diagram of a conventional CDMA communication system. The third picture is the simplified CDMA receiver with multiple users.
r^l 〇 V 第四圖係習知技藝多使用者债測器之簡單方塊圖。 第五圖係習知技藝線性多使用者偵測器之方塊圖。 第六圖係習知技藝P I c接收器之系統方塊圖。β 第七圖係習知技藝P I C資料評估與干擾消除處 系統方塊圖。 之 第八圖係本案之一PIC接收器之系統方塊圖。 第九圖係本案之線性軟決定PI c接收器之系統方塊 第十圖係本案之線性硬決定PI c接收器之系統方塊r ^ l 〇 V The fourth diagram is a simple block diagram of a multi-user debt detector of the conventional art. The fifth figure is a block diagram of a conventional multi-user detector. The sixth diagram is a system block diagram of the conventional art PI receiver. β The seventh diagram is a block diagram of the system of the PI C data evaluation and interference cancellation technique. The eighth figure is a system block diagram of a PIC receiver in this case. The ninth picture is the system block of the linear soft decision PI c receiver in this case The tenth picture is the system block of the linear hard decision PI c receiver in this case
584992 五、發明說明(14) * 圖。 塊圖第十-圖係本案之非線性軟決定PIC接收器之系統方 本案之實施例說明之元件符號請參考圖示。 請參閱第八圖,本發明之並聯干擾消$你 般CDMA頻道中於接收後伯測複數個使用者傳輪收^ j哭 匕包:一自使用針輸入資#,傳輸於」時間; 之形式,匕3—輸入向量r含有自每一使用者之次頻道之 耦合資料,一頻道評估處理器21以推導每一 脈衝響應評估h⑴,以及組合響應矩陣八總系統用5二= 估與干擾消除1^23,以產生無干擾使用者資料d(k)以及一 輸出25,以自接收頻道資料r輸出每—使用者 資料d⑴’於輸出向量之形式。該並聯干擾消除接收⑽ 包含複數個處理器,其具有附帶的記憶體, 量與矩陣之運J。另一實施例可完成本發明== 閘陣列與DSPs執行各種處理n的功能。使用針之總數盘 每一使用者之延伸參數Q⑴(k=1,2,3.·.κ),係為所^的 priori,藉由教導傳輸或藉由預先負載於該pic接收器17 中 0 在解調之後,該接收的訊號3^為輸入丨9至頻道評估 理器21,其中個別k次頻道脈衝響應評估被模擬為”如向 量h⑴,以修正符號間干擾(ISI),其係由次頻道之自有符 號所造成,以及由所有接收的資料訊號之其他使用者之次 頻道符號所造成的M A I。該個別k次頻道脈衝響應評估匕⑴584992 V. Description of the invention (14) * Figure. Block diagram tenth-The diagram shows the system of the non-linear soft-determined PIC receiver in this case. Please refer to the diagram for the component symbols described in the embodiment of this case. Please refer to the eighth figure. In the parallel interference cancellation method of the present invention, in a CDMA channel, after receiving, a plurality of users pass round to receive the call and receive it: a self-use input pin #, transmitted at "time"; Form, dagger 3—the input vector r contains the coupling data from each user ’s secondary channel, a channel evaluation processor 21 to derive each impulse response evaluation h⑴, and the combined response matrix eight total system uses 5 2 = estimation and interference 1 ^ 23 is eliminated to generate interference-free user data d (k) and an output 25, and each user data d⑴ 'is output in the form of an output vector from the received channel data r. The parallel interference cancellation receiver ⑽ includes a plurality of processors, which have an attached memory, a quantity and a matrix. Another embodiment can implement the functions of the gate array and DSPs of the present invention to perform various processing n. Using the total number of needles, each