TW202300747A - Hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric, laminate containing same, and use for purifying water quality and separating microalgae in water capable of filtering fine particles in the water body without applying additional pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric, a laminate containing it, and its application. The hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric comprises: a plurality of melt-blown fibers adhered to each other, and a plurality of pores formed between the melt-blown fibers, wherein the material of the melt-blown fibers is a hydrophilic material, and the hydrophilic material is biodegradable, and the average pore size of the pores is 0.1 microns to 10 microns. The hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric is made of hydrophilic materials, so it can break the hydrogen bonds between the water molecules in contact with it, so that the water molecules can pass through the pores without gathering with each other to form water droplets, and therefore the fine particles with a particle size larger than that of a plurality of pores are blocked on the plurality of pores, so as to achieve the effect of filtering fine particles in the water body without applying additional pressure.

Description

Hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabric, laminate containing same and application thereof

The invention relates to a non-woven fabric, in particular to a melt-blown non-woven fabric. It also relates to laminates containing the same and their use.

There are often fine particles of about 0.1 micron (μm) to 20 μm in the water body. Based on water purification or other purposes, it is often necessary to separate the fine particles in the water from the water.

Due to the small particle size of the fine particles, the melt-blown non-woven fabric with relatively narrow pores is selected for filtration. However, the melt-blown non-woven fabrics currently on the market are all made of non-polar hydrophobic plastic materials such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). It is produced through a melt-blown process. Therefore, when the fine particles in the water body are to be separated, the water molecules in the water body will form fine water droplets due to cohesion, so that neither the water in the water body nor the objects to be separated (that is, fine particles) can pass through. The aforementioned holes in the melt-blown non-woven fabric make it difficult to achieve the purpose of filtration without additional pressure.

Additional energy will be consumed to filter fine particles due to additional pressure, and although additional pressure can shorten the filtration time, it will accelerate the clogging of the filter holes. In addition, the aforementioned hydrophobic plastics such as PP, PE, and PET are difficult to degrade naturally, and are likely to cause environmental problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a filter material that can filter fine particles in water without additional pressure and is not easy to clog pores and prolong service life. At the same time, an environmentally friendly filter material that is easy to degrade in the natural environment when discarded is also needed.

In view of the fact that the melt-blown non-woven fabrics of the prior art cannot be effectively used to filter fine particles in water bodies, the present invention provides a hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric, which can achieve the purpose of allowing water molecules to pass through, and then without additional pressure, With the help of natural gravity, water molecules can pass through the multiple holes formed by the melt-blown fibers, and the effective filtration of fine particles in the water can effectively save energy. Although it will prolong the filtration time, no additional power pressure is required, and no energy consumption is required. . When the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric is used as a filter material, the service life can also be extended, and the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric is biodegradable, so it is easier to decompose in the natural environment than other plastic non-woven fabrics, and can reduce environmental pollution when discarded. question.

To achieve the aforementioned object, the present invention provides a hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric, which has: a plurality of melt-blown fibers adhered to each other, and a plurality of holes formed between the melt-blown fibers, wherein the material of the melt-blown fibers It is a hydrophilic material, and the hydrophilic material is biodegradable, and the average pore diameter of the holes is 0.1 μm to 10 μm.

When using the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric of the present invention to filter fine particles in water, because the melt-blown non-woven fabric is made of hydrophilic materials, when the water molecules in the water contact with it, it can destroy the water molecules. Hydrogen bonds, so that water molecules can pass through the multiple holes formed between the multiple melt-blown fibers without aggregating with each other to form water droplets. Applying pressure can filter the effect of fine particles in the water body. Furthermore, since the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric is made of biodegradable materials, it can be degraded in the natural environment when discarded, meeting the requirements of environmental protection.

Preferably, the material of the aforementioned melt-blown fibers, that is, the hydrophilic material includes: polylactic acid (polylactic acid, PLA), polyglycolic acid (polyglycolic acid, PGA), polybutylene adipate terephthalate (polybutylene adipate) (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), PBAT) and combinations thereof. Since PLA and PGA are biodegradable materials, when the pores of the melt-blown non-woven fabric are blocked and the filtering effect is reduced, the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric made of PLA and PGA can be decomposed naturally without causing environmental problems .

According to the present invention, the melting point of high optical purity PLA 95% to 99.9% is 160°C to 180°C; the melting point of medium optical purity PLA is 130°C to 160°C; the melting point of low optical purity 90% is 110°C to 130°C.

