TW496038B - Electronic circuitry - Google Patents

Abstract

Electronic circuitry having two circuitry parts each having timing signal generating and distribution means using signal path provisions exhibiting endless electromagnetic continuity affording signal phase inversion with associated regenerative active means so as to serve as source of said timing signals, further comprises inter-connection between the signal path provisions of each of the circuitry parts over an electrical length and at positions of the signal path provisions to coordinate mutual frequency and phase coherence of the circuitry parts, and bidirectional data transfer means at each circuitry part further co-ordinated with the coordinated timing signals.

Description

496038

Scope of the invention The present invention relates to electronic circuits that are used in combination (time signals for data communication or transmission). These electronic circuits are as convenient and reliable in the application as the patent under examination, and the case number is GB 00/04 8 9 1 Better and universal electronic circuit, and this patent application is the mother case of this division. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION GB 0 0/04 8 9 1 application includes the distribution of repetitive pulses or periodic signals for effective integration or synergy. Methods and devices for the broad concept and implementation of the King Motion device used to manufacture or maintain these signals. Synchronous generation and configuration of timing signals, including a main clock, contribute to a hybrid electromagnetic / semiconductor structure. The signal path shows that the ring-shaped electromagnetic continuity conveniently facilitates the phase reversal of the signal provided by an associated path regeneration device to supply an electromagnetic wave signal. In the groundbreaking correlation principle, the time constant for a repetitive pulse or periodic signal is related to the signal path Is effectively defined by the electrical length of the signal path. When an electromagnetic wave is transmitted across the signal path When determining the time constant, the transmitted electromagnetic wave is preferably recirculated in the ring-shaped electromagnetic continuity signal path. In particular, this has the ability to directly generate a pulse-like periodic signal with a natural rise and fall characteristics, that is, When it is generated, it is already a square wave, and it is not necessary to perform a square wave operation on a fundamentally substantial sinusoidal signal as is known. Indeed, this electrical length / signal crossing time constant definition principle is convenient. And beneficially cause the electrical length or a signal to traverse. First, a unipolar half-cycle signal offset is effectively defined. -4-This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm). Binding

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His (or in the next signal crossing) effectively completes the definition of a full bipolar cycle that includes two opposite half-period shifts. For each of these full bipolar periods, two consecutive pulse offsets, the electrical length therefore corresponds to 180 degrees. ,. In particular, a signal having a transmission wave nature uses a signal configuration path 'which has a suitable propagation nature for it, typically in the form of a ring transmission line, and further has a transposition effect and an inverse action related to the recirculation of a desired signal. The repetitive cycle signal involves a recirculating transmission wave propagation device, which also provides rotation by the desired transmission wave, and uses an active regeneration device with switchable and large nature, convenient bidirectional inverting amplifiers, And supply energy demand, set the duration of each signal shift, and set relatively small rise and fall times at the end of each signal shift. Here is an example of a device that has the desired transposition effect relative to the active inverting device = a suitable transmission wave propagation device, as shown by the transversal transmission wave, twisted along the actual width to connect The input and output of the opposite end to the inverting device, such as a frequency band or band. The two-dimensional implementation of the transport wave propagation device can use spaced paths to follow. The conductive features are sufficient for traditional transmission line forms, and the aforementioned M 0 e b 丨 us distortion effect provided by the father fork which is insulated from each other by these spaced conductive features. An alternative is to use a transmission line inverting transformer in the form of another transmission line related to the transmission transmission device. Typical examples use spaced conductive features as trajectory organizations, each of which has a substantially equal length and is at least one connected to it. 5- This paper is compliant with the National Standard (CNi) A4 specification (210X297). Love 1

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The phaser features are transposed between the output and input, and preferably between these conduction tracks. In fact, at least the inverter feature has a range of less than 1% along the conduction feature, so it is best to have a plurality of inverter features along the conduction feature or trajectory separately. The preferred inverter device is bi-directional in nature, such as a pair of adjacent or back-to-back opposite inverters, and in this way facilitates the simultaneous and simultaneous production of similar or substantially the same inverted periodic signal components. Such a timing signal supply method has a low power loss, which is effectively limited to the transmission line and inverter operation, which means that it is limited to the near-negligible top through the inverter and is guided to the ready Controlled operating circuits, for example, via passive resistive bidirectional connection paths and / or capacitors and / or inductors or transmission line nature, or unidirectional 'such as diodes or inverters. And 'at least in principle and without process flaws, the periodic signals here provide transmission waves with no inherent preference for direction or rotation, although individually by, for example, prescribed intervals or differences between other inverter devices Can be preset or applied. Transient pulse generators and oscillators, including transmission line structures that use conductive metals and insulating dielectric layers to be compatible with IC manufacturing methods, are generally and specifically associated with these transmission lines along with regenerative circuits, traditional and convenient A ground is formed underneath and connected with an aperture. The required insulated crossover or separated transmission line transformer part likewise forms a favorable DC-unstable connection that contains, for example, the crossover aperture jump 'and causes, for example, a terminal of a bidirectional inverter as a regeneration device. Simultaneous detection and bridge rectifier action to enhance the subsequent actions of these bi-directional inverters including paper size Η Η Home Standard (CNS) A4 € i (21GX 297 & Binding

Line 496038 A7 p --------- B7 V. Description of the Invention (4) Electricity related to the power source. In addition, the generation / distribution of the circuit signals and the linkage / internal coupling are available. The theory is obtained by direct connection or by sharing magnetic and / or electric fields; and extending to different frequencies on a self-synchronizing basis, especially It is in the singular harmonic relationship. 0 Introduction to the invention. These are coupled and coordinated within the provision of timing in or between ICs, and can achieve data transmission between circuit parts including not necessarily I c. Of particular relevance, the structures and features of the present invention described in the following description and / or listed independently or in appended items in the scope of the patent application are incorporated herein. The drawings briefly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the following description and accompanying drawings, wherein FIG. 1 is an external view of a transmission line device in the case of GB 0 0/0 4 891; FIG. 2 shows a Moebius band; 3 is the outline of the one-line wave oscillator circuit; Fig. 4 is the outline of the other line-wave oscillator circuit; Figures 5a and 5b are equivalent circuit diagrams of the power distribution mode of some transmission lines; Figure 6a shows the idealization of the differential output waveform Figures; Figure 6b shows the relationship between the propagation delay of the transmission line, the electrical length, and the physical length; Figures 7 (i) -7 (ix) are the ideal patterns of the signal waveform phase; Figures 8a-8b show the transmission line oscillator The instantaneous phase of the medium one waveform; Figure 9 is a sectional view of a part of the transmission line on 1C;

496038 A7 _____B7 V. Description of the invention (5 ~) ~-~ Figures 10a and 1 Ob are the ideal shapes of the circuit shape and stop wave; Figure 11 is a partial external view of a transmission line with an inverter transformer; Figure 12 shows a pair of back-to-back inverters Figure 13a and 13b are the outline and equivalent circuit diagram of CMOS back-to-back inverter; Figure 14a is the detailed diagram of the capacitor element of the transmission line and CM0S transistor; Figure 14b is the equivalent circuit diagram of Figure 14a; Figure 1 5 Capacitor short-line connection to the transmission line is shown; Figure 16 shows a connection of a self-synchronized transmission line oscillator; Figures 17a-17c show other connections of a self-synchronized transmission line oscillator; Figure 18 is a representative figure of Figure 17a; 'Figures 19a and 19b Figure 4 shows the connection of the four transmission line oscillators; Figures 20 and 21 show the magnetically-connected self-synchronous transmission line vibrators. Figure 2 shows the π-two-magnetically-connected self-synchronous transmission line vibrator. Figure 23 shows the self-synchronized transmission line oscillations at different frequencies. Device connection; Figure 24 shows an example of a single lithium 1C clock distribution circuit network; Figure 25 shows a three-dimensional execution diagram of the timing system; Figures 26a and 26b show examples of dual-phase tapping points; Figure 27 shows a transmission line stopper with three concentric configurations; Figures 28a and 28b show a transmission line with a cross loop connection; Figure 29a shows a transmission line configuration for a four-phase signal; Figure 29b shows an idealized four-phase signal waveform; Figure 30 shows the beginning Transmission line connection; Figure 3 1 2 1C frequency and phase coordination; Figure 32 shows Mosfet type optional digital shunt capacitor, -8-This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇 × 29Ϋ ^^) 496038 A7

