TW414721B - Treating agent for packet solidification of wastes and the purification method of waste treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for packet solidification of wastes including harmful gases of black smoke or foul heavy metals or flying ashes, or bottom ashes at the bottom of an incinerator, etc., comprises to make the combustion gas of the wastes contact to an aqueous film-making inorganic compound of silane and silanolic salt, thereby generating a film-making expansion foam and a combustion residue capable of containing the black smoke or smell, harmful gas and heavy metal, and meanwhile sealing these harmful materials inside. The present invention also relates to a treating agent for packet solidification which is used in this method. The treating agent is an aqueous film-making inorganic compound formed of silane and silanolic salt.

Description

>414721; V. Description of the invention π)! [Explanation of the invention]: i: This invention relates to a packaging treatment agent for waste and a method for purifying waste materials using the agent, especially a method for treating black smoke or Foul odor and heavy gold | I, hazardous gases of fly ash, bottom ash deposited on the bottom of incineration equipment, etc .: The waste is treated with purification treatment and its purification method u I Waste in the living environment is burning On the occasion, 1 will produce black smoke or: foul odor, and the dissolution of hazardous heavy metals contained in discarded incineration ash or discharged fly ash will have a strict emission standard in Europe. There are strict rules. Today's waste incineration methods, under the guidance of policies, have been transformed from batch-type small and medium-sized incinerators to continuous-type large-scale incinerators. However, due to the above-mentioned emission regulations, local autonomous organizations or intermediate waste disposal operators that transport small and medium-sized furnaces have been forced to do so; they must invest high equipment improvement costs or abandon the waste treatment business. The purpose of the present invention is to solve this practical problem, and provide a novel purification treatment substance and its purification treatment method. If the waste contains heavy metals or CL components, the

Ingredients such as I will be the precursors of dioxin for harmful gases. In addition, in the exhaust: the non-high heat resistant bag filter flowing to the final process of the exhaust treatment, that is, the cooling or washing treatment, the dioxin is still produced, in the meantime, although it can be inorganic or mineral Adsorption treatment, but its residues or sorbents must be treated again, in order to complete the treatment, complex processing techniques and equipment must be used. Contaminated heavy metals remain in the bottom ash of incineration residues.

Page 4 414721 i ............... .... '.................................--.......... ......... i I. Description of the invention (2) 丨 I mixture is disposed of, or it is transported to a landfill with specific management for disposal, | but in terms of long-term stability, its safety is still However, especially in fly ash, heavy metals and dioxin are concentrated and remain in it, and it is still difficult to treat with chelating agents. 'i Furthermore, in the case of small incinerators, the black smoke or foul odor produced by the incineration

1 I will affect the surrounding residents, and the cost of incinerators with equipment to solve this problem is extremely expensive, so it is urgent to find a simple and cheap solution. If you want to meet the EPA ’s i-rated requirements for dioxin, other gases, or heavy metals, the cost of retrofitting the old incineration plant will be extremely high, and the incineration operation will be forced to stop. The huge cost will also increase the environmental protection burden of residents. According to the exhaust gas of the incinerator is a high temperature of 200 ° C ~ 800 ° C, under this high temperature, no organic matter filter that can filter black smoke and foul odor has been seen, so it must be cooled or washed. Or other various structure treatments, or ceramic catalysts or sorbents for treatment and cooling, and then sent to the bag dust collector for filtering, but because the device is extremely expensive, I look forward to | The treated inorganic filter or absorbing material capable of withstanding high temperature is developed, and the present invention is developed by the present invention to solve this problem. In the past, for the treatment method of bottom ash or fly ash containing known heavy metals, there has been a treatment method of mixing organic substances such as carbamic acid chelating agents. Although this method has been widely used, the chelation is stable or not. It is difficult to judge chemically, and the method I of applying chemically stable ion bonding to heavy metals is necessary. Europe has taken countermeasures against dioxin long before, and as recently as-

Page 5 Λ ^ / ί Γ? 1 .. .............................. ........................................ .................................. _ ·. ·· ..— V. Description of Invention (3) Years The exhaust cooling method is still the mainstream, but according to recent research, the HCL, which is a precursor of dioxin, will produce dioxin at low temperatures. In order to solve this problem, it can be used at high temperatures above 450 ° C. Activated carbon or raw stone | ash is used as the sorbent adsorption method, but this sorbent after treatment has become a new problem, and even then a bag filter must be used, and the residue must be stored in the bag filter The heavy metal-containing fly ash is subjected to a washing treatment = that is, the exhaust gas i treatment must, of course, not only have to deal with dioxin precursors and ferric chloride or heavy metal I fly ash, but also have to decompose the dioxin precursors. The bag filter to which the catalyst or i public pollutants are adsorbed, and when this bag filter is to be used again, it must be treated subsequently. The present invention was developed by a developer aiming at solving the above-mentioned problems. When the present invention is used, even if the batch-type operation of small and medium-sized furnaces is used, the specified value of iDioxine, which is considered to be the most difficult to remove, can be easily achieved, and the cost of the equipment or the transformation of the old furnace! 丨 Costs and environmental protection burden of residents Can be alleviated, but also can be widely used in other industries. ! The inventor has previously disclosed "Production of water-based film-forming inorganic compounds

I

丨 Law "(G Patent Patent No. 2028203 and Special Fair No. 7-14801), | 1" Disaster prevention and fire-resistant 'fire-resistant composite materials' (Japanese Patent License No. 2015694 I i), etc., are collectively referred to below as the pre-invented silanes Alkoxide solution. According to the previous invention, the silicon | alkoxide solution uses methyl silicon and borax or sodium fluoride, sub-mineral acid or its salts and test metals (Na, K, LI). It is made of silicon, which is different from water glass and is composed of siloxane and alkoxide. I The first to fourth figures show the heat-resistant inorganic compounds of the aqueous film-forming inorganic compound LC used in the present invention at 20t, 50 ° C, 550 ° C, and 950, respectively.