According to the present invention, the aforementioned hydrophilic material is a polar material. Preferably, the electric dipole moment of the hydrophilic material is μ>0.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of holes formed between the melt-blown fibers have an average pore diameter of 0.1 μm to 5 μm. More preferably, the average pore diameter of the plurality of holes formed between the melt-blown fibers is 0.1 μm to 2 μm, and more preferably, the average pore diameter of the plurality of holes formed between the melt-blown fibers is 0.5 μm to 2 μm. Still more preferably, the average pore diameter of the plurality of holes formed between the melt-blown fibers is 0.2 μm to 0.8 μm. Since the diameter of the smallest algae- Chlorella sp. is about 2 μm to 5 μm, the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric with the aforementioned average pore size can be used to filter and collect algae, allowing water molecules to pass through the aforementioned hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric A plurality of holes, and algae are blocked on the plurality of holes.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of holes formed between the melt-blown fibers have an average pore diameter of 0.1 μm to 0.22 μm. Since the size of bacteria is generally larger than 0.22 μm, the hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabric with the aforementioned average pore size can be used to filter bacteria in water.

The present invention further provides a laminate, which includes: the aforementioned hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric, and a base fabric; the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric is formed on the base fabric; wherein, the base fabric is formed of a plurality of hydrophilic fibers , and the hydrophilic fibers are biodegradable, and the average pore diameter of the plurality of holes formed by the hydrophilic fibers is 50 μm to 100 μm. Since the base fabric is formed of hydrophilic and biodegradable fibers, the laminate can indeed allow water molecules to pass through, and is easily decomposed in the natural environment when it is damaged and unusable, thereby reducing environmental problems.

Preferably, the hydrophilic fibers are natural fibers. For example: plant fiber, animal wool fiber, mineral fiber. Plant fibers include, but are not limited to, cotton or hemp. Once the base fabric can also be decomposed naturally by microorganisms when the filtering effect of the laminate is reduced or damaged and cannot be used, it will not cause environmental problems. In an embodiment, the base fabric may be a woven fabric formed by interweaving a plurality of hydrophilic fibers, and its form may be woven or knitted, but not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the base fabric may be a non-woven fabric, and the non-woven fabric may be, but not limited to, a spun-bonded non-woven fabric or a heat-sealable non-woven fabric.

The present invention further provides the use of the aforementioned hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabric, which is used for purifying water or filtering fine particles.

The present invention further provides an application of the aforementioned hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabric, which is used for separating algae in water. Preferably, the algae are microalgae. Example: Chlorella with a diameter of about 2 μm to 5 μm.

The present invention further provides an application of the aforementioned laminate, which is used for purifying water or filtering fine particles.

The present invention further provides an application of the aforementioned laminate, which is used for separating algae in water. Preferably, the algae are microalgae. Example: Chlorella with a diameter of about 2 μm to 5 μm.

The advantage of the present invention is that the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric or the laminate containing it is made by melt-blowing of hydrophilic materials. Because the melt-blown non-woven fabric is made of hydrophilic materials, when the water molecules in the water contact It can break the hydrogen bond between water molecules, so that water molecules can pass through the multiple holes formed between the multiple melt-blown fibers without aggregating each other to form water droplets. There are multiple holes to achieve the effect of filtering fine particles in the water body without applying additional pressure, and it can save energy and prolong the service life of the filter material. And when the hydrophilic material used is a biodegradable material such as PLA or PGA, the melt-blown non-woven fabric can be decomposed naturally without causing environmental problems when the filtering effect is reduced or damaged.

In addition, according to the present invention, hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabrics or laminates made of hydrophilic materials can be used not only for the filtration of fine particles, but also for the collection of microalgae in water bodies or the removal of harmful microorganisms. The application level is extremely wide.

The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, which do not limit the foregoing disclosure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make some improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Preparation examples 1A and 1B: hydrophilic meltblown nonwoven fabric

The hydrophilic material: PLA is melted at high temperature (about 180°C) to form molten polylactic acid into the flow channel of the melt-blown die head, and then enters the spinneret after being evenly distributed, and is sprayed with high-temperature, high-speed, high-pressure hot air to form multiple strands Melt-blown fibers, and the plurality of melt-blown fibers adhere to each other, accumulate to form a network, and obtain a cloth weight of 57 g/ ^m2 through different conventional processing processes. Preparation example 1A hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabric, and cloth weight Be the preparation ^example 1B hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabric of 40 g/m . The hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabrics of Preparation Examples 1A and 1B have multiple holes formed between the melt-blown fibers. About 90% of these holes have a pore diameter of 0.5 μm, and the average pore diameter is 0.5 μm, because the hole diameter is smaller than the smallest algae- Chlorella, and larger than the size of a water molecule (about 0.28 nanometers), therefore, the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabrics of Preparation Examples 1A and 1B can be used to collect algae in water bodies. Since polylactic acid is biodegradable, once the meltblown nonwoven fabric is damaged and unusable, it is easy to decompose in the natural environment without causing environmental problems.