Figure 33 shows the capacitive load and operating data and / or power passing through the transmission line. Figure 34a The frequency and phase have coordinated the data transmission of the IC; Figure 3 4 b-3 4 e Figure 3 2a System data question; Detailed description of specific embodiments The known transmission lines are generally divided into two types: Saki type or special part or d = seal μ. The planned transmission line is neither end-capped nor * open-end c, or even the so-called endless type as understood by-Xiang; as shown in this article, ^

The end of the invention is a structural feature of the present invention, including a reason to supply—a kind of signal road name showing circular electromagnetic continuity. Install map! Display-transmission line 15 whose equipment is shown as a solid ring structure, including _ early H original 'conductor structure 17 consisting of two properly isolated orbits of almost parallel orbits and 15b and intersect at 19, and any site with conductor 17 Sale = take over customs. The length of the original conductor 17 is set to be the length of the transmission line 15 equivalent to the length of the two lines 15a and 15b and passing through the circuit 19. This structure of the transmission line 15 has a relatively flat plane of the core cord,

2 ’where just. The single-turn endless belt can obviously transform itself into two sides and two sides, but the original belt that twists and connects the two ends becomes only one side and -side 'sees the circular arrow track on the center line of the belt. Returning from any position along the belt, the original left and right sides are reversed, reversed, or any odd number of twists along the length of the belt have the same result. This kind of conductive material bears the signal path requirements of specific embodiments of the present invention, and constitutes another feature of the present invention: constructing f characteristics. The flexible substrate allows the arrangement of the true MGebius band transmission line structure, that is, torsional bending is advantageous compared to the equivalent plane crossing 19. Such as ^ formation. Flexible printed circuit boards and their fixed ICs are considered feasible

4 ^ 6038 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7 strokes. Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of a pulse generator, a real oscillator, using the transmission line 15 of Figure 1, and it also contains most of the isolated active regeneration equipment. The amplifying circuit 21 is connected between the conductive track 15a, i5b. The circuit 21 will be further explained in this specific embodiment, including two inverters 23a and 23b, connected back to back. Other regenerative devices rely on negative resistance, negative capacitance or Also suitable for non-linear, and regeneration (such as Gunn diode) or transmission line properties. Ideally, the circuit 21 is a majority and distributed along the transmission line 15, it is ideally evenly distributed; it can also be a large number of circuits of 100 or more More ideal 'circuits have a large number but each is reasonably reduced according to the actual situation. The inverters 23b of each switching amplifier 21 have a positive and negative voltage supply rail related to general operation connections, and are usually divided into V + and gnd. The input / output terminals are connected at the maximum distance between single conductors 7 and 15b, as shown in circuit 15 & 15b, so each is almost at the midpoint of the transmission line 5. Figure 4 shows the vibration The other circuit diagram of the oscillator uses the transmission line structure, but there are three crosses 19a, 19b, and 19c, so the application shown in Figure 3 has the same Moebius band type inversion / inversion / transposition properties. Transmission lines 15 are shown as rectangular and The round type is just for convenience of explanation. It can be any shape, including irregular geometric shapes, as long as the length is suitable for the operating frequency, such as' a signal leaves the amplifier 21 and goes around a "full circle" of the transmission line 15 which is an isolated circuit 15a. 15b returns after crossing 19, and effectively defines the pulse width or half-cycle vibration time of the operating frequency within the bypass time Tp. The advantages of evenly distributing the amplifier 21 along the transmission line 15 have two layers. First, the diffused discrete capacitor actively Stacked in the relevant amplifier 21 for easy suction of transmission line 15 special 10- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) binding line 496038 5. Description of the invention (8 A7 B7

The impedance Zo thus reduces the signal reflection effect and improves the poor waveform clarity. First, the signal amplitude determined by the supply voltage V + and GND will be more stable on the entire transmission line 15, and it is easy to compensate for the loss caused by the dielectric and electrical conductor materials of the transmission line. . The continuous closed loop transmission line 15 and the regenerative switch which is basically evenly distributed and connected $ 21 and 21 can look like a neat structure from any point = the same. A good rule is used for the basic electric valley and pen feel (Ce and Le) and on related to each regeneration switching system into a resonant shunt lc circuit so as to have a resonance frequency of 1 / (2 * pi * root (Le * Ce)) is greater than the self-sustained oscillation frequency F (F3, F5, etc.) of the transmission line 15. Fig. 5a is a circuit or pattern diagram of the electrical distribution equivalent of a part of the transmission line 15. Display alternately distributed resistance (R) and inductance (L) components in series, for example, R0 in series with Li and then in series with R2 'so continue to form part of loop 15a; and record 10 in series and then in series with L2, so Continue to form part of the circuit 15b; the distribution capacitors C0 and (^ are connected in parallel across the transmission line 15, that is, between the resistance / inductance element Ro / L! And the inductance / resistance element Lo / Rii of the circuit i5a and 15b Connect CG, and connect q between inductance / resistance element Li / R2 and resistance / inductance element; where the same original element basically maintains R0 = R1 = R2, L1 = L2 = L3, and C0 = C1, the displayed allocation RLC mode is expanded And the full length of the transmission line 15. Although not shown, there is actually a parasitic resistance element parallel to each capacitive element C, especially with a dielectric material. Figure 5b is another simplified alternative distribution of electrical equivalent circuit or negligible resistance mode, as shown in Figure 5a The half (L / 2) inductance component of the display quantity (L) is serially distributed instead of the component in Figure 5a. This mode helps to understand the basic operating principle of the transmission line of the specific embodiment of the present invention. -11 · This paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm)

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Installed in the start "隖 & that is, after the power is first supplied to the amplifier 21, due to the inherent sound of the amplifier 21, the sound amplification generates oscillations, so it begins to confuse and quickly quietly oscillates at the basic frequency F. The standard is within one billionth of a second . The individual signals from the inverters 23a and 23b, respectively, are reversed back to the respective amplifiers 21 after passing through the propagation delay Tp of the transmission line 15. This propagation delay Dp is a function of the resistance and inductance parameters of the transmission line ^; this function is expressed in Henry per meter and Farad (C) per meter, and includes all capacitive loads of the transmission line, and derives the characteristic impedance Z0 = SQRT ( L / C) and linear detour or propagation or phase velocity Pv = l / SQRT (L / C). Enhance the frequency, that is, select amplification to make the delay 邶 an integer half-cycle time and then divisor to produce the main lowest frequency, that is, the basic frequency F-1 / (2 * Tp), and meet the re-divider condition. All other integer multiplications of this frequency can also satisfy the divisor condition. However, the higher the frequency, the gain of the amplifier 2 will decrease, that is, decrease, so the transmission line 15 will quickly settle to the basic oscillation frequency F.