user ’s extended parameter Q⑴ (k = 1, 2, 3 ... κ) is the priori, transmitted by teaching or by being preloaded in the pic receiver 17 0 After demodulation, the received signal 3 ^ is input 丨 9 to the channel evaluation processor 21, where the impulse response evaluation of individual k channels is simulated as "such as the vector h⑴, to correct the inter-symbol interference (ISI), which is The MAI caused by the secondary channel's own symbol and the secondary channel symbol of all other users of the received data signal. The individual k-channel impulse response evaluation dagger
JO寸 五、發明說明(15) 被輸入至第一記憶體29, (方程式3)耦合,產生該用去、與相同使用者之延伸密碼 陣Αη(·〇。每_、統傳輸響應_估=一系、統傳輸響應評估矩 體3 1,其中-總系統傳輸绝 η㉟輸出至-第二記憶 輸響應矩陣Α包含所有系矩陣Α被組合。該總系統傳 用中的所有次頻道藉由;【:;車=含聯二資,係關於利 又頻道之資訊,與在所接ί,时且包含任何可能交 擾。 厅接收的貧料訊號r中之訊號間之干 該總系統傳輸響應矩陣.A被 消除器23,其基於該接收資料向fr,測與干擾 -# ^ f .4 ^ *d,> ^ ί£ ^:3 :;3 ; 3ί ! 3K例如插入者,v i terb i譯碼器及其相似物。2 3 — 消除器23如第九圖所示。該資料谓 =ί 相匹配過滤器器35,其相匹配過濾器 的忒輸入1 9資料向量r產生相匹配過濾器器輪出y之向量, 一加法器37用以自該相匹配過濾器器35輸出y移除回饋% 擾c,一直接干擾消除器38用以獲得該使用者資^d(k> 1評 估,一重複計數器/轉換器41,一回饋干擾處理器43,二 及一付说產生|§ 4 5用以自該評估的使用者資料d⑴組合符 號。 、 為了得到自該耦合的使用者資料r 一特定使用者之使 用者資料d(k),該使用者資料r必須利用一相匹配過渡器器JO inch V. Description of the invention (15) is input to the first memory 29, (Equation 3) is coupled to generate an extended cryptographic matrix Aη (· 〇.) Which is used for the same user. = One system, system transmission response evaluation matrix 31, where-the total system transmission absolute η㉟ output to-the second memory input response matrix A including all system matrices A are combined. All sub-channels in the total system transmission are ; [:; Car = including lianlian zi, is information about Liyou channel, and it may contain any possible interference. The signal received in the poor material signal r received by the office is the total system transmission. The response matrix .A is canceled by 23, which measures and interferes with fr based on the received data-# ^ f. 4 ^ * d, > ^ ί £ ^: 3: 3: 3; 3K such as the inserter, vi The terb i decoder and its analogs. 2 3 — The canceler 23 is shown in the ninth figure. The data is referred to as = ί matching filter 35, whose 忒 input of the matching filter is 1 9 data vector r to generate phase The matching filter rounds out the vector of y. An adder 37 is used to remove the feedback% disturbance c from the output y of the matching filter 35. The direct interference canceller 38 is used to obtain the user data ^ d (k > 1 evaluation, a repetition counter / converter 41, a feedback interference processor 43, two and one pay generation | § 4 5 for self evaluation User data d⑴ combined symbols. In order to obtain user data d (k) of a specific user from the coupled user data r, the user data r must use a matching adapter
第19頁 584992Page 19 584992
