TW202124676A - Liquid crystal composition, liquid crystal element, sensor, liquid crystal lens, optical communication device, and antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are: a nematic liquid crystal composition which in a liquid crystal material that enables greater phase control for microwave or millimeterwave electromagnetic waves, has a wide nematic liquid crystal temperature range, is stable at room temperature, and has a high refractive index anisotropy [Delta]n; and a liquid crystal element, a sensor, a liquid crystal lens, an optical communication device, or an antenna using the same. Specifically, the liquid crystal composition is characterized by containing one type or two types of compounds represented by general formula (i), and one type or two types of compounds represented by general formula (ii).

Description

Liquid crystal composition, liquid crystal element, sensor, liquid crystal lens, optical communication equipment and antenna

The invention relates to a liquid crystal composition, a liquid crystal element, a sensor, a liquid crystal lens, an optical communication device and an antenna.

As a novel application of liquid crystal, which is frequently used in display applications, an antenna using liquid crystal for transmitting and receiving radio waves between a mobile body such as a car and a communication satellite is attracting attention. Previously, parabola antennas were used in satellite communications. However, when used in moving objects such as automobiles, the parabola antenna must always be directed toward the satellite, requiring a large movable part. However, in an antenna using liquid crystal, the direction of transmission and reception of radio waves can be changed by the operation of the liquid crystal. Therefore, it is not necessary to move the antenna itself, and the shape of the antenna can be flat. Generally, in the automatic driving of automobiles, etc., a large amount of data download of high-precision three-dimensional (3D) map information is required. However, if it is an antenna using liquid crystal, by incorporating the antenna into a car, even if there is no mechanical movable part, a large amount of data can be downloaded from a communication satellite. The frequency band used in satellite communications is about 13 GHz, which is quite different from the frequencies used in the previous liquid crystal display applications. Therefore, the required physical properties of liquid crystals are also very different. The required Δn of liquid crystals for antennas is about 0.4, and the operating temperature range is -40°C to 120°C or more. In addition, infrared laser image recognition and distance measurement devices using liquid crystals are also attracting attention as sensors for autonomous driving of moving objects such as automobiles. The Δn required for the liquid crystal for this application is 0.2 to 0.3, and the operating temperature range is -40°C to 120°C or higher. In contrast, as a technique of liquid crystal for antennas, for example, Patent Document 1 can be cited. In addition, in Non-Patent Document 1, the use of a liquid crystal material as a component of a high-frequency device (device) is proposed. [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2016-37607 [Non-Patent Literature]

[Non-Patent Document 1] D. Dolfi, "Electronics Letters", (UK), 1993, Vol. 29, No. 10, p.926-927

[The problem to be solved by the invention] However, when the usable temperature range of the liquid crystal composition described in Patent Document 1 was confirmed, it was confirmed that the storage stability at room temperature was particularly low. From this situation, a new problem has been confirmed that the liquid crystal composition described in Patent Document 1 cannot be used as an antenna for a high-frequency device or the like. In addition, in the field of high-frequency devices, a liquid crystal material with high refractive index anisotropy Δn, a wider temperature range of nematic liquid crystal, and stability at room temperature is also required.

Therefore, the subject of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art and provide a nematic liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal element, sensor, liquid crystal lens, optical communication device or antenna using the composition, wherein the orientation Among the liquid crystal materials that can perform greater phase control for microwaves or millimeter wave electromagnetic waves, the column liquid crystal composition has a wide temperature range of nematic liquid crystals, is stable at room temperature, and has high refractive index anisotropy Δn. [Means to solve the problem]

The inventors of the present invention conducted diligent studies and found that by containing one or more compounds represented by general formula (i) and one or more compounds represented by general formula (ii) as described later The liquid crystal composition can solve the above-mentioned problems, thus completing the invention of this application. The main structure of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems is as follows.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention is characterized by containing one or two or more compounds represented by the following general formula (i) and one or two or more compounds represented by the following general formula (ii).

（所述通式（i）中， Rⁱ¹ 表示碳原子數1～12的烷基，該烷基中的1個或非鄰接的2個以上的-CH₂ -可分別獨立地由-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-COO-或-OCO-取代，另外，Rⁱ¹ 中所存在的1個或2個以上的氫原子可分別獨立地經取代為氟原子， Yⁱ¹ 表示氫原子、氟原子、氯原子、氰基或碳原子數1～12的烷基，該烷基中的1個或非鄰接的2個以上的-CH₂ -可分別獨立地由-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-COO-或-OCO-取代，另外，Yⁱ¹ 中所存在的1個或2個以上的氫原子可分別獨立地經取代為氟原子， Xⁱ¹ ～Xⁱ⁵ 分別獨立地表示氫原子或氟原子，Xⁱ¹ 與Xⁱ² 不會一同表示氟原子，Xⁱ³ 與Xⁱ⁴ 不會一同表示氟原子， Aⁱ¹ 表示選自由以下的基（a）～基（c）所組成的群組中的基， （a）1,4-伸環己基（該基中所存在的1個-CH₂ -或並不鄰接的2個以上的-CH₂ -可經取代為-O-）、 （b）1,4-伸苯基（該基中所存在的1個-CH=或並不鄰接的2個以上的-CH=可經取代為-N=）以及 （c）萘-2,6-二基、1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2,6-二基或十氫萘-2,6-二基（萘-2,6-二基或1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2,6-二基中所存在的1個-CH=或並不鄰接的2個以上的-CH=可經取代為-N=） 所述基（a）、基（b）及基（c）中的氫原子可分別獨立地經鹵素原子或氰基取代， Zⁱ¹ 及Zⁱ² 分別獨立地表示-OCH₂ -、-CH₂ O-、-C₂ H₄ -、-C₄ H₈ -、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-CF₂ O-、-OCF₂ -、-CF₂ CF₂ -、-C≡C-或單鍵，至少一個Zⁱ¹ 或Zⁱ² 表示-C≡C-， Xⁱ¹ ～Xⁱ⁵ 的至少一個為氟原子，或者Aⁱ¹ 中的至少一個氫原子經鹵素原子或氰基取代， mⁱ¹ 表示1或2， 於Aⁱ¹ 存在多個的情況下，該些可相同亦可不同，於Zⁱ¹ 存在多個的情況下，該些可相同亦可不同）[化1]

(In the general formula (i), R ⁱ¹ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -in the alkyl group may be independently determined by -CH= CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO- substitution, in addition, one or more hydrogen atoms present in ^{R i1 can be independently substituted with} A fluorine atom, Y ⁱ¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -in the alkyl group may be independently The ground is replaced by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-. In addition, one or more hydrogen atoms present in ^{Y i1 can be respectively} Independently substituted with a fluorine atom, X ⁱ¹ to X ⁱ⁵ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, X ⁱ¹ and X ⁱ² do not represent a fluorine atom together, X ⁱ³ and X ⁱ⁴ do not represent a fluorine atom together, A ⁱ¹ represents A group selected from the group consisting of the following groups (a) to (c), (a) 1,4-cyclohexylene (1 -CH ₂ -existing in the group or non-adjacent Two or more -CH ₂ -can be substituted into -O-), (b) 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH in the group = Can be substituted with -N=) and (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl Group (naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= May be substituted with -N=) The hydrogen atoms in the groups (a), (b) and (c) may be independently substituted with halogen atoms or cyano groups, and Z ⁱ¹ and Z ⁱ² each independently represent- OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -, -C≡C- or a single bond, at least one of Z ⁱ¹ or Z ⁱ² represents -C≡C-, ^{at least one of X i1} to X ⁱ⁵ is a fluorine atom, or A ^{i1 At least one hydrogen atom in A i1} is substituted by a halogen atom or a cyano group, m ⁱ¹ represents 1 or 2. When there are multiple A i1, these may be the same or different. When there are multiple ^{Z i1, the} These can be the same or different)

（所述通式（ii）中， Rⁱⁱ¹ 及Rⁱⁱ² 分別獨立地表示氟原子、氯原子、氰基或碳原子數1～12的烷基，該烷基中的1個或非鄰接的2個以上的-CH₂ -可分別獨立地由-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-O-、-CO-、-COO-或-OCO-取代，另外，Rⁱⁱ¹ 及Rⁱⁱ² 中所存在的1個或2個以上的氫原子可分別獨立地經取代為氟原子，Rⁱⁱ¹ 及Rⁱⁱ² 不會一同表示選自氟原子、氯原子及氰基中的取代基， Zⁱⁱ¹ 、Zⁱⁱ² 及Zⁱⁱ³ 分別獨立地表示單鍵、-OCH₂ -、-CH₂ O-、-C₂ H₄ -、-C₄ H₈ -、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-CF₂ O-、-OCF₂ -、-CF₂ CF₂ -或-C≡C-， Aⁱⁱ¹ 、Aⁱⁱ² 、Aⁱⁱ³ 、Aⁱⁱ⁴ 及Aⁱⁱ⁵ 分別獨立地表示選自由以下的基（a）～基（c）所組成的群組中的基， （a）1,4-伸環己基（該基中所存在的1個-CH₂ -或並不鄰接的2個以上的-CH₂ -可經取代為-O-）、 （b）1,4-伸苯基（該基中所存在的1個-CH=或並不鄰接的2個以上的-CH=可經取代為-N=）以及 （c）萘-2,6-二基、1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2,6-二基或十氫萘-2,6-二基（萘-2,6-二基或1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2,6-二基中所存在的1個-CH=或並不鄰接的2個以上的-CH=可經取代為-N=） 所述基（a）、基（b）及基（c）中的氫原子可分別獨立地經鹵素原子或氰基取代， Xⁱⁱ¹ 及Xⁱⁱ² 分別獨立地表示氫原子或氟原子， mⁱⁱ¹ 、mⁱⁱ² 及mⁱⁱ³ 分別獨立地表示0或1，mⁱⁱ¹ +mⁱⁱ² +mⁱⁱ³ 表示0或1， 於Aⁱⁱ¹ 、Aⁱⁱ³ 及/或Aⁱⁱ⁵ 分別存在多個的情況下，該些可相同亦可不同，於Zⁱⁱ¹ 、Zⁱⁱ² 及/或Zⁱⁱ³ 分別存在多個的情況下，該些可相同亦可不同）[化2]

(In the general formula (ii), R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² each independently represent a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one of the alkyl groups or the non-adjacent two More than one -CH ₂ -can be independently replaced by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-, in addition, R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² One or two or more hydrogen atoms may be independently substituted with fluorine atoms. R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² do not together represent a substituent selected from fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms and cyano groups, Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² And Z ⁱⁱ³ each independently represent a single bond, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH-,- CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -or -C≡C-, A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ⁴ and A ⁱⁱ⁵ are independently selected from the following (A) 1,4-cyclohexylene (1 -CH ₂ -in the group or 2 or more that are not adjacent to each other) The -CH ₂ -can be substituted to -O-), (b) 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= in the group or two or more non-adjacent -CH= can be Substituted with -N=) and (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl (naphthalene -2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl contains 1 -CH= or 2 or more non-adjacent -CH= can be substituted Is -N=) The hydrogen atoms in the group (a), group (b) and group (c) may be independently substituted with a halogen atom or a cyano group, and X ⁱⁱ¹ and X ⁱⁱ² each independently represent a hydrogen atom or fluorine Atoms, m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ each independently represent 0 or 1, and m ⁱⁱ¹ + m ⁱⁱ² + m ⁱⁱ³ represent 0 or 1. In the case where there are multiple ^{A ii1} , A ⁱⁱ³ and/or A ^{ii5 respectively,} These may be the same or different. In ^{the case where there are multiple Z ii1} , Z ⁱⁱ² and/or Z ⁱⁱ³ , these may be the same or different)

In addition, the liquid crystal element, sensor, liquid crystal lens, and optical communication device of the present invention are characterized by using the liquid crystal composition.

In addition, the antenna of the present invention is characterized by including: a first substrate having a plurality of slots; A second substrate facing the first substrate and provided with a power supply part; The first dielectric layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; A plurality of patch electrodes are arranged corresponding to the plurality of slits; The third substrate is provided with the patch electrode; and The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the third substrate, The liquid crystal layer contains one or two or more compounds represented by the general formula (i) and one or two or more compounds represented by the general formula (ii). [Effects of the invention]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a nematic liquid crystal composition with high refractive index anisotropy (Δn), a wide temperature range of nematic liquid crystals, and stable at room temperature, and a liquid crystal element and sensor using the composition can be provided. Device, liquid crystal lens, optical communication equipment, especially antenna.

Hereinafter, the liquid crystal composition, the liquid crystal element, the sensor, the liquid crystal lens, the optical communication device, and the antenna of the present invention will be exemplified in detail based on the embodiment.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains a compound represented by general formula (i) and a compound represented by general formula (ii). Hereinafter, the compounds represented by general formula (i) and general formula (ii) will be described in order. The compound represented by the general formula (i) has relatively high Δn and good compatibility. Thereby, a stable liquid crystal composition at room temperature can be provided.

The liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (i) in the present invention is as follows.

[化3]

In the general formula (i), R ⁱ¹ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -groups in the alkyl group may be independently represented by -CH=CH -, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO- substitution, in addition, one or more hydrogen atoms present in ^{R i1 can be independently substituted with fluorine} atom.

R ⁱ¹ is a linear group or a branched group, preferably a linear group. In addition, R ⁱ¹ preferably represents an alkyl group having 2 to 11 carbon atoms, more preferably represents an alkyl group having 3 to 9 carbon atoms, and still more preferably represents an alkyl group having 4 to 7 carbon atoms. The alkyl group in this specification is not particularly limited, for example, it includes methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, isodecyl, dodecyl And 2-ethylhexyl, etc., preferably a linear alkyl group.

^{The methylene group present in R i1} of the general formula (i) can also be passed through -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO in a way that oxygen atoms are not directly adjacent to each other. -Or-OCO-replaced. Specifically, R ^{i1 is} preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. The group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, more preferably It is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms.

In the case where the reliability of the entire liquid crystal composition is important, R ^{i1 is} preferably an alkyl group, and when the reduction in the viscosity of the entire liquid crystal composition is important, R ^{i1 is} preferably an alkenyl group.

The alkenyl group in this specification is preferably selected from the group represented by any one of formula (R1) to formula (R5). (The black dots in each formula represent the carbon atoms in the ring structure)

[化4]

The alkenyloxy group in the present specification is preferably selected from the group represented by any one of formula (R6) to formula (R10). (The black dots in each formula represent the carbon atoms in the ring structure)

[化5]

The alkoxy group in this specification is not particularly limited, and includes a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a pentoxy group, and a hexyloxy group, and a linear alkoxy group is preferable.

When the ring structure to which R ⁱ¹ is bonded is a phenyl group (aromatic), it is preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Group and alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, when the ring structure to which it is bonded is a saturated ring structure such as cyclohexane, pyran, or dioxane, the number of carbon atoms is preferably linear A 1-5 alkyl group, a linear C1-C4 alkoxy group, and a linear C2-C5 alkenyl group. In order to stabilize the nematic phase, the total of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms when present is preferably 5 or less, preferably linear.

In the general formula (i), A ⁱ¹ represents a divalent cyclic group in which a hydrogen atom can be substituted with a halogen atom or a cyano group. As this cyclic group, it is any one of group (a)-group (c), More preferably, it is formula (a) or formula (b). (A) 1,4-cyclohexylene (one -CH ₂ -or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -in the group can be substituted with -O-), (b) 1, 4-Phenylene (1 -CH= or 2 or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group can be substituted to -N=) and (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl (naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene One -CH= in the -2,6-diyl group or two or more non-adjacent -CH= may be substituted into -N=) As ^{a specific example of A i1} , the following formula (a1 ) ~ A divalent cyclic group represented by formula (a25).

[化6]

[化7]

（所述式中，*表示與碳原子或其他原子進行鍵結的鍵結鍵）[化8]

(In the above formula, * represents a bonding bond to a carbon atom or other atoms)

Among the divalent cyclic groups, (a1) to (a3), (a5) to (a6), (a9) to (a10), (a12) to (a25) are preferred, and (a1) is more preferred ~ (A3), (a5) ~ (a6), (a12) ~ (a25), more preferably (a1) ~ (a3), (a12) ~ (a25). In addition, when ^{there are multiple A i1} , these may be the same or different.

In the general formula (i), Z ⁱ¹ and Z ⁱ² each independently represent -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -, -COO-, -OCO- , -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -, -C≡C- or single bond, at least one Z ⁱ¹ or Z ⁱ² represents -C ≡C-. If ^Zi1 and ^Zi2 are the above conditions, the linking group between the ring structures constituting the mesogen can easily ensure the linearity of the molecules. In addition, in the general formula (i), ^{at least one of Z i2} and m ⁱ¹ Z ⁱ¹ represents -C≡C-, therefore, the compound represented by the general formula (i) has at least one -C in its structure ≡C-. Z ⁱ¹ and Z ^{i2 are} preferably each independently a single bond, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-. Regarding Z ⁱ¹ and Z ⁱ² , when the stability of the liquid crystal composition is important, each independently is preferably a single bond, and when Δn is important, each independently is preferably -C≡C-. When ^{there are a plurality of Z i1} , these may be the same or different.

In the general formula (i), Y ⁱ¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or more non-adjacent two or more of the alkyl groups are- CH ₂ -can be independently replaced by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-, in addition, one or two existing in ^{Y i1} The above hydrogen atoms may be independently substituted with fluorine atoms. When the compound represented by the general formula (i) is a so-called p-type compound having a large positive dielectric anisotropy, Y ^{i1 is} preferably a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group, or a trifluoromethyl group. The fluoromethoxy group is more preferably a fluorine atom or a cyano group. When the compound represented by the general formula (i) is a compound having a small positive dielectric anisotropy, Y ^i1, like R ⁱ¹ , preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (the alkyl group One or more than two non-adjacent -CH ₂ -can be independently replaced by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-) . In addition, Y ⁱ¹ and R ⁱ¹ may be the same or different. Furthermore, when Y ⁱ¹ is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -in the alkyl group can be independently determined by -CH=CH-, -C≡C -, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO- substitution), the preferred ^{aspect of Y i1 is} the same as the preferred aspect of R ^i1.

X ⁱ¹ to X ⁱ⁵ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, X ⁱ¹ and X ⁱ² do not represent a fluorine atom together, and X ⁱ³ and X ⁱ⁴ do not represent a fluorine atom together. Thereby, the dielectric anisotropy (Δε) of the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (i) is easily shown to be 0 or more.

m ⁱ¹ represents 1 or 2, preferably 1. If m ⁱ¹ is 1 or 2, the compound represented by the general formula (i) corresponds to a 3-ring to 4-ring liquid crystal compound, and shows high compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds.

In the compound represented by the general formula (i) of the present invention, at least one or two of ^{X i1} to X ⁱ⁵ is a fluorine atom, or at least one or two of the hydrogen atoms in ^{A i1 are connected to a halogen atom or a cyanogen atom.} Substitution. That is, in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (i) in the present invention, the bivalent cyclic group A ⁱ¹ and the two benzene rings have one or more fluorine atoms, halogen atoms or cyano groups. Represents the electron withdrawing base. Thereby, the compound represented by the general formula (i) tends to show positive dielectric anisotropy, and if a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom is introduced into the side position of the ring structure, the compatibility is improved, which is preferable. As the ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (i) in the present invention, m ⁱ¹ A ⁱ¹ and two benzene rings preferably have 1 to 5 fluorine atoms in total, and more preferably have One to four. As the ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (i) in the present invention, m ⁱ¹ A ⁱ¹ preferably have a total of 1 to 3 halogen atoms (except fluorine atoms), and more preferably have One to two. As the ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (i) in the present invention, m ⁱ¹ A ⁱ¹ and two benzene rings preferably have a total of 1 to 5 halogen atoms (including fluorine atoms) ), more preferably one to four. As the ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (i) in the present invention, m ⁱ¹ A ⁱ¹ preferably have 1 to 3 cyano groups in total, and more preferably have 1 to 2 cyano groups.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the dielectric anisotropy (Δε) of the compound represented by the general formula (i) is preferably 0-50, more preferably 3-50, and still more preferably 4-50. If the dielectric anisotropy is in the range of 4 to 50, the Δε of the composition using the compound shows a large value, and therefore, it is preferable that the driving voltage can be lowered.

The refractive index anisotropy (Δn) of the compound represented by the general formula (i) is preferably 0.10 to 0.55, more preferably 0.15 to 0.50, and still more preferably 0.20 to 0.45. If the refractive index anisotropy is in the range of 0.20 to 0.45, the Δn of the composition using the compound shows a relatively high value, so it is suitable as a liquid crystal for high frequency applications.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the compound represented by the general formula (i) may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they are suitably used in combination according to desired properties such as dielectric anisotropy, solubility at room temperature, transition temperature, and birefringence. Regarding the kind of liquid crystal compound used, for example, there is one kind as an embodiment of the present invention. Or, in another embodiment of the present invention, there are 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more types. In addition, the compound represented by the general formula (i) is preferably a compound exhibiting liquid crystallinity, that is, a liquid crystal compound, and more preferably a nematic liquid crystal compound.

The lower limit (mass %) of the preferable content of the compound represented by the general formula (i) relative to the total amount of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%. In addition, if the content is large, problems such as precipitation will occur, so the upper limit value of the preferred content is 70%, 65%, 55%, 45%, 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20 %, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 5%. In addition, if the content is large, problems such as precipitation will occur, so the upper limit (mass%) of the preferred content is 70%, 65%, 55%, 45%, 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 5%.

One of the preferred forms of the compound represented by the general formula (i) of the present invention is the following compound: In the general formula (i), R ⁱ¹ is a linear alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, Alkenyl, alkoxy, or alkenyloxy, A ⁱ¹ is the above formula (a1) to formula (a3), formula (a19) or formula (a24), Z ⁱ¹ and Z ⁱ² are each independently a single bond, -COO- or -C≡C-, and either Z ⁱ¹ or Z ⁱ² is -C≡C-, m ⁱ¹ represents 1. In addition, the preferable content of the compound represented by the general formula (i) is preferably 10% by mass to 70% by mass, and more preferably 15% by mass to 67% by mass relative to the entire liquid crystal composition (100% by mass) , Particularly preferably 20% by mass to 65% by mass.

The compound represented by the general formula (i) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (i-1).

[化9]

The compound represented by the general formula (i-1) has a relatively high Δn and good compatibility. Thereby, a stable liquid crystal composition at room temperature can be obtained.

In the formula ^{(i1), R i1, Y} i1 , and A ⁱ¹ to in the general formula (i) R ^i1, Y ^i1, and the same A ^i1, description thereof is omitted here.

In the general formula (i-1), preferably: X ⁱ¹ to X ⁱ⁷ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, X ⁱ¹ and X ⁱ² do not represent a fluorine atom together, and X ⁱ³ and X ⁱ⁴ do not together It represents a fluorine atom, and X ⁱ⁶ and X ⁱ⁷ do not represent a fluorine atom together. Thereby, the dielectric anisotropy (Δε) of the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is easily shown to be 0 or more.

In the general formula (i-1), Z ⁱ³ preferably represents -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -, -C≡C- or single bond, more preferably -C≡C- or single bond .

In the general formula (i-1), Z ⁱ⁴ preferably represents a single bond or -C≡C-.

Also, preferably Z ⁱ⁴ and m ⁱ² is at least one Z ⁱ³ represents -C≡C-. Therefore, like the general formula (i), the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) preferably has at least one -C≡C- in its structure. Regarding Z ⁱ³ and Z ⁱ⁴ , when the stability of the liquid crystal composition is important, they are each independently a single bond, and when Δn is important, they are each independently -C≡C-.

In the general formula (i-1), m ⁱ² preferably represents 0 or 1.

In the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) of the present invention, ^{at least one of X i1} to X ⁱ⁷ is a fluorine atom, or ^{at least one hydrogen atom in A i1} is substituted with a halogen atom or a cyano group. That is, in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) in the present invention, the bivalent cyclic group A ⁱ¹ and three benzene rings in total have one or more fluorine atoms, halogen atoms, or Electron withdrawing group represented by cyano group. Thereby, the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is more likely to show positive dielectric anisotropy, and if a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom is introduced into the side position of the ring structure, the compatibility is improved, which is preferable. By using the compound represented by the general formula (i-1), it is easy to ensure the storage stability at room temperature. As the ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) in the present invention, m ⁱ² A ⁱ¹ and three benzene rings preferably have 1 to 5 fluorine atoms in total, more preferably There are one to four. As the ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) in the present invention, m ⁱ² A ⁱ¹ preferably have a total of 1 to 3 halogen atoms (except fluorine atoms), more preferably There are one to two. As the ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) in the present invention, m ⁱ² A ⁱ¹ and three benzene rings preferably have a total of 1 to 5 halogen atoms (including fluorine atoms). Within), it is more preferable to have one to four. As the ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) in the present invention, m ⁱ² A ⁱ¹ preferably have 1 to 3 cyano groups in total, and more preferably have 1 to 2 Piece.

In this invention, as a preferable aspect of general formula (i), the compound represented by the following general formula (i-1-a)-general formula (i-1-d) is mentioned.

