CN117713692A - Sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator and expansion system thereof - Google Patents
Sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator and expansion system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117713692A CN117713692A CN202311830935.8A CN202311830935A CN117713692A CN 117713692 A CN117713692 A CN 117713692A CN 202311830935 A CN202311830935 A CN 202311830935A CN 117713692 A CN117713692 A CN 117713692A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator and an expansion system thereof, comprising an inner ring transmission line and an outer ring transmission line which are concentric, wherein the inner ring transmission line and the outer ring transmission line are regular octagon transmission lines; connecting the inner ring transmission line and the outer ring transmission line to form a mobius annular rotary traveling wave transmission line; for one vertex on the outer ring transmission line, if an extension line of a connection line between the vertex and one vertex on the inner ring transmission line passes through the center of a regular octagonal area surrounded by the inner ring transmission line, the two vertices are a pair of matched vertices; because the inner ring transmission line and the outer ring transmission line are concentric, eight pairs of matching vertexes are shared; each pair of matching vertexes comprises two vertexes which are connected with a microstrip line, and an anti-phase pair unit is connected between the two microstrip lines. The invention realizes sixteen-phase output, and obtains low phase noise by improving uniformity and consistency of circuit topology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rotary traveling wave oscillator, in particular to a sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator and an expansion system thereof.
Background
Multi-phase local oscillator signals are critical to the development of millimeter wave wireless transceivers, phased arrays, and wired systems for high data rate communication systems and radars. The generated multiphase local oscillation signals can be applied to quadrature frequency conversion, subharmonic mixing and equal shift. In high-speed wired systems, multi-phase local oscillation signals are also necessary when quarter-rate or half-rate clock data recovery circuits are employed to relax clock frequency requirements. Meanwhile, the multi-phase local oscillation signal is also important for high-frequency generation based on linear superposition. Therefore, it is highly practical to produce a multiphase local oscillator signal on the order of gigahertz with high spectral purity.
Conventional methods of generating multi-phase local oscillator signals, including frequency division, multi-phase filtering and multi-phase ring oscillators, are difficult to migrate to the millimeter wave band due to performance degradation at high frequencies and more complex specifications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator and an expansion system thereof, realizes sixteen-phase output, and obtains low phase noise by improving the uniformity and consistency of circuit topology.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator comprises a concentric inner ring transmission line and an outer ring transmission line, wherein the inner ring transmission line and the outer ring transmission line are regular octagon transmission lines; a first opening is arranged between the two top points of the uppermost part of the inner ring transmission line, a transmission line port on the left side of the first opening is marked as a first left port, and a transmission line port on the right side of the first opening is marked as a first right port;
a second opening is arranged between the two top points of the uppermost part of the outer ring transmission line, a transmission line port on the left side of the second opening is marked as a second left port, and a transmission line port on the right side of the second opening is marked as a second right port;
the first left port is connected with the second right port through a transmission line, and the first right port is connected with the second left port through a transmission line, so that the inner ring transmission line and the outer ring transmission line are connected to form a mobius annular rotary traveling wave transmission line;
for one vertex on the outer ring transmission line, if an extension line of a connection line between the vertex and one vertex on the inner ring transmission line passes through the center of a regular octagonal area surrounded by the inner ring transmission line, the two vertices are a pair of matched vertices; because the inner ring transmission line and the outer ring transmission line are concentric, eight pairs of matching vertexes are shared;
each pair of matching vertexes comprises two vertexes which are connected with a microstrip line, and an anti-phase pair unit is connected between the two microstrip lines.
The inverting pair unit comprises a first PMOS tube MP1, a second PMOS tube MP2, a first NMOS tube MN1, a second NMOS tube MN2, a first varactor Cvar1 and a second varactor Cvar2;
the source electrode of the first PMOS tube MP1 is connected with the power supply end, the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube MP1 is connected with the drain electrode of the first NMOS tube MN1, and the source electrode of the first NMOS tube MN1 is grounded; the grid electrode of the first PMOS tube MP1 is connected with the grid electrode of the first NMOS tube MN 1;
the source electrode of the second PMOS tube MP2 is connected with the power supply end, the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube MP2 is connected with the drain electrode of the second NMOS tube MN2, and the source electrode of the second NMOS tube MN2 is grounded; the grid electrode of the second PMOS tube MP2 is connected with the grid electrode of the second NMOS tube MN 2;
the drain electrode of the first NMOS tube MN1 is also connected with the gate electrode of the second NMOS tube MN2, and the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube MP2 is also connected with the gate electrode of the first PMOS tube MP 1;
the first end of the first varactor Cvar1 is connected between the gate of the first PMOS transistor MP1 and the gate of the first NMOS transistor MN1, the second end of the first varactor Cvar1 is connected to the first end of the second varactor Cvar2, and the second end of the second varactor Cvar2 is connected between the gate of the second PMOS transistor MP2 and the gate of the second NMOS transistor MN 2;
a voltage control input port is connected between the first varactor Cvar1 and the second varactor Cvar2 and is used for inputting voltage V ctr To adjust the capacitance of the first and second varactors Cvar1 and Cvar 2.