35或其相似物過渡。此技藝之 器器35需要一響應特⑯,i f才目匹配過濾 者之次韻i酋阶椒塑旛 八兀素該延伸脈衝形狀與該使用 省*之-人頻迢脈衝響應之耦人 峰一 1右冲# π 複雜共軛數,以在傳輸前產 51%,外人#认 輪出。號r輸入19至該過濾 器35 不付合所給的響應特性產生一較低的輸出。 吞玄相匹配過渡器p ^ C; 士日V、,士人丄M 々 粁的铃人、晶请、室管:35相似於由線性多使用者接收器執 丁的付。、濾運#該相匹配過濾器器3 5運算如方兹々q :描述’不像習知技藝並聯干擾消除接收器之該延伸^ 算。該輸入使用者資料r符合該延伸密碼v(k〉與每一 頻道k之該次頻道脈衝響應hoo。該相匹配過濾器器35輸出 向量y之每一元素係於該傳輪的資料向量d中之對應的符號 之一第一粗略評估。 〜 、儿 5亥總糸統傳輸響應矩陣A提供該相匹配過清号哭3 $之 該響應特性。該總系統傳輸響應矩陣A之每一行係為一向 量,其代表一特定符號之響應特性。該接收的資料向量: 被輸入至該相2&配過濾器器35,其中其符合自該總系統傳 輸響應矩陣A之每一響應特性,以產生該相匹配過渡器器 輸出向量y。輸出向量y之每一元素相當於由所給的一使用 者傳輸之進一梦特定符號之初步評估。 該相匹配過濾器器Μ輸出向量y被輸入至該直接干擾 消除器3 9。該直接干擾消除器3 9完成一部份干擾消除運管 於該相匹配過濾器器3 5輪出向量y。該運算可能為進位運 算或更複雜的速弄。A 一部份干擾消除向量y被輸出如資 料符號評估d,真經由一重複/計數器轉換41a被輸入至^35 or similar. The device 35 of this technique needs a response feature, so that if it matches the filter's secondary rhyme, it is the first-order pepper plastic mold, the extension pulse shape and the use of the province-of-people-frequency pulse response coupled to the human peak. 1 右 冲 # π Complex conjugate number to give 51% before transmission. No. r input 19 to the filter 35 does not match the given response characteristics to produce a lower output. Swallow-matched matching transition device p ^ C; Shiri V, Shiren 丄 M 々 粁 Suzuki, Jing please, room tube: 35 is similar to the payment performed by the linear multi-user receiver. , 滤 运 #The matching filter 3 5 operations such as square 々: q: Description ′ This extension is not the same as the conventional art of parallel interference cancellation receiver ^. The input user data r conforms to the extended password v (k) and the channel impulse response hoo of each channel k. Each element of the output vector y of the matching filter 35 is a data vector d of the pass One of the corresponding symbols in the first rough evaluation. ~, The general system transmission response matrix A provides the response characteristics of the matching clear number 3 $. Each row of the total system transmission response matrix A is A vector representing the response characteristics of a particular symbol. The received data vector: is input to the phase 2 & filter 35, where it conforms to each response characteristic of the response matrix A transmitted from the total system to produce The matching transitioner output vector y. Each element of the output vector y corresponds to a preliminary evaluation of a specific symbol transmitted by a given user. The matching filter M output vector y is input to the Direct interference canceller 39. The direct interference canceller 3 9 performs part of the interference cancellation operation on the matching filter 35 out of the vector y. This operation may be a carry operation or a more complicated trick. A a part The interference cancellation vector y is output as the data symbol evaluation d, and is really input to ^ via a repeat / counter conversion 41a.
