TW477151B - Method and apparatus for recovery of encoded data using central value - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for comprising data by determining a central value that is greater than the minimum value and less than the maximum value of the range of data. In one embodiment, the central value is chosen to be a value that substantially reduces a decoding error in the event that the range of values is subsequently estimated. In one embodiment, the central value is the value that minimizes the expected mean square error during reconstruction when there is an error. In one embodiment, the maximum and minimum values represent intensity data for pixels of an image. In another embodiment, the compression process is adaptive dynamic range coding, and the central value is a value within the dynamic range, excluding the maximum and minimum values.

Description

477151 A7 B7_ V. Description of the invention (1) Background of the invention 1. Field of the invention The present invention relates to data encoding processing to provide robust error recovery of data loss caused by signal transmission or signal storage. 2. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Several technologies exist today to reconstruct loss / damage data of random errors that occur during signal transmission or storage. However, these techniques cannot deal with the loss of continuous packaging data. The continuum of loss information is described as a burst error in this technique. Burst errors may cause reconstructed signals with degraded quality, which is obvious to end users. In addition, the compression technology used to complete high-speed communication combines signal degradation caused by burst errors, so it is added to the reconstructed signal. Degradation. Examples of burst errors that affect transmission and / or storage signals can be seen in high-resolution television (HDTV) signals, mobile telecommunications applications, and video storage technologies. These video storage technologies include video discs (such as DVDs), micro- Discs and VCRs. For example, the advent of HDTV has resulted in TV signals with higher resolution than the current standard proposed by the National Television System Committee (NTSC). The HDV signal mentioned is digital. Therefore, 'when a color television signal is converted for digital use', often the luminance and chrominance signals can be digitized using eight bits. The digital transmission of NTSC color television signals requires a nominal bit rate of about 260 million bits per second. Applicable to China Paper Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) for this paper size -4-(Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) -Printed clothing by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 477151 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) Higher transmission speed of HDTV 'This rate may be rated at about 12 million bits per second. These transmission rates may have exceeded the bandwidth supported by the wireless standard. Therefore, an effective compression method is needed. In mobile telecommunications applications, compression methods also play an important role. Typically, the packetized data is transmitted between remote terminals in mobile electrical signal applications. The limited number of transmission channels in mobile communications requires an effective compression method for transmission packetization. Several compression techniques can be used to achieve high-speed transfer rates. Adaptive Dynamic Range Coding (ADRC) and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) encoding provide image compression techniques known in the art. These two techniques use local co-correlation in an image to achieve high compression ratios. However, an effective compression deduction method may result in a synthetic error transmission due to errors in a more important encoded signal during subsequent encoding. This incorrect magnification may cause a degraded video image, which can be quickly seen by the user (please read the precautions on the back first ^ fill this page) i

I i an n 5, r I n · ϋ ϋ an ϋ 1 I #-Invention 槪 ask the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs to print the present invention to reduce the method to include the minimum method and Data that is smaller than the largest frame of the data frame. In one embodiment, the central receiver is selected to actually reduce a decoding error when the range is later evaluated. In one embodiment, the central frame is the frame that reduces the expected mean square error when there are errors during reconstruction. In one embodiment, the maximum 値 and the minimum 値 represent the intensity of the pixel data of an image. In another embodiment, the compression process is adapted to the dynamic range encoding, and the central unit is in addition to the maximum and -5- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 477151 A7 __B7____ V. Invention Explanation (3) The minimum value is within the dynamic range of the data. Brief Description of the Drawings The purpose, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art with reference to the following detailed description, in which: Figure 1A is an embodiment of the processing of signal encoding, transmission, and subsequent decoding. Figures 1B and 1C are embodiments of the invention implemented as software executed by a processor. Figures 1D and 1E are embodiments of the present invention implemented as hardware logic. Figure 2 is an embodiment of a decapsulation structure. 3A and 3B are differences between actual and recovered Q code levels when the dynamic range (DR) is over-evaluated according to an embodiment. For the component comparison table, please read the notes on the back. I fill in and write this book. I order this book. I order the printed product of the Intellectual Property Department of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Lost points 〇 0 0 5 5 0 〇 ·: 2 7 7 8 0 1-1 1- ^ TX IX 1-- IX οο

The device media device code input number is entered into the display and the communication record is displayed. 0 5 0 0 0 5 1 3 3 9 8 9 Γ " Η IX 1-1 1-1 1-1 1—I This paper size applies to Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -6-477151 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (3) Except for the minimum, the diagram in the dynamic range of the data will briefly explain the purpose, characteristics and advantages of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is easy to understand with reference to the following detailed description, where: FIG. 1A is an embodiment of the signal encoding, transmission, and subsequent decoding processing. Figures 1B and 1C show an embodiment of the invention implemented as software executed by a processor. Figures 1D and 1E are embodiments of the present invention implemented as hardware logic. Figure 2 is an embodiment of the decapsulation structure. 3A and 3B are differences between actual and recovered Q code levels when the dynamic range (DR) is over-evaluated according to an embodiment. Component comparison table, please read the note on the back to win I 5 packs. 〇1-1 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 0 0 5 5 0 2 7 7 8 0 1—I 1—1 1—- TX 0 〇Funding System Detector System Ending Number: The code manager can figure out the message N solution and lose points everywhere.