The inverting pair unit further comprises a compensation capacitor Cn, one end of the compensation capacitor Cn is connected to the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube MP1, and the other end of the compensation capacitor Cn is grounded.
The inverting pair unit further comprises a compensation capacitor Cp, one end of the compensation capacitor Cp is connected to the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube MP2, and the other end of the compensation capacitor Cp is grounded.
The expanding system of the sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator comprises at least two rotary traveling wave oscillators, when the two rotary traveling wave oscillators are connected to realize expansion, two pairs of adjacent matching vertexes in a first rotary traveling wave oscillator are connected with two pairs of adjacent matching vertexes of the other rotary traveling wave oscillator; the two rotary traveling wave oscillators are in mirror symmetry with the center of the connecting line.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the rotary traveling wave oscillator provided by the invention has sixteen-phase output, and low phase noise is obtained by improving the uniformity and consistency of circuit topology. Meanwhile, the invention provides a core synchronous expansion method with variable distance, which not only ensures the freedom of the distance between any two cores in design, but also further reduces phase noise while ensuring sixteen-phase output.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an inversion unit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of impedance discontinuities as a traveling wave propagates in a Mobius loop;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the impedance error of a port;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a multi-core expansion architecture.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.
As shown in fig. 1, the sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator comprises a concentric inner ring transmission line and an outer ring transmission line, wherein the inner ring transmission line and the outer ring transmission line are regular octagon transmission lines; a first opening is arranged between the two top points of the uppermost part of the inner ring transmission line, a transmission line port on the left side of the first opening is marked as a first left port, and a transmission line port on the right side of the first opening is marked as a first right port;
a second opening is arranged between the two top points of the uppermost part of the outer ring transmission line, a transmission line port on the left side of the second opening is marked as a second left port, and a transmission line port on the right side of the second opening is marked as a second right port;
the first left port is connected with the second right port through a transmission line, and the first right port is connected with the second left port through a transmission line, so that the inner ring transmission line and the outer ring transmission line are connected to form a mobius annular rotary traveling wave transmission line;
for one vertex on the outer ring transmission line, if an extension line of a connection line between the vertex and one vertex on the inner ring transmission line passes through the center of a regular octagonal area surrounded by the inner ring transmission line, the two vertices are a pair of matched vertices; because the inner ring transmission line and the outer ring transmission line are concentric, eight pairs of matching vertexes are shared;
each pair of matching vertexes comprises two vertexes which are connected with a microstrip line, and an anti-phase pair unit is connected between the two microstrip lines. The connecting line direction between the two top points of the inner ring transmission line is a horizontal direction. The connecting line direction between the two top points of the outer ring transmission line is a horizontal direction.
In the circuit diagram shown in fig. 1, eight anti-phase pair cells and a rotating traveling wave transmission line in the form of a mobius loop are included. The phase opposition pair is used for compensating the loss of signal transmission, and the phase difference between the two ends of the inner ring and the outer ring is 180 degrees through the phase opposition, so that the signal is ensured to be transmitted in a travelling wave mode.
As shown in fig. 2, is a detailed structure of the inverting pair unit. Wherein comprises a pair of PMOS (M P ) And a pair of NMOS (M N ) A pair of varactors (C var ) Compensating capacitance (C) P And C N ). Wherein one NMOS and one PMOS on each side of the circuit constitute one inverter, and one pair of PMOS and one pair of NMOS may constitute two inverters. Thus, the two inverters with the same size act on two points of the inner ring and the outer ring of the rotary traveling wave oscillator in opposite directions, and the phases are opposite. When all the inverting pair units operate simultaneouslyWhen the device is used for a Mobius loop transmission line, a traveling wave is excited inside the Mobius loop, and the phase of the traveling wave is shown in figure 1. Sixteen signals of different phases can be obtained.
The varactors in fig. 2 function as frequency tuning. By varying the control voltage V ctrl The capacitance of the varactor can change, and the resonant impedance of the rotary traveling wave oscillator can also change, so that the oscillating frequency of the traveling wave can change. The compensation capacitor in fig. 2 serves to adjust the impedance so that the impedance is uniform.
