TW202023719A - End mill and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
End mill and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TW202023719A TW202023719A TW108134245A TW108134245A TW202023719A TW 202023719 A TW202023719 A TW 202023719A TW 108134245 A TW108134245 A TW 108134245A TW 108134245 A TW108134245 A TW 108134245A TW 202023719 A TW202023719 A TW 202023719A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/18—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with cutting bits or tips or cutting inserts rigidly mounted, e.g. by brazing
- B23B27/20—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with cutting bits or tips or cutting inserts rigidly mounted, e.g. by brazing with diamond bits or cutting inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
- B23C5/1009—Ball nose end mills
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
- B23P15/34—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools milling cutters
Abstract
Description
發明領域 本發明是涉及端銑刀及其製造方法。Invention field The invention relates to an end mill and a manufacturing method thereof.
發明背景 端銑刀是作為切割工具之1種而廣為人知。代表性而言,端銑刀是具有以旋轉軸為中心旋轉之主體、及安裝在該主體表面之切割刀刃。 先行技術文獻Background of the invention The end mill is widely known as one of the cutting tools. Typically, an end mill has a main body that rotates around a rotating shaft and a cutting blade mounted on the surface of the main body. Advanced technical literature
專利文獻 專利文獻1:日本特開2016-182658號公報Patent literature Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-182658
發明概要 發明欲解決之課題 雖然端銑刀之刃物材質有很多,但本發明人們是檢討使用燒結鑽石刀刃來作為切割刀刃之磨耗對策。雖然通常之端銑刀是對一體之金屬進行削減而刃物成形,但燒結鑽石刀刃是難以藉由削減來形成刀刃,需要另外地安裝到端銑刀之主體。 隨著用途不同,有時會要求小徑(例如外徑低於10mm)之端銑刀。如此之小徑之端銑刀常常發生如下之情況:無法在主體充分地確保用於安裝切割刀刃之安裝面,而難以將切割刀刃安裝於主體。再者,當使用複數個切割刀刃的情況下,切割刀刃之往主體安裝、及、強度與耐久性之確保往往更加困難。Summary of the invention Problems to be solved by the invention Although there are many materials for the blades of end mills, the present inventors are reviewing the use of sintered diamond blades as a countermeasure for cutting blade wear. Although the usual end mill is to cut a single piece of metal to form the blade, it is difficult to form the blade by cutting the sintered diamond blade, and it needs to be installed separately in the body of the end mill. Depending on the application, end mills with a small diameter (for example, an outer diameter of less than 10mm) are sometimes required. Such small-diameter end mills often have the following situation: the main body cannot sufficiently ensure the installation surface for installing the cutting blade, and it is difficult to install the cutting blade on the main body. Furthermore, when a plurality of cutting blades are used, it is often more difficult to install the cutting blades to the main body, and to ensure strength and durability.
本發明是為了解決上述習知之課題而建構之發明,其主要目的是提供如下之端銑刀、及其之簡便的製造方法:雖然為小徑,但複數個切割刀刃仍可良好地安裝於主體,且強度及耐久性佳。 用以解決課題之手段The present invention is an invention constructed in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. Its main purpose is to provide the following end mill and a simple manufacturing method: Although it has a small diameter, a plurality of cutting blades can be installed on the main body well. , And good strength and durability. Means to solve the problem
本發明之端銑刀具有:主體,設有複數個埋入部且以旋轉軸為中心旋轉;複數個切割刀刃,分別埋入於該複數個埋入部來固定且作為最外徑而構成。該切割刀刃包含有燒結鑽石,該切割刀刃之螺旋角為0°,外徑低於10mm。該切割刀刃是以該切割刀刃之延長線不通過該旋轉軸的方式,埋入於該埋入部並固定。 在1個實施形態,上述切割刀刃是以規定出預定角度之斜角的方式而埋入於上述埋入部並固定。 在1個實施形態,在上述主體形成基準面,上述基準面是朝相對於上述切割刀刃之延伸方向形成上述預定角度的方向延伸。 在1個實施形態,在上述主體形成埋入面,上述埋入面是朝與上述基準面之延伸方向交叉的方向延伸。 在1個實施形態,在上述主體形成埋入面,上述埋入面是朝相對於與上述基準面之延伸方向正交之方向形成上述預定角度的方向延伸。 在1個實施形態,上述切割刀刃是以與上述埋入面正交的方式而埋入於上述埋入部並固定。 在1個實施形態,上述主體是當從上述旋轉軸方向觀看時,上述埋入部之旋轉方向上游側比該埋入部之旋轉方向下游側還要突出。 在1個實施形態,上述切割刀刃具有以超硬材料構成之基部、及設在該基部之其中一面之燒結鑽石層。 在1個實施形態,上述埋入部的深度為0.30mm~1.50mm。 在1個實施形態,上述複數個埋入部是設置在相對於上述旋轉軸對稱之位置。 根據本發明之另一布局,可提供上述端銑刀之製造方法。此製造方法包含以下步驟:將上述切割刀刃埋入於上述主體之上述埋入部;及在將該切割刀刃埋入於該埋入部之狀態下,藉由真空硬焊或高週波硬焊而將該切割刀刃固定於該埋入部。 在1個實施形態,上述切割刀刃是具有以超硬材料構成之基部、及設在該基部之其中一面之燒結鑽石層,上述製造方法是將該基部及該燒結鑽石層雙方藉由真空硬焊而固定於上述埋入部。 在另一實施形態,上述切割刀刃是以燒結鑽石構成,上述製造方法是將該燒結鑽石藉由真空硬焊而固定於上述埋入部。 