TW202144591A - Mechanical stirring-type desulfurization system - Google Patents
Mechanical stirring-type desulfurization system Download PDFInfo
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- TW202144591A TW202144591A TW110112499A TW110112499A TW202144591A TW 202144591 A TW202144591 A TW 202144591A TW 110112499 A TW110112499 A TW 110112499A TW 110112499 A TW110112499 A TW 110112499A TW 202144591 A TW202144591 A TW 202144591A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/20—Measures not previously mentioned for influencing the grain structure or texture; Selection of compositions therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
- C22B9/103—Methods of introduction of solid or liquid refining or fluxing agents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
本發明是關於機械攪拌式脫硫系統,其係具備有機械攪拌式脫硫裝置、及用於將脫硫劑吹入該機械攪拌式脫硫裝置之氣體吹入用吹管。The present invention relates to a mechanically agitated desulfurization system comprising a mechanically agitated desulfurization device and a blowing pipe for gas blowing for blowing a desulfurizing agent into the mechanically agitated desulfurization device.
作為進行熔鐵之脫磷脫硫時所使用之代表性的設備,機械攪拌式脫硫裝置是已知的,其係朝收容有熔鐵之精煉容器內將脫磷脫硫劑投入,並使用攪拌葉輪將該熔鐵進行機械攪拌。As a typical device used for dephosphorizing and desulfurizing molten iron, a mechanical stirring type desulfurizer is known, which injects a dephosphorizing and desulfurizing agent into a refining vessel in which molten iron is accommodated, and uses The stirring impeller mechanically stirs the molten iron.
在該設備,作為脫硫劑的添加方法,以往是採用重力落下方式,在該方法,於添加時,脫硫劑的一部分會飛散而被集塵裝置吸引,或是脫硫劑會凝聚而造成脫硫效率降低,因此存在脫硫劑等的添加良率(yield)低的問題。 於是變成利用以下的方法,亦即,對於被攪拌之熔鐵的液面上,透過稱為頂吹管之筒體,使用氬氣、氮氣等的搬運用氣體高速且連續地噴吹,藉此朝熔鐵內讓脫硫劑侵入而進行添加(參照例如專利文獻1)。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]In this facility, as a method for adding the desulfurizing agent, the gravity drop method is conventionally used. In this method, when adding a desulfurizing agent, a part of the desulfurizing agent scatters and is attracted by the dust collector, or the desulfurizing agent agglomerates and causes Since the desulfurization efficiency is lowered, there is a problem that the addition yield (yield) of the desulfurizer or the like is low. Therefore, the following method is used, that is, the liquid surface of the molten iron to be stirred is sprayed at high speed and continuously with a conveying gas such as argon gas and nitrogen gas through a cylinder called a top blowing pipe, thereby to A desulfurizing agent is added into the molten iron (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2005-179690號公報 [專利文獻2]日本特開2004-301362號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-179690 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-301362
[發明所欲解決之問題][Problems to be Solved by Invention]
在上述使用頂吹管而朝熔鐵的液面上噴吹脫硫劑的方式,相對於液面液位(level)之吹管的高度對脫硫效率有很大的幫助。 例如,在投射時,若吹管和液面間的距離較遠(800mm以上),會被集塵裝置吸引,而使脫硫劑的投入量減少,因此脫硫效率變差。相反的,若吹管和液面間的距離較近(400mm以下),吹管前端會被熔鐵熔損,而造成吹管的使用壽命縮短。 因此,相對於液面液位之吹管的高度之調整變得重要(推薦的吹管~液面高度:500~700mm)。In the above-mentioned method of blowing the desulfurizing agent toward the liquid surface of molten iron using the top blowing pipe, the height of the blowing pipe relative to the liquid surface level greatly contributes to the desulfurization efficiency. For example, during projection, if the distance between the blow pipe and the liquid surface is long (800 mm or more), the dust collector will be sucked, and the input amount of the desulfurizing agent will be reduced, so the desulfurization efficiency will be deteriorated. On the contrary, if the distance between the blowpipe and the liquid surface is close (below 400mm), the front end of the blowpipe will be melted by molten iron, which will shorten the service life of the blowpipe. Therefore, it is important to adjust the height of the blow pipe relative to the liquid level (recommended blow pipe ~ liquid level height: 500~700mm).