As shown in fig. 3, when the traveling wave is transmitted in the mobius loop, the traveling wave is not transmitted continuously due to the impedance discontinuity, thereby deteriorating the performance. In a rotary traveling wave oscillator, the point of impedance discontinuity includes: the corner of the transmission line, the junction between the inner ring and the outer ring is opposite to the junction with the transmission line. Fig. 3 (left) is a rotary traveling wave oscillator of conventional construction in which there are 28 impedance discontinuities. As shown in fig. 3 (right), the octagonal structure provided by the invention has only 20 impedance discontinuity points, so that the influence of the impedance discontinuity points on the performance is improved. If the whole rotary traveling wave oscillator is considered as a cascade of sixteen cells, we can improve the overall impedance discontinuity problem by analyzing and improving the impedance of one of the cells. As in fig. 3, considering one of the cells, the impedance seen from the two points of view will be different due to the transmission line length, the magnetic field environment. Therefore, the widths of the inner ring and the outer ring respectively are obtained through calculation and simulation. At this width, the impedance becomes more uniform. In addition, the impedance can be further finely adjusted by adding a compensation capacitor so that the impedance is consistent when seen from the two ports. As shown in fig. 4, the impedance error of the two ports was 25% before the impedance uniformity adjustment was not performed, and only 1% after the impedance uniformity adjustment was performed. Thus, the traveling wave of the rotary traveling wave oscillator has better impedance uniformity during transmission, thereby improving phase noise.
The single-core sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator provided by the invention realizes sixteen-phase output through eight anti-phase pair units. And the impedance uniformity problem during traveling wave transmission is improved by adjusting the specific transmission line structure of the Mobius loop and adding a compensation capacitor. Finally, the structure can change the operating frequency by adjusting the value of the varactor Guan Rong. Next, the two-dimensional distance variable core synchronous expansion of the present invention will be explained.
The expanding system of the sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator comprises at least two rotary traveling wave oscillators, when the two rotary traveling wave oscillators are connected to realize expansion, two pairs of adjacent matching vertexes in a first rotary traveling wave oscillator are connected with two pairs of adjacent matching vertexes of the other rotary traveling wave oscillator; the two rotary traveling wave oscillators are in mirror symmetry with the center of the connecting line. The connection mode comprises direct connection and connection by adopting a half-wavelength transmission line;
as shown in fig. 5, we two-dimensionally expand the single-core rotary traveling wave oscillator. For two connected rotary traveling wave devices, two pairs of adjacent matching vertexes of the first rotary traveling wave device and the second rotary traveling wave device are respectively provided with vertexes on two outer ring transmission lines and vertexes of two inner ring transmission lines; when in connection, the vertex on one outer ring transmission line of the first rotary traveling wave device is connected with the vertex on one outer ring transmission line of the second rotary traveling wave device; the vertex on the other outer ring transmission line of the first rotary traveling wave device is connected with the vertex on the other outer ring transmission line of the second rotary traveling wave device; the vertex on one inner ring transmission line of the first rotary traveling wave device is connected with the vertex on one inner ring transmission line of the second rotary traveling wave device; the vertex on the other inner ring transmission line of the first rotary traveling wave device is connected with the vertex on the other inner ring transmission line of the second rotary traveling wave device; and no crossover exists in the connection line;
the core expansion improves the phase noise, and if the number of expanded cores is N, the phase noise is reduced by 10 log N. The expansion mode is direct connection or connection is carried out by using a half-wavelength transmission line, and the half-wavelength transmission line has no specific shape requirement, so that the expansion of the variable distance can be realized.
When expanding, different cores can be in different environments, so that the oscillation environments of the cores can deviate. Due to the physical coupling of the rotary traveling wave oscillators, the rotary traveling wave oscillators all work at the same frequency, and slight offset between the rotary traveling wave oscillators can be avoided. According to the verification, the phase noise is reduced by only 0.6dB after applying a 10% frequency offset to a certain core of the 2 x 2 array.
In summary, the expansion of the invention can realize the aim of the synchronization of the variable-distance core, and reduce the phase noise of the oscillator.
The chip testing performance which can be finally realized by the invention is as follows: the optimal phase noise of the single-core rotary traveling wave oscillator at 10MHz is-123.8 dBc/Hz, the optimal phase noise of the four-core rotary traveling wave oscillator at 10MHz is-128.87 dBc/Hz, and the optimal phase noise of the sixteen-core rotary traveling wave oscillator at 10MHz is-134.94 dBc/Hz. Meanwhile, the frequency adjustment ranges of the two filters can reach 42.4GHz-48.4GHz,38.49GHz-43.02GHz and 42.1GHz-48.1GHz respectively. Their power consumption is 7.4mW-12.6mW,37mW-55mW and 138mW-184mW, respectively.