發明效果The end mill of the present invention has a main body provided with a plurality of embedded parts and rotates around a rotating shaft; a plurality of cutting blades are respectively embedded in the plurality of embedded parts to be fixed, and are configured as the outermost diameter. The cutting blade contains sintered diamond, the helix angle of the cutting blade is 0°, and the outer diameter is less than 10 mm. The cutting blade is embedded in the embedded part and fixed in such a way that the extension line of the cutting blade does not pass through the rotating shaft. In one embodiment, the cutting blade is embedded in the embedded portion and fixed so as to define a bevel of a predetermined angle. In one embodiment, a reference surface is formed in the main body, and the reference surface extends in a direction that forms the predetermined angle with respect to the extending direction of the cutting blade. In one embodiment, an embedded surface is formed in the main body, and the embedded surface extends in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the reference surface. In one embodiment, an embedded surface is formed in the main body, and the embedded surface extends in a direction that forms the predetermined angle with respect to a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the reference surface. In one embodiment, the cutting blade is embedded in the embedded portion and fixed so as to be orthogonal to the embedded surface. In one embodiment, when the main body is viewed from the direction of the rotation axis, the upstream side in the rotation direction of the embedded portion protrudes more than the downstream side in the rotation direction of the embedded portion. In one embodiment, the cutting blade has a base made of a superhard material, and a sintered diamond layer provided on one side of the base. In one embodiment, the depth of the embedded portion is 0.30 mm to 1.50 mm. In one embodiment, the plurality of embedded portions are provided at symmetrical positions with respect to the rotation axis. According to another layout of the present invention, a manufacturing method of the above-mentioned end mill can be provided. This manufacturing method includes the following steps: embedding the cutting blade in the embedded part of the main body; and in the state of embedding the cutting blade in the embedded part, by vacuum brazing or high frequency brazing The cutting blade is fixed to the embedded part. In one embodiment, the cutting blade has a base made of a superhard material and a sintered diamond layer provided on one side of the base. The manufacturing method described above is that both the base and the sintered diamond layer are vacuum brazed And fixed to the above-mentioned embedded part. In another embodiment, the cutting blade is made of sintered diamond, and the manufacturing method is to fix the sintered diamond to the embedded portion by vacuum brazing. Invention effect
根據本發明,在小徑之端銑刀,於主體設有埋入部且將切割刀刃埋入於該埋入部來固定,藉此,可實現切割刀刃良好地安裝於主體、且強度及耐久性佳之端銑刀。再者,以切割刀刃之延長線不通過旋轉軸的方式,將切割刀刃埋入於埋入部並固定,藉此,可更加提升強度及耐久性。結果,即便是使用複數個切割刀刃,亦可實現如上述般之優良之端銑刀。According to the present invention, an end mill with a small diameter is provided with an embedded part in the main body and the cutting blade is embedded in the embedded part for fixing, whereby the cutting blade can be installed in the main body with good strength and durability. End mills. Furthermore, the cutting blade is embedded in the embedded part and fixed in such a way that the extension line of the cutting blade does not pass through the rotating shaft, thereby further enhancing the strength and durability. As a result, even if a plurality of cutting blades are used, an excellent end mill as described above can be realized.
用以實施發明之形態 雖然以下是參考圖面來說明本發明之具體實施形態,但本發明並非限定於該等實施形態。另,為了易於觀看而令圖面是示意地表示,且圖面中之長度、寬、厚度等之比例、及角度等是不同於實際。The form used to implement the invention Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In addition, the drawings are shown schematically for easy viewing, and the ratios and angles of length, width, thickness, etc. in the drawings are different from actual ones.
