TW202204927A - Dynamic battery health detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dynamic battery health detection method, which is used on a vehicle. The vehicle includes a controller, a battery electrically connected to the controller, and a motor electrically connected to the controller. Through voltage measurement of the controller in the method, the continuously measured voltage data can be temporarily saved and calculated to detect voltage changes in a specific state, and to infer battery health through subsequent calculations. As such, even if the vehicle is not equipped with a battery management system, the dynamic battery health detection method of the present invention can be used to easily calculate the current health status of the battery and achieve the function of warning.

Description

Dynamic battery health detection method

The present invention relates to a dynamic battery health detection method, in particular to a dynamic battery health detection method suitable for detecting the aging degree of a vehicle battery.

Most of the current electric vehicles on the market determine the battery capacity by charging the battery to the voltage measured when it is fully charged, and then starting to accumulate the amount of electricity released when the battery is fully discharged to define the health of the battery. (State of Health, SOH).

However, this test method requires a rule of thumb to make clear specifications for the battery charge and discharge capacity, such as how much capacity (State of Charge SOC) is charged and then how much capacity can be discharged to determine the accurate battery health. If the method just doesn't pass the capacity that meets the corrected battery health, the accurate battery health may not be corrected for a long time, thereby causing errors in the calculation of the current battery capacity.

Furthermore, the conventional fuel locomotives generally available in the market are not equipped with the same battery management system (BMS) as electric locomotives due to cost considerations, and the lead-acid batteries cannot be used to calculate the battery capacity, let alone the battery health. Therefore, the driving of the fuel vehicle usually drives the vehicle to the point where it can no longer be started before the dealer detects whether the battery health is bad.

The above-mentioned electric vehicles or fuel vehicles currently on the market do not have the function of calculating the battery health level and notifying the driver through a specific interface, that is, it is impossible to warn the owner before the battery life is about to expire, and the battery should be replaced in advance to avoid Possibility of breaking down on the side of the road.

Because of this, the inventor, in the spirit of active invention, urgently thought of a dynamic battery health detection method that can solve the above problems, and finally completed the present invention after several research experiments.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a dynamic battery health detection method, by using the voltage measurement of the controller, the continuously measured voltage data can be temporarily stored and calculated to detect voltage changes in a specific state , and infer the State of Health (SOH) of the battery through subsequent calculations.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention constructs a dynamic battery health detection method for use in a vehicle, the vehicle includes a controller, a battery electrically connected to the controller, and a motor electrically connected to the controller, wherein the dynamic The battery health detection method includes the following steps: (A) The vehicle has been powered on and is in a stationary first state, and it is judged whether the first state is maintained for a first time, if so, execute step (B), if otherwise, repeat step (A); (B) the controller measures the battery to obtain a first voltage, and executes step (C); (C) the motor is driven with heavy load, enters a second state, and judges whether the second state is maintained for a second time, if so, execute step (D), otherwise return to execute step (A); (D) the controller measures the battery to obtain a second voltage, and executes step (E); (E) The motor stops the heavy-duty drive or changes to the power generation state, and judges whether a third voltage measured by the controller is greater than a recovery voltage, if so, execute step (F), if otherwise, return to execute step (D); (F) Entering into a third state, the controller calculates a voltage difference between the first voltage and the second voltage, compares the voltage difference with a preset voltage threshold, and executes step (G); and (G) Judging whether the voltage difference is greater than the voltage threshold, if so, the health of the battery is low, and the battery needs to be replaced; otherwise, the health of the battery is high, and there is no need to replace the battery.

Alternatively, the present invention constructs another dynamic battery health detection method for use in a vehicle, the vehicle includes a controller, a battery electrically connected to the controller, and a motor electrically connected to the controller, wherein the dynamic battery health The level detection method includes the following steps: (A) The vehicle has been powered on and is in a stationary first state, and it is judged whether the first state is maintained for a first time, if so, execute step (B), if otherwise, repeat step (A); (B) the controller measures the battery to obtain a first voltage, and executes step (C); (C) the motor is driven with heavy load, enters a second state, and judges whether the second state is maintained for a second time, if so, execute step (D), otherwise return to execute step (A); (D) the controller measures the battery to obtain a second voltage, and executes step (E); (E) The motor stops the heavy-duty drive or changes to the power generation state, and judges whether a third voltage measured by the controller is greater than a recovery voltage, if so, execute step (F), if otherwise, return to execute step (D); (F) Entering a third state, the controller calculates a voltage difference between the first voltage and the second voltage, compares the voltage difference with a preset voltage threshold, and executes step (G') ;as well as (G') Convert the comparison result between the voltage difference and the voltage threshold into a weight value, and add the weight value into a cumulative weight to determine whether the cumulative weight is greater than a specific weight, if so, the battery's health is low and needs to be replaced The battery, if otherwise, returns to step (A), performs another cycle of weight value calculation again, and accumulates it into the accumulated weight.