584992 五、發明說明(17) ; -----— 回饋干擾處理器43。 該回饋干擾處理器43利用直接干擾消除器39輸出評估 、…乂。達到干擾斤估輸出如一向量c,其未藉由該直接干擾 消除器=先被刪除。該干擾評估C自該相匹配過濾器器35 =出向里y被減去。該結果Z為該相匹配過濾器器35輸出向 置y減去該干擾評估c。該重複的干擾減少過程可被重複m 次’端視於所欲之訊號修正程度。在m次重複之後,該干 擾自該相匹配過濾器器35被移除,且該重複/計數器轉換 41被轉動41b輸出d於最終輸出符號產生45。 該直接干擾消除器39/回饋干擾處理器43之運算負回 饋控,迴路如第九圖所示,代表一m次重複接收器。例 如’若m = 2,該pic接收器17已重複該消除程序兩次。由回 饋干擾處理器43之干擾向量輸出c(m)以及由該直接干擾消 除器39之符號評估向量輸出d(m),對於mth重複, 以及 方程式1 0 c(m)=Td(m-l) 方程式11 其^該直接干擾消除器39執行該相匹配過濾器器輸出 σ里y乘以矩陣S ’以及該回饋干擾處理器4 3執行該符號584992 V. Description of the invention (17); ------ feedback interference processor 43. The feedback interference processor 43 uses the direct interference canceller 39 to output the evaluation,... 乂. The interference output is reached as a vector c, which is not deleted by the direct interference canceller = first. The interference evaluation C is subtracted from the matched filter 35 = outward y. The result Z is the output direction y of the matched filter 35 minus the interference evaluation c. This repeated interference reduction process can be repeated m times' depending on the desired signal correction level. After m iterations, the interference is removed from the matched filter 35, and the repetition / counter conversion 41 is rotated 41b to output d at the final output sign to produce 45. The calculation of the negative feedback control of the direct interference canceller 39 / feedback interference processor 43 is as shown in the ninth figure, which represents a m-times repeated receiver. For example, 'if m = 2, the pic receiver 17 has repeated the cancellation procedure twice. The interference vector output c (m) by the feedback interference processor 43 and the symbol evaluation vector output d (m) by the direct interference canceller 39 are repeated for mth, and the equation 1 0 c (m) = Td (ml) Equation 11 ^ the direct interference canceller 39 executes the matched filter output σ multiplied by the matrix S ′ and the feedback interference processor 4 3 executes the symbol
在最後m次重複之德 該向量d(m)。如習知技蓺^直接干擾消除器39之輸出為 處理係藉由該最終輸出;擾消除接收器,此輸出之 資訊於該輸出符號評估,:於:45 ’其f生硬或軟決定 端視於本發明1 7執杆夕舌、糸統之需―要。 出鱼干ρ,、自^ γ、 之重複m數目,該資料評估之輸 由〜卞镘4除i§d(m)可被寫為 w d⑽=OST+〇 + (一z)-1 琢方程式 i 2 其中該穩定態響應為 ^ss~(ST+I) Sy 方程式 1 3 且暫時的響應為 孑⑽= (-1)157^0^+/)-1琢 方程式14 當重複數目增加時,若該暫時響應接近零該pic接收 器1 7收斂至該穩定態響應。當此發生時,該接收器丨7收斂 至穩定態如方程式13所描述,其被解釋於Α· Reznik之技 術論文,題目為新種類的PIC多使用者接收器及其與This vector d (m) is repeated at the last m times. As is known in the art, the output of the direct interference canceller 39 is processed by the final output; the interference cancellation receiver, the information of this output is evaluated in the output symbol: at: 45 'its f hard or soft determines the end view In accordance with the present invention, the needs of the system and the system are required. The number of repetitive m from the dried fish ρ ,, ^ γ, and the evaluation of this data is divided by ~ 卞 镘 4 i§d (m) can be written as w d⑽ = OST + 〇 + (一 z) -1 Equation i 2 where the steady-state response is ^ ss ~ (ST + I) Sy Equation 1 3 and the temporary response is 孑 ⑽ = (-1) 157 ^ 0 ^ + /)-1 Equation 14 When the number of repetitions increases, If the temporary response approaches zero, the pic receiver 17 converges to the steady state response. When this happens, the receiver converges to a stable state as described in Equation 13, which is explained in the technical paper of Α · Reznik, titled the new type of PIC multi-user receiver and its
