TW202225342A - 水性塗料組成物及塗裝物品 - Google Patents
水性塗料組成物及塗裝物品 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202225342A TW202225342A TW110141326A TW110141326A TW202225342A TW 202225342 A TW202225342 A TW 202225342A TW 110141326 A TW110141326 A TW 110141326A TW 110141326 A TW110141326 A TW 110141326A TW 202225342 A TW202225342 A TW 202225342A
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- water
- particles
- coating
- fluororesin
- mass
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- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-DYCDLGHISA-N deuterium hydrogen oxide Chemical compound [2H]O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-DYCDLGHISA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- -1 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
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- KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-(1,2,2-trifluoroethenoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BLTXWCKMNMYXEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethoxy)ethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)F BLTXWCKMNMYXEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LVYXPOCADCXMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-butoxy-n,n-dimethylpropanamide Chemical compound CCCCOCCC(=O)N(C)C LVYXPOCADCXMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001485 cycloalkadienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- ODYWKGZHVSUTKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol;oxirane Chemical compound C1CO1.CCCCC(CC)CO ODYWKGZHVSUTKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NECRQCBKTGZNMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dimethylhex-1-yn-3-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(O)C#C NECRQCBKTGZNMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
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- 241001455273 Tetrapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
-
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Abstract
本發明提供一種水性塗料組成物,其顯現低線膨脹係數,且藉由塗布於銅箔等金屬基材而能夠抑制基材之翹曲。
本發明係一種水性塗料組成物,其係含有能夠熔融成型之氟樹脂粒子(A)者,且特徵在於,
進而含有二氧化矽粒子(B)、非氟系界面活性劑(C)及水(D),
上述氟樹脂粒子(A)之平均粒徑為0.05~1000 μm,
上述二氧化矽粒子(B)之平均粒徑為0.1~20 μm,
上述氟樹脂粒子(A)與上述二氧化矽粒子(B)之摻合比為氟樹脂粒子(A):二氧化矽粒子(B)=10:90~90:10(質量比),並且,
相對於塗料固形物成分100質量%,該水性塗料組成物包含15~80質量%之上述氟樹脂粒子(A)。
Description
本發明係關於一種水性塗料組成物及塗裝物品。
已知氟樹脂因其優異之耐熱性、耐候性、耐油性、耐溶劑性、耐化學品性及非黏著性而利用於各種用途,且具有粉末、膜等各種使用形態。
就介電特性或吸濕性之觀點而言,用於數十吉赫級別之高頻區域之用途的印刷配線基板亦主要使用形成有氟樹脂絕緣層之積層體。
專利文獻1中揭示有用以於金屬基材上形成氟樹脂之被覆層的水性塗料組成物。
專利文獻2中揭示有用以於金屬基材上形成氟樹脂之被覆層的塗料組成物,進而亦揭示向其中摻合二氧化矽。
專利文獻3~5中揭示有含有氟樹脂粒子之水性塗料組成物。
先前技術文獻
專利文獻
專利文獻1:國際公開1994/05729
專利文獻2:日本特開2009-1767號公報
專利文獻3:日本特開平5-301974號公報
專利文獻4:國際公開2020/071382
專利文獻5:國際公開2018/016644
[發明所欲解決之課題]
本發明之目的在於:提供一種藉由塗布於銅箔等金屬基材而能夠抑制基材之翹曲之水性塗料組成物。
[解決課題之技術手段]
本發明係關於一種水性塗料組成物,其係含有能夠熔融成型之氟樹脂粒子(A)者,且特徵在於,
進而含有二氧化矽(silica)粒子(B)、非氟系界面活性劑(C)及水(D),
上述氟樹脂粒子(A)之平均粒徑為0.05~1000 μm,
上述二氧化矽粒子(B)之平均粒徑為0.1~20 μm,
上述氟樹脂粒子(A)與上述二氧化矽粒子(B)之摻合比為氟樹脂粒子(A):二氧化矽粒子(B)=10:90~90:10(質量比),並且,
相對於塗料固形物成分100質量%,該水性塗料組成物包含15~80質量%之上述氟樹脂粒子(A)。
上述水性塗料組成物較佳為進而含有二醇系溶劑(E)。
上述二醇系溶劑(E)較佳為於氟樹脂粒子(A)之燒成後不會殘留。
上述二氧化矽粒子(B)較佳為最大粒徑為10 μm以下。
上述二氧化矽粒子(B)較佳為水分散性為30質量%以上。
上述氟樹脂粒子(A)較佳為平均粒徑為0.1~100。
上述氟樹脂粒子(A)較佳為體積基準累積50%粒徑為0.05~40 μm。
上述非氟系界面活性劑(C)較佳為聚矽氧系界面活性劑。
本發明亦為一種塗裝物品,其特徵在於:具有藉由塗裝上述水性塗料組成物而形成之被覆層。
上述塗裝物品亦可為於金屬基材上具有藉由塗裝上述水性塗料組成物而形成之被覆層之塗裝物品。
上述塗裝物品亦可為印刷基板、基板用介電材料或積層電路基板。
[發明之效果]
根據本發明,可獲得一種水性塗料組成物,其能夠於不使用氟系界面活性劑之情況下形成電物性及表面物性優異且抑制翹曲產生之氟樹脂被覆層。
於欲將氟樹脂與金屬導體積層而製作氟樹脂基板時,於260℃左右之溫度進行之回焊處理中會產生翹曲。並且,此種產生了翹曲之氟樹脂基板無法用作高頻電路基板。
二氧化矽即便於260℃以上之回焊溫度,其氟耐蝕性亦優異,又,熱膨脹係數小於氟樹脂。藉由形成摻合有上述二氧化矽之氟樹脂被覆層,被覆層之熱膨脹係數與金屬基材之熱膨脹係數之差變小,能夠抑制回焊時產生翹曲。進而,於本發明之水性塗料組成物中,藉由與非氟系界面活性劑組合使用,可抑制回焊時產生之氫氟酸引起之分解,能夠有效率地獲得由摻合有二氧化矽所帶來之效果。
例如,上述二氧化矽粒子(B)之利用BET法所測得之比表面積較佳為1.0~25.0 m
2/g,更佳為1.0~10.0 m
2/g,進而較佳為2.0~6.4 m
2/g。藉由使比表面積處於上述範圍內,膜中之二氧化矽之凝聚較少,塗膜面平滑,因此較佳。
上述二氧化矽粒子(B)之平均粒徑為0.1~20 μm。當平均粒徑處於上述範圍內時,凝聚較少,可得到良好之表面粗度。上述平均粒徑之下限較佳為0.1 μm,更佳為0.3 μm。上述平均粒徑之上限較佳為5 μm,更佳為2 μm。上述平均粒徑係藉由雷射繞射散射法所測得之值。
上述二氧化矽粒子(B)較佳為最大粒徑為10 μm以下。當最大粒徑為10 μm以下時,凝聚較少,分散狀態良好。進而,可使所得之塗膜之表面粗度變小。上述最大粒徑更佳為5 μm以下。最大粒徑係拍攝SEM(掃描式電子顯微鏡)照片,使用SEM用圖像解析軟體,根據隨機選擇之200個粒子之圖像資料而求出。
