504558 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（/ ) 發明之詳細說明 [技術領域] . 本發明係屬於照明之技術領域者，特別是關於面光源裝 置及用於其之稜鏡片。 [技.術背景] 先前，使用於構成筆記本型個人電腦（personal computer)之顯示畫面的液晶顯示裝置（液晶 display), 爲了使顯示明亮容易看，利用了背面照明。作爲被用於該 背面照明之光源，係以遍及顯示畫面全體盡量均勻地照射 照明光，而且爲了使含照明源的顯示裝置之全體構成盡量 地薄型化，沿板狀導光體之端面配置線狀光源使從該導光 體之一主面（表面）射出照明光，利用所謂邊緣照明型之面 光源裝置。如此的邊緣照明型之面光源裝置，例如記載於 實開平3-69184號公報或特公平7 - 27 1 3 6號公報或特公 平7 - 2 7 1 3 7號公報等。 於如以上的面光源裝置，自線狀光源發出入射於導光體 內的光線，係接收與表面及該表面大致平行地或傾斜形成 的背面之反覆反射，使導光體內往與入射端面相對的端面 方傳達。並於此傳達中途，由形成在導光體的光射出機構， 從導光體之光射出面射出一部份之光線。此射出光與不 同的觀察方向方向具有定向。因此，爲了對必要的方向來 變更定向以射出光線，採用有稜鏡片等。此棱鏡片係如實 開平3 - 6 9 1 8 4號公報所揭示，多爲將稜鏡面朝向與導光體 相反之側來配置，又，棱鏡片，係可以棱鏡稜線之方向互相 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -----------------„----訂---------^ (請先閱讀背面之注音？事項再填寫本頁) 504558 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（> ) 相交的配置重疊來使用。再者，如特公平7 - 2 7 1 3 6號公報 或公平7 - 27 1 3 7號公報所揭示，亦提案有將稜鏡面朝向導 光體側配置者。 可是近年來，對筆.記本型個人電腦的顯示畫面的大型化 要求，爲滿足及此要求，作爲面光源裝置並要求大面積 者。如此以大面積化時，亦遍及全面盡量要求均勻、產生 高強度的照明光。特別是，在筆記本型個人電腦或液晶監 控器，因自約30〜40 cm左右之近距離作觀察者，在晝面之 中央部與周邊部，朝向觀察者眼睛的光線與畫面法線所成 角度有相當地不同，並引因於此發生視認性的不均勻。 於特開平7 - 3 1 8 7 2 9號公報，記載有在導光體之光射出 面上與棱鏡列直交的剖面，對各稜鏡列長邊之片面的角度 愈從視點正下面位置離開愈變大的線性菲湟爾透鏡片，配 置透鏡面成射出面，使射出光聚光於視點方向的面光源裝 置。 在如此的面光源裝置，雖然可使射出光聚光於視點方向， 但以透鏡面成爲射出面配置透鏡片，而由稜鏡長方邊之折 射作用來聚光射出光，所以光線之利用效率低不能獲得亮 度充分高的面光源裝置者。又，由稜鏡長邊之折射作用聚 光射出光，故需要自導光體之射出光採用擴散片等從片面 法線偏轉0〜3 0度左右之方向。如此，從高定向性的導光 體之射出光因不能直接聚光於視點方向，故更加招致亮度 之低下。再者，因僅由棱鏡長邊的折射作用來聚光射出光 者，在導光體之一方端具備線狀光源時，在另一端端面作 -4- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） —-------------------訂---------線 • b (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 504558 A7 B7 五、發明說明（々） 向 方 定 規 於 光 聚 匕匕 會 不 線 光時 的源 回光 返狀 射線 反備 具聚 端能 兩不 之線 餅光 光的 導來 又到 —源 光 的 側 之 邊 長 鏡 稜 從504558 Printed by A7 B7, Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of Invention (/) Detailed Description of Invention [Technical Field]. This invention belongs to the technical field of lighting, especially the surface light source device and its use. Sepals. [Technical background] Conventionally, a liquid crystal display device (liquid crystal display) used to constitute a display screen of a notebook personal computer has been used for the purpose of making the display bright and easy to see. As a light source used for the back lighting, the illumination light is irradiated as uniformly as possible throughout the entire display screen, and in order to make the entire structure of the display device including the illumination source as thin as possible, a line is arranged along the end face of the plate-shaped light guide. The light source emits illumination light from one main surface (surface) of the light guide, and a so-called edge-illumination type surface light source device is used. Such an edge-illumination type surface light source device is described in, for example, Shikaihei 3-69184 or Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-27 27 36 or Japanese Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-2 7 1 37. In the above-mentioned surface light source device, the light emitted from the linear light source into the light guide body receives repeated reflections from the surface and the back surface formed substantially parallel or inclined to make the light guide body face the incident end face. The end face communicates. During the transmission, a part of the light is emitted from the light emitting surface of the light guide by the light emitting mechanism formed on the light guide. This emitted light has directions with different viewing directions. Therefore, in order to change the necessary direction to emit light, a cymbal or the like is used. This prism sheet is disclosed in Kaikai No. 3-6 9 1 8 4 as it is disclosed. Most of the prism sheets are arranged to face the opposite side to the light guide. The prism sheet can be used in the direction of the prism edge line to each other. China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ----------------- „---- Order --------- ^ (Please Read the phonetic on the back? Matters before filling out this page) 504558 Printed by A7 B7, Consumer Cooperatives, Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (>) Intersecting configurations are overlapped and used. Furthermore, such as special fair 7-2 7 1 3 6 or Fair 7-27 1 3 7 also proposes to arrange the face to the light guide side. However, in recent years, the size of the display screen of pen and notebook personal computers has increased. In order to meet this requirement, as a surface light source device, a large area is required. In such a large area, it is required to achieve uniform and high-intensity illumination light as much as possible throughout the entire area. Especially, in notebook personal computers or LCD monitors Device, as a close observer from about 30 to 40 cm, and the central part of the day surface and On the side, the angle of the light directed to the observer's eyes and the normal of the screen are quite different, and this results in non-uniformity in visibility. JP 7- 3 1 8 7 2 9 describes in The cross section of the light exit surface of the light guide orthogonal to the prism row, the angle of the long side of each ridge line becomes larger from the position directly below the viewpoint, and the linear Fresnel lens sheet becomes larger, and the lens surface is arranged as the exit surface. A surface light source device for condensing emitted light in the direction of the viewpoint. Although such a surface light source device can condense outgoing light in the direction of the viewpoint, a lens sheet is arranged with the lens surface as the emitting surface, and the rectangular side The refractive effect is used to condense and emit light, so the utilization efficiency of light is low and a surface light source device with sufficient brightness cannot be obtained. In addition, the refracting effect of the long side of the light condenses and emits light, so it is necessary to emit light from a light guide. A diffuser or the like is used to deflect a direction of about 0 to 30 degrees from the normal of the sheet surface. In this way, the light emitted from the highly directional light guide cannot be focused directly in the direction of the viewpoint, which causes a lower brightness. Furthermore, because Those who collect light and emit light by the refraction of the long side of the prism. When a linear light source is provided on one end of the light guide, the other end face is made -4- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) —------------------- Order --------- line • b (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) 504558 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (々) Xiang Fang defines the source of the light when the light gathers the dagger. When the light returns, the retro-reflective ray has the poly end energy. The side of the light has long mirror edges from
者 率 效 用 利 之 線 光 低 降 亦 匕 因 向1 方示 二 Η明 Μ發 ^I—I 邊 以之 所明 照 發 本 照面 緣大 用性 面認 畫視 的的 察句 觀均 來不 離生 距發 近不 接以 比置 於裝 一Irn 一一 種源 一光 供面 提型 係明 發 本 地依 易即 容亦 可 置 裝 源 光 面 的 化 積 之 置 裝 源 光 者 的 目： 爲備 具 面 主體 之光 方導 一狀 以板 的 光 作 導 該 沿 面源 射光 入的 光置 作配 端所 個伸 一 延 以面 少射 至入 且 光 面之 出體 寸光 (請先閱讀背面之注音？事項再填寫本頁) 配 及片 以鏡 稜 換 轉 向 方 進 行 光 的 上 面 出 射 光 之 體 光 導 該 在 置 爲 徵 特 其 面體光 面光從 出導備 射該具 光與體 之致光 體大導 光I該 導排列 該行鏡 與平稜 成.以之 置相數 配互複 係面的 面射伸 射入延 入1行 之^平 鏡Ια 片 面 稜ί 鏡S务 該r光 對之 射 光 的 出 射 面 光 射 光 該. 自 線 光 的 射 入 所 面 射 入 光， 過構 經機 源出 ------..—訂---------線一 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 稜裝 該焦 從聚 線光 光的 的用 片作 鏡線 棱光 換該 轉對 向有 方具 進， 行出 光射 及地 體態 光狀 導焦 該聚 過以 經片。 鏡置 置 裝 源 光 :面 明的 發述 本上 依如 ，用 又採 在特 hF 地 行 平 相 互 以 面 之 方 爲 徵 鏡 稜 其S ，交 片直 鏡向 稜方 的伸 列延 鏡之 稜列 之鏡 數稜 複各 列與 之 列向 鏡方 稜列 該排 ，列 角 頂 鏡 稜 該 對 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 504558 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（+ ) 列之片法線方向的傾斜角/3之變化率r，均能滿足 55 度 S a S 75 度 0.2 度 / cmg 7 S1.5 度 / cm 再者，依本發明之面光源裝置具備： 以一方之主面作光射光面且至少以一個端面作光入射 面的板狀之導光體；以沿該導光體之光入射面來延伸所配 置的光源；以及配置於該導光體之光射光面上的光進行方 向轉換稜鏡片，其特徵爲， 該稜鏡片之入射面係配置，成與該導光體之光射光面相 對，在該棱鏡片之入射面，相反側之射出面，以互相平行排 列與該導光體之光入射面大致平行延伸的複數之稜鏡列， 於該稜鏡片之入射面或射光面與該導光體之光入射面直 交的方向彎曲或凸狀或凹狀， 該導光體係從源源經由該光入射面入射的光線，具有自 該光射出面射出的光射出機構。 [圖式之簡單說明] 第1圖，表示依本發明面光源裝置之一實施形態之構成 模態斜視圖。 第2A圖〜第2C圖表示依本發明面光源裝置之光射出機 構之具體例模態圖。 第3圖表示依本發明面光源裝置之棱鏡片之一例模態 圖。 第4圖表示依本發明面光源裝置之稜鏡片之其他例模 態圖。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -----------------..----訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 504558 A7 _____ B7____ 五、發明說明（-Γ ) 第5圖表示依本發明面光源裝置之稜鏡片之構造模態 圖。 第6圖表示依本發明面光源裝置之導光體之一例模態 圖。 第7圔表示依本發明面光源裝置之導光體之一例模態 圖。 第8圖表示依本發明面光源裝置之導光體之一例模態 圖。 第9圖表示依本發明面光源裝置之光聚焦裝置之具體 例模態圖。 第10圖表示面内亮度比之量測模態圔。 第11圖表示視點位置與面内亮度比之關傺圖表。 [實施發明的最佳形態] 以下，參照圖面説明本發明之實施形態。 第1圖表示依本發明面光源裝置之一實施形態之構成 模態斜視圖。 於第1圖，符號12表示矩形狀之板狀導光體，符號 14, 14 ’表示沿板狀導光體12之端面延伸所配置的光源。 光源14,14’雖並無特別的限定者，但例如為線狀之光源， 在以下之說明以線狀光源來説明。符號1 6 , 1 6 *傺表示分 別附於線狀光源14, 14 ’的反射器（ref lector·);符號18 表示光反射構件。符號2 0表示光行進方向轉換稜鏡Η。 在導光體12,將延伸Υ方向的一端面12-1作第1光入 射面，與該第1光入射面12-1相對的端面12-2作為第2 光入射面。此等2値端面12-1、12-2與大致直交的Χ-Υ 小 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -------------------丨訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ^^58 ^^58 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 —^ __Έ—---- i、發明說明（^ ) 面内之第1主面的表面（上面）12-3作為光射出面。該導 光體12,在與表面12-3相反倒具有乂-¥面内之第2主面 的背面（下面）12-4。在背面12-4附設光反射構件18。 又，在2個光入射面以外之端面，亦與背面同樣附設光反 射構件也可以。 尚，如第1圏所示在本實施形態僳以導光體12之相對 的2値端面作光入射面，可是於本發明僅將此等2個端面 中之任一方作為光入射面也可以。在此情況，與光入射面 相對的端面最好是附設光反射構件為佳。 線狀光源14,僳配置成鄰接導光體端面U — 1而沿該端 面12-1延伸於Y方向的狀態。從線狀光源14發出的光 線，像其一部分以直接且其他之一部分由反射器16反射 後，自光入射端面12-1予以入射導光體12内。線狀光源 U，，傺鄰接於導光體端面12-2而沿該端面12-2延伸於Y 方向狀態所配置。從線狀光源14 ’發出的光線，其一部分 以直接且其他之一部分經由反射器反射後自光入射端面 12-2入射於導光體12内。光人射於導光體12内的朝向 僳於線狀光線14與線狀光源為相反者。 入射於導光體12内的光線，由附設光反射構件18的背 面12-4與光射出面12-3反覆受到全反射等的反射，而傳 達於與入射的端面相對的端面之方。並在此光傳達之中 途，自背面12-4射出的一部分之光，由光反射構件18從 被反射的背面12-4對導光體12作再入射。又，在此光傳 達之中途，自光射出面12-3射出一部分之光線。從此光 -8- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） — — — — — — — — — — — — '衣. — — — — — — 1 訂11111 — 1 *^ ,. (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 川4558 A7 ------B7 _ 五、發明說明（7 ) 射出面12-3之光射出，主要像如以下形成於導光體12依 _光射出機械之作用作成。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 於本發明，從導光體之光射出面所射出的射出光，從獲 致高亮度的觀點來看以高定向性的光線為理想。亦即，射 出光之光度分布之最大峰值方向對導光體之光射光面法 線為50。〜85。，最好是60。〜80。，其分布之半振幅脈 衝寬度為10。〜35。、最好是為15。〜30。的具高定向性 之射出光為理想。此傺由於以最大峰值之方向作50°以 上半值寛作35。而可充分地增高亮度，並由於使最大峰值 為85°以下，半振幅脈衝寬度為10°以上，由稜鏡片使射 出光之方向容易地可以變更為所希望的方向。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 作為如此射出高定向性之射出光的導光體之定向性光 射出機構，傺可列舉於導光體之光射出面及至少在其背面 之一方表面予形成微細的凹凸，予以塗敷或印刷白色擴散 性塗料等，在導光體中予以分散光擴散材者。其中，形成 徹細的凹凸及分散光擴散材，有獲得高定向性為理想。作 為此微細的凹凸，例如，可列舉依均勻地粗面化所得者或 形成透鏡單位者，由提高亮度與在導光體之光射出面内與 亮度均齊度之平衡，此等之平均傾斜角以2°〜10°左右者 待別理想。該平均傾斜角（0 a)傺依據IS04287/1-1984, 採用觸針式表面粗度計來量測粗糙面形狀，以量测方向之 座標為X,可採用所得自傾斜函數f(x)求出如次之（1)式 及（2)式。在此，L傺量測長度。由於將該平均傾斜角（0 a)作成2°以上，從導光體之射出光的射出率變大（亦01不 -9- 本紙張尺度適用+ ΐ國家標準（ChS)A4規格（210 X 297公发/ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 504558 A7 B7_ 五、發明說明（S ) 會變得過小）能增高亮度，並由於使其為8°以下從導光體 之射出光的射出率變小（亦即不會變得過大），可增高在光 射出面的亮度之均齊度。 △ a= (1/L) $ 〇L I (d/dx) f (x) I d x (1) — tan 1 (Δο.) (2) 如此的微細凹凸，可為大致各向同性者亦可為具方向性 者。作為形成大致各向同性之微細凹凸的加工方法，雖無 特別的限定者，但例如可列舉，由採用氫氟酸等的化學蝕 刻形成粗糙面的金屬模、吹噴玻璃珠等之微粒子予以粗 糙面化的金屬模，依壓機加熱等複製粗糙面的方法，依印 刷法等塗敷透明的凹凸物質或予附著的方法，導光體依珠 擊法或蝕刻法等直接加工為粗糙面的方法等。 作為具有方向性的徹細凹凸，僳列舉對稜鏡列或雙凸透 鏡列等之光入射面，大致平行地延伸之多數徹細的凹凸條 槽或突起，其節距以lam〜2ιπβι左右者為理想。而作為多 數微細的凹凸條槽或突起，偽以並排形成剖面三角形狀 之複數稜鏡列為理想。並由於形成這樣地稜鏡列，因應於 觀察角度範圍可賦予適當射出光分布之擴展，同時可提高 在光射出面内的射出光亮度之均齊度。 作為分散在導光體中的光擴散材，可列舉樹脂珠等之有 機撤粒子或玻璃珠等之無機徹粒子，可採用與構成導光體 材料之折射率具不同折射率的粒徑2〜lOOw B左右，最好是 4〜50wm左右之微小透光性粒子。這樣的光擴散材，亦可 均勻地分散於導光體之全體，以具一定之濃度分布來分散 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） I----------- 衣·-------訂 —--------*5^ · (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 504558 A7 _B7_ 五、發明說明（9 ) 也可以，亦可以層狀偏在於光射出面或其背面近旁。如此 的光擴散材，可與上述之徹細凹凸構造併用。 導光體如第1圖所示，具有一定厚度者也可以，從光入 射面之位置往與該光入射面相對的側端面之位置方，所 謂逐漸地減少厚度的楔子形形狀者也可以。 在第2A圖〜第2C圖表示如以上的光射出機構之具體例， 第2A圖為光射出機構，在導光體12之光射出面12-3形成 的大致各向同性的微小凹凸。第2B圖及第2C圖，僳作為 光射出機構在導光體12之光射出面12-3,表示形成互相 以平行延伸的複數徹小透鏡列例。作為微小透鏡列，在 第2B圖乃形成雙凸透鏡列，在第2C圖形成稜鏡列。 以上，表示由微小構造所成光射出機構形成在光射出 面12-3的例，但與此等同樣的微小構造以形成背面12-4 或光射出面12-3與背面12-4的雙方來作為光射出機構也 可以。 如第2A圖所示，從線狀光源14, 14’入射於導光體12的 光線，由光射出機構對某程度傾斜朝上（例如對導光體之 面法線N50度5度；從線狀光源14發出的光線[實線所 示]與從線狀光源14’發出的光線[點線所示]僳關於導光 體之面法線N大致對稱為方向）具有對齊的定向性予射 出。但是，在實際上，從光射光面12-3射出的光線，具有在 X - Z面内之行進方向分布。 再者，本發明之導光體乃與如上述的光射出機構併用，將 與光入射面延伸於大致垂直方向的棱鏡列，形成於導光體 之光射出面或背面，使與稜鏡列延伸的方向在垂直方向的 -11- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） I----------- ,衣--------訂---------線， (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 504558 A7 B7 五、發明說明（α) 射出光分布或狹窄也可以。此稜鏡列係其頂角以1 2 0〜1 5 0〇 爲理想。此係由於使稜鏡列之頂角爲1 2 0 °以上，可將作 爲面光源元件的亮度提高，並作成150°以下來因應於觀 察角度範圍可賦予適當射出光分布之擴展者。棱鏡列之 頂角更理想之在1 2 0 °〜1 4 5 °之範圍，更加理想爲1 2 5。 〜1 4 0 °之範圍。 作爲附設在導光體12背面12-4的光反射構件18,例如 在表面可採用具有金屬蒸鍍反射層的塑膠片。 此光反射構件1 8，可採用具正反射功能者或具擴散反射 功能者。或者，自上述導光體之光射出面12-3的光射出 欲在遍及全面均勻化，作爲光反射構件18,可採用不同反 射率者或部分的具有不同反射面積比率地圖案反射功能 者。尙，省略如以上的反射片，由金屬蒸鍍等賦予反射層在 導光體背面作成光反射構件1 8也可能。 如以上之實施，從導光體12之光射出面12-3以帶定向 性射出的光線，大致往斜上方行進，入射於以鄰接配置在光 射出面12-3的光行進方向轉換稜鏡片20。此稜鏡片20, 係對片法線方向（導光體12之面法線N方向）大致以斜入 射的光線行進方向，具有往所希望的方向變化（轉換行進 方向）之作用。作爲該所希望的方向，例如可採用片法線 方向。 第3圖表示稜鏡片20之一例。此稜鏡片20,係由下面 一 作稜鏡面上面成平面的下側棱鏡部"20-a與上側之片狀基 材部20b所成。稜鏡部20a例如可採用活性能線硬化型 -12- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ^ - I I I L---—訂----— II--線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 ^4558 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 、發明說明（υ ) 樹脂材料來構成，基材部20b例如可採用聚酯系樹脂，丙嫌 酸系樹脂，聚碳酸酯系樹脂，氯乙烯系樹脂，聚甲基丙稀亞 胺系樹脂等之材料構成。作爲基材部2 0 b，因應於必要可 採用偏光片或偏光變換片，或光擴散片。稜鏡片20並不 區別爲稜鏡部20a與基材部20b，也可採用同樣材料來形 成爲一體。 作爲該稜鏡片20之材料，特別是在稜鏡部20a，可因應 於必要使用雙折射率〇.〇2以下之透光性樹脂材料。又，在 稜鏡片20乃特別於稜鏡部20a，可採用透光性樹脂中平均 粒徑爲1〜50 // m，折射率爲上述透光性樹脂之折射率與含 有0.002以上不同透光性粒子的材料。依此，可賦予光擴 散性。 如第3圖所示，稜鏡片20之入射面20-1係作爲複數之 Y方向柱狀稜鏡被平行排列的稜鏡面。自導光體1 2射出 而入射於棱鏡片20的光線由稜鏡面受到內面反射，往片 面法線N之方向行進，從射出面12-2射出。如圖示，自線 狀光源14發出的光線[實線表示]與從線狀光源14’發出 的光線[點線所示]，在各稜鏡互相相反側之面受到內面反 射。 第4圖表示其他稜鏡片20之例。該稜鏡片20係下面（入 射面）及上面（射出面）之雙方作成稜鏡面。下面（入射面） 係作爲與上述第3圖之稜鏡面同樣的稜鏡面，上面（射出 面）例-如由80度〜140度頂角之稜鏡列互相-以平行排列者 12-4彎曲爲凹狀（亦即，彎曲光反射構件18之上面[與導 -13- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ------------^-----：----訂---------線· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 504558 A7 B7 五、發明說明（p) 光體12的接合面]爲凸狀）來形成。亦即，由於如此實施， 經過背面12-4從光射出面12-3射出的光線其全體在χ-ζ 面內發散，並隨同此，由以通過第3圖或第4圖所示的稜鏡 片20在入射面20-1受到稜鏡內面反射的光線，在X-Z面 內被成聚焦狀態。彎曲之程度（曲率）係因應於觀察者之 位置，通過稜鏡片後聚焦在觀察者之位置近旁來設定。 第8圖所示的導光體，與線狀光源之方向直交的X方向 關連以彎曲稜鏡片20之上面（射出面）20-2爲凸狀來形 成。亦即，由於如此實施，藉由在入射面20-1受到稜鏡內 面反射的上面20-2,從稜鏡片射出的光線以全體在X-Z面 內被成聚焦狀態。彎曲之程度（曲率）係因應於觀察者之 位置，使其聚焦於觀察者之位置近旁來設定。 其次，對於導光體及稜鏡片之材料及製法加以說明。 以上之導光體及稜鏡片，係可由高光透射率之合成樹脂 構成。作爲如此之合成樹脂，可例示甲基丙烯樹脂，丙烯酸 系樹脂，聚碳酸酯系樹脂，氯乙烯系樹脂。特別是，甲基的 烯樹脂，乃優越於光透射率之高，耐熱性，力學的特性，列方 向的/3變化率τ，係表示關連X以正之朝向（第8圖中朝 向）行進單位距離（lcm)時之Θ變化。 於稜鏡片20,有關稜鏡排列方向的中央（在稜鏡片20之 X - Z面內的中心線C L)，/3爲0度。因而，稜鏡面（入射面 20-1)之形狀，關連於中心線CL爲左右對稱。 並由使棱鏡面成爲如此形狀，在各棱鏡作用內面反射（參 照·第3圖）的光線乃全體聚焦於X-Z面內（因應於自CL的 -14- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） I-----------»衣----l·---訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 504558 A7 B7 五、發明說明（〇) 距離愈遠被偏轉的角度愈大），於通過片後在離開CL上約 30〜40cm的觀察.者位置之近旁聚焦。 稜鏡排列之節距並無特別的限制，但以10〜1 000 # Π1爲 理想，更理想爲15〜100// m。 以下對於稜鏡片20之α，/?，r再加以說明。 頂角α - “ 將稜鏡片之稜鏡列排列以面對導光體之光射出面來載 置時，對導光體光射出面之法線方向以斜入射於棱鏡片的 光線，在各棱鏡列之棱鏡面由全反射作用予內面反射，而變 角爲光射出面之法線方向。依如此，入射光係由稜鏡列之 全反射作用被改變行進方向，所以光之利用效率高，可獲得 大致之對應於從導光體的射出光強度分佈的面光源元件 之射出光強度分佈。因而，將由導光體所適當化的光線有 效率地可變向爲目的之方向。此時，稜鏡片之稜鏡列之稜 鏡頂角爲55〜75°各稜鏡列之頂角爲一定。只要是在此角 度範圍就可有效率地往目的之方向以全反射來變向。稜 鏡頂角最好是在60°〜70°之範圍。 變化率r 稜鏡片之稜鏡列，係以傾斜角/3在最接近於〇。的棱鏡 列爲中心，並配置使從該成中心的稜鏡列愈遠形成傾斜角 /5琢漸地變大。該稜鏡列之傾斜角Θ之變化，亦可爲連線 性（亦即，在稜鏡列排列以連續的每一個傾斜角/3作變化）， 或爲階段性(亦-即，胗成稜鏡列排列以連續地每一幾個稜— 鏡列之稜鏡群，在同樣之稜鏡群內則傾斜角0相同，以隔— -15- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ^-----!----訂---------線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（（4 ) 個鄰接的稜鏡群變化稜鏡列之傾斜角/3 )也可以，但以每 -1 c m之變化率r在〇. 2 °〜1 . 5。之範圍。此係變化率在 〇.2°/cm以下時，射出光之聚焦位置從面光源裝置之表面變 遠，不儘未能充分發揮本發明之效果，同時製造小變化率之 稜鏡圖案會變成極困難。又，變化率超過1.5。/cm時射出 光之聚焦位置變成在面光源裝之表面附近，在未能充分發 揮本發明效果的傾向，同將特別是在變化率以階射性的變 化時係傾斜角A之變化點，其係由被視認而在於產生均勻 性降低的傾向。變化率7以0.40〜1.2° /cm之範圍爲理想， 更理想爲在0.5°〜Γ /cm之範圍。 於本發明，由以成爲中心的稜鏡列之傾斜角/9爲〇度，可 使在此位置的射出率之方向作法線方向，因能獲致高正面 亮度的面光源裝置故爲理想。尙，於本發明，成爲中心的稜 鏡列位置之正上方就相當於大致觀察位置（視點位置）。 因此，最好是於稜鏡列排列方向的稜鏡片之中央位置，予以 配置成爲中心的傾斜角0爲0度或最接近0度的稜鏡列。 又，於本發明，係使稜鏡片之各稜鏡列之頂角爲一定，並 由於改變其傾斜角/3，在導光體之兩端配置線狀光線時亦 因可在同樣位置聚焦從兩方之線狀光源的光線，特別適合 採用於液晶監控器或廣告，看板等大型之面光源裝置。尙， 於只在導光體之一個端面配置線狀光線時，亦在相對的另 一方之端面反射返回的光線，因可聚光在同樣位置，及優於 光線之利用效率者。