此外,每次處理之熔鐵的量不同,再者,因附著於鍋內側之基本金屬(base metal)的情況而造成之處理鍋的形狀差異,會使每次處理的液面液位大幅變動,因此每次都必須進行液面液位的計測。 以往,作為熔鐵的液面液位之計測方法,已知有以下的方法。 (1)將熔鐵的重量除以比重而求出容積,再除以熔鐵鍋的底面積而求出高度(液面液位)的方法。 然而,依據此方法,當在鍋的內側(耐火物)附著了基本金屬等的情況,底面積會變小,或相反的,當鍋的內側發生損耗的情況,底面積會變大,因此有精度不佳的問題。In addition, the amount of molten iron to be processed is different each time, and furthermore, the difference in the shape of the processing pot caused by the base metal attached to the inner side of the pot causes the liquid level of each treatment to fluctuate greatly. , so it is necessary to measure the liquid level every time. Conventionally, as a method of measuring the liquid level of molten iron, the following methods are known. (1) A method of obtaining the height (liquid level) by dividing the weight of the molten iron by the specific gravity to obtain the volume, and then dividing it by the bottom area of the molten iron pot. However, according to this method, when the base metal or the like adheres to the inner side of the pot (refractory), the bottom area becomes smaller, or conversely, when the inner side of the pot is worn out, the bottom area becomes larger, so there are The problem of poor precision.
(2)使用從熔鐵鍋上部的開口方向發送或接收微波之感測器來計測液面液位的方法 然而,在實際測定時,為了防止來自熔鐵的輻射熱所導致之故障,必須採行將耐熱板插入並包圍感測器而抑制內部的溫度上升等之耐熱對策,但若在脫硫處理所投入之脫硫劑等的粉塵飛揚而附著堆積於耐熱板,會使微波衰減而變得無法測定液面液位,而有這些問題存在。(2) A method of measuring the liquid level using a sensor that transmits or receives microwaves from the opening direction of the upper part of the melting pot However, in actual measurement, in order to prevent failures caused by radiant heat from molten iron, it is necessary to take heat-resistant measures such as inserting a heat-resistant plate to surround the sensor to suppress the internal temperature rise. The dust of the desulfurizing agent or the like flies up and adheres and accumulates on the heat-resistant plate, and the microwave is attenuated, so that it becomes impossible to measure the liquid level, and these problems exist.
(3)將攪拌葉輪浸漬於熔鐵時之液面的亮度變化利用目視或攝像機進行攝像並判定的方法 然而,在目視的情況,操作者必須始終監視液面,因此基於作業負荷及省力的觀點有問題存在。此外,在利用攝像機進行判定的情況,會有依據浮游於熔鐵表面之熔渣的性狀、生成量及分布的狀態而使偵知精度發生偏差的問題存在。再者,周圍環境導致攝像機發生故障的風險也很大。(3) The method of judging the brightness change of the liquid surface when the stirring impeller is immersed in molten iron by visual inspection or a camera However, in the case of visual inspection, the operator must always monitor the liquid level, so there is a problem from the viewpoint of work load and labor saving. In addition, in the case of using a camera for determination, there is a problem that the detection accuracy varies depending on the properties of the slag floating on the surface of the molten iron, the amount of production, and the state of distribution. Furthermore, there is a high risk of the camera malfunctioning due to the surrounding environment.