The transmission line 15 has a ring-shaped electromagnetic continuity, which develops into a strong square wave type odd harmonic wave including a fundamental frequency F which effectively enhances the oscillation with the fast switching time of the standard transistors of the inverters 23a and 23b. At the basic oscillation frequency f, including the odd-order harmonic frequencies, since the transmission line 15 is a closed circuit, no type of terminal ‘the terminal of the amplifier 21 is unloaded’ is very suitable for low power consumption and low power requirements. The inductance and capacitance per unit length of the transmission line 15 can be changed independently, which is also an advantage and desirable. Figure 6a shows the idealized waveform of the switching amplifier 21 with inverters 23a and 23b. Shortly after the start, the input / output terminals of the amplifier 21 appeared in a component vibration wave pattern of φ 1, φ 2 and continued to exist in normal operation. Wave shape φ 1, φ2 base -12-This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (210 X 297 mm) A7 ----- ____B7 V. Description of the invention (1〇) This is square and differential 'That is, the two phases are out of phase after 180 °. This differential wave pattern φ 1, φ 2 intersects at the midpoint (v + / 2) of the maximum signal amplitude (V +). This midpoint (V + / 2) can be regarded as 'zero point', because the wave shape φ 1, φ 2 has the same potential, and there is no displacement current between the instantaneous conductor tracks 15a and 15b, and any differential The voltage is present. For this preferred cyclic traveling wave characteristic of the present invention, the zero point is scanned efficiently around the transmission line 15 with very fast rise and fall times and very, clear square waves. This zero point also becomes the reference voltage for the reverse offset of the full-cycle dipole clock signal. Considering the transmission line 15, it is convenient to use the "electrical length" to express both the full length of the traveling wave and the total length S of the original guide rail 7 '. Figure gb shows the relationship between the propagation delay or bypass time (Tρ), electrical length (), and physical length (S) of the original wire / track 17. For each of the missing phase waveforms φ 1, φ 2 and the transmission line 15 that is repeatedly detoured by the traveling wave as shown, each square wave offset is equivalent to a full turn, that is, a detour time τρ, and the subsequent opposite waves The offset requires two consecutive turns, that is, two detour times (2xΤρ). One turn of the transmission line 15 has 180 ° 'electrical length', and two turns need a complete 0 °-360. The two-pole signal loop is equivalent to the full length of the original conductor 17. For example, an electrical length of 180 ° is equivalent to one turn and 1/2 wavelength 1 GHz can form a 50mm transmission line with a phase velocity (pv) equal to 30% of the speed of light (c), that is, Pv = 0. 3 * c, or 5 mm where Pv = 0 · 03 * c, or 166 mm free space, ie, where Pv = 1 * c. Figures 7 (i) -7 (ix) show that the waveform φ1, Φ2 pass through a full cycle to the beginning of the next cycle, especially at the position of 17 samples along the conductor line or the road, and the distance is the same 45 ° electrical length. . The phase indication can be track 17 according to Figure 7 (i). This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 496038 A7 _B7 5. Anywhere in the description of the invention (1 彳), That is, the transmission line 15 has two turns. For example, φ1 and φ2 waveform 15 rise / fall at 0/360 °. Set 7 (i) to time t0, and Figure 7 (ii) shows the wave pattern Φ1, Φ2 at time t0 + (0.25 Tp) after the detour 1 of the full length S of the bypass line 17 (0.125 S), which is equal to the detour 1 / 4 Transmission line 15 and 45 ° electrical length. Time t0 + (0 · 5 Tp), t0 + (0.75 Tp), t0 + (0.75 Τρ) ... t0 + (2 Tp); Bypass 0 · 25 S, 0.375 S, 0 · 5 S, ··· ·· 1.0 S and 90. , 135 °, 180. ····· 360 ° are shown in Figure 7 (iii)-(ix). Figures 8a and 8b show the offset polarity draw (as shown by the circle), the offset current (as shown by the arrow), and the instantaneous phase, covering two turns from any 0/3 60 ° position on the electromagnetic loop transmission line Transmission line (equivalent to the full length of the continuous original conductor). Fig. 7 shows only a differential traveling 'electromagnetic (EM) wave pattern (takes φ 1), but the rotation propagation along the transmission line 15 can be in any opposite direction, i.e., clockwise or counterclockwise. The other wave pattern (Φ 2) is of course different from the display wave pattern (Φ 丨). . The actual direction of rotation of the EM wave is represented by the poyntingS vector, that is, the cross product of electrical and magnetic vectors. The cross-section 19 produces a slight agitation of the signal Φ 1 or Φ 2 when the EM wave is detoured. As a result, the fast up / down transition moves at a phase speed around the transmission line, and the switching amplifier 21 amplifies the transition when switching between the supply voltages for the first time. The phases of the wave patterns Φ 1 and φ 2 of the transmission line 15 can be accurately determined from any arbitrary reference point on the transmission line 5 and the result has strong phase correlation and stability. Appropriate for bidirectional operation (really suitable for existing IC manufacturing technology and habits) Switching amplifier 21 is based on back-to-back Mosfet inverters 23a, b. This switching inverting amplifier can be equipped along the standard length of the transmission line structure in this article up to 100 〇 Pair of & Zhang scales suitable for financial projects (CNS) domain ^ χ297H ----- ~ ---

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496038 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (12) above. The bidirectional inversion operation of the switching amplifier 21 is a synchronous adjustment property. Compared with Yibai's traditional timing signal, the rise and fall times of the waveforms φ 1 and φ 2 are based on the electronic conversion time of the Mosfet transistors of the inverters 23a, b, which is indeed very fast. In addition, the transmission line 15 has any of the inverters of the two-way switching amplifier 21 which is better, and the resistance of the transistor to be low needs to be enhanced, although all parallels are useful for the same problem. Switch the inverter device so that the polarity of the waves caused by the symmetrical small handle pulses of each amplifier 21 must propagate in both directions. If necessary, guide the EM wave pulse forward to achieve the effect. Back to the previous switching amplifier The reverse EM wave pulse has the same polarity as the existing one, thus enhancing the original switching shape. Between the power supply rail and the transmission line 15 through the switching amplifier 21, the resistance path of the transistor ensures that the energy of the reverse EM wave pulse is absorbed by the power supply rail V +, GND, which is useful for energy saving. It is important to understand that it can be implemented with technologies other than CMOS, for example, using N-channel pull-up, P-channel pull-down, diodes, negative resistance devices such as Gunn diodes, Mesfet, etc. Regarding the transmission line 15, for example, appropriate media are applied to ICs and pcBs and connected into so-called microwave bands or coplanar waveguides or strip lines, and well-known formable lithographs such as resistance jacquard and etching. The dielectrics of practical transmission lines above Ic include silicon dioxide (SiO2), which is commonly used as magnetic field oxides, internal metal dielectrics, and substrate dielectrics (at least for semi-insulating devices, such as silicon insulators). 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of an example of a transmission line layer above 1C, including three metal layers 56, 58 and 60 and two dielectric layers 62 and 64. The intermediate metal layer 58 includes as shown in the figure. -15- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 496038 A7 ____B7 V. Description of the invention (13) Two transmission line cross-rail guides 15a and 15b At least approximately parallel. The upper metal layer 60 can be used as AC, and the ground 'plane is connected to the positive supply voltage v +, and the lower metal layer 5 6 is a' ground 'plane and can be connected to the negative supply voltage GNd. The dielectric layers 62 and 64 are connected to the 58 metal transmission line, grounded, and the plane 56 and 58 standards are formed using silicon dioxide. The entire display structure is based on needs, and may not be necessary in practice such as including one or one | grounding. Planar and dielectric layers 62,64. The physical space 66 between the guide rails 15a, 15b affects the differential and common mode of signal propagation. It is ideal, and the speeds must be equal, or approximately equal, in order to achieve the minimum spread of the electromagnetic field at the space 66. Use the ground plane to improve the filtering properties, such as providing the structure to drive asymmetric loads, that is, unbalanced rails 15a, 15b. The inner metal dielectric layer on the standard IC CMOS method is very thin, about 0.7 # m, Because the characteristics of the microwave band transmission line include low signal loss, it must have low characteristic impedance Zo (—used for unterminated, partially terminated, or connected termination points to reduce signal refraction to a controllable amount). Self-sustaining, unterminated, closed-loop transmission line Η has very low power consumption to maintain mobile £ 1 ^ wave oscillations, and requires minimal dielectric and conductor losses. From FIG. 5b, it must be understood that if the transmission line 15 and the amplifier 21 have no resistance loss, the transmission line 15 needs no energy except the energy required to charge the transmission line μ inductor and capacitor. The EM wave uses the entire energy of the transmission line 15 to continue to move around the transmission line 15 and is transmitted or circulated between the electric and magnetic fields, that is, the capacitance Ce and the inductance Le element. Although the transmission line 15 and the amplifier 21 must have some resistance loss, see Figure "Transmission line resistance element r" R2 'The standard resistance is very low, and the resistance loss is also very low. There is no disadvantage in using low impedance transmission line 15 and there is less capacitive load The advantage of the impact is due to the 496038 A7 _ B7 V. Invention description (14) causes the logic gate to have a "stronger" drive. Intersection 19 on 1C can be completed by "through holes" between the metal layers. It is more desirable to use only a small portion of the total length S of the transmission line 15 for each hole. There is an error in the transmission line 15 when only one amplifier 21 is connected to the transmission line, and the EM wave no longer moves around the transmission line 15 and a stop wave is generated. See Figure 10a for a single amplifier 21 and Figure 10b for a differential wave pattern. This type of amplifier does not exceed 5 ° of the total electrical length of amplifier 15. If the single amplifier 21 cannot completely "pass" or "leave" to stop the sine wave movement, the transmission line 15 will generate vibration i and change the amplitude with the same phase at the same position including Two fixed, two, zero, zone. Subsequent traveling wave operations are constructed using less separation or only a long CMOS bi-directional amplifier, although most small inverters produce smoother and faster results. The deviation structure of the amplifier 21, even only the input / output terminals, can be arranged in advance to move the EM wave in a direction around the transmission line. Transmission lines, or incorporate some known microwave directional couplers. The inverting transmission line transformer can be used to replace the crossover (19) and still have toroidal electromagnetic continuity, see 21T for details. Fig. 12 shows a pair of back-to-back inverters 23a, 23b including power line connectors and the transmission line distribution inductance (L / 2) and capacitor (C) components as shown in Fig. 5b. Figure 13a shows the N-channel and P-channel Mosfet implementations of the back-to-back inverters 14a and 14b. See NMOS and PMOS transistors for further details. Figure 13b shows the equivalent circuit diagram of NM0S (N1, N2) and PM0S (P1, P2) transistors with parasitic capacitance. The gate terminals of the transistors P2 and N2 are connected to the guide rails. -17 A4 specification (210X297 mm) 496038 A7 __B7 V. Description of the invention (15) 15a and drain terminals of transistors P2 and N2. Similarly, the gate terminals of the transistors P2 and N2 are connected to the rail 15b and the drain terminals of the transistors pi and N1. PMOS gate-source capacitors CgsPl and CgsP2, PMOS gate-source capacitors CgdPl and CgdP2, and PMOS drain-source and substrate capacitors CdbPl and CdbP2, as well as NMOS gate-source capacitors CgsNl and CgsN2, NMOS gate-source capacitors CgdNl and CgdN2, and NMOS source Both the substrate capacitances CdbN1 and CdbN2 actively suck the characteristic impedance Zo of the transmission line, so the influence on the conversion time of each NMOS and PMOS transistor is greatly reduced. The rise and fall times of the waveforms Φ 1 and Φ 2 are much faster than the previous circuit. For easy understanding of Figure 12-14, the relevant resistance element (R) is omitted, and Figure 23a shows only the transmission line 15 and the N / PMOS capacitor (see Figures 12 and 13b). Figure 14b shows other equivalent circuit diagrams of Figure 14a including the transmission line distributed inductance (L / 2) element and active capacitance coefficient Ceff:

