A7 A7 經滴部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（1 ) 先前應用參考文件 本應用已被歸檔於美國之專利應用編號〇8/753463之文 件，曰期爲1996年1 1月25曰。 技術領域 本發明與一般以太空爲基礎的電訊系統有關，更特定的 講是不同軌道的衛星間彼此進行衛星控制訊息的通訊。 發明背景 某些傳統衛星電#系終中的衛层具，有與鄰近之共肉享有 相同軌道之衛星間進行通訊的能力。此衛星間的連接稱之 爲互璉且可從一個衛星攜帶語音及數據資料到另—個衛 星。假如有一個地面的基地台向一個目的處的衛星但不是 第一個接收到的衛星傳送控制訊息，則此控制訊息在所選 擇的衛星實際接收到前可能經過很多的互璉路徑。此種從 一個衛星到另一個衛星間的資料或訊息中繼一般稱之爲"跳 躧"。跳躍會消耗可貴的能量及頻寬尤其是經過很多不同衛 星中繼的控制訊息。因此存在著明顯的需要如何讓衛星電 訊系統可減少跳躍的次數於當衛星控制訊息或指令由目的 處衛星所接收之前。此外衛星控制訊息佼m万破舍消餐可 #用來攜帶可產生收埃交通之互璉頻寬，此等可收益的交 通包括（不侷限）有語音、資料或傳眞訊息等。闶此明顯的 需要一個衛星電訊系統可讓互璉上攜帶的衛星控制交通最 小而使可產生收益的交通可用頻寬最大化.。 附圖之簡單説明 附圖1顯示根據本發明的一個較佳實例的衛星電訊系 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) AI.—----訂---- ^------A7 A7 Printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Dist. 5. Description of the Invention (1) Reference Documents of Previous Applications This application has been filed in the US Patent Application No. 0/753463, dated January 1996 25 said. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to telecommunication systems generally based on space. More specifically, the present invention relates to the communication of satellite control messages between satellites in different orbits. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Some conventional satellite televisions have the ability to communicate with satellites that share the same orbit with their neighbors. This connection between satellites is called mutual and can carry voice and data from one satellite to another satellite. If a base station on the ground transmits a control message to a destination satellite but not the first received satellite, the control message may go through many mutual paths before the selected satellite is actually received. This kind of data or message relay from one satellite to another is generally called " jumping ". Jumping consumes valuable energy and bandwidth, especially control messages relayed by many different satellites. Therefore, there is a clear need for how satellite telecommunications systems can reduce the number of hops before satellite control messages or instructions are received by the destination satellite. In addition, satellite control messages can be used to carry interactive bandwidth that can generate traffic to Egypt. Such profitable traffic includes (without limitation) voice, data, or messaging. There is a clear need for a satellite telecommunications system that allows satellites carried on each other to control traffic to a minimum while maximizing the available bandwidth of traffic that can generate revenue. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 shows a satellite telecommunications system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) AI .—---- Order ---- ^ --- ---
Λ 1^1 —^1 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印裝 多、發明説明（2 層方塊圖；及 附圖2顯示-個衛星的高度簡化的方塊圖實例。 較佳實例之説明 本發月具有的用途可讓地球同步軌道的衛星網路與低地 軌C的衛星軌道間進行崎訊。藉由經過地球同步衛星傳輸 衛星控制訊息及命今可以不蒙要經低地軌道的互璉來傳輸 訊…基地σ (即衛星的控制裝備）直接與地球同步衛星通 訊再直接轉送到個別的低地或中高度地球軌道衛星。-個 地球同步衛星的视野可同時直接與數個低地軌道衛星進行 通訊’藉由連接三個或四個地球同步衛星，I個低地軌道 衛星擺置中的任一個均可被看到。 附圖1顯示—個衛星電訊系統1 〇的高度簡化圖，如圖！所 不的電訊系統10包含有至少兩個衛星20及22 ,任意數目 的用户單元3 〇及至少一個的基地台4 〇。一般而言電訊系統 1〇的衛星2〇，22及用户單元3〇及基地台40可被視爲網路 的節點。電訊系統10内的所有節點可經過電訊連接與電訊 系=10内的其它節點進行資料通訊。另外電訊系統1〇的所 有ρ』可與其b散佈在世界的公用交換電話網路及 /或經由傳統地面基地台耦合到pSTN的傳統地面通訊裝 進行資料i®封。 本文所稱的衛星表示人爲的物體或繞地軌道的載具。州 星擺置圖表示安排在軌道上的多個衛星可提供地球部份或 所有的涵蓋（如無線通訊、遠方感測等）。