TW202021704A

TW202021704A - Method of solid-state welding of dissimilar metals

Info

Publication number: TW202021704A
Application number: TW107144634A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 黃永茂; 閻其暘
Original assignee: 國立中山大學
Priority date: 2018-12-11
Filing date: 2018-12-11
Publication date: 2020-06-16

Abstract

In a method of solid-state welding of dissimilar metals, a high frequency heater is provided to heat a first metal and a second metal having different welding temperatures. During heating, the high frequency heater is close to the meal having higher welding temperature such that the first and second metals both can be heated to their welding temperatures for solid-state welding.

Description

Solid-state welding method of dissimilar metal material components

本發明是關於一種固態焊接方法，尤其是使相異金屬材質元件進行固態焊接的方法。The invention relates to a solid-state welding method, in particular to a method for solid-state welding of dissimilar metal components.

以電弧焊接二相異金屬材質元件，使其能結合成一體，然而以電弧焊接的二相異金屬材質元件會於焊接處造成脫碳而形成硬且脆的碳化層，而使得焊接處產生裂縫或導致斷裂，因此也影響了剛性及機械強度。Arc welding of two-phase dissimilar metal components can be combined into one body, but the two-phase dissimilar metal components of arc welding will cause decarburization at the weld and form a hard and brittle carbonized layer, which will cause cracks in the weld. Or cause breakage, which also affects rigidity and mechanical strength.

本發明的主要目的在於避免二相異金屬材質元件焊接成一體時，於焊接處產生裂縫的情形，並藉由本發明的相異金屬材質元件的固態焊接方法縮短二相異金屬材質元件焊接的時間，且可以因應不同固態焊接溫度的二相異金屬材質元件，調整高週波加熱件與二相異金屬材質元件間的相對距離，以加快焊接的速度。The main purpose of the present invention is to avoid cracks in the welding place when the two dissimilar metal components are welded together, and to shorten the welding time of the two dissimilar metal components by the solid state welding method of the present invention , And can adjust the relative distance between the high-frequency heating element and the two-phase dissimilar metal material components with different solid welding temperatures to speed up the welding speed.

本發明之一種相異金屬材質元件的固態焊接方法包含一第一金屬元件，具有一第一待加熱區及一第一固態焊接溫度；一第二金屬元件，與該第一金屬元件的材質相異，該第二金屬元件具有一第二待加熱區及一第二固態焊接溫度，該第二固態焊接溫度小於該第一固態焊接溫度；調整一高週波加熱件至該第一金屬元件與該第二金屬元件的相對距離，將該高週波加熱件往該第一待加熱區方向移動，使該高週波加熱件至該第一待加熱區的一第一距離小於該高週波加熱件至該第二待加熱區的一第二距離；以及以該高週波加熱件加熱該第一金屬元件及該第二金屬元件，使該第一待加熱區末端的一第一待焊合區的溫度升溫至該第一固態焊接溫度。A solid-state welding method of dissimilar metal elements of the present invention includes a first metal element having a first area to be heated and a first solid-state welding temperature; a second metal element having the same material as the first metal element However, the second metal element has a second to-be-heated area and a second solid-state welding temperature, the second solid-state welding temperature is lower than the first solid-state welding temperature; adjust a high-frequency heating element to the first metal element and the The relative distance of the second metal element moves the high-frequency heating element toward the first area to be heated, so that a first distance from the high-frequency heating element to the first area to be heated is smaller than that of the high-frequency heating element to the A second distance of the second to-be-heated zone; and heating the first metal element and the second metal element with the high-frequency heating element to raise the temperature of a first to-be-welded zone at the end of the first to-be-heated zone To the first solid-state welding temperature.

