TW202109238A - Single firewire power control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a single-firewire power control system, which is connected across a single-fire circuit at an input end and an output end. The single-fire line power control system comprises a low-dropout linear regulator and a switch cut-off module. The low dropout linear regulator is disposed between the input terminal and the output terminal to stabilize a minimum voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal. The switch cutoff module includes a MOSFET switch, a driver, and a voltage feedback control circuit. The voltage feedback control circuit outputs a first control signal to the driver to turn on the MOSFET switch when detecting that the voltage across the input terminal and the output terminal exceeds a reference voltage, and detects the MOSFET When the switch is turned on for more than a predetermined time, a second control signal is output to the driver to turn off the MOSFET switch.

Description

Single live wire power control system

The present invention relates to a single live wire power control system, in particular to a single live wire power control system that can take power from a single live wire and transmit control signals.

The general electronic switching power supply design is mainly to obtain a complete AC power supply through both ends of the live wire and the water line, and then convert the AC to DC to provide the power required for the operation of the electronic switch. Nowadays, most of the house light switches have only one live wire and no water wire, so if you want the electronic switch to get power, you must pull an extra water wire to the switch. This is a very troublesome task, because the extra water line must be routed through the electric tube in the wall. This is a very difficult process when there are already lines in the tube. Another approach is to give up allowing the waterline to run inside the wall and pull the waterline directly from the outside of the wall, but this will cause the outer wall to look very unsightly.

The single live wire technology is mainly to obtain the power supply for the electronic switch work from the live wire and the wire connected to the load, so that there is no need to connect a water wire. The principle is to convert the current flowing through the electronic switch into the required power source. When the switch is turned off, the switch is actually turned on, but because the current is very small, the load (such as a light bulb) will not start. In today's technology, in order to meet the needs of smart homes, many home electronic products must have their own networking functions, that is, Internet of Things (IoT). Most IoT products use RF transmission in applications (such as the current LED lamp control). However, there are still uncertainties in RF transmission. In signal transmission, noise and interference factors caused by the environment must be considered.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a single live wire power control system, which is connected across the single live wire loop at the input and output ends. The single live-wire power control system includes a low-dropout linear regulator and a switch and cut-off module. The low dropout linear regulator is arranged between the input terminal and the output terminal to stabilize the minimum voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal. The switch power cut module includes a semiconductor switch unit arranged between the input terminal and the output terminal, a driver connected to the control terminal of the semiconductor switch unit, and a voltage feedback control circuit connected to the driver. The voltage feedback control circuit outputs a first control signal to the driver to turn on the semiconductor switch unit when it detects that the voltage across the input terminal and the output terminal exceeds a reference voltage, and then detects the When the semiconductor switch unit is turned on for more than a predetermined time, a second control signal is output to the driver to turn off the semiconductor switch unit, so that the low-dropout linear regulator takes power through the input terminal during the turn-off period of the semiconductor switch unit.

Therefore, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the conventional technology:

1. The present invention is equipped with a simple single live wire control structure, which can transmit auxiliary control information on the power line as an auxiliary when the RF control signal fails, thereby increasing the stability of the system.

2. The present invention uses a semiconductor switch unit for switching. Compared with traditional triacs (TRIAC) or unidirectional triacs (SCR), the present invention has the advantage of not needing to maintain current, and can increase system stability, and Since the subsequent stage does not require a bleeding circuit, the efficiency can be further increased.

3. Compared with the traditional architecture, the half-wave method used in the present invention has a simpler driving circuit and a higher efficiency, and the half-wave is operated in the synchronous rectification region in the negative half cycle, which improves the efficiency compared with an external semiconductor.

100‧‧‧Single live wire power control system

10‧‧‧Linear Regulator

11‧‧‧Capacitor

20‧‧‧Switch and cut off module

21‧‧‧Semiconductor switch unit

22‧‧‧Drive

23‧‧‧Voltage feedback control circuit

231‧‧‧Voltage Sensor

232‧‧‧Comparator

233‧‧‧Timer

30‧‧‧Controller

40‧‧‧Encoder

IP‧‧‧Input terminal

OP‧‧‧Output

T1, T2‧‧‧Preset time

200‧‧‧AC power supply

300‧‧‧Loading device

F‧‧‧Single live wire circuit

G‧‧‧Water circuit

Figure 1 is a block diagram (1) of the single live wire power control system of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a block diagram (2) of the single live wire power control system of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the analog waveform in the normal working state of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the analog waveform in the trigger working state of the present invention.

The detailed description and technical content of the present invention will now be described in conjunction with the drawings as follows. Furthermore, the figures in the present invention are not necessarily drawn according to actual proportions for the convenience of description, and these figures and their proportions are not used to limit the scope of the present invention, and are described here first.