—個衛星擺置— 般包含多個裱（或面）的衛星且每個平面可有相同數目的衛 請 先 閲 讀 背 之 注Λ 1 ^ 1 — ^ 1 The Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the Consumers ’Cooperative Co-operative Society printed a lot of printed, invention descriptions (two-layer block diagrams; and Figure 2 shows a highly simplified block diagram example of a satellite. A description of a better example of this The purpose of the moon is to allow the satellite network between the geosynchronous orbit and the satellite orbit of low earth orbit C to transmit satellite control information through the geosynchronous satellite and to avoid the mutual interference of low earth orbit. Transmission ... Base σ (ie, satellite control equipment) directly communicates with geosynchronous satellites and then directly transfers to individual low- or medium-altitude earth orbit satellites. The view of a geosynchronous satellite can directly communicate with several low-earth orbit satellites simultaneously 'By connecting three or four geosynchronous satellites, any one of the I LEO satellite arrangements can be seen. Figure 1 shows a highly simplified diagram of a satellite telecommunications system 10, as shown in the figure! The telecommunications system 10 includes at least two satellites 20 and 22, any number of subscriber units 30, and at least one base station 40. Generally speaking, the satellites 2 of the telecommunications system 10. 22 and the subscriber unit 30 and the base station 40 can be regarded as nodes of the network. All nodes in the telecommunications system 10 can communicate with other nodes in the telecommunications system = 10 via telecommunication connections. In addition, all of the telecommunications system 10 ρ ”can be used for data sealing with its b distributed in the world's public switched telephone network and / or traditional ground communications equipment coupled to pSTN via traditional ground base stations. Satellites referred to herein refer to man-made objects or orbits around the earth The state satellite map shows that multiple satellites arranged in orbit can provide part or all of the coverage of the earth (such as wireless communication, distant sensing, etc.). One satellite setup generally contains multiple mounts ( Or surface) satellites and each plane can have the same number of satellites, please read the back note first
I 頁 訂 置 衛 -5- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4^5Γ( 210X297/^ A7 B7 五 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 、發明説明 星但不是必要的。 本發明可應用到以太空爲基礎的電訊系統i 0，指定地球 上某特定地區鳥地球上的某個特定細胞格，特別是可移動 於地球表面上細胞格的系統10。衛星20可以是一個單獨的 衛星20或多個擺置於地球軌道的衛星。本發明也可應用到 乂太二爲基礎的電訊系統i 〇，其含有的衛星2 〇地球軌道可 以是任何角廑的傾斜包含有極性角，赤道夾角，傾钭角等 或其它的軌道形式。本發明運用於系統1〇其地面的所有涵 蓋不可達到（即衛星擺置所提供的電訊涵蓋存在有洞）及系 統10需涵蓋地面上的多個地區（即地面上某特定點可看到 多於一個的衛星）。 於本發明的-個較佳實例中，衛星20是-個低地軌道衛 星而衛星22是地球同步衛星；另—個實例中，衛星2〇可以 是-個中地軌道衛星而衛星22是地球时軌道衛星；再另 一個實例中’衛星2G可以是低地軌道衛星而衛星22可以县 中地軌道衛星。可以有多於—個的衛星22服務衛星且這 些衛星22彼此也有通訊聯絡。低地軌道衛星一般的高麿範 園爲700〜1400公里（彻〜8〇㈣哩、，中地軌道衛屋的高 度約10.000公里（6200英哩），产成同步衛星的念磨女 36,000 公里（23,〇〇〇 英哩、。 每個衛星20經由互璉與鄭近的衛星2()進行通訊，這些互 璉形成了以太空爲基礎的行動電訊系統 -個使用者的通訊或電話，包含如(不限制)語：'眞因： 近於地球表面上任何—點位㈣用户單元3g之資科都I page order Wei-5- This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 ^ 5Γ (210X297 / ^ A7 B7) It is printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, and the description of the invention is not necessary. The invention may Applied to a space-based telecommunications system i 0, to designate a specific cell on the earth in a specific region of the earth, especially a system 10 that can move on the surface of the earth. The satellite 20 may be a separate satellite 20 or more satellites placed in earth orbit. The present invention can also be applied to the satellite-based telecommunication system i 〇, which contains satellites 2 〇 Earth orbit can be any