有鑑於上述以往的問題點,以下的方法被提出(參照專利文獻2),亦即,偵測在攪拌葉輪之前端部與熔鐵的液面接觸之瞬間產生之飛濺(splash),根據那時設置在攪拌葉輪升降用馬達軸之編碼器的值來計測熔鐵液位。 然而,該方法,所產生的飛濺會讓熔鐵鍋內的耐火物損耗,而使製鋼良率降低,而且進行飛濺偵測之監視攝像機在高溫下容易故障,這些問題都是不可避免的。 本發明是有鑑於上述般的問題而開發完成的,其目的是為了提供一種機械攪拌式脫硫系統,可利用簡易的方法來偵測熔鐵的液面液位,並按照偵測到的液面液位來將吹管自動調整成最佳的位置。 [解決問題之技術手段]In view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, the following method has been proposed (refer to Patent Document 2), that is, to detect the splash generated at the moment when the front end of the stirring impeller comes into contact with the liquid surface of molten iron, The molten iron level is measured by the value of the encoder installed on the motor shaft for the stirring impeller raising and lowering. However, in this method, the splashes generated will cause the loss of refractories in the iron melting pot, thereby reducing the yield of steel production, and the surveillance cameras for splash detection are prone to failure at high temperatures. These problems are unavoidable. The present invention is developed in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a mechanical stirring desulfurization system, which can use a simple method to detect the liquid level of molten iron, and according to the detected liquid level The liquid level will automatically adjust the blowpipe to the best position. [Technical means to solve problems]
本發明係關於具備機械攪拌式脫硫裝置(以下稱為「脫硫裝置」)及頂吹管之機械攪拌式脫硫系統,該脫硫裝置係具備攪拌葉輪及熔鐵鍋,該頂吹管係朝該脫硫裝置的前述熔鐵鍋投射脫硫劑,該系統係進行被投入前述熔鐵鍋之熔鐵的脫硫處理。本發明之上述目的是藉由具有以下特徵之機械攪拌式脫硫系統來達成,該系統進一步具備控制部,該控制部係以使前述頂吹管的前端到達距離前述熔鐵鍋的液面既定高度(H)的位置的方式進行移動控制,該控制部係具備移動距離算出手段及吹管驅動手段,該移動距離算出手段,係根據在前述脫硫處理的前處理、即熔渣除去處理時之熔鐵鍋的傾動角(θ)和前述熔鐵鍋的內徑(D)來算出前述熔鐵鍋的出水高度(freeboard)(ΔH),並根據所算出的該出水高度來算出前述頂吹管的移動距離(h),該吹管驅動手段,係根據所算出的前述移動距離,以使前述頂吹管的前端到達距離前述熔鐵鍋的液面既定高度(H)的位置的方式進行前述頂吹管的驅動。 [發明之效果]The present invention relates to a mechanically agitated desulfurization system equipped with a mechanical stirring type desulfurization device (hereinafter referred to as a "desulfurization device") and a top blowing pipe. The desulfurizing device is provided with a stirring impeller and an iron melting pot. The iron-melting pot of the desulfurization device projects a desulfurizing agent, and this system performs desulfurization treatment of the molten iron thrown into the iron-melting pot. The above object of the present invention is achieved by a mechanical agitation desulfurization system having the following characteristics. The system further includes a control unit for causing the front end of the top blowing pipe to reach a predetermined height from the liquid level of the iron melting pot. The movement control is performed according to the position of the (H), and the control unit includes a movement distance calculation means and a blower drive means, and the movement distance calculation means is based on the pretreatment of the desulfurization treatment, that is, the slag removal treatment. The tilt angle (θ) of the iron pot and the inner diameter (D) of the iron melting pot are used to calculate the freeboard (ΔH) of the iron melting pot, and the movement of the top blowing pipe is calculated according to the calculated water outlet height. The distance (h), the blow pipe driving means, is based on the calculated moving distance to drive the top blow pipe so that the front end of the top blow pipe reaches a position at a predetermined height (H) from the liquid level of the iron melting pot. . [Effect of invention]
依據本發明之機械攪拌式脫硫系統,可利用簡易的方法來偵測熔鐵的液面液位,並按照偵測到的液面液位來將吹管自動調整成最佳的位置。According to the mechanical stirring desulfurization system of the present invention, the liquid level of molten iron can be detected by a simple method, and the blow pipe can be automatically adjusted to the best position according to the detected liquid level.
