TW202337733A

TW202337733A - Electric vehicle energy conversion management system and its implementation method

Info

Publication number: TW202337733A
Application number: TW111110113A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 潘智正; 謝宗秉
Original assignee: 和緯車輛技術股份有限公司
Priority date: 2022-03-18
Filing date: 2022-03-18
Publication date: 2023-10-01
Also published as: TWI800313B

Abstract

An electric vehicle energy conversion management system includes a main battery pack, which can generate a state signal of the main battery. A switched battery pack can generate a switched battery status signal; An electric power upper controller is connected with the main battery pack information; A switching control unit, connected with the switching battery pack and the electrical power upper controller information, can receive the switching battery status signal, and through calculation to generate a switching battery system can output power information and a control command; The electric power upper controller can receive the state signal of the main battery, a power demand information and the output power information of the switched battery system, and generate a first demand power information and a motor torque control command through calculation. A power conversion controller, can be power conversion and output current control; A motor drive controller, can receive the motor torque control command, to control the output of motor power.

Description

Electric vehicle energy conversion management system and its implementation method

[0001]本發明涉及一種電動車能源轉換管理系統及其實施方法，本發明尤指一種具有可更換式電池模組的系統架構設計，並透過能源轉換管理系統來管理電源的輸出，以達到延長主電池組壽命，並增加電動車輛續航里程之目的。 The present invention relates to an electric vehicle energy conversion management system and its implementation method. The present invention particularly refers to a system architecture design with a replaceable battery module, and manages the output of the power supply through the energy conversion management system to achieve extended The purpose of extending the life of the main battery pack and increasing the cruising range of electric vehicles.

[0002]隨著科技的進步，社會的發展，電動車作為一種新能源綠色環保產品而受到人們的喜愛。電動車是一種以蓄電池為能源的交通工具，電池是電動車最重要的部件之一。隨著市場和用戶群體對於續航里程和電機功率要求的持續提升，單電池系統已無法滿足需求。現有的電動車單電池系統，存在續航不長的問題，容易導致用戶的里程焦慮，帶來不好的行車體驗。由於只有一個電池供電，當供電電池發生故障時無替換電池，影響行車的安全性和穩定性。此外，為了延長續航里程，單電池的體積較大，攜帶不方便，且一般的電動車輛的單電池輸出並未針對車輛即時用電需求進行規劃，使得電動車輛的電池消耗也相對快速。 [0002] With the advancement of science and technology and the development of society, electric vehicles are favored by people as a new energy, green and environmentally friendly product. An electric vehicle is a vehicle that uses batteries as energy. The battery is one of the most important components of an electric vehicle. As the market and user groups continue to increase their requirements for cruising range and motor power, single-battery systems can no longer meet the demand. The existing single-battery system of electric vehicles has the problem of short battery life, which can easily lead to users’ mileage anxiety and a bad driving experience. Since there is only one battery for power supply, there is no replacement battery when the power supply battery fails, which affects the safety and stability of driving. In addition, in order to extend the cruising range, the single battery is large in size and inconvenient to carry, and the single battery output of general electric vehicles is not planned according to the vehicle's immediate power demand, making the battery consumption of electric vehicles relatively fast.