A.端銑刀
圖1(a)是用於說明本發明之1個實施形態之端銑刀之構造的從軸方向觀看之概略平面圖;圖1(b)是圖1(a)之端銑刀的概略立體圖。圖示例之端銑刀100具有:主體20,以朝鉛直方向(工件之積層方向,工件是積層著光學薄膜之切割對象物,詳細是後述)延伸之旋轉軸22為中心旋轉;切割刀刃10,從主體20突出且作為最外徑而構成。關於端銑刀,代表性而言是直柄端銑刀。在本發明之實施形態,於主體20設有埋入部24,切割刀刃10是埋入於埋入部24來固定於主體20。如果是如此之構成,則即便端銑刀是小徑而難以在主體表面充分地確保切割刀刃之安裝面,亦可將切割刀刃良好地安裝在主體。所以,可實際製作具有實用上可容許之切割能力之小徑端銑刀。再者,可實現強度及耐久性佳之端銑刀。在本發明之實施形態,於主體20設有複數個埋入部24,切割刀刃10是分別埋入於該複數個埋入部24來固定。雖然在圖示例是設置2個埋入部24、24,但亦可以設置3個以上的埋入部。亦即,切割刀刃之數量可以是2枚,亦可以是3枚以上。再者,本發明之實施形態是除了上述構成之外,還令切割刀刃10以切割刀刃10之延長線不通過旋轉軸22的方式,埋入於埋入部24並固定。如果是如此之構成,則與以切割刀刃之延長線會通過旋轉軸的方式來形成埋入部之構成相比,可令埋入部的相互距離(實質上是埋入部之深部的相互距離)變大。結果,可更加提升主體20之強度及耐久性,最終而言,可更加提升端銑刀之強度及耐久性。結果,即便是使用複數個切割刀刃,亦可實現如上述般之優良之端銑刀。另,在本說明書中,「切割刀刃之延長線」是指在切割刀刃之厚度方向之中點朝切割刀刃之長度方向延伸之線(圖1(a)之線E)。A. End mill
Fig. 1(a) is a schematic plan view from the axial direction for explaining the structure of an end mill of one embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1(b) is a schematic perspective view of the end mill of Fig. 1(a). The
如上述,埋入部24是設有複數個,可對應於埋入部24之數量來設定切割刀刃10之數量。埋入部宜設置2處~4處,更宜設置2處~3處。亦即,端銑刀之切割刀刃之數量宜為2枚~4枚,更宜為2枚~3枚。如果是如此之構成,由於可適切地確保切割刀刃間之間隔,故可良好地排出切割屑。較佳者是令刀刃數為2枚。如果是如此之構成,則可確保切割刀刃之剛性、且、確保屑穴而良好地排出切割屑。上述複數個埋入部宜設置在相對於旋轉軸22對稱之位置。如果是如此之構成,則可能不但實現良好之切割還令端銑刀之強度及耐久性更加提升。另,當端銑刀之切割刀刃為2枚的情況下,例如在端銑刀之主體之周方向相離約180°而配置。當端銑刀之切割刀刃為3枚的情況下,例如在端銑刀之主體之周方向隔約120°而配置。As mentioned above, there are a plurality of embedded
在圖示例,埋入部24之深度d宜為0.30mm~1.50mm,更宜為0.30mm~1.00mm,更加宜為0.30mm~0.70mm。如果埋入部之深度是在如此之範圍內,則可確保切割刀刃對主體固定之強度及主體本身之強度雙方。當埋入部之深度低於0.30mm的情況下,可能會有切割刀刃對主體固定之強度不充分的情形。當埋入部之深度超過低於1.50mm的情況下,可能會有主體本身之強度不充分的情形。In the example shown in the figure, the depth d of the embedded
在本發明之實施形態,切割刀刃10之螺旋角是0°。如果是如此之構成,則可良好地進行後述之光學薄膜之切割。更詳細而言,使用具有螺旋角之切割刀刃來切割(例如,異形加工或非直線加工)的情況下,有時切割面會變成從橫方向看起來呈錐狀,於是,藉由使用螺旋角為0°之切割刀刃,可抑制切割面變成錐狀之情形。在此,異形加工是指例如將光學薄膜加工成矩形以外之形狀。尤其,在使用小徑之端銑刀來在光學薄膜進行微細之非直線加工(異形加工)的情況下可獲得顯著之效果。另,在本說明書中,「螺旋角為0°」是指切割刀刃10朝與旋轉軸22實質上平行之方向延伸,換句話說,刀刃並未相對於旋轉軸呈螺旋。另,「0°」是指實質上為0°,因為加工誤差等而有少許角度螺旋的情況亦包含在內。In the embodiment of the present invention, the helix angle of the
在本發明之實施形態,端銑刀之外徑低於10mm,宜為3mm~9mm,更宜為4mm~7mm。根據本發明之實施形態,可實際製作具有如此小的外徑、且、具有實用上可容許之切割能力之端銑刀。結果,例如,在使用如此小徑之端銑刀而進行之微細之非直線加工(異形加工)中,可良好地抑制光學薄膜之龜裂及變黃,並且,當光學薄膜具有接著層的情況下,可良好地抑制端部之膠因加工而缺少之情形。另,在本說明中,「端銑刀之外徑」是指從旋轉軸22至刃尖10a為止之距離的2倍。In the embodiment of the present invention, the outer diameter of the end mill is less than 10mm, preferably 3mm-9mm, more preferably 4mm-7mm. According to the embodiment of the present invention, an end mill with such a small outer diameter and practically allowable cutting ability can be actually manufactured. As a result, for example, in the fine non-linear processing (profile processing) using such a small diameter end mill, cracking and yellowing of the optical film can be well suppressed, and when the optical film has an adhesive layer Bottom, can well suppress the lack of end glue due to processing. In addition, in this description, the "outer diameter of the end mill" means twice the distance from the rotating