Please refer to "Figure 1", which is a block diagram (1) of the single-fire-wire power control system of the present invention. As shown in the figure: the single-fire-wire power control system 100 of the present invention is installed on the indoor power distribution system in conjunction with the input IP and output The terminal OP is connected across the single live wire loop F of the AC power source 200, and is further connected in series to the load device 300 in the rear direction, and then connected to the water wire loop G of the AC power source 200 through the load device 300. The single-fire-wire power control system 100 obtains power from the single-fire-wire circuit F and outputs a control signal to the back-end load device 300 through the semiconductor switch unit 21, thereby achieving the function of control signal transmission through the power distribution circuit.

The following is a description of a specific implementation aspect of the present invention. Please also refer to "Figure 2", which is a block diagram (2) of the single live wire power control system of the present invention, as shown in the figure: single live wire power of this embodiment The control system 100 mainly includes a linear voltage regulator 10, a switch power cut module 20, a controller 30, and an encoder 40.

The linear regulator 10 is arranged between the input terminal IP and the output terminal OP to stabilize the minimum voltage difference between the input terminal IP and the output terminal OP, and to charge the capacitor 11. In a preferred embodiment, the linear regulator 10 may be a low-dropout regulator (LDO), which regulates the output voltage by adjusting the conduction of the transistor by controlling the linear region. In addition to being a low-dropout linear regulator, the linear regulator 10 can also be a constant current charger, a capacitive buck or a resistive shunt, which is not limited in the present invention.

The switch cut-off module 20 mainly controls the activation of the semiconductor switch unit 21. Closed, used to periodically open the connection between the live wire and the load device 300 when the alternating current half-wave zero-crossing value rises, so that the capacitor 11 is intermittently performed during each cycle of the alternating current carrying through the linear regulator 10 Charge, thereby supplying the power required by the controller 30. The switch power cut module 20 mainly includes a semiconductor switch unit 21 arranged between the input terminal IP and the output terminal OP, and a control terminal connected to the semiconductor switch unit 21 (in the implementation of MOSFET, the control A driver 22 whose terminal is the gate of the MOSFET) and a voltage feedback control circuit 23 connected to the driver 22. The switching power cut module 20 can be divided into PMOS type and NMOS type MOSFET switches according to the difference of the semiconductor switch unit 21; in another embodiment, the semiconductor switch unit 21 can also be an insulated gate bipolar circuit. Crystals (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT), Gallium Nitride Field Effect Transistor (GaN MOSFET), Silicon Carbide Field Effect Transistor (SiC MOSFET), etc. are not limited in the present invention.

The controller 30 can be connected to an I/O device, and receive control commands through the human-machine interactive interface. The human-machine interactive interface may be, for example, a physical control switch or a touch panel with an operating panel. Switches, etc., the control commands can be, for example, dimming, color temperature, color and other control commands; in another feasible implementation aspect, the controller 30 can also directly execute the corresponding commands through program programming. In the present invention No restrictions. The controller 30 may be, for example, a central processing unit, a programmable general-purpose or special-purpose microprocessor (Microprocessor), a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), a programmable controller, and a special application integrated body. Circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuits, ASIC), single chip RF systems (RF-SoC) or other similar devices or combinations of these devices are not limited in the present invention. The controller 30 can be configured in cooperation with a storage unit, and the storage unit can be used to store, for example, parameters or fault records. The storage unit may be, for example, an Electronically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), which is not limited in the present invention.

The encoder 40 (encoder) is set at the output of the controller 30 to compile the instructions of the controller 30 into corresponding codes to modulate the output of the driver 22. The encoder 40 In a feasible implementation aspect, the corresponding codes can be searched and output according to the input control commands through the look-up table (LUT); the corresponding settings on the load device side are useful to solve these codes. The decoder can be implemented by a microprocessor (MCU). In another feasible implementation aspect, the encoder 40 can be co-constructed with the controller 30 as a processor, and these hardware integration forms are not within the scope of the present invention.

In the control loop, the voltage feedback control circuit 23 detects the input terminal IP (for example, corresponding to the drain of the semiconductor switch unit 21) and the output terminal OP (for example, corresponds to the source of the semiconductor switch unit 21) The voltage across therebetween is used to switch the semiconductor switch unit 21 to two different operating modes. Specifically, when the voltage feedback control circuit 23 detects that the voltage across the input terminal IP and the output terminal OP exceeds a reference voltage Vref, the voltage feedback control circuit 23 will perform the first operation Mode, output a first control signal to the driver 22 to turn on the semiconductor switch unit 21. At this time, the semiconductor switch unit 21 will switch to the linear region operation mode, and the current can be passed by the semiconductor switch unit 21; when the voltage feedback control When the circuit 23 detects that the semiconductor switch unit 21 is turned on for more than a predetermined time, the voltage feedback control circuit 23 will execute the second working mode and output a second control signal to the driver 22 to turn off the semiconductor switch unit 21. At this time, the semiconductor switch unit 21 will switch to the working mode of the cut-off region, so that the linear regulator 10 receives power through the input terminal IP while the semiconductor switch unit 21 is turned off.