Test Example 1: Chlorella Filtration Ability of Meltblown Nonwovens

The ability of the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabrics of Preparation Examples 1A and 1B and the 500-mesh metal screen (average pore size of 25 μm) as a comparative example to filter an aqueous solution containing chlorella was tested.

Firstly, the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabrics of Preparation Examples 1A and 1B were cut into 4 pieces of squares each 10 cm long and 10 cm wide, and folded into a funnel shape to completely fit the glass funnel. The aqueous solution of the algae flows smoothly into the quantitative cylinder. Record the elapsed time of filtration and the amount of filtration per unit time (1-15, 30, 60, 80, 140 minutes). After waiting for the filtration to stop, record the final time, and analyze the concentration of chlorella in the filtrate with a chlorella chlorophyll concentration analyzer (FluoroProbe, bbe Moldaenke, Germany).

The efficiency of harvesting chlorella by melt-blown non-woven fabric is: (1-C _t /C ₀ ) x 100%, where C _t is the concentration of chlorella cells in the filtrate after filtration, and C ₀ is the ratio of the original aqueous solution containing chlorella cell concentration.

In addition, the aqueous solution containing chlorella was poured into the 500-mesh metal screen of the comparative example to filter, but because the 500-mesh metal screen has a single layer of uniform holes, even if the holes are larger than the size of a single chlorella, the chlorella-containing The aqueous solution instantly blocks all the pores of the screen, making it impossible to filter.

Therefore, only the filtration results of the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabrics of Preparation Example 1A and 1B are recorded, and the chlorella harvest rate of the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric of Preparation Example 1A is 68.46%±1.83%. In addition, please refer to Figure 1, the average filtration capacity of the hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabric of Preparation Example 1A is the largest in the first minute of filtration, about 3.2 milliliters/minute (ml/min), and then gradually decreases, and when it reaches the 8th minute, the average The filtration volume is only 20% of the first minute, about 0.6 ml/min. The accumulative filtration volume also showed a slow rising trend after 8 minutes. Please refer to Figure 2 again, the overall filtration rate reached 64.17% in 10 minutes after the whole set of experiments, and it took about 80 minutes for the total amount of filtrate to reach 95%. The aqueous solution containing chlorella was observed under a microscope at 400 times before and after filtration. The results are shown in Figure 3A and Figure 3B. Chlorella was indeed filtered by the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric of Preparation Example 1A. The number is significantly reduced.

The chlorella harvest rate of Preparation Example 1B hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric was 88.76% ± 7.5%. In addition, please refer to Figure 4. The average filtration capacity of the hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabric in Preparation Example 1B was the largest 3 minutes before filtration, about 1.2 ml/min, and then gradually decreased. At the 12th minute, the average filtration capacity was only 1.2 ml/min. 20% of the filtration volume in 3 minutes, about 0.25 ml/min. Please refer to Figure 5 again, the overall filtration rate reached 44.17% in 10 minutes for the whole set of experiments, and it took about 140 minutes for the total amount of filtrate to reach 95%. Observation with a microscope at 400 times before and after filtration, the results shown in Figures 6A and 6B, the chlorella was indeed filtered by the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric of Preparation Example 1B, and the number of chlorella in the filtrate in Figure 6B was significantly reduced.

Therefore, this example can prove that the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric of the present invention can indeed filter chlorella, and is better than a 500-mesh metal screen that cannot be filtered and is blocked immediately.

Preparation Example 2: Laminate Containing Hydrophilic Meltblown Nonwoven Fabric

First, prepare a base fabric; the base fabric is formed by interweaving a plurality of natural fibers, and the base fabric has a plurality of holes formed by the plurality of natural fibers, and the average diameter of the plurality of holes formed by the plurality of natural fibers is 50 μm to 100 μm . Then, prepare a hydrophilic material, polylactic acid; melt the polylactic acid at a high temperature to form a molten polylactic acid into the flow channel of the melt-blown die head, and then enter the spinneret after being evenly distributed, and spray it with high-temperature, high-speed, high-pressure hot air A plurality of melt-blown fibers are formed on the base fabric to form a laminate of melt-blown non-woven fabrics. A plurality of melt-blown fibers on the base fabric adhere to each other and intertwine to form a network stack, wherein a plurality of holes are formed between the melt-blown fibers, and about 90% of the holes have a diameter of 0.5 μm, and the average diameter is 0.5 μm.

The present invention utilizes the meltblown of hydrophilic material to make hydrophilic meltblown non-woven fabric or laminates containing it, so when it is used to separate fine particles from water, because the meltblown nonwoven fabric is made of hydrophilic material, when When the water molecules in the water body come into contact with it, the hydrogen bonds between the water molecules can be broken, so that the water molecules will not aggregate to form water droplets and can pass through the multiple holes formed between the multiple melt-blown fibers. At the same time, the particle size can be adjusted The fine particles that are larger than the plurality of holes are blocked on the plurality of holes, so as to achieve the effect of filtering fine particles in the water body and collecting algae without additional pressure, and have a longer service life than filter materials that require pressure. And if PLA or PGA and other biodegradable materials are selected as hydrophilic materials, the melt-blown non-woven fabric can be naturally decomposed without causing environmental problems when the filtering effect is reduced or damaged.

The above description is only for the convenience of describing a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of rights claimed by the present invention should be based on the scope of the patent application.

Various modifications and changes can be made in accordance with the present invention which will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. While certain preferred facts have been described, it should be understood that the invention should not be unduly limited to such specific facts. In fact, in terms of implementing the described modes of the present invention, various modifications that are obvious to those skilled in the art are also covered by the scope of the following patent applications.

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Fig. 1 is the average filtration capacity (right side Y-axis) and cumulative filtration capacity figure (left side Y-axis) of preparation example 1A hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabric filtering effect; Fig. 2 is preparation example 1A hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric is used for filtering the aqueous solution containing chlorella time and the relationship diagram of filtration amount percentage; Fig. 3 A is a 400-fold microscope image of an aqueous solution containing chlorella; Fig. 3B is a 400 times magnified micrograph of chlorella in the filtrate after the aqueous solution containing chlorella is filtered by the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric of Preparation Example 1A; Fig. 4 is the average filtration capacity (right Y-axis) and cumulative filtration capacity figure (left Y-axis) of preparation example 1B hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabric filtration effect; Fig. 5 is the relationship diagram between the time and the filtration amount percentage of the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric of Preparation Example 1B for filtering the aqueous solution containing chlorella; Figure 6A is a 400-fold microscope image of an aqueous solution containing chlorella; Fig. 6B is a 400 times magnified microscope image of chlorella in the filtrate after the aqueous solution containing chlorella is filtered by the hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabric of Preparation Example 1B.

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Claims (10)

A hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric, which has: a plurality of melt-blown fibers adhered to each other, and a plurality of holes formed between the melt-blown fibers, wherein the material of the melt-blown fibers is a hydrophilic material, and the hydrophilic The non-toxic material is biodegradable, and the average pore size of the pores is 0.1 micron to 10 micron. The hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic material comprises: polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid or a combination thereof. The hydrophilic melt-blown nonwoven fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the average pore diameter of the holes is 0.1 micron to 2 micron. A laminate, comprising: a hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric as described in claim 1 or 2, and a base fabric; the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric is formed on the base fabric; wherein, the base fabric is composed of a plurality of hydrophilic The hydrophilic fibers are interwoven, and the hydrophilic fibers are biodegradable, and the average pore diameter of the plurality of holes formed by the hydrophilic fibers is 50 microns to 100 microns. A laminate, comprising: a hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric as described in claim 3, and a base fabric; the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric is formed on the base fabric; wherein, the base fabric is made of a plurality of hydrophilic fibers The hydrophilic fibers are formed by interweaving, and the hydrophilic fibers are biodegradable, and the average pore diameter of the plurality of holes formed by the hydrophilic fibers is 50 microns to 100 microns. The laminate according to claim 5, wherein the hydrophilic fibers are natural fibers. A use of the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric as described in any one of Claims 1 to 3, which is used for water purification. A use of the hydrophilic melt-blown non-woven fabric as described in claim 3, which is used to separate microalgae in water. A use of the laminate as described in claim 4 or 5, which is used for water purification. A use of the laminate as claimed in claim 5, which is used to separate microalgae in water.

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