Enter the code of the media device code and enter the display of the communication record. 0 5 0 0 0 5 1 3 3 9 8 9 1-- IX 1—- IX IX I—I -6-This paper size applies to Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 477151 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) Detailed description The present invention provides a method 'for encoding and arranging a signal stream to provide Robust error recovery, and a method to perform error recovery. In the following description, 'for the purposes of explanation, various details are described to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, for those skilled in the art, these details are not needed in the practice of the present invention. In other examples, known electrical structures and circuits are shown in block diagrams to prevent unnecessary limitations to the invention. The following description, in the article Adapting Dynamic Range Coding (A D R C) encoded video images, more specifically, relates to the restoration of compression parameters such as dynamic range (DR) for a loss or damage (loss / damage). However, it is conceivable that the present invention is not limited to video, and is not limited to ADRC encoding and the specific compression parameters generated; but it is obvious to the present invention that it is applicable to different compression technologies and different types of related materials, including, but not Not limited to two-dimensional still images, holographic images, three-dimensional still images, video, two-dimensional moving images, three-dimensional moving images, mono sound, and N-channel sound. The present invention can also be applied to different compression parameters including, but not limited to, the central chirp (CEN), which can be used in ADRC processing. In addition, the present invention can also be applied to different types of A R D C processing, including edge matching and non-edge matching A D R C. Further information on ARDC can be found in the 4th International HDTV Conference held in Tunis, Italy, September 4-6, 1991. "Future Sensitivity, Future Sensitivity, HDTV Digital VTR Adaptive Dynamics" published by Today, Fujimori, and China House. Range Coding Design. " The signal encoding, transmission and subsequent decoding processes are shown in Figure 1A. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ------------- · Installation ---- l · --- Order i (Please read first Note on the back, please fill in this page) # · Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 477151 A7 B7_ V. Description of the invention (5) Signal 1 0 0 is the data stream input to the encoder 1 1 0. The encoder 1 1 0 follows the adaptive dynamic range coding (A D R C) compression deduction method and generates a packet 1, ..., N for transmission along the transmission medium 1 3 5. The decoder 1 2 0 receives the packets 1, ..., N from the transmission medium 1 3 5 and generates a signal 1 3 0. Signal 130 is a reconstruction of signal 100. The encoder 110 and decoder 120 can be implemented in various ways to perform the functions described herein. In an embodiment, the encoder 110 and / or the decoder 120 may be implemented as software stored on a medium and executed by a general purpose or special specification computer or data processing system. The computer system is typically Contains a central processing unit, memory, and one or more input / output devices and coprocessors, as shown in Figures 1B and 1C. Alternatively, the encoder 110 and / or the decoder 120 may be implemented as logic to perform the functions described herein, as shown in Figs. 1D and 1E. In addition, the encoding 110 and / or the decoder 120 may be implemented as a combination of hardware, software or firmware. An embodiment of a circuit for encoding and restoring the loss / damage compression parameters is shown in Figs. 1B and 1C. The methods described herein can be performed on a special specification or general purpose processor system 170. The instructions are stored in the memory 190 and accessed by the processor 175 to perform many of the steps described herein. Input 1 8 0 receives the input stream and forwards the data to processor 175. Output 185 output data. In Figure 1B, the output can include encoded data. In FIG. 1C, once the compression parameters are restored, the output may include decoded data, such as decoded image data, to drive external devices such as the display 195. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) r. · The size of this paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -8- 477151 A7 B7______ 5. Description of the invention (6) In another embodiment, the output 1 8 5 output restores the compression parameters. The restored compression parameters are then input to other circuits to generate decoded data. Figures 1 D and 1 E show an embodiment of a circuit for encoding compression parameters and restoring loss / corruption compression parameters. The methods described herein can be performed in special configuration logic, such as the application of special integrated circuit (A S I C), large size integrated circuit (L S I) logic, programmable gate array, or one or more processors. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a data structure or decapsulation structure 300 for point-to-point connection and data transmission between networks. The decapsulation structure 3 0 0 is generated by the code 1 1 0 and transmitted between the transmission media 1 3 5. For an embodiment, the encapsulation structure 300 includes five-byte header information 'eight DR bits, eight CEN bits, a mobile flag bit' five-bit critical index, and three-five-four bits. Q code. The decapsulation structure described herein is exemplified and can be implemented for transmission in an asynchronous transmission mode (A τ M) network. However, the present invention is not limited to the decapsulation structure described here and the decapsulation structure used in each network can be used. In one embodiment, the data structure 300 can be stored in a computer-readable memory, so the data structure 300 can be accessed by a program running on a data processing system. The data structure 3 0 0 stored in the memory includes a dynamic range target (DR) and a central data target (C Ε Ν) related to one of the dynamic range data targets. The central frame data target has a frame that is larger than the minimum frame of the dynamic range data object and smaller than the maximum frame of the dynamic range data object. When the dynamic range data target is evaluated, the central frame data target substantially reduces a decoding error. Each data structure (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Pack -----: ---- Order ---- Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper is printed in accordance with Chinese national standards (CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) -9-

