A7 --------- ---B7 五、發明説明（1 ) ' --一 本發明係關於一種如申請專利範圍第1項所揭示的技 術概念之連續澆鑄煉鋼用的鑄模。 以銅或銅合金製成之铸型空腔壁在連續洗铸過程中， 由於和沿著铸模壁移動乂铸㈣鎊述護板產生機械性交互 作用故而會又到相當兩的損耗。為抑制此種形式的損耗 ，通常係於鑄型空腔壁的鑄模空腔側，至少在特別承受大 負荷的位置，配置一個薄薄的降低損耗保護層。例如，de 34 150 50揭示一種鑄模，其鑄型空腔壁係由一以銅或銅 合金製成之被覆支座，和一被鍍在該被覆支座的鑄型空腔 側之被覆層所構成，該被覆層以鎳及/或鉻為基材，及必 要的其他添加物，厚度則可達h5 mm。此種塗覆比被覆 支座的材料硬，且其本身比不具有此種塗覆之被覆支座更 可抗磨耗。 本發明之課題係以缚模之用銅或銅合金為暴材製成的 铸型空腔壁之該等缺點為出發點，目的在於完成一種錄模 ，其適用於煉鋼過程的連續澆鑄，且其性質允許連續洗鑄 設備在結構上做簡化，並且可以更經濟地製造鑄型空腔壁 該目的可以依據本發明，藉具有申請專利範圍第丨項 之特徵的鑄模而達成。 依據本發明之鑄模的鑄型空腔壁包括一被覆支座，及 在一鑄型空腔側被塗覆於該被覆支座的被覆層，其中，該 被覆層係由導熱性比被覆支座的材料為高之原料製成，而 且設計成在洗錄時，被覆支座内的溫度係藉助冷卻裝置而 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（210X297公釐） & 2T先閲讀背面之注*事項再填¾本頁) 、可丨 567101 A7 B7 五、發明説明（2 降至可保持於對被覆支座的強度具有決定性的極限值以下 〇 被覆支座與被覆層在功能上互相配合，提供鎮型空腔 壁所需的鑄型安定性及所需的熱性能。合適的材料，例如 I呂或紹合金，通常其導熱性在13〇— 22〇w/mK的範圍，比 銅的導熱性少了約50%。被覆支座因該被覆層而不會在澆 鑄時與熔鋼直接接觸，並且可以藉冷卻裝置而被保持於一 使銘或紹合金在澆鑄作業時具有一足夠確保該被覆本座的 鑄型安定性之溫度。被覆支座係用作為被覆層之安定的基 底，從而負擔鑄型空腔壁之鑄型安定性。 被覆層之作用係將鑄型空腔壁之熱性能最適化。由於 該被覆層在澆鑄時會與熔鋼直接接觸，因此，該被覆層一 方面必需具有適當的導熱性，以在澆鑄過程中確保實現被 覆層之安定性的溫度。此外，被覆層的熱性能被設計成， 當鑄型空腔壁承受澆鑄過程中必需被引流通過鑄型空腔壁 之儘可能大的熱流時，能夠保護被覆支座免於被過度加熱 由於澆鑄過程中，尤其在接近熔鋼浴面形成相當高的 熱流密度，並因而在鑄型空腔壁也形成相當大的溫度梯度 ，所以相對於鑄型空腔壁之總厚度，被覆層可以做得相當 薄’以保護被覆支座免於過度受熱。依據本發明所構成之 被覆層允許使用鋁或鋁合金做為鑄型空腔壁的原料。鋁或 鋁合金之熱及機械性能允許在鋁或鋁合金製成之被覆支座 的基底上配合一適當的被覆層而形成鑄型空腔壁，關於其 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) .裝· •、一--口 :線· 在洗鑄時之安定性，熱耐受性與散熱性，和f知之以銅或 鋼合金製成的鑄型空腔壁相比，至少相等，並且可以額外 地提供使用鋁時，鋁本身所具有的一系列優點。 鋁合金因其高強度與熱性能，在當做依據本發明之鑄 模的原料使用時尤其合適，其例有，以链及鎂為基材的合 金，·例如習知之Anticorodal WN 6082係A1 Mg Sil合金， 或以鋁及鈹為基材的合金，例如含有27·28重量百分比之 鋁與60-70重量百分比之皱的合金。上述合金係做為原料 之例，具有150-220 W/mK的範圍之導熱性。儘管其等之 導熱性比銅低，但是其等一至少在室溫下一明顯地比銅硬 。以該等原料製成之被覆支座因此可以一與銅製的被覆支 座相比一即使表現相當低的壁強度，依然確保所需的安定 性，而且一儘管導熱性較少一在澆鑄時確保符合要求之熱 流密度。 依據本發明之鑄模的鑄型空腔壁和類似的銅或銅合金 製缚型空腔壁相比，k供了相對便宜的製造成本之先決條 件。其中一個顯著節省成本的原因在於，和銅相比，使用 姜呂時所需的原料成本明顯較少。另一個成本上的優點在於 ’姑合金一例如A1 Mg Sil —既提供高強度，也無需昂貴 的冷凝作業。在前一個情形中，工件也能以熱狀態，在簡 化的條件下被精確地成也，尤其可以不需要進行冷加工以 達成時效硬化。 做為被覆層之原料，因具有高於被覆支座的導熱性， 故尤以銅或銅合金為合適。 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（21GX297公爱） 567101 A7 B7 五、發明説明（4 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 合適的被覆層之另一種變體為其材料具有比熔鋼的溫 度高之熔融溫度。在冷卻裝置之作用受到損害的情形中， 此種被覆層會改善鑄模的操作安全性。適用於被覆層之具 有超過1450°C的熔融溫度之原料可舉例如鉬、鎢、鎳等金 屬’或以此4金屬為基材的合金，及陶究材料。 透過適當的材料選擇，依據本發明之鑄模的鑄型空腔 壁之被覆層可以被建構成，在淹鱗作業中，與鎿链之交互 作用導致儘可能少的磨耗。具有高耐磨強度的材料習知者 有鎳與鉻，尤其是硬鉻。鎳與鉻亦可組合以形成被覆層。 被覆支座的壁厚可為2—10 mm。為了使被覆支座在 澆鑄作業中不會過度受熱，且其本身在極端的條件下，就 強度與鑄型安定性顯示出高數值，被覆層係製成具有〇.5 —5 mm厚度的厚層，以丨一 4 mm為佳。此種被覆層可以 電鍍或金屬包層，或藉熱噴塗，例如火焰喷塗或電漿喷塗 來製造，必要時再利用加工處理配上一個符合鑄型空腔所 需的形狀，並且具有必要的準確度之表面。 鑄型空腔壁可以在隔著空腔襯壁的一側引進一致冷劑 ，例如·冷卻水，以達到冷卻的目的。為擴大致冷劑所環流 的表面，被覆支座可以在背離空腔側安裝冷卻肪條。為了 使冷卻效果最適化，冷卻肋條間的距離可以選擇在例如5 一 8 mm間。在此種結構中，冷卻肋條之間的壁厚可為2 一 10 mm。具有此種薄壁厚的被覆支座，例如與一 3 銅被覆層組合，可確保澆鑄鋼時會獲致一般量級的熱流， 而不會發生被覆支座被加熱超過該被覆支座維持鑄型安定 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（21〇χ297公楚） 567101 A7 五、發明説明（ ’於其禱型空腔側被覆-高導熱性之可更新的銅或銅合金 製被覆層7，其導熱性為伽w/mK。該被覆層7可藉 電鑛而被覆於該被覆支座6。亦可利用熱喷塗，例如火焰 或電聚噴塗’或以金屑包層的方式被覆。被覆厚度為〇 5 mm尤以2-4 mm為佳的被覆層7之後，空腔4經過 加工處理而形成所需的鑄型空腔容量和所需的表面性能。 關於轉型空腔表面之加卫可以應用所有該項技術中習知的方法’尤以切削加工’如銑切 '磨光、電火花燒蝕，或以電射光束加工。 在被覆支座6的材料選擇上，第一優先係對準升高溫 度時要有良好的鎢型安；t性。被覆支座6亦可由數個部件 集成而不會有缺點’其係因被覆層會在空腔中將各個部件 之間的接合處遮蓋得毫無縫隙。舉例而言，被覆支座可 由數個部件構成，其係利用焊接，藉助合適的固定方式 如接或鉚接，或以其他方式固定在一起。對被覆支座 而。其他材料，如紹亦適用。因此，可以使用鋼、鋒 、灰口鑄鐵、鈦、鉬、鎂、鎳、鉻、鋅、鈀、金、銀， 以一種絲種該等原料所製成之適當的合金，或類似物 本貫例中，被覆支座6在背離空腔4的一側配設了 部肋條11。為保持相當的大小之冷卻面積，冷卻肋條i ^之 間的距離在5—8刪的範圍。被覆支座6在冷卻肋條1!之 間的壁厚12，可為2一 1〇 mm的範圍内之數值。 第3圖中，鑄模20設有一攪拌裝置21。鑄型空腔壁22, 界足出具有正方形橫斷面的空腔22。