TW202200350A - Synchronous multi-beam laser cladding device capable of making the cladding layer have production quality with higher uniformity - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provided a synchronous multi-beam laser cladding device, which can be applied to an additive manufacturing auxiliary system, which can realize the requirements of laser beams segment activation and the laser spot size enlargement by adding multiple laser beams to the outside of a laser tool head in a laser processing system. When the main laser beam is turned on and the scanning movement is performed, preheating and heat source enlarging can be simultaneously carried out to the material to be processed and the quality of the additive manufactured products will be improved. The multi-beam laser structure is a laser cladding nozzle formed by the main beam combined with auxiliary beams. By using the auxiliary beam, the cladding efficiency of the laser processing will be enhanced, so that the input of the laser processing head can be controlled flexibly.

Description

Synchronous multi-beam laser ablation device

The present invention is related to the application field of lasers, especially a synchronous multi-beam laser cladding device which can be used in the manufacture of laminated materials.

With the advent of smart manufacturing and digital entity conversion technology, in order to meet the development foundation of green environmental protection, it is urgent to upgrade the current traditional manufacturing mode. The reason lies in the field of mold, automobile, and aviation, etc. A large number of components are used, and due to frequent use of these components, the components are easily damaged by wear/corrosion, which reduces the service life of the components. On the other hand, the above-mentioned components tend to be complex in geometry, and the processing procedures are cumbersome and time-consuming. Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the repair and remanufacturing technology for surface wear and the technology for rapid lamination manufacturing of components have great advantages. development space.

Due to the use of laser processing systems in repair remanufacturing and rapid lamination manufacturing, whether it is the use of equipment or process gases, compared to hot/cold spraying, the repairable area and depth of parts repairable and inner hole surface treatment are concerned. , its application and cost considerations are more advantageous than hot/cold spraying. Up to now, it can be used for both metal materials and ceramic materials, especially for the surface modification of the material, to improve or increase the wear resistance, corrosion resistance or high temperature oxidation resistance of the material surface.

However, cracks and porosity are the most common defects in laser repair remanufacturing and rapid build-up manufacturing. The main reason for the formation of these defects comes from the inability to precisely control the metallurgical chemical reaction and solidification behavior of metallurgical materials cooled from high temperature to normal temperature.

In the process, solidification cracks, also known as crystallization cracks, occur in the later stage of the metal solidification process. When the metal material nucleates, grows grains, passes through grain boundaries, and almost completes crystallization at the end, at the same time, there is still a thin liquid phase layer between grains, with low fluidity and low plasticity. Once the cooling process The temperature distribution in the medium is uneven. When the material condenses and shrinks and the tensile deformation exceeds the critical value, the crack will crack along the liquid layer near the grain boundary. Most of these cracks originate from the final confluence of dendrites and extend along the intergranular. In severe cases, the cracks will continue to extend to the surface of the cladding layer, especially those containing more sulfur and phosphorus (sometimes containing silicon and carbon). Among the most carbon steel materials, such as high-carbon steel, heat-resistant steel, nickel-based alloys and aluminum alloys, solidification cracks are particularly prone to occur at the weld.

On the other hand, in the laser lamination manufacturing, the focal distance of the laser determines the size of the laser spot, and the spot size determines the size of the molten pool. Therefore, in order to obtain a sufficiently large spot size, the focal position is often at In the defocused state, and because the energy density of the laser on the surface of the material and the yield of the powder material during the cladding process largely depend on the spot size, in order to obtain a good quality cladding layer, a high-power laser is often required. laser source to achieve.

In order to solve the above-mentioned common deficiencies in the laser lamination manufacturing process, the team has developed a multi-beam laser cladding processing head based on years of experience to apply it to the lamination manufacturing auxiliary system. Auxiliary laser beams are set up through the bracket mechanism, and the auxiliary laser beams are aligned with the main laser beam spot, which can effectively solve the laser spot size. When entering the molten pool, it can be effectively melt-bonded to further improve the yield.

