4 4 554264 ί久、發明說明 (發明說明應敍明：發明所屬；^支聯頁域、先前技術、內容、實施方式及單說明） (一） 發明所屬之技術領域 本發明係關於錶殼之可轉動之錶面框特別是可轉動式錶 面框，其具有阻擋機構以防止錶面框在兩個旋轉方向中之 一旋轉。 許多的錶和錶殼具有可轉動之錶面框來顯示和控制錶的 不同功能。經常使用的可轉動之錶面框在於指示：剩餘之 下潛時間。在此情形下，將錶面框裝配以一個刻度標度（其 相當於經由錶的分針所進行之分鐘數）：有時在錶面框上 使用著色扇形體，舉例而言，當針指向紅色區域的方向時， 容許潛水員極速發覺是向上回游的時刻。 時常提供止動設備以防止錶面框在兩旋轉方向之一，通 常是順時針方向轉動。然而，該錶面框可以其他方向依樞 軸旋轉。然其可能在下潛活動期間發生，在此下潛期間， 潛水員甚至不注意它時該錶面框偶然轉動。即使所許可之 旋轉經常以減少所顯示之下潛時間的方向而發生，所產生 之不安全意指：潛水員不能完全依賴錶面框之位置。在極 端情況下，連續的不自覺震動或接觸可造成錶面框轉動超 過1 80°，因此致使該錶面回到一個位置其指示之剩餘下潛 時間大於實際剩餘下潛時間。 (二） 先前技術 CH503 306號中記述一種錶殼包括具有阻擋機構用以防 止其旋轉之錶面框。爲了達到這種目的，將錶面安裝在三 -6- 554264 個活塞上，且經由推動該錶面框向上（向著錶玻璃）之彈 簧所作動。錶殼上之徑向細齒防止錶面框在此方向的任何 轉動。爲了轉動該錶面框，必須將其按壓反抗彈簧力，自 細齒放釋而容許其轉動。 雖然此種錶面框較傳統式錶面框提供較大之安全性，但 是尙不完全令人滿意。事實上，經由按壓錶面框的任何部 份上及經由同時施加一切力相當容易使它轉動。特別地， 當錶殼對著一表面摩擦時，例如對著一岩石或對著潛水員 之衣服摩擦時，可改變錶面框之角向位置。 (三）發明內容 本發明的一個目的在建議一種可轉動之錶面框的系統其 較先前技藝系統提供較大之安全性。 此目的由於可轉動之錶面框包括有阻擋機構而明顯地可 達成，舉例而言，此阻擋機構包括一棘輪機構系統，用以 防止錶面框在兩轉動方向的至少一個方向而轉動。根據本 發明，該阻擋機構僅可經由錶面框使用人的自發作用而釋 放，即經由按壓錶面框的所預定之角向扇形體上。 本發明的較佳具體實施例中，該錶面框包括至少一個第 一角向扇形體和至少一個第二角向扇形體，而該阻擋機構 僅可經由按壓第一角向扇形體予以釋放而非按壓第二角向 扇形體。 因此，爲了使錶面框一樞軸旋轉，必須首先按壓錶面框 明確指定的部份。錶面框的另外部份上之所有作用都無 效。因此，大爲減少不自覺地改變錶面框的角向位置之危 554264 險。 爲了更進步減少此項危險，本發明的較佳具體實施例 中，該錶面框包括交變之變數第一角向扇形體及變數第二 角向扇形體。因此，錶面框的角向位置僅經由同時按壓預 定之最少數目的第一扇形體而改變，舉例而言，經由同時 按壓至少兩個不同的第一扇形體。 本發明亦係關於錶殼之可轉動之錶面框，其包括第一阻 擋機構用以阻擋錶面框在至少第一轉動方向轉動，其中該 阻擋機構可經由同時作用在轉動之錶面框的至少兩個不同 點上，使該第一阻擋機構釋放以便容許錶面框在第一轉動 方向轉動。 本發明的較佳具體實施例中，第二角向扇形體（施加壓 力至其上無效果）係相對於第一角向扇形體而突出。因此 更進一步減少當錶受到震動或對著一外部物體而摩擦時， 錶面框非故意被釋放之危險。 (四）實施方式 本發明的錶殼包括以簡單方式所表示之外殼23及由兩 個元件20，2 1所構成之錶面框2。第一元件2 1包括一組六 個第一角向扇形體2 1 1，由間隙2 1 0予以相互分隔。如自下 列更進一步可見。可將逆時針方向（第一轉動方向）之第 一錶面框阻擋機構經由同時壓下至少兩個扇形體2 1 1予以 釋放。 第一元件21的下面包括一個鋸齒棘輪機構212。此鎖緊 機構意欲連同環22上之一組彈性停止器220 (第三停止器 554264 或棘輪機構）而操作來防止錶面框僅以順時針方向轉動。 該錶面框2的第二元件20包括環201上之六個第二角 向扇形體200。第二角向扇形體200的形狀和佈置相當於 第一元件2 1的各間隙2 1 0以使第二元件20實際上可無空 隙囈合在第一元件2 1上而構成環繞錶殼的錶玻璃1之錶 面框2而無間斷。然而，第二扇形體200較第一扇形體211 高得多，因此，所組合之錶面框2包括交變之六個第一扇 形體211和六個較短且突出之第二扇形體200。 第二扇形體200另外包括向外徑向導引之齒203，（第 2圖中更特別可見）並構成連同徑向齒狀物22 1 (第一停 止器）而操作之第二停止器（下文中更進一步敘述）以防 止錶面框2以順時針方向轉動。在所舉例說明之實例中， 每一扇形體200包括齒203。在更爲實用較佳之具體實施 例中，將齒203的數目限制爲三而某些扇形體200沒有齒。 舉例而言，可提供一個齒203交變在每一第二扇形體200 上。 該錶面框另外包括金屬或合成材料的環22其促成第一 和第二轉動方向之阻擋機構。該環22具有經囑合入外殻23 中開口 （圖中未示）中之足部222，以便防止環22相對於 外殻23而轉動。將該環釋放以使在外殼23將錶面框2間 垂直移動數毫米；外殼與環2 2間之一個或數個彈簧（圖 中未示）容許將後者壓向錶面框2呈靜止位置。在所舉例 說明之實例中，垂直彈性力係由彈性倚靠在外殻23上之 環22的部份22 3所施加。 554264 該第一元件21的下面包括有一齒狀的鎖體。此鎖體係 組成一第四停止器212而且也是要與在該環22(如下所述） 上的一組彈性停止器220(第三停止器或抓取）一起工作， 以防止此錶面框之順時針方向之轉動。 因此該環22達到三種獨特功能： 1. 當使環22以向上位置上升時，第一停止器221用以 防止錶面框2的任何轉動之功能； 2. 第二停止器220(棘輪機構）連同錶面框之齒212操 作以防止錶面框以順時針方向轉動的功能，甚至當使用人 按壓錶面框之各部份而使它變成解除阻擋狀態亦是如此。 錶面框以逆時針方向轉動係屬可能。 3·用以上昇環22及在第一元件21在外殼上之上升位置 的彈簧之功能。 本發明的較實用之具體實施例中，此等三種功能係使用 單片22的合成或可能是金屬的材料予以實現。本發明的 其他變體具體實施例中，可能較佳使用二片或甚至三片各 別片體來實現此等三功能。舉例而言，爲了限制齒狀物22 1 的磨損，可能使用一金屬片件而實現它。然後可將一個合 成材料環220可在此齒狀物上以鑄模製成而實現前述之其 他兩種功能。再者，如先前所述，使環22和錶面框上升 之彈性力亦可經由一或數個各別之彈簧予以施加，舉例而 言，一個金屬之波狀條片彈簧。棘輪機構功能（齒220 ) 亦可經由與作爲第一停止器及/或作爲彈簧使用的不同之 -10- 554264 金屬及/或合成材料片件予以實現。 在環22與外殻23間之間隙以及兩元件20，21間之間 隙選定充分緊以便第一元件2 1僅可沿著一完全垂直之軸 線移動。經由按壓單一第一角向扇形體2 1 1，第一元件2 1 的平面趨向於傾斜，此現象阻擋它被位移。爲了使第一元 件2 1位移，因此必須同時按壓至少兩個各別的第一扇形 體2 1 1。此特性提供一個附加之可靠性’因爲因此不可能 經由作用在單一第一角向扇形體2 1 1而將錶面框釋放。 將錶面框2以習知方式藉滑動入第二元件20的內部溝 槽204中及滑動外殻23的外部溝槽230中之環狀多重條 片彈簧（圖中未示）而緊繫至外殼23。在所述之實例中， 該環狀多重條片彈簧是兩重，彈簧的一個角被嚼合入每一 第二扇形體200中。因此，該環狀多重條片彈簧支持第二 元件20在外殻23上。第一錶面框元件21和環22係被支 持夾置在第二元件20與外殻23間。 爲了防止該環狀多重條片彈簧相對於錶面框2轉動，宜 提供設備用以連接此彈簧相對於錶面框的角向位置。在較 佳具體實施例中，該環狀多重條片彈簧是開敞，因此佔據 小於360。之一個角向扇形體。然後，將環狀多重條片彈簧 的兩極端之至少一者，向外摺疊以便連同扇形體2 0 0的兩 個側面而操作，因此防止彈簧相對於第二元件20而轉動。 不用說，當操作錶面框2時，該環狀多重條片彈簧可環繞 外殼2 3樞轉。 本發明的所舉例說明之具體實施例包括交變之六個第一 -11- 554264 扇形體211及六個第二扇形體200。