The invention realizes sixteen-phase signal output through the rotary traveling wave oscillator. And the structure of the Mobius transmission line and the additional capacitance are adjusted, so that the traveling wave has uniform impedance during transmission, and low phase noise is realized. Meanwhile, the rotary traveling wave oscillator provided by the invention can be used for two-dimensional expansion of the free design of the distance between the two cores, so that lower phase noise can be realized under the condition that the layout structure is more free.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator, characterized by: the device comprises a concentric inner ring transmission line and an outer ring transmission line, wherein the inner ring transmission line and the outer ring transmission line are regular octagon transmission lines;
a first opening is arranged between the two top points of the uppermost part of the inner ring transmission line, a transmission line port on the left side of the first opening is marked as a first left port, and a transmission line port on the right side of the first opening is marked as a first right port;
a second opening is arranged between the two top points of the uppermost part of the outer ring transmission line, a transmission line port on the left side of the second opening is marked as a second left port, and a transmission line port on the right side of the second opening is marked as a second right port;
the first left port is connected with the second right port through a transmission line, and the first right port is connected with the second left port through a transmission line, so that the inner ring transmission line and the outer ring transmission line are connected to form a mobius annular rotary traveling wave transmission line;
for one vertex on the outer ring transmission line, if an extension line of a connection line between the vertex and one vertex on the inner ring transmission line passes through the center of a regular octagonal area surrounded by the inner ring transmission line, the two vertices are a pair of matched vertices; because the inner ring transmission line and the outer ring transmission line are concentric, eight pairs of matching vertexes are shared;
each pair of matching vertexes comprises two vertexes which are connected with a microstrip line, and an anti-phase pair unit is connected between the two microstrip lines.
2. A sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the connecting line direction between the two top points of the inner ring transmission line is a horizontal direction.
3. A sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the connecting line direction between the two top points of the outer ring transmission line is a horizontal direction.
4. A sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inverting pair unit comprises a first PMOS tube MP1, a second PMOS tube MP2, a first NMOS tube MN1, a second NMOS tube MN2, a first varactor Cvar1 and a second varactor Cvar2;
the source electrode of the first PMOS tube MP1 is connected with the power supply end, the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube MP1 is connected with the drain electrode of the first NMOS tube MN1, and the source electrode of the first NMOS tube MN1 is grounded; the grid electrode of the first PMOS tube MP1 is connected with the grid electrode of the first NMOS tube MN 1;
the source electrode of the second PMOS tube MP2 is connected with the power supply end, the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube MP2 is connected with the drain electrode of the second NMOS tube MN2, and the source electrode of the second NMOS tube MN2 is grounded; the grid electrode of the second PMOS tube MP2 is connected with the grid electrode of the second NMOS tube MN 2;
the drain electrode of the first NMOS tube MN1 is also connected with the gate electrode of the second NMOS tube MN2, and the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube MP2 is also connected with the gate electrode of the first PMOS tube MP 1;
the first end of the first varactor Cvar1 is connected between the gate of the first PMOS transistor MP1 and the gate of the first NMOS transistor MN1, the second end of the first varactor Cvar1 is connected to the first end of the second varactor Cvar2, and the second end of the second varactor Cvar2 is connected between the gate of the second PMOS transistor MP2 and the gate of the second NMOS transistor MN 2;
a voltage control input port is connected between the first varactor Cvar1 and the second varactor Cvar2 and is used for inputting voltage V ctr To adjust the capacitance of the first and second varactors Cvar1 and Cvar 2.
5. A sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator according to claim 4, characterized in that: the inverting pair unit further comprises a compensation capacitor Cn, one end of the compensation capacitor Cn is connected to the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube MP1, and the other end of the compensation capacitor Cn is grounded.
6. A sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator according to claim 4, characterized in that: the inverting pair unit further comprises a compensation capacitor Cp, one end of the compensation capacitor Cp is connected to the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube MP2, and the other end of the compensation capacitor Cp is grounded.
7. An expansion system of a sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator, based on the rotary traveling wave oscillator according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: when the two rotary traveling wave oscillators are connected to realize expansion, two pairs of adjacent matching vertexes in the first rotary traveling wave oscillator are connected with two pairs of adjacent matching vertexes of the other rotary traveling wave oscillator; the two rotary traveling wave oscillators are in mirror symmetry with the center of the connecting line.
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| CN202311830935.8A CN117713692A (en) | 2023-12-28 | 2023-12-28 | Sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator and expansion system thereof |
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| CN202311830935.8A CN117713692A (en) | 2023-12-28 | 2023-12-28 | Sixteen-phase rotary traveling wave oscillator and expansion system thereof |
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