Page 6 414721 I five 'invention description (4)-" ........................ ............ FTIR analysis at ° C shows that the water molecule spikes will become low due to heating and form a film. In the first to fourth figures, the horizontal axis represents the wave number (Wave Numbers) and the vertical axis represents the absorbance (Absorvance). This analysis report from Toray Research Center is based on the FTIR j analysis of the first to fourth graphs, indicating the presence of siloxane at 780cni-1, and at 9 °, i002400 ~ 3800cm 1 The presence of silanols. The silanolate solution of the present invention is a heat-resistant material that does not decompose even if it is at an exhaust temperature of 200 ° C to 100 ° C (at any high temperature range at TC. Front). On the stone. XRD (X matter is long, and the treatment, obviously can explain the reason. The liquid device is heated to form a slurry micro-mirror view, the crystal silicon ray ray D i special device invented on the fifth figure C u For the sake of dryness, it shows that in its possession, it is coated with iron, and it will be followed by the chemical transformation and the investigation of the current section of the research on the rate of chemical transformation (ff rac t °) in the study of alkanolate in this section. Before the low-temperature moisture even if the board, the display shows a large temperature, the temperature is reduced, and the phenomenon. The aqueous solution shown in the figure ^ ..., has an expansion foaming (inturaescence heart analysis report, the bubble is generated at 6 5 (TC, the supply rate can be from 50 G ° C \ 〇n X as shown in the fifth figure) The first analysis device is only for the purpose of analyzing the difference between the peaks of the water and the glass. The absorption spectrum cmVg of the α-axis X-ray is judged, and the horizontal axis is the crystal peak of the cetyl alcohol salt solution of the invention. In the case of solid phase precursors and film formation, and if the expansion and foaming phenomenon can occur during evaporation, the solid content of the original silanol solution containing the former invention is 50%, and it is heated from the lower part of the iron plate, or expanded and foamed from the top by combustion Phenomenon. This phenomenon continues until 65 (TC is an increase in degrees, and the expansion and foaming phenomenon eventually disappears. Using the high temperature display of Japan HI TEC Co., Ltd. is a schematic diagram of this phenomenon. Inorganic compounds (LC) run by exhaust gas 414721 [I. Description of the invention (5)

I Foaming and coating film formation and formation into a colloidal filtration membrane, then it is a schematic diagram showing the state of purified treatment gas such as water vapor, carbon dioxide and the like. The middle diagram is a schematic diagram showing the temperature of the residue falling and the foaming reduction being sedated. The lower diagram shows the state where the exhaust gas residue is wrapped in the coating film and returned to normal temperature. In this way, the aqueous film-forming inorganic compound (LC) colloid has the function of forming a heat-resistant filter film. The waste incineration exhaust system contains high-temperature gas and heavy metal-containing fly ash. For exhaust, the exhaust pipe must be filled with expansion and foaming. Because the silane alkoxide solution was formed into a film-forming expansion foam by high temperature exhaust gas, it has a filtering effect that can reach cost. Efficacy ° When silanol is heated, tritium and 0H are dehydrated to form siloxanes. At this time, if there is a heavy metal, it is considered to be combined with S i-0-R. According to the results of incineration analysis of the mixture of the silane alkoxide solution and the heavy metal content of the previous invention, no elution of heavy metals was shown. If it is only concealed like coating, after pulverization, the heavy metal will dissolve, but after the sample is pulverized and tested, the result t is cured at a high temperature of 800 ° C, and then it is carried out. The pulverized material does not see the dissolution of heavy metals, so it is considered to be ionic bonding, which means that it has the function of capturing heavy metals. The silane alkoxide solution of the previous invention is 0.1 to 1 micron in size of colloid 1. As shown in the FTIR analysis of the first to fourth graphs, even when heated to 900 ° C, the hydroxyl group has not disappeared. The seventh picture: When the silane alkoxide solution of the previous invention is heated at 450 ° C and the nozzle temperature is 180 ° C, it is spray-dried by a spray dryer to form a powdered micrograph, which shows that it is 50 to 80 microns. The size of the bubble balloon 4 " f 4721 ▲ j five 'invention description (β) .................... ........._-... ....................... .............................- i $ anger . As shown in the schematic diagram of the sixth figure, when the condition of excess water is present and the exhaust gas is heated at a high temperature, the gel on the surface of the colloidal system j that expands and foams is dissolved, and the gel After the moisture contained in the gum evaporates, the solid components of the waste are coated inside by the filtering effect of the gum, and the residue is contained and accumulated. Since the harmful dioxin reaction in the exhaust gas does not occur when it is more than 45t, if its precursors and hydrochloric acid components can be captured first, it can also be suppressed when it is cooled to less than 40t which is easily produced by dioxin. The birth of Dioxin. I previously invented the silane alkoxide solution as an alkali metal salt. When this salt solution was sprayed with a spray dryer at a mouth temperature of 200 ° C to remove excess water to form a powder, it was mixed in at 40% by weight. The PVC t was stirred by a roller, followed by the application of 7 50 0 t in a Dolman elemental analysis; the combustion was analyzed and the τ score was analyzed. The analysis results show that the volatile hydrochloric acid is reduced to a small amount and is not volatile. HCL increased to 6 0 0 times. 'Smoke and dust were reduced to approximately | 2 5? 4' by filtering supplementary analysis. Therefore, 'volatile hydrochloric acid and soot were significantly reduced, and malodor was also reduced. The eighth figure is a mixture of solidified granules shown in the seventh figure and pvc for incineration. The gas analysis results reported by the Japanese Zew Analysis Center are reported. Based on the results of this analysis, it can be known that the silanolate liquid system of the previous invention has the effect of reducing black smoke | In particular, the Li salt of hydrochloric acid (gasification | lithium) is not easy to decompose at low temperature even if it captures gas. Therefore, the silane: alcohol Li salt solution of the previous invention can effectively prevent the production of dioxin from PVC. J The Pb (lead) component of the heavy metal in the waste is the one with the highest content, so this is the sample sample, that is, the bottom ash containing Pb from 500ρρπ to 2000ppm, and the content of? 1) Is the fly ash of 15000 mouth 111, depends on? 13 volumes, mixed with 10% to 140%