此係於本發明之稜鏡片，在棱鏡列之 排列方向從一方之朝向入射的光線，於與各稜鏡列之光入 -16- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ------------ 於----h----訂---------線· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 川 4558 A7 _ B7_ $、發明說明（β) 射側相反側之稜鏡面被全反射而射出，故將自左右兩方入 射的光線在分別對應的各個之稜鏡面可作全反射來射 出。 傾斜角/3 棱鏡片之稜鏡列傾斜角/5，係因應於射出光之聚焦位置， 面光源裝置之大小來設定，但以-20°〜+ 20°之範圍，就可從 Λν 棱鏡片數十cm左右的通常觀察位置使射出光聚焦，同時 在製造稜鏡圖案之容易性等理想，特別理想是在-15°〜+ 15。 之範圍。 第6圖〜第8圖所示的光聚焦裝置，導光體係以特別形狀 者來形成。亦即，第6圖〜第8圖，係表示在本發明之導光 體賦予光聚焦功能時之具體例模態圖。 於第6圖所示的導光餅，與線狀光線之方向直交的X方 向關連以彎曲導光體12之光射出面12-3爲凹狀來形成。 亦即，由於如實施，從光射出面1 2- 3射出的光線以全體乃 在X-Z面內發散（因應於從導光體12之X-Z面內的Z方 向中心線CL之距離，愈遠被偏轉的角度愈大），並隨同此， 通過第3圖或第4圖所示的稜鏡片20在入射面20-1多 ------------- ^-----!----訂---------線· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)The rate of utility is low and the light is low. It is also because the two sides are shown to one side. The two are sent out. The I-I ’s photo is based on this photo. The face is used for sexual recognition. It is better to install the source light than to install an Irn, a source, and a light source, which is easy to install and can also be a combination of the source light surface: The light guide with a surface main body is guided by the light of the plate. The light incident from the surface source is set as a matching end. The light from the surface is less than the entrance and the smooth surface is exposed. (Please read the back Note? Matters need to be filled out on this page.) Match the film with the lens to change the direction of the light. The body light guide that emits light on the top should be set as a special light. The large light guide of the light body I arranges the line of mirrors to form a flat edge. It is arranged with a number of planes to match the plane of the complex system. The flat projection extends into a line of ^ flat mirror Iα one-sided edge of the mirror. The light exits from the light exit surface. The light is incident on the surface, and the light is emitted by the machine. ------..-- Order --------- Line No. 1 Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Consumption Co., Ltd. Focusing the light from the lens, the lens is used as the mirror edge of the lens to change the direction of the turn to the square tool, and the light guide and the ground state light-like light guide focus should be focused on the warp film. The source light of the mirror is set as follows: The face-to-face version of the text follows the same principle, and it is adopted in the special hF ground plane, and the side of the plane is used as the mirror edge S, and the cross straight mirror is extended to the side of the prism. The number of prisms is the number of rows and the rows of mirrors. The row corners and the top corners of the rows shall be in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) for this paper size. 504558 Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Bureau A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (+) The change rate r of the tilt angle / 3 of the film normal direction can meet 55 degrees S a S 75 degrees 0.2 degrees / cmg 7 S1.5 degrees In addition, the surface light source device according to the present invention includes: a plate-shaped light guide having one main surface as a light emitting surface and at least one end surface as a light incident surface; and a light incident surface along the light guide. To extend the configured light source; and to change the direction of the light arranged on the light-emitting surface of the light guide, wherein the incident surface of the light-shield is arranged to match the light-emitting surface of the light guide On the other hand, on the incident surface of the prism sheet, the opposite side emits A plurality of rows arranged parallel to each other and extending substantially parallel to the light incident surface of the light guide, bent or convex in a direction orthogonal to the incident surface or light emitting surface of the diaphragm and the light incident surface of the light guide Or in a concave shape, the light guide system has a light emitting mechanism that emits light from a light source incident through the light incident surface through the light emitting surface. [Brief description of the drawings] Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a modal configuration of an embodiment of a surface light source device according to the present invention. Figures 2A to 2C are modal views showing a specific example of a light emitting mechanism of a surface light source device according to the present invention. Fig. 3 is a modal view showing an example of a prism sheet of a surface light source device according to the present invention. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing another example of a cymbal of a surface light source device according to the present invention. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -----------------..---- Order ------- --Line (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 504558 A7 _____ B7____ 5. Description of the invention (-Γ) Figure 5 shows the edge of the surface light source device according to the present invention Structural modal diagram of lens. Fig. 6 is a modal view showing an example of a light guide of a surface light source device according to the present invention. Fig. 7 is a modal view showing an example of a light guide of a surface light source device according to the present invention. Fig. 8 is a modal view showing an example of a light guide of a surface light source device according to the present invention. Fig. 9 is a modal view showing a specific example of a light focusing device of a surface light source device according to the present invention. Fig. 10 shows the measurement mode 圔 of the in-plane brightness ratio. FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the viewpoint position and the in-plane brightness ratio. [Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of one embodiment of a surface light source device according to the present invention. In Fig. 1, reference numeral 12 denotes a rectangular plate-shaped light guide, and reference numerals 14, 14 'indicate light sources arranged along the end surface of the plate-shaped light guide 12. Although the light sources 14, 14 'are not particularly limited, they are, for example, linear light sources, and the following description will be described with a linear light source. Symbols 1 6 and 1 6 * 傺 indicate reflectors (ref lector ·) attached to the linear light sources 14, 14 ', respectively; and symbol 18 indicates a light reflecting member. The symbol 2 0 indicates that the light traveling direction is changed. In the light guide 12, an end surface 12-1 extending in the direction of Υ is used as a first light incident surface, and an end surface 12-2 opposite to the first light incident surface 12-1 is used as a second light incident surface. These 2 値 end faces 12-1, 12-2 and the approximately orthogonal X-Υ paper size are applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ----------- -------- 丨 Order --------- line (please read the notes on the back before filling this page) ^^ 58 ^^ 58 Printed by A7, Consumer Cooperatives, Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs — ^ __Έ —---- i. Description of the Invention (^) The surface (upper surface) 12-3 of the first major surface in the plane is used as the light exit surface. The light guide 12 has a back surface (lower surface) 12-4 having a second main surface in the 乂-¥ plane, as opposed to the surface 12-3. A light reflecting member 18 is attached to the back surface 12-4. A light reflecting member may be attached to the end surface other than the two light incident surfaces in the same manner as the back surface. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A, the two opposite end faces of the light guide 12 are used as light incident surfaces. However, in the present invention, only one of the two end faces may be used as the light incident surface. . In this case, it is preferable that an end face opposite to the light incident surface is provided with a light reflecting member. The linear light source 14 is arranged adjacent to the end face U-1 of the light guide body and extends in the Y direction along the end face 12-1. A part of the light emitted from the linear light source 14 is directly reflected by the reflector 16 and the other part is reflected from the light incident end surface 12-1 into the light guide 12. The linear light source U, 傺 is arranged adjacent to the end face 12-2 of the light guide body and extends along the end face 12-2 in the Y direction. Part of the light emitted from the linear light source 14 'is incident on the light guide body 12 from the light incident end surface 12-2 after being reflected by the reflector directly and the other part. The direction in which a light person shoots into the light guide body 12 is opposite to the linear light source 14 and the linear light source. The light incident into the light guide 12 is repeatedly reflected by the back surface 12-4 and the light exit surface 12-3 provided with the light reflecting member 18, such as total reflection, and reaches the end surface opposite to the incident end surface. In the middle of this light transmission, a part of the light emitted from the back surface 12-4 is re-incided to the light guide 12 by the light reflecting member 18 from the reflected back surface 12-4. In the middle of this light transmission, a part of the light is emitted from the light emitting surface 12-3. From now on -8- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) — — — — — — — — — — — —. — — — — — 1 Order 11111 — 1 * ^,. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Chuan 4558 A7 ------ B7 _ V. Description of the invention (7) The light exiting from the exit surface 12-3 is mainly formed as follows The light guide 12 is made by the action of a light emitting mechanism. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page.) In the present invention, the light emitted from the light exit surface of the light guide is preferably a highly directional light from the viewpoint of obtaining high brightness. That is, the direction of the maximum peak value of the luminous intensity distribution of the emitted light to the light emitting surface normal of the light guide is 50. ~ 85. , Preferably 60. ~ 80. The half-amplitude pulse width of the distribution is 10. ~ 35. The best is 15. ~ 30. It is ideal to have a highly directional outgoing light. This is because the direction of the maximum peak value is 50 ° and the upper half value is 35. On the other hand, the brightness can be sufficiently increased, and since the maximum peak value is 85 ° or less, and the half-amplitude pulse width is 10 ° or more, the direction of light emitted by the diaphragm can be easily changed to a desired direction. The consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs has printed and produced a directional light emitting mechanism that emits light with a high directivity in this way. It can be listed on the light emitting surface of the light guide and on at least one of its back surfaces Those who form fine unevenness, apply or print a white diffusing paint, etc., and disperse the light diffusing material in the light guide. Among them, it is desirable to form fine unevenness and disperse the light diffusing material and obtain high directivity. Examples of such fine unevenness include those obtained by uniformly roughening or forming a lens unit, and the average inclination is increased by increasing the balance between the brightness and the uniformity of the brightness in the light exit surface of the light guide. The angle is about 2 ° ~ 10 °. The average inclination angle (0 a) 傺 According to IS04287 / 1-1984, a stylus surface roughness meter is used to measure the shape of the rough surface. The coordinate of the measurement direction is X. The self-tilt function f (x) can be used. Find the following formulas (1) and (2). Here, L 傺 measures the length. Since the average tilt angle (0 a) is made 2 ° or more, the emission rate of the light emitted from the light guide body becomes larger (also 01 no-9-this paper size applies + ΐ National Standard (ChS) A4 specification (210 X Issued by 297 / Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives 504558 A7 B7_ V. Description of the invention (S) will become too small) It can increase the brightness, and because it is 8 ° or less, the light emitted from the light guide is emitted The rate becomes smaller (that is, it does not become too large), which can increase the uniformity of the brightness on the light exit surface. △ a = (1 / L) $ 〇LI (d / dx) f (x) I dx (1 ) — Tan 1 (Δο.) (2) Such fine unevenness may be either substantially isotropic or directional. As a processing method for forming approximately isotropic fine unevenness, there is no particular limitation. However, for example, a metal mold having a rough surface formed by chemical etching using hydrofluoric acid or the like, and a metal mold having a rough surface made of fine particles such as blown glass beads, a method of copying the rough surface by heating with a press, etc. A method of applying a transparent concave-convex material or a pre-adhesion method, and a light guide method such as a beading method or an etching method. A method of directly processing into a rough surface. As the directional fine irregularities, a large number of fine concave-convex stripe grooves or protrusions extending substantially parallel to a light incident surface such as a tandem or lenticular lens array are listed. The pitch is preferably about lam ~ 2ιπβι. As most of the fine uneven grooves or protrusions, it is ideal to form a plurality of rows of triangles in a cross section side by side. Since such a row is formed, it depends on the viewing angle The range can give an appropriate extension of the distribution of the emitted light, and at the same time can improve the uniformity of the brightness of the emitted light in the light emitting surface. Examples of the light diffusing material dispersed in the light guide include organic beads such as resin beads or glass Inorganic particles, such as beads, can be small translucent particles having a refractive index of about 2 to 100 w B, and preferably about 4 to 50 wm, having a refractive index different from that of the material constituting the light guide. Such a light diffusing material It can also be evenly dispersed in the whole of the light guide body, with a certain concentration distribution to disperse. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm). I --------- - -Clothing · ------- Order --------- * 5 ^ · (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperatives of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 504558 A7 _B7_ 5. Description of the invention (9) It is also possible, or it may be layered in the vicinity of the light exit surface or its back surface. Such a light diffusing material can be used in combination with the above-mentioned fine uneven structure. The light guide is shown in Figure 1, Those with a certain thickness may be so-called wedge-shaped shapes that gradually reduce their thickness from the position of the light incident surface to the position of the side end surface opposite to the light incident surface. Figures 2A to 2C show A specific example of the above light emitting mechanism is shown in FIG. 2A, which is a light emitting mechanism, which is formed on the light emitting surface 12-3 of the light guide 12 with substantially isotropic micro unevenness. Figures 2B and 2C show examples of the formation of a plurality of small lens arrays extending parallel to each other on the light emitting surface 12-3 of the light guide 12 as a light emitting mechanism. As the micro lens row, a lenticular lens row is formed in FIG. 2B, and a ridge row is formed in FIG. 2C. In the above, the example in which the light-exiting mechanism by the micro structure was formed in the light-exiting surface 12-3 was shown, but the same micro-structure was used to form both the back surface 12-4 or both the light-exit surface 12-3 and the back surface 12-4 It may be used as a light emitting mechanism. As shown in FIG. 2A, the light incident from the linear light sources 14, 14 'to the light guide 12 is tilted upward to a certain extent by the light emitting mechanism (for example, to the surface normal N50 degrees 5 degrees of the light guide; from The light emitted by the linear light source 14 [shown by a solid line] and the light emitted by the linear light source 14 '[shown by a dotted line] (about the surface normal N of the light guide body are generally referred to as directions) are aligned. Shoot out. However, in reality, the light emitted from the light emitting surface 12-3 has a traveling direction distribution in the X-Z plane. Furthermore, the light guide of the present invention is used in combination with the light emitting mechanism as described above, and a prism row extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the light incident surface is formed on the light emitting surface or the back surface of the light guide so as to form a parallel array. The direction of extension is -11- in the vertical direction. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) I -----------, clothing ------- -Order --------- line, (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 504558 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (α) The emitted light distribution or narrowness can also be used. The top angle of this queue is preferably 120-1500. This is because the apex angle of the queue is 120 ° or more, the brightness of the surface light source element can be increased, and the extension can be made to 150 ° or less to give an appropriate light distribution according to the observation angle range. The apex angle of the prism row is more preferably in the range of 120 ° to 145 °, and more preferably 1.25. Range of ~ 1 40 °. As the light reflection member 18 attached to the back surface 12-4 of the light guide 12, for example, a plastic sheet having a metal vapor-deposited reflection layer can be used on the surface. The light reflecting member 18 can be a person having a specular reflection function or a person having a diffuse reflection function. Alternatively, if the light emission from the light exit surface 12-3 of the light guide body is to be uniformized over the entire surface, as the light reflection member 18, those having different reflectances or portions having a pattern reflection function with different reflection area ratios may be used. That is, it is also possible to omit the reflection sheet as described above, and it is also possible to form a light reflection member 18 on the back surface of the light guide by providing a reflection layer with metal evaporation or the like. As described above, the light emitted from the light exit surface 12-3 of the light guide 12 with a directional direction travels approximately obliquely upward, and is incident on the light traveling direction conversion diaphragm that is adjacently disposed on the light exit surface 12-3. 20. The cymbal 20 has a function of changing the direction of the light (increasing the direction of travel) to the normal direction of the film (the direction of the surface normal N of the light guide 12) by the direction of the oblique incident light. As the desired direction, for example, a slice normal direction can be adopted. FIG. 3 shows an example of the cymbal 20. The cymbal 20 is formed by a lower prism portion "20-a" which is flat on the upper surface of the lower surface and a sheet-like base material portion 20b on the upper side. For the crotch 20a, for example, active energy line hardening type-12 can be adopted. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ^-III L ---- Order ----- II--Line Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ^ 4558 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 and the invention description (υ) resin material The base material portion 20b can be made of, for example, a material such as a polyester-based resin, an acrylic acid-based resin, a polycarbonate-based resin, a vinyl chloride-based resin, or a polymethacrylic-based resin. As the substrate portion 20b, a polarizer, a polarizing conversion sheet, or a light diffusion sheet may be used as necessary. The cymbal sheet 20 is not different from the cymbal part 20a and the base material part 20b, and may be formed as a single body using the same material. As the material of the cymbal sheet 20, a translucent resin material having a birefringence of 0.02 or less can be used as necessary in the cymbal part 20a. In addition, in the cymbal 20, particularly the cymbal 20a, an average particle diameter of 1 to 50 // m in a translucent resin may be used, and the refractive index is the refractive index of the translucent resin and different light transmissions containing 0.002 or more Material of sex particles. According to this, it is possible to impart light diffusion. As shown in Fig. 3, the incident surface 20-1 of the cymbal sheet 20 is a cymbal surface in which a plurality of columnar cymbals in the Y direction are arranged in parallel. The light emitted from the light guide 12 and incident on the prism sheet 20 is reflected from the inner surface by the plane, travels in the direction of the sheet normal N, and exits from the exit surface 12-2. As shown in the figure, the light emitted from the linear light source 14 [indicated by a solid line] and the light emitted from the linear light source 14 '[indicated by a dotted line] are reflected by the inner surface on the opposite sides of each frame. FIG. 4 shows an example of another cymbal 20. The cymbal plate 20 is formed on both the lower surface (the entrance surface) and the upper surface (the exit surface). The bottom surface (incident surface) is the same as the surface in Figure 3 above, and the top surface (emission surface) is an example-such as from a row of apex angles of 80 degrees to 140 degrees to each other-curved in a parallel arrangement of 12-4 It is concave (that is, the upper surface of the curved light reflecting member 18 [and guide-13- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ----------- -^ ----- ： ---- Order --------- Line · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Employees' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 504558 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (p) The bonding surface of the light body 12 is convex). That is, as a result of this implementation, the light emitted from the light exit surface 12-3 through the back surface 12-4 diverges in the χ-ζ plane, and then passes through the edge shown in Fig. 3 or 4 The lens 20 reflects light reflected from the inner surface of the chirp on the incident surface 20-1, and is brought into focus in the XZ plane. The degree of curvature (curvature) is set according to the position of the observer by focusing on the vicinity of the position of the observer after the septum. The light guide shown in Fig. 8 is formed by connecting the upper surface (emission surface) 20-2 of the curved cymbal 20 with a convex shape in the X direction orthogonal to the direction of the linear light source. That is, due to this, the light emitted from the diaphragm is focused into the X-Z plane as a whole by the upper surface 20-2 that is reflected by the inner surface of the diaphragm at the incident surface 20-1. The degree of curvature (curvature) is set according to the position of the observer, so that it is focused near the position of the observer. Next, materials and manufacturing methods of the light guide and the cymbal will be described. The above light guides and cymbals may be made of a synthetic resin with high light transmittance. Examples of such a synthetic resin include a methacrylic resin, an acrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, and a vinyl chloride resin. In particular, methylene resin is superior to light transmittance, heat resistance, mechanical properties, and / 3 rate of change τ in the column direction, which means that the unit X is related to the positive direction (orientation in FIG. 8). Θ changes