Ceff = C + CgdN + CgdP + [(CgsN + CdbN + CgsP + CdbP) / 4]; where: CgdN = CgdNl + CgdN2;

CgdP = CgdPl + CgdP2;

CgsN = CgsNl + CgsN2;

CdbN = CdbNl + CdbN2;

CgsP = CgsPlH-CgsP2; and CdbP = CdbPl + CdbP2. The capacitive load caused by the gate, non-polar, source, and substrate connection capacitance is more ideal, as described above. The advantage of transmission lines with differential and common modes is that the parasitic capacitance inherent in the Mosfet transistor can be sucked in by the transmission line impedance Zo, as shown in Figures 14a and 14b-18-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) ) 4 Wai 038 A7 _____ B7 V. Description of the invention (16) It can be used to transfer and store energy. NMOS and PMOS transistor gates and source valleys (Cgs) appear between the signal directors 15a, 15b and the respective supply voltage rails and can be supplemented by removing the appropriate capacitance by connecting from the transmission line 15 to the supply voltage rails 'That is, the guide rails 15a, i5b are appropriately thinned. NMOS and PMOS transistors' gate-to-electrode capacitors (Cgd) appear between the guide rails 15a, 15b and the ratio between the guide rails 15a, i5b and the interval between the NMOS and PMOS transistors of the inverter 23a / b 66 And compensation. Take the non-resistance as an example. With the 0.35 Mm CMOS method, the available 5 GHz non-overlapping clock signal will inevitably result in a phase speed of 30% and the transmission line stub length (S / 2) of 9, such as capacitor shunt load distribution and dielectric constant. It was determined that the total length (s) of the conductor 17 was 18 min. The substrate contact capacitance (Cdb) of NMOS and PMOS transistors can be greatly reduced by using semi-insulating or silicon insulator technology. There is a continuous DC path directly connected to the terminals of each amplifier 21, i.e., each input / output terminal and all inverters 23a, 23b, but the characteristic of this path is that there is no stable DC operating point. This dc instability is beneficial to the regenerative effect and positive feedback effect of each amplifier 21i_21. The transmission line 15 can form a closed loop around the function logic block to obtain a "live" clock signal via "tap". The CM0S inverter can be used as a capacitor "stub" and "tap amplifier" for transmission line 15. It is also possible to get rid of resonance by eliminating the equivalent field capacitance of the transmission line, that is, thinning the rail (15a / 15b) as described above. The capacitor "clock tap" can be evenly diffused along the transmission line 15 according to the interval design. 'If the interval is less than the wavelength of the Zhen Lu signal, it will slow down the em wave propagation and reduce the characteristic impedance Zo of the transmission line 15, but it still has excellent regression____ -19- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 496038 17 V. Description of the invention (Signal transmission characteristics. In a logic logic block with a wavelength smaller than the clock signal, there is no reason for phase coordination field timing See Figure 15. For clarity, a pair of connections of transmission line 15 are not slightly deviated, although, it is customary to be opposite to each other. In addition, tap-free equipment includes optical bidirectional passive resistance, inductance or transmission line properties, or unidirectional or inverted Connections, including the transmission lines described below, are connected to each other. Most j-oscillators and transmission lines 15 can be connected or connected. Another aspect of the invention includes the phase and frequency of both, assuming any nominal frequency mismatch is small. .Resistance, capacitance, inductance, or the correct length of the connection / connection of the transmission line 'or any combination thereof, can produce a good two-way signal connection The connection or signal connection between transmission lines can be achieved using known connection technology. For example, it is used in microwave microstrip circuits, which generally includes shared phases. Electromagnetic and / or electrical communication between adjacent transmission lines. Unidirectional connections also have advantages. Connectors and connectors can be maintained Most transmission line oscillators bypass large systems, whether within ICs or between ICs, that is, synchronicity and harmony on printed circuit boards (PCBs). Specifications for the connection / linkage and cross-connection of two or more transmission lines and Kirchoff's current law is similar, but the basic principle is that the energy of any number of transmission line contacts, that is, connections or connections, is equal to the amount of output from the contact, that is, the contact does not accumulate energy. If the supply voltage does not change, the The specification becomes Kirchoff's current law. In the example, three transmission lines have one contact point, which is the simplest, but not the only one. The solution is that one transmission line has half the characteristic impedance of the other transmission line. If it is an even-numbered transmission line, the individual The characteristic impedances are equal. However, the number of impedance connections that meet Kirchoff's current law is limited. In a transmission line, Fork connection specification above ___ - 20 - this paper scale applicable Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 size (210X297 mm)