Page 9 414721; V. Description of the invention ¢ 7) In the silane alkoxide solution previously invented and heated to more than 900 ° C, the stability analysis value can be obtained in the results of the Pb dissolution test under any circumstances. The result of 0.01 ppm per liter is considered to be due to the generation of the siloxane combination described above. The CCA used as a wood preservative contains chromium and halogens. This 5% | solution is mixed into 10% of the silane alkoxide solution previously invented and then heated to 9 0 3C to cure it, forming a green solidification Although the content of Cr and Cu 'As in this solidified product dissolution test is below 0.01 ppm, it is considered that these heavy metals I have also produced ion bonding. If the previously invented silanolate solution is directly sprayed at a high temperature above 200 ° C, it will expand and foam due to instant gel film formation, so that black smoke or malodorous gas can be contained in it, and its The colloidal membrane has a filtering effect, so spraying the alkanolate liquid on the exhaust gas is an effective purification treatment method. Spraying method 丨 Due to the need for an instantaneous diffusion effect, if a high-pressure ejector is used for spraying, a negative pressure sufficient to attract will be generated, and a film can be formed to expand and foam the exhaust gas containing the silane alkoxide solution. The action within the object then produces a residue that also contains fly ash. When it is pressed, it is accumulated by the difference in specific gravity, during which only steam can evaporate. Therefore, whether the above silanolate solution is blown by a blower

The exhaust gas sent by I 丨 is subjected to pressurized spraying or dripping of the alkanolate solution, which will have the same effect. Therefore, pressurization, spraying, or dripping of the alkoxide is a necessary means. The method of contacting the silanolate liquid with the above-mentioned exhaust gas in the previous invention, whether it is spraying silanolate liquid on the exhaust gas that attracts and sends air, dripping silanolate liquid, or blowing high-temperature exhaust gas on the contrary When contacted in the silane alkoxide solution before the invention, the film formation will expand and foam, which will achieve the same effect.

Page 10 414721 ...........! V. Description of the invention (8) 丨 Fruit. In addition, the crumb is piled up due to the difference in specific gravity, and it is also effective if it is mixed with mineral powder such as kaolin or calcium carbonate. Wastes containing organic objects, heavy metals, soil or water can be easily contacted

I I previously invented the silane alkoxide solution to mix, as mentioned above, when the organic matter burns, it! | 丨 Invented the silane alkoxide solution to form a film to expand and foam before mixing, and the combustion gas I i body is included in it, and Capture carbonized and vaporized soot or CL gas: and capture the filtering effect of passing only water vapor. At the same time, the silanolate solution of the previous invention can be mixed into the bottom ash, which also has the function of purification. If the silanolate solution of the previous invention is directly sprayed onto the exhaust gas, the effect of the purification treatment of the present invention can be exerted on the bottom ash and exhaust gas simultaneously. As mentioned above, the accumulation of exhaust residues containing the silanolate solution of the previous invention! I 丨 If the incineration or bottom ash is incinerated to more than 800 ° C, for example, when it is incinerated in a rotary furnace, it will form ceramics even if it contains heavy metals It can be reduced to the specified ratio of stable metals that do not dissolve heavy metals. The means for solving the above problems by the present invention will be described below. ； J 1. The feature of the present invention is that the water-based film formed from siloxane and silanolate is an inorganic compound that comes into contact with black smoke or foul odor, heavy metals, and fly ash! Exhaust gas incinerated by waste, and Produce film-forming expansion foams, and form combustion residues that can contain black smoke or foul odors, harmful gases, and heavy metals inside, thereby using the above black smoke or foul odors, harmful gases, heavy metals, and other harmful substances or public pollutants A purification treatment substance sealed in it. 2. The feature of the present invention is to form an aqueous film made of siloxane and silanolate | inorganic compound | mixed into the bottom ash of the incineration device of incineration waste to form a mixture, thereby obtaining a mixture The surface is made of the above water

苐 Page 11 414721 V. Description of the invention (9) A purification treatment substance in which the combustion residues covered by the coating of the membrane-type inorganic compound are sealed, and the harmful substances or public pollutants are sealed therein. 3. The present invention is to apply the combustion residues covered by the above-mentioned aqueous film-forming inorganic compound film on the surface described in item 1 or item 2 of the patent application scope, or a mixture of the two. Characterized by combustion and solidification at high temperature above 800 ° C. 4. The present invention is to form an aqueous film-forming inorganic I compound formed of siloxane and silane alkoxide into contact with the exhaust gas or fly ash generated by incineration of waste to produce a film | expanded foam and form a black Smoke or foul odor, harmful gas and heavy metal I contained in the internal combustion residues. At the same time, the above-mentioned black smoke or foul odor, harmful gas, heavy metal and other harmful substances or public pollutants enclosed in it will be burned. The purification treatment method of the black smoke or malodor generated by the incineration of this waste, the harmful odors such as harmful gases and heavy metal contents, or the public pollutants is applied to the purification treatment. 5. According to the present invention, the above-mentioned contact according to item 4 of the scope of the application patent is a person who sprays the incineration gas of the waste with an aqueous film-forming inorganic compound formed of a siloxane and a alkoxide. 6. When the water-based film-forming inorganic compound described in item 5 of the patent application comes into contact with the incineration gas of the waste, the water-based film is formed by a pressure spray device installed in the flue or suction side channel. Inorganic Compounds 丨

I The incineration gas is sprayed, and the black smoke or malodor, harmful gases and heavy metals are attracted by the negative pressure generated during the spraying. 7. According to the present invention, the contact between the water-based film-forming inorganic compound and the incineration gas of the waste according to item 4 of the scope of the patent application is to be above 200 ° C.