以下,參照圖式,針對本發明之機械攪拌式脫硫系統(以下簡稱為「脫硫系統」)做詳細地說明。
一般而言,機械攪拌式脫硫處理程序(以下簡稱為「脫硫處理程序」)係依前處理、脫硫處理、後處理的順序將熔鐵進行脫硫處理。
前處理,係為了在脫硫處理前將脫硫效率提高,而將浮在液面上的渣(熔渣)藉由排渣機(slag skimmer)除去的工序。
圖1係顯示前處理的狀態,其工序如下。
(a)利用傾動台車1,讓熔鐵鍋2傾斜到不致使熔鐵溢出之最大角度為止。讓儲存裝置(未圖示)儲存這時的傾動角θ。
(b)將浮在液面上的渣藉由排渣機3刮除並移到熔渣鍋4。在將渣除去之後,讓熔鐵鍋的傾斜回復原狀,轉移到下個工序。Hereinafter, the mechanical stirring desulfurization system of the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as "desulfurization system") will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In general, the mechanical stirring type desulfurization treatment program (hereinafter simply referred to as "desulfurization treatment program") is to desulfurize molten iron in the order of pretreatment, desulfurization treatment, and posttreatment.
The pretreatment is a step of removing the slag (slag) floating on the liquid surface by a slag skimmer in order to improve the desulfurization efficiency before the desulfurization treatment.
FIG. 1 shows the state of the pretreatment, the steps of which are as follows.
(a) Using the
圖2係顯示用於讓熔鐵鍋2傾動的驅動方式。圖2(A)係顯示驅動熔鐵鍋2的傾動之致動器5為電動的情況,係在傾動齒輪的軸上設置旋轉器。圖2(B)係顯示致動器5為油壓驅動的情況,藉由使油壓缸之桿件伸縮而將傾動角改變。分別具備有編碼器(未圖示),而將機械的位移量(角度變化或伸縮量)轉換成電氣信號。編碼器的輸出信號儲存於未圖示的儲存手段,藉由讀取該信號可獲得傾動角。FIG. 2 shows a driving method for tilting the
接下來是脫硫處理工序。圖3係顯示一般的脫硫處理系統。脫硫處理系統係具備熔鐵攪拌部、吹管投射部、以及熔鐵鍋2。熔鐵攪拌部係包含攪拌用葉輪6、架台及升降用馬達9,架台係包含:攪拌用葉輪6的旋轉驅動用馬達7、及設置旋轉驅動用馬達7並讓攪拌用葉輪6上下升降之升降框體8,升降用馬達9係將升降框體用繩索牽引。吹管投射部係包含頂吹管10(以下稱為「吹管」)及吹管驅動手段,吹管10係朝向被攪拌之熔鐵的液面上使用氬氣、氮氣等的搬運用氣體將脫硫劑高速且連續地噴吹添加;吹管驅動手段具有吹管驅動馬達11,吹管驅動馬達11係讓吹管10朝圖的箭頭方向上下移動而調整吹管之吹入口的高度。熔鐵鍋2係載置於傾動台車1上,在其中被投入熔鐵。
又集塵裝置12係將從吹管10噴吹之脫硫劑當中未到達熔鐵鍋2而往空中飛散者予以吸引並收集的裝置。Next is the desulfurization treatment process. Figure 3 shows a general desulfurization treatment system. The desulfurization treatment system includes a molten iron stirring part, a blow pipe projection part, and a
脫硫處理係將脫硫劑投射於熔鐵內並進行攪拌而讓熔鐵內的硫成分與脫硫劑反應的處理。
其工序如下。
(a)驅動升降用馬達9,連同升降框體8讓攪拌葉輪6下降到既定高度而浸漬於熔鐵內,利用旋轉驅動用馬達7將熔鐵攪拌。
(b)按照液面液位讓吹管10下降後,從吹管前端投射脫硫劑,將脫硫劑和熔鐵進行攪拌混合,開始脫硫反應。
(c)當將攪拌停止時,與熔鐵中的硫成分結合後的脫硫劑以渣的形式浮在熔鐵的表面。驅動升降用馬達9而將葉輪6從熔鐵鍋2拉出,轉移到接下來的後處理。
後處理,係在脫硫處理後將浮在液面的表面之渣除去的工序,其操作是與前處理同樣的,讓熔鐵鍋2傾動而將渣利用排渣機3除去的工序。因為其操作基本上是與前處理相同,將詳細的說明予以省略。The desulfurization treatment is a treatment in which a desulfurizing agent is injected into molten iron and stirred to react the sulfur component in the molten iron with the desulfurizing agent.
The procedure is as follows.
