TW300260B - - Google Patents

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TW300260B
TW300260B TW084108544A TW84108544A TW300260B TW 300260 B TW300260 B TW 300260B TW 084108544 A TW084108544 A TW 084108544A TW 84108544 A TW84108544 A TW 84108544A TW 300260 B TW300260 B TW 300260B
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Eastman Chem Co
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
    • D04H1/43912—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres fibres with noncircular cross-sections
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
    • D04H1/43918—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres nonlinear fibres, e.g. crimped or coiled fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/298—Physical dimension
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/609—Cross-sectional configuration of strand or fiber material is specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/609—Cross-sectional configuration of strand or fiber material is specified
    • Y10T442/611—Cross-sectional configuration of strand or fiber material is other than circular
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y10T442/615—Strand or fiber material is blended with another chemically different microfiber in the same layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y10T442/625—Autogenously bonded
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y10T442/626—Microfiber is synthetic polymer

Description

經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1 ) 技術説明 一般而言，本發明係關於絕緣材料〇更特而言之，本發 明係關於纖維結構，通常由纖維製成墊（mats)形式，其在 典型使用載荷下遣蜃縮時兼具獨特柔軟輿抗壓性，即保持 厚度能力。可將這些纖維結構層壓成途氣片或溥膜。 本發明背景 抗拒熱極限値需要熱絕緣體保護爲眾所週知。典型上， 使用智慧型設計結構將熱極限値影響最小化。寒冷氣候用 外衣，手套，靴子，鞋子，熱内衣等等通常係使用某類型 絕緣體。可使用天然絕緣體，例如，軟毛（down)或軟毛/ 羽毛混合物，可使用合成絕緣體，例如，Thinsulate(商品 名），Thermoloft(商品名）或Microloft(商品名）〇這些絕緣 體在典型載荷壓縮下全部無法保持其厚度^本發明提供具 有先進薄合成絕緣體優點之結構，且其在被壓縮時具有增 加之厚度保持性。 許多有關合成結構之現有專利使用於絕緣嫌上〇該合成 品優點之一在於被潤溼時保持其絕緣値。軟毛在被潤溼時 會陷缩（collapse)。