經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 494163 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1 ) 本發明偽有關於一種設置於鐵軌繫材或枕木下之底板 ,以及其使用。 這樣的底板像當成一種振動過濾器，用來削弱由鐵軌 及枕木傳遞至道碴，並可造成道碴損壤之強大力量。 在混凝土枕木之底面覆上覆套來當成底板的方法偽已 經存在了。 然，這樣的覆套只有在混凝土完全乾燥時才能加覆上 去，如混凝土脫模後再等待一段時間的情形，因此，蓮用 上先形成有第一階段的庫存，覆上覆套後，再形成第二階 段的庫存。 現在，這些階段的庫存及由這些庫存中取件的過程造 成消耗人力旦費用昂貴的倩形。 除此以外，該覆套非常敏感容易剝落，特別是在枕木 的邊緣處。 本發明之主要目的偽以更令人滿意的方式克服上述技 術上的問題。 上述之目的可依據本發明混凝土製成之鐵軌枕木下用 以保護道碴之底板來實現，其特徵在於該底板一方面包含 有一支持板，該支持板之頂面嵌入該混凝土中並具有與枕 木固定之裝置，且該支持板又設有排除該混凝土製造成型 時夾雜於枕木中空氣的裝置，另一方面，該支持板至少在 其底面固設有橡_覆套者。 根據第一個裝置，該固定裝置偽利用建構於該支持板 頂面上之凸件所構成者。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐厂4一 (請先閲讀背面之没意事項再填寫本頁) 、1Τ- •丨 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 494163 A 7 ____ B7 五、發明説明（2 ) 根據另一値裝置，該排除夾雜空氣之裝置偽利用貫通 支持板的管道所構成。 該管道之末端最好形成擴張狀。 根據轉化，該管道偽可建構於凸件中。 根據對於上述裝置有利的特激，該凸件傺為堅固的圓 柱體，且其頂端形成平切斷面較寛闊之頭部。 根據另一個特徽，該橡_覆套之周圍傺呈彎曲並固定 於支持板頂面之周圍者。 根據再一個特徽，該支持板的周緣傺形成勺狀者。 本發明之底板在枕木的製造過程中即與枕木相結合。 本發明之另一目的是設置使用上逑底板以産生一條鐵 路線。 當混凝土枕木被製造時，其頂面通常朝下，即底面朝 上固定，這樣特別容易當混凝土一製造成型時就固定底板 於枕木上。 此外，在枕木與底板間的機械加工連結是非常牢固緊 密的，甚致連來自被束縛於底板與枕木間之夾雜物的空氣 ，也被夾擠排空。 由於本發明中固定裝置與排除裝置的組合，致使獲得 整個底板之頂面與相對之混凝土製成的枕木表面可整齊均 勻貼合的功效。 _參閲下列實施例之描述並配合圖式，可對本發明能 有更詳盡明確的暸解，其中： 第一圖所示偽根據本發明底板一實施例裝設於枕木上 1本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐Γ5一 (請先閱讀背面之Vi-意事項再填寫本頁) •漏二 、言 494163 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（3 ) 之斷面側視圖。 第二圖所示偽根據第一圖之本發明底板之平視圖。 第三圖所不偽根據第一圖及第二圖之底板細部側視圖 第四圖所示傺根據本發明底板又一實施例之細部側視 圖。 第五圖所示偽本發明底板另一實施例之細部倒視圖。 如圖所示，第一圖顯示鐵軌枕木τ裝置上本發明之底 板s。 該枕木T偽由混凝土B所製造而成，且在其整段或部 份段長度的底端上排列鋪設有底面齊平之底板S。 該底板S的設置一方面傺經由其頂面la嵌入在混凝土 枕木T中之支持板1，而另一方面則是固設於至少在支持 板1底面lb之橡_覆套2。 該支持板1備有與枕木T固定之裝置，且該支持板又 設有排除該混凝土B製造成型時夾雜於枕木T中空氣的裝 置。 本實施例之固定裝置偽利用建搆於該支持板1頂面上 之凸件11所構成者。 該凸件11偽為堅固的圓柱體11a設置，且其頂端形成 堅固且平切斷面較寬闊之頭部lib以加強固定。 在第二圖及第三圖中的裝置顯示，該排除空氣之裝置 偽利用貫通支持板1的管道或孔10所構成者。 在這些相同的圖中顯示，該覆套2之周圍偽呈彎曲並 固定於支持板1頂面la之周圍，如此可降低剝離脫落的風 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐Tb_ (請先閱讀览面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂'-- 494163 ΑΊ B7 五、發明説明（4 ) 險。 ----------- (請先閱讀背面之义意事項再填寫本頁) 在第四圖中的裝置顯示，該管道10偽建構於凸件11内 ，最好是在中心處。 在本實施例中，覆套2亦可延著管道1〇之壁面設置， 為使通過管道10排出空氣的功效最大，使該等管道10内側 l〇a與外側1Gb之末端呈擴張狀。 在第五圖中的裝置顯示，該支持板1的周緣lc傺形成 勺狀，以增進底板的牢固性，同時也消除覆套2剝離脱落 的風險。 圖式中之參照編號： Β 混凝土 10 管道 Τ 枕木 10a 内側末端 S 底板 10b 外側末端 1 支持板 11 凸件 la 頂面 11a 圓柱騣 lb 底面 11b 頭部 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印氧 緣 周 C 1i 套 覆 β CN /—\ 準 家 國 一國 I中 一用一 一適 格 釐 公 7 29Printed by the Employees' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 494163 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (1) The present invention relates to a base plate installed under the rails or sleepers and its use. Such a bottom plate acts as a vibration filter to weaken the powerful force transmitted by the rails and sleepers to the ballast, and can cause the ballast to damage the soil. The method of covering the underside of a concrete sleeper as a bottom plate has already existed. However, such a cover can only be applied when the concrete is completely dry, such as when the concrete is demoulded and then wait for a period of time. Therefore, the first-stage inventory is formed on the lotus. Form the second phase of inventory. Inventory at these stages and the process of taking parts from these inventory now create a costly and labor-intensive form. In addition, the cover is very sensitive and easy to peel off, especially at the edges of the sleepers. The main object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems in a more satisfactory manner. The above object can be achieved according to the bottom plate of the railroad sleepers made of concrete for protecting ballasts, which is characterized in that the bottom plate includes a support plate on the one hand, and the top surface of the support plate is embedded in the concrete and A fixed device, and the support plate is provided with a device for excluding air trapped in the sleepers during the manufacturing of the concrete; on the other hand, the support plate is provided with at least a rubber cover on its bottom surface. According to the first device, the fixing device is pseudo-constructed by a convex member constructed on the top surface of the support plate. This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm factory 41 (please read the unintentional matter on the back before filling out this page), 1T- • 丨 Printed by the Central Consumers Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Consumer Cooperatives 494163 A 7 ____ B7 V. Description of the invention (2) According to another device, the device for removing air is pseudo-constructed by a pipe that penetrates the support plate. The end of the pipe is preferably formed as an expansion. According to the transformation, the pipe can be constructed pseudo In the convex part. According to the special stimulus favorable for the above device, the convex part is a solid cylinder, and the top end forms a flat head