The specifications for two or more transmission line connections are the same. If the following specifications are met, there will be high-quality differential signal waveforms Φ1 and Φ2 at each point on the transmission line network 15, phase and amplitude: (i) the transmission line basically meets the electrical length (H) meets the above Kirchoff power specification (iii) phase Reversed course, the design of the unlimited number of transmission line networks and the supply voltage will meet the above three specifications, such as: • Slow and low impedance short transmission lines connected to fast and high impedance long transmission lines; and one and / or three-dimensional structures. However, in order to obtain the best waveform and the lowest parasitic power loss, the phase speeds of the common mode and differential mode, i.e., the even and odd modes must be approximately equal. Phase velocity, equal or approximately equal 'can be designed as a system that changes the capacitance of the transmission line. The supply voltage v + does not need to be constant throughout the system. Assuming the Kirchff power / impedance is maintained and a voltage conversion system is generated, combined with the synchronous trimming of inverters 23 & and 231), different parts of the system can be at different supply voltages. Operating and transmitting power in both directions between different parts of the system. Figure 16 shows the connection of two identical transmission line oscillators for frequency and phase self-synchronization. The common part of the transmission line 15m and the double-track guide is double-connected, which meets the Kirchoff power / impedance specification mentioned above, because the impedance of this part is half of the impedance (z0) of the rest of the transmission line 15i & 152, and the common part The rotational wave energy of the two transmission lines 15i & i52 is transmitted. As mentioned above, the original length S of a transmission line is a factor that determines the oscillation frequency. Therefore, transmission lines 15 and 152 using the same medium and the same length S will have the same oscillation frequency F and phase tuning. In Figure 16, each of the em waves is wound around the transmission lines 15! And 152 in the opposite direction. ______- 21-This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm)

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496038 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (19) Directional travel and circulation, see arrow 1L & 2L (or relative), similar to the case of gear engagement. This dual transmission line connection can be immediately extended to any number of "mesh" connected transmission line oscillators. Fig. 17a shows another example of two identical transmission line oscillators including transmission lines 15m and 152 connected directly to scattered bits 40 and 42 to achieve frequency and phase self-synchronization. Figure 17b shows that the passive components 44, 46 are directly connected to form a resistor, capacitor or inductor or any feasible combination. Figure 17c shows this kind of direct connection via a single device M, which may be inverters 501 and 502. A single item of equipment to ensure that there is no connection or signal reflection from one transmission line (152) to another (15), that is, there is only another way. The traveling direction of the cyclic EM wave is indicated by arrows 1L, 2L, according to the wish. Parallel transmission line pairs have reverse light waves, solid lines, but random, which means the transmission line oscillator 15 丨, and imaginary transmission, line vibrator. 152. Fig. 18 is a convenient simplified representation of the two self-synchronized transmission line oscillators of Fig. M, and a similar representation will appear in the following figure. Figure 19a shows tf four self-synchronized transmission line oscillators 15ι · 丨 connected, basically as shown in Figure 17a · 17e 'but additionally provides the fifth active transmission line timing signal source of the present invention' according to the ring of the four transmission line oscillator 15rl54 EM wave Direction 1L·L4 provides cyclic travel_waves. As shown in the center of the figure, the fifth transmission line vibrating soup device actually includes each part of the other four vibrating devices and has a ring direction of 5L, contrary to the others, especially clockwise, and 1L_L4 is the counterclockwise direction. It must be understood that this method of connecting the transmission line oscillators can also be expanded to any number and any required full pattern change to cover any required ground. Another connection is shown in Figure 19b, where the center fifth transmission line oscillator

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It is a non-cyclic type 'but not only useful but also useful for obtaining the phase required for timing signals. Fig. 20 shows that the two self-synchronizing oscillators including transmission lines 151 and 152 are not actually connected, but are magnetically connected. The purpose is to facilitate the use of extended transmission lines in order to achieve more and better magnetic connections. FIG. 21 shows another example of a magnetically coupled self-oscillating synchronous oscillator including transmission lines 151 and Η :, basically as shown in FIG. Figure 22 shows three self-synchronous transmission line oscillators including transmission lines Η !, M? And 153 by a first magnet band 52 placed between transmission lines 15! And 152, and a second place placed between transmission, 'Spring 152 and 153. Magnet with magnetic link. As the oscillating signal source, the transmission line 152 does not need any regenerating equipment. The generating equipment 21 needs only sufficient oscillating energy to be connected from the other transmission lines 151 and 153 constituting the equipment. Practically: the transmission line 152 needs a longer and larger surrounding area without the need for or with regeneration equipment 21, and does not need to cross 19; ideally it is an odd multiple of the length (3S, 5S, 7S, etc.) or at least the electrical length is at least equal to Transmission line one of 15ι and 153. Of course, there are also frequency- and phase-locked self-synchronizing oscillators at appropriate intervals (eg, using transmission lines & 153). Additional alternative examples include the use of a dielectric material (not shown) across the top and / or bottom of the rail's magnetically connected portion. It is not only feasible and practical to operate transmission line vibrators simultaneously with different frequencies. In Figure 24, the transmission lines of the two self-synchronizing oscillators have different electrical lengths. In particular, using the same transmission line equipment / material, the first transmission line ι5ι has a total conductor length S and a fundamental oscillation frequency F = F1, and has a total conductor length of the third-threeth of the total conductor length of the transmission line 15l_ ', ie 3/3, Frequency is 3F, ___-23 _ ------ This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297). 5. Invention description (21 A7 B7, 1, 52 link and synchronization The dotted arrow indicates the direction of rotation of the abdominal wave.-The connection is shown in Figures 17a-c, although other techniques can also be used. The first transmission line A of 2 steps is due to the strong third word (3). The first transmission line A is square earth. Similar results are derived from higher odd harmonics, such as Ting, 7F, etc. It is better to use t between the transmission lines of oscillators operating at odd frequency-related frequencies, ... for unidirectional, making lower natural frequency lines ( 1 $ 1) Unexcited to try to synchronize with the natural frequency line (i 52) of the car. Any number of oscillator transmission lines with different odd harmonic-related frequencies can be connected and synchronized, as shown in Fig. Ding loop transmission line oscillator can be used to generate and distribute Benchmark timing signals, such as 4 miles, in semiconductor integrated circuits (ICs); and also used in printed circuit boards (PCBs) 'such as' to fix and connect circuits including most ICs, or any other timing reference that does require Appropriate device / system for signals. Used for ICs such as' according to 1C manufacturing method and its development plan to simulate the use of industry standard SPICE technology to prove the supply potential of clock signals at very high frequencies up to thousands of GHz. Signal generation and distribution can be proactive All parts of 1C stored and used for the predetermined phase and the phase relationship between them, including many clock signals with the same or different frequencies. In addition, the operating principle of the transmission line oscillator and its self-synchronous phase connection are not only provided in any 1C. The operation circuit between ICs and ICs provides reliable timing signal services, and can be sure that the data transmission between ICs is also important and creative. The entire transmission line 15 equipment and circuit network includes the vibration soup of the regeneration circuit 21. The transmission line 15 operates for no reason, that is, The transmission line forms a closed loop. Transmission and line -24- This paper size ^ uses China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 496038 A7 ___B7 V. Description of the invention (22) The characteristic impedance Zo is very low and only the top energy is needed to maintain the vibration. Ideally, the impedance between the two guide rails 15a and 15b is evenly distributed in order to obtain a good balance and help achieve a good balance Define the differential signal waveform (φ1, φ2). If the signals Φ1, Φ2 meet this type of transmission line 15 on the transmission line 15, or close to 18 °, all the inverting amplifiers 21 are connected to the transmission line, and the phase shift is required. Resonance will occur, that is, all amplifiers 21 are operating in a coordinated state with a known phase relationship between the points along the transmission line. 5 Two types of signal energy, inductance and capacitance, that is, magnetic force and power, are transmitted to the transmission line 15. The dynamic mode is between the signal conductors 15a and 15b. If there are two common modes, it is between the signal conductors and the reference ground (if there is no ground plane above and below, it does not exist, and it is not connected by unshielded twisted-pair cables. ). CMOS inverters are non-linear operation switching and amplifying electrical components, and have low cross-conduction current loss, because normally there will be loss of transistors, inputs, gates, and outputs, and the drain capacitance including the transistor substrate capacitance is all drawn into the alternating Impedance Zo, so power consumption does not follow the general 1/2 · CV2 formula. It is generally assumed that power loss due to the addition and discharge of MOS thyristor capacitors is inevitable. However, the self-sustained oscillating nature of the transmission line 15 enables the terminals of the thyristor to be started with low power loss. This is due to the fact that the required starting energy is in the electrostatic field, that is, the capacitance field and magnetic field of the capacitance of the MOS gate, that is, the inductive field elements of the transmission line. Therefore, the energy contained in the transmission line 5 will not be completely lost, but is actually circulating. Energy saving applies to all operating thyristors of transmission line 15. It is envisaged that such low-loss efficiency transmission line oscillators can be used as timing ICs in many previously popular logic systems. This system has been abandoned because it cannot be used. The original —_-25-This paper standard applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications ( 210X 297 mm)