[0003]鑒於以上內容，有必要提供一種電動車能源轉換管理系統及電池更換系統。 [0004]本發明提供了一種電動車能源轉換管理系統，應用於一電動車輛，並可接收該電動車輛產生的一動力需求資訊，包含一主電池組，設有一第一電池芯監控單元，該第一電池芯監控單元可監控該主電池組的狀態並產生一主電池狀態訊號；一交換式電池組，設有一第二電池芯監控單元，該第二電池芯監控單元可監控該交換式電池組的狀態並產生一交換式電池狀態訊號；一電力動力上位控制器，與該主電池組資訊連接；一交換式控制單元，與該交換式電池組及該電力動力上位控制器資訊連接，可接收該交換式電池狀態訊號，並經過計算產生一交換式電池系統可輸出功率資訊及一控制命令；其中，該電力動力上位控制器可在接收該主電池狀態訊號、該動力需求資訊以及該交換式電池系統可輸出功率資訊後，經過計算產生一第一需求功率資訊與一馬達扭力控制命令；一電源轉換控制器，分別與該主電池組及該交換式電池組電性連接，並可接收該交換式控制單元的該控制命令，以進行電源轉換及輸出電流控制；一馬達驅動控制器，與該電力動力上位控制器資訊連結，可接收該馬達扭力控制命令，以進行馬達動力的輸出控制。 [0005]在一個實施例中，該主電池組為固定於該電動車輛且為不可更換的電池組，該交換式電池組則可相對於該電動車輛進行可拆卸式更換的電池組。 [0006]在一個實施例中，該主電池狀態訊號及該交換式電池狀態訊號包含電池目前電量、電池最大輸出功率、電池溫度。 [0007]在一個實施例中，該電動車能源轉換管理系統包含多個電池管理系統，該些電池管理系統分別與該主電池組以及該交換式電池組資訊連結，用以對該主電池組及該交換式電池組進行電池保護管理作業。 [0008]在一個實施例中，該電動車能源轉換管理系統的通訊傳輸介面為控制器區域網路。 [0009]本發明提供了一種管理電動車能源的方法，包含：該主電池組及該交換式電池組分別提供一主電池狀態訊號及一交換式電池狀態訊號；依據該交換式電池狀態訊號，經過計算取得一交換式電池系統可輸出功率資訊及一控制命令；依據該主電池狀態訊號、一動力需求資訊以及該交換式電池系統可輸出功率資訊，經過計算產生一第一需求功率資訊與一馬達扭力控制命令；透過該控制命令進行電源轉換及輸出電流控制；以及依據該馬達扭力控制命令進行馬達動力的輸出控制。 [0010]在一個實施例中，產生該馬達扭力控制命令後，該主電池組及該交換式電池組的放電模式如下：（1）第一步驟：該主電池組電量介於100%與80%之間時，不進行電源轉換控制，因此該交換式電池組不放電，由該主電池組單獨提供所需電力；（2）第二步驟：該主電池組電量介於80%與60%之間時，車輛所需電力由該主電池組與該交換式電池組共同放電來提供，透過主動式電源轉換方式控制該交換式電池組在低基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出；（3）第三步驟：該主電池組電量維持在60%時，車輛所需電力由該主電池組與該交換式電池組共同放電來提供，該交換式電池組在額定基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，且該交換式電池組電量需在40%以上才能以此模式放電；（4）第四步驟：底盤主電池組電量介於60%與50%之間，車輛所需電力由該主電池組與該交換式電池組共同放電來提供，此時，因交換式電池組電量已低於40%，故僅能控制電源轉換單元與交換式電池組在低基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，該主電池組與該交換式電池組電量均會持續下降；（5）第五步驟：更換電量充足的該交換式電池組後，使該主電池組電量逐漸回升至平衡電量60%，車輛所需電力由主電池組與交換式電池組共同放電提供，由於此情境下交換式電池組在高基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，因此能提供多餘電力對主電池組進行充電來提升電量；（6）第六步驟：依一行控中心管控要求，該主電池組需回復至正常運作的60%平衡電量，當該主電池組回復至60%電量時，此時該主電池組與該交換式電池組依該第三步驟的模式供應電動車輛所需電力。 [0011]在一個實施例中，該第三步驟與該第四步驟之間還包含一警示步驟，該警示步驟為：若該交換式電池組電量已低於40%，將無法繼續以額定基載功率輸出方式放電來維持該主電池組電量，此時一行控中心將發出一更換訊息至電動車提醒駕駛進行該交換式電池組的更換。 [0012]在一個實施例中，該第四步驟與該第五步驟之間還包含一第一子步驟，該第一子步驟為：該主電池組電量介於50%與40%之間時，若持續無法更換交換式電池組導致其電量低於30%，此時將不再進行電源轉換，交換式電池組則為閒置狀態不再放電，僅由該主電池組以降載限制輸出的狀態單獨放電提供所需電力。 [0013]在一個實施例中，產生該馬達扭力控制命令後，該主電池組及該交換式電池組的放電模式如下：（1）第一步驟：該主電池組電量介於100%與80%之間時，該交換式電池組不放電，僅由該主電池組單獨提供所需電力；（2）第二步驟：該主電池組電量介於80%與60%之間時，車輛所需電力由該主電池組與該交換式電池組共同放電來提供，該交換式電池組在低基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出；（3）第三步驟：該主電池組電量維持在60%時，車輛所需電力由該主電池組與該交換式電池組共同放電來提供，該交換式電池組在額定基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，且該交換式電池組電量需在40%以上才能以此模式放電；（4）第四步驟：底盤主電池組電量介於60%與50%之間，車輛所需電力由該主電池組與該交換式電池組共同放電來提供，此時，該交換式電池組僅能在低基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，該主電池組與該交換式電池組電量均會持續下降；（5）第五步驟：更換電量充足的該交換式電池組後，使該主電池組電量逐漸回升至平衡電量60%，車輛所需電力由主電池組與交換式電池組共同放電提供，由於此情境下交換式電池組在高基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，因此能提供多餘電力對主電池組進行充電來提升電量；（6）第六步驟：依一行控中心管控要求，須提升底盤主電池組的平衡電量至60%以上，在交換式電池組電量高於60%的條件下，控制其放電功率在高基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，主電池組即利用其提供的多餘電力進行充電以達到要求的目標電量，當該主電池組電量提升至行控中心要求的平衡電量後，此時該主電池組與該交換式電池組依該第三步驟的模式供應電動車輛所需電力。 [0014]相較現有技術，上述的電動車能源轉換管理系統能夠更好地提供電動車輛的電池進行放電時的電源輸出管理，並提供可更換的電池模組，已有效延長電動車輛的續航力。 [0003] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an electric vehicle energy conversion management system and a battery replacement system. [0004] The present invention provides an electric vehicle energy conversion management system, which is applied to an electric vehicle and can receive a power demand information generated by the electric vehicle. It includes a main battery pack and is provided with a first battery core monitoring unit. The first battery cell monitoring unit can monitor the status of the main battery pack and generate a main battery status signal; an exchangeable battery pack is provided with a second battery cell monitoring unit, and the second battery cell monitoring unit can monitor the exchangeable battery The status of the battery pack and generates a switching battery status signal; an electric power upper controller is connected to the main battery pack; a switching control unit is connected to the switching battery pack and the electric power upper controller to be able to Receive the switching battery status signal and generate a switching battery system through calculation to output power information and a control command; wherein, the electric power upper controller can receive the main battery status signal, the power demand information and the switching After the battery system can output power information, it calculates and generates a first demand power information and a motor torque control command; a power conversion controller is electrically connected to the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack respectively, and can receive The control command of the switching control unit is used to perform power conversion and output current control; a motor drive controller is information-linked with the electric power upper controller and can receive the motor torque control command to control the output of the motor power. . [0005] In one embodiment, the main battery pack is a battery pack that is fixed to the electric vehicle and is non-replaceable, and the exchangeable battery pack is a battery pack that can be detachably replaced with the electric vehicle. [0006] In one embodiment, the main battery status signal and the switching battery status signal include the current battery capacity, the battery's maximum output power, and the battery temperature. [0007] In one embodiment, the electric vehicle energy conversion management system includes a plurality of battery management systems. The battery management systems are respectively connected to the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack information to control the main battery pack. and perform battery protection and management operations on the exchangeable battery pack. [0008] In one embodiment, the communication transmission interface of the electric vehicle energy conversion management system is a controller area network. [0009] The present invention provides a method for managing electric vehicle energy, including: The main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack provide a main battery status signal and an exchangeable battery status signal respectively; According to the exchangeable battery status signal, Obtain the output power information and a control command of an exchangeable battery system through calculation; generate a first demand power information and a control command through calculation based on the main battery status signal, a power demand information and the output power information of the exchangeable battery system. Motor torque control command; power conversion and output current control are performed through the control command; and motor power output control is performed based on the motor torque control command. [0010] In one embodiment, after generating the motor torque control command, the discharge modes of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack are as follows: (1) First step: the main battery pack power is between 100% and 80% When between %, no power conversion control is performed, so the exchangeable battery pack does not discharge, and the main battery pack alone provides the required power; (2) Second step: The main battery pack power is between 80% and 60% When between, the power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the switching battery pack, and the output of the switching battery pack is controlled to vary between low base load power and maximum power through active power conversion; ( 3) The third step: When the power of the main battery pack is maintained at 60%, the power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack. The exchangeable battery pack operates at rated base load power and maximum power. The output varies between, and the power of the swap battery pack must be above 40% before it can be discharged in this mode; (4) Step 4: The power of the chassis main battery pack is between 60% and 50%, and the power required by the vehicle is The main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack are discharged together to provide power. At this time, because the power of the exchangeable battery pack is less than 40%, the power conversion unit and the exchangeable battery pack can only be controlled to operate at low base load power and maximum power. If the output changes between times, the power of both the main battery pack and the swappable battery pack will continue to decrease; (5) The fifth step: After replacing the swappable battery pack with sufficient power, the power of the main battery pack will gradually rise back to the balanced power. 60%, the power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the switching battery pack. Since the switching battery pack changes its output between high base load power and maximum power in this situation, it can provide excess power to the main battery pack. Charge to increase the power; (6) Step 6: According to the control requirements of the line control center, the main battery pack needs to return to 60% of the balanced power of normal operation. When the main battery pack returns to 60% of the power, the The main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack supply the electric power required by the electric vehicle according to the mode of the third step. [0011] In one embodiment, a warning step is also included between the third step and the fourth step. The warning step is: if the power of the exchangeable battery pack is lower than 40%, it will not be able to continue to operate on a rated basis. The main battery pack is discharged in the load-carrying power output mode to maintain the power of the main battery pack. At this time, a traffic control center will send a replacement message to the electric vehicle to remind the driver to replace the swappable battery pack. [0012] In one embodiment, a first sub-step is also included between the fourth step and the fifth step. The first sub-step is: when the main battery pack power is between 50% and 40%. , if the swappable battery pack continues to be unable to be replaced and its power is lower than 30%, power conversion will no longer be performed at this time, the swappable battery pack will be idle and no longer discharged, and only the output of the main battery pack will be limited by load reduction. Individual discharges provide the required power. [0013] In one embodiment, after generating the motor torque control command, the discharge modes of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack are as follows: (1) First step: The main battery pack power is between 100% and 80% When the power of the main battery pack is between 80% and 60%, the exchangeable battery pack does not discharge, and only the main battery pack provides the required power; (2) The second step: When the power of the main battery pack is between 80% and 60%, the vehicle The required power is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack. The exchangeable battery pack changes its output between low base load power and maximum power; (3) The third step: The power of the main battery pack is maintained at At 60%, the power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack. The exchangeable battery pack changes its output between the rated base load power and the maximum power, and the exchangeable battery pack requires This mode can only be discharged when it is above 40%; (4) Step 4: The power of the chassis main battery pack is between 60% and 50%, and the power required by the vehicle is discharged by the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack. Provided, at this time, the exchangeable battery pack can only change the output between low base load power and maximum power, and the power of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack will continue to decrease; (5) Step 5: Replace the power After the exchangeable battery pack is fully charged, the power of the main battery pack gradually rises to 60% of the balance capacity. The power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack. In this situation, the exchangeable battery pack is at high The output varies between the base load power and the maximum power, so it can provide excess power to charge the main battery pack to increase the power; (6) Step 6: According to the control requirements of the line control center, the balance power of the chassis main battery pack must be increased to More than 60%, under the condition that the power of the exchangeable battery pack is higher than 60%, control its discharge power to change the output between high base load power and maximum power, and the main battery pack will use the excess power provided by it to charge to meet the requirements. The target power of the main battery pack is increased to the balance power required by the traffic control center. At this time, the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack supply the power required by the electric vehicle according to the mode of the third step. [0014] Compared with the existing technology, the above-mentioned electric vehicle energy conversion management system can better provide power output management when the battery of the electric vehicle is discharging, and provides replaceable battery modules, which has effectively extended the endurance of the electric vehicle.