// 1M A7

300 can also be a sealed structure. As described above, the above-described example systems and devices can be used to encode images, such as video or moving images using ADRC. a D R C has established the same real-time technology to encode and compress images in preparation for fixed-bit rate transmission. The discrete data points that make up a digital image are known as pixels. Each pixel can be independently represented in 8 bits, but other representations can also be used for compression or analysis purposes. Many representations begin by dividing the source data into separate data groups. For reasons of convention, these groups, which can be composed of one or more pieces of data or pixels, are considered blocks, even if they do not have a conventional block shape. This information can then be characterized by compression parameters. In one embodiment, these compression parameters include block parameters and bit stream parameters. A parameter includes information describing how the image is. Therefore, block parameters can also be used to define one or more attributes of a block. For example, in A D R C, the block width information may include the minimum pixel size (M I N), the maximum pixel size (MAX), the central frame size (CEN), the dynamic range of the pixel size (DR), or a combination of these. The bitstream parameters may also include information on how the image is encoded. In one embodiment, the bitstream parameter also indicates the number of bits used to encode the data. For example, in A D R C, the bit stream parameters may also include Q bits and a moving flag (M F) 値. Therefore, in this embodiment, the bit stream parameter can indicate how the data is encoded, which indicates that a pixel is located in a range specified by global information. In the case of using ADRC encoding, the block data contains Μ Ν Ν, ------------ installed (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order -------- -Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Consumer Cooperatives, the paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -10- 477151 Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Consumer Cooperatives of Consumers A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (8) DR, and Q bit numbers (defined below) 'and the pixel data include Q codes. DR can be defined as MAX — MI N or MAX — MI N + 1. In this embodiment, as described below, C E N can also be defined as the interval between M IN and M A X. For example, C E N may be equal to M I N + D R / 2.

The Q code is an integer in the range [0, 2 Q _ 2], which indicates one of the groups {MIN, MIN + 1, ..., CEN, ..., MAX} 値. Due to the Q bits, Q is usually small and DR 値 can be quite large, and it is generally impossible to render all pixels 正确 correctly. Therefore, when the pixel 値 is reduced to Q code 一些, some quantization errors are introduced. For example, if the Q bit number is 3, it can show 2 3 2 8 from the group {Μ IN N, Μ N + 1, ..., C E N, ..., M A X} without error. Pixels with other frames surround one of these 8 frames. These ring heats can introduce errors. Temporary compression is possible for sequences such as images that are unrolled more than once in time. An image frame is defined as a 2-dimensional set of pixels that rises over a given period of time. It is known that data from related locations that are temporarily close to the image frame tend to contain similar frames. When this is true, compression can be improved by encoding these similarities only once. In the second example, multiple video frames can be encoded by adding a moving flag (M F) to the block information of the first example. This MF indicates whether the data from each frame is encoded using a separate Q code. If no movement is instructed, the same Q code is used to represent each frame of information. If movement is indicated, a separate Q code is used to encode each box.

Two methods of ADRC coding can be used: non-edge matching ADRC This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ------------ install ----- ^ —Order -------— · (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) -11-477151 A7 ------- £ L__ 5. Description of the invention (9) and edge matching ADRC. The difference between the two methods lies in the exact formula used to generate the volume code (Q code). On the other hand, these two approaches have many things in common. The two methods start by segmenting the image into blocks, and then determine the maximum (MAX) and minimum (MIN) pixels of each block. In 2 D A D R C ', a quantization code (q-code) is determined for each pixel. In 3DADRC, a move flag (MF) 决定 (if the move is 1 and 0 otherwise) is determined for each block. When the mobile flag is 1, a unique Q code can be determined for each block. When the moving flag is 0, the related pixels can be averaged for each block, the block parameters are updated accordingly, and a single Q code that determines the related pixels from each box can be decided. Non-edge matching ADRC can define DR 値 such as DR = MAX-MIN + 1 ⑴ and a quantization code such as 2Q (xi-MIN + V2) qi = ---- (2) ^ DR K} L- ·-where Q is The number of quantization bits, and X ^ is the original pixel 値 (or average pixel 値, in the example of a non-moving block in 3 DADRC). The pixel 値 can be reconstructed or restored according to the following formula: 化, ⑶ L 2Q ″ where MAX represents the maximum level of the block, MIN represents the minimum level of the block, Q represents the number of quantization bits, and Q 1 represents the quantization code ( (Encoding data), X, i represents the decoding level of each sample 'and its expected value is X' & = x 1 (please read the note on the back first and fill in this page) L., I-n H ϋ n I nn 一 δ afternoon · nnn an · ϋ n ϋ I-Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper is printed in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm) -12- 477151 A7 _____B7 V. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (10) The edge matching ADRC can define DR such as