第22頁 584992 五、發明說明(19) ZF-BLE與MMSE-BLE多使用者接收器之關係,該參考資料為 1 999 年1 〇 月19 日 I terDigita1 Communication Corporat i on之内部報告。 習知技藝線性接收器如ZF-BLE,MMSE-BLE及其他與解 關係器之穩定態響應被定義為 ' d = 0^ly 方程式1 5 其中0係標的矩陣。 請返回參照方程式1 3與1 5 ;若矩陣S與T被選擇,則 (ST + I)!S - ,且若方程式與η中定義之接收器I? 收斂’其將收斂至接收器結構〇所定義之該線性接收器。 線性代數必須為為了使(ST + 〇-is =: 〇-1,矩陣s,T與0必 須滿足以下之定義:Page 22 584992 V. Description of the invention (19) The relationship between ZF-BLE and MMSE-BLE multi-user receiver, this reference is the internal report of October 19, 1999 IterDigita1 Communication Corporat i on. Known techniques The steady state response of linear receivers such as ZF-BLE, MMSE-BLE and other de-correlator is defined as' d = 0 ^ ly Equation 1 5 where 0 is the matrix of the standard. Please refer back to equations 1 3 and 15; if the matrices S and T are selected, then (ST + I)! S-, and if the receiver I defined in the equation and η converges, it will converge to the receiver structure. The defined linear receiver. The linear algebra must be such that (ST + 〇-is =: 〇-1, matrices s, T, and 0 must satisfy the following definitions:
T S-1 方程式1 6 方私式1 6劃分接收器結構〇至兩個個別的矩陣τ與义!,並非 是為了轉化該接收器結構〇。矩陣τ定義該回饋干擾處理器 43。矩陣S(矩陣S 1之倒轉)定義該直接干擾消除器39。本 發明1 7於該回饋迴路中,以另一矩陣之倒轉與一系列矩 陣乘法重置該矩陣0之倒轉。 本發明17之一優點為該矩陣S-1之轉化複雜度低於該原 始接收器結構〇。例如,矩陣可為一對角線矩陣(只在主T S-1 Equation 1 6 Equation private 16 divides the receiver structure 0 to two separate matrices τ and Y! Is not to transform the receiver structure. The matrix τ defines the feedback interference processor 43. The matrix S (the inversion of the matrix S 1) defines the direct interference canceller 39. According to the present invention, in the feedback loop, the inversion of the matrix 0 is reset by the inversion of another matrix and a series of matrix multiplications. One advantage of the invention 17 is that the transformation complexity of the matrix S-1 is lower than the original receiver structure. For example, the matrix can be a diagonal matrix (only in the main
第23頁 J54992 五、發明說^Γ(20) 涉在主=零輸入之矩陣)…對角線矩陣之倒轉只牵 王要對角線中每一個別元素之倒轉。 線應改善該PIC17之表現,矩陣T之主要對角 描述者 的零。如A. Reznik之參考文章中所示及所 收器=所輕合矩陣了與3之兩公式,—普遍的PIC接 線性接^ 殊形式被產生。―接收器結構Q所提之一 r接收器,矩陣S被定義為 方程式1 7 = diag(O)Page 23 J54992 V. Invention ^ Γ (20) Involving the matrix of main = zero input) ... The inversion of the diagonal matrix only involves the inversion of each individual element in the diagonal. The line should improve the performance of the PIC17, the main diagonal of the matrix T is zero. As shown in the reference article of A. Reznik and the receiver = the light-combination matrix and the two formulas of 3, the general PIC connection linear connection form is generated. ―One of the receiver structures Q mentioned r receiver, matrix S is defined as Equation 1 7 = diag (O)