One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a laser melting and cladding device, which can increase the spot size, so that the material yield can be more effectively improved when the fused powder material enters the molten pool. With the characteristics of uniform and stable temperature distribution, the The fused coating has high uniform production quality.

In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention discloses a synchronous multi-beam laser cladding device for laser cladding processing on a to-be-processed object, comprising: a cladding head body provided with a main laser beam for use to form a main light spot; a plurality of brackets are respectively provided with an auxiliary laser beam, the brackets are arranged around the side of the fusion head body, so that the auxiliary laser beams are arranged around the main laser beam , and the auxiliary laser beams are used to form a primary light spot; wherein, the main light spot and the secondary light spot are superimposed to form a fusion light spot; a powder flow channel is arranged on one side of the main laser beam, and the The powder flow channel provides a fused-coated powder to a molten pool formed in the fused-coated light spot to form a fused-coated coating; and a base for placing the to-be-processed object, wherein the fused head body and the The isocratic system can move synchronously with respect to the base.

Preferably, the auxiliary laser beams are arranged at equidistant intervals.

Preferably, the secondary light spot is continuous with the periphery of the main light spot and superimposed to form the cladding light spot.

Preferably, the fused powder is fused relative to the fused light spot in an asymmetrical side powder feeding mode.

Preferably, the cladding powder is fused relative to the cladding light spot in a symmetrical coaxial powder feeding mode.

Preferably, the brackets are movable to form an included angle of 60-80 degrees with respect to the base, respectively.

Preferably, the brackets can be moved to form a distance of 100-180 mm from the base, respectively.

In order to enable your examiners to clearly understand the content of the present invention, please refer to the following descriptions and drawings. The representations shown in the figures are merely schematics for illustrating the technical features of the present application, and do not mean that the present invention can only be implemented in these ways. Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 4 , which are respectively a schematic diagram of the action and a schematic diagram of the device of each preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Among them, the present invention discloses a synchronous multi-beam laser cladding device for performing laser cladding processing on a to-be-processed object 9, wherein the laser cladding device comprises a cladding head body 1, a plurality of The bracket 2 , a powder flow channel 30 and a base 5 . The main body 1 of the fusion head is provided with a main laser beam 10 to form a main light spot 101, and the brackets 2 are respectively provided with an auxiliary laser beam 20, and the brackets 2 are arranged around the fusion head On the side of the main body 1 , the auxiliary laser beams 20 are arranged around the main laser beam 10 , and the auxiliary laser beams 20 can be used to form a primary spot 201 . Further, the setting angle of the main light spot 101 and the secondary light spot 201 is such that a fusion light spot 40 is formed after the two are superimposed. Accordingly, the cladding light spot 40 has better uniformity and stability of temperature distribution, and the size and area of the cladding light spot is larger than that of the traditional cladding, thereby improving the yield. In addition, the powder flow channel 30 is disposed on one side of the main laser beam 10 , and the powder flow channel 30 provides a fusion coating powder 301 to a molten pool 302 in the fusion coating spot 40 to form a fusion coating Layer 303. The base 5 is used for placing the object to be processed 9 , wherein, in order to improve the flexibility of laser control during processing, the cladding head body 1 and the brackets 2 can move synchronously relative to the base 5 , so as to This makes the adjustment of the laser more consistent with respect to the object to be processed 9, which greatly improves the accuracy of the fusion processing.

Further, in order to make the secondary light spot 201 formed by the auxiliary laser beams 20 and the main light spot 101 have a better overlapping effect, the auxiliary laser beams 20 are arranged at equal intervals, with a circle of 360 degrees For example, three auxiliary laser beams 20 are arranged at an angle of about 120 degrees from each other; four auxiliary laser beams 20 are arranged at an angle of about 90 degrees from each other. , and so on.