合成品另一優點在於可設計成"薄"結 構，而在無需大量"類軟毛”結構情沉下提供明類保護作用 。衣服製造簡易化爲薄合成品另一優點。 U. S. Patent 4,3〇4,817揭示捲曲聚發纖維（<3 <|pf)絮墊， 一種使用耐久塗層而具光滑性之成份，一種不具光滑性之 成份，以及當作接合劑纖維之成份》這些絮墊可用作衣服 絕緣體。 -4- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS > Λ4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、va 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 £7_ 五、發明説明（2 ) U. S. Patent 4，167,604揭示一種軟毛與合成空心人造短 纖之混合物，並以熱固性榭脂浸溃。可使用在睡袋上。 已使用各類型空心纖維在合成絕緣體上。U. S. Patent 3,772,137揭示由空心纖維製成之高膨鬆結構，輿£卩八 82303034.1揭示較軟絕緣髏用改良空心聚贛纖維。該 EP A纖維包含四個連續空心區域並具有15至35 %總空陈 分率。 U· S. Patent 4,395,455揭示在纖維材料層間使用金屬箔 薄層而減低服飾熱絕緣體中熱傳導之輻射成份。 U. S. Patent 4,992,327揭示一種粘結性結構，其包括70-90%直徑爲3-12微米之微知纖維，5-30%直徑12-50微米 之微細纖維，其中將某些纖維粘合。並提及類似教毛之熱 傳導性。 U. S. Patent 4，136,222揭示一種熱絕緣薄片材料，其包 括接合至泡沫列之鏡反射薄膜（開放或封閉於空氣中），且 僅覆蓋可利用面積之約40到90%。 U. S. Patent 5，102,711揭示一種自身粘合型非織造纖維 網舆多孔薄膜複合物，其中由長絲製成非織造纖維網。 U. S· Patent 5,043,209揭示一種層|衣服墊，包括在外 面之吸汗層舆在内層之透氣膜。 B例簡述 第1圈爲本發明結構所使用典型纖維之橫截面。 第1A圈爲用於製造第1圈中纖維之紡絲孔概要描繪。 第2-5圈爲本發明結構中所使用典型纖維截面。 -5- 本紙張尺度適用中關家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X297公) ' --：----.--·> 象------訂------1 (請先閱讀背而之注意事項再填荇本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（3 ) 第6，7輿8圈爲本發明結構輿各對照物之耐|性，絕緣 性與導熱度比較《形。 第9與第10圈各爲非織造纖維網輿薄片形式之纖維結構 橫截面圈。 本發明詳述 本發明提供包括成型織維之纖維結構，其中在1.00 psi(70.3 g/cm2)下該壓縮纖維結構厚度泛1 4倍具有相同面 積密度，且由相同dpf圓橫截面纖維作爲成型纖維之類似 I缩結構厚度。本發明可用於物件，例如，外套，手套， 小船，鞋等等，且該物件可由本發明揭示結構製成。令人 訝異地，本發明結構特徵在於典型末端使用|力下【例如 ，1 psi(70.3 g/cm2)]厚度保持性。在歷力下所保持厚度直 接轉化成減低熱傳送或改良絕緣性。 本發明被描述爲包括纖維之熱絕緣結構其中 A) 該結構柔軟度等於或低於大約每平方英吋中018英叶 -時（32·2 g-cm/cm2)， B) 在壓縮百分比= 100-Kp式中該結構常數K等於或大於 2.00， C) 該結構具有大約0.3 (0.005 g/cc)至大約3.0 lb/ft3 (0.05 g/cc)之未壓縮密度輿低於0.5 inch (1·27 cm)之未签缩厚度 9 D) 該結構中纖維橫截面上具有一些類似手指之突起， 以使形狀係數大於1.5， E) 該結構中織維在每克中具有大約1·5至大約5.0 cc比 -6- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210 X 297公釐） m atn n I m^i nn .^1^1 n^i ^^^1 n 一- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 300360 A7 B7___ 五、發明説明（4 ) 容舆大約2至大約1 5丹尼（denier)。 