In a specific implementation aspect, the voltage feedback control circuit 23 includes a voltage sensor 231, a comparator 232, and a timer 233 disposed between the comparator 232 and the driver 22. The voltage sensor 231 is mainly used to detect the cross voltage of the input terminal IP and the output terminal OP, and the comparator 232 compares the cross voltage with the reference voltage Vref to output the first control signal. The reference voltage Vref here is used to determine the half-wave trigger threshold. In order to fully charge the capacitor 11, the set value (or lower limit) of the reference voltage Vref can be adjusted higher or lower by the developer according to actual requirements.

The timer 233 will trigger a timing function when receiving the first control signal of the comparator 232 to record the turn-on time of the semiconductor switch unit 21, and output a second control signal when the turn-on time exceeds a preset time To the driver 22 to turn off the semiconductor switch unit 21. The predetermined time is approximately equal to a single cycle of the commercial AC power source minus the rising period of the reference voltage Vref, so as to ensure that the semiconductor switch unit 21 is turned off before the AC zero-crossing value.

The controller 30 is connected or coupled to the switch and cut-off module 20 via the encoder 40. The encoder 40 interprets the control commands output by the controller 30 into two or more reference voltages Vref and outputs them To the switch cut-off module 20.

The controller 30 inputs a control command to the encoder 40, and converts it into a corresponding code through the encoder 40 to control the voltage rising period, so as to transmit the control command through the rising period. In the implementation aspect of the LED, the look-up table of the encoder 40 is as follows:

Among them, △T is the time required for the zero-crossing rising segment to reach the cut-off zone (reference voltage Vref) under normal working conditions, and C ₁ - C ₆ respectively represent the delay signals of different control commands. The delay signal C ₁ - C ₆ transmits the ground control command, and the decoder at the other end interprets and obtains the control command; in another feasible implementation mode, if the reference voltage Vref is not stable enough, C ₁ - C can be changed ₆ as a variable parameter, △ to total cooperation T + C _N is encoded to match the corrected change amount △ T C ₁ - C ₆ at a determined value of the sum of a constant value to ensure the reliability of the signal. It should be noted that the preset time for the timer 233 to turn on the semiconductor switch unit 21 is to be constant and turn off before the period zero crossing value is reached. The preset time will be adjusted in accordance with the delay time.

The following describes the opening and closing time of the semiconductor switch unit 21 in conjunction with the drawings. Please refer to "Figure 3" and "Figure 4" together, which are the schematic diagram of the analog waveform in the normal working state of the present invention and the schematic diagram of the simulated waveform in the trigger working state. , As shown in the figure: As shown in Figure 3, the schematic diagram of the drain-source voltage-time of the semiconductor switch unit 21 is shown from top to bottom in the analog waveform diagram (the vertical axis is the drain-time diagram of the semiconductor switch unit 21). The source voltage V _DS , the horizontal axis is time T), the drain voltage-time diagram of the semiconductor switch unit 21 (the vertical axis is the drain voltage V _D of the semiconductor switch unit 21, the horizontal axis is time T), and the semiconductor switch unit A schematic diagram of the gate-source voltage-time of 21 (the vertical axis is the turn-on voltage V _GS of the semiconductor switch unit 21, and the horizontal axis is the time T).