With the above design, the dynamic battery health detection method of the present invention can calculate the current health of the battery by calculating the voltage difference between before and after driving even if the vehicle is not equipped with a battery management system. The main reason is that when the battery is aging, the internal resistance increases, and the voltage difference between before and after driving will increase accordingly. Therefore, information about the health of the battery can be obtained through the above method and process.

The above-mentioned vehicle may further include a display device, and may further include a step (H1) after step (G) or step (G'), the controller transmits the battery health level information communication to the display device, and the display device performs a warning reminder. In this way, the user can know the current health of the battery through the display device, and when the health of the battery is low, the user can be reminded that the battery needs to be replaced.

The above-mentioned display device can be communicatively connected to a handheld device, and after step (H1), it may further include a step (H2) of the display device to transmit the battery health level information communication to the handheld device, and the handheld device to give a warning. In this way, the user can know the current health of the battery through the handheld device, and when the health of the battery is low, a warning can be given to remind that the battery needs to be replaced.

The above-mentioned handheld device can be connected to a cloud device through the network, and after the step (H2), a step (H3) may be further included in the handheld device to transmit the battery health information network to the cloud device, as a long-term record for analyzing the health of the battery. . In this way, the user can upload the relevant information of the battery health to the cloud device, and understand and integrate the battery status of each vehicle owner through the analysis of big data, and then perform many subsequent applications.

The motor may be an electric motor, an integrated starter generator or a brushed motor. Therefore, the present invention can be applied not only to electric vehicles with electric motors, but also to gasoline vehicles with integrated starter generators, and even to fuel vehicles with traditional brushed motors, so as to provide a high degree of adaptability. Meet the demands of simple detection of battery health for various types of vehicles.

The types of the above-mentioned batteries can be lithium batteries, lead-acid batteries, energy capacitors, supercapacitors and other electrical energy storage devices. The method and process of this patent can be used to obtain relevant information on the health of the battery, and it is not limited to a specific battery type.

Both the above summary and the following detailed description are exemplary in nature and are intended to further illustrate the scope of the present invention. The other objects and advantages of the present invention will be explained in the following descriptions and drawings.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , which are system architecture diagrams of the dynamic battery health detection method according to the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment, respectively. As shown in FIG. 1 , the dynamic battery health detection method of the present invention is applied to a vehicle 1a. In this embodiment, the vehicle 1a is an electric vehicle, and the vehicle 1a includes a controller 2 and a battery 3 . , an electric motor 4a and a display device 5, the battery 3 and the electric motor 4a are electrically connected to the controller 2 respectively, and the display device 5 is connected to the controller 2 through communication. Among them, the display device 5 is a meter or display equipped with the vehicle 1a, which provides a display function of the battery health level, so that the driver can know the current health level of the battery 3, and the communication link is a controller area network (LAN) using wired communication. Controller Area Network, CAN bus), K-Line (K-Line), analog or digital signal, etc., or use wireless transmission wireless network (Wifi), Bluetooth, ANT+ communication protocol and other communication methods for data transmission. Furthermore, the vehicle 1a of the present invention has the function of the Internet of Vehicles. After the display device 5 obtains the battery health information, it can be connected to the application program of the handheld device 6 through wireless communication (Wifi or Bluetooth), and further connect the battery to the battery. The health level information is uploaded to the cloud device 7 through the network, so the battery status of each vehicle owner can be understood and integrated through the analysis of big data, and then many subsequent applications can be performed. The type of the above-mentioned battery 3 can be a lithium battery, a lead-acid battery, an energy capacitor, a supercapacitor and other electrical energy storage devices. The method and process of this patent can be used to obtain information about the health of the battery, and it is not limited to a specific battery type.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 2, the dynamic battery health detection method of the present invention can also be applied to a vehicle 1b. In this embodiment, the vehicle 1b is a vehicle with an integrated starter generator 4b (Integrated Starter Generator 4b). , ISG) gasoline vehicles, the only difference from the first embodiment is the driving mode, and the rest of the system architecture is the same as the first embodiment. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3 , the dynamic battery health detection method of the present invention can also be applied to a vehicle 1c. In this embodiment, the vehicle 1c is a fuel vehicle with a brushed motor 4c, which is similar to the vehicle 1c. The difference between the first embodiment is only in the driving method and part of the circuit configuration, and the rest of the system structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Next, please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , which are a voltage-time relationship diagram and a first flowchart of the dynamic battery health level detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention, respectively. As shown in the figure, the first dynamic battery health detection method of the present invention includes the following steps:

Step (A) The vehicle 1a has been powered on and is in a stationary first state S1, and it is judged whether the first state S1 is maintained for a first time T1, if so, execute step (B), if otherwise, repeat step (A) , wherein, the first state S1 refers to the state when the vehicle 1a is powered on but not yet started. The first time T1 in this embodiment is set to 2 seconds, but it is not limited to this, and can be other values.

Step (B) The controller 2 measures the battery 3 to obtain a first voltage V1, and executes the step (C), wherein the first voltage V1 in this embodiment is set in the first state S1 after the first time T1 is continued. The detection voltage, as shown in FIG. 4 , the first voltage V1 is 52V, but not limited to this, the first voltage can also be calculated by averaging the values every 0.05 seconds during the first time T1 of the first state S1 v1.

Step (C) The electric motor 4a is driven with heavy load, enters a second state S2, and judges whether the second state S2 is maintained for a second time T2, if so, execute step (D), otherwise return to execute step (A), wherein , the second state S2 means that the electric motor 4a is in a driving state. The second time T2 in this embodiment is set to 2 seconds, but it is not limited to this, and other values are also possible.

Step (D) The controller 2 measures the battery 3 to obtain a second voltage V2, and executes the step (E), wherein the second voltage V2 in this embodiment is set in the second state S2 after the second state S2 lasts for the second time T2. The detection voltage, as shown in FIG. 4 , the second voltage V2 is 48.2V, but not limited to this, and can also be averaged every 0.05 seconds in the second time T2 of the second state S2 to calculate the second voltage V2.

Step (E) The electric motor 4a stops the heavy-duty drive or changes to the power generation state, and judges whether a third voltage V3 measured by the controller 2 is greater than a recovery voltage Vr, if so, execute step (F), otherwise return to execute step ( D), wherein, the recovery voltage Vr in this embodiment is 52.8V, but it is not limited to this, and can also be other values.

Step (F) enters a third state S3, the controller 2 calculates a voltage difference Vd from the first voltage V1 minus the second voltage V2, and compares the voltage difference Vd with a preset voltage threshold Vt, And perform step (G), wherein, the voltage threshold Vt of the specific battery can be obtained through a preset experiment. The first voltage V1 minus the second voltage V2 in this embodiment is equal to the voltage difference Vd, that is, the voltage The difference Vd=52V-48.2V=3.8V, and the preset voltage threshold Vt=3.0V.

Step (G) determines whether the voltage difference Vd is greater than the voltage threshold Vt. If so, the health of the battery 3 is low and the battery 3 needs to be replaced. Otherwise, the health of the battery 3 is high and the battery 3 does not need to be replaced. Among them, since the voltage difference Vd=3.8V is greater than the preset voltage threshold Vt=3.0V, it means that the battery 3 has aged and the internal resistance increases, and the voltage difference before driving and after driving also increases accordingly.

Step (H1) The controller 2 transmits the battery health information communication to the display device 5, and the display device 5 gives a warning. In this way, the user can know the current health of the battery 3 through the display device 5 , and when the health of the battery is low, the user can be reminded that the battery 3 needs to be replaced.

Step (H2) The display device 5 transmits the battery health information communication to the handheld device 6, and the handheld device 6 gives a warning. In this way, the user can know the current health level of the battery 3 through the handheld device 6 , and when the battery health level is low, the user can be reminded that the battery 3 needs to be replaced.

Step (H3) The handheld device 6 transmits the battery health information network to the cloud device 7 for long-term record analysis of the health of the battery 3. In this way, the user can upload the relevant information of the battery health to the cloud device 7 , and understand and integrate the battery status of each vehicle owner through the analysis of big data, and can then perform many subsequent applications.

Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a second flowchart of the dynamic battery health level detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the second dynamic battery health detection method of the present invention includes the following steps:

Step (A) The vehicle 1a has been powered on and is in a stationary first state S1, and it is judged whether the first state S1 is maintained for a first time T1, if so, execute step (B), if otherwise, repeat step (A) , wherein, the first state S1 refers to the state when the vehicle 1a is powered on but not yet started. The first time T1 in this embodiment is set to 2 seconds, but it is not limited to this, and can be other values.

Step (B) The controller 2 measures the battery 3 to obtain a first voltage V1, and executes the step (C), wherein the first voltage V1 in this embodiment is set in the first state S1 after the first time T1 is continued. The detection voltage, as shown in FIG. 4 , the first voltage V1 is 52V, but not limited to this, the first voltage can also be calculated by averaging the values every 0.05 seconds during the first time T1 of the first state S1 v1.

Step (C) The electric motor 4a is driven under heavy load, enters a second state S2, and judges whether the second state S2 is maintained for a second time T2, if so, execute step (D), otherwise return to execute step (A), wherein , the second state S2 means that the electric motor 4a is in a driving state. The second time T2 in this embodiment is set to 2 seconds, but it is not limited to this, and other values are also possible.

Step (D) The controller 2 measures the battery 3 to obtain a second voltage V2, and executes the step (E), wherein the second voltage V2 in this embodiment is set in the second state S2 after the second state S2 lasts for the second time T2. The detection voltage, as shown in FIG. 4 , the second voltage V2 is 48.2V, but not limited to this, and can also be averaged every 0.05 seconds in the second time T2 of the second state S2 to calculate the second voltage V2.

Step (E) The electric motor 4a stops the heavy-duty drive or changes to the power generation state, and judges whether a third voltage V3 measured by the controller 2 is greater than a recovery voltage Vr, if so, execute step (F), otherwise return to execute step ( D), wherein, the recovery voltage Vr in this embodiment is 52.8V, but it is not limited to this, and can also be other values.

Step (F) enters a third state S3, the controller 2 calculates a voltage difference Vd from the first voltage V1 minus the second voltage V2, and compares the voltage difference Vd with a preset voltage threshold Vt, And perform step (G), wherein, the voltage threshold Vt of the specific battery can be obtained through a preset experiment. The first voltage V1 minus the second voltage V2 in this embodiment is equal to the voltage difference Vd, that is, the voltage The difference Vd=52V-48.2V=3.8V, and the preset voltage threshold Vt=3.0V.

Step (G') Convert the comparison result between the voltage difference value Vd and the voltage threshold value Vd into a weight value Wi, add the weight value Wi into a cumulative weight W, and determine whether the cumulative weight W is greater than a specific weight Ws, and if so, the battery 3 If the degree of health is low, the battery 3 needs to be replaced. Otherwise, return to step (A), and perform another cycle of weight calculation and add it to the accumulated weight W. Wherein, this embodiment sets the weight value +1 for every 0.1V of the voltage difference Vd greater than the voltage threshold Vt, and the weight value of -1 for every 0.1V of the voltage difference Vd smaller than the voltage threshold Vt (deducted to 0), That is, the weight value Wi=+8 this time is included in a cumulative weight W=8, and the specific weight Ws=1000 is set in this embodiment, and other values may also be used, which is not limited thereto. However, because the cumulative weight W=8 is less than the specific weight Ws=1000, it is necessary to return to step (A), and perform another cycle of weight value calculation and accumulate into the cumulative weight W, and then perform the specific weight Ws again. Compare.

Step (H1) The controller 2 transmits the battery health information communication to the display device 5, and the display device 5 gives a warning. In this way, the user can know the current health of the battery 3 through the display device 5 , and when the health of the battery is low, the user can be reminded that the battery 3 needs to be replaced.

Step (H2) The display device 5 transmits the battery health information communication to the handheld device 6, and the handheld device 6 gives a warning. In this way, the user can know the current health level of the battery 3 through the handheld device 6 , and when the battery health level is low, the user can be reminded that the battery 3 needs to be replaced.

Step (H3) The handheld device 6 transmits the battery health information network to the cloud device 7 for long-term record analysis of the health of the battery 3. In this way, the user can upload the relevant information of the battery health to the cloud device 7 , and understand and integrate the battery status of each vehicle owner through the analysis of big data, and can then perform many subsequent applications.

With the above design, the dynamic battery health detection method of the present invention can allow the vehicle to calculate the current health of the battery by calculating the voltage difference between before and after driving even if the vehicle is not equipped with a battery management system. Effectively save costs and maintain product competitiveness.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for convenience of description, and the scope of the claims claimed in the present invention should be based on the scope of the patent application, rather than being limited to the above-mentioned embodiments.

1a, 1b, 1c: Vehicles 2: Controller 3: battery 4a: Electric Motor 4b: Integrated starter generator 4c: brushed motor 5: Display device 6: Handheld device 7: Cloud Device S1: first state S2: Second state V1: first voltage V2: The second voltage V3: the third voltage Vr: recovery voltage A-H3: Steps

FIG. 1 is a system structure diagram of a dynamic battery health level detection method according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a system structure diagram of a dynamic battery health detection method according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a system architecture diagram of a method for detecting a dynamic battery health level according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a voltage-time relationship diagram of the dynamic battery health detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a first flow chart of the dynamic battery health detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a second flowchart of the dynamic battery health detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

A-H3: Steps

Claims (7)

A dynamic battery health level detection method is used on a vehicle, the vehicle includes a controller, a battery electrically connected to the controller, and a motor electrically connected to the controller, wherein the dynamic battery health level detection method Contains the following steps: (A) The vehicle has been powered on and is in a stationary first state, and it is judged whether the first state is maintained for a first time, if so, execute step (B), if otherwise, repeat step (A); (B) the controller measures the battery to obtain a first voltage, and executes step (C); (C) the motor is driven under heavy load, enters a second state, and judges whether the second state is maintained for a second time, if so, execute step (D), otherwise return to execute step (A); (D) the controller measures the battery to obtain a second voltage, and executes step (E); (E) the motor stops the heavy-duty drive or changes to the power generation state, and judges whether a third voltage measured by the controller is greater than a recovery voltage, if so, execute step (F), otherwise return to execute step (D); (F) Entering a third state, the controller calculates a voltage difference between the first voltage and the second voltage, compares the voltage difference with a preset voltage threshold, and executes step ( G); and (G) judging whether the voltage difference is greater than the voltage threshold, if so, the health of the battery is low, and the battery needs to be replaced; otherwise, the health of the battery is high, and the battery does not need to be replaced. A dynamic battery health level detection method is used on a vehicle, the vehicle includes a controller, a battery electrically connected to the controller, and a motor electrically connected to the controller, wherein the dynamic battery health level detection method Contains the following steps: (A) The vehicle has been powered on and is in a stationary first state, and it is judged whether the first state is maintained for a first time, if so, execute step (B), if otherwise, repeat step (A); (B) the controller measures the battery to obtain a first voltage, and executes step (C); (C) the motor is driven under heavy load, enters a second state, and judges whether the second state is maintained for a second time, if so, execute step (D), otherwise return to execute step (A); (D) the controller measures the battery to obtain a second voltage, and executes step (E); (E) the motor stops the heavy-duty drive or changes to the power generation state, and judges whether a third voltage measured by the controller is greater than a recovery voltage, if so, execute step (F), otherwise return to execute step (D); (F) Entering a third state, the controller calculates a voltage difference between the first voltage and the second voltage, compares the voltage difference with a preset voltage threshold, and executes step ( G'); and (G') Convert the comparison result between the voltage difference and the voltage threshold into a weight value, add the weight value to a cumulative weight, and determine whether the cumulative weight is greater than a specific weight, and if so, the health of the battery is relatively low If it is low, the battery needs to be replaced. Otherwise, return to step (A), perform another cycle of weight value calculation and add it to the accumulated weight. The dynamic battery health level detection method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the vehicle further comprises a display device, and the step (G) or the step (G') further comprises a step (H1) of the The controller transmits the battery health level information communication to the display device, and the display device performs a warning reminder. The dynamic battery health level detection method according to claim 3, wherein the display device is communicatively connected to a handheld device, and the step (H1) further includes a step (H2) after the display device communicates the battery health level information It is transmitted to the handheld device, and the handheld device performs a warning reminder. The dynamic battery health level detection method according to claim 4, wherein the handheld device is connected to a cloud device through a network, and after the step (H2), a step (H3) of the handheld device for the battery health level is further included. The information network is transmitted to the cloud device, which is used as a long-term record to analyze the health of the battery. The dynamic battery health detection method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the motor is an electric motor, an integrated starter generator or a brushed motor. The dynamic battery health detection method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the battery is a lithium battery, a lead-acid battery, an energy capacitor or a super capacitor.

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