Page 12 5'Invention description (10) | The incineration gas of the waste is blown into the above-mentioned aqueous film-forming inorganic compound liquid to form a combustion residue that can contain black smoke or foul odors and harmful gases or heavy metals inside . 8. The present invention is an aqueous film-forming inorganic compound formed of siloxane and a silanolate, which contacts the bottom ash at the bottom of the incineration device of the incineration waste, and i: generates a film-forming expanded foam, and causes harmful substances Or the purification method of the waste which is sealed by the pollution. 9. The present invention is to treat the waste as described in item 4 and item 8 of the scope of the patent application: chemical treatment, which is a treatment product that simultaneously seals harmful substances or public pollutants, or burns the waste. The raw bottom ash or fly ash is mixed with the above-mentioned aqueous film-forming inorganic compound, and then heated to more than 800 ° C to form a ceramic, so as to prevent the elution of harmful substances or public pollutants. Α In the above three purification treatments Among the five methods of processing waste and five types of waste, the aqueous film-forming inorganic compounds formed from the previously invented siloxane and silanolate salts are best used: metal aluminum or silicon metal, and borax, boric acid, When reacting sodium fluoride or fluoric acid and zinc acid compounds with caustic alkali, caustic soda or caustic alkali metal i, in water or in the solution containing the above-mentioned mineral acid compounds, the metal solid and alkali For high-concentration solution reaction of metals, the heat of reaction is controlled at 50 ° C or higher and 100 ° C or lower, and the water-forming film-forming inorganic compound having a specific gravity of 1.1 or more is preferred. Furthermore, it is also feasible to add a metal compound to the above-mentioned aqueous film-forming inorganic compound, so that the metal component is in an excess state. Moreover, an alcohol with or without mineral acid may be added to the aqueous film-forming inorganic compound and mixed to form a precipitate having a specific gravity of 1.3 or more. Water-based film-forming inorganic

Page 13 414721 V. Description of the invention (11) Natural compounds or substances are added to the compounds, but the thickeners can still be metal hydroxides. In a word, the compounds are composed of siloxane and siloxane. Alkane has a silane alkoxide of [Si (HnOH, BJ) M, the percentage of oxane and silane alkoxide, the mixture has a P value of 1 1 ~ 1 3, specific gravity 1. 0 1 ~ 2. Viscosity in specific gravity 1. The color is colored and transparent. The dioxin precursors can be captured by the present invention from various test results. Furthermore, the present invention is a phenomenon of foaming, the gel of which is evaporated, and it is contained and fired to 90 °. Above ° C, it is a valence substance. Moreover, the exhaust gas is blown to produce the same mineral powder, mineral fiber or mineral layered line formed by the same film formation expansion. In addition, hard water is added to the aqueous film forming inorganic compound All of the above-mentioned water-soluble film-forming inorganic alkanolates of the purifying treatment agent are composed of the general formula [H3SiOSiH3], a kind of silanol metal salt, wherein η is 1 to 3, M Na, I (or Li; and the mixing ratio of the sand compound is 10 to 9 0: 9 0 ~ 丨 0 weight has the following characteristics: 5 It is 300 or less at room temperature. It is confirmed that waste smoke, foul odor and hydrochloric acid, or fly ash, or heavy metals, etc. of waste incineration waste are chemically processed without the need of a bag type collector. The dust collector catches liquids different from ordinary liquids. It shows the result of the existing film-forming swelling solidified coating film, so that the residues of the water can be accumulated in a gel-like form. After heating, it will form a stable state where heavy metals will not dissolve. The above-mentioned silane alkoxide solution is blown into the high-temperature exhaust gas, and the contact reaction occurs in the silane alkoxide solution, which will have the effects of foaming and filtering.

Page 14 > 414721 丨 V. Description of the invention (12) Dioxin is the most harmful gas in the incineration exhaust gas, and the gas that is the precursor of dioxin will not be synthesized at a temperature of more than 450 ° C. If it can be concluded here, The removal of chlorine in stage I can prevent the production of dioxin, but so far there is no bag filter that can be used at this high temperature. The silane alkoxide solution of the previous invention has heat resistance as shown in the first picture! To the fourth picture, and as shown in the sixth picture, its gum will expand and foam and become balloon, so it is formed as shown in the sixth picture As shown, it has the function of a filter, and as mentioned above, because it is an alkali metal salt, it can capture HCL, make it a non-volatile component, and can suppress the generation of smoke and dust. The ninth and tenth graphs are the results of industrial analysis and composition analysis of general waste (MS W) and crusher dust (SD) using combustion tests. Before blowing into the exhaust gas, it was invented that the silane alkoxide solution was a diluted solution diluted with a large amount of excess water. The specific heat of the above-mentioned crushed alkoxide solution changed little at high temperatures. It coexisted with a large amount of excess water and was more capable of It has the effect of endothermic cooling, which can cool the exhaust gas, and because the small and medium-sized furnaces are batch-operated furnaces, it is easy to cause the danger of generating low-temperature ambient temperature of 2 0 ° C ~ 4 0 ° C. When the silanolate liquid of the present invention is blown in, whether it is a batch-type incinerator or a continuous-type high-temperature incinerator, it can cause no pollution problems. | When the silanolate solution of the present invention is blown into a high temperature of 20 (TC ~ 800 ° C) 丨 when exhausting, it can evaporate water and produce expansion and foaming, and the black smoke generated by burning organic matter Or foul odor is contained in the interior, so that it has the effect of forming a heat-resistant inorganic filter to make it pollution-free. The following is a description of the solution of the above problem and the effect of the present invention according to the embodiment of the present invention.