[0016]以下描述包含關於本發明中例示實施方式的具體資訊。本發明中的附圖及其伴隨的詳細描述僅是針對例示的實施方式。然而，本發明並不限於這些例示實施方式。本領域技術人員將意識到本發明的其他變型和實施方式。此外，本發明中的附圖和例示一般不按比例繪製，且非對應於實際的相對尺寸。 [0017]請參閱圖1及圖2，一種電動車能源轉換管理系統10，應用於一電動車輛，並可接收該電動車輛產生的一動力需求資訊，該電動車能源轉換管理系統10包含一主電池組101，設有一第一電池芯監控單元1011，該第一電池芯監控單元1011可監控該主電池組101的狀態並輸出一主電池狀態訊號M1；一交換式電池組102，設有一第二電池芯監控單元1021，該第二電池芯監控單元1021可監控該交換式電池組102的狀態並輸出一交換式電池狀態訊號M2，而該交換式電池組102主要由多個電池模組所組成，並非由單一電池模組構成，一實施例中，該主電池組101為固定於該電動車輛且為不可更換的電池組，該交換式電池組102則為相對於該電動車輛可進行拆卸式更換的電池組，透過此雙電池組的系統架構設計，可提升該電動車輛的續航力，承上，又一實施例中，該主電池狀態訊號M1及該交換式電池狀態訊號M2包含電池目前電量、電池最大輸出功率、電池溫度等相關資訊；一電力動力上位控制器104，與該主電池組101資訊連接；一交換式控制單元105，與該交換式電池組102及該電力動力上位控制器104資訊連接，可接收該交換式電池狀態訊號M2，並經過計算產生一交換式電池系統可輸出功率資訊M3及一控制命令M4；其中，該電力動力上位控制器104可在接收該主電池狀態訊號M1、該動力需求資訊以及該交換式電池系統可輸出功率資訊M3後，經過計算產生一第一需求功率資訊M5與一馬達扭力控制命令M6；一電源轉換控制器103，分別與該主電池組101及該交換式電池組102電性連接，並可接收該交換式控制單元105的該控制命令M4，以進行電源轉換及輸出電流控制，該電源轉換控制器103可將該交換式電池組102的輸出電壓進行升壓轉換，使該電源轉換控制器103的該輸出電壓與該主電池組101的輸出電壓一致；一馬達驅動控制器106，與該電力動力上位控制器104資訊連結，可接收該馬達扭力控制命令M6，以進行馬達動力的輸出控制。所述的該馬達扭力控制命令M6主要為該電力動力上位控制器104依據該主電池組101以及該可交換式電池組102當下的電池狀態，並進一步搭配該電動車輛當下即時的功率需求等狀況所即時運算出來最適合該電動車輛的運作模式，以匹配電池與電力輸出最適化，使該主電池組101及該交換式電池組102的輸出電力符合該電動車輛44即時化用電的需求，並有效控制車輛電力輸出效率，又，在一實施例中，該電動車能源轉換管理系統10的通訊傳輸介面為控制器區域網路（Controller Area Network,CAN）。 [0018]請參閱圖2，為防止或避免該主電池組101及該交換式電池組102過放電、過充電、過溫度等異常狀況出現，因此，一實施例中，該電動車能源轉換管理系統10包含多個電池管理系統（107、108）（Battery Management System ，BMS），該些電池管理系統（107、108）分別與該主電池組101以及該交換式電池組102連結，用以對該主電池組101及該交換式電池組102進行電池保護管理作業。 [0019]請參閱圖1至圖3，本發明關於該第一需求功率資訊M5的運算流程如下：（1）第一流程21：計算該主電池組101的剩餘電量以及電源轉換控制的基載輸出功率；（2）第二流程22：計算該交換式電池組102的需求功率，該需求功率依據車輛動力需求、整車電力需求及主電池組預計輸出功率等條件計算得到；而車輛動力需求則隨著馬達轉速與駕駛踩踏的油門踏板深度而變化；（3）第三流程23：計算該交換式電池組102可提供的最大輸出功率；（4）第四流程24：判斷該交換式電池組102的需求功率是否大於該交換式電池組102可提供的最大輸出功率，若是，則進行第五流程25，若否，則進行第六流程26；（5）第五流程25：承該第四流程24，可確認該電動車輛進行電源轉換控制的實際輸出功率命令即為該交換式電池組102可提供的最大輸出功率（此為該第一需求功率資訊M4）；（6）第六流程26：承該第四流程24，判斷該交換式電池組102的需求功率是否小於電源轉換控制的基載輸出功率，若是，則進行第七流程27，若否，則進行第八流程28；（7）第七流程27：承該第六流程26，可確認該電動車輛進行電源轉換控制的實際輸出功率命令即為基載輸出功率（此為該第一需求功率資訊M5）；（8）第八流程28：承該第六流程26，可確認該電動車輛進行電源轉換控制的實際輸出功率命令即為該交換式電池組102的需求功率（此為該第一需求功率資訊M5）。 [0020]請參閱圖1及圖4，本發明關於交換式電池系統可輸出功率資訊M3的運算流程如下：（1）判斷流程31：接收該交換式電池組102的交換式電池狀態訊號M2，並判斷電池組是否有異常，若有，則在異常模式33下進行計算，若無，則在正常模式32下計算；（2）承該判斷流程31，該正常模式32下的計算為預先計算出該交換式電池組102各組成單元的電量後，再依電量計算該交換式電池組102各組成單元的輸出權重以及該電源轉換控制器103各組成單元需輸出的功率，最後再依據該交換式電池組102的交換式電池狀態訊號M2來計算出該電源轉換控制器103各組成單元可輸出的最大功率及總功率，再依該電動車輛進行電源轉換控制的實際輸出功率命令計算出該電源轉換控制器103各組成單元的輸出電流控制命令；（3）承該判斷流程31，該異常模式33下的計算為預先計算出該交換式電池組102狀態正常之各組成單元的電量後，再計算該電源轉換控制器103對應組成單元的最大輸出的功率，再進一步依據該交換式電池組102的交換式電池狀態訊號M2來計算出該電源轉換控制器103搭配該交換式電池組102狀態正常之各組成單元可輸出的最大功率及總功率，再依該電動車輛進行電源轉換控制的實際輸出功率命令計算出該電源轉換控制器103各組成單元的輸出電流控制命令。 [0021]請參閱圖1及圖5，本發明亦提供一種管理電動車能源的方法，其方法包含：該主電池組101及該交換式電池組102分別提供一主電池狀態訊號M1及一交換式電池狀態訊號M2；依據該交換式電池狀態訊號M2，經過計算取得一交換式電池系統可輸出功率資訊M3及一控制命令M4；依據該主電池狀態訊號M1、一動力需求資訊以及該交換式電池系統可輸出功率資訊M3，經過計算產生一第一需求功率資訊M5與一馬達扭力控制命令M6；透過該控制命令M4進行電源轉換及輸出電流控制；以及依據該馬達扭力控制命令M6進行馬達動力的輸出控制。 [0022]一實施例中，產生該馬達扭力控制命令後，該主電池組及該交換式電池組的放電模式如下：（1）第一步驟41：該主電池組101電量介於100%與80%之間時，該交換式電池組102不放電，僅由該主電池組101單獨提供所需電力；（2）第二步驟42：該主電池組101電量介於80%與60%之間時，該電動車輛所需電力由該主電池組101與該交換式電池組102共同放電來提供，該交換式電池組102在低基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出；（3）第三步驟43：該主電池組101電量維持在60%時，該電動車輛所需電力由該主電池組101與該交換式電池組102共同放電來提供，該交換式電池組102在額定基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，且該交換式電池組102電量需在40%以上才能以此模式放電；（4）第四步驟44：該主電池組101電量介於60%與50%之間，該電動車輛所需電力由該主電池組101與該交換式電池組102共同放電來提供，此時，該交換式電池組102僅能在低基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，該主電池組101與該交換式電池組102電量均會持續下降；（5）第五步驟45：更換電量充足的該交換式電池組102後，使該主電池組101電量逐漸回升至平衡電量60%，車輛所需電力由該主電池組101與交換式電池組102共同放電提供，由於此情境下該交換式電池組102在高基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，因此能提供多餘電力對該主電池組101進行充電來提升電量；（6）第六步驟46：依一行控中心管控要求，該主電池組101需回復至正常運作的60％平衡電量，當該主電池組101回復至60％電量時，此時該主電池組101與該交換式電池組102依該第三步驟43的模式供應電動車輛所需電力。 [0023]請參閱圖1及圖5，一實施例中，該第三步驟43與該第四步驟44之間還包含一警示步驟47，該警示步驟47為：若該交換式電池組102電量已低於40%，將無法繼續以額定基載功率輸出方式放電來維持該主電池組101電量，此時該行控中心將發出一更換訊息至該電動車輛提醒駕駛進行該交換式電池組102的更換。 [0024]請參閱圖1及圖5，一實施例中，該第四步驟44與該第五步驟45之間還包含一第一子步驟48，該第一子步驟48為：該主電池組101電量介於50%與40%之間時，該交換式電池組102的電量若低於30％則為閒置狀態不放電，僅由該主電池組101以降載限制輸出的狀態單獨放電提供所需電力。 [0025]請參閱圖1及圖6，一實施例中，產生該馬達扭力控制命令後，該主電池組及該交換式電池組的放電模式如下：（1）第一步驟51：該主電池組101電量介於100%與80%之間時，該交換式電池組102不放電，僅由該主電池組101單獨提供所需電力；（2）第二步驟52：該主電池組101電量介於80%與60%之間時，該電動車輛所需電力由該主電池組101與該交換式電池組102共同放電來提供，該交換式電池組102在低基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出；（3）第三步驟53：該主電池組101電量維持在60%時，該電動車輛所需電力由該主電池組101與該交換式電池組102共同放電來提供，該交換式電池組102在額定基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，且該交換式電池組102電量需在40%以上才能以此模式放電；（4）第四步驟54：該主電池組101電量介於60%與50%之間，該電動車輛所需電力由該主電池組101與該交換式電池組102共同放電來提供，此時，該交換式電池組102僅能在低基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，該主電池組101與該交換式電池組102電量均會持續下降；（5）第五步驟55：更換電量充足的該交換式電池組102後，使該主電池組101電量逐漸回升至平衡電量60%，車輛所需電力由該主電池組101與該交換式電池組102共同放電提供，由於此情境下該交換式電池組102在高基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，因此能提供多餘電力對該主電池組101進行充電來提升電量；（6）第六步驟56：依一行控中心管控要求，須提升該主電池組101的平衡電量至60%以上，在該交換式電池組102電量高於60%的條件下，控制其放電功率在高基載功率和最大功率之間變動輸出，該主電池組101即利用其提供的多餘電力進行充電以達到要求的目標電量，當該主電池組101電量提升至行控中心要求的平衡電量後，此時該主電池組101與該交換式電池組102依該第三步驟53的模式供應電動車輛所需電力。 [0026]請參閱圖1及圖6，一實施例中，該第三步驟53與該第四步驟54之間還包含一警示步驟57，該警示步驟57為：若該交換式電池組102電量已低於40%，將無法繼續以額定基載功率輸出方式放電來維持該主電池組101電量，此時該行控中心將發出一更換訊息至該電動車輛提醒駕駛進行該交換式電池組102的更換。 [0027]請參閱圖圖1及圖6，一實施例中，該第四步驟54與該第五步驟55之間還包含一第一子步驟58，該第一子步驟58為：該主電池組101電量介於50%與40%之間時，該交換式電池組102的電量若低於30％則為閒置狀態不放電，僅由該主電池組101以降載限制輸出的狀態單獨放電提供所需電力。 [0028]根據以上描述，明顯地在不脫離這些概念的範圍的情況下，可使用各種技術來實現本申請中所描述的概念。此外，雖然已經具體參考某些實施方式而描述了概念，但本領域具有通常知識者將認識到，可在形式和細節上作改變而不偏離這些概念的範圍。如此，所描述的實施方式在所有方面都會被認為是說明性的而非限制性的。而且，應該理解本申請並不限於上述的特定實施方式，而是在不脫離本發明範圍的情況下可進行許多重新安排、修改和替換。 [0016] The following description contains specific information regarding illustrated embodiments of the invention. The drawings and accompanying detailed description in this disclosure are directed to illustrative embodiments only. However, the present invention is not limited to these exemplary embodiments. Those skilled in the art will recognize other variations and embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, the drawings and illustrations in this disclosure are generally not to scale and do not correspond to actual relative sizes. [0017] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, an electric vehicle energy conversion management system 10 is applied to an electric vehicle and can receive a power demand information generated by the electric vehicle. The electric vehicle energy conversion management system 10 includes a host The battery pack 101 is provided with a first battery cell monitoring unit 1011. The first battery cell monitoring unit 1011 can monitor the status of the main battery pack 101 and output a main battery status signal M1; an exchangeable battery pack 102 is provided with a first battery cell monitoring unit 1011. Two battery cell monitoring unit 1021. The second battery cell monitoring unit 1021 can monitor the status of the swappable battery pack 102 and output a swappable battery status signal M2. The swappable battery pack 102 is mainly composed of a plurality of battery modules. It is not composed of a single battery module. In one embodiment, the main battery pack 101 is a battery pack that is fixed to the electric vehicle and is non-replaceable, and the exchangeable battery pack 102 is detachable from the electric vehicle. Through the dual-battery system architecture design, the battery life of the electric vehicle can be improved. In another embodiment, the main battery status signal M1 and the switching battery status signal M2 include the current battery status. Electric power, battery maximum output power, battery temperature and other related information; an electric power upper controller 104 is connected to the main battery pack 101; an exchangeable control unit 105 is connected to the exchangeable battery pack 102 and the electric power upper controller The controller 104 is connected to the information and can receive the switching battery status signal M2, and calculates to generate a switching battery system output power information M3 and a control command M4; wherein, the electric power upper controller 104 can receive the main battery After the status signal M1, the power demand information and the output power information M3 of the switching battery system are calculated, a first demand power information M5 and a motor torque control command M6 are generated; a power conversion controller 103 is connected to the main power supply respectively. The battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102 are electrically connected and can receive the control command M4 from the exchangeable control unit 105 to perform power conversion and output current control. The power conversion controller 103 can convert the exchangeable battery The output voltage of the group 102 is boosted and converted to make the output voltage of the power conversion controller 103 consistent with the output voltage of the main battery group 101; a motor drive controller 106 is information-linked with the electric power upper controller 104. The motor torque control command M6 can be received to control the output of motor power. The motor torque control command M6 is mainly based on the current battery status of the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102 for the electric power upper controller 104, and further matches the current real-time power demand of the electric vehicle. The operation mode most suitable for the electric vehicle is calculated in real time to match the battery and power output optimization, so that the output power of the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102 meets the real-time power demand of the electric vehicle 44, And effectively control the vehicle power output efficiency. In one embodiment, the communication transmission interface of the electric vehicle energy conversion management system 10 is a Controller Area Network (CAN). Please refer to Figure 2. In order to prevent or avoid over-discharge, over-charge, over-temperature and other abnormal conditions of the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102, in one embodiment, the electric vehicle energy conversion management The system 10 includes multiple battery management systems (107, 108) (Battery Management Systems, BMS). The battery management systems (107, 108) are respectively connected to the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102 for controlling The main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102 perform battery protection and management operations. Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the calculation process of the first required power information M5 of the present invention is as follows: (1) First process 21: Calculate the remaining power of the main battery pack 101 and the base load of the power conversion control Output power; (2) Second process 22: Calculate the power demand of the exchangeable battery pack 102, which is calculated based on vehicle power demand, vehicle power demand, and the expected output power of the main battery pack; and vehicle power demand It changes with the motor speed and the depth of the accelerator pedal depressed by the driver; (3) The third process 23: Calculate the maximum output power that the exchangeable battery pack 102 can provide; (4) The fourth process 24: Determine the exchangeable battery Whether the required power of the group 102 is greater than the maximum output power that the exchangeable battery group 102 can provide, if so, proceed to the fifth process 25, if not, proceed to the sixth process 26; (5) Fifth process 25: Accept the fifth process 25 Fourth process 24, it can be confirmed that the actual output power command of the electric vehicle for power conversion control is the maximum output power that the switching battery pack 102 can provide (this is the first demand power information M4); (6) Sixth process 26: Following the fourth process 24, determine whether the required power of the switching battery pack 102 is less than the base load output power of the power conversion control. If so, proceed to the seventh process 27; if not, proceed to the eighth process 28; ( 7) Seventh process 27: Following the sixth process 26, it can be confirmed that the actual output power command of the electric vehicle for power conversion control is the base load output power (this is the first demand power information M5); (8) Chapter 7 Eighth process 28: Following the sixth process 26, it can be confirmed that the actual output power command of the electric vehicle for power conversion control is the required power of the switching battery pack 102 (this is the first required power information M5). Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4. The calculation process of the present invention regarding the output power information M3 of the exchangeable battery system is as follows: (1) Judgment process 31: receive the exchangeable battery status signal M2 of the exchangeable battery pack 102, And judge whether there is any abnormality in the battery pack. If there is any abnormality, the calculation will be performed in the abnormal mode 33. If not, the calculation will be performed in the normal mode 32. (2) According to the judgment process 31, the calculation in the normal mode 32 is pre-calculation. After calculating the power of each component unit of the switchable battery pack 102, the output weight of each component unit of the switchable battery pack 102 and the power to be output by each component unit of the power conversion controller 103 are calculated based on the power. Finally, based on the switch The switching battery status signal M2 of the battery pack 102 is used to calculate the maximum power and total power that each component unit of the power conversion controller 103 can output, and then the power supply is calculated according to the actual output power command of the electric vehicle for power conversion control. Convert the output current control commands of each component unit of the controller 103; (3) Following the judgment process 31, the calculation in the abnormal mode 33 is to pre-calculate the power of each component unit of the exchangeable battery pack 102 in a normal state, and then Calculate the maximum output power of the corresponding component unit of the power conversion controller 103, and further calculate based on the exchangeable battery status signal M2 of the exchangeable battery pack 102 to calculate that the power conversion controller 103 and the exchangeable battery pack 102 are in normal condition. The maximum power and total power that each component unit can output are calculated, and then the output current control command of each component unit of the power conversion controller 103 is calculated based on the actual output power command of the electric vehicle for power conversion control. [0021] Referring to Figures 1 and 5, the present invention also provides a method for managing electric vehicle energy. The method includes: The main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102 respectively provide a main battery status signal M1 and an exchange According to the switching battery status signal M2, a switching battery system output power information M3 and a control command M4 are obtained through calculation; According to the main battery status signal M1, a power demand information and the switching The battery system can output power information M3 and generate a first demand power information M5 and a motor torque control command M6 through calculation; perform power conversion and output current control through the control command M4; and perform motor power according to the motor torque control command M6. output control. [0022] In one embodiment, after the motor torque control command is generated, the discharge modes of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack are as follows: (1) First step 41: The power of the main battery pack 101 is between 100% and When the battery pack 102 is between 80% and 60%, the exchangeable battery pack 102 does not discharge, and only the main battery pack 101 alone provides the required power; (2) Second step 42: The power of the main battery pack 101 is between 80% and 60%. time, the electric power required by the electric vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102. The exchangeable battery pack 102 changes its output between low base load power and maximum power; (3) Chapter 3 Three steps 43: When the power of the main battery pack 101 is maintained at 60%, the power required by the electric vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102. The exchangeable battery pack 102 operates at rated base load. The output varies between power and maximum power, and the battery pack 102 needs to have a power of more than 40% before it can be discharged in this mode; (4) The fourth step 44: the power of the main battery pack 101 is between 60% and 50%. During the period, the electric power required by the electric vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102. At this time, the exchangeable battery pack 102 can only change the output between low base load power and maximum power. The power of both the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102 will continue to decrease; (5) The fifth step 45: After replacing the exchangeable battery pack 102 with sufficient power, the power of the main battery pack 101 will gradually increase to a balanced level. 60%, the power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102. Since the exchangeable battery pack 102 changes its output between high base load power and maximum power in this situation, it can provide redundant power. Electricity charges the main battery pack 101 to increase the power; (6) The sixth step 46: According to the control requirements of the bank control center, the main battery pack 101 needs to return to 60% of the balanced power of normal operation. When the main battery pack 101 When the battery capacity returns to 60%, the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102 supply the electric power required by the electric vehicle according to the mode of the third step 43 . Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5. In one embodiment, a warning step 47 is also included between the third step 43 and the fourth step 44. The warning step 47 is: if the exchangeable battery pack 102 is If it is lower than 40%, it will no longer be able to discharge at the rated base load power output mode to maintain the power of the main battery pack 101. At this time, the traffic control center will send a replacement message to the electric vehicle to remind the driver to perform the swap battery pack 102. replacement. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5. In one embodiment, a first sub-step 48 is also included between the fourth step 44 and the fifth step 45. The first sub-step 48 is: the main battery pack When the power of 101 is between 50% and 40%, if the power of the exchangeable battery pack 102 is less than 30%, it will be in an idle state and not discharged. It will only be provided by the main battery pack 101 being discharged alone in a state of load reduction limit output. Requires electricity. [0025] Please refer to Figures 1 and 6. In one embodiment, after the motor torque control command is generated, the discharge modes of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack are as follows: (1) First step 51: The main battery When the power of the pack 101 is between 100% and 80%, the exchangeable battery pack 102 does not discharge, and only the main battery pack 101 alone provides the required power; (2) Second step 52: The power of the main battery pack 101 When between 80% and 60%, the power required by the electric vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102. The exchangeable battery pack 102 is between low base load power and maximum power. (3) The third step 53: When the power of the main battery pack 101 is maintained at 60%, the power required by the electric vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102. The exchange The output of the exchangeable battery pack 102 varies between the rated base load power and the maximum power, and the power of the exchangeable battery pack 102 needs to be above 40% before it can be discharged in this mode; (4) The fourth step 54: The power of the main battery pack 101 Between 60% and 50%, the power required by the electric vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102. At this time, the exchangeable battery pack 102 can only operate at low base load power. and maximum power, the power of both the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102 will continue to decrease; (5) The fifth step 55: After replacing the exchangeable battery pack 102 with sufficient power, the main battery The power of the pack 101 gradually rises to 60% of the balance power. The power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102. In this situation, the exchangeable battery pack 102 operates under high base load power and maximum power. The output varies between the two, so that excess power can be provided to charge the main battery pack 101 to increase the power; (6) The sixth step 56: According to the control requirements of the line control center, the balance power of the main battery pack 101 must be increased to 60% As above, under the condition that the power of the exchangeable battery pack 102 is higher than 60%, its discharge power is controlled to vary between high base load power and maximum power, and the main battery pack 101 uses the excess power provided by it for charging. When the required target power is reached, when the power of the main battery pack 101 is increased to the balance power required by the traffic control center, the main battery pack 101 and the exchangeable battery pack 102 supply the electric vehicle according to the mode of the third step 53. Requires electricity. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6. In one embodiment, a warning step 57 is also included between the third step 53 and the fourth step 54. The warning step 57 is: if the exchangeable battery pack 102 is If it is lower than 40%, it will no longer be able to discharge at the rated base load power output mode to maintain the power of the main battery pack 101. At this time, the traffic control center will send a replacement message to the electric vehicle to remind the driver to perform the swap battery pack 102. replacement. [0027] Please refer to Figures 1 and 6. In one embodiment, a first sub-step 58 is also included between the fourth step 54 and the fifth step 55. The first sub-step 58 is: the main battery When the battery pack 101 is between 50% and 40%, if the battery pack 102 is less than 30%, it is in an idle state and is not discharged. It is only provided by the main battery pack 101 in a state of load reduction and limited output. Required power. [0028] From the above description, it is apparent that various techniques may be used to implement the concepts described in this application without departing from the scope of these concepts. Additionally, although concepts have been described with specific reference to certain embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the scope of the concepts. As such, the described embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. Furthermore, it is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, but that many rearrangements, modifications and substitutions are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0029]10:電動車能源轉換管理系統 101:主電池組 1011:第一電池芯監控單元 102:交換式電池組 1021:第二電池芯監控單元 103:電源轉換控制單元 104:電力動力上位控制器 105:交換式控制單元 106:馬達驅動控制器 107:電池管理系統 108:電池管理系統 21:第一流程 22:第二流程 23:第三流程 24:第四流程 25:第五流程 26:第六流程 27:第七流程 28:第八流程 31:判斷流程 32:正常模式 33:異常模式 41:第一步驟 42:第二步驟 43:第三步驟 44:第四步驟 45:第五步驟 46:第六步驟 47:警示步驟 48:第一子步驟 51:第一步驟 52:第二步驟 53:第三步驟 54:第四步驟 55:第五步驟 56:第六步驟 57:警示步驟 58:第一子步驟 M1:主電池狀態訊號 M2:交換式電池狀態訊號 M3:交換式電池系統可輸出功率資訊 M4:控制命令 M5:第一需求功率資訊 M6:馬達扭力控制命令 10 : Electric vehicle energy conversion management system 101: Main battery pack 1011: First battery cell monitoring unit 102: Exchangeable battery pack 1021: Second battery cell monitoring unit 103: Power conversion control unit 104: Electric power upper control Device 105: Switching control unit 106: Motor drive controller 107: Battery management system 108: Battery management system 21: First process 22: Second process 23: Third process 24: Fourth process 25: Fifth process 26: Sixth process 27: Seventh process 28: Eighth process 31: Judgment process 32: Normal mode 33: Abnormal mode 41: First step 42: Second step 43: Third step 44: Fourth step 45: Fifth step 46: Sixth step 47: Warning step 48: First sub-step 51: First step 52: Second step 53: Third step 54: Fourth step 55: Fifth step 56: Sixth step 57: Warning step 58 : First sub-step M1: Main battery status signal M2: Exchangeable battery status signal M3: Exchangeable battery system output power information M4: Control command M5: First demand power information M6: Motor torque control command