DR = MAX-MIN ⑷ and a 'quantization code such as (2q

DR + V2 (5) where Q is the number of quantization bits, and x t is the original pixel 値 (or average pixel 値, in the example of a non-moving block in 3DADRC). The pixel 値 can be reconstructed or restored according to the following formula: calendar + potential + 丨 / 2 ⑹ (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) where MAX represents the maximum level of the block, M IN represents the minimum level of the block, Q is the number of quantization bits, Q t is the quantization code (encoded data), X 'i is the decoding level of each sample, and it is expected to be XX: Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. ADRC's example quantization code and reconstruction formula use M IN 値, however, any greater than or equal to M IN and less than or equal to MAX can also be used with DR to encode and decode pixel 値. For edge-matched and non-edge-matched A D R C, D R 値 will be lost during transmission. If D R is lost, then the pixels 値 can use an evaluation reconstruction for D R. When DR is over-evaluated (or under-evaluated), the maximum decoding error is related to the use of encoding and decoding pixels, such as block parameters. Figures 3 A and 3 B show the difference between the actual and recovered Q code levels when DR is overestimated by 20%. -13- This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 477151 Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention (n) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economics For example, Figure 3 A shows the code Error, and the maximum decoding error of the maximum 3 Β when MIMO is over-evaluated by 20%, and its maximum decoding error. The axis ADRC on the left side of Figure 3 is the 2-bit AD axis 2 2 0, which is the same result if the maximum decoding error occurs if the DR is overrepresented. Figure 3 A shows the performance 3 B shows the comparison . Assuming C EN, the maximum recovery error is reduced by mistake, thereby providing an increase in recovery. Therefore, by using the encoding, transmission, and decoding Q, the two mean square decoding errors and the maximum DR are overestimated by 20% of the maximum solution for encoding and decoding. Fig. 3B shows when D R is decoded wrong 'and C E N 値 is used. The figure using C E N, less than 2 1 0 using M I N is a proper restoration of Q codes in non-edge matching R C blocks. Right Evaluates the Q code recovered at 20%. As shown in the maximum Q code. (When the DR under-evaluation can achieve the same DR evaluation error as the graph using the central 値 instead of M IN, the use becomes half. Moreover, the expected C ε in the noise-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the mean square error signal, It can enhance the recovery of the code used for image data, and the decoding error can be substantially reduced when the DR evaluation is wrong, and even the center can be selected as a unit to substantially reduce the DR evaluation, and even reduce the expected average for reconstruction. Square error, and has a fixed DR evaluation error. This can be determined by the following processing. The general type of ADRC decoding equation without truncation error is: = MIN + ~ Zi 十 κ Μ ⑺ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling (This page) The paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -14- 477151 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (12) Where Zl 'M' and κκ are provided in Table 1. The general type of equation (7) simultaneously simplifies ADRC symbols and allows the derivation of non-edge matching and edge matching formulas at the same time. Table 1: Use of non-edge matching non-edge matching ADRC edges of the items in the general decoding equation Match ADRC τ, qi + 1/2 Q > Μ 2q 2Q-1 Κ 〇y2 If you do not transmit Μ IN 値, but transmit other 値 and DR 値 is absolutely positive, other 値 can be expressed as: VAL = MIN + aDR ⑻ Where α is a constant. Therefore, the ADRC decoding equation is: Please read the precautions on the back j II Order (9) # Let DR e represent the wrong evaluation of dynamic range. The wrong decoding can indicate the staff consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed as 1 error (i)

VAL-aDRe + DR ^^-K (10) where error indicates an incorrect decoding, and therefore the decoding error r C t) can be written as: error {= (DR-DRe) Μ a (11) This paper is applicable in the home Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × X 297 mm) -15- 477151 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (13) Therefore, 'mean square error (MS E) can be expressed as a function of α: MSE {a) ^^ ( err〇ri) 2 (12) ^ i = l a a (13)

N (D7?-丄) 2 [ζ, 2-2々Μα + Μ2α: 2] (14) where error i represents a decoding error, n represents the number of erroneously decoded pixels, and α is a non-negative real number. Expected mean square error Can be expressed as a function of α to optimize α: E {MSE (a)) = ^ (D /? ^ DRe) 2ί ^ [ε {ζ ^)-2E (Zi) Μα + Μ 2α2] --- -------- Installation (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) (15) (DR-DRef [Ε (ζ;)-2Ε (ζί) Μα ^ Μ2α2 (16) Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Bureau employee consumer cooperative prints where MS Ε (α) represents the mean square error expressed as a function of α and E represents the expected mean square error. By calculating the first and second deviations, the narrowing conditions can be checked: E '( MSE (a)) = (DR — DRJ _ (17) 2Ε {ζ () Μ + 2Μ2 a] ^ {MSE (a)) = (DR-DRe ff ~ ^ \ [2M2} (18) From the equation ( 1 8), when DR e * DR, the second deviation of this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -16- 1T --------- # _ // 151 A7 B7 1 'Invention (14) The points on 〇 are all absolutely positive; therefore, the E' (MSE (α)) part is the smallest. This can be achieved if: 2Λί2α = 2 £: (ζ, ·) M (19) Therefore, equation (1 9) is yong) α_ Μ (20) Assuming that one of the Q codes 均匀 is uniformly distributed 'expected 値 can be willow) = Σ 2q -1 _ 丨 丨― (21) Therefore, in the case of non-edge matching ADRC, the equation (2〇 becomes: 2q -1 E {q ^ V2) 2q-+ ½