請參閱第1圖，本發明的一種相異金屬材質元件的固態焊接方法，其用以將至少二相異金屬材質元件以固態焊接方法接合成一體，在本實施例中是將材質相異的一第一金屬元件110及一第二金屬元件120以固態焊接方法接合成一體，該第一金屬元件110具有一第一固態焊接溫度，該第二金屬元件120具有一第二固態焊接溫度，該第二固態焊接溫度小於該第一固態焊接溫度，該第一固態焊接溫度小於該第一金屬元件110的熔點，該第二固態焊接溫度小於該第二金屬元件120的熔點，該第一金屬元件110及該第二金屬元件120選自於柱狀金屬元件、板狀金屬元件。Please refer to Figure 1, a solid-state welding method for components with dissimilar metal materials of the present invention, which is used to join at least two components with dissimilar metal materials into one body by solid-state welding. In this embodiment, the materials are different A first metal element 110 and a second metal element 120 are joined together by a solid state welding method. The first metal element 110 has a first solid state welding temperature, and the second metal element 120 has a second solid state welding temperature. The second solid-state welding temperature is lower than the first solid-state welding temperature, the first solid-state welding temperature is lower than the melting point of the first metal element 110, and the second solid-state welding temperature is lower than the melting point of the second metal element 120. The first metal element 110 and the second metal element 120 are selected from columnar metal elements and plate metal elements.

請參閱第2圖，其為一高週波加熱件130示意圖，該高週波加熱件130選自於(a)螺管型線圈高週波加熱件(如雙匝螺管型線圈)、(b)扁平型線圈高週波加熱件(如三匝扁平型線圈)及(c)U型線圈高週波加熱件等高週波加熱件，藉由該高週波加熱件130對該第一金屬元件110及該第二金屬元件120進行加熱，以使該第一金屬元件110與該第二金屬元件120能被固態焊接成一體。Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of a high-frequency heating element 130, which is selected from (a) a solenoid-type coil high-frequency heating element (such as a double-turn solenoid-type coil), (b) flat Type coil high-frequency heating element (such as a three-turn flat coil) and (c) U-shaped coil high-frequency heating element and other high-frequency heating elements, the first metal element 110 and the second metal element 110 and the second The metal element 120 is heated, so that the first metal element 110 and the second metal element 120 can be solid-state welded into one body.

請參閱第3及4圖，其為本發明的一第一實施例，該高週波加熱件130選自於雙匝螺管型線圈高週波加熱件或三匝扁平型線圈高週波加熱件等線圈高週波加熱件，但不以此為限，將該第一金屬元件110穿設於該高週波加熱件130中，並使該第一金屬元件110接觸該第二金屬元件120，以使該第一金屬元件110與該第二金屬元件120之間形成有一焊接界面(welding interface)140。Please refer to Figures 3 and 4, which is a first embodiment of the present invention. The high-frequency heating element 130 is selected from a double-turn solenoid-type coil high-frequency heating element or a three-turn flat coil high-frequency heating element. High-frequency heating element, but not limited to this, the first metal element 110 is inserted into the high-frequency heating element 130, and the first metal element 110 is brought into contact with the second metal element 120, so that the A welding interface 140 is formed between a metal element 110 and the second metal element 120.

請參閱第3及4圖，調整一高週波加熱件130至該第一金屬元件110與該第二金屬元件120的相對距離，該第一金屬元件110具有一第一待加熱區111，該第二金屬元件120具有一第二待加熱區121，該第一待加熱區111及該第二待加熱區121分別位於該焊接界面140的二側，由於該第二金屬元件120的該第二固態焊接溫度小於該第一金屬元件110的該第一固態焊接溫度，因此需將該高週波加熱件130往該第一待加熱區111方向移動，使該高週波加熱件130環繞該第一金屬元件110的該第一待加熱區111，使該高週波加熱件130投影至該第一待加熱區111的投影面積大於該高週波加熱件130投影至該第二待加熱區121的投影面積，即使該高週波加熱件130至該第一待加熱區111的一第一距離D1小於該高週波加熱件130至該第二待加熱區121的一第二距離D2。Please refer to Figures 3 and 4 to adjust the relative distance between a high-frequency heating element 130 and the first metal element 110 and the second metal element 120. The first metal element 110 has a first to-be-heated area 111. The two metal elements 120 have a second to-be-heated area 121, the first to-be-heated area 111 and the second to-be-heated area 121 are respectively located on two sides of the welding interface 140, due to the second solid state of the second metal element 120 The welding temperature is lower than the first solid-state welding temperature of the first metal element 110, so it is necessary to move the high-frequency heating element 130 toward the first to-be-heated area 111 so that the high-frequency heating element 130 surrounds the first metal element The first to-be-heated area 111 of 110 makes the projected area of the high-frequency heating element 130 projected to the first to-be-heated area 111 larger than the projected area of the high-frequency heating element 130 to the second to-be-heated area 121, even if A first distance D1 from the high-frequency heating element 130 to the first area to be heated 111 is smaller than a second distance D2 from the high-frequency heating element 130 to the second area to be heated 121.