[0015]圖1是本發明系統架構組成示意圖。圖2是本發明另一實施例的示意圖。圖3是本發明第一需求功率資訊的運算流程示意圖。圖4是本發明第二需求功率資訊的運算流程示意圖。圖5是本發明管理電動車能源的方法步驟示意圖。圖6是本發明管理電動車能源的方法另一實施例的步驟示意圖。 [0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation flow of the first power demand information of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the calculation flow of the second power demand information of the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the steps of the method for managing electric vehicle energy according to the present invention. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the steps of another embodiment of the method for managing electric vehicle energy according to the present invention.

10:電動車能源轉換管理系統 10: Electric vehicle energy conversion management system

101:主電池組 101: Main battery pack

1011:第一電池芯監控單元 1011: First battery cell monitoring unit

102:交換式電池組 102: Exchangeable battery pack

1021:第二電池芯監控單元 1021: Second battery cell monitoring unit

103:電源轉換控制單元 103:Power conversion control unit

104:電力動力上位控制器 104: Electric power upper controller

105:交換式控制單元 105: Exchange control unit

106:馬達驅動控制器 106: Motor drive controller

M1:主電池狀態訊號 M1: Main battery status signal

M2:交換式電池狀態訊號 M2: Switchable battery status signal

M3:交換式電池系統可輸出功率資訊 M3: Switchable battery system can output power information

M4:控制命令 M4: control command

M5:第一需求功率資訊 M5: First demand power information

M6:馬達扭力控制命令 M6: Motor torque control command

Claims

An electric vehicle energy conversion management system is applied to an electric vehicle and can receive power demand information generated by the electric vehicle, including: A main battery pack is provided with a first battery cell monitoring unit. The first battery cell monitoring unit can monitor the status of the main battery pack and generate a main battery status signal; An exchangeable battery pack is provided with a second battery cell monitoring unit. The second battery cell monitoring unit can monitor the status of the exchangeable battery pack and generate an exchangeable battery status signal; An electric power upper controller is connected to the main battery pack; A switching control unit is information-connected to the switching battery pack and the electric power upper controller, can receive the switching battery status signal, and generates a switching battery system output power information and a control command through calculation; Among them, the electric power upper controller can generate a first demand power information and a motor torque control command through calculation after receiving the main battery status signal, the power demand information and the output power information of the exchangeable battery system; A power conversion controller is electrically connected to the main battery pack and the switching battery pack respectively, and can receive the control command from the switching control unit to perform power conversion and output current control; A motor drive controller is information-linked with the electric power upper controller and can receive the motor torque control command to control the output of the motor power.