(a) Drive the
圖3中,吹管和液面的距離H成為問題,通常H大致400mm以下的情況,會有吹管前端因熔鐵熱、熔鐵飛濺而發生熔損的情形,相反的,當H成為大致800mm以上時,脫硫劑會飛散而被集塵裝置12吸引,有脫硫劑的投入量減少的疑慮。
於是,通常是以成為約500mm≦H≦約700mm的方式將吹管前端的位置進行調整,對吹管的位置調整造成影響的因子,係未浸漬於熔鐵的部位、即出水高度部的高度(ΔH)。
因此,只要能事先掌握該ΔH,就能調整成適切的H。In Fig. 3, the distance H between the blow pipe and the liquid surface is a problem. Usually, when H is approximately 400 mm or less, the tip of the blow pipe may be melted due to molten iron heat and molten iron splashing. Conversely, when H is approximately 800 mm or more At this time, the desulfurizing agent scatters and is sucked by the
圖4係根據在前處理所儲存的傾動角(θ)來求出熔鐵鍋之出水高度部的高度ΔH之方法的說明圖。 圖4(A)係圓筒容器的情況。將傾斜到不致使熔鐵溢出之最大角度為止的情況之傾動角設為θ,將容器的直徑設為D時,容器內的空間之體積V可用下式表示。 投入鍋內之熔鐵量,縱使將傾動回復原狀也不會改變,因此出水高度部之空間的體積也不會改變。因此, 然而,顯然 因此成為。 因此,可根據鍋的直徑D和傾動角θ來決定唯一的ΔH,而與熔鐵量無關。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a method for obtaining the height ΔH of the water outlet height portion of the iron melting pot from the tilt angle (θ) stored in the previous process. Fig. 4(A) is a case of a cylindrical container. The volume V of the space in the container can be expressed by the following formula when the tilting angle when inclined to the maximum angle at which the molten iron does not overflow is set to θ and the diameter of the container is set to D. The amount of molten iron put into the pot will not change even if it is tilted back to its original state, so the volume of the space at the height of the water outlet will not change. therefore, However, obviously thus become . Therefore, the unique ΔH can be determined according to the diameter D of the pan and the tilt angle θ, regardless of the amount of molten iron.
接下來,圖4(B)顯示實際的熔鐵鍋的情況,係等同於在圖4(A)之圓筒容器設置虛線所示的部分之缺口,因此能採用與圖4(A)的情況同樣的想法。
根據在前處理所儲存之傾動角(θ),可使用上述式1來求出熔鐵鍋之出水高度部的高度ΔH。Next, Fig. 4(B) shows the actual situation of the molten iron pot, which is equivalent to providing the notch of the portion shown by the dotted line in the cylindrical container of Fig. 4(A), so the situation of Fig. 4(A) can be adopted. Same idea.
From the tilt angle (θ) stored in the previous process, the height ΔH of the water outlet height portion of the iron melting pot can be obtained by using the above-mentioned
會對熔鐵鍋之內徑D的變化造成影響者,係熔鐵鍋的使用頻率所造成之耐火物的損耗度、或基本金屬的附著所造成之內徑D的窄化。通常是這兩方複合而使D改變。
圖5係顯示在熔鐵鍋之內側的耐火物讓金屬附著物附著而使內徑D變窄的情況(A圖)、內側的耐火物損耗而使內徑D變寬的情況(B圖)。
於是,探討內徑D的變化會使出水高度部的高度ΔH受到什麼程度的影響。在以下的說明,將「出水高度部的高度」簡稱為「出水高度」。
當將D改變了ΔD的情況之出水高度ΔH’使用上述式1進行計算時, The influence on the change of the inner diameter D of the iron melting pot is the loss of the refractory caused by the frequency of use of the iron melting pot, or the narrowing of the inner diameter D caused by the adhesion of the base metal. Usually it is the combination of these two parties that makes D change. Fig. 5 shows the case where the refractory on the inside of the iron melting pot has metal deposits attached to narrow the inner diameter D (Fig. A), and the case where the inner diameter D is widened due to the loss of the refractory inside (Fig. B) . Then, it was examined to what extent the height ΔH of the outlet height portion is affected by the change of the inner diameter D. In the following description, "the height of the water outlet height" is simply referred to as the "water outlet height". When D is changed by ΔD, the water outlet height ΔH' is calculated using the
假定將ΔD設為最大200mm(就耐火物的厚度而言為100mm的損耗,就直徑而言成為200mm的損耗),ΔH的增加量(δ)成為。 對於θ為30°、40°、45°的情況(通常傾動角約30°,最大45°的程度)分別計算δ,而成為以下般。 亦即,縱使熔鐵鍋的內徑改變了200mm,就出水高度而言,甚至在傾動角最大45°的情況也僅有100mm的誤差,相較於較佳出水高度之範圍(500mm~700mm)的幅度,影響很小。Assuming that ΔD is set to a maximum of 200 mm (loss of 100 mm for the thickness of the refractory, and loss of 200 mm for the diameter), the increase in ΔH (δ) becomes . For the cases where θ is 30°, 40°, and 45° (normally, the tilt angle is about 30°, about 45° at the maximum), δ is calculated respectively, and the result is as follows. That is, even if the inner diameter of the iron melting pot is changed by 200mm, in terms of the water outlet height, even when the tilt angle is up to 45°, there is only a 100mm error, which is compared to the range of the best water outlet height (500mm~700mm) magnitude, the impact is small.