There are some problems, such as clock offset, clock distribution, power consumption ', etc. Examples of such non-consumable logic configurations include polyphase logic and energy recovery or adiabatic switching logic. Such logic configurations are well known to those skilled in the art. π Jin Figure 24 shows the clock distribution circuit network for a single lithium IC 68 (as in the other figures, not to scale). There are many transmission lines in IC 68 as shown in the circuit nL. The intermediate circuits 1L-10L and 13L all have the same active length (such as s above) and oscillate at frequency F, while the circuits 11L and 12L each have shorter lengths. The circuit length (S / 3 as above) and oscillates at 3 F. Jiu Road 1L-8L and 11L-13L are full transmission, 'Quanzhen toilets include regeneration equipment, and 9L and 10L are the first four transmission lines, respectively 1L, 3L, 4L, and 5L; 4L, 5L , 6L and 8L. The 13L transmission line (15) is extended to the side near the edge of the IC 68 (ie, the scribe line) so that it can be connected to a separate single-lithium Ic with a similar configuration, using a magnetic connection to lock the frequency and phase of the flip chip, as described above. Separating the frequency and phase lock of a single lithium plutonium is very useful for hybrid systems. Figure 25 shows the feasibility of a π 亘 phase-connected transmission line oscillator three-dimensional circuit network for signal distribution, especially a simple pyramid configuration, although any other structure can achieve the desired operation, no matter how complicated, as long as it meets the electrical length related to the connection specification , Impedance coordination, phase requirements for any data transmission, etc. ICs can be designed for any structure in order to achieve the required total frequency and phase-locked coherence, including oscillators used for two or more self-sustaining transmission lines, in order to reach all 1 (3 related logic and processing blocks). Synchronous control and operation of data processing operations.

496038

Figure 26a shows an example of a bi-phase tapping, called x, using a pair of CMOS inverters 70 and 70 to connect the transmission line guide A to obtain equal orbits 15a and 15b to provide a field clock at and / Or press logical box 72! To assign. Although the logic is 72, as shown in the figure, it is closed on the transmission line 15 1 '. In addition, it includes logic block 722 and auxiliary inverters 703, 704 in addition to the area of the transmission wheel J, and 15% of the area of the spring. , Fenweishe think of a 3 / 〇4 and the guide rails 15a, 15b of the crossover transmission line 15. If necessary, Daluo records Gu Jinxuan Wanwei 72 丨 and / or 722, and transmission line 15 can tap multiple pairs of inverters 70, including sacrificial material, pans,%, and any field phase required by logic 72. See dotted line. The ability to accurately select the oscillating clock signal φi, the ability of the middle 2 allows complex pipeline logic and polyphase logic (see Figure 29 below) to be controlled. Figure 26b is different from the above, in which logical blocks% and% are replaced by processing elements 73, '732, respectively. Although more elements can be used, and-or more transmission lines can be used for timing-or more processing elements. Two or more processing elements can operate independently and / or in combination, that is, in parallel to achieve very fast and powerful data processing ICs / systems. Fig. 27a shows transmission lines 15 to 153 of decreasing physical length in a three concentric configuration. However, each of the three transmission lines 15 to 153 can be made to oscillate at the same frequency, whether it is equipment or each of the shorter transmission lines 1 and 1 53 which is reduced by increasing the unit length inductance and / or capacitance. EM wave rotation speed. In addition, the transmission line 15 ^ 153 may optionally have one or more operational connections 70 and 72 to achieve synchronization of the three transmission lines 15 丨 ~ 153. The advantages of this connection 70, 72, except for synchronization, can be (i) as a single multi-fiber transmission line for transmission lines 15l to 153; ⑴) has a small guide (15a, 15b); _____- 27- this paper size Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297mm)

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496038 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (25) (iii) Covers a larger eight o'clock range; (iv) Generates less skin-effect loss; and (v) Generates less crosstalk and connection. Figure 28a shows that the transmission line has a crossover circuit connected between positions a, B, 〇, and 〇, and includes another transmission line 15c'15d, which has, in this example, a 90 ° electrical length to match A, B And the distance between C and D positions. You can choose other electrical lengths of the cross-connect, but the spacings of the A, B, C, and D positions of the operational connection are different. The cross connection allows additional tapping points in the area surrounded by the transmission line 15. The partial transmission line 15 d is connected between points A and C and is parallel to the partial transmission line 15 represented by the line 74. Similarly, a part of the transmission line i5c is connected between points B and D and is parallel to a part of the transmission line 15 represented by the line 76. Some of the transmission lines 15c, 15d, 74, and 76 will be satisfactory if the included impedance is each half of the impedance of the remaining transmission lines 15 as described above. Transmission lines 1 5 and 1 5 c d operate the connection amplifier 2 1. Figure 28b shows the crossover connection and position A'B, C, and D of the transmission line 15 relative to 78 and 80, that is, the configuration of part of the transmission line 15 instead of 74 and 76, but the application of the Kirchoff type specification again causes each part 15c '15d, 78 and 80 each have an impedance _ half of the impedance of the remaining relevant transmission line. It is considered to add an extra majority of transmission lines, for example, 1 5 c, d. It is feasible to cross the transmission line 15. Figure 29a shows a method for generating a four-phase clock signal. The transmission line 15 completes the double winding of its signal transmission limit, which is rectangular as shown in the figure, and the repeated winding can generate more phases. As shown in the example, positions A1, A2, B1, and B2 will generate a live four-phase clock signal, as generated by positions 匸 1, C2, D1, and D2. Repeated detours must be used in conjunction with the transmission line 1 5 compartments ____- 28- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 public love ^ 496038

Distance to avoid mutual connection. Figure 29b shows the ideal four-phase signal waveforms of points A1, A2, βΐ and B2, and C1'C2'D1 and D2. Figure 30 shows that the open-ended passive transmission line (15e, i5f) is connected to the closed loop transmission line 15 and has the following characteristics, 18 °. Electrical length, the tap point does not have the opposite effect, because the short circuit oscillates as a start circuit. Along the start line 15e, f, there is no amplifier 21 but the chirped inverter 23 is placed at the far end of each track 15c and 15d to reduce the risk of false oscillations. Indeed, by adjusting the oscillation of the short lines 15e, f, the transmission line 15 may have a regeneration effect and may be used for enhancement and / or stabilization purposes. Passive transmission line connections have no special requirements for impedance matching. They can be used to connect transmission lines of the same frequency or most of the same frequency. At least it is assumed that sufficient connections are established between the two systems, where the connection points have the same phase of the connection circuit network. This connection can help synchronize high-speed digital signals between ICs and the system, because non-clock signals (such as IC / system data lines) have similar delay characteristics. 'If the clock connection does not merge into the same path (such as a charged environment, Twisted pair 'transmission line), it will cause data and timing interference between different systems. Fig. 31 shows an example of coherent frequency and phase operation of two clock distribution circuit networks of two single warp ics 68 :, 682, each having ... having clock generation and distribution and Ic internal connection pairs E'F and G, Η. The related two 1Cs will produce a coherent operation, that is, at the same frequency and the same phase relationship, where the electrical length of each connection is about 180 ° or satisfies 360 ° · η + 18 (Γ, where η is 0 or an integer. A single pair of 1C Interconnections (E, F or G, Η) will cause frequency and phase lock. More than one pair of 1C internal connections (E, F, and G, as shown) will cause clockwise or rotational lock. Figure 3 1 shows the first and second short-circuit connections 82 and 83, although any one -29 «This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specifications (210 X 297 mm)