利用（1>壓缩至 1 psi (70.3 g/cm2)與（2)恢復至 〇 psi (0.0 g/cm2)能量總和測量柔软度》 在 1 psi (70.3 g/cm2 )載荷下 該結構最初厚度減去最後厚度 壓缩百分比=----—- X 100 該結構最初厚度 p爲該結構最初整醴密度，單位lb/ft3 (g/cc)。 利用等式定義形狀係數 鐵維周長 形狀係數 =一丨 ---------------- fJ 4 it X戴維橫裁面面積 其中周長與面積單位一致。 比容之定義爲1 g纖維佔據之體積（cc)。 以特定張力（一般爲0.1 g/d)將紗或纖維束（tow)捲燒至 已知體積之®柱形狹縫，測定由該織維製成紗或纖維束之 比容。將紗或纖維束捲繞直到完全將狭縫填充爲止。將狭 缝内所含紗重測定至最近0.1 mg 〇然後將比容定義爲： 比容=圓柱形狹縫鳢積（cc) = cc^ @〇.lg/d 完全填充之紗重（g) g 由纖維製成之熱絕緣墊爲眾所皆知之技藝。例如，將類 似絮墊纖維列可利用傳統工具，例如，置於連續移動皮爷 上’形成預定厚度之墊。如果需要的話，可使用傳統枯合 劑，較佳地，傳統製程中穿孔針，可將織維接合在一起。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（〇奶）八4規格（210'_<297公釐) --^----;--·-».-装------訂------♦ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（5 )
本發明熱絕緣墊中所使用纖維特定構型輿獨特性質，而 生成逍於絕緣«之柔軟性舆抗塵性。實除未I缩厚度根據 末端用途與所遣遇環境嚴苛性可由〜1/8 in. (0.32cm)變化 至〜1/2 in. (1.27cm)。表觀導熱度（測量如下文所述）等於 或低於0.5BUT in. (0.072 w/meter/° K，較佳低於0.4 Hr Ft2 T BUT in. (0.058 w/meter/° K) ®
Hr Ft2T 形成本發明結構所使用纖維被設計成具有上述柔软性與 抗廛性。該纖維橫截面中具有一些類似手指之突起，以使 形狀係數大於大約1.5。該類似手指之突起沿著織維縱向 長度延伸。在圈例中已圈示出本發明所使用數種典型橫截 面。 在第1圖中，説明一種纖維橫截面，其中織維主體10具 有一些類似手指之突起12。 第1A圈爲製造第1圈所國示纖維之嘖絲孔概略插述。該 描述説明一典型喷絲板，且僅作爲實例》熟習此技藝人士 可輊易地設計其他形狀纖維用嘖絲板，加第2-5圈所圈示 。因此，對於這些形狀用噴絲板無需在本文中敘述。 就本發明所製造典型纖維實例而言，可使用0.6I.V.聚（ 對位苯二甲酸乙二酵酯）（PET)聚合物。將該聚合物放置 在 1 2〇eC Patterson Conaform dryer 8 小時乾燥至含水量 s 0.003重量百分比。在283*<：下將該聚合物經由Egan extruder挤！成具1.5 inch (3.81cm)直徑，且長度對直徑 -8- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X297公釐） --..----^--袈-- (讀先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
'1T 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印裝 A7 B7 五、發明説明（6 ) —~ 比率爲28:1。將該織維經由8孔嘖絲板擠壓，其中每一嘴 絲孔如第1八圈所示且％爲0.10〇111111，乂2爲4评，父4爲 2评，乂6爲6\¥，又8爲6\^，又10爲7%，乂12爲9\¥，又14 爲 10W，乂16爲11\^，父18爲6%，Θ 2爲 0。 ，04爲45 ° 爲30° ，<?8爲45。。該聚合物通過量大約7 lb (3.18 kg)/hr.。該空氣味冷系統具有錯流（cross-flow)構造 °篩子頂端驟冷空氣速率平均爲294代（89.6 111)/111丨11。在 離篩子頂端大約7 in (17.8公分）處驟冷空氣速率平均大約 279行（85.〇111)/11^11»在離空氣篩子頂端大約21矜（53.3 cm)處平均空氣速率大約34〇 ft (103.6 m)/min »將辉子其 餘部份阻塞住。將15 dpf(每長絲中丹尼數）纖維以每分鐘 中1，500米（MPM)捲燒在Lessona winder。該纖維橫截面期 微照像如第1圈所示。 然後在傳統聚躕短纖加工設備中，使用在7(TC水中2倍 第一隋段通風，在180 °C蒸氣中1.25倍第二ft段通風，將 這些纖維進行加工。