For example, the electric vehicle energy conversion management system of claim 1, wherein the main battery pack is a battery pack that is fixed to the electric vehicle and is non-replaceable, and the exchangeable battery pack is detachably replaceable with respect to the electric vehicle. battery pack.

For example, the electric vehicle energy conversion management system of claim 1, wherein the main battery status signal and the switching battery status signal include the current battery capacity, the battery maximum output power, and the battery temperature.

Such as the electric vehicle energy conversion management system of claim 1, wherein the electric vehicle energy conversion management system includes multiple battery management systems, and these battery management systems are information-linked to the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack respectively, for Perform battery protection and management operations on the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack.

Such as the electric vehicle energy conversion management system of claim 1, wherein the communication transmission interface of the electric vehicle energy conversion management system is a controller area network.

A method for managing energy in electric vehicles that includes: The main battery pack and the swappable battery pack provide a main battery status signal and a swappable battery status signal respectively; According to the switchable battery status signal, a switchable battery system output power information and a control command are obtained through calculation; Based on the main battery status signal, a power demand information and the output power information of the exchangeable battery system, a first demand power information and a motor torque control command are generated through calculation; Use this control command to perform power conversion and output current control; and The motor power output is controlled according to the motor torque control command.

For example, in the method of managing electric vehicle energy in claim 6, after the motor torque control command is generated, the discharge modes of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack are as follows: (1) The first step: when the power of the main battery pack is between 100% and 80%, the exchangeable battery pack does not discharge, and only the main battery pack alone provides the required power; (2) Second step: When the power of the main battery pack is between 80% and 60%, the power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack. The exchangeable battery pack is at low Variable output between base load power and maximum power; (3) The third step: When the power of the main battery pack is maintained at 60%, the power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack. The exchangeable battery pack operates at rated base load power and maximum The output varies between powers, and the battery pack’s power needs to be above 40% before it can be discharged in this mode; (4) The fourth step: The power of the chassis main battery pack is between 60% and 50%. The power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack. At this time, the exchangeable battery pack The output can only be changed between low base load power and maximum power, and the power of both the main battery pack and the swappable battery pack will continue to decrease; (5) Step 5: After replacing the swappable battery pack with sufficient power, the power of the main battery pack gradually rises to 60% of the balance capacity. The power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the swappable battery pack. Since In this situation, the swappable battery pack changes its output between high base load power and maximum power, so it can provide excess power to charge the main battery pack to increase power; (6) The sixth step: According to the control requirements of the line control center, the main battery pack needs to return to 60% of the balanced power of normal operation. When the main battery pack returns to 60% of the power, the main battery pack will exchange with the The battery pack supplies the electric power required by the electric vehicle according to the third step mode.

As claimed in claim 7, the method for managing electric vehicle energy includes a warning step between the third step and the fourth step, and the warning step is: If the power of the swappable battery pack is lower than 40%, it will no longer be able to discharge at the rated base load power output to maintain the power of the main battery pack. At this time, a traffic control center will send a replacement message to the electric vehicle to remind the driver to perform the swap. battery pack replacement.

As in claim 7, the method for managing electric vehicle energy includes a first sub-step between the fourth step and the fifth step, and the first sub-step is: When the power of the main battery pack is between 50% and 40%, if the power of the exchangeable battery pack is lower than 30%, it will be in an idle state and not discharged. It will only be provided by the main battery pack in a state of load reduction and limited output. Required power.

For example, in the method of managing electric vehicle energy in claim 6, after the motor torque control command is generated, the discharge modes of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack are as follows: (1) The first step: when the power of the main battery pack is between 100% and 80%, the exchangeable battery pack does not discharge, and only the main battery pack alone provides the required power; (2) Second step: When the power of the main battery pack is between 80% and 60%, the power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack. The exchangeable battery pack is at low Variable output between base load power and maximum power; (3) The third step: When the power of the main battery pack is maintained at 60%, the power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack. The exchangeable battery pack operates at rated base load power and maximum The output varies between powers, and the battery pack’s power needs to be above 40% before it can be discharged in this mode; (4) The fourth step: The power of the chassis main battery pack is between 60% and 50%. The power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the exchangeable battery pack. At this time, the exchangeable battery pack The output can only be changed between low base load power and maximum power, and the power of both the main battery pack and the swappable battery pack will continue to decrease; (5) Step 5: After replacing the swappable battery pack with sufficient power, the power of the main battery pack gradually rises to 60% of the balance capacity. The power required by the vehicle is provided by the joint discharge of the main battery pack and the swappable battery pack. Since In this situation, the switching battery pack changes its output between high base load power and maximum power, so it can provide excess power to charge the main battery pack to increase power; (6) The sixth step: According to the control requirements of the line control center, the balance power of the main battery must be increased to more than 60%. Under the condition that the power of the exchangeable battery pack is higher than 60%, its discharge power must be controlled at high base load power. The output varies between the maximum power and the main battery pack. The main battery pack uses the excess power it provides to charge to reach the required target power. When the main battery pack power is increased to the balance power required by the travel control center, the main battery pack will The exchangeable battery pack supplies the electric power required by the electric vehicle according to the mode of the third step.

As claimed in claim 10, the method for managing electric vehicle energy includes a warning step between the third step and the fourth step, and the warning step is: If the power of the swappable battery pack is lower than 40%, it will no longer be able to discharge at the rated base load power output to maintain the power of the main battery pack. At this time, a traffic control center will send a replacement message to the electric vehicle to remind the driver to perform the swap. battery pack replacement.

As in claim 10, the method for managing electric vehicle energy includes a first sub-step between the fourth step and the fifth step, and the first sub-step is: When the power of the main battery pack is between 50% and 40%, if the power of the exchangeable battery pack is less than 30%, it will be in an idle state and will not be discharged. It will only be provided by the main battery pack with a load-reduction limit output state. Required power.