2Q: ½ (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) (22) The consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed a similar one. In the example of edge matching ADRC, equation (2〇) becomes: 2Q _1iy . = Z2Z = l / 2 α 2Q -1 2Q-1 Substituting (23) 1/2 into equation (8) for 'best transmission' is:

VAL = MIN + DR / 2 = CEN (24) For non-edge-matched ADRC or edge-matched ADR c This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -17- 477151 Α7R7 V. Description of the invention (15) Although this deviation assumes that one of the Q codes 均匀 is evenly distributed, the non-uniform distribution of Q codes 値 near the middle of the area can also support the use of CEN 値. Using equation (1 6) and substituting α = 0, therefore, V A L = MIN, and α = 1/2, therefore, VAL = CEN, thereby quantifying the transmission advantage of C E N. ^ Assuming that one of the Q codes 均匀 is uniformly distributed, E (Q: 2) can be calculated as follows: 2β-1 / 1, £ ^ 2) = Σ tq / Τ = Π, ^ (2β -1) (2δ + ι -1 ) (25) The ratio of the mean square error used for C ΕΝ 値 decoding to the mean square error used for Μ Ν 値 decoding is shown in Table 2 under various Q bits. Q: MSE reduction ratio (26) Wan (E ^ f for Xuanma) Table 2: The ratio of C Ε N 値 decoded Ε (MS Ε) to M IN 値 decoded Ε (MS Ε) vs. Q bit 値 Q code. (Please read first Note on the back, please fill out this page again.) The MSE reduction ratio printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy Q Non-edge matching ADRC Edge matching ADRC 1 0.200 0.500 2 0.238 0.357 3 0.247 0.300 4 0.249 0.274 4 0.250 0.262 6 0.250 0.256 7 0.250 0.253 This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) -18- 477151 A7 ____B7____ V. Description of the invention (16) Therefore it can be quantified assuming the mean square error of DR restoration under some common ADRC codes Therefore, CEN 値 is the best corresponding part of the DR mean of the DR loss in ADRC transmission. This type of The code is regarded as the central 値 ADRC. In the central 値 ADRC, the central 値 (CEN) can be transmitted instead of M IN 値. In one embodiment, as described above, CEN 値 can be defined as CEN = MIN + DR Ding (27) in In this embodiment, the formula for reconstructing x can be obtained by substituting M IN CEN-DR / 2 into equations (3) and (6), that is, for non-edge matching ADRC: (28) And in the example of edge matching ADRC:

CfiV + M + DR Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 2β-1 -½ (29) In the case of no errors, the performance of using the central 値 A D R C of C E N is similar to the use of A D R C of Μ I N 値. However, in the presence of DR loss, the central 値 A D R C can provide better loss / corrupted data recovery performance than the M IN 値 A D R C. The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be achieved here, but it still belongs to the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the paper size of this issue applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -19- 477151 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (17) The spirit and scope of the invention shall be defined by the following L ——.------ ;; installed (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Order ---------. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-20- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

Claims (1)