[化10]

In the general formulas (i-1-a) to (i-1-d), R ^ia1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and 1 ~8 alkoxy group or C 1-8 alkenyloxy group, ring X and ring Y each independently represent the divalent cyclic group represented by the above formula (a1) to formula (a25), X ⁱ² , X ⁱ⁴ and X ⁱ⁵ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, Y ^ia1 represents a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, Alkenyloxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, -OCF ₃ , or -CF ₃ . In the general formulas (i-1-a) to (i-1-d), it is more preferable that the ring X and the ring Y are independently (a1) to (a3), (a19) and ( a24). In the general formulas (i-1-a) to (i-1-d), R ^{ia1 is} preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of reliability. In the general formulas (i-1-a) to (i-1-d), from the viewpoint of reliability, Y ^{ia1 is} preferably a fluorine atom, a cyano group, or an alkane having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. A group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Among the compounds, (i-1-a), (i-1-b), (i-1-c) are preferred.

As a specific structure of the general formula (i) of the present invention, a 3-ring or 4-ring liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formulas (i.1) to (i.30) is preferred. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the compounds represented by the general formulas (i.1) to (i.30) may be used alone, or two or more of them may be used in combination.

[化11]

[化12]

[化13]

[化14]

[化15]

[化16]

In the general formulas (i.1) to (i.30), R ⁱ¹ preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a carbon number of 1 to 6 The alkoxy group of 6 or the alkenyloxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, Y ^ia1 preferably represents a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a carbon number of 1 to 6 Alkoxy group, alkenyloxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, -OCF ₃ , or -CF ₃ . Among the compounds represented by the general formulas (i.1) to (i.30), (i.7) to (i.28) are preferred. Furthermore, in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the content of each of the compounds of the general formula (i.1) to (i.30) relative to the entire liquid crystal composition can be applied to the content of the general formula (i) Better content.

As a preferable aspect of the liquid crystal compound represented by the said general formula (i-1), the following structural formula (i-1.1)-structural formula (i-1.20) are mentioned.

[化17]

[化18]

Among the compounds represented by the structural formulas (i-1.1) to (i-1.20), (i-1.2) to (i-1.5), (i-1.7) to (i-1.10) are preferred , (I-1.12) ~ (i-1.14), (i-1.17) ~ (i-1.20). Furthermore, in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the content of each of the compounds of the general formula (i-1.1) to (i-1.20) relative to the entire liquid crystal composition can be applied to the general formula (i) Better content.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains one or two or more compounds represented by the general formula (ii). The compound represented by this general formula (ii) is as follows.

[化19]

The compound represented by the general formula (ii) has a high Δn. The compatibility with the compound represented by the general formula (i) is excellent, and by combining the compound represented by the general formula (i) with the compound represented by the general formula (ii), a high Δn can be provided A liquid crystal composition excellent in storage stability at room temperature.

In the general formula (ii), R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² each independently represent a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one of the alkyl groups or two non-adjacent ones The above -CH ₂ -can be independently replaced by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-, in addition, R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² are present One or two or more hydrogen atoms in may be independently substituted with a fluorine atom, and R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² do not together represent a substituent selected from a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, and a cyano group.

In the general formula (ii), R ^{ii1 is} preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. The alkenyloxy group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms More preferably, it is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and still more preferably an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms.

Regarding R ⁱⁱ¹ , when reliability is important, an alkyl group is preferable, and when viscosity reduction is important, an alkenyl group is preferable.

In addition, when ^{the ring structure to which R ii1} is bonded is a phenyl group (aromatic), it is preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Alkoxy and alkenyl having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, when ^{the ring structure bonded to R ii1} is a saturated ring structure such as cyclohexane, pyran, and dioxane, it is preferably linear A C1-C5 alkyl group, a linear C1-C4 alkoxy group, and a linear C2-C5 alkenyl group. Regarding R ⁱⁱ¹ , in order to stabilize the nematic phase, the total of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms when present is preferably 5 or less, and is preferably linear. Here, as an alkenyl group, it is preferable to be selected from the group represented by any one of said formula (R1) to formula (R5).

When the compound represented by the general formula (ii) is a so-called p-type compound in which Δε is positive, R ^{ii2 is} preferably a fluorine atom, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group or a trifluoromethoxy group, and is preferably a fluorine atom. Atom or cyano. In the compound of formula (ii) is represented by a so-called Δε substantially non-polar compounds in the case where 0, R ⁱⁱ² represents the same meaning as R ^ii1, R ⁱⁱ² and R ⁱⁱ¹ may be the same or different.

In the general formula (ii), Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² and Z ⁱⁱ³ each independently represent a single bond, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -,- COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -or -C≡C-. Furthermore, in the general formula (ii), when ^{there are a plurality of Z ii1} , Z ⁱⁱ² and/or Z ⁱⁱ³ respectively, these may be the same or different. Here, Z ⁱⁱ¹ to Z ^{ii3 are} preferably single bonds.

In the general formula (ii), A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ⁴ and A ⁱⁱ⁵ each independently represent a group selected from the group consisting of the following groups (a) to (c). (A) 1,4-cyclohexylene (one -CH ₂ -or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -in the group can be substituted with -O-) (b) 1,4 -Phenyl (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group can be substituted into -N=) (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1, 2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl (naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2 One -CH= in the ,6-diyl group or two or more non-adjacent -CH= can be substituted into -N=) The group (a), group (b) and group (c) The hydrogen atoms in can be independently substituted with a halogen atom or a cyano group. Furthermore, in the general formula (ii), when ^{there are a plurality of A ii1} , A ⁱⁱ³ and/or A ⁱⁱ⁵ respectively, these may be the same or different.

Regarding A ⁱⁱ¹ to A ⁱⁱ⁵ , when an increase in Δn is required, it is preferable to each independently be aromatic. In order to improve the response speed, it is preferable to each independently be aliphatic, and it is preferable to each independently represent a trans- 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3,5-difluoro-1,4 -Phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, piperidine-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydro Naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, more preferably represents the following structure,

特佳為1個或2個以上的氫原子可由氟原子取代的1,4-伸苯基。[化20]

Particularly preferred is a 1,4-phenylene group in which one or more hydrogen atoms can be substituted with fluorine atoms.

In the general formula (ii), X ⁱⁱ¹ and X ⁱⁱ² each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom. Here, it is ^{preferable that at least one of X ii1} and X ⁱⁱ² is a fluorine atom, and it is preferable that both of them are a fluorine atom.

In the general formula (ii), m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ each independently represent 0 or 1, and m ⁱⁱ¹ +m ⁱⁱ² +m ⁱⁱ³ represent 0 or 1. Here, regarding m ⁱⁱ¹ , when the solubility in the liquid crystal composition is important, it is preferably 0, and when Δn and Tni are important, it is preferably 1. In addition, m ⁱⁱ¹ +m ⁱⁱ² +m ^{ii3 is} preferably zero.

As the compound represented by the aforementioned general formula (ii), each compound represented by the following general formula (ii-1) to (ii-18) is preferred.

[化21]

In the general formulas (ii-1) to (ii-18), R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² each independently represent the same meaning as ^{R ii1} and R ⁱⁱ² in the general formula (ii).

Among the compounds represented by the general formulas (ii-1) to (ii-18), the general formula (ii-1) to (ii-10) and the general formula (ii-15) are preferred ~ General formula (ii-18).

As a preferable aspect of the compound represented by the said general formula (ii), the compound represented by the following structural formula (ii.1)-a structural formula (ii.56) is mentioned.

[化22]

[化23]

[化24]

Among the compounds represented by the structural formulas (ii.1) to (ii.56), preferred are (ii.2) to (ii.8), (ii.12) to (ii.18), (Ii.22)～(ii.28), (ii.32)～(ii.38), (ii.41)～(ii.56).

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, if the content of the compound represented by the general formula (ii) is small, the effect is small. Therefore, the lower limit of the preferable content in the composition is 1% by mass, 2% by mass, and 5 Mass%, 7 mass%, 9 mass%, 10 mass%, 12 mass%, 15 mass%, 17 mass%, 20 mass%. In addition, if the content is large, problems such as precipitation may occur, so the upper limit values of the preferable content are 50% by mass, 40% by mass, 30% by mass, 25% by mass, 20% by mass, 18% by mass, 15% by mass, 13% by mass, 10% by mass.

The above is an explanation about the compounds represented by general formula (i) and general formula (ii), which are essential components of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention. The liquid crystal composition of the present invention may also contain compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formula (1a) to general formula (1c), compounds represented by general formula (2a) to general formula (2c), and compounds represented by general formula (iii) One or two or more of the group consisting of the compound as an optional component. Hereinafter, the optional components of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention will be described.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably further contains one or two or more compounds represented by the following general formulas (1a) to (1c).

[化25]

In the general formulas (1a) to (1c), R ¹¹ , R ¹² and R ¹³ each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and these groups One methylene group or two or more methylene groups that are not adjacent to each other may be substituted with -O- or -S-. In addition, one or two or more hydrogens present in these groups The atom may be substituted with a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, and M ¹¹ , M ¹² , M ¹³ , M ¹⁴ , M ¹⁵ , and M ¹⁶ each independently represent the following group (a), group (b), or group (d ), (a) trans-1,4-cyclohexylene (one methylene group or two or more non-adjacent methylene groups in the group may be substituted with -O- or -S-), (b) 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group can be substituted into -N=), 3- Fluoro-1,4-phenylene, or 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, and (d) 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2] Octyl, piperidine-2,5-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, or decahydronaphthalene-2,6 -A diyl group, wherein the hydrogen atom contained in the group (a), group (b) or group (d) may be substituted with a cyano group, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a trifluoromethyl group or a trifluoromethoxy group, respectively, L ¹¹ , L ¹² , L ¹³ , L ¹⁴ , L ¹⁵ and L ¹⁶ each independently represent a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -(CH ₂ ) ₄ -, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -N=N-, -CF ₂ O- or -C≡C-, p, q, s independently represent 0, 1 or 2, respectively, in M ¹² , When ^{there are multiple M 14} , M ¹⁶ , L ¹¹ , L ¹³ and/or L ¹⁵ , these may be the same or different, X ¹¹ , X ¹² , X ¹³ , X ¹⁴ , X ¹⁵ , X ¹⁶ and X ¹⁷ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, and Y ¹¹ , Y ¹² and Y ¹³ each independently represent a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group (-CN), a cyanothio group (-SCN), and a cyanooxy group (- OCN), -C≡C-CN, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, difluoromethoxy, or C1-C10 alkyl or carbon Alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 atoms, one methylene group or two or more methylene groups that are not adjacent to each other in these groups may be substituted with -O- or -S-. In addition, these groups One or two or more of the hydrogen atoms present in can be substituted with a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, wherein the compound represented by the general formula (i) is selected from the compound represented by the general formula (1a) Remove, from the general formula (1a), general formula (1b) and general formula (1c) expressed The compound represented by the general formula (ii) is removed from the compound.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains at least one or two or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formula (1a) to general formula (1c), and particularly preferably contains two to 8 kinds. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the content of at least one or two or more liquid crystal compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the general formula (1a) to the general formula (1c) (the entire liquid crystal composition The lower limit of 100% by mass) is preferably 1% by mass, more preferably 3% by mass, and still more preferably 5% by mass. In addition, in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the content of at least one or two or more liquid crystal compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formula (1a) to general formula (1c) (the liquid crystal composition The upper limit of the entire substance is 100% by mass) is preferably 60% by mass, more preferably 50% by mass, more preferably 40% by mass, and more preferably 30% by mass.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention more preferably contains at least one or two or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formula (1a) or general formula (1b), and more preferably contains at least one or Two or more kinds of compounds are selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the general formula (1a).

The lower limit of the preferable content (mass %) of the compound represented by formula (1a) relative to the total amount of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10 %, 13%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 25%, 30%. If the content (mass %) of the compound of the general formula (1a) in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is large, problems such as precipitation may be caused. Therefore, the upper limit values of the preferable content are 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%. %, 15%, 10%, 5%, 3%.

As a preferable aspect of the compound of general formula (1a), each compound represented by the following general formula (1a.1)-general formula (1a.28) is preferable.

[化26]

[化27]

[化28]

[化29]

In the general formulas (1a.1) to (1a.28), R ^11a represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbons, an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbons, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbons, Alkenyloxy having 2-12 carbons. R ^11c represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbons, an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbons, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbons, an alkene having 2 to 12 carbons X ^11a to X ^{11 h} each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, and Z ^11a , Z ^11b , Z ^11c and Z ^11d each independently represent -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -, -C ≡C- or single bond.

Among the compounds represented by the general formulas (1a.1) to (1a.28), (1a.1) to (1a.24) and (1a.26) are preferred.

As a specific example of the compound of the said general formula (1a), the compound represented by the following structural formula (1a.11.1)-structural formula (1a.28.10) is mentioned, for example.