然而，其他佈置需具 有不同數目的第一及/或第二扇形體亦屬可能。第一扇形 ϋ的數目可能與第二扇形體的數目不同。可選擇不同扇形 體的標誌和顏色以便關於爲了操作錶面框所需要之控制， 此爲毋庸懷疑者。再者，在所述之較佳具體實施例中，用 以阻礙逆時針方向移動之第一機構及用以阻礙順時針方向 轉動之第二機構係使用一個共同環22其包括第一停止器 221及第三停止器220。然而，亦可能放置此等停止器在 不同的元件上。 另外應了解者，可將本發明應用至具有除去下潛時間以 外之指示的旋轉錶面框上，舉例而言，對於第二時區之指 示等。 (五）圖面簡單說明 本發明將借助經由所附隨圖式所舉例說明之本發明具體 實施例的一實例敘述可更佳了解。 第1圖顯示自具有根據本發明之錶面框之錶殼上方的透 視圖。 第2圖顯示自具有根據本發明之錶面框之錶殼下方的透 視圖。 主要元件之對照表 23 外殻 2 錶面框 2〇 ’ 21 元件 211 第一角向扇形體 -12- 間隙 鋸齒棘輪機構 彈性停止器 201 環 第二角向扇形體 錶玻璃 齒 齒狀物 足部 部份 單片 合成之環 內部溝槽 外部溝槽 第三停止器 第一停止器 -13-4 4 554264 The description of the invention (the description of the invention should state: the invention belongs; ^ support page domain, prior technology, content, implementation and single description) (1) the technical field to which the invention belongs The present invention relates to the case The rotatable surface frame is particularly a rotatable surface frame, which has a blocking mechanism to prevent the surface frame from rotating in one of two rotation directions. Many watches and cases have rotating bezels to display and control the different functions of the watch. The rotatable surface frame often used is to indicate the remaining dive time. In this case, assemble the surface frame with a graduated scale (which is equivalent to the number of minutes performed by the minute hand of the table): Sometimes a colored sector is used on the surface frame, for example, when the needle points to the red area In the direction, the diver is allowed to detect at an instant that it is time to swim up. A stop device is often provided to prevent the surface frame from rotating in one of two directions of rotation, usually clockwise. However, the surface frame can be pivoted in other directions. However, it may happen during a dive, during which the surface frame accidentally rotates when the diver does not even notice it. Even though the permitted rotation often occurs in a direction that reduces the displayed dive time, the resulting insecurity means that the diver cannot rely solely on the position of the surface frame. In extreme cases, continuous unconscious vibration or contact can cause the surface frame to rotate more than 180 °, thus causing the surface to return to a position where the indicated remaining dive time is greater than the actual remaining dive time. (B) Prior Art No. CH503 306 describes a case including a surface frame having a blocking mechanism to prevent its rotation. To achieve this, the surface is mounted on three -6-554,264 pistons and is moved by a spring that pushes the surface frame upward (toward the glass). The fine radial teeth on the case prevent any rotation of the bezel in this direction. In order to rotate the surface frame, it must be pressed against the spring force, released from the fine teeth and allowed to rotate. Although this surface frame provides greater security than traditional surface frames, it is not entirely satisfactory. In fact, it is quite easy to turn it by pressing any part of the surface frame and by applying all forces simultaneously. In particular, when the watch case is rubbed against a surface, such as a rock or a diver's clothes, the angular position of the surface frame can be changed. (3) Summary of the Invention An object of the present invention is to propose a system with a rotatable surface frame, which provides greater security than prior art systems. This objective is clearly achieved because the rotatable surface frame includes a blocking mechanism. For example, the blocking mechanism includes a ratchet mechanism system to prevent the surface frame from rotating in at least one of the two rotation directions. According to the present invention, the blocking mechanism can be released only by the spontaneous action of the surface frame user, that is, by pressing a predetermined angle of the surface frame onto the sector. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface frame includes at least one first angular sector and at least one second angular sector, and the blocking mechanism can only be released to the sector by pressing the first corner instead of Press the second corner toward the sector. Therefore, in order for the surface frame to pivot, it is necessary to first press the clearly designated portion of the surface frame. All effects on other parts of the surface frame are invalid. Therefore, the risk of unintentionally changing the angular position of the surface frame is greatly reduced. In order to further reduce this danger, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface frame includes a variable first angular sector and a variable second angular sector. Therefore, the angular position of the surface frame is changed only by simultaneously pressing a predetermined minimum number of first sectors, for example, by simultaneously pressing at least two different first sectors. The present invention also relates to a rotatable surface frame of a watch case, which includes a first blocking mechanism for blocking the surface frame from rotating in at least a first rotation direction, wherein the blocking mechanism can act on at least two of the rotating surface frame at the same time. At different points, the first blocking mechanism is released to allow the surface frame to rotate in the first rotation direction. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second angular sector (which has no effect when pressure is applied thereto) projects relative to the first angular sector. This further reduces the risk of the surface frame being unintentionally released when the watch is shaken or rubbed against an external object. (IV) Embodiment The watch case of the present invention includes a case 23 shown in a simple manner and a surface frame 2 composed of two elements 20, 21. The first element 21 includes a set of six first angular sectors 2 1 1 separated from each other by a gap 2 10. As can be seen further from the following column. The first surface frame blocking mechanism in the counterclockwise direction (first rotation direction) can be released by simultaneously pressing down at least two sectors 2 1 1. The first element 21 includes a sawtooth ratchet mechanism 212 underneath. This locking mechanism is intended to operate in conjunction with a set of elastic stops 220 (third stop 554264 or ratchet mechanism) on the ring 22 to prevent the surface frame from turning only clockwise. The second element 20 of the surface frame 2 includes six second angular sectors 200 on a ring 201. The shape and arrangement of the second angular sector 200 are equivalent to the gaps 2 1 0 of the first element 21 so that the second element 20 can virtually fit on the first element 21 without a gap to form a surrounding watch case. Surface frame 2 of watch glass 1 without interruption. However, the second sector 200 is much taller than the first sector 211. Therefore, the combined surface frame 2 includes six first sectors 211 and six shorter and protruding second