477151 A8 B8 C8 D8 t. Patent application scope (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 1. A method of encoding data, including by selecting the minimum value greater than the data range 13 and the maximum value less than the data range Decide on the center of the range, and actually reduce a decoding error when the range is later evaluated. 2 _ · The method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the maximum and minimum values are selected from the group consisting of two-dimensional still images, holographic images, three-dimensional still images, video, two-dimensional moving images, three-dimensional moving images, mono sound, and Information about the N-channel sound group. 3. The method according to item 1 of the patent application range, in which the encoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range encoding (A D R C), and the central frame is within the dynamic range of the data except for the maximum and minimum frames. 4 · The method according to item 1 of the patent application range, in which the encoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range encoding (A D R C), and the central unit is the one that substantially reduces the expected mean square decoding error and the maximum decoding error during restoration. 5 · If the method of applying for the first item of the patent scope, wherein the data contains pixel data, the coding is performed on the pixel data using adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC), and the coding data includes ~ Quantitative code (Q code) defined by the formula: Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 2Q [Xi-CEN + V2) Qi = .......—— _ DR. Among them, Qi represents a Q Code, Q represents the majority of quantization bits, Xl represents the unencoded pixel data, DR represents the dynamic range of the data, and CEN represents the central frame. 6 · If the method of applying for the first item of the patent scope, where the data contains pixel data, the coding uses adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC) in Figure-21-This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 (Mm) 477151 A8 B8 C8 D8 patent application range is executed on the prime data, and the restored data is reconstructed according to the coding material selected from the following group of equations: and CEN + ^-(qH-V2-2 ^ 1) Among them, x 'i represents the recovered data, CEN is the central frame, DR is the dynamic range of the data, Q t represents a q code, and q represents a majority of quantization bits. 7. The method according to item 1 of the patent application scope, in which the coding is performed using adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC), and the central definition is: CEN = MIN + DR (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Economy Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Ministry of Intellectual Property Bureau, where C ENE stands for the central bank, μ IN stands for the smallest bank, and DR indicates the dynamic range of the data. 8. The method according to item 1 of the patent application range, wherein when the evaluation of the range 具有 has a fixed error, the central 値 will reduce the expected mean square decoding error of the evaluated range 値. 9. A delta memory is used to store and access data by executing a program on a processing system, including: a data structure stored in the memory, the data structure used by the application and the program, and Including: a dynamic range data target and a central 値 data target related to one of the dynamic range data targets, the paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) -22- -n -_ϋ n II · ϋ nn a sejI ϋ · ϋ III n ϋ I · 477151 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. The scope of patent application has a minimum value greater than the dynamic range data target and less than the dynamic range data target The largest one, and actually reduces a decoding error when the dynamic range data target is evaluated. 1 0. — A method for decoding a bit stream of encoded data, including restoring a parameter used to encode the encoded data, which uses a minimum value greater than the data range and a maximum value less than the data range target, and the data range When evaluated, the central frame that actually reduces a decoding error is recovered. 1 1 · According to the method in the scope of patent application, the maximum and minimum 値 are selected from the group consisting of two-dimensional still images, holographic images, three-dimensional still images, video 'two-dimensional moving images, three-dimensional moving images, monophonic sound, And N channel sound group information. 1 2 The method of item 1 q of the patent scope, such as § 靑, in which the encoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range coding (A D R C), and the central frame is within the dynamic range of the data except for the maximum and minimum frames. 1 3 · The method according to the scope of the patent application, wherein the encoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range encoding (ADRC), and the central unit is the one that substantially reduces the expected mean square decoding error and the maximum decoding error during restoration. 14 · The method according to item 10 of the patent application range, wherein the data contains pixel data, the coding is performed on the pixel data using adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC), and the restored data is according to an equation selected from the following group Reconstruction of coded data: X ， 丨 · = CKV + i / 2 + DR 〔-# —- L -1 ϊ; and this paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -23 -^ -------- ^ —------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 477151 A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. Patent application scope X'i = CEN 7%, 2. '1) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Among them, meaning, means to restore the data, CEn is the central frame,] 3 feet is the dynamic range of the data, Q ^ means a Q code, and Q means most of the Quantization bit. 15 · The method according to item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the coding is performed using adaptive dynamic range S coding (ADRC), and the central frame is defined as: DR CEN ^ MIN + ~ 2 where CEN represents the central frame and MI n represents The minimum value, and DR represent the dynamic range of the data. 1 6 · If the method of item 1 Q of the scope of patent application is applied, the central government will reduce the expected mean square decoding error of the evaluated scope | Wu. 1 7 · — a coding method, including: determining the central unit of a series of related data points, so when recovering lost / damaged data points, the central unit substantially reduces errors; and preparing a compressed representation of one of the data points, this compressed representation includes Central puppet. Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives. 18 — A decoding method, including: receiving a compressed representation of lost / damaged data points, this compressed representation includes a central frame that substantially reduces errors when recovering lost / damaged data points, and Use this central unit to recover lost / damaged data points. 1 9 · A computer-readable medium containing instructions that, when executed by a processing system, executes a method for encoding data 'including determining by selecting a minimum value greater than the data range and a maximum value less than the data range. -24- This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 477151 A8 B8 C8 D8 t, the center of the scope of the patent application, and when the scope is later evaluated, the actual reduction Decoding error. 20. If the computer-readable media of item 19 in the scope of patent application, where the maximum and minimum 値 means selected from the group consisting of two-dimensional still images, holographic images 'three-dimensional still images, video, two-dimensional moving images, three-dimensional moving images' Information on monophonic sound and N-channel sound. 