with distance (lcm). At the center of the cymbal 20, the center of the cymbal arrangement direction (the center line C L in the X-Z plane of the cymbal 20), / 3 is 0 degrees. Therefore, the shape of the sacral plane (incident plane 20-1) is bilaterally symmetrical with respect to the center line CL. By making the prism surface into such a shape, the light reflected on the inner surface of each prism (refer to Figure 3) is focused on the XZ plane (corresponding to -14 from CL- This paper standard applies Chinese national standard (CNS ) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) I ----------- »clothing ---- l · --- order --------- line (please read the back first Note: Please fill in this page again) 504558 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (〇) The farther the distance is, the larger the angle of deflection). After passing the film, focus near the observer's position about 30 ~ 40cm away from the CL. There is no particular limitation on the pitch of the 稜鏡 array, but 10 to 1 000 # Π1 is ideal, and more preferably 15 to 100 // m. Α, / ?, r of the septum 20 will be described below. Apex angle α-"When the queuing of the cymbals is arranged so as to face the light exit surface of the light guide, the light rays incident on the normal direction of the light exit surface of the light guide are incident on the prism sheet obliquely. The prism surface of the prism row is reflected by the total reflection to the inner surface, and the angle is changed to the normal direction of the light exit surface. In this way, the incident light is changed in the direction of travel by the total reflection of the queue, so the efficiency of light utilization High, it is possible to obtain an intensity distribution of light emitted from a surface light source element that roughly corresponds to an intensity distribution of light emitted from a light guide. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently change the direction of the light that is appropriate for the light guide. At this time, the apex angle of the queue of the cymbals is 55 ~ 75 °, and the apex angle of each queue is constant. As long as it is within this angle range, it can be effectively changed by total reflection in the direction of the destination. The apex angle is preferably in the range of 60 ° to 70 °. The rate of change r The line of the ridges is centered on the prism row with the inclination angle / 3 at the closest to 0 °, and is arranged so that the The farthest line in the center forms an inclination angle / 5, which gradually becomes larger. The change of the inclination angle Θ can also be connectedness (that is, each inclination in the array is continuously changed by / 3), or it can be phased (that is, arrayed in a queue). Each successive edge is a group of mirrors, the angle of inclination is the same in the same group of groups, and the angle of separation is the same. -15- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) ^ -----! ---- Order --------- line Printed by the Consumer Consumption Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumer Property Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ((4) The inclination angle of the three adjacent cluster change queues / 3) is also acceptable, but at a rate of change per -1 cm r 0.2 ° ~ 1.5 °. When the rate of change is below 0.2 ° / cm, the focus position of the emitted light is farther from the surface of the surface light source device, and the effects of the present invention are not fully exerted. At the same time, it will be extremely difficult to produce a cymbal pattern with a small change rate. Also, when the change rate exceeds 1.5 ° / cm, the focus position of the emitted light becomes a surface-mounted light source. In the vicinity of the surface, when the effect of the present invention cannot be fully exerted, the point of change of the inclination angle A, especially when the rate of change changes in a stepwise manner, is considered to be caused by a tendency to reduce uniformity. The rate of change 7 is preferably in the range of 0.40 to 1.2 ° / cm, and more preferably in the range of 0.5 ° to Γ / cm. In the present invention, the inclination angle / 9 of the queue in the center is 0 °, but Making the direction of the emission rate at this position the normal direction is ideal because a surface light source device with high frontal brightness can be obtained. Alas, in the present invention, the position directly above the queue position that is the center is equivalent to the approximate observation position ( Viewpoint position). Therefore, it is best to arrange the center of the cymbal in the direction of the queuing line, and the center of the ridge line with an inclination angle 0 of 0 degrees or the closest to 0 degrees. In addition, in the present invention, the apex angle of each line of the cymbals is constant, and because the inclination angle of the / 3 is changed, when the linear light is arranged at both ends of the light guide, it can be focused at the same position. The light from the two linear light sources is particularly suitable for large surface light source devices such as liquid crystal monitors, advertisements, and signboards. Alas, when the linear light is arranged on only one end face of the light guide, the returning light is also reflected on the opposite end face, because it can focus the light at the same position and is better than the efficiency of light utilization. This is the cymbal of the present invention. The incident light from one side in the prism array arrangement direction enters the light of each -16. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ------------ at ---- h ---- order --------- line · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page ) Chuan 4558 A7 _ B7_ $, description of the invention (β) The planes on the opposite sides of the emitting side are totally reflected and emitted, so the light incident from the left and right sides can be totally reflected on the respective planes respectively. Tilt angle / 3 The tilt angle of the prism array is / 5, which is set according to the focus position of the emitted light and the size of the surface light source device. However, in the range of -20 ° ~ + 20 °, the Λν prism lens can be used. It is ideal to focus the emitted light at a normal observation position of several tens of centimeters, and at the same time, it is ideal in terms of the ease of making a 稜鏡 pattern, and it is particularly preferably -15 ° to +15. Range. The light focusing device shown in Figs. 6 to 8 has a light guide system formed in a special shape. That is, Figs. 6 to 8 are modal diagrams showing specific examples when the light guide of the present invention is provided with a light focusing function. In the light guide cake shown in Fig. 6, the X direction orthogonal to the direction of the linear light is formed by forming the light exit surface 12-3 of the curved light guide 12 into a concave shape. That is, as implemented, the light rays emitted from the light exit surfaces 1 2 to 3 diverge in the XZ plane as a whole (corresponding to the distance from the center line CL in the Z direction in the XZ plane of the light guide 12) The larger the deflection angle), and along with this, the cymbal 20 shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4 is more on the incident surface 20-1 ------------- ^ ---- -! ---- Order --------- Line · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