with a broader section. According to another special emblem, the rubber cover The peripheral cymbals are curved and fixed to the surroundings of the top surface of the support plate. According to another special emblem, the peripheral edge of the support plate is formed into a spoon shape. The bottom plate of the present invention is combined with the sleepers during the manufacturing process of the sleepers. The present invention Another purpose is to use the upper floor to create a railway line. When concrete sleepers are manufactured, the top surface is usually downward, that is, the bottom surface is fixed upward, which is particularly easy when concrete sleepers are used. The baseplate is fixed to the sleeper when it is manufactured. In addition, the mechanical processing connection between the sleeper and the bottomboard is very strong and tight, even the air from the inclusions bound between the bottomboard and the sleeper is also squeezed and discharged. Due to the combination of the fixing device and the exclusion device in the present invention, the effect that the top surface of the entire bottom plate and the surface of the sleeper made of concrete relative to each other can be neatly and uniformly adhered is obtained. A more detailed and clear understanding of the present invention is possible, among which: The first figure shows a pseudo base according to an embodiment of the bottom plate of the present invention installed on a sleeper. 1 paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm Γ5 I (please read the Vi-Implementation on the back before filling this page) • Missing II, 494163 A7 B7 printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Sectional side view of the description of the invention (3). The plan view of the bottom plate of the present invention is shown in the first figure. The third view is not a detailed side view of the bottom plate of the first and second figures. The fourth view is shown in the bottom view of the present invention. A detailed side view of yet another embodiment of the plate. The fifth figure shows a detailed inverted view of another embodiment of the base plate of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the first figure shows the base plate s of the present invention on a railroad tie τ device. The T pseudo is made of concrete B, and a bottom plate S with a flat bottom surface is laid on the bottom end of the entire length or a part of the length. The bottom plate S is disposed on the one hand and embedded in the concrete through the top surface la. The support plate 1 in the sleeper T, on the other hand, is a rubber cover 2 fixed on at least the bottom lb of the support plate 1. The support plate 1 is provided with a device fixed to the sleeper T, and the support plate is provided with There is a device that excludes the air trapped in the sleeper T when the concrete B is manufactured. The fixing device of this embodiment is pseudo-constructed by a convex member 11 constructed on the top surface of the support plate 1. The convex piece 11 is provided as a rigid cylindrical body 11a, and the top end of the convex piece 11 is formed with a solid and wide head section lib with a flat cross-section to strengthen the fixing. The devices shown in the second and third figures show that the air-removing device is constituted by a pipe or a hole 10 penetrating the support plate 1. As shown in these same drawings, the periphery of the cover 2 is pseudo curved and fixed around the top surface 1a of the support plate 1, so that the wind of peeling and peeling can be reduced. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297). Tb_ mm (Please read the precautions on the front side and then fill out this page) Order '-494163 ΑΊ B7 V. Description of the invention (4) Insurance. ----------- (Please read the back side first Please fill in this page for the meaning matters) The device in the fourth figure shows that the pipe 10 is pseudo-built in the convex part 11, preferably at the center. In this embodiment, the covering 2 can also extend along the pipe 1. The wall surface of 〇 is set to maximize the effect of exhausting air through the pipes 10, so that the ends of the inside 10a and the outside 1Gb of the pipes 10 are expanded. The device in the fifth figure shows that the peripheral edge lc of the support plate 1 It is formed into a spoon shape to improve the firmness of the bottom plate, and at the same time eliminates the risk of peeling off the cover 2. Reference number in the drawing: Β Concrete 10 Pipe T Sleeper 10a Inner end S Base plate 10b Outer end 1 Support plate 11 Convex la top surface 11a cylindrical 騣 lb bottom surface 11b head warp Central Bureau of Standards staff portion printed consumer cooperative oxygen circumferential edge C 1i cased β CN / - \ I quasi one country house in a cell with a a suitable well 729 centistokes