請參閱第3、4及5圖，以該高週波加熱件130加熱該第一金屬元件110的該第一待加熱區111及該第二金屬元件120的該第二待加熱區121，使該第一待加熱區111末端的一第一待焊合區112的溫度升溫至該第一固態焊接溫度，較佳地，該高週波加熱件130加熱該第二待加熱區121，使該第二待加熱區121末端的一第二待焊合區122的溫度升高至該第二固態焊接溫度，請參閱第5圖，在本實施例中，在該高週波加熱件130加熱該第一待加熱區111及該第二待加熱區121時，同時提供一軸向力L於該第一金屬元件110或該第二金屬元件120，使該第一待焊合區112及該第二待焊合區122變形而混合成一焊合區A，較佳地，在提供該軸向力L於該第一金屬元件110或該第二金屬元件120時，同時旋轉該第一金屬元件110或該第二金屬元件120，以使該第一待焊合區112及該第二待焊合區122因摩擦而生熱，以縮短該高週波加熱件130加熱該第一待加熱區111至該第一固態焊接溫度的時間及縮短該高週波加熱件130加熱該第二待加熱區121至該第二固態焊接溫度的時間，以利該第一待焊合區112及該第二待焊合區122混合成該焊合區A。Please refer to Figures 3, 4 and 5, the high-frequency heating element 130 heats the first to-be-heated area 111 of the first metal element 110 and the second to-be-heated area 121 of the second metal element 120 to make the The temperature of a first to-be-welded area 112 at the end of the first to-be-heated area 111 is increased to the first solid-state welding temperature. Preferably, the high-frequency heating element 130 heats the second to-be-heated area 121 to make the second The temperature of a second to-be-welded area 122 at the end of the to-be-heated area 121 is increased to the second solid-state welding temperature. Please refer to Fig. 5. In this embodiment, the high-frequency heating element 130 heats the first to-be-welded temperature. When the zone 111 and the second zone to be heated 121 are heated, an axial force L is provided to the first metal element 110 or the second metal element 120 at the same time, so that the first zone to be welded 112 and the second zone to be welded The joint zone 122 is deformed and mixed into a joint zone A. Preferably, when the axial force L is applied to the first metal element 110 or the second metal element 120, the first metal element 110 or the second metal element 120 is simultaneously rotated. Two metal elements 120, so that the first to-be-welded area 112 and the second to-be-welded area 122 generate heat due to friction, so as to shorten the high-frequency heating element 130 from heating the first to-be-heated area 111 to the first The time for the solid-state welding temperature and shorten the time for the high-frequency heating element 130 to heat the second area 121 to be heated to the second solid-state welding temperature, so as to facilitate the first area to be welded 112 and the second area to be welded 122 Mix into the weld zone A.

請參閱第6及7圖，其為本發明的一第二實施例，該高週波加熱件130選自於U型高週波加熱件，該第一金屬元件110與該第二金屬元件120之間具有一容置空間B，將該高週波加熱件130設置於該容置空間B，使該高週波加熱件130位於該第一金屬元件110與該第二金屬元件120之間，藉由該高週波加熱件130對該第一金屬元件110及該第二金屬元件120進行加熱，以使該第一金屬元件110與該第二金屬元件120能被固態焊接成一體。Please refer to FIGS. 6 and 7, which are a second embodiment of the present invention. The high-frequency heating element 130 is selected from U-shaped high-frequency heating elements, between the first metal element 110 and the second metal element 120 There is an accommodating space B, and the high-frequency heating element 130 is disposed in the accommodating space B, so that the high-frequency heating element 130 is located between the first metal element 110 and the second metal element 120. The cyclic heating element 130 heats the first metal element 110 and the second metal element 120, so that the first metal element 110 and the second metal element 120 can be solid-state welded into one body.