414721 [................................................ ............................................... .....................................--——............ ............ V. Description of the invention (13) [First embodiment], can be slowly ^ process is 9 5 0 3C Above Kundu, although the LC contains: According to the previous invention, the silane alkoxide liquid LC will not be decomposed and heated to 100 Ot when heated: it is dehydrated to form siloxane, which is: The FTIR charts (analysis results of Toray Research Center) at 20DC, 50 ° C, 550 ° C and FTIR are shown in Figures ~ 4th. As i rises, its water molecule spikes become lower and the membrane is formed. i [Second embodiment] The analysis value of the LC used in the above embodiment is shown in Table 1. i The raw material components are used, but the component composition ratio after analysis is not shown in the table. [Table 1] The composition ratio of the silanolate solution before the bottom frit (weight 55 SI0, 60.?, Ί 20 Na'C 21. 92 15 β2 03 1 6. 44 5 CaF, 1. 37 AGNE Technology Center The analysis result is because the composition ratio of this component is similar to the analysis value of glaze under enamel, .................... ....... 414721 ............. > ...... ........................................ ........................................ ............————————...................................... ....................... V. Description of the Invention (14) Then it can be similarly heated and hardened to form a ceramic coating. Membraneization = | [Third Embodiment] I The proportion of 50% of the solid content of the silanolate solution of the previous invention is 1.5 and the PH value is LC-150 of 12.2. The amount of water retained depends on the temperature. As shown in Table 2, moreover, its specific heat, diffusion coefficient, and thermal cutoff coefficient between 20 and 120 ° C are shown in Table 3 (Analyzed value of AGNE Technology Center). I Its dehydration system Until the high temperature, the specific heat and thermal insulation coefficient are also from room temperature There is no obvious change between 1 0 0 ° C, this is because the temperature of LC- 1 50 is not easy to rise even in high temperature environment, and can be used as heat sink for exhaust temperature. If there is excess water In the case of multiplication effect, it has the function of endothermic quenching. I [Table 2] Analysis result of heating water reduction heating temperature ° c_ water reduction / retained water | 22 ~ 200 94.07 200 ~ 500 4. 643 500-1000 1.282

I j I [Table 3]: Analysis results of adiabatic characteristics; temperature specific heat thermal diffusion coefficient number thermal conductivity

° CC a 1 / g. ° C. C in V s Cal / cm / s. ° C 20 0.200 0.00696 0.00203 414721 V. Description of the invention (15) 300 0. 363 0.00340 0.00175 400 0.310 0.00356 0.00161 600 0.312 0.00352 0.00160 800 0.326 0.00392 0.00167 1 000 0.358 0.00239 0.00126 [Fourth Embodiment] The silanol alkoxide LC-1 50, which was previously invented, is based on the equipment of Ogawara Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd. under the conditions of LPG gas temperature 450 ° C and outlet temperature 180 ° C. Spraying ± μ dry ° Because of the LC-based colloid and expansion and foaming, it can be formed into a balloon of 50 ~ 80 microns. The photomicrograph of this balloon is shown in Figure 7. This is a 20 to 50 parts by weight and a predetermined amount of stabilizer and other added to PVC and mixed to form a sheet. The analysis results of the combustion at 750 ° C at the ZENE analysis center are as shown in Figure 8. Show. This analysis was carried out by a multi-man elemental analyzer ion ion reading analysis and filter capture method. The results show that even when PVC is burned at 750 ° C, its volatile hydrochloric acid will be greatly reduced without The amount of volatile hydrochloric acid increased to 6000 times, and soot was reduced to 25%. Even when burning PVC or other CL-containing substances, it can fully capture the volatile CL that can be formed into dioxin, which has the effect of inhibiting the formation of dioxin. At the same time, it can also prevent the generation of smoke or foul odor. [Fifth embodiment] The above LC -1 50 characteristics analyzed by Si-MAS-NMR (a unique analysis device developed by Michigan State University)

Page 18 ............... ......... 414721 .............. ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ....—— 一… — 5. Description of the invention (16) The results of experiments conducted by the State University) are shown in the fifth figure = the analysis results are shown; LC is composed of a dimer and a trimer. The fifth figure shows the above-mentioned silanolate solution of the present invention has a pronounced crystal squeak under an average exhaust temperature of 500 degrees, and water glass does not show a crystalline tip because it is a non-crystalline alloy. _Peak 1 'This shows the above The silane alkoxide solution has film-forming property between the exhaust temperature of 400 ~ 800 ° C: role. That is, after the above-mentioned LC that is in a colloidal state disappears, the colloidal substance can aggregate to form a film-forming function having heat resistance and heat absorption. [Sixth embodiment] This example is coated with the above-mentioned LC-150 on a stainless steel plate, and then heated from normal temperature to 900 t: while heating and raising the temperature while taking pictures with a high-temperature observation microscope of Japan Hi-Tec Co., Ltd. Observed. It forms a foam between 1 (] 0 t to 3 0 0 t, and then observes after wiping the lens clean. As a result, the phenomenon of expansion and foaming continues to about 6 50 ° C, and it solidifies into opal (foamite )

I I shape, above 800 ° C, it can be plasticized into a maltose-like syrupy state. And presents the process change of the concept as shown in the sixth figure. It can be understood that as long as the above LC is sprayed on the combustion exhaust fight flue, the phenomenon of expansion and foaming will be formed instantly. The flue gas duct should have a diameter sufficient to allow the LC to foam and fill the pipe. Introducing high-temperature exhaust gas into the silane alkoxide solution can also produce the same accumulation effect. [Seventh embodiment] The sixth diagram is a schematic diagram of the effect of the present invention. In the sixth diagram, the silane alkoxide solution of the present invention is foamed by exhaust gas, and its gum is made.