2 1. Computer-readable media such as item 19 of the scope of patent application 'where the encoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC)' and the central frame is within the dynamic range of the data except for the maximum and minimum frames 2 f Directly to the computer-readable media such as patent application No. 19, where the encoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC) and the central unit is to substantially reduce the expected mean square decoding error and maximum resolution when recovering. 51 Mistakes. 2 3. If the computer-readable media of item 19 of the scope of patent application ', where the data contains pixel data, encoding is performed on the pixel data using adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC), and the encoded data includes a Quantitative code (Q code) defined by the following group of equations: (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Binding ---% Printed by the Consumer Consumption Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs [2Q -l \ xi ^ CEN) DR + ½ 2Q (xi ^ CEN + V2) DR; and among them, qi represents a Q code, most of the quantization bits in the Q table represent uncoded pixel data, and DR represents the dynamic range of the data 'and this Paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -25-477151 A8 B8 C8 D8 6. The scope of patent application CEN means central 値 2 4 • Computer readable as item 19 of patent scope Take the media, where the data contains pixel data, encoding is performed on the pixel data using adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC), and the restored data is reconstructed according to the encoded data selected from the equation of the following fj group: CEN + + DR |] / 2 And C £ 7V + ^ 3t / + i / 2,2q-i) where meaning and meaning represent the recovered data, CEN is the central frame, dR is the dynamic range of the data, Q i is a Q code, and Q is the quantification of the majority Bit. 25. If the computer-readable media of item 19 of the scope of patent application, the encoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC), and the central definition is: CEN = MIN + DR (Please read the precautions on the back first (Fill in this page again): Install 丨 丨 — 丨 Order -------— Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, where CEN is not the center 値, MIN is the minimum value, and d R is the dynamic information. range. 2 6 · If the computer-readable media of item 19 of the scope of patent application, the central government will reduce the expected mean square decoding error of the evaluated scope. 27. — A computer-readable medium including instructions that, when executed by a processing system, executes a method for decoding a bit stream of encoded data, including restoring parameters used to encode the encoded data, the parameters By adapting the paper size to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -26- 477151 A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. For the scope of patent application, the minimum value greater than the data range and the maximum value less than the data range Central 'recovery' and when range is later evaluated are actually reduced by a decoding error. 2 8 · If the computer-readable media of item 27 of the scope of patent application, the decoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC), and the central frame is in addition to the maximum and minimum frames, within the dynamic range of the data. Q 2 9 · If the computer-readable media of item 27 of the patent application range, where the encoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range encoding (ADRC), and the central unit is to substantially reduce the expected mean square decoding error and the maximum decoding error during restoration値. 30 · If the computer-readable media of item 27 of the patent application scope, the central authority will reduce the expected mean square decoding error of the assessed scope. 3 1. — A computer-readable medium containing instructions that, when executed by a processing system, performs an encoding method, including: determining the center of a sequence of related data points, so when recovering lost / damaged data points, the Central ridges substantially reduce errors; and prepare a compressed representation of one of the data points, this compressed representation includes central ridges. 3 2 · —A computer-readable medium containing instructions' when executed by a processing system, performs a decoding method, including: receiving a compressed representation of lost / damaged data points, this compressed representation includes when recovering lost / damaged data points Substantially reduce the error center and use this center to recover lost / damaged data points. 3 3. — A system for encoding the data containing the central bank, the Chinese paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -27-illlh ------ ^ installation ( (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) ϋ H n sip, I · ϋ nn in I Printed by the Employees ’Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 477151 Printed by the Employees’ Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A8 B8 C8 D8 The scope of the patent application scope is the minimum range larger than the data range and the maximum range smaller than the data range, and when the range is later evaluated, the decoding error is actually reduced. 34. The system according to item 33 of the scope of patent application, wherein the maximum and minimum values are selected from the group consisting of two-dimensional still images, holographic images, three-dimensional still images, video, two-dimensional moving images, three-dimensional moving images, and monophonic sound. And N channel sound group information. 3 5 · The system according to item 33 of the scope of patent application, in which the coding uses adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC) and fj 'and the central frame is within the dynamic range of the data except for the maximum and minimum frames. 36. The system according to item 33 of the patent application range, wherein the encoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range encoding (ADRC), and the central unit is the one that substantially reduces the expected mean square decoding error and the maximum decoding error during restoration. 37. If the system of item 33 of the patent application scope, wherein the data contains pixel data, the coding is performed on the pixel data using adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC), and the coded data includes The quantization code (Q code) defined by the equation: L-c_ + V2 L DR ”; and 2Q {xi-CEN ten V2) φ =-DR _ where qi represents a Q code and Q represents a majority of quantization bits Wu'x represents unencoded pixel data, DR represents the dynamic range of the data, and c EN represents the central frame. Degree applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -28-------------------- Order -------- 1 ^ _wwl (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 477151 A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. Application for patent scope 38. For the system of patent application scope No. 33, where the data package contains white pixel information, the coding is used to adapt Dynamic range coding (ADRC) is performed on the prime data, and the restored data is reconstructed according to the coded data selected from the equations of the following group: C £ iV ten 1/2 ten DR -½ where CSV + taste (minutes +1) / 2-2 ^ 1) 'I represents the recovered data, C EN is the central frame, DR is the dynamic range of the data, Q i represents a Q code, and Q represents a majority of quantized bits. 3 9 · If the system of item 33 of the scope of patent application, the coding is performed using adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC), and the central frame is defined as. CEN = MIN + DR Please read the notes on the back before filling this page The Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed 40. If the system of item 33 in the scope of patent application is applied, the central government will reduce the expected mean square decoding error of the evaluated scope. 