X 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 —H 进 恒 彎後 。 片 態鏡 狀稜 焦過 聚通 成於 |置。 之設 纟者來 察旁 在觀近 線於置 光應位 的因 射係 反 面 內 鏡度 稜程聚 到之其 率 曲 之 者 察 觀 在 焦 方爲樹 X作的 的。分 交者成 直當主 向適爲 方最，酯 之性甲 線P酸 光加烯 狀形丙 線成基 ffi面甲 體背以 光之係， 導 2 脂 的1樹 示體烯 所光丙 圖導基 7}»--甲 第連的 在關樣 釐 公 97 2 X 10 (2 格 規 A4 S) N (C 準 標 家 國 國 .中 用 適 度 尺 張 一紙 —__B7___ 五、發明說明（4 ) 月旨，而甲基丙烯酸甲酯爲80重量％以上者爲理想。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 由排列導光體.及稜鏡片之稜鏡列或雙凸透鏡列等之透 鏡列的表面構造，或形成由粗糙面所成表面構造之際，將透 明合成樹脂板採用具有所希望的表面構成之模構件以作 熱壓機形成也可以，依擠出成形或射出成形等來製造導元 體或稜鏡片之際，同時賦予形狀也可以。又，採用熱或光硬 /> 化性樹脂等製造導光體或稜鏡片之際，亦可以同時形成。 此時，由具有導光體或稜鏡片之內部與粗糙面構造或雙凸 透鏡列或稜鏡列等透鏡列排列構造之表面部，亦可製成折 射率不同者，再者，由聚酯系樹脂，丙烯酸系樹脂，聚碳酸酯 系樹脂，氯乙烯系樹脂，聚甲基丙烯亞胺系樹脂等所成透明 薄膜或片等之透明基材上，形成由活性能線硬化型樹脂所 成，具有粗糙面構成或雙凸透鏡列或稜鏡列等之透鏡列排 列構造的部分亦可，將具有如此的粗糙面構造或透鏡列排 列構造的片，依黏接、融接等方法接合一體化在列的透明 基材上也可以。作爲活性能線硬化型樹脂，可以採用多官 能（聚合物meta)丙烯酸化合物、乙烯基化合物、（聚合物 meta)丙烯酸酯類、烯丙基化合物（聚合物meta)丙烯酸之 金屬鹽等。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 以上第5〜8圖之光聚焦裝置，雖係實現在X-Z面的聚焦 狀態，可是如第4圖，具有在射出面採用稜鏡折射作用的 Y-Z面內之光線偏轉用之稜鏡排列者時，亦可實現在Y-Z 面內的聚焦狀態將這樣在Y-Z面內的光聚焦裝—置之例_ 的·模態圖表示於第9圖。 -18- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 504558 A7 __B7_ 五、發明說明（7) 第9圖所示的光聚焦裝置，係關連線狀光線之方向（Y方 向）將稜鏡片20之下面（入射面）彎曲爲凸狀來形成。亦即， 以如此實施，在上面20-2折射自稜鏡片射出的光線其全 體乃在Y-Z面內被成聚焦狀態（因應於從CL之距離，愈遠 被偏轉的角度愈大）。彎曲之程度（曲率）係因應觀察者之 位置，以在觀察者之位置近旁聚光來設定。 尙，如第4圖在射出面採用稜鏡折射作用具有爲了於Y-Z面內之光線偏轉之稜鏡排列者時，欲於Y-X面內實現聚 焦狀態，可將Y-Z面內的導光體12之光射出面12-3或背 面12-4彎曲爲凸狀。 如這樣在Y-Z面內的光聚焦與在X-Z面內之光聚焦獨 立地進行。又，如以上的X - Z面內之光聚焦裝置亦可組合 複數來使用，也可將如以上的Y-Z面內之光聚焦裝置組合 獲數來使用。其時，各部彎曲之曲率半徑等乃以實現所希 望位置的聚焦狀態適當地加以設定。 在以上的說明，觀察者在CL上觀察，而此CL係以通過 關連棱鏡片20之X方向的中心位置者，但觀察者之位置 不一定是必要存在於通過稜鏡片20之中心位置的z方向 之線上。例如，將導光體12,反射構件18及稜鏡片20,僅 由第8圖之CL在右側之部分來構成，並可使觀察者在CL 上作觀察（此時，CL並不是稜鏡片20之中心線）。 以上表示本發明之實施例及比較例。尙，於以下之實施 例及比較例的各特性之量測由下述所進行。 一 平·均傾斜角（ea)之量測 •19- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱） ------------ 农 ill·—--訂--------•線· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 504558 五、發明說明（18) 按照IS04287 / 1 - 1 987求出。作爲觸針採用了 010-2528(1 # mR，55°圓錐、鑽石）的觸針式表面粗糙計（東京精器（股） 公司製沙富哥姆570A)，將粗糙面之表面粗糙度以驅動速度 0.03mm/秒來量測。並由此量測所得的圖表，減去其平均線 補正傾斜，依上述式（1 )及（2 )式計算求出。 光度半振幅（h a 1 f - a m d 1 i t u d e )之量測 作爲光源採用冷陰極管，對反流器（invert er)(哈里遜 公司製1 ( 7 - 742A)施加DC14V來高頻點燈。光度分佈係在 導光體之中央具有之針孔的黑色紙使針孔位置在導 光體之中央而固定於導光體上，並調整至亮度計 (Luminance meter)(美樂達公司製nt-Γ )之距離爲量測 圓成8〜9mm，在與冷陰極管之延伸方向平行的方向，調整 爲測角計（gon i 〇 )旋轉軸在通過針孔的旋轉中心周圍旋 轉。作爲冷陰極管之耐久（ageing)時間以經過30分以上 後，一邊使旋轉軸至+80°〜-80°以5°間隔旋轉，由亮度計 量測射出光之光度分佈。求出光度分佈之最大峰値角度及 半振幅（峰値1 / 2之分佈擴大角）。 面內亮度比之暈測 作爲光源採用冷陰極管，對反流器（哈里遜公司製H1U-742A)施加DC14V予以高頻點燈，以維持從面光源裝置之 表面30 cm之距離來配置之亮度計（美樂達公司製^ t-Ι。）， 改變該亮度計之位置，量測面光源裝置之中心位置，從該中 心位置與冷陰極管垂直的方向左右離開8cm位置之合計3 點亮度，以該等中對最大亮度値的最小亮度値之比作爲面 內亮度比。 -20- 504558 Α7 Β7 五、發明說明（、？） [實施例1] 採用一方之面.爲鏡面，另一方之表面爲粒徑125〜149// m之玻璃珠（不二製作所公司製FGB-120)，從10cm之距離 以吹噴壓力4kg/cm2進行珠擊處理作粗糙面的金屬模，由 於射出成形丙烯酸樹脂（三菱麗絨（股）公司製亞克力彼特 VH5#000)，獲得一方之主面爲鏡面，另一方之主面爲平均 傾斜角2.9°之粗糖面的195 111111\ 253腿，最大厚度3 111111最 小厚度1 mm之楔子板狀之導光體。以對應於該導光體之 長度2 5 3 mm之邊（長邊）一方之側端面（厚度3 mm之部分）相 對，沿該長邊配置了冷陰極管。然後，在其他之側端面貼上 光擴散反射薄膜（東麗（股）公司製E60)，相對於粗糙面之 相反面（背面）配置反射片，並配置了光源反射器（股）公司 麗光製特注銀反射薄膜）。將以上之構成組裝入框體。載 置稜鏡片於該導光體前之射出光光度分佈之最大峰値，係 從法線方向70°而其半振幅爲27° 。 一方面，表面被粗糙化的厚188// m之聚酯薄膜採用丙 烯酸系紫外線硬化性樹脂以頂角65,40°，節距50/zm之 稜鏡列，於稜鏡列排列方向配置中央傾斜角爲0°稜鏡列， 並使該傾斜角之變化率形成0.7 1 6 1 ° /cm以多數稜鏡列平 行排列來形成，獲得195 mm X 2 5 3 mm之稜鏡片。而各稜鏡 列之傾斜角在-7°〜+ 7°之範圍內。 將該稜鏡片，以棱鏡列排列面朝向導光體之光射出面側， --載置浪鏡稜線與導光體之光入射-面成爲平行。而求出依 如·以上所獲得的面光源裝置之正面亮度乃爲 -2 1 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 3PC--— — 訂· I I I I--I . 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 504558 A7 _B7_____ 五、發明說明（/ ) 2 5 24cd/cm2 〇 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 又，如第10圖所示，關連於X方向的面光源裝置之中心 位置To,及從該中心位置在X方向左右8 cm之位置T1，T2 之亮度，由配置在自面光源裝置離開，距離d = 3 cm的位置 而T0，T1，T2正上方之位置S0，S1,S2的亮度計量測。並依 據此算出面內亮度比。將其結果表示於第Π圖之圖表。 [比較例1 ] 作爲稜鏡片除採用全部之稜鏡列傾斜角爲0 °者以外， 與實施例，同樣組裝了面光源裝置。並求出所得面光源裝 置之正面亮度爲243 Ocm/cm2。 又，與實施例同樣量測亮度，算出面內亮度比。將其結果 表示在第11圖之圖表。 從以上之實施例1及比較例1之結果來看，依本發明，可 知於廣闊地視點位置範圍獲得高面內亮度比。 [產業上之利用可能性] 如以上依本發明，提供一種以聚焦於觀察位置用來發出 照明光，故在近距離觀察不產生畫面視認性之不均勻。容 易可大面積化的邊緣照明型面光源裝置。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 符號說明 12...板狀導光體 12-1，12-2.··導光體端面（光入射面） 12-3...光射出面 12 ·4…背面- - 一 14，14’…線狀光源 -22- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 504558 A7 __B7五、發明說明（一） 18...光反射構件 2〇…光行’進方向轉換稜鏡片 20a...棱鏡部 2 Ob…片狀基材部 α…棱鏡之頂角 傾斜角 r ...變化率 N…片面法線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -23- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐）X Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy — H After entering the Heng bend. The flaky mirror-like edges are focused and focused, and are set in | set. The person who set it up to look at the side of the infra-equivalent system at the near-line position should focus on the tree made by X in the focal side. The intersection is straight when the main direction is the most suitable. The ester of the formazan P acid light and the ene-like shape of the acrylic acid form the base. The body of the body is backed by light. Guideline 7} »-A Dilian's Zaiguanjiong 97 2 X 10 (2 Gage A4 S) N (C quasi-standard home country. A moderate ruler sheet of paper — __B7___ V. Invention Note (4) The purpose of the month, and the methyl methacrylate is more than 80% by weight is ideal. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page.) By arranging the light guide. When forming the surface structure of a lens line such as a convex lens line or forming a surface structure made of a rough surface, a transparent synthetic resin plate may be formed by using a mold member having a desired surface structure as a hot press, and may be extruded. It is also possible to provide a shape while producing a guide or a cymbal by injection molding or the like. It is also possible to form a light guide or a cymbal at the same time using a heat or light-hardening resin. At this time, the inner surface with a light guide or a cymbal and a rough surface structure or a lenticular lens array are formed. The surface of the lens array structure such as a tandem can also be made with a different refractive index. Furthermore, polyester resin, acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, vinyl chloride resin, polymethacrylic acid On transparent substrates such as amine-based resins and transparent substrates, it is also possible to form a part made of an active energy ray-curable resin and having a rough surface structure or a lens array structure such as a lenticular lens row or a queue. A sheet having such a rough surface structure or a lens array structure may be bonded and integrated on the transparent substrate of the column by means of adhesion, fusion, or the like. As the active energy ray-curable resin, a multifunctional ( Polymer meta) acrylic compounds, vinyl compounds, (polymer meta) acrylates, metal salts of allyl compounds (polymer meta) acrylic acid, etc. Printed on the 5th to 8th by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Although the light focusing device in the figure realizes the focusing state on the XZ plane, as shown in Figure 4, it has the function of deflection of light in the YZ plane that uses the chirping effect on the exit surface. When arranging, you can also achieve the focusing state in the YZ plane. The modal diagram of the light focusing device in the YZ plane is shown in Figure 9. -18- This paper scale applies Chinese national standards (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 504558 A7 __B7_ V. Description of the invention (7) The light focusing device shown in Figure 9 is related to the direction of the line-shaped light ( Y direction) is formed by bending the lower surface (incident surface) of the cymbal 20 into a convex shape. That is, by implementing this, the light emitted from the cymbal refracted on the top 20-2 is entirely focused in the YZ plane. (Depending on the distance from CL, the farther the angle is, the greater the deflection angle). The degree of curvature (curvature) is set according to the position of the observer, and is set by focusing light near the position of the observer.