Page 19 414721 V. Description of the invention (17) The membrane is formed as a filtration membrane, and only the purified water vapor 1 is released. The foam will finally settle down to form a gel film. All the above experimental results can be obtained in the same state as the schematic diagram. [Eighth embodiment] Analytical value of fly ash containing 2 220 mg / L of PbO per liter and mixing 100 parts by weight of the fly ash to 20 ~ 100 weight: The situation after the amount of LC is shown in Table 4. This material was fired to 900 ° C: After that, according to the dissolution test results made by the Kanagawa Prefectural Institute of Industrial Synthesis, the results of the dissolution test of any one of them are shown in Table 5 c. The specified value of the substance is below 0 '0 1 ppm, which shows the effect of purifying heavy metals. The analysis value of incineration ash is shown in the following table, and the dissolution amount of Pb is 222 mg per liter ° [Table 4] Phase fraction of ash • Value% SIO, 9 '7 4. 73 Znπ 0.62 A 1 z03 5, 75 Na 2 54 PbO 0. 18 C aO 42 .15 Cl 1 3. 31 CuO 0.05 MgO 2 .02 S0H 4. 34 F e2〇3 1. 09 [Table 5] Ash 100 100 100 Ash is provided by NKK mixed LC d] 18 18 5 5 4 Analysis analysis; Panagawa 414721 V. Description of the invention (18) Test results of the Industrial Research Institute Dissolution amount 0.01 0.01 0.01 or less [ninth embodiment] The following is the municipal waste provided by Kobe Steel Analysis value of heavy metals in incineration fly ash and sewage sludge incineration ash. This system mixes the above LC-1 4 0 (solid content 40 f) into the above ash at a weight percentage of 0 ~ 20, and then solidifies it at 95 ° C, and then dissolves by Kobe Steel. The test results are shown in Table 6 as the specified value, which is below. Analytical value of heavy metal dissolution of Pb, As and heavy metals in urban waste Ce. The sewage sludge is stable at Pb mg / K 503 200 As mg / K 1.2 40 Ce mg / K 0.4 < 0.1 [Table 6] Sewer sewage Mud-burning J dagger mixed LC weight parts P bmg As mg Ce mg fly ash 10 parts 0.007 0.007 < 0.001 15 parts 0.002 0.005 < 0.001 20 parts 0.005 0. 005 < 0.001 urban waste incineration 10 parts 0.01 < <

Page 21 ......................................... ... 4147 ^ 1 .................. ........................................ ........................................ ................... 5. Description of the invention (19) 丨 Fly ash 1 5 parts 0.0 0 9 < < 2 0 parts 0.0 04 < < Reference value of soil environment O.Olmg 0. 0 1 in g 0. 0 1 mg [Tenth embodiment] The eleventh figure is an experimental device for fly ash treatment according to the present invention. This device constitutes an additional side channel in the flue of an ordinary incinerator (a). (B), there is also an aqueous solution of | LC-140 of the invention mixed with 20 capacity parts / lm3 (50 times) | cabinet (c), and the above-mentioned LC dilution system liquid is added by high pressure pump (d) Pressure and spray into the side channel (b) through the sprayer i (e), the LC liquid is attracted by the negative pressure of the high pressure pump i i; It is contained, and is introduced into the sink hall (f), where sludge is deposited on the bottom of the tank, and the self-exhaust port (g) only emits treated black smoke and foul-free water vapor, carbon dioxide, etc. gas |, The sludge taken out from the bottom of the sedimentation tank (f) is put into a rotary kiln (h) |: i 丨, and the effluent (i) after 900t firing is formed into a stable valuable product.

I

I [Eleventh Embodiment] The ninth figure shows the results of industrial analysis and element analysis of general waste [MSW] and crusher dust waste [SD]. The above SD contains a slightly higher amount of CL of 2.2% | Component 9 The tenth chart is the heavy metal or trace rare metal of its incineration ash; the analysis result. In the ninth figure, the dioxin precursor Fe20 3 accounts for 4172% (weight percentage) '〇1 ^ accounts for 25.70〇111 yttrium / 1 < £, 211 shell |] is 38,00〇1] 1 hydroxyl / reverse exhaust ° Ya 1J used the incinerator experimental device of the above embodiment to incinerate the aforementioned RDF.