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Line 496038 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (27) The connection can be more. The first stub connection 82 has a total electrical length of 180 ° to assist stable operation. The second short-line connection 83 is an open type, and also has an electrical length of 180 ° and contributes to stable operation. This type of stub connection 82, 83 is particularly useful for non-1C applications of the present invention, where the rail definition is less precise than for ICs. The impedance of the connection pairs E, F and G, Η and connections 82, 83 can be any value in normal operation. Once these connections are energized, there is no net current for phase correction. However, ideally, the impedance of these connections E, F and G, Η and 82, 83 is greater than the impedance of the 15 transmission line oscillator connected. These connections support stationary EM waves rather than moving EM waves. The connection of Fig. 31 can also be applied. · Within 1C, between 1C, 1C and PCB and / or any system other than 1C, ie PCB to PCB. Figure 32 shows that an optional digital shunt capacitor is made outside the Mosfet transistor. The optional digital shunt capacitor shown in Fig. 32 can be operated to connect the transmission line 15 and control the slightly delayed mobile EM) skin, that is, the oscillation frequency can be controlled. This delay is useful for fine adjustment of the transmission line frequency. As shown, the eight shunt capacitors are assembled by Mosfet transistors. Mosfet transistors M1, M2, M5 and M6 are PMOS transistors and Mosfet transistors M3, M4, M7 and M8 are NMOS transistors.

Mosfet M1, M3, M5, and M7 have drain and source terminals connected to internal transmission line conductors. For example, 15a and Mosfet M2, M4, M6, and M8 have drain and source terminals connected to external transmission line conductors 15b. Mosfet Ml, M2, M5 and M6 substrate terminals are connected to the positive voltage supply rail V + and Mosfet M3, M4, -30- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) binding

496038 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (28) The substrate terminals of M7 and M8 are connected to the negative voltage supply rail GND.

The Mosfet M1 and M2 gate terminals are connected together and controlled by the control signal CS0, and the Mosfet M3 and M4 gate terminals are connected together and controlled by the control signal CS0 in the reverse direction. Similarly, the gate terminals of Mosfet M5 and M6 are connected together and controlled by the control signal CS1 and the gate terminals of Mosfet M7 and M8 are connected together and controlled by the control signal C S 1 in the reverse direction. The following is a truth table of the capacitance given to the transmission line 15 by the Mosfet shunt capacitors (Ml-M8), that is, 'Mosfet open f'. CS0 CS1 Mosfet 'On' Mosfet, Off, 0 0 M1-M8-0 1 M1-M4 M5-M8 1 0 M5-M8 M1-M4 1 1-M1-M8 Ideal, connect to, internal, and external ' The number and size of the shunt capacitors of the transmission line guide rails 15a, 15b should be the same, that is, balanced. Although eight Mosfet shunt capacitors M1-M8 are shown, as long as the transmission line 15 is balanced as shown in FIG. 32, any number of Mosfet shunt capacitors having an appropriate size and capacitance can be used. Other constructions used to make controllable digital shunt capacitors may or may not be made with Mosfet transistors. A known example uses Mosfet. For example, a two-bit weighted Mosfet capacitor can be used. In addition, for example, the M0S capacitor supply variable capacitor includes a variable reactor and a P / N diode. Capacitors repeat the standard pitch arrangement along the transmission line to facilitate impedance distribution. _-31-This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 496038 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (29) Figure 33 shows how to arrange the path of data and / or power through the transmission line and by A device 88 similar to a railway sleeper is ideally placed under the guide rails 15a, 15b at a standard pitch in order to change the capacitive load. Alternatively, the device 88 may be placed above and / or below the transmission line guides 15a, 15b. As shown in the sectional view, the tracks 15a, 15b are preferably placed on the metal layer and insulated from the device 88, such as the silicon oxide layer 92. This device 88 has the function of increasing the capacitance of the transmission line and is used to change the impedance of the transmission line, i.e., the EM wave moving speed. This device 88 can also be used to arrange data and / or power paths 99. As shown, the arrangement data and / or power path 99, because the clock signals Φ1, Φ2 above the transmission line 15 are differential, and these clock signals Φ1, Φ2 have no effect on the arrangement data and / or power signals. The bidirectional switch (21) uses inverters 23a, 23b as clock frequency synchronous rectifiers, because it can be estimated from most of the resistance paths to the GND negative voltage supply rail and most to the V + positive voltage supply rail. Therefore, the back-to-back NMOS and PMOS transistors (see Figure 22b) composed of inverters 23a and 23b must be switched to a state by the burst of EM waves on transmission line 15 of which are two 'on' transistors (NMOS and PMOS, respectively) Connect most of the negative transmission line rails to the on-site GND supply of the NMOS transistor and the on-site V + supply to the PMOS transistor. The two pairs of NMOS / PMOS transistors are alternating due to the opposite polarity of the burst EM wave signal caused by the synchronous rectification of the bridge rectification, for example, the bidirectionality of the DC-AC-DC conversion mode. Therefore, the transmission line 15 can draw and steer current in both directions, so as to supply current to the transmission line when the on-site supply voltage is greater than 15 voltages on the transmission line, and to draw current when the on-site voltage supply rail voltage is less than the transmission line voltage, and the transmission line 15 is used in this mode as See the following table for electrical conductors: _-32- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) binding

Line 496038 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (30)

Input PMOS1 on, NMOS 丨 on 'PMOS, off, 15a = GND 15b = V + PI (15b is connected to the field V +) N2 (15a is connected to the field GND) N1, P2 15a = V + 15b = GND P2 (15a is connected to the field V +) N1 ( 15b connection on-site GND) N2, PI When the parallel 1 resistance is compared with the series DC resistance of the supply connection, this type of electronic cycle is particularly suitable for IC processing technology with a gate length less than 0.1. This kind of synchronous rectification can be used as a power distribution standard in some places where 1C cannot supply power, and it can be particularly used in a 'charge pump' circuit, that is, DC-to-DC current conversion. The other basic capability is DC to AC current conversion and vice versa. Others, of course, can be applied to known on-chip transformers. Known possibilities are to reach the highest possible frequency of logic circuits with impossibility to switch apart, including the development of related semiconductor manufacturing techniques. It is true that the equipment of the transmission line itself must cooperate with the 1C processing technology. Smaller and faster transistor devices will naturally produce shorter and faster transmission line oscillators for higher clock frequencies. Other possibilities include keeping power consumption low; irrelevant applications, any capacitor and inductive connection can resonate with the transmission line, and specifically for related applications such as shift registers or pre-charge / evaluation logic. Although it proves to be advantageous, it is not necessary to use an external timing reference, such as a crystal, without PLL technology, there may be situations and applications where the application of the present invention must be combined with an external timing crystal, etc. Although this article has been described in detail in the scope of the current 1C main CMOS technology, those who are familiar with the relevant principles must understand that the present invention is also applicable to _-33- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297) (Centimeters)