sectors 200 that are alternating. The second sector 200 further includes teeth 203 guided radially outward (more particularly visible in FIG. 2) and constitutes a second stopper that operates in conjunction with the radial teeth 22 1 (the first stopper) ( It is described further below) to prevent the surface frame 2 from rotating in a clockwise direction. In the illustrated example, each sector 200 includes a tooth 203. In a more practical and preferred embodiment, the number of teeth 203 is limited to three and some sectors 200 have no teeth. For example, one tooth 203 may be provided on each second sector 200. The surface frame further comprises a ring 22 of metal or synthetic material which facilitates a blocking mechanism in the first and second directions of rotation. The ring 22 has a foot portion 222 that is incorporated into an opening (not shown) in the casing 23 by order to prevent the ring 22 from rotating relative to the casing 23. The ring is released to move the surface frame 2 vertically several millimeters between the casing 23; one or more springs (not shown) between the casing and the ring 22 allow the latter to be pressed against the surface frame 2 in a rest position. In the illustrated example, the vertical elastic force is exerted by the portion 22 3 of the ring 22 elastically resting on the housing 23. 554264 A tooth-shaped lock body is included under the first element 21. This lock system constitutes a fourth stopper 212 and also works with a set of elastic stoppers 220 (third stoppers or grabs) on the ring 22 (described below) to prevent the surface from being framed. Turn in the clockwise direction. Therefore, the ring 22 achieves three unique functions: 1. The function of the first stopper 221 to prevent any rotation of the surface frame 2 when the ring 22 is raised in the upward position; 2. The second stopper 220 (ratchet mechanism) together with The function of the teeth 212 of the surface frame is operated to prevent the surface frame from turning clockwise, even when the user presses each part of the surface frame to make it into an unblocked state. It is possible to rotate the surface frame counterclockwise. 3. The function of the spring 22 and the spring in the raised position of the first element 21 on the housing. In a more practical embodiment of the present invention, these three functions are implemented using a single piece of 22 or a material that may be metal. In other variant embodiments of the present invention, it may be preferable to use two or even three separate pieces to achieve these three functions. For example, in order to limit the wear of the teeth 22 1, it may be achieved using a sheet metal piece. A ring of synthetic material 220 can then be molded on this tooth to perform the other two functions described above. Furthermore, as mentioned earlier, the elastic force that raises the ring 22 and the surface frame can also be applied via one or several separate springs, for example, a metal wave strip spring. The function of the ratchet mechanism (tooth 220) can also be realized by a piece of metal and / or synthetic material different from that used as the first stopper and / or as a spring. The gap between the ring 22 and the housing 23 and the gap between the two elements 20, 21 are selected to be sufficiently tight so that the first element 21 can only move along a completely vertical axis. By pressing a single first angle toward the sector 2 1 1, the plane of the first