414721,: V. Description of the invention C20) Before the LC liquid was put into it, the chimney (j) produced black smoke and foul odor, but when the LC liquid was first blown in at a pressure of 200 kg / era2, the smoke i ( j) Only white steam is emitted, and all black smoke and malodor disappear. ° This project was obtained by Japan Steel Pipe Measurement Co., Ltd.'s analysis based on JΪS harmful gas analysis method. According to dioxin, the most likely exhaust temperature is 260 aC ~ 350 aC, but the reason for its generation is that the HCL is sharply reduced from 250 ~ 1100 ppm to 2.4 ~ 2.9 ppm, while the dioxin at the steam exhaust | export is 200 ngTEQ, but The average value is 1. QngTEQ / Nm3 In this embodiment, no bag filter is used, and lime is not used as the sorbent. It is obvious that the silane alkoxide solution has the function of a heat-resistant filter, so it can filter and purify hydrochloric acid and dioxin. . In the dissolution test after the sludge was solidified by the rotary kiln (h), the harmful heavy metals were below 0.1 ppm. Even when the towel was covered with the steam outlet (g), no carbon was found. Smoke attaches to the towel and does not smell odorous. The temperature of the sedimentation tank (ί) is based on the endothermic effect of the LC liquid described above, and will not be within the range of 50 to 7 (TC ambient temperature below 100 ° C). [Twelfth implementation Example] The SD series in the ninth and tenth drawings contain a large amount of heavy metals: 1,313 ppm of Pb, 29 ppm of Cd, 38,000 ppm of Zn, 831 ppm of Cr, and 29 ppm of As. Let this be SD: LC = 10: 10 (solid content ratio) mixed, and then put it in an electric furnace to burn after curing for 2 hours at TC (2 hours after TC solidification, and then perform the JIS dissolution test. The test results can reach the above-mentioned soil environment 414721 V. Description of the invention (21 ) [Thirteenth embodiment] The SD in the ninth figure is pulverized, and then the above-mentioned silane alkoxide liquid LC-150 of the present invention is added at 10% by weight and mixed as a burning waste. The mist liquid is a 5% LC (solid content 2, 5%) diluted liquid, and then the LC diluted liquid is pressurized to Kg / Cm2 for combustion as in the eleventh embodiment. Both of the exhaust gas are mixed with LC, and the result can reach 1 liter of the above-mentioned soil environmental reference value, including Pb CL 0 1 mg, Cd 0.01 The target values of mg 'Cr 0.05 rag and As 0.01 mg, but no odor and black smoke were detected by smell and vision. [Fourteenth Example] The original fly ash produced by the melting furnace contains Pb: 17, 000 ppm (supplied by Shinyue Minami Co., Ltd.), and the fly ash is mixed with LC-1 50 to 24% containing 60% of the solid content mentioned above, and then mixed in an electric furnace at 900 After curing for one hour at ° C, it was reduced to (K 0 1 ρ ρ π π or less) by the dissolution test result according to the thirteenth notice of the Japan Environment Agency. [Fifteenth embodiment]

The eleventh figure is a schematic diagram of the incineration device used in the present invention. The structure i is formed in a chimney (j) of a general incinerator (a) and connected with a chimney bypass (b). The LC i diluent (c) is a high pressure The pump (d) is pressurized and the nozzle (e) is sprayed into the side of the chimney (b), and then introduced into the sedimentation tank (f), and the water vapor discharged thereafter will be harmless, odorless and colorless, and the deposits will accumulate. The material is incinerated by the rotary kiln (h) 丨, and the incineration effluent (i) is formed into stable value. ί

Page 24 414721 I. Description of the invention (22) i Use the device in the eleventh figure to incinerate wastes that are mixed with black smoke and malodorous cables i rubber, PVC sheet and styrene foaming debris. If i directly burns it, it will produce intolerable black smoke and foul odors around it, so | stop burning. However, after adjusting the solution of the aqueous solution cabinet (c) of the above device by 2% of the above LC (1% of solid content), the ratio of 1 liter (20g of solid content) of the LC solution to the amount of lm3 combustion gas is calculated by When the nebulizer is injected into the exhaust gas at a pressure of 100Kg / era2 and the incineration is started, no black smoke or foul odor is felt around it. In the sedimentation tank (f), black sludge deposits containing carbon scale are deposited. When the above-mentioned 400 ° C exhaust gas is guided into the aqueous solution cabinet (c) through the exhaust pipe through the LC aqueous solution cabinet provided separately, the foaming and expansion will immediately occur, and the malodor will disappear and be discharged. No black smoke was generated from the steam. Even when polyester coatings are burned, soot and odor can be eliminated, and only purified steam is emitted. In addition, the solution in the aqueous solution cabinet does not need to be discarded, and can be used repeatedly 3 | According to the present invention, it is successful to use the solution of the aqueous film-forming inorganic compound I developed by the inventor. The silanolate solution used in the present invention can be formed even under the current temperature. The exhaust gas temperature of 200 ~ 80 0 ere does not affect the phenomenon of foaming, swelling and film formation. This phenomenon It is filled in the exhaust flue, so that the exhaust containing harmful gases or heavy metals is contained in the bubble film, so it has the role of cooling the exhaust to reduce the temperature and acting as a heat-resistant gel filter. The polluting inclusions are purified and only the harmless steam is emitted. The silanolate liquid alkali metal salts used in the present invention have the function of capturing HCL, and form siloxanes at high temperatures, and have the function of combining heavy metals 414721 V. Description of the invention (23) and the action of oxygen, and solidification After that, it has the effect of preventing the elution of the captured heavy metals. Therefore, the present invention can capture the vaporized metal or hydrochloric acid which is the precursor of dioxin, and has the function and effect of preventing the occurrence of dioxin. The above silanolate solution is based on the amount of CL or heavy metal, and the amount of the mixed solution is 1 to 300%. However, considering the reaction equivalent, the silanolate solution must contain 1 to 5 times the molecular weight of the heavy metal. Solid component. In addition, because the exhaust air supply system can increase the air volume through the air supply device, the actual air supply volume should be proportional to the reaction gas above neutral, and the dilution limit of the solution and the limit of the blow-in volume should be considered. The cooperation of various elements can be confirmed through experiments. According to the present invention, the carbon scale or organic, inorganic inorganic odor and heavy metal-containing fly ash generated by combustion can be simultaneously processed. Especially for the prevention of dioxin generation that must be strictly regulated, it can be treated by exhaust gas. Simultaneous treatment of pollutants such as stench, black smoke and heavy metals 3