angle of inclination including polar angles, equator Included angle, dip angle, etc. or other orbital forms. The present invention is applied to the system 10 where all coverage on the ground is unreachable (that is, there are holes in the telecommunication coverage provided by the satellite arrangement) and the system 10 needs to cover multiple on the ground Area (that is, more than one satellite can be seen at a specific point on the ground). In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, satellite 20 is a low earth orbit satellite and satellite 22 is an earth Satellite; in another example, satellite 20 may be a medium-Earth orbit satellite and satellite 22 is an Earth-time orbit satellite; in another example, 'satellite 2G may be a low-Earth orbit satellite and satellite 22 may be a medium-Earth orbit satellite There can be more than one satellite 22 serving satellites and these satellites 22 also have communication links with each other. The low altitude orbit satellite's general high altitude fan garden is 700 ~ 1400 kilometers (about ~ 80 miles, the height of the middle ground orbital guard house is about 10.000 kilometers (6200 miles), Nynuma women producing 36,000 kilometers (23,000 miles) of geostationary satellites. Each satellite 20 communicates with Zheng Jin's satellite 2 () via mutual communication, and these mutual communication forms A space-based mobile telecommunications system-a user's communication or phone call, including (unrestricted) words such as: 'Cause: Close to anything on the surface of the earth — point location: User unit 3g
A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 -7- 五、發明説明（4 由衛星2 0的擺置組態予以路由到地面上的實際任何其它 點’通訊可以經由其它衛星路由給地面上的用户單元3〇。 衛星20實體上與用户單元3〇及基地台40的通訊（如展頻技 術）則疋此方面的一般已知技術。 當衛星20在衛星22的視界内時，衛星20就經由互璉與衛 星22通訊。衛星2〇並不是一直在衛星22的視界内而只是 在其繞地軌道中的某一段時間在衛星22的視界内。於另— 個實例中有多個衛星2 2，且每個衛星2 〇在其繞地軌道的任 何位置都可與衛星22中的一個進行通訊，每個衛星22甚且 可以與鄰近的衛星22進行通訊。 介於衛星20及22間的互璉所攜帶的衛星控制訊息包括有 (非限制）衛星指令，電訊，交通路由向量，交通連接建 互，釋放訊息，細胞格通道頻率，衛星軌道變動指令，細 胞格關閉排程等°衛星控制訊m卜也能包括有電話連接 管理之資料如附有時間的波束開/關表，附有時間的與無 線通道相關的資料如無線資源的安置及解安置，及附有時 間的輿磨播诵道有關的資料。 衛星22從基地台4〇接收一個或多個衛星的控制訊息並與 適田的衛星20進行通訊，由於衛星22與衛星2〇進行衛星 控制訊息的通訊，衛星20間互璉只攜帶者支援從一個用户 單元30到另—個用户單元3〇間的使用者訊息（如語音，傳 眞及資料等）。 用户單兀3 0可以是位於地面上的任何位置或地球大氣層 内。仃動電訊系統丨〇可容納任何數目的用户單元3 〇，用户 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS )八4雜（2】〇χ297公釐 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（5 ) ~ 單元30最好是能從衛星2〇及/或地面台4〇接收語音或資 料的通訊裝置，舉例言，用户單元30可以是可攜型的行動 衛星細胞格電話可適應的接收及傳送來自衛星2〇及/或基 地台40的傳送；另外用户單元3〇也可以是電腦，能發送電 子郵件訊息，视訊信號或傳眞信等，上面只舉出些很少的 例子。 用户單元30如何實體的傳送語音及/或資料且接收來自 衛星20的語音及/或資料是此領域熟習的技術。本發明的 較佳實例中用户單元3〇與衛星2〇的通訊可使用分割成數個 頻道的有限電磁頻譜，這些頻道可能是L_頻帶，κ_頻帶， s-頻帶或是上述的组合，可以是分頻多向存取iFDMA)及 /或分時多向存取（TDMA)及/或分碼多向存取（cdma; 及其中任意組合的通訊方式，熟悉此方面一般技術的人也 可使用其它的方法。 基地台4 0經由衛星2 2控制及與衛星2 〇通訊，地面上的不 同區域可能有多個基地台40，舉例言，可能有一個基地台 位於檀香山，一個基地台位於洛山磯，另一個基地台位於 華盛頓，D.C。基地台40可提供衛星信號命令給衛星22以 便使衛星2 2及2 0維持彼此在軌道上適當的位置執行其它必 要的管家式的工作。基地台4〇另外也可負貴接收來自衛星 20的語音及/或資料，基地台4〇實體上如何與衛星22；^風 20及/或用户單元3〇進行通訊（如展頻方式）是在此領域熟 習已知的技術。 附圖2顯示高度簡化的衛星2 〇或2 2的方塊圖實例。衛星 +紙張尺度通用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210_>^·7公釐） ---^--Γ1------- (貧先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 β, 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（6 ) 20包含至少兩個收發器30，處理器34及記憶體36。衛星 20的有些收發器30可發送及接收來自衛星22的衛星控制 訊息’而其它的收發器3〇能發送及接收來自其它鄰近衛星 2 0 ’用户單元3 〇及基地台4 0的使用者訊息（如語音，傳眞 及資料）。衛星22的有些收發器30可發送及接收來自衛星 22及來自基地台40的衛星控制訊息。處理器34控制衛星 20，22的所有操作也負責軟體應用程式的執行。記憶體 36則儲存處理器34所執行的軟體程式，雖然附圖2只顯示 個處理器34及一個把憶體3t> ’熟悉此方面技術的人可瞭 解可以有多於一個的處理器及記憶體在衛星2〇及22内，至 於處理器的數目及記憶體的大小對本發明並不重要、 本發明的好處是消除了低地軌道衛星使用互璉提供控制 訊.自、給其它低地軌道衛星的需要性。