ί 定義一矩陣,其中該主要對角線之輸入等於X 、線輪入’且該矩陣之所有其他元素等零。利用 方程式16解矩陣τ產生 τ = 0 - S、1 方程式1 8 由於该直接干擾消除器39執行z(m)乘以矩陣§(其為 diag(O)之倒轉),該消除器39執行該向量z(m)之每一個別 兀素之進位。d(m)之矩陣乘以矩陣τ於該回饋干擾處理器 43 ’計算出該干擾元素。包含此結構之接收器係指一具有 元全干擾消除於該回饋或一 p丨C - f I接收器之並聯干擾消除 接收器。 μ 對於一需要強迫歸零機制之系統而言,該接收器必須Define a matrix where the input of the main diagonal is equal to X, the line turns in 'and all other elements of the matrix are equal to zero. Use the solution matrix of Equation 16 to generate τ = 0-S, 1 Equation 1 8 Since the direct interference canceller 39 performs z (m) multiplied by the matrix § (which is the inversion of diag (O)), the canceller 39 performs the The carry of each individual element of the vector z (m). The matrix of d (m) is multiplied by the matrix τ and the feedback interference processor 43 'calculates the interference element. A receiver including this structure refers to a parallel interference cancellation receiver with elementary interference cancellation in the feedback or a p 丨 C-f I receiver. μ For a system requiring a forced zeroing mechanism, the receiver must
第24頁 584992 五、發明說明(21) 收斂至該ZF-BLE線性接收器。本發明17之ZF-PIC-fl利用 ZF-BLE接收器結構〇 = AHA。所以,矩陣S與T被定義為 S'1 = diag(AHA) 方程式19以及 T 二 AHA - diag(AHA) 方程式20 對於需要一最小平均平方差接收機制之一系統而言, 該接收器必須收斂至該MMSE-BLE線性接收器。本發明17之 MMSE-PIC-fl接收器利用該MMSE-BLE接收器結構〇= ahA + σ2Ι。所以,矩陣s與τ被定義為 S1 = diag(AHA) + 方程式21 以及 T = A«A - diag(A«A) 方程式22 對於需要一解關聯接收器之一系統而言,總系統響應 矩陣A其被組合於頻道評估器處理器2 1中,係被組合為忽 視β頻道效應之一交叉關聯矩陣。該接收器之結構同於之 月’J所敘述之該ZF-P ic-f I結構,但使用該a矩陣之修飾版 本。 熟知此技藝之人士可了解其他具有在回饋迴路中 (PIC-f I接收器)具有完全干擾消除之PIC接收器之建構, 可利用該系統與本發明1 7之方法,輕合所有已存在的線性 ,收器模式。該兩個線性接收器模式ZF —BLE與〇3£已如實 ^例中所示範者。利用本發明1 7之方法,一線性接收器被 優先選擇以決定收斂。 本發明1 7之另一實施例,其利用相同的系統結構2 3將Page 24 584992 V. Description of the invention (21) Convergence to the ZF-BLE linear receiver. The ZF-PIC-fl of the present invention 17 uses a ZF-BLE receiver structure. 0 = AHA. Therefore, the matrices S and T are defined as S'1 = diag (AHA) Equation 19 and T 2 AHA-diag (AHA) Equation 20 For a system that requires a minimum mean squared difference reception mechanism, the receiver must converge To this MMSE-BLE linear receiver. The MMSE-PIC-fl receiver of the present invention 17 uses the MMSE-BLE receiver structure 0 = ahA + σ2I. Therefore, the matrices s and τ are defined as S1 = diag (AHA) + Equation 21 and T = A «A-diag (A« A) Equation 22 For a system that requires a disassociated receiver, the total system response matrix A It is combined in the channel evaluator processor 21 and is combined into a cross-correlation matrix that ignores the beta channel effect. The structure of the receiver is the same as that of the ZF-Pic-f I structure described in the month 'J, but using a modified version of the a matrix. Those skilled in the art can understand the construction of other PIC receivers with complete interference cancellation in the feedback loop (PIC-f I receiver). This system and the method of the invention 17 can be used to lightly integrate all existing Linear, receiver mode. The two linear receiver modes, ZF — BLE and 〇3 £, have been exemplified in the example. Using the method of the present invention, a linear receiver is preferentially selected to determine convergence. Another embodiment of the invention 1 7 uses the same system structure 2 3
第25頁 584992 、發明說明(22) 内部符號干擾(I SI )之消除委託給該直接干擾消除器3 9。 該回饋干擾處理器43被用以消除多重存取干擾(MAI)。此 實施例係指具有直接ISI消除(pic-dlSI)之一並聯干擾消 除器。如A· Reznik之參可文章中所述,此方法較p ic-Π 更為複雜,但可提供改善其表現。 對於一需要強迫歸零機制之系統而言,該接收器必須 收斂至一 ZF-BLE線性接收器。利用本發明丨7之該系統與方 法’該接收器係指一ZF-PIC-dlSI接收器,其S與T矩陣被 定義為 0 方程式2 3以及 ^(Κ) Τ = AHA -s—1 對於需要一最小平均平方差 收器必須收斂至該MMSE-βΐ^Ε: 系統與方法,該接收器係指 具有之S與τ矩陣被定義為 方程式2 4 接收機制之一系統而言,該接 線性接收器。利用本發明1 7之 一MMSE-Pic-dISI接收器,其Page 25 584992, Description of Invention (22) The elimination of internal symbol interference (I SI) is entrusted to the direct interference canceller 39. The feedback interference processor 43 is used to eliminate multiple access interference (MAI). This embodiment refers to one of the parallel interference cancellers with direct ISI cancellation (pic-dlSI). As described in A. Reznik's reference article, this method is more complex than pic-II, but it can provide improved performance. For a system that requires a forced zeroing mechanism, the receiver must converge to a ZF-BLE linear receiver. Utilizing the system and method of the present invention, the receiver is a ZF-PIC-dlSI receiver whose S and T matrices are defined as 0 Equation 2 3 and ^ (Κ) T = AHA -s-1 for A minimum mean square difference receiver is required to converge to the MMSE-βΐ ^ Ε: system and method. The receiver refers to a system with S and τ matrices defined as one of the receiving mechanisms of Equation 2 4. receiver. Using the MMSE-Pic-dISI receiver of one of the seventeenth aspects of the present invention,
584992 五、發明說明(23) 0 s (k)H λ (k) Ο (Κ)Η 方程式2 5以及 方程式2 6 之建構,係利用本 接收器模式。該兩 施例中該PIC-dISI ’一線性接收器被584992 V. Description of the invention (23) 0 s (k) H λ (k) Ο (Κ) Η The construction of equation 25 and equation 26 uses the receiver mode. In both embodiments, the PIC-dISI ′ -linear receiver is
T = ΑΗΑ -S'1 + σ2 I 統而言,總系統響 ^ 2 1中,係被組合 。該接收器之結構 ’但使两該A矩陣之 對於需要一解關聯器接收器之—系 應矩陣Α其被組合於該頻道評估器處理 於一忽視該頻道效應之交叉關聯矩陣中 同於之前所敘述之該2『-?1(:-(1131結構 修飾版本。 其他具有直接I S I消除之P I C接收器 發明1 7之系統與方法輕合已存在之線性 個線性接收器模式ZF-BLE與MMSE已如實 接收器結構所示。如該P I C - f I接收器中 優先選擇以決定收斂。 亡所述之接收器當干擾的程度低時可收斂良好。多 Ϊ ί Ϊ糸統如具有精確電源控制之UMTS第三代寬頻CDMA之 '、“刀配雙工(FDD),顯示出低干擾程度。如之前所描T = ΑΗΑ -S'1 + σ2 I In general, the total system response ^ 2 1 is combined. The structure of the receiver 'but the two A matrixes need a decorrelator receiver — the response matrix A is combined in the channel evaluator and processed in a cross correlation matrix that ignores the channel effect is the same The described 2 ′-? 1 (:-( 1131 structure modified version. Other PIC receivers with direct ISI cancellation Invention 17 System and method Lightweight existing linear linear receiver modes ZF-BLE and MMSE The actual receiver structure is shown. As the PIC-f I receiver is preferred to determine convergence. The receiver described above can converge well when the level of interference is low. Many systems, such as accurate power control UMTS 3rd Generation Broadband CDMA, "" Knife with Duplex (FDD) "shows low interference level. As described before
584992 五、發明說明(24) 述’本發明1 7並不侷限於所描述之接收器。矩陣8與了之任 何選擇可提供一可實行的接收器結構。如一接收器結構 〇 ’方程式16定義接收器結構之任何數目,其收斂至°該接 收器結構0所定義之一線性接收器。s與了之不同選擇對於 一所欲接收器之複雜度與表現之不同選擇。當開發該接 消除器39之表現如該?1(>〇1151接收器時,可得到較J 表現收ί1要現。然而,該直接干擾消除器39之更好的 複雜戶更複雜矩陣之倒轉,以增加該接收器之 模式,其必須倒轉該接彳器結構。。 硬決定並定並聯干擾消除接收器之描述。 心上聊干擾消除接收器Ο, 至形成硬決定49之該回饋路和,二增加一付號產生器 第十圖中所示。非線性 、,;s玄付旒評估d(m)而得如 由以非線性軟決定符號^生擾消除接收器51可藉 如第十一圖所示。 器03置換該硬符號產生器49, 雖然本發明已經由較 利範圍中本發明範圍内之i: ::所:述’但在如申請專 所能理解。 / 交化,為熟知此技藝之人士 第28頁 584992 圖式簡單說明 17 接 收 器 19 輸 入 21 頻 道 評 估 處 理器 2 3 干 擾 消 除 器 2 5 輸 出 29 第 一 記 憶 體 31 第 二 記 憶 體 3 3! ,332 ,333 …33κ :次 35 相 匹 配 過 濾 32: 3S 37 加 法 器 38 直 接 干 擾 消 除器 41 重 複 計 數 器 /轉換器 41a :重複/ 計 數 器轉換 43 ••回 饋 干 擾 處 理器 45 :符 號 產 生 器 47 、51 • 干 擾 消 除接收器 49 •硬 符 號 產 生 器 53 :決 定 符 號 產 生器584992 V. Description of the invention (24) The invention 17 is not limited to the receiver described. Any choice of matrix 8 provides a viable receiver structure. As a receiver structure, 0 'Equation 16 defines any number of receiver structures, which converges to a linear receiver defined by the receiver structure 0. Different choices for s Different choices for the complexity and performance of a desired receiver. When should the performance of this canceller 39 be developed? 1 (> 01151 receiver, you can get 1 more performance than J performance. However, the direct interference canceller 39 is better than the complex user inversion of more complex matrix to increase the receiver mode, it must Reverse the structure of the receiver ... Hard to determine and determine the description of the parallel interference cancellation receiver. Heart to talk about the interference cancellation receiver 0, to form the feedback path sum of the hard decision 49, and add a pay number generator. As shown in Fig. 11, the nonlinearity, s, and s are evaluated as d (m) by using a non-linear soft-determined symbol. The interference cancellation receiver 51 can be replaced by the device shown in Fig. 11. The symbol generator 49, although the present invention has been covered by i ::::: mentioned in the scope of the present invention in the more favorable scope, but it can be understood as the applicant. / Cross, for those who are familiar with this technology, page 28 584992 Brief description of the diagram 17 receiver 19 input 21 channel evaluation processor 2 3 interference canceller 2 5 output 29 first memory 31 second memory 3 3 !, 332, 333… 33κ: times 35 matching filtering 32: 3S 37 addition Generator 38 direct interference canceller 41 repeat counter / converter 41a: repeat / counter conversion 43
第29頁Page 29
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TW94104374A TWI266488B (en) | 2000-09-21 | 2001-08-27 | Parallel interference cancellation receiver for multiuser detection of CDMA signals |
TW92129363A TWI246258B (en) | 2000-09-21 | 2001-08-27 | Parallel interference cancellation receiver for multiuser detection of CDMA signals |
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