In the normal working state, from the graph of the relationship between drain-source voltage and time (top figure), it can be seen from the figure that the reference voltage Vref is about 30mV. When the drain-source voltage V _DS reaches the reference voltage At Vref, the voltage feedback control circuit 23 will execute the first working mode, and output a first control signal to the driver 22 to turn on the semiconductor switch unit 21 so that current can pass through the semiconductor switch unit 21. At this time, the drain- The source voltage V _DS returns to zero due to the conduction. The linear regulator 10 can charge the capacitor 11 before reaching the reference voltage Vref during the period ΔT; from the drain voltage-time diagram of the semiconductor switch unit 21 (middle Figure), due to the short trigger time, it will hardly affect the back-end load device 300; from the gate-source voltage-time diagram of the semiconductor switch unit 21 (bottom figure), when the voltage When the feedback control circuit 23 detects that the semiconductor switch unit 21 is turned on for longer than the preset time T1, the voltage feedback control circuit 23 will execute the second working mode and output a second control signal to the driver 22 to turn off the For the semiconductor switch unit 21, at this time, the on-voltage V _GS returns to zero, and the drain-source voltage V _DS is approximately in the rising period of the zero-crossing value of the drain voltage V _D (as shown in the upper and middle diagrams), completing a cycle.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the analog waveform diagram from top to bottom are the drain-source voltage-time diagrams of the semiconductor switch unit 21 (the vertical axis is the drain-source voltage V _DS of the semiconductor switch unit 21, The horizontal axis is time T), the drain voltage-time diagram of the semiconductor switch unit 21 (the vertical axis is the drain voltage V _D of the semiconductor switch unit 21, and the horizontal axis is time T), and the gate-source of the semiconductor switch unit 21 Polar voltage-time diagram (the vertical axis is the conduction voltage V _GS of the semiconductor switch unit 21, and the horizontal axis is the time T).

When the working state is triggered, the controller 30 inputs a control command to the encoder 40, and converts it into a corresponding code through the encoder 40 to control the voltage rise time. As the rise time increases, the drain-source voltage V _DS is also the ultimate voltage rise, during normal operation of 30mV, in the aspect of the present embodiment was triggered state 60mV, 30mV to 60mV during the rise is the controller 30 outputs the delay signal C _N, via △ T + C _N as encoded, i.e., the rear end of the microprocessor via a decoder may interpret such encoded according to obtain a corresponding control command. The preset time for the timer 233 to start the semiconductor switch unit 21 is shortened to the preset time T2 in accordance with the delayed time.

In summary, the present invention is equipped with a simple single live wire control structure, which can transmit auxiliary control information on the power line as an auxiliary when the RF control signal fails, thereby increasing system stability. In addition, the present invention uses a semiconductor switch unit for switching. Compared with traditional triacs (TRIAC) or unidirectional triacs (SCR), the present invention has the advantage of not requiring current to be maintained, and can increase system stability, and Since the subsequent stage does not require a bleeding circuit, the efficiency can be further increased. In addition, compared with the traditional architecture, the half-wave method used in the present invention has a simpler driving circuit and a higher efficiency, and the half-wave is operated in the synchronous rectification region in the negative half cycle, which improves the efficiency compared to an external semiconductor.

The present invention has been described in detail above, but what has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should not be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention, that is, everything made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention is equal Changes and modifications should still fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

100‧‧‧Single live wire power control system

10‧‧‧Linear Regulator

11‧‧‧Capacitor

20‧‧‧Switch and cut off module

21‧‧‧Semiconductor switch unit

22‧‧‧Drive

23‧‧‧Voltage feedback control circuit

231‧‧‧Voltage Sensor

232‧‧‧Comparator

233‧‧‧Timer

30‧‧‧Controller

40‧‧‧Encoder

IP‧‧‧Input terminal

OP‧‧‧Output

Claims (5)

A single live wire power control system is connected across a single live wire loop at the input end and the output end. The single live wire power control system includes: a linear regulator arranged between the input end and the output end to stabilize the input The minimum voltage difference between the output terminal and the output terminal; and a switch cut-off module, including a semiconductor switch unit arranged between the input terminal and the output terminal, a driver connected to the control terminal of the semiconductor switch unit, and A voltage feedback control circuit connected to the driver. The voltage feedback control circuit outputs a first control signal to the driver to turn on when it detects that the voltage across the input terminal and the output terminal exceeds a reference voltage The semiconductor switch unit outputs a second control signal to the driver to turn off the semiconductor switch unit when it is detected that the semiconductor switch unit is turned on for more than a predetermined time, so that the linear regulator is regulated during the turn-off period of the semiconductor switch unit The device gets power through this input terminal. For example, the single live wire power control system described in claim 1, wherein the voltage feedback control circuit includes a voltage sensor and a comparator, and the voltage sensor is used to detect the input terminal and the output The comparator compares the cross voltage with the reference voltage to output the first control signal. For the single live wire power control system described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the voltage feedback control circuit includes a timer arranged between the comparator and the driver, and the timer is The first control signal starts a timer function to record the turn-on time of the semiconductor switch unit, and when the turn-on time exceeds The second control signal is output to the driver at the preset time to turn off the semiconductor switch unit. For the single live-wire power control system described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, the preset time is approximately equal to a single cycle of the AC power source minus the rising period of the reference voltage. For example, the single-fire-wire power control system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application further includes a controller and an encoder. The controller is connected or coupled to the switch power-cutting module via the encoder. The device compiles the control command output by the controller into two or more reference voltages and outputs it to the switch and cut-off module.

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