另一個好處則是只需 罨一步规耀就可從衛屋22傳送通訊衛星控制訊息給衛星 20，因此衛星控制合么可以更快速的刦達指定的低地軌道 衛窟。其它的好處是先前控制訊息使用的頻寬現可由衛星 2,遞帶使用，允許更多可收益的交诵頻寬。 由前文所述，本文後所附的申請專利範圍是意圖涵蓋本 發明的所有不離其精神與範園的修改。舉例言，下面的組 合是可能的：地球同步衛星22與中地或低地軌道衛星2〇進 行通訊，或中地軌道衛星22與低地軌道衛星2〇進行通訊。 -9 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) ( 210X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -7- V. Description of the invention (4 Routed to a practically any other point on the ground by the placement configuration of the satellite 20 'Communication can be routed to the ground via other satellites The user unit 30 of the satellite 20. The physical communication between the satellite 20 and the user unit 30 and the base station 40 (such as spread spectrum technology) is generally known in this respect. When the satellite 20 is within the horizon of the satellite 22, the satellite 20 is Communicates with satellite 22 via mutual communication. Satellite 20 is not always in the horizon of satellite 22, but only in the horizon of satellite 22 for some time in its orbit around the earth. In another example, there are multiple satellites 2 2, and each satellite 20 can communicate with one of the satellites 22 at any position in its orbit around the earth, and each satellite 22 can even communicate with neighboring satellites 22. Between satellites 20 and 22 The satellite control messages carried by each other include (unrestricted) satellite instructions, telecommunications, traffic routing vectors, traffic connection establishment, release information, cell channel frequency, satellite orbit change instructions, and cell closure Schedule and other satellite control information can also include telephone connection management information such as beam on / off table with time, wireless channel related information with time such as wireless resource placement and delocation, and attached There is time to broadcast information about the channel. Satellite 22 receives control information of one or more satellites from base station 40 and communicates with Shida's satellite 20, because satellite 22 and satellite 20 carry satellite control messages. For communication, the 20 satellites only carry user information (such as voice, transmission, and data) from one user unit 30 to another user unit 30. The user unit 30 may be located on the ground. Any location or in the earth ’s atmosphere. The mobile telecommunications system can accommodate any number of user units 30, and the user paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) 8.4 Miscellaneous (2) χ297 mm (please read the back first) Note: Please fill in this page again.) Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed by the Shellfish Consumer Cooperative, A7, B7. 5. Description of the invention (5) ~ Unit 30 should be able to receive speech from satellite 20 and / or ground station 40. The audio or data communication device, for example, the user unit 30 may be a portable mobile satellite cell phone that can adaptively receive and transmit transmissions from the satellite 20 and / or the base station 40; in addition, the user unit 30 may also It is a computer that can send e-mail messages, video signals or messaging, etc., but only a few examples are given above. How the subscriber unit 30 physically transmits voice and / or data and receives voice and / or data from the satellite 20 Data is a familiar technique in this field. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the communication between the user unit 30 and the satellite 20 can use the limited electromagnetic spectrum divided into several channels, which may be L_band, κ_band, s- The frequency band or the combination of the above may be frequency division multidirectional access iFDMA) and / or time division multidirectional access (TDMA) and / or code division multidirectional access (cdma; and any combination of communication methods, familiar with Those of ordinary skill in this regard may use other methods. Base station 40 is controlled by satellite 22 and communicates with satellite 20. There may be multiple base stations 40 in different areas on the ground. For example, there may be one base station in Honolulu, one base station in Luoshanji, and the other The base station is located in Washington, DC. The base station 40 may provide satellite signal commands to the satellite 22 to keep the satellites 22 and 20 in position with each other in orbit to perform other necessary housekeeping tasks. The base station 40 can also receive voice and / or data from the satellite 20, how does the base station 40 physically communicate with the satellite 22; and the wind 20 and / or the user unit 30 (such as spread spectrum method) is Known techniques are known in the art. Figure 2 shows an example of a block diagram of a highly simplified satellite 20 or 22. Satellite + Paper Standard Common Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (210_ > ^ · 7mm) --- ^-Γ1 ------- (Read the notes on the back before filling this page) Order β, printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (6) 20 contains at least two transceivers 30, a processor 34 and a memory 36. Some transceivers 30 of the satellite 20 can send and receive satellite control messages from the satellite 22 ', while other transceivers 30 can send and receive user messages from other nearby satellites 20', the user unit 30, and the base station 40. (Such as voice, transmission and information). Some transceivers 30 of the satellite 22 can send and receive satellite control messages from the satellite 22 and from the base station 40. The processor 34 controls all operations of the satellites 20, 22 and is also responsible for the execution of software applications. The memory 36 stores software programs executed by the processor 34, although FIG. 2 only shows a processor 34 and a memory 3t > 'Persons familiar with this technology can understand that there can be more than one processor and memory Within the satellites 20 and 22, the number of processors and the size of the memory are not important to the present invention. The advantage of the present invention is to eliminate the use of mutual control information provided by low earth orbit satellites. Need. Another advantage is that only one step is required to transmit the communication satellite control message from satellite 22 to satellite 20, so satellite control can more quickly reach the designated low earth orbital satellite. The other benefit is that the bandwidth previously used to control the message can now be used by satellite 2, which allows more profitable recitation bandwidth. From the foregoing, the scope of the patent application attached hereafter is intended to cover all modifications of the invention without departing from its spirit and scope. For example, the following combinations are possible: the geostationary satellite 22 communicates with a medium or low earth orbit satellite 20, or the medium earth orbit satellite 22 communicates with a low orbit satellite 20. -9-This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) (210X297mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)