切割刀刃10代表性而言是包含有刃尖10a、斜面10b、間隙面10c。可藉由斜面10b與主體20而規定屑穴30。刃尖10a可以是如圖示例般地銳利(例如,亦可以是在俯視下具有銳角之頂點),亦可以是平坦。間隙面10c之俯視形狀可以是如圖示例般之直線狀,亦可以是彎折狀(亦可以是具有2個間隙面)、亦可以是滑順之曲線狀。間隙面10c宜經過粗面化處理。粗面化處理可以是採用任意之適切之處理。可舉噴砂處理來作為代表例。藉由在間隙面施加粗面化處理,即便對光學薄膜進行切割加工時該光學薄膜含有接著層(例如接著劑層、黏著劑層),亦可抑制接著劑或黏著劑附著於切割刀刃之情形,結果,可抑制沾黏(blocking)。在本說明書,「沾黏」是指當光學薄膜含有接著層的情況下,工件之光學薄膜以端面之接著劑或黏著劑而互相接著之現象,附著於端面之接著劑或黏著劑之削屑促進了光學薄膜之互相接著。The
切割刀刃10可以是如圖示例般地以規定出預定角度之斜角α的方式而埋入於埋入部24並固定,亦可以是以令斜角成為0°(切割刀刃延伸之方向與主體之直徑方向平行)的方式而埋入於埋入部24並固定。當如圖示例般地規定出斜角的情況下,斜角α宜為5°~45°,更宜為5°~30°。如果斜角α是在如此之範圍內,則可擔保刀刃之銳利、適切地抑制切割加工時之抵抗、且可令屑穴30作為適切之大小而良好地排出切割屑。結果,當對光學薄膜進行切割加工的情況下,可良好地抑制光學薄膜之龜裂及變黃,並且,當光學薄膜具有接著層的情況下,可良好地抑制端部之膠因加工而缺少之情形。另,若斜角α過大,則可能會有切割刀刃難以安裝至主體的情形。切割刀刃10之間隙角β宜為5°~30°,更宜為5°~25°。如果間隙角β是在如此之範圍內,則可防止間隙面10c與工件200之接觸,而可適切地抑制切割加工時之抵抗。再者,可防止刃尖角γ變得過小。結果,當對光學薄膜進行切割加工的情況下,可良好地抑制光學薄膜之龜裂及變黃,並且,當光學薄膜具有接著層的情況下,可良好地抑制端部之膠因加工而缺少之情形。此外,可增大切割刀刃之壽命。切割刀刃10之刃尖角γ宜為45°以上,更宜為55°以上。如果刃尖角γ是在如此之範圍內,則可增大切割刀刃之壽命。考慮到斜角α及間隙角β,刃尖角γ宜低於85°,更宜為80°以下,更加宜為75°以下。另,在本說明書中,「斜角α」是由連結刃尖10a與旋轉軸22之直線、以及斜面10b構成的角度;「間隙角β」是由工件200之切割面以及間隙面10c構成的角度;「刃尖角γ」是以刃尖10a作為頂點而規定的角度,是從式子:90°-斜角α-間隙角β來算出的角度。The
在本發明之實施形態,切割刀刃10包含有燒結鑽石。如果是如此之構成,則可良好地進行如上述般之使用小徑之端銑刀而進行之微細之非直線加工(異形加工)。更詳細而言,切割刀刃10可以是以燒結鑽石構成(可以是實質上由燒結鑽石而成),亦可以是如圖示例般地包含有燒結鑽石而構成。在圖示例中,切割刀刃10具有以超硬材料構成之基部11、及、設在基部11之其中一面(端銑刀之旋轉方向R之下游側之面)之燒結鑽石層12。燒結鑽石層12之表面是成為切割刀刃之斜面10b。如果是圖示例之構成,則切割刀刃之加工及切出會容易。再者,在圖示例,設置埋入部之效果會變得顯著。詳細是如下所述。要將如此之積層構造之切割刀刃安裝於主體的情況下,代表性而言是藉由硬焊來進行安裝,於是,由於積層構造,基部側與燒結鑽石層側的熱收縮性不同。結果,以硬焊進行安裝時,往往會於切割刀刃發生翹曲,切割刀刃難以安裝到主體。根據本發明之實施形態,由於是在將切割刀刃埋入於主體之埋入部之狀態下進行固定,故即便於切割刀刃發生翹曲,亦可能安裝。In the embodiment of the present invention, the
在圖示例中,基部11之厚度可以是例如0.2mm~2.0mm。關於構成基部11之超硬材料,代表性而言,可以是超硬合金。關於超硬合金,代表性而言,是指將元素週期表IVa、Va、VIa族金屬之碳化物以Fe、Co、Ni等之鐵系金屬燒結而成之複合材料。關於超硬合金之具體例,可以是WC-Co系合金、WC-TiC-Co系合金、 WC-TaC-Co系合金、 WC-TiC-TaC-Co系合金、WC-Ni系合金、WC-Ni-Cr系合金。燒結鑽石層12之厚度可以是例如0.5mm~1.5mm。關於構成燒結鑽石層12之燒結鑽石,代表性而言,是將小粒之鑽石與黏結劑(例如金屬粉、陶瓷粉)一起以高溫/高壓而燒成塊之多結晶鑽石。可藉由改變黏結劑之種類及混合比例等而調整燒結鑽石之特性。In the illustrated example, the thickness of the base 11 may be, for example, 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm. Regarding the superhard material constituting the
切割刀刃10宜為沿著主體20之長度方向(旋轉軸方向)無接縫之一體物。藉由令切割刀刃為無接縫之一體物,切割能力、強度及耐久性可更加提升。切割刀刃之旋轉軸方向的長度宜為15mm以上,更宜為20mm~50mm。由於如果是如此之長度,則當對光學薄膜進行切割加工的情況下,可對積層有想要之枚數之光學薄膜的工件進行切割加工,故可提升切割加工之效率。The
以下,說明本發明之變形例中之幾個代表例。Hereinafter, some representative examples of the modified examples of the present invention will be described.