利用傳統方式捲曲該纖维，應用親水 性澗滑油，然後在於145。(：烘箱中乾燥5分鏤〇將織維束 切割成所需短纖長度。 第2-5圈説明提供本發明絕緣特性之不同橫截面〇第2 ，3，4舆5説明具有主體1〇與類似手指突起12之纖維。 這些纖維各具有大約3.15，3.8，2.9輿3.8之形狀係數。 本發明結構所使用纖維可以是任何一種可形成上述形狀 且具有上述特性之组合物。例如，該組合物可以是合成或 天然聚合物。其中特別重要的是有機聚合物，例如，聚酯 -9- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閲讀背而之注意事項再填寫本頁) 策. 訂 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（7 ) 類，聚酿胺麵，纖維素醋酸酯，纖維素醋酸丙酸醱，纖維 素醋酸丁酸81。在這些聚合物中，特別被需要的是聚酯， 特指上述實例中聚對位苯二甲酸乙醇酯，聚對位苯甲二酸 己環己叉二甲烯醱輿這些聚醮之共聚物。 在2 5 X)，測量在100 mL含6 0 %重量比酚舆4 0 %重量比 四氯乙烷之溶劑中0.50 g聚合物特性粘度（I.V.) » 使用Sintech (商品名）2 W machine進行墊之賡縮測試方法 ，如下所述： 1. 將樣品預切成可容納测試平台之尺寸丨10 in. X 10 in.，12 in. x 12 in. (25.4 cm x 25.4 cm, 30.5 cm x 30.5 cm)] 0 2. 將樣品置於已知尺寸【2.25 inch (5.72 cm)直徑】測試底 部下之平台上》 3·以下列參數装配壓縮裝置： a. 樣板長度，由纖維最初厚度測定丨2 in. (3.08 b. 十字頭速度，每分鐘中2 in. (3.08 cm) c. 載荷傳感器，逋於高峰載荷[51b或50 lb (2.27 kg或 22.7 kg)] d. 高峰載荷，在伸長時獲得最大力量[每平方英吋中1磅 或 5 磅（70.3 g/cm2 或 351 g/cm2)] e. 鬆弛載荷，在測定最初纖維厚度之載荷（3〇克） f. 恢復負荷，在測定最後纖維厚度之載荷（30克） g_停留時間，保持高峰載荷之時間（60秒） 4_開始該测試並在樣品單一反應位置上多擴環進行。亦可 在相同樣品上多個反應位置上進行測試。 -10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X297公羞） --^----^--Η 装-- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填ftT本頁) 訂 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印袋 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（8 ) 使用Holometrix(商品名）熱流量計熱電導裝置測量非織 造織物表觀熱電導性，如下所述： 使用 Holometrix Model K50/K75 K-Matic 熱流量計導熱儀 器測量由不同類型纖維製成非織造織物之K-factor或導熱 度。該儀器由 Holometrix, Inc.，Thermatest Instruments Division製造。打開該裝置且在校正前熱機一個晚上，然 後進行樣品測試。在每一測試日開始時進行裝置校正且在 多曰測試期間持續保留。利用廠商所供應具有0.253舆 0.256(0.0289 輿 0.0292 w/meter/〇 IQ BTU-IN/(HR-FT2-DEGF)導熱 度兩個1 in. (2.54 cm)厚玻璃纖維複合物校正樣品。一般 每曰校正範固穩定地保持在+/-0_003(或更低）（+/-0.00034 w/meter/° K或更低）BTU-IN(HR-FT2-DEGF)範固内。將 12 in. by 12 in· (30.5 cm by 30.5 cm)非織造樣品設計成足夠 厚度符合儀器製造廠要求，以使以in.爲單位之樣品厚度 不低於以BTU-IN/(HR-FT2-DEGF)爲單位所測得導熱度値 兩倍。該儀器被設計符合ASTM C5 18规格，包括具有加 熱下表面與經冷卻上表面之絕緣室，將樣品放置其間以進 行測試。該下表面藉由样臂（lever arm)移動，以使該樣品 輿上表面接觸，如果需要的話，可壓縮該樣品β利用該儀 器前端上選擇器開關可提供導熱度，樣品厚度，熱流量速 率，與上板及下板溫差數位讀數。亦提供上板輿下板溫度 之數位讀數。將樣品置於絕緣室中，於載入资料前讓其達 到平衡。該平衡定義爲在至少五分鐘内導熱度讀數米改變 » —般在30至60分鐘内會達到平衡，此乃依據樣品總質 -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS > Α4規格（210X297公釐） --^----：--W 策------訂------/ (請先閱讀背而之注意事項再填巧本頁) A7 B7 9〇〇te〇 五、發明説明（9 量輿厚度而定。 製作下列兩個熱接合，6 oz/yd2 (142 g/meter2 )柿絮作爲 比較性測試： 1) 對照物棉絮 85重量％聚對位苯二甲酸乙二醉酯（i_V.=0.60)纖維， 6.5 dpf，2.0 inch (5.08 cm)長度 1 5重量％皮蕊型纖維·外皮爲以一個共單體，例如， 1,4-環己烷二甲酵或二乙二醇（I.V. =〜〇.6〇) 改質之低熔融聚對位苯二甲酸乙二醇贛；蕊 爲聚對位苯二甲酸乙二酵酯（I.V.=0.60) ; 6.5 dpf，2.0 in. (5·08 cm)長度 2) 本發明棉絮 85重量°/〇聚對位苯二甲酸乙二醇88(Ι·ν·=0.62)纖維， dpf=6.0，3.0 inch (7.62 cm)長度 15重量％皮蕊型纖維（與對照物相同） 表格1 纖維性質 性質 本發明 對照物 形狀係數 2.7 1.0 橫截面 如第1圈所示 圓型 溝槽面積佔限定面積之〇/〇 40% 0 第6圈説明這兩個棉絮壓縮性高速1 psi(70.3 g/cm2 )載荷 。對照物棉絮最初厚度大於本發明棉絮（更高，低密度）。 12 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X297公釐） n --·': ! 1^1 —II 人 !--1 I 广请先間讀背面之泣意事項戽填寫本莨) 订 經濟部中央樣準局員工消費合作杜印装 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1〇 ) 然而，在1 psi(70.3 g/cm2)載荷下本發明棉絮所保持厚度 高於對照物柿絮51°/〇(1.51倍），同時基本上保持相同柔軟 度。如此轉化成如第7圈所示絕緣體之優點。第8圈説明 棉絮表觀導熱度爲密度之函數。在第7圈中使用CLO標準 定義。該樣品柔軟度爲〜0.16 inch-lbs/in·2 (28.6 g-cm/cm2 ) ο 第9圈説明本發明絕緣材料用非織造纖維墊14之橫截面 第10圈説明層壓在本發明絕緣材料用透氣板16之非織 造纖維墊橫截面。例如，將Gore-Tex(商品名〉逢氣板材料 之層合物板與非織造纖維層濮粘結成本發明絕緣材料〇非 織造纖維層體厚度爲3/16 inch (0·47 cm)，且該纖維爲6 dpf，2 inch (3.08 cm)長。髏積密度爲 0.5 lb/ft3 (35.2 g/cm2 )。該纖維形狀係數爲2.7。該織維可自發性輸送流 體，例如，汗渍。"自發性輸送"一詞意即一般流體行爲， 特指流體液滴，典型上爲水，當其與單一纖維接觸時液滴 沿著纖維擴散。此種行爲異於一般液滴行爲，其在該液體 輿固態纖維相交處以獨特接觸角形成靜態橢圓形。很明類 地，該橢圆形液滴形成需時甚短，但保持固定狀態〇主要 因素在於空氣，液體，固體界面位置随著時間移動β如果 此種界面僅在液體與織維接觸後移動，則該纖維可自發性 輸送；如果此種界面固定，則該纖維爲非自發性可輸送。 以肉眼可輊易地觀察到大長絲（>每長絲中20丹尼）（dpf)自 發性輸送現象，但如果長絲低於20 dpf，則需要顯微鏡觀 -13- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X297公釐） --：----：--X 装-- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 订 A7 B7 五、發明説明（”） 察。如果使用具顏色流體，可更輊易地觀察到，但是，自 發性輸送現象並非決定於該顏色上。在纖維周緣區域上該 流髏可能比其他區域移動快速。在該情況中，空氣，液體 ，固體界面實際上延伸超過纖維長度。因此，由於空氣， 液體，固體界面以相反於固定相方向移動而使此種纖維亦 可自發性輸送。此種織維揭示於本技藝中，例如，U. S. Patent Nos· 5,268,229 ; 4,707,409 與 5,200,248 ° "透氣膜"一詞意即可輸送水蒸氣但無法透過液態水之材 料膜或薄板。實例包括習知Gore-Tex薄板材料與 Dermoflex (商品名）薄板材料。 本發明已利用特殊相關之較佳具體實施例加以敘述，且 吾人可以了解到，在本發明精神輿範固内可進行改變輿改 良0 ---\----.--乂 策------訂------i (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印聚 -14- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐）