4 1 · A system for decoding a bit stream of encoded data, including a decoder structure to recover a parameter used to encode the encoded data, the parameter is restored using a central frame, and the range of the central frame is greater than The minimum value of the data range is smaller than the maximum value of the data range, and when the range is evaluated later, a decoding error is actually reduced. 4 2 · If the system of item 41 in the scope of patent application, the largest and the paper size are applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -29- 477151 A8 B8 C8 D8 Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) Minimal 値 means selected from two-dimensional still images, holographic images, three-dimensional still images, video, two-dimensional moving images, three-dimensional moving images, mono sound, and N-channel sound Group of information. 4 3 · The system according to item 41 of the patent application range, wherein the decoder is further configured to use adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC) decoding, and the central frame is in addition to the maximum and minimum frames, within the dynamic range of the data. value. 4 4 · The system according to item 41 of the patent application range, in which the encoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range encoding (ADRC), and the central unit is the one that substantially reduces the expected mean square decoding error and the maximum decoding error during restoration. 45. The system according to item 41 of the scope of patent application, wherein the data includes pixel data, the decoder is further configured to decode the pixel data using adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC), and restore the data from a group selected from the following group according to Reconstruction of the encoded data of the equation: xr / = CEN; and x, i: CEN + Pu (q 〖+ ¥ z-2Q · 1) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, where X is the restoration data CEN is the central frame, DR is the dynamic range of the data, Q ^ represents a Q code, and Q represents the majority of quantization bits. 46. The system according to item 41 of the scope of patent application, wherein the decoder is further configured to use adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC) decoding 'and the central definition is: The paper standard is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification ( (210 X 297 mm) -30-477151 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. Patent application scope DR CEN = MIN + — 2 where C Ε stands for the central unit, MIN stands for the smallest unit, and DR represents the dynamic range of the data. 4 7 · If the system of item 41 of the patent application scope 'where the central area will reduce the estimated range', the expected mean square decoding error ° 4 8 · —A system for encoding data points' contains a sequence of related data The central unit of points, which substantially reduces errors when recovering lost / damaged data points; and an encoder, which is constructed to prepare a compressed representation of the data points, 'The compressed representation includes a central unit. 4 9 · A system for decoding data points, comprising a decoder to receive a compressed representation of one of the lost / corrupted data points, the compressed representation comprising a central frame which substantially reduces errors when recovering the lost / corrupted data points, and The decoder is further configured to recover the loss / damage data using the central unit. 5. The system according to item 33 of the patent application scope, wherein the system is selected from the group consisting of at least one processor and at least one large-size integrated circuit (LSI) element. , And at least one ASIC group. 5 1 · The system according to item 41 of the scope of patent application, wherein the system is selected from the group consisting of at least one processor, at least one large-size integrated body (LS I) element, and at least one AS IC. 5 2. —A device for encoding data, including a mechanism for determining the central government's scope of the central government is greater than the minimum of the data scope, and this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 31 ----------- ml Pack -------- Order ----------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) 477151 A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. The scope of patent application is less than the maximum of the data scope, and when the scope is evaluated later, a decoding error is actually reduced. 5 3 · If the device in the scope of patent application No. 52, the maximum and minimum are not self-contained one-dimensional static image, holographic image 'two-dimensional static image, video, two-dimensional moving image, three-dimensional moving image, single Information about audio sounds and N channel sounds. 54. The device according to item 52 of the patent application range, in which the encoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range encoding (ADRC), and the central frame is within the dynamic range of the data except for the maximum and minimum frames. 5 5 · The device according to item 52 of the patent application range, wherein the encoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range encoding (ADRC), and the central unit is the one that substantially reduces the expected mean square decoding error and the maximum decoding error during restoration. 56. If the device in the scope of patent application No. 52 is applied, the central 値 will reduce the expected mean square decoding error of the evaluated 値. 5 7 · — * A device for decoding a bit stream of encoded data, including a mechanism for restoring a parameter used to encode the encoded data, the parameter is restored using a central frame, and the range of the central frame is A minimum error greater than the data range and a maximum error less than the data range, and when the range is later evaluated, a decoding error is actually reduced. 5 8 · The device according to item 57 of the patent application range, wherein the decoding is performed using adaptive dynamic range coding (A D R C), and the central frame is within the dynamic range of the data except for the maximum and minimum frames. 5 9 · If the device in the scope of patent application No. 57 is used, the coding is performed using adaptive dynamic range coding (ADRC), and the center is installed (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Order --- Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -32- 477151 A8 B8 C8 D8 Expected mean square decoding error and maximum decoding error. 60. If the device in the scope of patent application No. 57 is applied, the central 値 will reduce the expected mean square decoding error of the evaluated 値. 6 1 · —A device for encoding data points, including: a mechanism for determining the central point of a sequence of related data points, so that the central point can substantially reduce errors when recovering lost / damaged data points; and preparing the data points A mechanism that compresses a representation, which includes a central ridge. 6 2 · —A device for decoding data points, including: a mechanism for receiving a compressed representation of one of the lost / damaged data points, the compressed representation includes a central frame that substantially reduces errors when recovering the lost / damaged data points , And institutions to recover lost / damaged data points using a central bank. (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy