TW202424264A - Corrosion-resistant structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Corrosion-resistant structure and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TW202424264A TW202424264A TW111147141A TW111147141A TW202424264A TW 202424264 A TW202424264 A TW 202424264A TW 111147141 A TW111147141 A TW 111147141A TW 111147141 A TW111147141 A TW 111147141A TW 202424264 A TW202424264 A TW 202424264A
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- nickel
- corrosion
- phosphorus alloy
- resistant structure
- alloy coating
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 229910001096 P alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynenickel Chemical compound [P].[Ni] OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 101001121408 Homo sapiens L-amino-acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000827703 Homo sapiens Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100026388 L-amino-acid oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100023591 Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101100012902 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) FIG2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100233916 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) KAR5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/48—Coating with alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1675—Process conditions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1675—Process conditions
- C23C18/168—Control of temperature, e.g. temperature of bath, substrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1689—After-treatment
- C23C18/1692—Heat-treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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Abstract
Description
本發明涉及一種耐腐蝕結構及其製造方法，特別是指一種具有鎳磷合金鍍層的耐腐蝕結構及其製造方法。The present invention relates to a corrosion resistant structure and a manufacturing method thereof, and in particular to a corrosion resistant structure having a nickel-phosphorus alloy coating and a manufacturing method thereof.
鋼瓶通常用於儲藏特殊氣體或液體，所以鋼瓶的內壁結構的防腐性要求較高，如果鋼瓶的內壁結構凹凸不平，易使腐蝕性氣體或液體通過表面的微觀凹谷滲入到金屬內層，造成表面腐蝕。因此，通常需對鋼瓶內壁進行防腐處理，以降低鋼瓶內壁結構的粗糙度。其中，現今的防腐處理主要有下列兩種方法： 1、採用內壁表面塗防鏽底漆的方法，此方法在短時間可增加內壁的耐腐蝕性。然而，在長時間使用中，由於不斷充放氣會導致漆層脫落，所以該內壁結構的耐腐蝕性將會大打折扣。此外，脫落的漆層也可能堵塞管道及閥件。 2、磷化處理，即將鋼瓶浸入磷酸、磷酸鹽為主的酸性溶液中，使鋼瓶的內壁結構表面生成一層難溶的磷酸鹽膜層，也就是磷化膜。磷化處理後的內壁結構雖然耐蝕性有提高，但隨著時間的增長，該內壁結構會產生白色磷化粉，磷化粉隨氣體進入管道損壞控制閥件。並且，若反覆磷化，該內壁結構容易產生氫脆的現象，影響使用的安全性。 因此，如何降低鋼瓶內壁結構的粗糙度且長時間提升鋼瓶內壁結構的耐腐蝕性，便是本領域具有通常知識者值得去思量地。 Steel cylinders are usually used to store special gases or liquids, so the inner wall structure of the steel cylinder has high corrosion resistance requirements. If the inner wall structure of the steel cylinder is uneven, it is easy for corrosive gases or liquids to penetrate into the inner layer of the metal through the microscopic valleys on the surface, causing surface corrosion. Therefore, it is usually necessary to perform anti-corrosion treatment on the inner wall of the steel cylinder to reduce the roughness of the inner wall structure of the steel cylinder. Among them, there are two main methods of anti-corrosion treatment today: 1. Use the method of applying anti-rust primer on the inner wall surface. This method can increase the corrosion resistance of the inner wall in a short time. However, in long-term use, the corrosion resistance of the inner wall structure will be greatly reduced due to the continuous filling and degassing, which will cause the paint layer to fall off. In addition, the peeling paint layer may also clog the pipes and valves. 2. Phosphating treatment, that is, immersing the steel cylinder in an acidic solution mainly composed of phosphoric acid and phosphates, so that a layer of insoluble phosphate film is formed on the surface of the inner wall structure of the steel cylinder, that is, the phosphate film. Although the corrosion resistance of the inner wall structure after phosphating treatment is improved, as time goes by, the inner wall structure will produce white phosphating powder, which will enter the pipeline with the gas and damage the control valve. Moreover, if phosphating is repeated, the inner wall structure is prone to hydrogen embrittlement, affecting the safety of use. Therefore, how to reduce the roughness of the inner wall structure of the steel cylinder and improve the corrosion resistance of the inner wall structure of the steel cylinder for a long time is worth considering for those with general knowledge in this field.
本發明之目的在於提供一耐腐蝕結構，該耐腐蝕結構能降低鋼瓶內壁結構的粗糙度，且長時間提升鋼瓶內壁結構的耐腐蝕性。 本發明之耐腐蝕結構包括一基材及一鎳磷合金鍍層，鎳磷合金鍍層是設置於基材上。其中，該鎳磷合金鍍層的表面粗糙度小於2µm，其厚度不小於20µm。 在上所述的耐腐蝕結構中，還包括一中間層置於基材與鎳磷合金鍍層之間。 在上所述的耐腐蝕結構中，該中間層的厚度小於1µm。 在上所述的耐腐蝕結構中，該鎳磷合金鍍層的努普硬度(Knoop hardness)為HK 350~550。 在上所述的耐腐蝕結構中，鎳磷合金鍍層包括88 wt%~90 wt%的鎳金屬。 本發明之目的在於提供一耐腐蝕結構的製造方法，該耐腐蝕結構的製造方法所製作出的耐腐蝕結構的表面具有較低的粗糙度。 本發明之耐腐蝕結構之製造方法包括下列步驟： 首先，提供一基材。之後，沉積一鎳磷合金於該基材上，以形成一表面粗糙度小於2µm的鎳磷合金鍍層。 在上所述的耐腐蝕結構之製造方法中，鎳磷合金鍍層的厚度不小於20µm。 在上所述的耐腐蝕結構之製造方法中，還包括形成一中間層，中間層位於該基材與該鎳磷合金鍍層之間。 在上所述的耐腐蝕結構之製造方法中，該鎳磷合金以無電鍍的方式沉積於該基材上。 在上所述的耐腐蝕結構之製造方法中，該鎳磷合金的沉積速率為0.08µm/min ~0.28 µm/min。 在上所述的耐腐蝕結構之製造方法中，當形成該鎳磷合金鍍層後，對該鎳磷合金鍍層進行一熱處理，該熱處理的溫度為100℃~200℃。 在上所述的耐腐蝕結構之製造方法中，無電鍍的方式使用的無電鍍液的pH值為3~5。 在上所述的耐腐蝕結構之製造方法中，無電鍍液的溫度為80℃~95℃。 本發明具有下述優點：能降低鋼瓶內壁的粗糙度及增加鋼瓶內壁的耐腐蝕性。 為讓本發明之上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細說明如下。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a corrosion-resistant structure, which can reduce the roughness of the inner wall structure of the steel bottle and improve the corrosion resistance of the inner wall structure of the steel bottle for a long time. The corrosion-resistant structure of the present invention includes a substrate and a nickel-phosphorus alloy coating, and the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating is disposed on the substrate. Among them, the surface roughness of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating is less than 2µm, and its thickness is not less than 20µm. In the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant structure, it also includes an intermediate layer disposed between the substrate and the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating. In the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant structure, the thickness of the intermediate layer is less than 1µm. In the corrosion-resistant structure described above, the Knoop hardness of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating is HK 350~550. In the corrosion-resistant structure described above, the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating includes 88 wt%~90 wt% of nickel metal. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a corrosion-resistant structure, wherein the surface of the corrosion-resistant structure manufactured by the manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant structure has a lower roughness. The manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant structure of the present invention includes the following steps: First, a substrate is provided. Then, a nickel-phosphorus alloy is deposited on the substrate to form a nickel-phosphorus alloy coating with a surface roughness less than 2µm. In the manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant structure described above, the thickness of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating is not less than 20µm. In the manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant structure described above, it also includes forming an intermediate layer, the intermediate layer is located between the substrate and the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating. In the manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant structure described above, the nickel-phosphorus alloy is deposited on the substrate by electroless plating. In the manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant structure described above, the deposition rate of the nickel-phosphorus alloy is 0.08µm/min ~0.28 µm/min. In the manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant structure described above, after the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating is formed, the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating is subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature of 100°C to 200°C. In the manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant structure described above, the pH value of the electroless plating solution used in the electroless plating method is 3 to 5. In the manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant structure described above, the temperature of the electroless plating solution is 80°C to 95°C. The present invention has the following advantages: it can reduce the roughness of the inner wall of the steel bottle and increase the corrosion resistance of the inner wall of the steel bottle. In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the following is a preferred embodiment, and is described in detail with the attached drawings as follows.
請參閱圖1，圖1所繪示為本實施例之耐腐蝕結構10的剖視圖及其部分結構的放大圖。本發明之耐腐蝕結構10相當於一鋼瓶的內壁結構，耐腐蝕結構10是包括一基材12及一鎳磷合金鍍層13，基材12的材質例如為不鏽鋼或鋁，且鎳磷合金鍍層13是設置於基材12上。其中，鎳磷合金鍍層13的努普硬度(Knoop hardness)為HK 350~550，且鎳磷合金鍍層13是包括88 wt%~90 wt%的鎳金屬。如此一來，較高的材質硬度與純度極高的鎳金屬便能長時間提升鋼瓶內壁結構的耐腐蝕性。 上述中，所謂鎳磷合金鍍層13設置在基材12上，並不侷限於鎳磷合金鍍層13是直接沉積於基材12上，鎳磷合金鍍層13與基材12之間還能沉積其他的薄膜。 此外，在本實施例中，鎳磷合金鍍層13的厚度需不小於20µm，也就是大於或至少等於20µm，詳細原因說明如下： 首先，請參閱圖2，圖2所繪示為不同厚度的鎳磷合金鍍層13與鎳磷合金鍍層13表面的粗糙度之對照圖表。申請人使用多個不同厚度的鎳磷合金鍍層13，並量測各個厚度的鎳磷合金鍍層13表面的粗糙度進行比較，最終結果如圖2的對照圖表。 經由圖2的對照圖表能清楚的得知，當鎳磷合金鍍層13的厚度為15 µm時，其表面的粗糙度為2.3µm，而磷合金鍍層13的厚度為20 µm時，其表面的粗糙度為1.9µm。並且，當鎳磷合金鍍層13的厚度越大時，鎳磷合金鍍層13的表面會具有更小的粗糙度，例如：厚度為50µm的磷合金鍍層13的表面的粗糙度為1.48µm。因此，當鎳磷合金鍍層13的厚度不小於20µm時，鎳磷合金鍍層13的表面的粗糙度會小於2 µm，已經是非常平整。這樣一來，鎳磷合金鍍層13便不容易讓腐蝕性氣體或液體透過表面的微觀凹谷滲入到基材12內，避免耐腐蝕結構10的表面被腐蝕。 請參閱圖3，圖3所繪示為另一實施例之耐腐蝕結構20的的剖視圖及其部分結構的放大圖。耐腐蝕結構20與耐腐蝕結構10的差異在於：耐腐蝕結構20還包括一中間層24，中間層24是設置於基材12與鎳磷合金鍍層13之間，中間層24的厚度是小於1µm。在本實施例中，中間層的材質例如為鈀 (Pd)，且中間層有助於鎳磷合金鍍層13提供良好的導電層及附著力，避免鎳磷合金鍍層13腐蝕脫落。 此外，鎳磷合金沉積時，會因其微結構與基材12不同，而使沉積形成的薄膜產生一壓應力或張硬力，當該薄膜沉積越厚，其應力也越大，過大的硬力會使薄膜和基材12脫落。因此，鎳磷合金鍍層13的厚度較佳為不大於50µm. 上述內容主要是揭露耐腐蝕結構10及耐腐蝕結構20的構造為主，下方將配合圖4及圖5分別來說明如何製作出耐腐蝕結構10與耐腐蝕結構20。 首先，請參閱步驟S1，提供一基材12，基材12的材質例如為不繡鋼或鋁。 之後，請參閱步驟S2，沉積一鎳磷合金於基材12上，以形成一表面粗糙度小於2µm的鎳磷合金鍍層13。具體來說，該鎳磷合金是以無電鍍的方式沉積於基材上12，無電鍍鎳的方式所使用的無電鍍液的pH值為3~5，而該無電鍍液的溫度為80℃~95℃，以使該鎳磷合金的沉積速率為0.08µm/min ~0.28 µm/min。這樣一來，便能形成厚度均勻的鎳磷合金鍍層13。 上述中，無電鍍的方式所牽涉到的製程，例如：前處理→除油→水洗→酸洗(硫酸或硫酸鈉溶液)→水洗→微蝕→水洗→預浸（H2SO4）→活化（Pd觸媒）→水洗→化學鎳（Ni/P）→水洗→烘乾，是本領域具有通常知識者所熟悉，故將不在本說明書詳細說明。 此外，在步驟S2後，通常還會對鎳磷合金鍍層13進行一熱處理，且該熱處理的溫度為100℃~200℃。這是因為使用無電鍍方式沉積的薄膜較不致密，易含有水氣於微孔隙中，熱處理能讓水氣發散，有助於增加鎳磷合金鍍層13的緻密性並提升其硬度。 本發明另一實施例之耐腐蝕結構20之製造方法包括下列步驟： 首先，請參閱步驟S21，提供一基材12。之後，請參閱步驟S22，沉積一鈀金屬於基材12上，以形成一厚度小於1µm的中間層24，中間層的材質例如為鈀 (Pd)。之後，請參閱步驟S23，沉積一鎳磷合金於中間層24上，以形成一表面粗糙度小於2µm的鎳磷合金鍍層13。如此一來，便完成本實施例之耐腐蝕結構20。 綜上所述，本發明之耐腐蝕結構有效降低鋼瓶內壁結構的粗糙度，且長時間提升鋼瓶內壁結構的耐腐蝕性。 雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作些許之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 Please refer to FIG. 1, which shows a cross-sectional view of the corrosion-resistant structure 10 of the present embodiment and an enlarged view of a part of the structure. The corrosion-resistant structure 10 of the present invention is equivalent to the inner wall structure of a steel bottle. The corrosion-resistant structure 10 includes a substrate 12 and a nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13. The material of the substrate 12 is, for example, stainless steel or aluminum, and the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 is disposed on the substrate 12. The Knoop hardness of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 is HK 350-550, and the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 includes 88 wt%-90 wt% of nickel metal. In this way, the higher material hardness and extremely high purity nickel metal can improve the corrosion resistance of the inner wall structure of the steel bottle for a long time. In the above, the so-called nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 is set on the substrate 12, which is not limited to the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 being directly deposited on the substrate 12. Other thin films can also be deposited between the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 and the substrate 12. In addition, in this embodiment, the thickness of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 must be not less than 20µm, that is, greater than or at least equal to 20µm. The detailed reasons are as follows: First, please refer to Figure 2, which shows a comparison chart of nickel-phosphorus alloy coatings 13 of different thicknesses and the roughness of the surface of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13. The applicant used a plurality of nickel-phosphorus alloy coatings 13 of different thicknesses and measured the roughness of the surface of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coatings 13 of each thickness for comparison. The final result is shown in the comparison chart of Figure 2. It can be clearly seen from the comparison chart of FIG. 2 that when the thickness of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 is 15 µm, the surface roughness is 2.3 µm, and when the thickness of the phosphorus alloy coating 13 is 20 µm, the surface roughness is 1.9 µm. Moreover, when the thickness of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 is greater, the surface roughness of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 will be smaller, for example, the surface roughness of the phosphorus alloy coating 13 with a thickness of 50 µm is 1.48 µm. Therefore, when the thickness of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 is not less than 20 µm, the surface roughness of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 will be less than 2 µm, which is already very flat. In this way, the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 is not easy to allow corrosive gases or liquids to penetrate into the substrate 12 through the microscopic valleys on the surface, thereby preventing the surface of the corrosion-resistant structure 10 from being corroded. Please refer to FIG. 3, which shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the corrosion-resistant structure 20 and an enlarged view of a part of the structure. The difference between the corrosion-resistant structure 20 and the corrosion-resistant structure 10 is that the corrosion-resistant structure 20 also includes an intermediate layer 24, which is disposed between the substrate 12 and the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13, and the thickness of the intermediate layer 24 is less than 1µm. In this embodiment, the material of the middle layer is, for example, palladium (Pd), and the middle layer helps the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 to provide a good conductive layer and adhesion, thereby preventing the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 from corroding and falling off. In addition, when the nickel-phosphorus alloy is deposited, the deposited film will generate a compressive stress or tensile force due to its different microstructure from the substrate 12. The thicker the film is deposited, the greater the stress. Excessive force will cause the film to fall off from the substrate 12. Therefore, the thickness of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 is preferably not more than 50µm. The above content mainly discloses the structures of the corrosion-resistant structure 10 and the corrosion-resistant structure 20. The following will respectively illustrate how to make the corrosion-resistant structure 10 and the corrosion-resistant structure 20 with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5. First, please refer to step S1 to provide a substrate 12, the material of the substrate 12 is, for example, stainless steel or aluminum. Then, please refer to step S2 to deposit a nickel-phosphorus alloy on the substrate 12 to form a nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 with a surface roughness less than 2µm. Specifically, the nickel-phosphorus alloy is deposited on the substrate by electroless plating 12. The pH value of the electroless plating solution used in the electroless nickel plating method is 3~5, and the temperature of the electroless plating solution is 80℃~95℃, so that the deposition rate of the nickel-phosphorus alloy is 0.08µm/min~0.28 µm/min. In this