element 2 1 tends to tilt, which prevents it from being displaced. In order to displace the first element 21, it is necessary to simultaneously press at least two respective first sectors 2 1 1. This characteristic provides an additional reliability 'because it is therefore impossible to release the surface frame by acting on a single first angle to the sector 2 1 1. The surface frame 2 is fastened to the housing in a conventional manner by a ring-shaped multiple leaf spring (not shown) sliding into the internal groove 204 of the second element 20 and the external groove 230 of the sliding housing 23. twenty three. In the illustrated example, the ring-shaped multi-slice spring is doubled, and one corner of the spring is chewed into each of the second sectors 200. Therefore, the ring-shaped multiple leaf spring supports the second member 20 on the case 23. The first surface frame member 21 and the ring 22 are supported and sandwiched between the second member 20 and the case 23. In order to prevent the ring-shaped multi-strip spring from rotating relative to the surface frame 2, a device should be provided to connect the angular position of the spring relative to the surface frame. In a preferred embodiment, the annular multi-strip spring is open and therefore occupies less than 360. One of the angular sectors. Then, at least one of the two extreme ends of the ring-shaped multi-slice leaf spring is folded outward to operate together with both sides of the sector 200, thereby preventing the spring from rotating relative to the second member 20. Needless to say, when the surface frame 2 is operated, the ring-shaped multi-strip spring can be pivoted around the housing 2 3. The illustrated specific embodiment of the present invention includes six first -11-554264 sectors 211 and six second sectors 200 alternating. However, other arrangements requiring different numbers of first and / or second sectors are also possible. The number of the first sector may be different from the number of the second sector. The logos and colors of the different sectors can be selected for the control needed to operate the surface frame, which is beyond doubt. Furthermore, in the described preferred embodiment, the first mechanism for blocking the counterclockwise movement and the second mechanism for blocking the clockwise rotation use a common ring 22 which includes a first stopper 221 And the third stopper 220. However, it is also possible to place these stoppers on different components. It should also be understood that the present invention may be applied to a rotating surface frame having an indication other than a dive time, for example, an indication for a second time zone, and the like. (V) Brief Description of the Drawings The present invention will be better understood with the help of an example description of a specific embodiment of the present invention illustrated by the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 shows a perspective view from above a watch case having a surface bezel according to the present invention. Fig. 2 shows a perspective view from below a watch case having a surface bezel according to the present invention. Comparison table of main components 23 Enclosure 2 Surface frame 20 ′ 21 Element 211 First angular sector-12- Clearance ratchet mechanism elastic stop 201 Ring second angular sector Surface glass teeth teeth feet One-piece synthetic ring Internal groove External groove Third stopper First stopper-13-