尙 As shown in Figure 4, when using the 稜鏡 refraction effect on the exit surface to arrange the 稜鏡 for deflection of the light in the YZ plane, to achieve the focusing state in the YX plane, the light guide 12 in the YZ plane can be The light exit surface 12-3 or the back surface 12-4 is curved in a convex shape. Thus, light focusing in the Y-Z plane and light focusing in the X-Z plane are performed independently. In addition, the light focusing device in the X-Z plane as described above may be used in combination of plural numbers, and the light focusing device in the Y-Z plane as described above may be used in combination. At this time, the curvature radius and the like of each portion are appropriately set so as to achieve a focused state at a desired position. In the above description, the observer observes on the CL, and this CL is the one passing through the center position in the X direction of the associated prism sheet 20, but the position of the observer does not necessarily need to exist at z passing through the center position of the diaphragm 20. Direction line. For example, the light guide 12, the reflecting member 18, and the cymbal 20 are constituted only by the CL on the right side of FIG. 8 and the observer can observe on the CL (at this time, the CL is not the cymbal 20 Center line). The examples and comparative examples of the present invention have been described above. That is, the measurement of each characteristic in the following examples and comparative examples was performed as follows. Yiping · Measurement of average inclination angle (ea) • 19- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) ------------ Nongill · —- -Order -------- • Line · (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 504558 V. Description of the invention (18) Calculated according to IS04287 / 1-1 987. As a stylus, a stylus-type surface roughness meter (010 # 25R, 55 ° cone, diamond) was used (Tokyo Seiki 570A, manufactured by Tokyo Seiki Co., Ltd.), and the surface roughness of the rough surface was changed to Measured at a driving speed of 0.03mm / sec. Then subtract the average line correction slope from the graph obtained from the measurement, and calculate it according to the above formulas (1) and (2). Measurement of photometric half amplitude (ha 1 f-amd 1 amplitude). As a light source, a cold cathode tube was used. DC14V was applied to an inverter (1 (7-742A) manufactured by Harrison Co., Ltd.) for high-frequency lighting. Photometric Black paper distributed with pinholes in the center of the light guide so that the pinholes are located in the center of the light guide and fixed to the light guide, and adjusted to a Luminance meter (nt-manufactured by Merlot Corporation) Γ) The distance is measured from 8 to 9 mm, and the rotation axis of the goniometer (gon i 〇) is adjusted around the rotation center passing through the pinhole in a direction parallel to the extension direction of the cold cathode tube. As a cold cathode tube The ageing time is after 30 minutes or more, while rotating the rotation axis to + 80 ° ~ -80 ° at 5 ° intervals, the luminosity distribution of the emitted light is measured by the brightness measurement. The maximum peak of the luminosity distribution is obtained. Angle and half-amplitude (peak of 1/2 of the distribution expansion angle). The halo measurement of the in-plane brightness ratio uses a cold cathode tube as the light source and applies DC14V to the inverter (H1U-742A manufactured by Harrison) for high-frequency lighting. To maintain a distance of 30 cm from the surface of the surface light source device Luminance meter (^ t-I, manufactured by Merlot), change the position of the luminance meter, measure the center position of the surface light source device, and leave the total 3 points from the center position perpendicular to the cold cathode tube at a distance of 8 cm from the left and right Brightness, the ratio of the minimum brightness 对 to the maximum brightness 该等 among these is used as the in-plane brightness ratio. -20- 504558 Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention (,?) [Example 1] One surface is used as the mirror surface, the other is One surface is made of glass beads with a particle diameter of 125 ~ 149 // m (FGB-120 manufactured by Fuji Co., Ltd.), and bead-blasted with a blowing pressure of 4kg / cm2 from a distance of 10cm to make a rough metal mold. Molded acrylic resin (Acrylic VH5 # 000 made by Mitsubishi Revelation Co., Ltd.), the main surface of one side is a mirror surface, and the other main surface is a 195 111111 \ 253 leg with a coarse sugar surface with an average tilt angle of 2.9 ° A wedge plate-shaped light guide with a thickness of 3 111111 and a minimum thickness of 1 mm. Opposite the side end (the part with a thickness of 3 mm) of one side (long side) corresponding to the length 2 5 3 mm of the light guide. A cold cathode tube is arranged on the long side. A light diffusion reflective film (E60 manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) is attached to the side end surface, a reflective sheet is arranged on the opposite side (back side) of the rough surface, and a special silver reflective film manufactured by Liguang Corporation, a light source reflector (company), is provided. ). The above structure is assembled into a frame. The maximum peak value of the photometric distribution of the light emitted from the cymbal placed in front of the light guide is 70 ° from the normal direction and its half amplitude is 27 °. On the one hand, a 188 // m thick polyester film with a roughened surface is made of acrylic UV-curable resin at a top angle of 65,40 ° and a pitch of 50 / zm, and is arranged in the center of the line. The inclination angle was 0 °, and the rate of change of the inclination angle was 0.7 1 6 1 ° / cm. The inclination was formed in parallel with most of the indentations, and a 195 mm X 2 53 mm plate was obtained. The tilt angle of each row is in the range of -7 ° ~ + 7 °. The diaphragm is arranged with the prism array facing toward the light exit surface side of the light guide, and the ridge line of the placing mirror is parallel to the light incident-plane of the light guide. And the front brightness of the surface light source device obtained according to the above is -2 1-This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before (Fill in this page) 3PC ----Order III I--I. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 504558 A7 _B7_____ V. Description of Invention (/) 2 5 24cd / cm2 〇 (Please read the note on the back first Please fill in this page again.) Also, as shown in Figure 10, the center position To of the surface light source device related to the X direction, and the brightness T1, T2 from the center position to the left and right 8 cm in the X direction are arranged by From the surface light source device, the distance d = 3 cm from the position of T0, T1, T2 directly above the position S0, S1, S2 brightness measurement. The in-plane brightness ratio is calculated accordingly. The results are shown in the graph in FIG. [Comparative Example 1] A surface light source device was assembled in the same manner as in the Example, except that all of the stigma tilt angles were 0 °. The front brightness of the obtained surface light source device was determined to be 243 Ocm / cm2. The brightness was measured in the same manner as in the example, and the in-plane brightness ratio was calculated. The results are shown in the graph in Figure 11. From the results of the above Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, according to the present invention, it is known that a high in-plane brightness ratio can be obtained over a wide range of viewpoint positions. [Industrial Applicability] As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for emitting illumination light by focusing on an observation position, so that non-uniformity of screen visibility does not occur in close observation. Edge light type surface light source device that can easily be enlarged. Description of Symbols Printed by Employees' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 12 ... Plate-shaped Light Guides 12-1, 12-2 ..... End Faces (Light Incident Surfaces) of Light Guides 12-3 ... Light Emission Surfaces 12 · 4… Back side--14,14 '... Linear light source-22- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 504558 A7 __B7 V. Description of the invention (I) 18 .. .Light reflecting member 20. Light travel direction conversion cymbal 20a ... Prism part 2 Ob ... Flake base material part α ... Vertical angle inclination angle of the prism r ... Change rate N ... One-sided normal (Please Read the notes on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -23- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)