上述二氧化矽粒子(B)之形狀並無特別限定,可使用球狀、柱狀、錘狀、錐狀、多面體狀、中空狀等。尤其是球狀、立方體、缽狀、圓盤狀、八面體狀、鱗片狀、棒狀、板狀、桿狀、四角狀(tetrapod)、中空狀較佳,更佳為球狀、立方狀、八面體狀、板狀、中空狀。
上述二氧化矽粒子(B)較佳為水分散性為30質量%以上。當未達30質量%時,有分散性變得不充分,水性塗料組成物之穩定性降低之虞。
上述水分散性係藉由以下方式確認,即,秤量二氧化矽、水置於容器,充分施加剪切使其等分散後,於停止攪拌時二氧化矽表面潤濕,數分鐘不產生沉澱。
上述二氧化矽粒子(B)亦可為經表面處理者,例如可為利用聚矽氧化合物進行了表面處理者。藉由利用上述聚矽氧化合物進行表面處理,能夠降低二氧化矽粒子(B)之介電常數。
上述聚矽氧化合物並無特別限定,可使用先前公知之聚矽氧化合物。例如,較佳為包含選自由矽烷偶合劑及有機矽氮烷所組成之群中之至少一種。
至於上述聚矽氧化合物之表面處理量,表面處理劑對於二氧化矽粒子表面之反應量較佳為每單位表面積(nm
2)為0.1~10個,更佳為0.3~7個。
上述二氧化矽粒子(B)可使用一種,或者亦可使用兩種以上之物性不同者。
又,二氧化矽粒子(B)可直接使用粉體,亦可使用分散於樹脂中者。
本發明之水性塗料組成物為摻合能夠熔融成型之氟樹脂粒子(A)者。藉由使用此種氟樹脂粒子(A),成型後之塗膜之均勻性及膜強度提高,加工性提昇,在該方面較佳。
上述能夠熔融成型之氟樹脂粒子(A)之組成並無特別限定,例如可例舉:四氟乙烯[TFE]/六氟丙烯[HFP]共聚物[FEP]、TFE/氟烷基乙烯基醚共聚物[PFA]、TFE/HFP/氟烷基乙烯基醚共聚物[EPA]、TFE/三氟氯乙烯[CTFE]共聚物、TFE/乙烯共聚物[ETFE]、聚偏二氟乙烯[PVdF]、分子量30萬以下之四氟乙烯[LMW-PTFE]等。可使用一種,亦可混合兩種以上使用。
作為上述氟烷基乙烯基醚,例如較佳為選自由以下者所組成之群中之至少1種:
通式(110):CF
2=CF-ORf
111(式中,Rf
111表示全氟有機基)所表示之氟單體、
通式(120):CF
2=CF-OCH
2-Rf
121(式中,Rf
121為碳數1~5之全氟烷基)所表示之氟單體、
通式(130):CF
2=CFOCF
2ORf
131(式中,Rf
131為碳數1~6之直鏈或支鏈狀全氟烷基、碳數5~6之環式全氟烷基、包含1~3個氧原子之碳數2~6之直鏈或支鏈狀全氟氧烷基)所表示之氟單體、
通式(140):CF
2=CFO(CF
2CF(Y
141)O)
m(CF
2)
nF
(式中,Y
141表示氟原子或三氟甲基;m為1~4之整數;n為1~4之整數)所表示之氟單體、以及
通式(150):CF
2=CF-O-(CF
2CFY
151-O)
n-(CFY
152)
m-A
151(式中,Y
151表示氟原子、氯原子、-SO
2F基或全氟烷基;全氟烷基亦可包含醚性氧及-SO
2F基;n表示0~3之整數;n個Y
151可相同亦可不同;Y
152表示氟原子、氯原子或-SO
2F基;m表示1~5之整數;m個Y
152可相同亦可不同;A
151表示-SO
2X
151、-COZ
151或-POZ
152Z
153;X
151表示F、Cl、Br、I、-OR
151或-NR
152R
153;Z
151、Z
152及Z
153相同或不同,表示-NR
154R
155或-OR
156;R
151、R
152、R
153、R
154、R
155及R
156相同或不同,表示H、銨、鹼金屬、可包含氟原子之烷基、芳基、或含有磺醯基之基)所表示之氟單體。
於本說明書中,上述「全氟有機基」意指與碳原子鍵結之氫原子全部被取代為氟原子而成之有機基。上述全氟有機基亦可具有醚氧。
作為通式(110)所表示之氟單體,可例舉Rf
111為碳數1~10之全氟烷基之氟單體。上述全氟烷基之碳數較佳為1~5。
作為通式(110)中之全氟有機基,例如可例舉:全氟甲基、全氟乙基、全氟丙基、全氟丁基、全氟戊基、全氟己基等。
作為通式(110)所表示之氟單體,進而可例舉:上述通式(110)中,Rf
111為碳數4~9之全氟(烷氧基烷基)者;Rf
111為下述式:
(式中,m表示0或1~4之整數)所表示之基者;Rf
111為下述式:
(式中,n表示1~4之整數)所表示之基者等。
作為通式(110)所表示之氟單體,其中,較佳為
通式(160):CF
2=CF-ORf
161(式中,Rf
161表示碳數1~10之全氟烷基)所表示之氟單體。Rf
161較佳為碳數1~5之全氟烷基。
氟烷基乙烯基醚較佳為選自由通式(160)、(130)及(140)所表示之氟單體所組成之群中之至少1種。
通式(160)所表示之氟單體較佳為選自由全氟(甲基乙烯基醚)、全氟(乙基乙烯基醚)、及全氟(丙基乙烯基醚)所組成之群中之至少1種,更佳為選自由全氟(甲基乙烯基醚)、及全氟(丙基乙烯基醚)所組成之群中之至少1種。
通式(130)所表示之氟單體較佳為選自由CF
2=CFOCF
2OCF
3、CF
2=CFOCF
2OCF
2CF
3、及CF
2=CFOCF
2OCF
2CF
2OCF
3所組成之群中之至少1種。
通式(140)所表示之氟單體較佳為選自由CF
2=CFOCF
2CF(CF
3)O(CF
2)
3F、CF
2=CFO(CF
2CF(CF
3)O)
2(CF
2)
3F、及CF
2=CFO(CF
2CF(CF
3)O)
2(CF
2)
2F所組成之群中之至少1種。
通式(150)所表示之氟單體較佳為選自由CF
2=CFOCF
2CF
2SO
2F、CF
2=CFOCF
2CF(CF
3)OCF
2CF
2SO
2F、CF
2=CFOCF
2CF(CF
2CF
2SO
2F)OCF
2CF
2SO
2F及CF
2=CFOCF
2CF(SO
2F)
2所組成之群中之至少1種。
於本說明書中,「有機基」意指含有1個以上碳原子之基或者從有機化合物中去除1個氫原子所形成之基。
該「有機基」之例包含:
可具有1個以上取代基之烷基、
可具有1個以上取代基之烯基、
可具有1個以上取代基之炔基、
可具有1個以上取代基之環烷基、
可具有1個以上取代基之環烯基、
可具有1個以上取代基之環烷二烯基、
可具有1個以上取代基之芳基、
可具有1個以上取代基之芳烷基、
可具有1個以上取代基之非芳香族雜環基、
可具有1個以上取代基之雜芳基、
氰基、甲醯基、RaO-、RaCO-、RaSO
2-、RaCOO-、RaNRaCO-、RaCONRa-、RaOCO-、RaOSO
2-、及RaNRbSO
2-
(該等式中,Ra獨立地為
可具有1個以上取代基之烷基、
可具有1個以上取代基之烯基、
可具有1個以上取代基之炔基、
可具有1個以上取代基之環烷基、
可具有1個以上取代基之環烯基、
可具有1個以上取代基之環烷二烯基、
可具有1個以上取代基之芳基、
可具有1個以上取代基之芳烷基、
可具有1個以上取代基之非芳香族雜環基、或
可具有1個以上取代基之雜芳基、
Rb獨立地為H或可具有1個以上取代基之烷基)。
上述有機基較佳為可具有1個以上取代基之烷基。
就非黏著性、表面平滑性之方面而言,上述氟樹脂粒子(A)較佳為FEP、PFA或EPA,PFA之熔點為300℃以上,焊料加工時不會變形,因此特佳為PFA。
上述氟樹脂粒子(A)之平均粒徑為0.05~1000 μm,較佳為0.1~100 μm,更佳為0.1~30 μm。當平均粒徑處於上述範圍內時,可獲得膜薄且平滑之樹脂被覆層,故較佳。
上述平均粒徑例如係利用雷射繞射散射法所測得之體積平均粒徑。為了使上述氟樹脂粒子(A)成為所需之粒徑,亦可利用篩或風力進行分級。
上述氟樹脂粒子(A)之體積基準累積50%粒徑較佳為0.05~40 μm,更佳為7~40 μm。上述體積基準累積50%粒徑係利用雷射繞射散射法測定粒度分布,將粒子集群之整體體積設為100%,求出累積曲線,於該累積曲線上累積體積成為50%之點的粒徑。當上述體積基準累積50%粒徑處於上述範圍內時,可形成膜薄且平滑之被覆樹脂層,故較佳。
上述氟樹脂粒子(A)之製造方法並無特別限定,具體而言,例如可利用日本特開2009-1767號公報中所記載之方法等進行製造。
構成上述氟樹脂粒子(A)之氟樹脂之聚合方法並無特別限制,可例舉塊狀聚合、懸浮聚合、溶液聚合、乳化聚合等。於上述聚合中,溫度、壓力等各條件、聚合起始劑或其他添加劑可根據所需之氟樹脂之組成或量來適當地進行設定。
上述水性塗料組成物中之氟樹脂粒子(A)之摻合量為全部組成物質量之15~80質量%,較佳為15~75質量%,更佳為20~50質量%。當氟樹脂粒子(A)之摻合量少於上述下限時,黏度過低,即便塗裝於物品表面亦立即產生垂流,又,亦無法厚塗。另一方面,當氟樹脂粒子(A)之摻合量過多時,塗料組成物不具有流動性,無法塗裝。具體之摻合量則考慮塗裝方法或膜厚之調整等而於上述範圍內適當選定即可,於噴霧塗裝等之情形時較佳為設為相對低之濃度,另一方面,於壓抵塗裝等之情形時較佳為設為成為糊狀之50質量%以上。
於本發明中,水性塗料組成物之固形物成分濃度係利用加熱殘存質量測定法進行測定。
關於本發明之水性塗料組成物,其氟樹脂粒子(A):二氧化矽粒子(B)=10:90~90:10(質量比)。藉由以該比例摻合氟樹脂粒子(A)與二氧化矽粒子(B),可獲得防止翹曲等效果。上述摻合量中,氟樹脂粒子(A)之摻合量之下限更佳為10,進而較佳為20。上述摻合量中,氟樹脂粒子(A)之摻合量之上限更佳為90,進而較佳為80。上述摻合量中,二氧化矽粒子(B)之摻合量之上限更佳為60,進而較佳為50。
本發明之水性塗料組成物進而含有非氟系界面活性劑(C)。考慮到成本方面,本發明之水性塗料組成物含有非氟系界面活性劑而不是氟系界面活性劑,此亦為本發明之水性塗料組成物較佳之原因之一。
又,當摻合氟系界面活性劑時,於進行上述氟樹脂粒子(A)之燒成時會產生氫氟酸。該氫氟酸會促進二氧化矽粒子(B)之劣化,因此較佳為不含有。
作為上述非氟系界面活性劑(C),只要為能夠使氟樹脂粒子(A)穩定地分散於組成物中者,則無特別限定,可使用陰離子性界面活性劑、陽離子性界面活性劑、非離子性界面活性劑、兩性界面活性劑中之任一者。例如可例舉:烷基硫酸鈉、烷基醚硫酸鈉、烷基硫酸三乙醇胺、烷基醚硫酸三乙醇胺、烷基硫酸銨、烷基醚硫酸銨、烷基醚磷酸鈉、氟烷基羧酸鈉等陰離子性界面活性劑;烷基銨鹽、烷基苄基銨鹽等陽離子性界面活性劑;聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯苯基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基酯、丙二醇-環氧丙烷共聚物、全氟烷基環氧乙烷加成物、2-乙基己醇環氧乙烷加成物等非離子性界面活性劑;烷基胺基乙酸甜菜鹼、烷基醯胺基乙酸甜菜鹼、咪唑鎓甜菜鹼等兩性界面活性劑等。其中,較佳為陰離子性及非離子性界面活性劑。特佳之界面活性劑係具有熱分解餘量較少之氧乙烯鏈之非離子性界面活性劑。
上述非氟系界面活性劑(C)亦可使用烴系界面活性劑、聚矽氧系界面活性劑、乙炔二醇等乙炔系界面活性劑等。又,可使用該等非氟系界面活性劑中之一種,或亦可將2種以上組合而使用。再者,較佳為不使用壬基苯酚系界面活性劑。
作為上述非氟系界面活性劑(C),尤佳為聚矽氧系界面活性劑。上述聚矽氧系界面活性劑並無特別限定,例如可例舉聚氧乙烯(POE)改質有機聚矽氧、聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯(POE-POP)改質有機聚矽氧、POE山梨醇酐改質有機聚矽氧、POE甘油基改質有機聚矽氧等經親水基改質之有機聚矽氧等。
作為具體例,可例舉:DBE-712、DBE-821(AZmax公司製造);KP系列、KF-6015、KF-6016、KF-6017、KF-6028(信越化學工業公司製造);ABIL-EM97(Goldschmidt公司製造);Polyflow KL-100、Polyflow KL-401、Polyflow KL-402、Polyflow KL-700(共榮社化學製造);「FZ-77」(Dow Corning Toray股份有限公司製造);「BYK-333」(BYK-Chemie Japan股份有限公司製造)等。
關於上述非氟系界面活性劑(C)之摻合量,相對於上述氟樹脂粒子(A)100質量%,較佳為0.01~50質量%,較佳為0.1~30質量%,更佳為0.2~20質量%。當界面活性劑之添加量過少時,氟樹脂粒子之分散變得不均勻,有時一部分會浮起。另一方面,當界面活性劑之添加量過多時,由燒成而產生之界面活性劑之分解殘渣變多,產生著色,此外,被覆膜之耐熱性、非黏著性等亦會降低。
本發明之水性塗料組成物係含有水(D)作為溶劑者。因介質為水,故就對環境造成之不良影響較少之方面而言較佳。
進而,本發明之水性塗料組成物較佳為與水併用而含有水溶性溶劑。上述水溶性溶劑具有使上述氟樹脂粒子(A)潤濕之作用,進而高沸點者於塗裝後進行乾燥時作為將樹脂彼此連結以防止龜裂產生之乾燥延遲劑而發揮作用。即便為高沸點溶劑亦會於氟樹脂之燒成溫度蒸發,因此不會對被覆膜造成不良影響。
關於上述水溶性溶劑之具體例,作為沸點至高為100℃之低沸點有機溶劑,可例舉甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、第二丁醇、第三丁醇、丙酮、甲基乙基酮等;作為沸點為100~150℃之中沸點有機溶劑,可例舉甲基賽珞蘇、乙基賽珞蘇等;作為沸點為150℃以上之高沸點有機溶劑,可例舉N-甲基-2-吡咯啶酮、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、3-丁氧基-N,N-二甲基丙醯胺、3-丁氧基-N,N-二甲基丙醯胺、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、二甲基卡必醇、丁基二卡必醇、丁基賽珞蘇、1,4-丁二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、四乙二醇等。又,該等水溶性溶劑可使用1種或將2種以上者混合而使用。上述水溶性溶劑較佳為高沸點有機溶劑,其中,就分散穩定性、安全性之方面而言,更佳為二醇系溶劑(E)。
上述水溶性溶劑之摻合量較佳為全部水量之0.5~50質量%,更佳為1~30質量%。於低沸點有機溶劑之情形時,當摻合量過少時,會容易發生起泡等情況,當過多時,組成物整體具有易燃性,會損害水性分散組成物之優點。於中沸點有機溶劑之情形時,當摻合量過多時,有時亦於燒成後在被覆膜中殘留而造成不良影響,當過少時,於塗布後進行乾燥時氟樹脂會變回粉末而無法燒成。於高沸點有機溶劑之情形時,當摻合量過多時,有時亦於燒成後在被覆膜中殘留而造成不良影響。上述水溶性溶劑較佳為選擇具有易揮發之性質者或調整摻合量等,以便在上述氟樹脂粒子(A)之燒成後亦不會殘留於被覆膜中。再者,二醇系溶劑(E)於氟樹脂粒子(A)之燒成後未殘留可藉由削掉燒成後之塗膜,利用TG/DTA測定來檢測二醇系溶劑之沸點附近無重量減少來確認。
本發明之水性塗料組成物亦可視需要進而含有黏合劑樹脂。但此時,較佳為不含在N
2下、10℃/分鐘之條件下測得之400℃時之重量減少未達55%之樹脂。包含此種樹脂之水性塗料組成物存在於用以實現塗膜化之加熱後黏合劑樹脂亦未完全分解而殘存之虞,因此有時會成為塗膜物性降低之原因。
於上述水性塗料組成物可摻合例如顏料、穩定劑、增黏劑、分解促進劑、防鏽劑、防腐劑、消泡劑等通常添加至氟樹脂組成物之各種添加劑。作為上述顏料,可例示無機顏料、複合氧化物顏料等,可例舉白碳、碳酸鈣、硫酸鋇、滑石、矽酸鈣等。
上述水性塗料組成物可為不含著色顏料之透明塗料,視需要亦可為包含著色顏料之著色塗料。
以具有藉由塗裝上述水性塗料組成物而形成之被覆層為特徵之塗裝物品亦為本發明之一。
上述水性塗料組成物可利用通常之塗料所使用之塗裝方法進行塗裝,作為上述塗裝方法,可例舉:噴霧塗裝、輥塗裝、利用刮刀之塗裝、浸漬(浸)塗裝、含浸塗裝、旋流塗裝、淋幕平面塗裝(curtain flow coating)、利用棒式塗布機之塗布、凹版塗布法、微凹版塗布法等。
於上述塗裝之後,藉由乾燥、燒成,能夠製成本發明之塗裝物品。作為上述乾燥,只要為能夠去除水性介質之方法則無特別限定,例如可例舉視需要進行加熱,於室溫~130℃加熱5~30分鐘之方法等。上述燒成係於氟樹脂粒子之熔融溫度以上進行者,通常較佳為於200~400℃之範圍進行10~60分鐘。為了防止所塗布之金屬箔發生氧化,較佳為於不活性氣體下進行乾燥、燒成。
作為本發明之塗裝物品中之物品基材,可使用:鐵、不鏽鋼、銅、鋁、黃銅等金屬類;玻璃板、玻璃纖維之織布及不織布等玻璃製品;聚丙烯、聚甲醛、聚醯亞胺、修飾聚醯亞胺、聚醯胺醯亞胺、聚碸、聚醚碸、聚醚醚酮、液晶聚合物等通用及耐熱性樹脂之成形品以及被覆物;SBR、丁基橡膠、NBR、EPDM等通用橡膠、聚矽氧橡膠、氟橡膠等耐熱性橡膠之成形品及被覆物;天然纖維及合成纖維之織布及不織布;或將該等加以組合所形成之積層基材等。
上述物品基材亦可為經表面加工者。作為上述表面加工,可例舉:使用噴砂進行表面粗化直至達到所需粗度者、使粒子附著而進行表面粗化者、實施了金屬抗氧化處理者。
本發明之塗裝物品可於要求耐熱性、耐溶劑性、潤滑性、非黏著性等之領域中使用,可用於膜、纖維強化膜、預浸體、附樹脂金屬箔、覆金屬積層板、印刷基板、基板用介電材料、積層電路基板等。
本發明之塗裝物品特佳為於銅箔上具有藉由本發明之水性塗料組成物而形成之被覆層者。近年來,於各種領域中,高頻區域內之通訊盛行。為了減少於高頻區域使用時之傳輸損耗,正在使用積層有含有氟聚合物之介電體層與銅箔而成者。於此種用途中,本發明之水性塗料組成物可特佳地使用。
[實施例]
以下,藉由實施例對本發明進行說明。實施例中,摻合比例中之%、份只要不特別說明則意指質量%、質量份。本發明並不限定於以下所記載之實施例。
實施例1
步驟1.預粉碎(乾式粉碎)
藉由懸浮聚合製造四氟乙烯(TFE)/全氟乙烯醚(PFVE)共聚物(PFA:熔點=300℃、MFR=25 g/10分鐘),將所得之乾燥粉末直接利用空氣噴流研磨裝置(I.M.MATERIAL公司製造)進行粉碎,獲得平均粒徑10 μm之微粉末。
步驟2.預混合(預分散)
將相對於由步驟1.獲得之PFA微粉末100質量份為10質量份之乙炔二醇系分散劑(Surfynol 440,Air Products Japan公司製造)、10質量份之聚矽氧系界面活性劑(KP-106,信越化學工業公司製造)及280質量份之離子交換水與PFA微粉末充分攪拌、混合,獲得PFA分散液。
步驟3.濕式粉碎
於將由步驟2.獲得之PFA分散液利用100目金屬網過濾後,使其通過高壓乳化機(Nanomizer NMII,吉田機械興業公司製造,粉碎壓力=200 MPa),獲得平均粒徑0.20 μm(利用堀場製作所公司製造之CAPA700測得)之PFA微粉末分散液(氟樹脂粒子(A-1)分散液)。
所得之PFA微粉末之體積基準累積50%粒徑為0.20 μm。
步驟4.塗料化
相對於由步驟3.獲得之PFA微粉末分散液100質量份,加入2.5質量份之聚矽氧系界面活性劑(KP-106,信越化學工業公司製造)、2.5質量份之乙二醇(雙葉化學公司製造)、58質量份之二氧化矽粒子,進而加入20質量份之離子交換水,進行塗料化。
再者,所使用之二氧化矽粒子如下所述。
B-1:Admatechs製造之Admafine SC2500-SQ,平均粒徑0.5 μm、比表面積6.1 m
2/g、最大粒徑1.7 μm
B-2:Admatechs製造之Admafine SC6500-SQ,平均粒徑1.5 μm、比表面積4.0 m
2/g、最大粒徑4.2 μm
確認到所有二氧化矽均表現出70質量%之良好之水分散性。
實施例2~8
除了將各摻合成分如表1所示般進行變更以外,以與實施例1相同之方式進行塗料化。
實施例9
除了使用平均粒徑25 μm之PFA微粉末,省略濕式粉碎以外,以與實施例1相同之方式進行塗料化(氟樹脂粒子(A-2)分散液)。
所得之PFA微粉末之體積基準累積50%粒徑為22.9 μm。
實施例10~16
除了將各摻合成分如表2所示般進行變更以外,以與實施例9相同之方式進行塗料化。
實施例17~20
除了加入作為黏合劑樹脂之聚乙烯醇(PVA,皂化度:78~82 mol%;FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical股份有限公司製造)10 wt%水溶液10質量份,將各摻合成分如表3所示般進行變更以外,以與實施例9相同之方式進行塗料化。
比較例1~4
除了將各摻合成分如表4所示般進行變更以外,以與實施例1及9相同之方式進行塗料化。
加入作為氟系界面活性劑之FTERGENT 250(NEOS公司製造)2.5質量份。再者,比較例4係於不添加乙二醇之情況下進行塗料化。
針對所得之塗料組成物,基於以下基準進行評價。
按照以下方法獲得樹脂被覆層。
使用棒式塗布機(No.40),於銅箔(福田金屬箔粉工業製造之CF-V9S-SV-18)上塗布塗料。使塗布後之銅箔於130℃乾燥15分鐘,對落粉進行評價。進而,於氮氣環境、350℃燒成15分鐘,製作膜厚30 μm之塗膜。燒成後之塗膜並未殘留乙二醇。
(覆銅積層板之翹曲)
針對所得之覆銅積層體,藉由目視確認有無翹曲。
×:捲曲成圓筒狀。
△:發現翹起。
〇:未發現翹起。
(落粉)
藉由目視確認用手指撫摸之情形及用手指按壓之情形時之氟樹脂粉末之脫落。
×:發現脫落。
〇:未發現脫落。
(二氧化矽之劣化)
藉由SEM確認塗布表面,確認二氧化矽粒子有無變形。
×:有變形。
〇:無變形。
[表1]
實施例1 | 實施例2 | 實施例3 | 實施例4 | 實施例5 | 實施例6 | 實施例7 | 實施例8 | |
PFA粒子 | A-1 | A-1 | A-1 | A-1 | A-1 | A-1 | A-1 | A-1 |
二氧化矽種類 | B-1 | B-1 | B-1 | B-1 | B-2 | B-2 | B-2 | B-2 |
界面活性劑種類 | 聚矽氧系 | |||||||
黏合劑 | 無 | |||||||
PFA/二氧化矽(wt%) | 30/70 | 40/60 | 50/50 | 60/40 | 30/70 | 40/60 | 50/50 | 60/40 |
銅箔翹曲 | △ | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | △ | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 |
落粉 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 |
所添加之二氧化矽之劣化 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 |
[表2]
實施例9 | 實施例10 | 實施例11 | 實施例12 | 實施例13 | 實施例14 | 實施例15 | 實施例16 | |
PFA粒子 | A-2 | A-2 | A-2 | A-2 | A-2 | A-2 | A-2 | A-2 |
二氧化矽種類 | B-1 | B-1 | B-1 | B-1 | B-2 | B-2 | B-2 | B-2 |
界面活性劑種類 | 聚矽氧系 | |||||||
黏合劑 | 無 | |||||||
PFA/二氧化矽(wt%) | 30/70 | 40/60 | 50/50 | 60/40 | 30/70 | 40/60 | 50/50 | 60/40 |
銅箔翹曲 | △ | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | △ | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 |
落粉 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 |
所添加之二氧化矽之劣化 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 |
[表3]
實施例17 | 實施例18 | 實施例19 | 實施例20 | |
PFA粒子 | A-2 | A-2 | A-2 | A-2 |
二氧化矽種類 | B-1 | B-1 | B-1 | B-1 |
界面活性劑種類 | 聚矽氧系 | |||
黏合劑 | PVA | |||
PFA/二氧化矽(wt%) | 30/70 | 40/60 | 50/50 | 60/40 |
銅箔翹曲 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 |
落粉 | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
所添加之二氧化矽之劣化 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 |
[表4]
比較例1 | 比較例2 | 比較例3 | 比較例4 | |
PFA粒子 | A-1 | A-2 | A-1 | A-1 |
二氧化矽種類 | 無 | 無 | B-1 | 無 |
界面活性劑種類 | 聚矽氧系 | 氟系 | 聚矽氧系 | |
PFA/二氧化矽(wt%) | 100/0 | 100/0 | 40/60 | 100/0 |
銅箔翹曲 | × | × | 〇 | × |
落粉 | 〇 | 〇 | 〇 | × |
所添加之二氧化矽之劣化 | 〇 | 〇 | × | 〇 |
由表1~4之結果可知,本發明之水性塗料組成物可抑制銅箔之翹曲,形成不產生落粉或不發生二氧化矽之劣化之良好的氟樹脂被覆層。
[產業上之可利用性]
根據本發明,可獲得一種水性塗料組成物,其可抑制銅箔等基材之翹曲,並且形成於抑制落粉及抑制二氧化矽粒子劣化之方面優異之被覆層。上述水性塗料組成物可較佳地用於印刷基板、基板用介電材料、積層電路基板等之塗裝。
無
無
Claims (11)
- 一種水性塗料組成物,其係含有能夠熔融成型之氟樹脂粒子(A)者,且特徵在於, 進而含有二氧化矽(silica)粒子(B)、非氟系界面活性劑(C)及水(D), 上述氟樹脂粒子(A)之平均粒徑為0.05~1000 μm, 上述二氧化矽粒子(B)之平均粒徑為0.1~20 μm, 上述氟樹脂粒子(A)與上述二氧化矽粒子(B)之摻合比為氟樹脂粒子(A):二氧化矽粒子(B)=10:90~90:10(質量比),並且, 相對於塗料固形物成分100質量%,該水性塗料組成物包含15~80質量%之上述氟樹脂粒子(A)。
- 如請求項1之水性塗料組成物,其進而含有二醇系溶劑(E)。
- 如請求項2之水性塗料組成物,其中,二醇系溶劑(E)於氟樹脂粒子(A)之燒成後不會殘留。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之水性塗料組成物,其中,二氧化矽粒子(B)之最大粒徑為10 μm以下。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之水性塗料組成物,其中,二氧化矽粒子(B)之水分散性為30質量%以上。
- 如請求項1至5中任一項之水性塗料組成物,其中,氟樹脂粒子(A)之平均粒徑為0.1~100 μm。
- 如請求項1至6中任一項之水性塗料組成物,其中,氟樹脂粒子(A)之體積基準累積50%粒徑為0.05~40 μm。
- 如請求項1至7中任一項之水性塗料組成物,其中,非氟系界面活性劑(C)為聚矽氧系界面活性劑。
- 一種塗裝物品,其特徵在於:具有藉由塗裝請求項1至8中任一項之水性塗料組成物而形成之被覆層。
- 如請求項9之塗裝物品,其於金屬基材上具有藉由塗裝請求項1至8中任一項之水性塗料組成物而形成之被覆層。
- 如請求項9或10之塗裝物品,其係印刷基板、基板用介電材料或積層電路基板。
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