Further, since increasing the size of the cladding light spot 40 can improve the yield rate, based on this consideration, the secondary light spot 201 can be continuous with the periphery of the main light spot 101 , and then overlap to form the entire area of the cladding light spot 40 . In this way, the cladding light spot 40 can greatly increase the range of the correspondingly generated molten pool 302 , and when the cladding powder 201 enters the range of the molten pool 302 , the yield can be effectively increased.

At the same time, when the laminated material of the object to be processed 9 is fused, the fused powder 301 can be fused in an asymmetrical side powder feeding mode relative to the fused spot 40, as shown in FIG. 2 ; Or the cladding powder 301 is selected to be fused in a symmetrical coaxial powder feeding mode relative to the cladding light spot 40 , as shown in FIG. 3 . No matter what feeding method is used for thawing, the multi-beam laser thawing method of this technical means can effectively form a better thawing effect.

Furthermore, in order to strengthen the laser processing of elastically controllable input, the brackets 2 are movable to form an included angle of 60-80 degrees with respect to the base 5 respectively. Preferably, the brackets 2 are movable to form a distance of 100-180 mm from the base 5 respectively. Through the change of the aforementioned angle and distance, the size of the cladding spot 40 and the temperature distribution of the molten pool 302 can be adjusted effectively and elastically, and accordingly, the material process after laser cladding can be effectively realized for different laminate materials and the cladding powder 301 effect.

To sum up, the synchronous multi-beam laser cladding device in this case can be applied to the auxiliary system of lamination manufacturing. By adding multiple laser beams outside the laser tool head in the laser processing system, the laser beam splitting can be realized. Demand for segment startup and expansion of laser spot size. When the main laser beam is turned on and scans, it can simultaneously achieve preheating, heat source expansion, and improve the quality of laminated products for the material to be processed. According to this, the laser processing head with elastically controllable input can effectively increase the spot size, and promote the cladding powder material to enter the molten pool to more effectively improve the yield. The coating has a high uniform production quality.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of rights of the present invention; therefore, changes, modifications or replacements of elements with the same function without departing from the equal scope of the present invention are still valid. All should be covered within the patent scope of the present invention.

1: Fusion head body 10: Main laser beam 101: Main spot 2: Bracket 20: Auxiliary laser beam 201: Secondary spot 30: Powder runner 301: Melted Powder 302: Molten Pool 303: Fused coating 40: Melting spot 5: Pedestal 9: Objects to be processed

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

1: Fusion head body

10: Main laser beam

2: Bracket

20: Auxiliary laser beam

30: Powder runner

5: Pedestal

Claims (7)

A synchronous multi-beam laser cladding device for laser cladding processing on a to-be-processed object, comprising: a fusion head body, provided with a main laser beam for forming a main light spot; A plurality of brackets are respectively provided with an auxiliary laser beam, the brackets are arranged around the side of the cladding head body, so that the auxiliary laser beams are arranged around the main laser beam, and the auxiliary laser beams are arranged around the main laser beam. The beam is used to form a primary light spot; wherein, the main light spot and the secondary light spot are superimposed to form a fused light spot; a powder flow channel disposed on one side of the main laser beam, and the powder flow channel provides a cladding powder into the cladding light spot to form a molten pool; and A base for placing the object to be processed, wherein the fusion head body and the brackets can move synchronously relative to the base. The synchronous multi-beam laser ablation device according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary laser beams are arranged at equal intervals. The synchronous multi-beam laser ablation device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the secondary light spot is connected to the periphery of the main light spot and superimposed to form the ablated light spot. The synchronous multi-beam laser cladding device according to claim 3, wherein the cladding powder is fused relative to the cladding light spot in an asymmetrical side powder feeding mode. The synchronous multi-beam laser cladding device according to claim 3, wherein the cladding powder is fused relative to the cladding light spot in a symmetrical coaxial powder feeding mode. The synchronous multi-beam laser cladding device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the brackets are movable to form an included angle of 60 to 80 degrees with respect to the base, respectively. The synchronous multi-beam laser ablation device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the brackets are movable to form a distance of 100-180 mm from the base, respectively.

Images