[化30]

[化31]

[化32]

[化33]

Among the compounds represented by the structural formulas (1a.11.1) to (1a.28.10), preferred are (1a.11.2) to (1a.11.5), (1a.18.2) to (1a.18.5) , (1a.24.12) ~ (1a.24.15), (1a.28.2) ~ (1a.28.5), (1a.28.7) ~ (1a.28.10).

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably further contains one or two or more compounds represented by the following general formulas (2a) to (2c).

[化34]

In the general formulas (2a) to (2c), R ^2a and R ^2b each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. These may be linear, or may have a methyl branch or ethyl group. The group is branched, and it can also have a cyclic structure of 3 to 6 members. Any -CH ₂ -existing in the group can be -O-, -CH=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH -, -CF=CF- or -C≡C- substitution, any hydrogen atom present in the group can be substituted by fluorine atom or trifluoromethoxy group, ring A, ring B, ring C and ring D each independently represent Trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, trans-decahydronaphthalene-trans-2,6-diyl, 1,4-phenylene which can be substituted by 1 to 2 fluorine atoms or methyl groups, can be 1 Naphthalene-2,6-diyl group substituted by more than one fluorine atom, tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group substituted by 1 to 2 fluorine atoms, 1,4 -Cyclohexenyl, 1,3-dioxane-trans-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl or pyridine-2,5-diyl, L ^2a , L ^2b and L ^2c is an independent linking group, which represents a single bond, ethylidene (-CH ₂ CH ₂ -), 1,2-propylidene (-CH(CH ₃ )CH ₂ -and -CH ₂ CH(CH ₃ ) -), 1,4-butylene, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ O-, -CH=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CF =CF-, -C≡C- or -CH=NN=CH-.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formula (2a) to general formula (2c), and particularly preferably contains 2 to 8 types. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the content of at least one or two or more liquid crystal compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formula (2a) to general formula (2c) (the total liquid crystal composition The lower limit of 100% by mass) is preferably 0% by mass, more preferably 3% by mass, and still more preferably 5% by mass. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the content of at least one or two or more liquid crystal compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formula (2a) to general formula (2c) (the total liquid crystal composition The upper limit of 100% by mass) is preferably 50% by mass, more preferably 45% by mass, more preferably 38% by mass, and more preferably 25% by mass.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention more preferably contains at least one or two or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formula (2a) or general formula (2b), and more preferably contains one or two One or more kinds of compounds are selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the general formula (2a).

The lower limit of the preferable content (mass %) of the compound represented by formula (2a) relative to the total amount of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5 %, 3%. If the content (mass %) of the compound of the general formula (2a) in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is large, problems such as precipitation may occur. Therefore, the upper limit values of the preferable content are 45%, 35%, 25%, 15%. %, 10%, 8%, 5%.

As a preferable aspect of the compound of the said general formula (2a), the compound of the following general formula (2a-1)-general formula (2a-28) is mentioned.

[化35]

[化36]

[化37]

[化38]

In the general formulas (2a-1) to (2a-28), R ^2a and R ^2b each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and carbon An alkenyl group having 2 to 8 atoms or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, ring E, ring F, ring G, and ring H each independently represent any one of the above formulas (a1) to (a25) .

Among the compounds of the general formulas (2a-1) to (2a-28), preferred are (2a-1) to (2a-3), (2a-5), (2a-8) to ( 2a-10), (2a-12).

As specific examples of the compound of the general formula (2a) of the present invention, for example, the following structural formula (2a-5.1) to structural formula (2a-5.13) and structural formula (2a-12.1) to structural formula (2a-12.6) ) Represented by the compound.

[化39]

[化40]

[化41]

[化42]

Among the compounds represented by the structural formula (2a-5.1) ~ structural formula (2a-5.13) and structural formula (2a-12.1) ~ structural formula (2a-12.6), preferred are (2a-5.2) ~ ( 2a-5.5), (2a-5.11) ~ (2a-5.13), (2a-12.1) ~ (2a-12.4).

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably further includes at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formula (iii).

[化43]

In the general formula (iii), R ⁱⁱⁱ¹ represents a linear or branched alkyl group or a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and the methylene group present in these groups or the halogenated group containing a secondary carbon atom The alkylene group may be substituted by -O-, -CH=CH-, or -C≡C- in such a way that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to each other, m ⁱⁱⁱ¹ represents an integer of 0, 1 or 2, and A ⁱⁱⁱ¹ to A ⁱⁱⁱ³ are each independently Represents any of the following groups (a) to (c), (a) trans-1,4-cyclohexylene (one methylene group or two or more not adjacent to each other in the group The methylene group can be substituted with -O- or -S-), (b) 1,4-phenylene (1 -CH= or 2 or more non-adjacent -CH in the group = Can be substituted with -N=), (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decalin-2,6-diyl Group (naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= May be substituted to -N=) The hydrogen atoms in the groups (a) to (c) may be substituted with fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, or linear or branched alkyl groups with 1 to 10 carbon atoms or halogenated Alkyl, Z ⁱⁱⁱ¹ and Z ⁱⁱⁱ² each independently represent a single bond, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, or -C(R ^iiia )=NN=C(R ^iiib )-, In this case, R ^iiia and R ^iiib each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group. When m ⁱⁱⁱ¹ is 2, there are multiple A ⁱⁱⁱ¹ and Z ⁱⁱⁱ¹ may be the same or different, respectively.

In the general formula (iii), R ⁱⁱⁱ¹ preferably represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group, and the methylene group present in these groups may contain a secondary carbon atom The halogenated alkylene group may be substituted with -O-, -CH=CH-, or -C≡C- in a way that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to each other.

In the general formula (iii), A ⁱⁱⁱ¹ to A ^{iii3 are} preferably each independently substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group. Formula-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene. In addition, as A ⁱⁱⁱ¹ to A ⁱⁱⁱ³ , the divalent cyclic group represented by formula (a1) to formula (a25) ^{exemplified with respect to A i1} of the general formula (i) can be similarly cited. Specifically, A ⁱⁱⁱ¹ to A ^{iii3 are} preferably the above-mentioned formula (a1) to formula (a3), formula (a5) to formula (a6), formula (a9) to formula (a10), and formula (a12) to formula ( a25), more preferably formula (a1) to formula (a3), formula (a12) to formula (a25), and more preferably formula (a1) to formula (a3), and formula (a12) to formula (a18).

In the general formula (iii), Z ⁱⁱⁱ¹ and Z ⁱⁱⁱ² preferably independently represent a single bond, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, or -C(R ^iiia )= NN=C(R ^iiib )-. Here, R ^iiia and R ^iiib preferably each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a linear alkyl group or halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. In the general formula (iii), it is ^{more preferable that Z iii1} and Z iii2 are each independently a single bond or -C≡C-. In addition, it is more preferable that the compound represented by general formula (iii) has at least one -C≡C- in one molecule. That is, in the general formula (iii), it is preferable that at least one ^{of Z iii2} and Z iii1 where there are zero or more and two or less Z ^{iii1 represents -C≡C-.}

In the general formula (iii), m ⁱⁱⁱ¹ preferably represents an integer of 0, 1, or 2. When m ⁱⁱⁱ¹ is 2, multiple A ⁱⁱⁱ¹ and Z ⁱⁱⁱ¹ may be the same or different, respectively.

The lower limit of the preferable content (% by mass) of the compound represented by the general formula (iii) relative to the total amount of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is 1.7% by mass, 2% by mass, 4% by mass, and 4.3% by mass , 5% by mass, 5.7% by mass, and 6% by mass. If the content (mass%) of the compound of the general formula (iii) in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is large, problems such as precipitation may be caused. Therefore, the upper limit values of the preferable content are 23% by mass, 20% by mass, and 18% by mass. %, 14% by mass, 13% by mass, 10% by mass, 8% by mass, and 5% by mass. In addition, in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the preferred content of the compound represented by the general formula (iii) is 2% by mass to 20% by mass, more preferably 4% by mass to 15% by mass, and particularly preferably 6% by mass. ～12% by mass.

As a specific structure of the said general formula (iii), the compound represented by the following general formula (iii.1)-general formula (iii.6) is mentioned.

[化44]

In the general formulas (iii.1) to (iii.6), R ³⁵ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a carbon number of 2 to The alkenyl group of 8, R ³⁶ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and X ⁱⁱⁱ¹ to X ⁱⁱⁱ⁶ each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or a chlorine atom.

In the general formula (i) to general formula (iii), general formula (1a) to general formula (1c), and general formula (2a) to general formula (2c), in the structure formed by the combination of options, -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -C≡CC≡C- and -CH=CH-C≡C- are not good due to chemical stability. In addition, those in which the hydrogen atoms in these structures are replaced with fluorine atoms are also undesirable. In addition, the structure in which oxygens are bonded to each other, the structure in which sulfur atoms are bonded to each other, and the structure in which sulfur atoms and oxygen atoms are bonded are similarly unfavorable. In addition, a structure in which nitrogen atoms are bonded to each other, a structure in which a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom are bonded, and a structure in which a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom are bonded are similarly unfavorable.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the total amount (mass %) of the compounds represented by general formula (i) to general formula (ii) is preferably 20% to 93% with respect to the entire liquid crystal composition. 30% to 80%, preferably 40% to 70%. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the total amount (mass %) of the compounds represented by general formula (i) to general formula (iii) relative to the entire liquid crystal composition is preferably 30% to 95%, more preferably 35% to 85%, preferably 45% to 77%.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the total amount (mass %) of the compound represented by general formula (i) to general formula (ii) and general formula (1a) is preferably 30% to 95%, preferably 35%-85%, preferably 45%-75%. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the total amount (mass %) of the compound represented by general formula (i) to general formula (ii) and general formula (2a) is preferably 30% to 95%, preferably 35%-85%, preferably 45%-75%. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the total amount (% by mass) of the compound represented by general formula (i) to general formula (ii) and general formula (2b) is preferably 30% to 95%, preferably 35%-85%, preferably 45%-75%. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the total amount (mass %) of the compound represented by general formula (i) to general formula (ii) and general formula (2c) is preferably 30% to 95%, preferably 35%-85%, preferably 45%-75%.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the total amount (mass %) of the compound represented by general formula (i) to general formula (iii) and general formula (1a) is preferably 40% to 97%, preferably 45% to 90%, preferably 50% to 85%. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the total amount (mass %) of the compound represented by general formula (i) to general formula (iii) and general formula (2a) is preferably 40% to 97%, preferably 45% to 90%, preferably 50% to 85%. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the total amount (mass %) of the compound represented by general formula (i) to general formula (iii) and general formula (2b) is preferably from 40% to the entire liquid crystal composition. 97%, preferably 45% to 90%, preferably 50% to 85%. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the total amount (mass %) of the compound represented by general formula (i) to general formula (iii) and general formula (2c) is preferably 40% to 97%, preferably 45% to 90%, preferably 50% to 85%.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the compound represented by general formula (i) to general formula (ii), the compound represented by general formula (1a), and the compound represented by general formula (2a) relative to the entire liquid crystal composition The total amount (mass %) of the compound is preferably 40% to 97%, preferably 45% to 90%, and more preferably 50% to 85%. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the compound represented by general formula (i) to general formula (ii), the compound represented by general formula (1a), and the compound represented by general formula (2a) to general formula The total amount (% by mass) of the compound represented by (2b) is preferably 40% to 97%, more preferably 45% to 90%, more preferably 50% to 85%. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the compound represented by general formula (i) to general formula (ii), the compound represented by general formula (1a), and the compound represented by general formula (2a) to general formula The total amount (mass %) of the compound represented by (2c) is preferably 40% to 97%, more preferably 45% to 90%, more preferably 50% to 85%. In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the compound represented by general formula (i) to general formula (iii), the compound represented by general formula (1a), and the compound represented by general formula (2a) to general formula The total amount (% by mass) of the compound represented by (2c) is preferably 43% to 100%, more preferably 48% to 93%, and more preferably 53% to 88%.

In addition to the liquid crystal compound described above, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention may also contain additives such as a known stabilizer, a known polymerizable liquid crystal compound, or a polymer compound as appropriate depending on the usage. Examples of the stabilizer include hydroquinones, hydroquinone monoalkyl ethers, tertiary butylcatechols, pyrogallols, thiophenols, and nitro compounds. , Β-naphthylamines, β-naphthols, nitroso compounds or hindered phenols, hindered amines, etc. With respect to the liquid crystal composition, the addition amount when using the stabilizer is preferably in the range of 0.005% by mass to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.02% by mass to 0.5% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.03% by mass to 0.1% by mass.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a wide liquid crystal phase temperature range (the absolute value of the difference between the lower limit temperature of the liquid crystal phase and the upper limit temperature of the liquid crystal phase), but the liquid crystal phase temperature range is preferably 100°C or higher, more preferably 130°C or higher. In addition, the upper limit temperature of the liquid crystal phase (T _NI (°C)) is preferably 80°C to 180°C, preferably 95°C to 175°C, and more preferably 110°C to 170°C. Furthermore, the lower limit temperature of the liquid crystal phase (T _→N (°C)) is preferably 10°C or lower, more preferably 0°C to -60°C, and still more preferably -30°C to -50°C.