Claims (1)

  1. f 第84108544號專利申請案 中文申請專利範圍修正本(85年1 〇月） 申請專利範圍 1. 一種熱絕緣纖維結構，其中 A) 此結構之柔軟度介於每平方英叶〇 %至〇 18英忖· 砖（10.73至32.2克-厘米/厘米2)， B) 對該結構而言，下列表示式中的常數κ介於2 〇〇和 6.0 〇 間 %壓縮=100-Κρ， C) 此結構具有0.3至3.0碎/英呎立方（〇 〇〇5至〇 〇5克/公 撮）之未壓縮密度，及介於0125和0.5英忖間（0.3175 至1.27厘米）之未壓縮厚度， D) 此結構中之纖維’於橫截面中具有一些類似手指之 突起，以致其形狀因數介於丨·5和7.0間， Ε)此結構中之纖維’具有每克^5至5 〇公撮之比容， 及介於2至15的丹尼値，且其中 柔軟度係藉由（1)壓縮至1 psi(70.3克/厘米2)與（2)恢 復至0psi(0.0克/厘米2)之能量總和度量而得， 在1 psi(70.3克/厘米2)載荷下， 結構之最初厚度減去結構之最後厚度 % 壓縮= - X 1〇〇 結構之最初厚度 p爲此結構之最初體密度，單位爲lb/ft3 (g/cc)， 形狀因數係以下列等式定義 纖維周長 形狀因數=—--- /4ττ X纖維橫截面積 本紙张尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210x297公瘦） --;------^-¾------.玎------^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印裝 經濟部中央榡準局員工消費合作社印製 A8 B8 C8 ______ D8 六、申請專利範圍 其中周長與面積之單位係爲一致，且 比容係定義爲1克纖維佔據之體積（c c)。 2.根據申請專利範園第1項之纖維結構，其中3 〇运κ鑫 6.00 0 3·根據申請專利範圍第1項之纖維結構，其中表觀導熱度 介於 0.19 和 0.5 BTU in.間 ^0.02736 至 0.072 W 、 V ~M^rTJ 4. 根據申请專利範圍第1項之纖維結構，係呈塾之形式。 5. —種由成型纖維所製成之纖維結構，其中在丨〇psi(7〇 3 g/cm2)下，該經壓縮之纖維結構，其厚度爲具有相同面 積搶度且由圓形橫截面纖維所製成之類似經壓·縮纖維結 構厚度之1.4和3.0倍間。 6. 根據申請專利範圍第5項之纖維結構，其係由每纖絲平 均丹尼値爲5到7之聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯所製成，具有一 些類似手指之突起的橫截面，以及具有介於2 6和2 8之 間的形狀因數。 7. —種鞋子或靴子用之絕緣體，其包含根據申請專利範圍 第5項之纖維結構。 8-—種層合物，其中组分之一爲根據申請專利範圍第5項 之纖維結構。 ^氏張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (‘装 訂 ^ ..^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本莧)
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KR100369375B1 (ko) 2003-06-19
JPH10506961A (ja) 1998-07-07
DE69505995D1 (de) 1998-12-17
WO1996010108A1 (en) 1996-04-04
US5731248A (en) 1998-03-24
KR970706425A (ko) 1997-11-03
ATE173306T1 (de) 1998-11-15
DE69505995T2 (de) 1999-07-29
EP0783609A1 (en) 1997-07-16
EP0783609B1 (en) 1998-11-11

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