圖6係顯示傾動角(θ)和出水高度之關係圖。其是以視覺方式呈現出,只要傾動角相同,熔鐵鍋的損耗所造成的影響就很小。 例如,在圖中箭頭所示處(θ=約36°左右),係表示熔鐵鍋的損耗狀態為6種類的情況,可知其等之出水高度之差的範圍在100mm以內。因此,縱使將使用標準熔鐵鍋(例如新鍋)的內徑D所算出之出水高度運用於所有的情況,影響也很小。Figure 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the tilt angle (θ) and the water outlet height. It is presented in a visual way, as long as the tilt angle is the same, the effect of the loss of the melting pot is very small. For example, the position indicated by the arrow in the figure (θ=about 36°) shows that there are six types of loss states of the iron melting pot. Therefore, even if the water outlet height calculated using the inner diameter D of a standard molten iron pot (eg, a new pot) is used in all cases, the effect is small.
接下來,針對本發明之脫硫系統的構成及其動作做說明。
圖7係顯示本發明之脫硫系統的構成之示意圖。因為基本構成是與圖3所示者相同,僅說明不同的部分。
本發明之脫硫系統,係在圖2所示之以往的脫硫系統附加了:吹管通過偵知感測器13(光電感測器)、以及藉由吹管驅動馬達11來控制吹管的移動距離之控制部14。
傾動角θ,係在前處理的階段先計測好,輸入控制部14而被保存。此外,鍋的損耗狀態,可在前處理開始前先將內徑D實測完成,而將該實測值輸入,或當可按照鍋的使用次數而事先憑經驗知道損耗程度的情況,係輸入該使用次數而轉換成損耗度(mm)。Next, the configuration and operation of the desulfurization system of the present invention will be described.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the desulfurization system of the present invention. Since the basic configuration is the same as that shown in FIG. 3, only the different parts will be described.