Regarding the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the viscosity (η) at 20° C. is preferably 10 mPa·s to 100 mPa·s, more preferably 10 mPa·s to 90 mPa·s, and more preferably 10 mPa·s to 80 mPa·s, preferably 10 mPa·s～70 mPa·s, preferably 10 mPa·s～60 mPa·s, more preferably 10 mPa·s～50 mPa·s, preferably 10 mPa·s s～40 mPa·s, particularly preferably 10 mPa·s～30 mPa·s.

Regarding the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, Δn (refractive index anisotropy) at 589.0 nm is preferably 0.3 or more, more preferably 0.31 to 0.45. The Δn in the visible light region is related to the Δε in the tens of GHz band. The higher the Δn, the greater the change in the dielectric constant in the GHz band. Therefore, if the Δn at 589.0 nm of the liquid crystal composition is 0.3 or more, the change in the dielectric constant in the GHz band can be increased, so it is suitable as a liquid crystal composition for antennas. Here, between the phase difference Re, the thickness d (cell gap) of the liquid crystal layer, and Δn, the relationship of the formula: Δn=Re/d is established. In this specification, Δn is obtained by the phase difference measuring device. More specifically, a sample of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention was injected into a glass cell with a polyimide alignment film, and the measurement was performed using a retardation film-optical material inspection device RETS-100 (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.) The in-plane retardation (phase difference Re) at a temperature of 25°C and 589 nm was measured. In addition, a glass cell in which the cell gap between the glass substrates is 3.0 μm and the rubbing direction of the polyimide alignment film is parallel was used. Furthermore, an Abbe refractometer may be used to measure ne and no of the liquid crystal composition to calculate Δn.

Hereinafter, the liquid crystal element, sensor, liquid crystal lens, optical communication device, and antenna using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention will be described. The liquid crystal element of the present invention is characterized by using the liquid crystal composition, and is preferably driven by an active matrix method or a passive matrix method. In addition, the liquid crystal element of the present invention is preferably a liquid crystal element that reversibly changes the dielectric constant by reversibly changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal composition. The sensor of the present invention is characterized by the use of the liquid crystal composition. For example, as its aspect, there can be mentioned: a distance measuring sensor using electromagnetic waves, visible light or infrared, an infrared sensor using temperature changes, and a utilization factor. A temperature sensor that changes the wavelength of reflected light caused by a change in the pitch of cholesteric liquid crystals, a pressure sensor that uses a change in the wavelength of reflected light, an ultraviolet sensor that uses a change in the wavelength of reflected light due to a change in composition, and a voltage , Inductance sensors that change temperature caused by current, radiation sensors that use temperature changes accompanying the tracks of radiation particles, ultrasonic sensors that use changes in the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules caused by the mechanical vibration of ultrasonic waves, and use Electromagnetic field sensors that change the wavelength of reflected light due to temperature changes or change the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules due to electric fields. As the ranging sensor, an optical radar (Light Detection And Ranging, LiDAR) for using a light source is preferable. As LiDAR, it is preferably used for artificial satellites, aircraft, drones, automobiles, railways, and ships. As an automatic car, it is particularly preferred for automatic operation of an automatic car. The light source is preferably an LED or a laser, preferably a laser. The light used for LiDAR is preferably infrared, and the wavelength is preferably 800 to 2000 nm. In particular, infrared rays having a wavelength of 905 nm or 1550 nm are preferred. In the case of attaching importance to the cost or all-weather sensitivity of the photodetector used, an infrared laser of 905 nm is preferred, and in the case of attaching importance to the safety of human vision, an infrared laser of 1550 nm is preferred. Moreover, since the liquid crystal composition of the present invention exhibits a high Δn, it can provide a sensor with a large phase modulation power in the visible light, infrared, and electromagnetic wave regions and excellent detection sensitivity. The liquid crystal lens of the present invention is characterized by using the liquid crystal composition. For example, as one of its aspects, it has: a first transparent electrode layer; a second transparent electrode layer; and a liquid crystal layer containing the liquid crystal composition, disposed in Between the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer; an insulating layer disposed between the second transparent electrode layer and the liquid crystal layer; and a high-resistance layer disposed between the insulating layer and Between the liquid crystal layers. The liquid crystal lens of the present invention can be used as, for example, a two-dimensional (2D), 3D switching lens, a focus adjustment lens of a camera, and the like. The optical communication device of the present invention is characterized by using the liquid crystal composition. For example, as one of its aspects, LCOS (Liquid crystal on silicon: liquid crystal on silicon) of the following structure can be cited: A liquid crystal layer in which the liquid crystals of each pixel constituting a plurality of pixels are arranged two-dimensionally. The optical communication device of the present invention can be used as a spatial phase modulator, for example.

The antenna of the present invention is characterized by using the liquid crystal composition. More specifically, the antenna of the present invention includes: a first substrate having a plurality of slits; a second substrate facing the first substrate and provided with a power supply part; and a first dielectric layer provided on the first substrate Between the second substrate and the second substrate; a plurality of patch electrodes arranged corresponding to the plurality of slits; a third substrate provided with the patch electrodes; and a liquid crystal layer provided on the first substrate and the Between the third substrates, the liquid crystal layer contains one or two or more compounds represented by the general formula (i) and one or two or more compounds represented by the general formula (ii).

By using the liquid crystal layer containing the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (i) and the general formula (ii), it is possible to provide a liquid crystal layer having a large dielectric anisotropy Δε, a high refractive index anisotropy Δn, and a nematic liquid crystal temperature An antenna that has a wide range, is stable at room temperature, and has high reliability against external stimuli such as heat. Thereby, it is possible to provide an antenna capable of greater phase control with respect to electromagnetic waves of microwaves or millimeter waves.

Hereinafter, the antenna of the present invention will be described using figures.

As shown in FIG. 1, an antenna assembly 11 formed by connecting four antenna units 1 is mounted on the roof of a vehicle (automobile) 2. The antenna unit 1 is a flat antenna and is installed on the roof of the vehicle. Therefore, the antenna unit 1 always faces the direction of the communication satellite. In this way, it is possible to perform satellite communication in which both parties can transmit and receive.

In addition, the “antenna” in this specification includes the antenna unit 1 or the antenna assembly 11 formed by connecting a plurality of antenna units 1.

The antenna of the present invention preferably operates at Ka-band frequencies, K-band frequencies, or Ku-band frequencies used in satellite communications.

Next, an example of an embodiment of the constituent elements of the antenna unit 1 is shown in FIG. 2. Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the antenna unit 1 shown in Fig. 1. Specifically, the antenna unit 1 is a structure having the following components: an antenna body 10; a control board 4, which controls the antenna body 10; a housing 3, which includes a concave portion capable of accommodating the antenna body 10 and the control board 4; and an upper cover 5, Seal the shell 3.

The control board 4 is provided with a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transmitter has the following mechanism: the information from the signal source such as sound or image is encoded by the information source encoding process, such as sound encoding or image encoding, etc., after the error correction encoding is performed by the transmission channel encoding process, It is modulated and transmitted as an electric wave. On the other hand, the receiver has the following mechanism: modulate the incoming radio wave, perform error correction through the transmission channel decoding process, and then use the information source decoding process, such as audio decoding or image decoding, to convert it into sound or image, etc. Data and other information. In addition, the control board 4 includes a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a read-only memory (Read Only Memory, ROM), etc., which are known as microcomputers, and The operation of each part of the antenna body 1, the transmitter and/or the receiver is centrally controlled. The RAM reads out and executes various programs stored in the CPU or ROM included in the control board 4 to execute predetermined processing. The control board 4 has functions such as the following components: a storage unit that stores various setting information or control programs; performs various calculations related to the amount and direction of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer in the antenna body 1, and various related to the transmission of radio waves An arithmetic unit that performs calculations and/or various calculations in the reception of radio waves; a detection unit that performs detection of reception or transmission of radio waves, or detection of voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer.

In FIG. 2, as an example of the housing 3 that can accommodate the disc-shaped antenna body 1, a hexagonal prism-shaped housing 3 and an upper cover 5 are described. The housing 3 and the upper cover 5 can be combined according to the shape of the antenna body 1. It can be suitably changed to a known shape such as a cylindrical shape, an octagonal prism shape, and a triangular prism shape.

In order to describe the structure of the antenna main body 10, the following description will be given using FIGS. 3 to 10. FIG. 3 is a schematic view obtained by disassembling the structural elements of the antenna body 10.

As shown in FIG. 3, the antenna body 10 includes a slot array part 6 and a patch array part 7. Furthermore, in the slot array portion 6, a plurality of slots (notches) 8 are formed on the surface of the disc-shaped conductor P, and a power supply portion 12 is provided inside the center portion of the slot array portion 6. In addition, in the patch array section 7, a plurality of square patches 9 having a length L and a width W are formed on the disc body Q as an example. Furthermore, the antenna body 10 has a disc-shaped conductor P formed with a plurality of slits 8 that is a slot array portion 6, and a disc-shaped patch array portion 7 with a plurality of patches formed, and has the following structure: The patch array part 7 and the slot array part 6 are bonded together in the form of each slit 8 formed in the surface of this disc-shaped conductor P, and the patch 9 is arrange|positioned facing each other.

The slot array portion 6 is an antenna portion that uses a notch portion (hereinafter, the slot 8) that is vacant on the surface of the disc-shaped conductor Q as a radiation element (or an incident element). Furthermore, the slot array portion 6 has a slot 8 and a power feeding portion 12 provided at the center of the disc-shaped conductor Q. Generally, the slot array section 6 has a mechanism for direct excitation at the front end of the transmission line or via a cavity provided on the back of the slot. Furthermore, the slot array section 6 can be used for power supply to the patch antenna via the slot from an antenna or a microstrip line or the like using a backplane. In FIG. 3, as an example of the slot array part 6, the form of the radial line slot array is described, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to this.

A plan view of the slot array portion 6 in FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. 4. Hereinafter, the slot array section 6 will be described using FIG. 4. The slot array portion 6 includes a structure for supplying power through a coaxial line provided in the center portion of the slot array portion 6. Therefore, the power supply part 12 is provided in the center part of the slot array part 6 shown in FIG. In addition, in the slot array portion 6, a plurality of pairs of slots 8 (hereinafter referred to as “slit pairs”) are formed on the surface of the disc-shaped conductor P. The slit pair 8 includes a structure in which two rectangular cutout portions are arranged in a "eight" shape. In more detail, two rectangular parallelepiped slits 8 are arranged in an orthogonal manner, and one of the slits of the pair of slits 8 is arranged so as to be separated by 1/4 wavelength from the other slit. Thereby, according to the azimuth angle of the antenna, circularly polarized waves with different rotation directions can be transmitted and received.

Furthermore, in this specification, the two slits 8 are referred to as slit pairs 8, one slit 8 is simply referred to as slit 8, and the general term for slits and slit pairs is referred to as slit (pair) 8.

A plurality of slit pairs 8 are formed spirally from the center of the disc-shaped conductor substrate P toward the outside in the radial direction. In addition, the pair of slits 8 is formed on the surface of the disk-shaped substrate so that the distance between the pair of slits 8 adjacent to each other along the spiral is constant. Thereby, the phases can be aligned on the front of the slot array portion 6 and the electromagnetic fields can be mutually enhanced, and a pencil-shaped light beam can be formed on the front.

In addition, in FIGS. 3 and 4, an example of the shape of the slit 8 is shown as a rectangular parallelepiped shape, but the shape of the slit 8 of the present invention is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped, and well-known shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon can be used. shape. In addition, in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, as an example of the slit 8, the aspect of a slit pair is shown, but the slit 8 of this invention is not limited to a slit pair. Furthermore, an example is shown in which the arrangement of the slits 8 on the surface of the disc-shaped conductor substrate P is spiral, but the arrangement of the slits 8 is not limited to the spiral shape, and the slits 8 may be arranged, for example, as described later. Concentric circles as shown in Figure 8.

The power supply unit 12 of the present invention has a function of receiving electromagnetic waves and/or radiating electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, if the power supply unit 12 in the present invention is a part that transmits high-frequency power generated by capturing radio waves by the patch 9 as a radiating element or an incident element to the receiver, or for supplying high-frequency power, the radiating element is connected to a power supply line. The connected part is not particularly limited, and a known power supply unit and power supply line can be used. In FIGS. 3 and 4, the coaxial power supply unit is shown as an example.

As shown in FIG. 3, the patch array part 7 includes a liquid crystal layer (not shown) filled between the disc body Q and the slot array part 6, and the disc body Q has a plurality of lengths L and widths W. The square shape of the patch 9. The patch array section 7 of the present embodiment has a structure of a so-called microstrip antenna, and is a resonator that resonates at a frequency at which the length L coincides with an integer multiple of 1/2 wavelength.

Furthermore, in FIG. 3, as an example of the patch 9, a square patch 9 with a length of L and a width of W is shown. The shape of the patch 9 is not limited to a quadrilateral, and it may be circular. Patch 9. Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a circular patch 9 as another embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a plan view of the antenna body 10 of the present invention. In more detail, the antenna body 10 is viewed from the patch array portion 7, and the patch 9 and the power supply portion 12 are opposed to the main surface of the disc body Q , The figure formed by the vertical projection of 8 by the slit. Therefore, the patch 9, the power supply unit 12, and the pair of slits 8 are indicated by dashed lines. In addition, in the case where the shape of the patch 9 is a circular shape, an electromagnetic field distribution _{called a TM 11 mode can generally be operated.} As shown in FIG. 5, the projection body of the patch 9 overlaps the projection body of the pair of slits 8, so it can be understood as a state: the slits 8 formed on the surface of the disc-shaped conductor P are arranged opposite to each other. Patch 9 provided on the disc body Q. In this way, by using the structure in which each patch 9 is arranged corresponding to each slot 8, power can be supplied from the slot 8 to the patch 9 by the electromagnetic coupling power supply method, or the incoming radio wave can be propagated from the patch 9 to the slot 8. Therefore, an antenna capable of transmitting and/or receiving radio waves can be provided.

Generally, the method of supplying power to the radiating element (for example, the patch 9) of the patch array section 7 using a common transmission line such as a coaxial line or a planar transmission line is roughly divided into two types: a direct connection power supply method and an electromagnetic coupling power supply method . Therefore, as the power supply method of the present invention, the following two methods can be cited: the method of exciting the radiating element by directly connecting the transmission line to the patch 9 (radiation element), that is, the direct connection power supply method; and the method of not connecting the transmission line The circuit is directly connected to the patch electrode (radiation element), but the method of exciting the patch electrode (radiation element) by the electromagnetic field generated around the power supply line with the terminal open or short-circuited is the electromagnetic coupling power supply method. In the present invention, the aspect of the electromagnetic coupling power supply mode is shown.

In this embodiment, the power supply line based on the (coaxial) power supply unit 12 has an open terminal, and therefore, a current standing wave is generated in which the terminal of the power supply line coincides with the node. This generates a magnetic field that surrounds the power supply line ((coaxial) power supply section 12), and when the magnetic field enters the slit 8, the slit (pair) 8 is excited. Furthermore, when the magnetic field generated by the excitation of the slit (pair) 8 is incident on the patch 9, the patch 9 is excited. The maximum excitation intensity is when the magnetic field incident to the slit 8 is the maximum. Therefore, it is preferable to form the slit ( Yes) 8.

The preferred aspect of the antenna of the present invention is a structure composed of a radial slot line array and a patch antenna array.

Next, an embodiment of the antenna body 10 will be described using FIG. 6 which is a cross-sectional view of the antenna body 10 shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 6 is of course a schematic diagram showing the structure of the antenna.

As shown in FIG. 6, the antenna body 10 has: a disc-shaped second substrate 14; a disc-shaped first substrate 13 (corresponding to the disc-shaped conductor P; also called a slot array substrate), facing from the center A plurality of slits (pairs) 8 are formed on the outer side of the radial direction; the first dielectric layer 17 is provided between the second substrate 14 and the first substrate 13; the power supply part 12 is provided on the disc-shaped first substrate 13 and the circle The center of the plate-shaped second substrate 14; the disc-shaped third substrate 15 (corresponding to the disc body Q; also called the patch substrate); the patch 9 (radiation element or incident element), mounted on the third The substrate 15; and the liquid crystal layer 16 are disposed between the third substrate 15 and the first substrate 13. In addition, the power supply unit 12 is electrically connected to a transmitter and/or a receiver provided on the control board via a power supply line 12a. Furthermore, each patch 9 corresponds to each slit pair 8.

Here, "(each) patch 9 corresponds to (each) slit pair 8", as in the description of FIG. 5, means that the patch 9 is vertically projected with respect to the main surface of the second substrate 14 The projection surface of is overlapped with the slit (pair) 8. In other words, it means that the projection surface formed by vertically projecting the slit (pair) 8 with respect to the main surface of the third substrate 15 overlaps the patch 9.

In addition, it is preferable that the first substrate 13, the second substrate 14, and the third substrate 15 are disc bodies having the same area.

In Fig. 6, there is described the following form: the radio wave (arrow) supplied from the (coaxial) power supply unit 12 becomes a cylindrical wave and propagates in the first dielectric layer 17 to the outside in the radial direction. ) 8 is transmitted to the liquid crystal layer 16. Furthermore, regarding the slit (pair) 8, as shown in FIG. 4, if two orthogonal slits in a so-called "eight" shape are arranged so that they are shifted by 1/4 wavelength, a circularly polarized wave can be generated. As described above, by the electromagnetic coupling power supply method, the slot (pair) 8 is excited, whereby the magnetic field generated from the slot (pair) 8 is incident on the patch 9 and the patch 9 is excited. As a result, the patch 9 can radiate radio waves with high directivity.

On the other hand, in the case of receiving an incoming radio wave, according to the law of reversibility of transmission and reception, in contrast to the above, after the patch 9 receives the incoming radio wave, it passes through a slot (pair) 8 provided directly below the patch 9 The incoming radio waves are propagated to the power supply unit 12.

Circularly polarized waves are different from linearly polarized waves. They are electric waves in which the direction of the electric field rotates with the passage of time. They are classified as the right ones used in the Global Positioning System (GPS) or Electronic Toll Collection (ETC). For circularly polarized waves and left-handed circularly polarized waves used in satellite radio broadcasting, etc., the antenna of the present invention can receive any kind of polarized waves.

By applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 16 between the patch 9 and the first substrate 13, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 16 can be changed. As a result, the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer 16 changes, and therefore the electrostatic capacitance of the slit (pair) 8 changes. As a result, the reactance and resonance frequency of the slit (pair) 8 can be controlled. In other words, by controlling the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer 16, the reactance and resonance frequency of the slit 8 can be adjusted, so the power supply to each patch 9 can be controlled by adjusting the excitation of the slit (pair) 8 and the patch 9 . Thereby, it is possible to adjust the radiated electric wave through the liquid crystal layer 16. Therefore, for example, a thin film transistor (TFT) or the like may be provided with an applied voltage adjusting member that adjusts the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 16. In addition, the refractive index is changed by changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 16. As a result, the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave passing through the liquid crystal layer 16 can be controlled by a phased array as a result of the integration. The materials of the first substrate 13 and the second substrate 14 are not particularly limited as long as they are conductors such as copper. In addition, the material of the third substrate 15 is not particularly limited. Depending on the usage pattern, glass substrates, acrylic substrates, ceramics (alumina), silicon, glass cloth, Teflon (registered trademark) (polytetrafluoroethylene) can be used. Well-known materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Regarding the material of the first dielectric layer 17, a known material can be appropriately selected according to the desired relative permittivity, and it can also be a vacuum. Furthermore, the material of the patch 9 is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductor such as copper or silver.

Next, another embodiment of the antenna body 10 will be described using FIG. 7. The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is a part of the slot array portion 6 of the antenna body 10 different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 6.

In FIG. 7, the antenna body 10 has: a first substrate 13 as a hollow body with a plurality of slits (pairs) 8 formed on one surface; a disc-shaped second substrate 14, a first dielectric layer 17, and The power supply unit 12 is housed in the hollow body of the first substrate 13; the disc-shaped third substrate 15; the patch 9, which is mounted on the third substrate 15; and the liquid crystal layer 16, which is provided on the third substrate 15 And the first substrate 13, and the power supply part 12 is provided on the other surface of the first substrate 13 where a plurality of slits (pairs) 8 are not formed, and between the second substrate 14, and is provided on the first substrate 13 and The center portion of the second substrate 14 having a disc shape. In addition, the power supply unit 12 is electrically connected to a transmitter and/or a receiver provided on the control board via a power supply line 12a. Furthermore, each patch 9 corresponds to each slit pair 8. In addition, in FIG. 7, the side surfaces of the first substrate 13 as the hollow body protrude to the outside of the hollow body, and specifically, have an inclined surface at 45° with respect to the horizontal direction.

As shown in FIG. 7, the electric wave (arrow) supplied from the (coaxial) power supply unit 12 becomes a cylindrical wave and propagates outside the first dielectric layer 17 in the radial direction. Furthermore, the propagated cylindrical wave is reflected by the side surfaces of the first substrate 13 as a hollow body, whereby the cylindrical wave that has entered the second substrate 14 is converted into the outer circumference of the first substrate 13 in the shape of a circular plate. The traveling wave (arrow) toward the center propagates in the first dielectric layer 17. At this time, the traveling wave is transmitted from the slit (pair) 8 to the liquid crystal layer 16. Thereby, similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the patch 9 is excited and can radiate radio waves with high directivity.

On the other hand, in the case of receiving an incoming radio wave, similarly, after the patch 9 receives the incoming radio wave, the incoming radio wave is propagated to the power supply unit 12 via a slot (pair) 8 provided directly below the patch 9.

Next, another embodiment of the antenna body 10 will be described using FIGS. 8 to 10. In the embodiment of the antenna main body 10 shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the structure of the antenna main body 10 in which the liquid crystal layer 16 is uniformly provided between the first substrate 13 and the third substrate 15 has been described. On the other hand, in the embodiments of FIGS. 8 to 10, the structure of the antenna body 10 in which the liquid crystal layer 16 is filled in the space in which the patch 9 and the slit 8 are respectively arranged (hereinafter, the sealing area 20) will be described.

Fig. 8 is a plan view showing an example of an embodiment of the antenna body 10 of the present invention. In more detail, FIG. 8 is a view of the antenna body 10 from the patch array portion 7, and is a view obtained by vertically projecting the patch 9, the power supply portion 12, and the slit 8 with respect to the main surface of the disc body Q . Therefore, similar to FIG. 5, the patch 9, the power supply unit 12, and the slit 8 are indicated by broken lines. In FIG. 8, a square-shaped patch 9 and a rectangular parallelepiped slit 8 are respectively arranged corresponding to the sealing area 20. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the projection body of the patch 9 overlaps the projection body of the slit 8, and therefore the slit 8 is formed directly under the patch 9. Therefore, in the embodiment of the antenna body 10 shown in FIG. 8, the patch 9 can be powered from the slot 8 by means of electromagnetic coupling power supply, or the incoming radio waves can be propagated from the patch 9 to the slot 8. Therefore, an antenna capable of transmitting and/or receiving radio waves can be provided.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, in the present embodiment, the patch 9 and the slit 8 are arranged concentrically from the center of the disc body Q toward the outer circumferential direction of the disc body Q. Therefore, by supplying power in the coaxial mode, a conical beam is generated, so that the phase of the front surface of the disc body Q can be aligned and the electromagnetic fields can be mutually enhanced.

Next, an embodiment of the antenna body 10 will be described using FIG. 9 which is a cross-sectional view of the antenna body 10 shown in FIG. 8. Furthermore, FIG. 9 is of course a schematic diagram showing the structure of the antenna.

As shown in FIG. 9, the antenna body 10 has: a disc-shaped second substrate 14; a disc-shaped first substrate 13 in which a plurality of slits 8 are formed concentrically from the center toward the outside in the radial direction; and a buffer layer 22 , Disposed on the surface of the first substrate 13 on the side of the second substrate 14; the first dielectric layer 17 is disposed between the buffer layer 22 and the second substrate 14; the power supply part 12 is disposed on the disc-shaped first substrate 13 and The central part of the disc-shaped second substrate 14 is arranged in contact with the first dielectric layer 17; the disc-shaped third substrate 15; the patch 9 (radiation element or incident element) is mounted on the third The substrate 15; the liquid crystal layer 16, separated by the sealing wall 24 between the third substrate 15 and the first substrate 13, and in a plurality of sealing areas 20 provided with the patch 9 in a manner of contact with the patch 9 Fill it. In addition, the power supply unit 12 is electrically connected to a transmitter and/or a receiver provided on the control board via a power supply line 12a. Furthermore, each patch 9 corresponds to each slit 8, and there are at least one patch 9, at least one slit 8, and liquid crystal layer 16 in each sealing area 20, and a plurality of sealing areas 20 are respectively interposed between the sealing wall 21 and the sealing wall. 23. The sealing wall 24 separates.

Although not shown in FIG. 9, if necessary, a TFT (thin film transistor) that controls the voltage of the liquid crystal layer 16 may be provided on the first substrate 13 in each sealing region 20, for example. In this way, the application of the voltage to the liquid crystal layer 16 can be controlled in an active manner. In addition, if necessary, an alignment film may be provided in each sealing area 20 to fix the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules constituting the liquid crystal layer 16. As the alignment film, a vertical alignment film that easily aligns liquid crystal molecules in a vertical direction or a horizontal alignment film that easily aligns liquid crystal molecules in a horizontal direction may be provided between the first substrate 13 and the liquid crystal layer 16. For example, a polyimide alignment film, a photo-alignment film, etc. can be cited.

Next, using FIG. 10 which is a cross-sectional view of the antenna body 10 shown in FIG. 8 cut along the line B-B, the sealing area 20 of the present embodiment will be described. Furthermore, FIG. 10 is of course a schematic diagram showing the sealing area 20.

As shown in FIG. 10, the sealing area 20 is a sealed space surrounded by the sealing wall 24, the buffer layer 22, the first substrate 13 and the third substrate 15, and at least one patch 9, and at least one The slit 8 is arranged in the same sealed space in a confronting manner, and is filled with the liquid crystal layer 16.

In this embodiment, the sealing wall 24 can be formed of a well-known insulator or the like. In addition, the buffer layer 22 may be formed of a known dielectric material or the like.

Although not shown in FIG. 10, if necessary, a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) that controls the voltage of the liquid crystal layer 16 may be provided on, for example, the first substrate 13 in the sealing area 20. In this way, the application of the voltage to the liquid crystal layer 16 can be controlled in an active manner. If the driving method based on the active method is described in more detail, for example, the following method can be cited: the patch 9 is used as a common electrode, and the first substrate 13 is used as a pixel electrode, and the first substrate 13 is formed as a pixel electrode. A method in which TFT on a substrate 13 controls the voltage between the patch 9 and the first substrate 13 to control the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 16; or the first substrate 13 is set as a pixel electrode, and the first substrate 13 A method for forming electrode layers and TFTs on 13 to control the voltage between the patch 9 and the first substrate 13 to control the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 16; and disposing comb-shaped electrodes and TFTs on the first substrate 13 , And the method of controlling the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 16 by the TFT. In addition, the method of actively controlling the application of the voltage of the liquid crystal layer 16 is not limited to the above-mentioned method.

In addition, at this time, an alignment film may be provided in each sealing area 20 to fix the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules constituting the liquid crystal layer 16. As the alignment film, a vertical alignment film that easily aligns liquid crystal molecules in a vertical direction or a horizontal alignment film that easily aligns liquid crystal molecules in a horizontal direction may be provided between the first substrate 13 and the liquid crystal layer 16.

In order to tune the liquid crystal layer 16, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 16 between the patch 9 and the first substrate 13 can also be modulated. For example, as described above, by actively controlling the applied voltage to the liquid crystal layer 16, the electrostatic capacitance of the slit 8 is changed, and as a result, the reactance and the resonance frequency of the slit 8 can be controlled. The resonance frequency of the slot 8 has a correlation with the energy radiated by the radio waves propagating in the line. Therefore, by adjusting the resonance frequency of the slit 8, the slit 8 does not substantially couple with the cylindrical wave energy from the power supply unit 12 or couples with the cylindrical wave energy and radiates to the free space. Such control of the reactance and resonance frequency of the slit 8 can be performed separately in the sealing area 20 formed with a plurality of pieces. In other words, by controlling the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer 16, the power supply to the patch 9 in each sealing area 20 can be controlled by the TFT. Therefore, it is possible to control the patch 9 that transmits radio waves and the patch that does not transmit radio waves. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the transmission and reception of the radiated radio waves through the liquid crystal layer 16. [Example]

Hereinafter, examples are given to illustrate the present invention in more detail, but the present invention is not limited at all by the following examples.

The nematic liquid crystal compositions described in the examples were produced, and various physical properties were measured. The composition of the following examples and comparative examples contains each compound in the ratio in the table, and the content is described as "mass %". In the examples, the following abbreviations are used for the description of the compounds.

(Ring structure)

於以下的實施例中，只要並無特別說明，則表示反式體。[化45]

In the following examples, as long as there is no special description, it represents a trans body.

(Side chain structure and connection structure)

[Table 1] Record in short form Substituents and linking groups represented 2- C ₂ H _5- 3- nC ₃ H _7- 4O- nC ₄ H ₉ O- 5O- nC ₅ H ₁₁ O- -2 -C ₂ H ₅ -3 -nC ₃ H ₇ -F -F -O4 -OnC ₄ H ₉ -O5 -OnC ₅ H ₁₁ -n (n is an integer greater than 1) -C _n H _2n+1 n-(n is an integer greater than 1) C _n H _2n+1- -On (n is an integer greater than 1) -OC _n H _2n+1 nO- (n is an integer greater than 1) C _n H _2n+1 O- -nV (n is an integer greater than 1) -C _n H _2n -CH=CH ₂ Vn- (n is an integer greater than 1) CH ₂ =CH-C _n H _2n- -CN -CN -NCS -NCS - single bond -T- -C≡C- -CFFO- -CF ₂ O -D- -N=N- -COO- -C(=O)O- -Z- -CH=NN=CH-

(Physical property value and its evaluation method) <Maximum temperature (T _NI (℃))> T _NI (℃): The temperature at which the composition transforms from the nematic phase to the isotropic phase (Tni)

<Lower limit temperature (T _→N (℃))> T _→N (℃): The lower limit temperature for the composition to transform from other phases to nematic phases

＜Refractive index anisotropy (Δn)＞ Δn: The refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition at 25°C and 589 nm ·The evaluation method of refractive index anisotropy The liquid crystal composition was injected into a glass cell with a polyimide alignment film, and the in-plane measurement temperature was 25°C and 589 nm using a retardation film-optical material inspection device RETS-100 (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.) Delay (phase difference) is measured. In addition, a glass cell in which the cell gap between the glass substrates is 3.0 μm and the rubbing direction of the polyimide alignment film is parallel was used. In addition, the Δn of the liquid crystal composition was calculated from the formula of retardation=thickness of the liquid crystal layer (cell gap)×Δn.

＜Evaluation method of stability at room temperature＞ Weigh 0.5 g of a sample of the liquid crystal composition in a 1 mL sample bottle and store it in a temperature-controlled test tank at 25°C for 168 hours. Visually observe the occurrence of precipitates from the composition to confirm whether precipitation is observed Things.

(Example 1 to Example 5) The liquid crystal compounds shown in Table 2 were prepared, nematic liquid crystal compositions were prepared, and various physical property values were measured by the above-mentioned evaluation method.

(Comparative example 1 to comparative example 4) The liquid crystal compounds shown in Tables 3 to 6 were prepared, nematic liquid crystal compositions were prepared, and various physical property values were measured by the above-mentioned evaluation method. In addition, regarding the liquid crystal compositions of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, precipitation was observed in the evaluation of the room temperature stability, and therefore the measurement of various physical property values was abandoned.

[Table 2] Table 2 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 T _NI (℃) 128.1 116.85 138.5 137.4 167.0 T _→N (℃) G-25 S＞0 S＞0 G-32 G-20 Δn 0.3297 0.3373 0.3558 0.3646 0.3906 Storage stability at room temperature (no precipitation within 1 week: ○, precipitation: ×) ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 3-Ph-T-Ph-1 8 10 - 10 - V2-Ph-Z-Ph-2V - 10 10 - - 3-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph3-F 15 20 20 15 20 3-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph1-F 15 15 15 15 10 4-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph1-F 15 15 15 15 - 3-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph-4 - 20 20 7 20 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 6 - 6 6 6 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 6 - 6 6 6 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 6 10 8 6 8 4-Ma-Ph-T-Ph-O4 - - - 10 10 3-Ph-T-Ph1-Ph-CN - - - - 10 4-Ma-Ph-T-Ph1-F - - - 10 10 5-Ph-T-Pm2-O2 8 - - - - 3-Cy-Ph-T-Pm2-1 8 - - - - 3-Cy-Ph-T-Ph-2 5 - - - - 4-Cy-Ph-T-Ph-1 5 - - - - 3-Cy-COO-Ph-T-Ph-1 3 - - - -

[table 3] table 3 Comparative example 1 T _NI (℃) - T _→N (℃) - Δn - Storage stability at room temperature (no precipitation within 1 week: ○, precipitation: ×) X 3-Ph-T-Ph-1 10 4-Cy-Ph-T-Ph-1 15 3-Cy-Ph-T-Ph-2 15 3-Cy-COO-Ph-T-Ph-1 15 3-Cy-COO-Ph-T-Ph-5 7 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 6 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 6 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 6 4-Ma-Ph-T-Ph-O4 10 4-Ma-Ph-T-Ph1-F 10

[Table 4] Table 4 Comparative example 2 T _NI (℃) - T _→N (℃) - Δn - Storage stability at room temperature (no precipitation within 1 week: ○, precipitation: ×) X 3-Ma-Ph3-CN 5 5-Ph-Ph-CN twenty four 4-Ma-Ph-CN 4 5-Ma-Ph-CN 4 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 12 4-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 6 5-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 4 4-Ph-Ma-Ph-CN 5 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 9 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 9 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 9 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 9

[table 5] table 5 Comparative example 3 T _NI (℃) 115.0 T _→N (℃) S＞0 Δn 0.2880 Storage stability at room temperature (no precipitation within 1 week: ○, precipitation: ×) ○ V2-Ph-T-Ph-2V 10 3-Ph-T-Ph-1 9 4-Ph-T-Ph-O2 4 5-Ph-T-Ph-O1 4 3-Cy-Ph-T-Ph-2 7 4-Cy-Ph-T-Ph-1 7 3-Cy-COO-Ph-T-Ph-1 7 3-Cy-COO-Ph-T-Ph-5 7 3-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph3-F 15 3-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph1-F 15 4-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph1-F 15

[Table 6] Table 6 Comparative example 4 T _NI (℃) 97.1 T _→N (℃) C>0 Δn 0.2794 Storage stability at room temperature (no precipitation within 1 week: ○, precipitation: ×) ○ 3-Ph-T-Ph-1 8 3-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph3-F 15 3-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph1-F 15 4-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph1-F 15 5-Ph-Ph-CN 9 V2-Ph-T-Ph-2V 9 5-Ph-T-Pm2-O2 8 3-Cy-Ph-T-Pm2-1 8 3-Cy-Ph-T-Ph-2 5 4-Cy-Ph-T-Ph-1 5 3-Cy-COO-Ph-T-Ph-1 3

The Δn in the visible light region is related to the Δε in the tens of GHz band. The higher the Δn, the greater the change in the dielectric constant in the GHz band. Therefore, according to the evaluation results shown in Table 2 to Table 6, it is confirmed that Example 1-Implementation The liquid crystal composition of Example 5 is suitable as a liquid crystal for antennas. In addition, from the evaluation results shown in Table 2 to Table 6, it is found that the Δn of Examples 1 to 5 is higher than that of Comparative Example 3 to Comparative Example 4, and that Δn is higher than that of Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 2. , Examples 1 to 5 have excellent room temperature stability.

The room temperature storage stability was compared between the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 1 to 5 and the liquid crystal compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 4. As a result, the liquid crystal compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were After 168 hours, precipitation was found. In contrast, it was confirmed that the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 1 to 5 maintained a nematic liquid crystal phase even after 168 hours had passed, and were excellent in storage stability at room temperature. In addition, it was confirmed that in the liquid crystal compositions of Comparative Examples 3 to 4, although there was no precipitation regarding the storage stability at room temperature, the Δn was low and large phase control of radio waves could not be performed. Therefore, it was difficult to use as a liquid crystal for antennas. . [Industrial availability]

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be used in liquid crystal materials for high-frequency devices, microwave devices, or antennas.

1: Antenna unit 2: Vehicle (car) 3: shell 4: control panel 5: Upper cover 6: Slot array section 7: Patch array department 8: Gap (cut part) 9: Patch 10: Antenna body 11: Antenna components 12: Power Supply Department 12a: power supply line 13: The first substrate 14: Second substrate 15: third substrate 16: liquid crystal layer 17: The first dielectric layer 20: Sealed area 21, 23, 24: sealing wall 22: Buffer layer L: length W: width P: Conductor/Conductor substrate Q: Disc body

FIG. 1 is an example of a schematic diagram of a vehicle equipped with the antenna of the present invention. Fig. 2 is an example of an exploded view of the antenna of the present invention. Fig. 3 is an example of an exploded view of the antenna body of the present invention. Fig. 4 is an example of a plan view of the slot array portion of the present invention. Fig. 5 is an example of a plan view of a projection view of the antenna body of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a form of a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the antenna body of Fig. 5 along the line A-A. Fig. 7 is another form of a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the antenna body of Fig. 5 along the line A-A. Fig. 8 is another example of a plan view showing a projection view of the antenna body of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna body of Fig. 8 cut along the line C-C. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna body of Fig. 8 cut along the line B-B.