圖2(a)是用於說明本發明之其他實施形態之端銑刀之構造的從軸方向觀看之概略平面圖。圖示例之端銑刀101是在主體20形成有基準面26。基準面20是朝相對於切割刀刃10之延伸方向形成上述預定角度(斜角α之角度)的方向延伸。換句話說,基準面20是朝與將刃尖10a、旋轉軸22連結之直線實質上平行之方向延伸。藉由形成基準面26,能以基準面26作為基準而容易設定埋入部24之方向,故結果是切割刀刃之斜角之設定變得容易。另,雖然於圖2(a)是在主體20之2個側面形成基準面26,但基準面26亦可以是僅在其中一側面形成。Fig. 2(a) is a schematic plan view from the axial direction for explaining the structure of an end mill of another embodiment of the present invention. The
圖2(b)及圖2(c)分別是用於說明本發明之更其他實施形態之端銑刀之構造的從軸方向觀看之概略平面圖。圖示例之端銑刀102及103分別在主體20更形成有埋入面28。埋入面28是平坦面,在該平坦面形成埋入部24。埋入面28代表性而言是形成在與基準面之延伸方向交叉之方向。埋入面28例如可以是如圖2(b)所示地朝與基準面之延伸方向正交之方向延伸而形成;亦可以是如圖2(c)所示地朝相對於與基準面之延伸方向正交之方向形成上述預定角度(斜角α之角度)之方向延伸而形成;亦可以是朝相對於基準面之延伸方向規定出任意之適切角度之方向延伸而形成(未圖示)。藉由形成埋入面28,可在平坦面形成埋入部24,故埋入部之形成及切割刀刃之往埋入部之埋入變得容易。再者,藉由採用如圖2(c)所示之構成,只要形成朝與埋入面28正交之方向延伸之埋入部24,將切割刀刃10以與埋入面28正交的方式埋入,即可自動地實現想要之斜角。所以,切割刀刃之往埋入部之埋入變得非常容易,且,切割刀刃之斜角之設定變得非常容易。Fig. 2(b) and Fig. 2(c) are schematic plan views from the axial direction for explaining the structure of the end mill of still another embodiment of the present invention. The
圖2(d)是用於說明本發明之其他實施形態之端銑刀之構造的從軸方向觀看之概略平面圖。在圖示例之端銑刀104,主體20從旋轉軸方向看起來,埋入部24之旋轉方向R之上游側的部分20u比下游側的部分20d還突出。如果是如此之構成,則可更加良好地排出切割屑。埋入部之旋轉方向上游側的深度d1宜為0.50mm~1.50mm,更宜為0.50mm~1.00mm。埋入部之旋轉方向下游側的深度d2宜為0.30mm~1.25mm,更宜為0.30mm~0.75mm。如果d1及d2為如此之範圍,則可在實現上述之優良之切割屑排出性之同時,確保切割刀刃對主體之固定強度及主體本身之強度雙方。d1與d2的比值d1/d2宜為1.20~1.67,更宜為1.33~1.67。如果比值d1/d2在如此之範圍內,則具有如下之優點:成為更容易承受積載之光學薄膜加工的切割條件之構造。Fig. 2(d) is a schematic plan view from the axial direction for explaining the structure of an end mill of another embodiment of the present invention. In the
可將上述之實施形態適切地予以組合。例如,亦可以如圖2(e)所示地將圖2(d)之實施形態與斜角為0°之實施形態組合;亦可以將圖2(a)、圖2(b)或圖2(c)之實施形態與斜角為0°之實施形態組合。又例如,關於圖2(a)~圖2(e)之實施形態,亦可以分別改成切割刀刃之刀刃數為3枚(埋入部為3處),亦可以分別改成切割刀刃之刀刃數為4枚以上(埋入部為4處以上)。上述之實施形態之舉例顯示以外之適切之組合亦包含於本發明是自不在話下。The above-mentioned embodiments can be appropriately combined. For example, as shown in Fig. 2(e), the embodiment of Fig. 2(d) can be combined with the embodiment of the oblique angle of 0°; Fig. 2(a), Fig. 2(b) or Fig. 2 can also be combined (c) The embodiment is combined with the embodiment with the oblique angle of 0°. For another example, regarding the embodiment of Fig. 2(a)~Fig. 2(e), the number of cutting blades can be changed to 3 (the embedded part is 3), or the number of cutting blades can be changed to the number of cutting blades. 4 or more (4 or more embedded parts). Appropriate combinations other than the examples of the above-mentioned embodiments are also included in the present invention.
B.端銑刀之製造方法
上述A項所記載之端銑刀的製造方法包含以下步驟:將切割刀刃10埋入於主體20之埋入部24;及在將切割刀刃10埋入於埋入部24之狀態下,藉由真空硬焊或高週波硬焊而將切割刀刃10固定於埋入部24。以下,簡單地說明。B. Manufacturing method of end mill
The manufacturing method of the end mill described in the above item A includes the following steps: embedding the
首先,製作主體。主體可以是藉由以下而製作:例如,以業界周知之方法,將以業界周知之粉末冶金法獲得之燒結體加工成圓柱形狀。接著,在主體形成埋入部。埋入部可以是藉由任意之適切之方法而形成。關於形成方法之具體例,有雷射加工、切割加工。另一方面,製作切割刀刃。當要製作具有以超硬材料構成之基部、及設在該基部之其中一面之燒結鑽石層的切割刀刃的情況下,切割刀刃可以是藉由以下之過程而製作:首先,從具有基部與燒結鑽石層之母材切出預定形狀之切割刀刃形成片。切出是例如藉由放電加工或雷射加工而進行。接著,對獲得之切割刀刃形成片之基部進行切割而令厚度變小至預定厚度,藉此,獲得切割刀刃。當切割刀刃是以燒結鑽石構成的情況下,可以藉由對燒結鑽石之母材進行切割加工而獲得切割刀刃。First, make the main body. The main body can be manufactured by, for example, processing a sintered body obtained by a powder metallurgy method known in the industry into a cylindrical shape by a method known in the industry. Next, an embedded part is formed in the main body. The embedded part can be formed by any appropriate method. Specific examples of the forming method include laser processing and cutting processing. On the other hand, make a cutting blade. When a cutting blade with a base made of superhard material and a sintered diamond layer provided on one side of the base is to be produced, the cutting blade can be made by the following process: First, from having the base and sintering The base material of the diamond layer cuts a cutting blade of a predetermined shape to form a sheet. Cutting out is performed by, for example, electrical discharge machining or laser machining. Then, the base portion of the obtained cutting blade forming sheet is cut to reduce the thickness to a predetermined thickness, thereby obtaining a cutting blade. When the cutting blade is made of sintered diamond, the cutting blade can be obtained by cutting the base material of the sintered diamond.
接著,將如上述般地獲得之切割刀刃埋入(代表性而言,將切割刀刃插入埋入部)如上述般地形成之埋入部。最後,在將切割刀刃埋入於埋入部之狀態下,將切割刀刃固定於埋入部。具體而言,切割刀刃可以是藉由真空硬焊或高週波硬焊而固定於埋入部。即便為包含有燒結鑽石之切割刀刃,真空硬焊亦可將其良好地固定於主體(埋入部)。這是因為,由於可將硬焊時之殘留氧及水分去除,故可將主體表面之氧化膜破壞且防止氧化膜之再生,因此,可增大主體表面之可濕性。高週波硬焊是可在低溫下加工。另,當切割刀刃具有基部與燒結鑽石層的情況下,令基部及燒結鑽石層雙方固定於主體(埋入部);當切割刀刃是以燒結鑽石構成的情況下,令燒結鑽石固定於主體(埋入部)。Next, the cutting blade obtained as described above is embedded (typically, the cutting blade is inserted into the embedded portion) in the embedded portion formed as described above. Finally, in a state where the cutting blade is embedded in the embedded part, the cutting blade is fixed to the embedded part. Specifically, the cutting blade may be fixed to the embedded part by vacuum brazing or high frequency brazing. Even if it is a cutting blade containing sintered diamond, vacuum brazing can well fix it to the main body (embedded part). This is because, since the residual oxygen and moisture during brazing can be removed, the oxide film on the surface of the main body can be destroyed and the regeneration of the oxide film can be prevented. Therefore, the wettability of the main body surface can be increased. High-frequency brazing can be processed at low temperatures. In addition, when the cutting blade has a base and a sintered diamond layer, both the base and the sintered diamond layer are fixed to the main body (embedded part); when the cutting blade is made of sintered diamond, the sintered diamond is fixed to the main body (embedded). Into Department).
C.端銑刀之使用方法 上述A項及B項所記載之端銑刀代表性而言是適合用於光學薄膜之製造方法。該製造方法宜包含對光學薄膜之端面進行切割加工。C. How to use the end mill The end mills described in the above items A and B are typically suitable for manufacturing methods of optical films. The manufacturing method preferably includes cutting the end surface of the optical film.
關於光學薄膜之具體例,有偏振器、相位差薄膜、偏光板(代表性而言是偏振器與保護薄膜的積層體)、觸控面板用之導電性薄膜、表面處理薄膜、以及、因應目的而將這些適切地積層之積層體(例如防止反射用之圓偏光板、觸控面板用之附導電層之偏光板)。在1個實施形態中,光學薄膜是含有接著層(例如接著劑層、黏著劑層)。藉由使用本發明之實施形態之端銑刀,即便是含有接著層之光學薄膜,亦可抑制切割加工造成之膠缺少。Specific examples of optical films include polarizers, retardation films, polarizers (typically, a laminate of polarizers and protective films), conductive films for touch panels, surface treatment films, and, depending on the purpose And these laminated body (for example, circular polarizing plate for anti-reflection, polarizing plate with conductive layer for touch panel) are laminated appropriately. In one embodiment, the optical film contains an adhesive layer (for example, an adhesive layer, an adhesive layer). By using the end mill of the embodiment of the present invention, even if it is an optical film containing an adhesive layer, the lack of glue due to cutting processing can be suppressed.
以下,說明採用附黏著劑層之偏光板來作為光學薄膜之一例的情況下之製造方法。具體而言是說明如圖3所示之平面形狀之附黏著劑層之偏光板之製造方法的各步驟。另,對業者而言,當然可明白光學薄膜並非限定於附黏著劑層之偏光板、及、附黏著劑層之偏光板之平面形狀並非限定於圖3之平面形狀。亦即,本發明之實施形態之端銑刀可適用於任意形狀之任意之光學薄膜之製造方法。Hereinafter, the manufacturing method in the case of using a polarizing plate with an adhesive layer as an example of the optical film will be described. Specifically, each step of the method of manufacturing a polarizing plate with an adhesive layer in a planar shape as shown in FIG. 3 will be explained. In addition, for the industry, it is of course understood that the optical film is not limited to the polarizer with the adhesive layer, and the planar shape of the polarizer with the adhesive layer is not limited to the planar shape of FIG. 3. That is, the end mill of the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to any method of manufacturing any optical film of any shape.
C-1.工件之形成
圖4是用於說明光學薄膜之切割加工的概略立體圖,在本圖顯示著工件200。如圖4所示,形成了重疊有複數枚光學薄膜(附黏著劑層之偏光板)之工件200。由於附黏著劑層之偏光板可以是藉由業界周知慣用之方法而製造,故省略該製造方法之詳細說明。在工件形成時,附黏著劑層之偏光板代表性而言是已切斷成任意之適切之形狀。具體而言,附黏著劑層之偏光板可以是已切斷成矩形形狀,亦可以是已切斷成類似矩形形狀之形狀,亦可以是已切斷成對應目的之適切之形狀(例如圓形)。在圖示例,附黏著劑層之偏光板是已切斷成矩形形狀,工件200具有互相對向之外周面(切割面)200a、200b、以及、與這些正交之外周面(切割面)200c、200d。工件200宜藉由夾持手段(未圖示)而從上下被夾持。工件之總厚度宜為10mm~50mm,更宜為15mm~25mm,更加宜為約20mm。如果是如此之厚度,則可防止因為夾持手段之緊壓或切割加工時之衝擊而造成損傷。附黏著劑層之偏光板是以令工件成為如此之總厚度的方式而重疊。構成工件之附黏著劑層之偏光板的枚數可以是例如20枚~100枚。夾持手段(例如治具)可以是以軟質材料而構成,亦可以是以硬質材料而構成。當以軟質材料構成的情況下,其硬度(JIS A)宜為60°~80°。若硬度過高,可能會殘留有夾持手段造成之壓痕。若硬度過低,可能因為治具之變形而發生位置偏移,切割精度變得不充分。C-1. Formation of workpiece
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view for explaining the cutting process of the optical film, and the
C-2.端銑刀加工
接著,藉由端銑刀100來切割工件200之外周面之預定之位置。端銑刀100代表性而言是如下地使用:由工作機械(未圖示)保持,繞端銑刀之旋轉軸而高速旋轉,一面朝與旋轉軸交叉之方向進給、一面將切割刀刃抵接工件200之外周面而切入。亦即,切割代表性而言是藉由如下來進行:將端銑刀之切割刀刃抵接工件200之外周面而切入。當製作如圖3所示之俯視形狀之附黏著劑層之偏光板的情況下,在工件200之外周之4個角落部形成倒角部200E、200F、200G、200H,在連結倒角部200E與200H之外周面的中央部形成凹部200I。C-2. End mill processing
Next, the
針對工件200之切割加工進行詳細說明。首先,如圖5(a)所示,在要形成圖2之倒角部200E之部分進行倒角加工,接著,如圖5(b)~圖5(d)所示,在要形成倒角部200F、200G及200H之部分依序進行倒角加工。最後,如圖5(e)所示,切割形成凹部200I。另,雖然圖示例是將倒角部200E、200F、200G、200H、及凹部200I依此順序而形成,但這些只要是以任意之適切之順序來形成即可。The cutting process of the
切割加工之條件可以是因應附黏著劑層之偏光板之構成、想要之形狀等而適切地設定。例如,端銑刀之旋轉速度(旋轉數)宜為低於25000rpm,更宜為22000rpm以下,更加宜為20000rpm以下。端銑刀之旋轉速度之下限可以是例如10000rpm。又,例如,端銑刀之進給速度宜為500mm/分~10000mm/分,更宜為500mm/分~2500mm/分,更加宜為800mm/分~1500mm/分。又,例如,端銑刀之切入量宜為0.8mm以下,更宜為0.3mm以下。由端銑刀對切割部位進行之切割次數可以是1次、2次、3次或更多。The conditions of the cutting process can be appropriately set according to the composition of the polarizing plate to which the adhesive layer is attached, the desired shape, etc. For example, the rotation speed (number of rotations) of the end mill should be less than 25,000 rpm, more preferably less than 22,000 rpm, and even more preferably less than 20,000 rpm. The lower limit of the rotation speed of the end mill can be, for example, 10000 rpm. Also, for example, the feed speed of the end mill should be 500mm/min~10000mm/min, more preferably 500mm/min~2500mm/min, more preferably 800mm/min~1500mm/min. Also, for example, the cutting amount of the end mill is preferably 0.8 mm or less, and more preferably 0.3 mm or less. The number of cuts performed by the end mill on the cutting part can be 1, 2, 3 or more.
如以上,使用本發明之實施形態之端銑刀,獲得經過切割加工之附黏著劑層之偏光板。在圖示例是獲得含有經過非直線加工之部分之附黏著劑層之偏光板。 產業上之可利用性As above, the end mill of the embodiment of the present invention is used to obtain a polarizing plate with an adhesive layer that has undergone cutting processing. The example in the figure is to obtain a polarizing plate with an adhesive layer that has been processed non-linearly. Industrial availability
本發明之端銑刀是適合用於光學薄膜之切割加工。受本發明之端銑刀進行切割加工過之光學薄膜可用於例如以汽車之儀表屏、智慧手表為代表之異形之圖像顯示部。The end mill of the present invention is suitable for cutting optical films. The optical film cut and processed by the end mill of the present invention can be used, for example, in the image display part of the abnormal shape represented by the dashboard of the automobile and the smart watch.
10:切割刀刃
10a:刃尖
10b:斜面
10c:間隙面
11:基部
12:燒結鑽石層
20:主體
20d:下游側的部分
20u:上游側的部分
22:旋轉軸
24:埋入部
26:基準面
28:埋入面
30:屑穴
100~105:端銑刀
200:工件
200a、200b、200c、200d:外周面
200E、200F、200G、200H:倒角部
200I:凹部
d、d1、d2:深度
E:切割刀刃之延長線
R:旋轉方向
α:斜角
β:間隙角
γ:刃尖角10:
圖1(a)是用於說明本發明之1個實施形態之端銑刀之構造的從軸方向觀看之概略平面圖;圖1(b)是圖1(a)之端銑刀的概略立體圖。 圖2(a)~圖2(e)分別是用於說明本發明之其他實施形態之端銑刀之構造的從軸方向觀看之概略平面圖。 圖3是顯示可藉由使用本發明之實施形態之端銑刀的光學薄膜之製造方法而獲得之經過非直線加工之光學薄膜之形狀之一例的概略平面圖。 圖4是用於說明用到本發明之實施形態之端銑刀的光學薄膜之切割加工的概略立體圖。 圖5(a)~圖5(e)是說明用到本發明之實施形態之端銑刀的光學薄膜之切割加工之一例、亦即非直線之切割加工之一連串過程的概略平面圖。Fig. 1(a) is a schematic plan view from the axial direction for explaining the structure of an end mill of one embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1(b) is a schematic perspective view of the end mill of Fig. 1(a). Figures 2(a) to 2(e) are schematic plan views from the axial direction for explaining the structure of the end mill of other embodiments of the present invention. 3 is a schematic plan view showing an example of the shape of an optical film that has undergone non-linear processing obtained by the method of manufacturing an optical film using the end mill of the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view for explaining cutting processing of an optical film using the end mill of the embodiment of the present invention. 5(a) to 5(e) are schematic plan views illustrating an example of cutting processing of an optical film using the end mill of the embodiment of the present invention, that is, a series of non-linear cutting processing.
10:切割刀刃 10: Cutting blade
10a:刃尖 10a: blade tip
10b:斜面 10b: inclined plane
10c:間隙面 10c: Clearance surface
11:基部 11: Base
12:燒結鑽石層 12: Sintered diamond layer
20:主體 20: main body
22:旋轉軸 22: Rotation axis
24:埋入部 24: Embedded Department
30:屑穴 30: Crumbs
100:端銑刀 100: end mill
200:工件 200: Workpiece
d:深度 d: depth
E:切割刀刃之延長線 E: The extension cord of the cutting blade
R:旋轉方向 R: rotation direction
α:斜角 α: Bevel
β:間隙角 β: Clearance angle
γ:刃尖角 γ: edge angle
Claims (13)
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JP2018-199729 | 2018-10-24 | ||
JP2018199729A JP7197087B2 (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2018-10-24 | End mill and its manufacturing method |
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KR (1) | KR20210073539A (en) |
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PT74074B (en) * | 1980-12-16 | 1983-09-26 | Zwahlen Bruno Ag | COMBINATION TOOL |
JPS59107202U (en) * | 1983-01-10 | 1984-07-19 | 日立工機株式会社 | bit |
JPS60127912A (en) * | 1983-12-15 | 1985-07-08 | Asahi Daiyamondo Kogyo Kk | Rotary cutting tool of small diameter |
US4988241A (en) | 1989-09-15 | 1991-01-29 | The Boeing Company | Cutter with angled diamond inserts |
JPH0516037U (en) * | 1991-08-06 | 1993-03-02 | 東芝タンガロイ株式会社 | End mill |
CA2089121C (en) * | 1992-03-09 | 1998-08-04 | Steven J. Brox | Diamond film cutting tool |
JP2001030107A (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2001-02-06 | Hoei Kogyo:Kk | Axially rotating cutting tool |
JP2001347504A (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2001-12-18 | Kanefusa Corp | Tipped-blade router bit having end cutting edge |
GB0318501D0 (en) * | 2003-08-07 | 2003-09-10 | Exactaform Cutting Tools Ltd | Cutting tool |
JP2006247774A (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-21 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | End mill |
US7757591B2 (en) * | 2005-10-19 | 2010-07-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Aligned multi-diamond cutting tool assembly for creating microreplication tools |
JP2008307663A (en) | 2007-06-16 | 2008-12-25 | Precision Hasegawa:Kk | Router end mill |
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JP6089596B2 (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2017-03-08 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | End mill and manufacturing method thereof |
EP3100810B1 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2023-09-06 | Kyocera Corporation | End mill and manufacturing method for cut product |
DE102014109390A1 (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-01-07 | Jakob Lach Gmbh & Co. Kg | Cutting tool, in particular friction, milling or drilling tool |
JP6435801B2 (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2018-12-12 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | End mill |
JP6277150B2 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2018-02-07 | ナカオテクニカ株式会社 | Processing equipment |
CN106862625B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-26 | 江苏宇观智能科技有限公司 | A kind of processing casting wooden model special hollow end mill(ing) cutter |
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JP7345808B2 (en) | 2023-09-19 |
TW202337598A (en) | 2023-10-01 |
TWI808260B (en) | 2023-07-11 |
WO2020084959A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 |
JP2020066086A (en) | 2020-04-30 |
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