Line A7 B7 31 V. Description of the invention (, other semiconductor technology, such as silicon germanium (si_Ge), gallium quinone (WAS), etc.) Finally, a very advantageous special purpose is to overcome the problems that occur at high frequency timing 'for example Among them, F > 1 GHz, no other applicable conditions that combine timing signal generation and distribution must be excluded from the predetermined range, for example, used to operate systems and devices with frequencies less than 1 GHz. Figure 34a shows two-phase 亘 connected single lithium ICs 68ι, ⑼2 are phase-locked and rotated, and additionally have two-way data latches 84 and chains 86 to facilitate the open data processing system to be connected as a coherent device for phasing and transmitting data. The connection positions above the relevant transmission line 15 are basically at various 1 (: of the connection line), there is 180 between the kappa ends, although there is generally a tolerance of at least 丨. Most ... Connection 86 can be connected between the equivalent transmission lines 15 of ICs 68 !, 682, double The nature of the twisted pair. The impedance of these IC connections 86 is ideally greater than the impedance of the clocked transmission line 15. No equal number of clock / phase and data connections are required. In addition, the data and clock transmission medium 86 have the same length and electrical coordination, so both have the same propagation delay advantage. Nominal 1 80. The phase difference represents half the clock cycle, that is, Tp, so the data pulse is increased by The high clock waveform p 丨 edge is transmitted from any 1C to other 1C, then the data will be received when or after the clock waveform p 2 edge is raised. Figure 34b shows the preferred invention information of Figure 34a as a block question 84. Data Question 84 is initiated by differential clock signals φ 1 and φ 2 edges for transmission (τχ) and reception (RX), and has a bidirectional differential input / output line, a data pulse control line that indicates TX data and RX data And clock signal waveforms φ 1 and φ 2. -34- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 496038 A7 Description of the invention (This technology is very easy to read ρη, success冋 IC 68ι, 682 pass through each of the data latches 84 at the same phase above. In addition, from 疋 u 疋 疋 ^, alum In addition, Figure 34a shows that the pairs of data latches 84 are activated at different phases, and the result is a much more favorable result. Phase Funding :: Win, and In addition to the need for synchronous switching of the transmission line 86, as a result, the ground current and the positive supply voltage are reduced. It must also be reloaded in semi-double data transmission, transmitting a total of double data bits ^, each t, each time-one bit. Data transmission (Tx) Slave-hidden other ICs, see% logic control, where φ asks, _ and logic ι = ν + and logic 0 = GND 'each coffee is equivalent to flashing 84 to transmit single-bit data in the cycle, = medium Φ Every half cycle, one data bit is from 1 (: 681 to ^ 682 and another—data bit 7C receives 68l from 1C 682. The data signal is transmitted through the transmission line 86, but the twisted-pair nature of the transmission line 86 is not disturbed. . Finally, a half-cycle useful data signal is received. When Φ1 and Φ2 are from high to low, they are 丨. The field logic state is Φΐ = 0 and Φ2 = 1. The material on c1 and the current 1 on both ICs have the same latches 84. At this time, a single bit is ordered and the data is sent in the first half of the cycle, which is Xia. Figure 34c shows a circuit to complete the data flash. Transistors ρι: νι, ρ5 and Ν5 are configured and controlled to produce differential output signals and only start. Turn on Pi and N5 to generate positive to generate a positive differential output signal, or open P5 and N1 to generate a negative differential output signal. The principle of the electric day%, p4, ⑽ and ⑼ system operation: Place and control so that the transistor ", N1," is switched to, on, where ΦBui, that is, in the transmission time. Transistors ρ2, N2, ^ N6 are operating configuration and control to switch the output transistors ρι, ni ,? 5 and N5 to 'Off', where Φ2 = 1, that is, in the receiving time. Transistor N3 is configured for operation and controlled by TX data control signal to enable phase -35-

496038 A7 __ _B7 V. Description of the invention (33) The differential bidirectional output becomes positive, that is, V +, via transistors N4 and P1, where the TX data control signal is logic. The transistor p3 is configured for operation and controlled by the τχ data control signal so that the related differential bidirectional output becomes negative, that is, GND ′ passes the transistor P4 & N1, where the τχ data control signal is logic 0. The inverter 11 is operatively configured and controlled to generate a reverse logic state of the TX data control signal. The transistor and the body N7 are configured for operation and controlled by the τχ data control signal so that the related differential bidirectional output becomes positive, via the transistors N8 and P5, where the τχ data control signal is logic 0. Transistor P7 is configured for operation and controlled by TX data control signals so that the related differential bidirectional output becomes negative. Through transistors ρ8 and Ν5, the TX data control signal is logic! . Transistor N13 is configured and controlled to properly terminate the differential transmission line 86 when receiving (RX) data signals. Transistor T13 has an operating resistance that is approximately equal to the characteristic impedance of transmission line 86. Transistors N1- 8 and P1- 8 include inverter 11 to form transmission circuit TX1 of bidirectional latch 84. Transistors N9 and N1 0 are operationally configured and controlled to receive (RX) a differential signal from the sampling data signal of capacitor C1 for the entire half cycle. Transistors Nl 1 and N12 are differential and single-ended inverters whose operating configuration and control are used to switch capacitor C1 to store charging samples to the operating configuration and control. This differential-single-ended inverter is composed of inverters 12, 13 and capacitor C2 which are configured and controlled for operation. Inverter 13 and capacitor C3 are configured as a voltage reference and inverter 12 is configured and controlled as a single-ended logic output buffer / amplifier to sample (RX'd) data signals. — -36- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297mm) 34 V. Description of the invention (Transistors N9-Nil and inverters 12 and 13 include capacitors ci and C2 to form a two-way latch 84 Receiving circuit rxi. The following is the truth table of the total operation of the data latch 84 in data signal transmission (τ) and reception (RX) ...

There is additional n-cycle waiting time (delay), but the data is received once per cycle in order. In addition, because of the I / O data latch 84, the TX and RX circuits are 180. Different's may be slightly different in order to improve the timing phase, so the data asks for the 'holding time' on $ 4, etc. to compensate for some switching delays. The circuit diagram shown in Fig. 34c does not include the conventionally required extra wave-type circuit 'but has familiar properties. The problem of the package inductance of the clear differential wave type is reduced because the GND and V + package connection currents are not caused by the output switching action of the transmission line 86. The return current is an inverse signal through the differential pair, not the supply pin. Therefore, the coordination of the package impedance and the transmission line 86 becomes easy. Figure 34d shows an internal connection IC having most unidirectional receiving and transmitting data latches. See 85 and 87. The first unidirectional pair of transmission and reception latches 87i, 85 is operated to connect two different transmission lines for transmitting data from one transmission line to another transmission line. I received a flash of 85m with 45. Azimuth delay correction, of which 45. Represents the electrical length of the clock signal for each of the connection latches 87 !, 85i. ___- 37- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 496038 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (35) Two pairs of unidirectional transmission / reception latches 852, 872 and 853, 873 87 丨 and 85! Operate in the same state, but the orientation of the delay correction is about 10 °, which represents the electrical length of the clock signal connection. Figure 34e shows that the unidirectional transmission / reception latches 85 and 87 can transmit and receive two bits of data per clock cycle. If the latches 87 and 85 each have two in-phase transmission or reception circuits for TX1 and RX1, otherwise, each has transmission and reception. Circuits TX1 and RX1. _-38- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

Claims (1)

496038 A8 B8 .C8 6. 1 _. An electronic circuit with two circuit parts, each of which has a timing signal generation and distribution device, which is supplied using a signal path, which displays ring-shaped electromagnetic continuity and provides signals with relevant active regeneration devices The phase is reversed in order to supply timing signals like a signal source. The electronic circuit further includes the signal path supply of each circuit part (via a t gas length 间 and the connection at the location of the ㈣ path supply to coordinate the mutual frequency of the circuit parts). And phase consistency, and the two-way data transmission device in each circuit part is used to further coordinate with the coordinated timing signal. 2. If the electronic circuit of the scope of patent application item 帛 丨, the connection has a circuit with the signal The electrical length of the fixed or odd multiples is substantially the same. 3. If the electronic circuit of the scope of application for item i or 2 of the patent application, where the positions of such connections in the-$ other circuit section have-corresponding to the And other circuit parts (phase difference of electrical length of children's signal path). The electronic circuit surrounding item 丨, a second different circuit part of which is in contact with the supply to further describe the timing signals transmitted along these signal paths in advance. 5. For an electronic circuit applying for item i of the patent scope, where The equal circuit part is a different integrated circuit. = The electronic circuit of the item i of the patent scope, wherein the data transmission: the set includes two time: the two-phase data latch by the two-phase differential bipolar coordinated control So that each of them transmits one half cycle of these timing signals—the data bit to the other—the latch, and two Equipment -39- 496038 8 8 8 8 A B c D, patent application scope. The two-way data latches of signals receive those data bits half a cycle below these timing signals. 7. The electronic circuit according to item 6 of the patent application scope, including such twisted connection pairs. -40- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)