Claims (13)

A liquid crystal composition characterized by containing one or two or more compounds represented by the following general formula (i) and one or two or more compounds represented by the following general formula (ii),

(In the general formula (i), R ⁱ¹ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -s in the alkyl group may be independently derived from -CH =CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO- substitution, in addition, one or more hydrogen atoms present in ^{R i1 can be independently substituted} Is a fluorine atom, Y ⁱ¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -in the alkyl group may be Each is independently substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-, in addition, one or more hydrogen atoms present in ^{Y i1} Each independently can be substituted with a fluorine atom, X ⁱ¹ to X ⁱ⁵ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, X ⁱ¹ and X ⁱ² do not represent a fluorine atom together, and X ⁱ³ and X ⁱ⁴ do not represent a fluorine atom together, A ⁱ¹ represents a group selected from the group consisting of the following groups (a) to (c), (a) 1,4-cyclohexylene (1 -CH ₂ -or a combination of the group Two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -can be substituted with -O-), (b) 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two non-adjacent ones in the group The above -CH= can be substituted to -N=) and (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2 ,6-Diyl (naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl contains 1 -CH= or 2 or more that are not adjacent The -CH= can be substituted with -N=) The hydrogen atoms in the group (a), group (b) and group (c) can be independently substituted by a halogen atom or a cyano group, ^{respectively, Z i1} and Z ⁱ² are respectively Independently represent -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -, -C≡C- or single bond, at least one of Z ⁱ¹ or Z ⁱ² represents -C≡C-, and at least one of ^{X i1} to X ^{i5 is a fluorine atom} or a ⁱ¹ at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a halogen atom or a cyano group, m ⁱ¹ represents 1 or 2, the presence of the plurality, the plurality may be identical or different in a ^i1, in the presence of a plurality of Z ⁱ¹ In case, these can be the same or different)

(In the general formula (ii), R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² each independently represent a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one of the alkyl groups may be non-adjacent Two or more -CH ₂ -can be independently replaced by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-, in addition, in R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² The existing one or more hydrogen atoms may be independently substituted with fluorine atoms. R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² do not together represent a substituent selected from a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a cyano group, Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² and Z ⁱⁱ³ each independently represent a single bond, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -or -C≡C-, A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ⁴ and A ⁱⁱ⁵ are independently selected The group consisting of the following groups (a) to (c), (a) 1,4-cyclohexylene (1 -CH _{2-which is present in the group or 2 which} is not adjacent to each other) More than one -CH ₂ -can be substituted into -O-), (b) 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH in the group = Can be substituted with -N=) and (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl Group (naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= May be substituted with -N=) The hydrogen atoms in the groups (a), (b) and (c) may be independently substituted by halogen atoms or cyano groups, and X ⁱⁱ¹ and X ⁱⁱ² each independently represent hydrogen Atom or fluorine atom, m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ each independently represent 0 or 1, m ⁱⁱ¹ +m ⁱⁱ² + m ⁱⁱ³ represent 0 or 1, and there are multiple ^{in A ii1} , A ⁱⁱ³ and/or A ^{ii5 respectively} In the case, these may be the same or different, ^{and when there are multiple Z ii1} , Z ⁱⁱ² and/or Z ii3, these may be the same or different). The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by the general formula (i) is the following general formula (i-1),

(In the general formula (i-1), R ⁱ¹ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -groups in the alkyl group may be independently derived from -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO- substitution, in addition, one or two or more hydrogen atoms present in ^{R i1 can each independently} After being substituted with a fluorine atom, Y ⁱ¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or more non-adjacent two or more of the alkyl groups are -CH ₂ -Can be substituted independently by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-, in addition, 1 or 2 or more existing in ^{Y i1} Hydrogen atoms can be independently substituted with fluorine atoms. X ⁱ¹ to X ⁱ⁷ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom. X ⁱ¹ and X ⁱ² do not together represent a fluorine atom, and X ⁱ³ and X ⁱ⁴ do not together represent a fluorine atom. , X ⁱ⁶ and X ⁱ⁷ do not together represent a fluorine atom, A ⁱ¹ represents a group selected from the group consisting of the following groups (a) to (c), (a) 1,4-cyclohexylene (so said group present in a -CH ₂ - or not adjacent two or more -CH ₂ - may be substituted with -O-), (b) phenyl (the group 1,4 as One -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= can be substituted with -N=) and (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro Naphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl (naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl exists in One -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= can be substituted with -N=) The hydrogen atoms in the group (a), group (b) and group (c) can be independently Substituted by a halogen atom or a cyano group, Z ⁱ³ represents -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -, -C≡C- or single bond, Z ⁱ⁴ represents a single bond or -C≡C-, X ⁱ¹ ～X ⁱ⁷ At least one of is a fluorine atom, or ^{at least one hydrogen atom in A i1} is substituted with a halogen atom or a cyano group, and m ⁱ² represents 0 or 1). The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 or claim 2, further containing one or two or more compounds selected from the following general formula (1a), general formula (1b) and general formula (1c),

(In the general formulas (1a) to (1c), R ¹¹ , R ¹² and R ¹³ each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. One methylene group or two or more methylene groups that are not adjacent to each other may be substituted with -O- or -S-. In addition, one or more of these groups The hydrogen atom may be substituted with a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, and M ¹¹ , M ¹² , M ¹³ , M ¹⁴ , M ¹⁵ and M ¹⁶ each independently represent the following group (a), group (b), or group (d ), (a) trans-1,4-cyclohexylene (one methylene group or two or more methylene groups that are not adjacent to each other in the group may be substituted with -O- Or -S-), (b) 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group can be substituted into -N=), 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, or 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, and (d) 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2. 2] Octyl, piperidine-2,5-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, or decahydronaphthalene-2 ,6-Diyl group, the hydrogen atoms contained in the group (a), group (b) or group (d) can be cyano, fluorine, chlorine, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy, respectively Instead, L ¹¹ , L ¹² , L ¹³ , L ¹⁴ , L ¹⁵ and L ¹⁶ each independently represent a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -(CH ₂ ) ₄ -,- OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ O-, -N=N-, or -C≡C-, p, q, s each independently represent 0, 1 or 2, in When ^{there are multiple M 12} , M ¹⁴ , M ¹⁶ , L ¹¹ , L ¹³ and/or L ¹⁵ , these may be the same or different, X ¹¹ , X ¹² , X ¹³ , X ¹⁴ , X ¹⁵ , X ¹⁶ and X ¹⁷ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, and Y ¹¹ , Y ¹² and Y ¹³ each independently represent a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group (-CN), a cyanothio group (-SCN), and an oxygen cyanide group. Group (-OCN), -C≡C-CN, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, difluoromethoxy, or C1-10 alkane A group or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, one methylene group or two or more methylene groups that are not adjacent to each other in these groups may be substituted with -O- or -S-. In addition, One or two or more hydrogen atoms present in these groups may be substituted with fluorine atoms or chlorine atoms, wherein, from the compound represented by the general formula (1a), the general formula (i) is The represented compound is removed from the general formula (1a), general formula (1b) and general formula (1c). The compound represented by the general formula (ii) is removed from the compound). The liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which contains one or two or more compounds represented by the following general formulas (2a) to (2c),

(In the general formulas (2a) to (2c), R ^2a and R ^2b each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and these may be linear, or may have methyl branches or Ethyl branch can also have a cyclic structure of 3 to 6 members. Any -CH ₂ -in the group can be -O-, -CH=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF= CH-, -CF=CF- or -C≡C- substitution, any hydrogen atom in the group can be substituted by fluorine atom or trifluoromethoxy group, ring A, ring B, ring C and ring D are each independently Represents trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, trans-decahydronaphthalene-trans-2,6-diyl, 1,4-phenylene which can be substituted by 1 to 2 fluorine atoms or methyl groups, can be Naphthalene-2,6-diyl group substituted by one or more fluorine atoms, tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group substituted by one to two fluorine atoms, 1, 4-cyclohexenylene, 1,3-dioxane-trans-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl or pyridine-2,5-diyl, L ^2a , L ^2b and L ^2c is an independent linking group, which represents a single bond, ethylidene (-CH ₂ CH ₂ -), 1,2-propylidene (-CH(CH ₃ )CH ₂ -and -CH ₂ CH(CH ₃ )-), 1,4-butylene, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ O-, -CH=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-,- CF=CF-, -C≡C- or -CH=NN=CH-). The liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein Δn at 589.0 nm is 0.3 or more. A liquid crystal element using the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The liquid crystal element according to claim 6, which is driven in an active matrix method or a passive matrix method. A liquid crystal element that reversibly changes the dielectric constant by reversibly changing the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal composition described in any one of claims 1 to 5. A sensor using the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claim 1 to claim 5. A liquid crystal lens using the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5. An optical communication device using the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claim 1 to claim 5. An antenna using the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The antenna according to claim 12, comprising: a first substrate having a plurality of slits; a second substrate facing the first substrate and provided with a power supply part; a first dielectric layer provided on the first substrate Between the second substrate and the second substrate; a plurality of patch electrodes arranged corresponding to the plurality of slits; a third substrate provided with the patch electrodes; and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first substrate and the Between the third substrates, the liquid crystal layer contains one or two or more compounds represented by the following general formula (i) and one or two or more compounds represented by the following general formula (ii),

(In the general formula (i), R ⁱ¹ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -s in the alkyl group may be independently derived from -CH =CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO- substitution, in addition, one or more hydrogen atoms present in ^{R i1 can be independently substituted} Is a fluorine atom, Y ⁱ¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -in the alkyl group may be Each is independently substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-, in addition, one or more hydrogen atoms present in ^{Y i1} Each independently can be substituted with a fluorine atom, X ⁱ¹ to X ⁱ⁵ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, X ⁱ¹ and X ⁱ² do not represent a fluorine atom together, and X ⁱ³ and X ⁱ⁴ do not represent a fluorine atom together, A ⁱ¹ represents a group selected from the group consisting of the following groups (a) to (c), (a) 1,4-cyclohexylene (1 -CH ₂ -or a combination of the group Two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -can be substituted with -O-), (b) 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two non-adjacent ones in the group The above -CH= can be substituted to -N=) and (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2 ,6-Diyl (naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl contains 1 -CH= or 2 or more that are not adjacent The -CH= can be substituted with -N=) The hydrogen atoms in the group (a), group (b) and group (c) can be independently substituted by a halogen atom or a cyano group, ^{respectively, Z i1} and Z ⁱ² are respectively Independently represent -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -, -C≡C- or single bond, at least one of Z ⁱ¹ or Z ⁱ² represents -C≡C-, and at least one of ^{X i1} to X ^{i5 is a fluorine atom} or a ⁱ¹ at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a halogen atom or a cyano group, m ⁱ¹ represents 1 or 2, the presence of the plurality, the plurality may be identical or different in a ^i1, in the presence of a plurality of Z ⁱ¹ In case, these can be the same or different)

(In the general formula (ii), R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² each independently represent a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one of the alkyl groups may be non-adjacent Two or more -CH ₂ -can be independently replaced by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-, in addition, in R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² The existing one or more hydrogen atoms may be independently substituted with fluorine atoms. R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² do not together represent a substituent selected from a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a cyano group, Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² and Z ⁱⁱ³ each independently represent a single bond, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -or -C≡C-, A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ⁴ and A ⁱⁱ⁵ are independently selected The group consisting of the following groups (a) to (c), (a) 1,4-cyclohexylene (1 -CH _{2-which is present in the group or 2 which} is not adjacent to each other) More than one -CH ₂ -can be substituted into -O-), (b) 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH in the group = Can be substituted with -N=) and (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl Group (naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= May be substituted with -N=) The hydrogen atoms in the groups (a), (b) and (c) may be independently substituted by halogen atoms or cyano groups, and X ⁱⁱ¹ and X ⁱⁱ² each independently represent hydrogen Atom or fluorine atom, m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ each independently represent 0 or 1, m ⁱⁱ¹ +m ⁱⁱ² + m ⁱⁱ³ represent 0 or 1, and there are multiple ^{in A ii1} , A ⁱⁱ³ and/or A ^{ii5 respectively} In the case, these may be the same or different, ^{and when there are multiple Z ii1} , Z ⁱⁱ² and/or Z ii3, these may be the same or different).

Images