The desulfurization system of the present invention is added to the conventional desulfurization system shown in FIG. 2 : the blowing pipe passes the detection sensor 13 (photoelectric sensor) and the blowing
控制部14所進行的自動控制,是讓吹管之前端的位置移動到距離液面既定的高度(H)為止,在那裡讓其停止。為了那樣做,必須讓吹管移動到該位置為止,下降距離L(指從通過吹管通過偵知感測器13起算之垂直距離)可由下式求出。亦即,如果將從鍋之上端部到吹管通過偵知感測器13為止的高度設為L0
,並將鍋之出水高度設為ΔH,則成為
因此
因為L0
的值可事先知道,又約500mm≦H≦約700mm,例如設定成H=600mm,L成為ΔH的一次函數。
因此,藉由根據傾動角θ而利用上述式1算出出水高度ΔH,能讓吹管自動移動到最佳位置。The automatic control performed by the
又當吹管之與鉛直方向的夾角為α的情況,吹管前端之下降距離L和實際的吹管之行進方向的移動距離h之關係可用
表示。亦即成為。
藉由讓吹管在行進方向移動該h的距離,結果能讓其移動所期望的下降距離L。
吹管之行進方向的移動距離h之偵測,可將光電感測器及未圖示的吹管升降旋轉器(編碼器)結合。
利用升降旋轉器(編碼器)來測定吹管遮住光電感測器13的位置,並將從那裡起算的移動距離用編碼器計測。
又也能取代編碼器而採用以下方法,亦即,在吹管旁邊設置刻度基準,利用攝像機讀取刻度來計測長度。When the angle between the blowpipe and the vertical direction is α, the relationship between the descending distance L of the front end of the blowpipe and the actual moving distance h of the blowpipe in the travel direction can be used. Express. that is to become . By moving the blowpipe by the distance h in the direction of travel, it is possible to move it by the desired descending distance L as a result. The detection of the moving distance h in the traveling direction of the blowpipe can be combined with a photoelectric sensor and a blowpipe lifting and lowering rotator (encoder) not shown. The position where the blowpipe shields the
為了將鍋的損耗狀態所造成之出水高度ΔH的影響減少,作為方法之一,可將事先依不同損耗狀態所算出之出水高度值和傾動角的關係事先表格化,按照需要而將表格切換使用。 圖8係依鍋的不同損耗狀態而將傾動角(θ)和出水高度的關係表格化而成者。此為一例。雖角度設定成每隔一度會變得更正確,但限於紙面的篇幅而用每隔5°來表示。可知只要角度相同,損耗狀態所造成之出水高度ΔH的變化很小。 例如當傾動角為30°的情況,甚至是產生了100mm損耗,出水高度也僅改變58mm。又在45°的情況也是,甚至是產生了100mm損耗,出水高度也僅改變100mm,相較於較佳出水高度的範圍(500mm~700mm)之幅度,影響很小。In order to reduce the influence of the water outlet height ΔH caused by the loss state of the pot, as one method, the relationship between the water outlet height value and the tilt angle calculated in advance according to different loss states can be tabulated in advance, and the table can be switched to use as needed. . FIG. 8 is a table obtained by tabulating the relationship between the tilt angle (θ) and the water outlet height according to the different loss states of the pot. This is an example. Although it is more accurate to set the angle every 1 degree, it is represented by every 5° due to the space on the page. It can be seen that as long as the angle is the same, the change of the water outlet height ΔH caused by the loss state is very small. For example, when the tilt angle is 30°, even with a loss of 100mm, the water outlet height only changes by 58mm. Also in the case of 45°, even if 100mm of loss occurs, the water outlet height only changes by 100mm, which has little impact compared to the range of the optimal water outlet height (500mm~700mm).
圖9係顯示控制部14所進行的控制流程之流程圖的一例。
作為前提,將當天使用的熔鐵鍋之損耗狀態(損耗度)和在前處理所計測之傾動角(θ)事先輸入並儲存。
當讓控制部14的程式開始時,首先,控制部14的CPU(未圖示)根據既定的程式來讀取熔鐵鍋的損耗度(或使用次數)(S1)。接下來讀取傾動角θ(S2)。參照與熔鐵鍋的損耗度對應之出水高度的表格(例如圖8所示的表格),讀取對應於傾動角θ之出水高度ΔH(S3)。FIG. 9 is an example of a flowchart showing the flow of control performed by the
根據所讀取的出水高度ΔH來算出吹管之下降距離L(S4)。關於吹管之下降距離L的算出,是使用上述的式3。接下來,使用上述式4來算出吹管的移動距離h。
驅動吹管驅動馬達11而開始進行吹管的驅動(S5)。在吹管通過吹管偵知感測器13之後(步驟S6的是),開始進行吹管之移動距離的計測(S7)。利用升降旋轉器(編碼器),計測從吹管遮住光電感測器13的時點起算之移動距離。
當吹管的移動距離到達利用上述式4所求出之移動距離h之後(步驟S8的是),將吹管的驅動(移動)停止(S9)。
在讓吹管停止的位置,開始進行來自吹管之脫硫劑的投射(S10)。According to the read water outlet height ΔH, the descending distance L of the blowing pipe is calculated (S4). For calculation of the descending distance L of the blowpipe, the above-mentioned
依據本發明,在所有的處理都能使從脫硫劑投射吹管到液面的距離保持一定,不管對怎樣的條件都能均一地確保最佳距離。如此,脫硫劑不致被集塵裝置吸引,脫硫劑可效率良好地進入攪拌熔鐵內部,而能進行穩定的脫硫處理。基於此效果,可使脫硫處理的成功率變得非常高。 再者,起因於靠近熔鐵面所造成之吹管前端部的熔損量變小,可將吹管的使用壽命顯著延長。According to the present invention, the distance from the desulfurizing agent projection blow pipe to the liquid surface can be kept constant in all treatments, and the optimum distance can be uniformly secured regardless of the conditions. In this way, the desulfurizing agent is not attracted by the dust collecting device, and the desulfurizing agent can efficiently enter into the stirring molten iron, so that stable desulfurization treatment can be performed. Based on this effect, the success rate of desulfurization treatment can be made very high. Furthermore, the melting loss at the front end of the blowing pipe due to the proximity to the molten iron surface is reduced, which can significantly prolong the service life of the blowing pipe.