way, a nickel-phosphorus alloy coating with uniform thickness can be formed 13. The processes involved in the electroless plating method, such as pretreatment → degreasing → water washing → pickling (sulfuric acid or sodium sulfate solution) → water washing → micro etching → water washing → pre-immersion (H2SO4) → activation (Pd catalyst) → water washing → chemical nickel (Ni/P) → water washing → drying, are familiar to those with ordinary knowledge in this field, so they will not be described in detail in this manual. In addition, after step S2, the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 is usually subjected to a heat treatment, and the temperature of the heat treatment is 100°C~200°C. This is because the film deposited by electroless plating is less dense and easily contains water vapor in the micropores. Heat treatment can allow the water vapor to disperse, which helps to increase the density of the nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 13 and improve its hardness. The manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant structure 20 of another embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: First, please refer to step S21 to provide a substrate 12. Then, please refer to step S22 to deposit a palladium metal on the substrate 12 to form an intermediate layer 24 with a thickness of less than 1µm. The material of the intermediate layer is, for example, palladium (Pd). Afterwards, please refer to step S23, a nickel-phosphorus alloy is deposited on the intermediate layer 24 to form a nickel-phosphorus alloy coating layer 13 with a surface roughness less than 2µm. In this way, the corrosion-resistant structure 20 of this embodiment is completed. In summary, the corrosion-resistant structure of the present invention effectively reduces the roughness of the inner wall structure of the steel bottle and improves the corrosion resistance of the inner wall structure of the steel bottle for a long time. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with common knowledge in the relevant technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of the patent application attached hereto.
10、20:耐腐蝕結構 12:基材 13:鎳磷合金鍍層 24:中間層 S1~S2:步驟 S21~S23:步驟 10, 20: Corrosion-resistant structure 12: Substrate 13: Nickel-phosphorus alloy coating 24: Intermediate layer S1~S2: Steps S21~S23: Steps
圖1所繪示為本實施例之耐腐蝕結構10的剖視圖及其部分結構的放大圖。 圖2所繪示為不同厚度的鎳磷合金鍍層13與其表面的粗糙度之對照圖表。 圖3所繪示為另一實施例之耐腐蝕結構20的的剖視圖及其部分結構的放大圖。 圖4所繪示為本實施例之耐腐蝕結構10的製造方法。 圖5所繪示為另一實施例之耐腐蝕結構20的製造方法。 FIG1 shows a cross-sectional view of the corrosion-resistant structure 10 of the present embodiment and an enlarged view of a part of its structure. FIG2 shows a comparison chart of nickel-phosphorus alloy coating layers 13 of different thicknesses and the roughness of their surfaces. FIG3 shows a cross-sectional view of a corrosion-resistant structure 20 of another embodiment and an enlarged view of a part of its structure. FIG4 shows a manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant structure 10 of the present embodiment. FIG5 shows a manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant structure 20 of another embodiment.
10:耐腐蝕結構 10: Corrosion-resistant structure
12:基材 12: Base material
13:鎳磷合金鍍層 13: Nickel-phosphorus alloy coating
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2022
- 2022-12-08 TW TW111147141A patent/TW202424264A/en unknown
-
2023
- 2023-02-10 CN CN202320177833.XU patent/CN219861576U/en active Active
- 2023-02-10 CN CN202310095337.4A patent/CN116043201A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN219861576U (en) | 2023-10-20 |
| CN116043201A (en) | 2023-05-02 |
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