Page 26

Claims (1)

6. Scope of patent application 1. A waste treatment agent for treating waste, which is used for enclosing black smoke, malodor or combustion residue, and is characterized in that the treatment agent is composed of siloxane and silane An alkoxide is an aqueous film-forming inorganic compound formed by an effective ingredient. The alkoxide has a general formula [H3Si OS i H3]. The alkoxide is a metal alkoxide having the general formula [Si (HnOH4_ „ )] M-where η is 1 ~ 3, M is Na, K or Li; and the mixing ratio of the mixture of silicon oxide and silicon alkoxide is 1 0 ~ 9 〇: 9 〇 ～ 10 weight percent, The mixture has the following characteristics: PH value 11 ~ 13 Specific gravity 1. 〇 1 ~ 2, 0 Viscosity at normal temperature 1.5 Normal temperature is below 3 0 0 Color is colored and transparent 2. Such as the package of waste in the scope of patent application No. 1 Solid treatment agent, this treatment! Agent is an aqueous film-forming inorganic compound I formed by siloxane and silanolate, and by burning with hazardous waste containing black smoke, stench and heavy metals, fly ash I waste Gas contact and / or mixing with bottom ash produced at the bottom of the device that burns the waste to form To form a film-forming expanded foam, so as to obtain combustion residues whose surface is covered by the generated foam, and at the same time enclose the harmful substances or public pollutants such as black smoke, malodor and heavy metals in the film 0 3. If the encapsulation treatment agent for the waste of item 1 or item 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the surface has been covered with the combustion residue of the film of the encapsulation treatment agent of the aqueous film-forming inorganic compound, Or a mixture of both, Page 29 6. Scope of patent application 1. A waste treatment agent for treating waste, which is used for enclosing black smoke, malodor or combustion residue, and is characterized in that the treatment agent is composed of siloxane and silane An alkoxide is an aqueous film-forming inorganic compound formed by an effective ingredient. The alkoxide has a general formula [H3Si OS i H3]. The alkoxide is a metal alkoxide having the general formula [Si (HnOH4_ „ )] M-where η is 1 ~ 3, M is Na, K or Li; and the mixing ratio of the mixture of silicon oxide and silicon alkoxide is 1 0 ~ 9 〇: 9 〇 ～ 10 weight percent, The mixture has the following characteristics: PH value 11 ~ 13 Specific gravity 1. 〇 1 ~ 2, 0 Viscosity at normal temperature 1.5 Normal temperature is below 3 0 0 Color is colored and transparent 2. Such as the package of waste in the scope of patent application No. 1 Solid treatment agent, this treatment! Agent is an aqueous film-forming inorganic compound I formed by siloxane and silanolate, and by burning with hazardous waste containing black smoke, stench and heavy metals, fly ash I waste Gas contact and / or mixing with bottom ash produced at the bottom of the device that burns the waste to form To form a film-forming expanded foam, so as to obtain combustion residues whose surface is covered by the generated foam, and at the same time enclose the harmful substances or public pollutants such as black smoke, malodor and heavy metals in the film 0 3. If the encapsulation treatment agent for the waste of item 1 or item 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the surface has been covered with the combustion residue of the film of the encapsulation treatment agent of the aqueous film-forming inorganic compound, Or a mixture of both, Page 29 414721 VI. Patent Application Fan Yuan Burning and ceramizing at temperatures above 800 ° C. 4. A method for purifying and treating waste, which involves contacting a treatment agent such as item 1 of the scope of the patent application with the combustion gas or fly ash of the waste, thereby generating a film-forming expanded foam, and forming black smoke and foul odor. Or combustion residues contained in or harmful gases and heavy metals, and also enclose the above-mentioned black smoke, odorous or harmful gases and heavy metals or harmful substances such as heavy metals | Purification and treatment methods for wastes from the burning of black smoke or foul odors, and harmful or harmful substances such as harmful gases and heavy metal contents at the same time. 5. Disposal if the scope of patent application is 4 A method for purifying materials, in which the above-mentioned contact is a water-forming film-forming inorganic compound formed of siloxane and alkoxide as a treating agent, and the contact is made by spraying waste incineration gas. 6. The method for purifying and treating wastes in the scope of patent application item 5, where! When the above-mentioned aqueous film-forming inorganic compounds come into contact with the incineration gas of the waste, the pressure spray The mist device sprays the incineration gas with the aqueous film-forming inorganic compound, and attracts black smoke or foul odor, harmful gases and heavy metals by the negative pressure generated during the spraying. i 7. The method for purifying and treating wastes as described in item 4 of the patent, wherein the contact between the above-mentioned aqueous film-forming inorganic compound and the incineration gas of the waste is to blow the incineration gas of the above waste into the above 20Gt Water-based film-forming inorganic compounds that form combustion residues that can enclose black smoke or foul odors and harmful gases or heavy metals. Page 414721, VI. Patent Application Range 8. — A method of purifying and treating waste, which involves contacting the treatment agent in item 1 of the patent application scope with the bottom ash deposited on the bottom of the incineration device that burns the waste, and A method of purifying and treating waste that generates a film-forming swelling foam, and encapsulates the harmful or public pollutant in a sealed form. 9. If the method of purifying and treating wastes in the scope of patent application No. 4 or No. 8, in which the above-mentioned treatments that simultaneously seal off harmful or public pollutants, or the bottom ash or fly ash generated by incineration of waste After mixing with the above-mentioned aqueous film-forming inorganic compound, it is then heated to more than 800 ° C to form a ceramic, so as to prevent the elution of harmful substances or public pollutants.