1:傾動台車 2:熔鐵鍋 3:排渣機 4:熔渣鍋 5:致動器 6:攪拌葉輪 7:旋轉驅動用馬達 8:升降框體 9:升降用馬達 10:頂吹管 11:吹管驅動馬達 12:集塵裝置 13:吹管通過偵知感測器 14:控制部1: Tilt trolley 2: melting pot 3: Slag discharger 4: Slag pot 5: Actuator 6: Stirring impeller 7: Motor for rotary drive 8: Lifting frame 9: Lifting motor 10: Top blow pipe 11: Blowpipe drive motor 12: Dust collection device 13: The blowpipe passes the detection sensor 14: Control Department
[圖1]係顯示脫硫處理之前處理的狀態。 [圖2](A)、(B)係顯示用於讓熔鐵鍋傾動的驅動方式。 [圖3]係顯示一般的脫硫處理系統。 [圖4](A)、(B)係根據在前處理所儲存之傾動角(θ)來求出熔鐵鍋之出水高度部的高度ΔH的方法之說明圖。 [圖5](A)係顯示在熔鐵鍋之內側的耐火物讓金屬附著而使內徑D變窄的情況,圖5(B)係顯示內側的耐火物損耗而使內徑D變寬的情況。 [圖6]係顯示傾動角(θ)和出水高度部之高度(ΔH)的關係圖。 [圖7]係顯示本發明之機械攪拌式脫硫系統的構成之示意圖。 [圖8]係依鍋的不同損耗狀態而將傾動角(θ)和出水高度部之高度(ΔH)的關係表格化而成者。 [圖9]係顯示控制部所進行的控制流程之流程圖的一例。[ Fig. 1 ] shows the state of the treatment before the desulfurization treatment. [FIG. 2] (A) and (B) show the driving method for tilting the melting pot. [Fig. 3] shows a general desulfurization treatment system. [Fig. 4] (A) and (B) are explanatory diagrams of a method for obtaining the height ΔH of the water outlet height portion of the molten iron pot from the tilt angle (θ) stored in the previous process. [FIG. 5] (A) shows the case where the refractory inside the melting pot is made of metal adhered to narrow the inner diameter D, and FIG. 5(B) shows that the inner refractory is lost and the inner diameter D widens Case. [ Fig. 6 ] is a graph showing the relationship between the tilt angle (θ) and the height (ΔH) of the water outlet height. [ Fig. 7 ] is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the mechanically agitated desulfurization system of the present invention. [Fig. 8] The relationship between the tilt angle (θ) and the height (ΔH) of the water outlet height portion is tabulated according to the different loss states of the pot. FIG. 9 is an example of a flowchart showing the flow of control performed by the control unit.
1:傾動台車1: Tilt trolley
2:熔鐵鍋2: melting pot
6:攪拌葉輪6: Stirring impeller
7:旋轉驅動用馬達7: Motor for rotary drive
8:升降框體8: Lifting frame
9:升降用馬達9: Lifting motor
10:頂吹管10: Top blow pipe
11:吹管驅動馬達11: Blowpipe drive motor
12:集塵裝置12: Dust collection device
13:吹管通過偵知感測器13: The blowpipe passes the detection sensor
14:控制部14: Control Department
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