依據電磁攪拌裝置 以 6 鋼或 冷A7 --------- --- B7 V. Description of the invention (1) '-This invention relates to a continuous casting steelmaking mold for the technical concept disclosed in item 1 of the scope of patent application . The wall of the cavity of a mold made of copper or a copper alloy is continuously lost during the continuous washing process due to the mechanical interaction with the mold guard moving along the mold wall. In order to suppress this type of loss, it is usually tied to the cavity side of the mold cavity wall, and at least in a location that is particularly exposed to heavy loads, a thin loss-reducing protective layer is arranged. For example, de 34 150 50 discloses a casting mold whose mold cavity wall is made of a coating support made of copper or a copper alloy, and a coating layer which is plated on the mold cavity side of the coating support. Composition, the coating layer is based on nickel and / or chromium, and other necessary additives, and the thickness can reach h5 mm. This coating is harder than the material of the coating support and is more resistant to abrasion than the coating support without such coating. The subject of the present invention is to take the shortcomings of the mold cavity wall made of copper or copper alloy as a storm material as the starting point, and the purpose is to complete a mold recording, which is suitable for continuous casting in the steelmaking process, and Its nature allows the continuous washing and casting equipment to be simplified in structure, and the wall of the mold cavity can be manufactured more economically. This object can be achieved according to the present invention by a casting mold having the characteristics of the scope of application for patent. The mold cavity wall of the mold according to the present invention includes a coating support and a coating layer coated on the coating support on a mold cavity side, wherein the coating layer is covered by a thermal conductivity ratio coating support. The material is made of high-quality raw materials, and is designed so that the temperature in the coating support is cooled by means of a cooling device during the recording. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) & 2T Note on the back * Matters need to be refilled on this page), can be 567101 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (2 reduced to below the limit that can determine the strength of the coating support 〇 The coating support and coating are functional Cooperate with each other to provide the mold stability and thermal performance required by the cavity wall. Suitable materials, such as I Lu or Shao alloy, usually have a thermal conductivity in the range of 13-20 w / mK, The thermal conductivity is about 50% lower than that of copper. Due to the coating, the coating support does not directly contact the molten steel during casting, and can be maintained by a cooling device so that the Ming or Shao alloy has the same properties during the casting operation. A sufficient amount to ensure that Stability temperature. The coating support is used as the stable base of the coating layer, so as to bear the mold stability of the mold cavity wall. The function of the coating layer is to optimize the thermal performance of the mold cavity wall. The coating will be in direct contact with the molten steel during casting. Therefore, the coating must have appropriate thermal conductivity on the one hand to ensure the stable temperature of the coating during the casting process. In addition, the thermal performance of the coating is designed Therefore, when the mold cavity wall withstands the greatest possible heat flow that must be drawn through the mold cavity wall during the casting process, it can protect the covered support from being overheated due to the casting process, especially near the molten steel bath. The surface forms a relatively high heat flux density, and thus a considerable temperature gradient is also formed in the cavity wall of the mold, so the coating layer can be made quite thin relative to the total thickness of the cavity wall of the mold to protect the coating support from Due to excessive heating. The coating according to the present invention allows the use of aluminum or aluminum alloy as the raw material for the cavity wall of the mold. The thermal and mechanical properties of aluminum or aluminum alloy allow the The base of the coating support made of gold is matched with an appropriate coating to form a mold cavity wall. For its paper size, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) is applied. (Please read the note on the back first Please fill in this page for more information.) Installation · •, One-mouth: wire · Stability, heat resistance and heat dissipation during washing and casting, and know the cavity wall made of copper or steel alloy Compared with, at least equal, and can additionally provide a series of advantages of aluminum itself when using aluminum. Aluminum alloys are particularly suitable when used as raw materials for molds according to the present invention because of their high strength and thermal properties, for example Yes, alloys based on chains and magnesium, such as the conventional Anticorodal WN 6082 series A1 Mg Sil alloy, or alloys based on aluminum and beryllium, such as 27.28 weight percent aluminum and 60-70 weight Percent wrinkled alloy. The above alloy is used as an example of a raw material, and has a thermal conductivity in a range of 150 to 220 W / mK. Although their thermal conductivity is lower than that of copper, they are significantly harder than copper at least at room temperature. Coated bearings made of these materials can therefore ensure the required stability even with relatively low wall strength compared to copper-coated bearings, and despite the low thermal conductivity, they are ensured during casting Meet the required heat flux density. Compared with similar cavity walls made of copper or copper alloy, the cavity wall of the mold according to the present invention provides a prerequisite for relatively cheap manufacturing costs. One of the reasons for the significant cost savings is that compared to copper, the cost of raw materials is significantly less when using ginger. Another cost advantage is that 'alloys such as A1 Mg Sil—provide both high strength and no need for expensive condensation operations. In the former case, the workpiece can also be accurately formed in a hot state under simplified conditions, especially without the need for cold working to achieve age hardening. As the raw material of the coating layer, copper or a copper alloy is particularly suitable because it has a higher thermal conductivity than the coating support. 6 This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21GX297 public love) 567101 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Another variant of a suitable coating is Its material has a melting temperature higher than the temperature of molten steel. In the case where the cooling device is damaged, this coating will improve the operating safety of the mold. It is suitable for coatings with a melting temperature exceeding 1450 ° C. The raw materials can be metals such as molybdenum, tungsten, nickel, or alloys based on these four metals, and ceramic materials. Through appropriate material selection, the coating of the cavity wall of the mold according to the present invention can be coated In construction, in the flooding operation, the interaction with the chain causes as little abrasion as possible. Materials with high wear resistance are known to be nickel and chromium, especially hard chromium. Nickel and chromium can also be combined to form Coating layer. The thickness of the coating support can be 2-10 mm. In order to prevent the coating support from being excessively heated during the casting operation, and it itself shows a high number of strength and mold stability under extreme conditions. The coating is made of a thick layer with a thickness of 0.5-5 mm, preferably 4 mm. This coating can be electroplated or metal-clad, or sprayed by heat, such as flame spraying or plasma spraying. It is manufactured by coating, and if necessary, it is processed with a surface that conforms to the shape of the mold cavity and has the necessary accuracy. The cavity wall of the mold can be introduced uniformly on the side across the cavity liner. Refrigerant, such as cooling water, to achieve the purpose of cooling. In order to enlarge the surface circulating by the refrigerant, the coating support can be equipped with cooling bars on the side facing away from the cavity. In order to optimize the cooling effect, the distance between the cooling ribs It can be chosen, for example, between 5 and 8 mm. In this structure, the wall thickness between the cooling ribs can be 2 to 10 mm. A coating support with such a thin wall thickness, for example in combination with a 3 copper coating, can ensure When casting steel, a general-level heat flow will be obtained without the covered support being heated beyond the covered support to maintain the mold stability. This paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇297297) 567101 A7 Five Explanation ('Cover on the side of its prayer-type cavity-Highly thermally conductive, renewable copper or copper alloy coating layer 7 with a thermal conductivity of Gamma w / mK. The coating layer 7 can be covered by the power mine to the coating Support 6. Can also be covered by thermal spraying, such as flame or electrospray spraying, or by cladding of gold chips. After coating layer 7 with a coating thickness of 0.05 mm, preferably 2-4 mm, the cavity 4 After processing, the required mold cavity volume and required surface properties are formed. Regarding the transformation of the cavity surface, all the methods known in the technology can be applied 'especially cutting' such as milling Polishing, EDM ablation, or machining with an electric beam. In the selection of the material of the coating support 6, the first priority is to have a good tungsten type when the temperature is raised; t properties. The covering support 6 can also be integrated from several parts without any disadvantages' because the covering layer will cover the joints between the parts in the cavity without any gap. For example, the covering support may consist of several parts, which are welded, fixed together by suitable fixing methods such as welding or riveting, or otherwise. To the covered bearings. Other materials such as Shao are also applicable. Therefore, it is possible to use steel, steel, gray cast iron, titanium, molybdenum, magnesium, nickel, chromium, zinc, palladium, gold, silver, an appropriate alloy made of these kinds of raw materials, or the like. In the example, the covering support 6 is provided with a partial rib 11 on a side facing away from the cavity 4. In order to maintain a comparable cooling area, the distance between the cooling ribs i ^ is in the range of 5-8. The wall thickness 12 of the covering support 6 between the cooling ribs 10 can be a value in the range of 2 to 10 mm. In FIG. 3, the mold 20 is provided with a stirring device 21. The cavity wall 22 of the mold is bounded by a cavity 22 having a square cross section. According to electromagnetic stirring device in 6 steel or cold
(請先間讀背面之注恁亊項再蜞趑本頁) .裝丨 •訂- :線· 567101 A7 Γ ___________Β7 ___ 五、發明説明（7 ) 的運轉要求，可以找出被覆支座23與護套24的最適原料。 例如，可以透過對被覆支座23的導電性之一適當的預先規 疋，將由攪拌裝置21在空腔22内產生的電磁場增到最大值 。鋁或鋁合金的應用因該材料之電的傳導量相對較少.，所 以就這一個關聯性而言有其優點。 在浴面區域25或在鑄模上半部，係塗覆以一高導熱性 材料的被覆層，而在下方或鑄型空腔的下半部，則是塗覆 以比銅硬的材料，例如鎳的被覆層2 $。 為潤滑澆鑄鑄坯外殼，被覆層26與28内貯有潤滑劑（ 以點表不）。以鉬及/或鎢為基材之潤滑劑，特別是m〇S2 及/.或WS2，在形成被覆層時，可以藉例如火焰喷塗的方 式，塗覆到不同的被覆材料。其他在此項技藝中所習知， 可以貯入被覆層的潤滑劑均包含在本發明之技術思想中。 第1一3圖的實施例中僅示意直的鑄模。本發明並不限於此 等具有直的空腔之鑄模。本發明亦不限於具有鑄模管形式 的鎊型空腔壁之鎊模。盤狀鑄模之鎊型空腔壁也可以依據 本發明加以構成。鑄型空腔之幾何形狀亦可任亦地做選擇 特定的鋼鐵合金，尤其轉熔鋼材（peritektische suhle) I ，虽浴面25的區域内，在高導熱性被覆層26與被覆支座23 之間，塗以一由熱傳導性比銅少的材料，例如鎳，所形成 之介層29時，可以成為優點。 I 可以在將被覆層鍍到一選定的位置時，將檢測探針， 例如溫度檢測器，包埋於被覆層。要包埋的檢測探針可以 本紙張尺度適用中關家標準（CNS) A4規格（21GX297公楚)"'" -- -10 -(Please read the note on the back first, and then click on this page.) Assemble 丨 • Order-: Line · 567101 A7 Γ ___________ Β7 ___ V. Operation requirements of the invention description (7), you can find the covered support 23 and Optimum material for the sheath 24. For example, the electromagnetic field generated in the cavity 22 by the stirring device 21 can be increased to a maximum value through an appropriate pre-regulation of one of the electrical conductivity of the coating support 23. The application of aluminum or aluminum alloys has a relatively small amount of electrical conductivity, so it has advantages in terms of this correlation. In the bath area 25 or in the upper half of the mold, a coating of a highly thermally conductive material is applied, while in the lower or lower half of the mold cavity, it is coated with a material harder than copper, for example Nickel coating 2 $. In order to lubricate the cast slab shell, lubricants are stored in the coating layers 26 and 28 (not shown). Lubricants based on molybdenum and / or tungsten, especially mOS2 and / or WS2, can be applied to different coating materials by means of, for example, flame spraying. Other lubricants known in the art that can be stored in the coating are included in the technical idea of the present invention. The examples in FIGS. 1 to 3 show only straight molds. The present invention is not limited to such a mold having a straight cavity. The invention is also not limited to a pound mold having a pound cavity wall in the form of a mold tube. The pound-shaped cavity wall of the disc mold can also be constructed according to the present invention. The geometry of the mold cavity can also be used to choose specific steel alloys, especially peritektische suhle I. Although the area of the bath surface 25 is between the highly thermally conductive coating 26 and the coating support 23 At the same time, it may be advantageous to coat a dielectric layer 29 formed of a material having less thermal conductivity than copper, such as nickel. I When the coating is plated to a selected position, a detection probe, such as a temperature detector, can be embedded in the coating. The detection probe to be embedded can be applied to the standard of Zhongguanjia Standard (CNS) A4 (21GX297) on this paper scale. &Quot; '"--10-
..................0^..... (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再«寫本頁) ^…：· •訂— 567101 A7 _ ___· B7_ 五、發明説明（8 ) 在鍍上被覆層之前，以較大的精確度安裝在被覆支座之要 被塗覆的表面，或接近要被塗覆的表面處，然後在鍍上被 覆層時，以構成被覆層的料加以包裹。以此方式，即可將 檢測探針安裝在被覆層之内，而不用依賴在鍍上被覆層後 ，再鑽出終端於該被覆層，並且適於收容該檢測探針的孔 。已知檢測探針在孔内的定位，僅能相當不準確地受到控 制。此種不準確性形成以該檢測探針進行檢測時之不準確 度的一個肇因；而當該等檢測探針一如上所述一係在形成 、 被覆層時即被包埋在被覆層内，即可以避免不準破性之發 生。 鋁係一種相當不貴重的金屬。部分由鋁或一種鋁合金 所形成的材料因而容易在電解過程中經由與另一金屬結合 而被腐蝕。依據本發明之鑄模的被覆支座，其耐腐蝕性可 以藉習知的方式而獲致，例如，在曝露出來的位置上鑛上 合適的保護層。由鎳、銅或鎳一磷構成之一或多層可用作 為抗腐姓的保護層。·當使用其他材料時，也可以置入合適 的保護層以防止腐蝕。 第4圖說明依據第1圖之鑄模的鑄型空腔壁可以如何定 出尺寸。所舉之例係表示供高碳鋼之澆鑄用的鑄模應如何 方為合適。高碳鋼在這個範圍内被認為是極端的情況，因 為該鋼鐵種類於澆鑄時，會在鑄型空腔壁產生特別高的熱 /；，L铸型空腔壁所承受的熱負荷因而極端地高。第4圖針 對兩種不同的鑄型空腔壁，顯示以鑄型空腔壁中各自之溫 度進程T，作為從空腔到鑄模壁之隔著壁被引進冷卻水的 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填舄本頁) 奉 •、可· :線丨........ 0 ^ ..... (Please read the notes on the back before «write this page) ^…: · • Order — 567101 A7 _ ___ · B7_ V. Description of the invention (8) Before the coating is plated, install it on the surface to be coated of the coating support with a high degree of accuracy, or near the surface to be coated, and then coat the coating When the layer is covered, it is wrapped with the material constituting the coating layer. In this way, the detection probe can be installed in the coating, instead of relying on the coating, and then drilling a hole that terminates in the coating and is suitable for receiving the detection probe. It is known that the positioning of the detection probe in the well can only be controlled relatively inaccurately. This inaccuracy forms a cause of the inaccuracy when the detection probe is used for detection; and when the detection probes are formed and coated as described above, they are embedded in the coating. , You can avoid incursions. Aluminum is a relatively inexpensive metal. Materials formed in part from aluminum or an aluminum alloy are therefore easily corroded during electrolysis by bonding to another metal. The corrosion resistance of the coated support of the mold according to the present invention can be obtained in a conventional manner, for example, by applying a suitable protective layer on the exposed position. One or more layers made of nickel, copper or nickel-phosphorus can be used as a protective layer for anti-corrosion surnames. • When using other materials, a suitable protective layer can also be placed to prevent corrosion. Fig. 4 illustrates how the cavity wall of the mold according to the mold of Fig. 1 can be dimensioned. The examples given show how the molds used for the casting of high carbon steel are appropriate. High carbon steel is considered to be an extreme situation in this range, because this steel type will generate a particularly high heat in the cavity wall of the mold when casting; the heat load on the cavity wall of the L mold is therefore extreme Ground height. Figure 4 shows two different mold cavity walls, showing the temperature process T in the mold cavity wall as the cooling water is introduced from the cavity to the mold wall (please read the Note for refilling this page) Bong • 、 可 ·: line 丨
11 567101 A7 ______'__B7____ 五、發明説明（9 ) 一側之距離X的函數。 第4圖中的曲線（a)係關於一種以Aanticorodal WN 6082之品名為人所熟知的A1 Mg Sil合金製成之鑄型空腔 壁，其中，鑄型空腔側並未配備被覆層；而曲線（b)則是 有關一種由厚度為ds之以A1 Mg Sil製成的被覆支座，與 厚度為de之以銅製形成的鎮型空腔側被覆層所構成的鎮型 空腔壁。假定該等鑄型空腔壁各自在鑄型空腔側與溫度為 1530°C的熔鋼發生接觸。冷卻水的溫度被預設在30°c。曲 線（b)的情形中，被覆層的厚度設在dc = 3 mm。曲線（a)的 情形中之鑄型空腔壁厚度，和曲線的情形中之鑄型空 腔壁厚度’係各自選擇成會使鑄型空腔壁中的熱流密度各 為6xl〇5 W/m2，亦即高碳鋼典型數值。在曲線（3)及（1})的 情形中，一方面在熔鋼與鑄型空腔壁之間的傳熱，另一方 面在缚型空腔壁與冷卻水之間的傳熱，係各以同樣的傳熱 量為特徵作為傳熱量的代表性數值，說明鑄型空腔壁之空 腔側的表面上之傳熱者為as = 5 000 W/m2K，鑄型空腔壁 與冷卻水之間的傳熱則預計·為aw = 60 000 W/m2K。在該 條件下依照曲線（a)與（b) ’即使那兩種情形中鋒型空腔 壁厚度不同，在鑄型空腔側與和空腔隔著壁的表面上，依 然各有相同的溫度。依據第4圖，因為兩種情形中鑄型空 腔壁在0 ds的範圍，顯示相同的材料組成，而且在鑄型空 脸土中之熱流各有相同的數值，所以曲線（3)與（b)在 的範圍會有一致的曲線走向。在x>ds的範圍’曲線（1?)為 距離X的函數，具有比曲線⑷平坦的走向。曲線(b)偏離 ^紙張尺度朝中11國家標準（CMS) A4規格（21GX297公;^ '— f請先閲讀背面之注意事项再填寫本頁}11 567101 A7 ______'__ B7____ 5. Description of the invention (9) Function of distance X on one side. The curve (a) in FIG. 4 relates to a mold cavity wall made of the well-known A1 Mg Sil alloy under the name of Aanticorodal WN 6082, wherein the mold cavity side is not provided with a coating; and Curve (b) relates to a town-type cavity wall composed of a coating support made of A1 Mg Sil with a thickness of ds and a town-type cavity-side coating formed of copper with a thickness of de. It is assumed that the mold cavity walls are in contact with the molten steel at a temperature of 1530 ° C on the mold cavity side. The temperature of the cooling water is preset at 30 ° c. In the case of curve (b), the thickness of the coating is set at dc = 3 mm. The thickness of the mold cavity wall in the case of the curve (a) and the thickness of the mold cavity wall in the case of the curve are each selected so that the heat flux density in the mold cavity wall is 6 × 10 5 W / m2, which is the typical value of high carbon steel. In the cases of curves (3) and (1}), the heat transfer between the molten steel and the cavity wall of the mold on the one hand, and the heat transfer between the cavity wall and the cooling water on the other hand, Each is characterized by the same heat transfer as a representative value of heat transfer, indicating that the heat transfer on the surface of the cavity side of the mold cavity wall is as = 5 000 W / m2K, and the mold cavity wall and cooling water The heat transfer between them is expected to be aw = 60 000 W / m2K. Under these conditions, according to the curves (a) and (b) 'Even if the thickness of the front cavity wall is different in those two cases, the mold cavity side and the surface facing away from the cavity still have the same temperature. . According to Figure 4, because the cavity wall of the mold in the two cases shows the same material composition in the range of 0 ds, and the heat flow in the mold cavity soil has the same value, the curve (3) and ( b) There will be a consistent curve in the range. In the range of x > ds, the curve (1?) Is a function of the distance X and has a flatter course than the curve ⑷. The curve (b) deviates ^ The paper size is toward the 11th National Standard (CMS) A4 specification (21GX297); ^ '— f Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page}
12 567101 五、發明説明（ίο) 曲線⑷係，依照曲線（b)，鑄型空腔壁在x>ds的範圍，亦 即，在被覆層内，比被覆支座的材料，亦即A1 Mg川顯 示出一較大的熱導性之事實所造成的結果。 以A1 Mg Sil製成之鑄型空腔壁係歸於第4圖的曲線⑷ 中，其於指定的條件下，在鑄型空腔側的表面具有一大約 330°C之溫度。此溫度明顯高於鑄型空腔壁的材料之軟化 溫度，其約為200。(：。當溫度高於3〇(rc時，材料的機械強 度已經降到比相當於室溫時的數值之1〇%還少。依據曲線 (a)的溫度圖，鑄型空腔壁的容積中已經有5〇%以上，溫度 高於鑄型空腔壁之軟化溫度。在該等條件下，鑄型空腔壁 處於臨界狀態，鑄型空腔壁極易受到磨耗，其結果，鑄型 空腔壁的保溫時間短到無法被接受。 歸於第4圖之曲線（b)的鑄型空腔壁具有一即本發明之 結果一一結構，其容許較高的熱負荷，而且和第4圖的曲 線（a)之鑄型空腔壁相較，在澆鑄作業中容許等候較長的 保溫時間。㈣層的材料—本實施例為銅—依據本發明具 有比被覆支座的材料高之熱拉強度，並且保障鑄型空腔壁 與熔鋼交界的表面，具有所需的機械安定性。此外，被覆 層使得被覆支座的材料所能接受之最高溫度，比鎊型空腔 壁與熔鋼交界的表面之溫度低。藉適當選擇被覆層之厚度 屯，在被覆支座内，溫度可以下降至確保被覆支座具有適 當的鑄型安定性之程度。由於所選擇的實施例中，A1 Si 1在至溫下顯示比銅為高的機械強度，故可預期第*圖中 之鑄型空腔壁所顯示出的機械安定性，至少相當於完全用 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210X297公釐） 567101 A7 _B7_ 五、發明説明（11) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再蜞寫本頁) 銅製成之鑄型空腔壁的安定性’在第4圖之曲線（b)的鑄型 空腔壁中，被覆支座的容積比例中有50%以上，其溫度低 於被覆支座的原料之軟化溫度。 被覆支座6，23，及由一種或不同種類的原料製成之 被覆層26，28，係由例如鋼、鎊鋼、灰口鑄鐵、欽、I目、 鎮、錄、鉻、鋅、纪、金、銀，或由該等原料之一或數種 製成之合適的合金所構成。此外，被覆層可含有陶瓷材料 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（210X297公釐） 14 567101 A7 _B7_ 五、發明説明（Π) 元件標號對照 3 鑄模 20 鑄模 4 空腔 ΤΓ 空腔壁 4， 空腔壁 23 被覆支座 5 冷卻裝置 24 護套 6 被覆支座 25 浴面區域 7 被覆層 26 被覆層 10 鑄模隔絕蓋 28 被覆層 10, 鑄模隔絕蓋 29 介層 11 冷卻肋條 30 出口 12 壁厚 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填踣本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（210X297公釐） 1512 567101 V. Description of the invention (ίο) Curve system, according to curve (b), the cavity wall of the mold is in the range of x > ds, that is, in the coating layer, the material of the coating support is A1 Mg Chuan showed the result of the fact that a larger thermal conductivity. The wall of the mold cavity made of A1 Mg Sil is attributed to the curve ⑷ in Fig. 4, which has a temperature of about 330 ° C on the surface of the mold cavity side under the specified conditions. This temperature is significantly higher than the softening temperature of the material of the mold cavity wall, which is about 200. (:. When the temperature is higher than 30 (rc), the mechanical strength of the material has decreased to less than 10% of the value at room temperature. According to the temperature diagram of curve (a), the The volume is more than 50%, and the temperature is higher than the softening temperature of the cavity wall of the mold. Under these conditions, the cavity wall of the mold is in a critical state, and the cavity wall of the mold is extremely vulnerable to abrasion. As a result, the The holding time of the cavity wall is too short to be acceptable. The cavity wall of the mold attributed to the curve (b) in FIG. 4 has a structure that is the result of the present invention, which allows higher heat loads, and Compared with the wall of the mold cavity in the curve (a) of Fig. 4, it is allowed to wait for a long time for holding in the casting operation. The material of the base layer—copper in this embodiment—has higher than the material of the covering support according to the present invention. The hot tensile strength, and to ensure that the surface of the mold cavity wall and molten steel interface has the required mechanical stability. In addition, the coating layer makes the highest temperature acceptable for the material of the coating support, than the pound cavity wall The temperature at the interface with the molten steel is low. By properly selecting the thickness of the coating In the coating support, the temperature can be reduced to the extent that the coating support has proper mold stability. Since the selected embodiment, A1 Si 1 shows higher mechanical strength than copper at temperatures, Therefore, it can be expected that the mechanical stability shown in the cavity wall of the mold shown in the figure * is at least equivalent to the full use of this paper. The Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) is applicable. 567101 A7 _B7_ V. Description of the invention (11) (Please read the precautions on the back before writing this page) The stability of the cavity wall of the mold made of copper 'is shown in the mold cavity wall of the curve (b) in Figure 4, covering the support. The volume ratio is more than 50%, and its temperature is lower than the softening temperature of the raw material of the coating support. The coating supports 6, 23, and the coating layers 26, 28 made of one or different kinds of raw materials are made of, for example, steel, Pound steel, gray cast iron, Chin, I mesh, town, Lu, chromium, zinc, silver, gold, silver, or a suitable alloy made of one or more of these materials. In addition, the coating may be Contains ceramic materials This paper is sized to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Grid (210X297 mm) 14 567101 A7 _B7_ V. Description of the invention (Π) Component reference 3 Mold 20 Mold 4 Cavity TΓ Cavity wall 4, Cavity wall 23 Covered support 5 Cooling device 24 Sheath 6 Covered support 25 Bath surface area 7 Coating layer 26 Coating layer 10 Mold insulation cover 28 Coating layer 10, Mold insulation cover 29 Intermediate layer 11 Cooling ribs 30 Exit 12 Wall thickness (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Paper dimensions Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297mm) 15