請參閱第6及7圖，調整該高週波加熱件130至該第一金屬元件110與該第二金屬元件120的相對距離，由於該第二金屬元件120的該第二固態焊接溫度小於該第一金屬元件110的該第一固態焊接溫度，因此需將該高週波加熱件130往該第一待加熱區111方向移動，使該高週波加熱件130至該第一待加熱區111的該第一距離D1小於該高週波加熱件130至該第二待加熱區121的該第二距離D2。Please refer to FIGS. 6 and 7 to adjust the relative distance between the high-frequency heating element 130 and the first metal element 110 and the second metal element 120, because the second solid state welding temperature of the second metal element 120 is lower than the first metal element 120 For the first solid welding temperature of a metal element 110, it is necessary to move the high-frequency heating element 130 toward the first to-be-heated zone 111 to make the high-frequency heating element 130 to the first to-be-heated zone 111 A distance D1 is smaller than the second distance D2 from the high-frequency heating element 130 to the second area to be heated 121.

請參閱第6及7圖，以該高週波加熱件130加熱該第一金屬元件110的該第一待加熱區111及該第二金屬元件120的該第二待加熱區121，使該第一待加熱區111末端的該第一待焊合區112的溫度升溫至該第一固態焊接溫度，較佳地，該高週波加熱件130加熱該第二待加熱區121，使該第二待加熱區121末端的該第二待焊合區122的溫度升高至該第二固態焊接溫度，且在該第一待焊合區112的溫度升高至該第一固態焊接溫度及在該第二待焊合區122的溫度升高至該第二固態焊接溫度後，請參閱第8及9圖，移除該高週波加熱件130，隨即使該第一待焊合區112及該第二待焊合區122相互抵觸，並提供一軸向力L於該第一金屬元件110或該第二金屬元件120，使該第一待焊合區112及該第二待焊合區122變形而混合成一焊合區A，較佳地，在提供該軸向力L於該第一金屬元件110或該第二金屬元件120時，同時旋轉該第一金屬元件110或該第二金屬元件120，以使該第一待焊合區112及該第二待焊合區122因摩擦而生熱，以利該第一待焊合區112及該第二待焊合區122混合成該焊合區A。Please refer to FIGS. 6 and 7, the high-frequency heating element 130 heats the first to-be-heated area 111 of the first metal element 110 and the second to-be-heated area 121 of the second metal element 120 to make the first The temperature of the first to-be-welded area 112 at the end of the to-be-heated area 111 is raised to the first solid-state welding temperature. Preferably, the high-frequency heating element 130 heats the second to-be-heated area 121 to make the second to-be-heated area 121 The temperature of the second to-be-welded area 122 at the end of the area 121 rises to the second solid-state welding temperature, and the temperature in the first to-be-welded area 112 rises to the first solid-state welding temperature and the second After the temperature of the welding zone 122 rises to the second solid-state welding temperature, refer to Figures 8 and 9 to remove the high-frequency heating element 130, and then the first welding zone 112 and the second welding zone 112 The welded areas 122 conflict with each other and provide an axial force L on the first metal element 110 or the second metal element 120, so that the first welded area 112 and the second welded area 122 are deformed and mixed To form a welding zone A, preferably, when the axial force L is applied to the first metal element 110 or the second metal element 120, the first metal element 110 or the second metal element 120 is simultaneously rotated to The first to-be-welded area 112 and the second to-be-welded area 122 generate heat due to friction, so that the first to-be-welded area 112 and the second to-be-welded area 122 are mixed into the welded area A .

本發明藉由調整高週波加熱件130與二相異金屬材質元件間的相對距離，使該高週波加熱件130靠近固態焊接溫度較高的該第一金屬元件110，並使固態焊接溫度相異的該第一金屬元件110及該第二金屬元件120分別達到各該固態焊接溫度，以進行固態焊接，本發明的該相異金屬材質元件的固態焊接方法可縮短二相異金屬材質元件焊接的時間以增加焊接的速度，且可避免該第一金屬元件110及該第二金屬元件120之間的該焊合區A發生脫碳而形成硬且脆的碳化層，並可避免該焊合區A產生裂縫或導致斷裂，以增加已結合成一體的該第一金屬元件110及該第二金屬元件120的剛性及機械強度。The present invention adjusts the relative distance between the high-frequency heating element 130 and the two different metal material elements, so that the high-frequency heating element 130 is close to the first metal element 110 with a higher solid-state welding temperature, and the solid-state welding temperature is different The first metal element 110 and the second metal element 120 respectively reach the solid-state welding temperature for solid-state welding. The solid-state welding method for the dissimilar metal element of the present invention can shorten the welding time of two dissimilar metal elements. Time increases the welding speed, and can prevent the weld zone A between the first metal element 110 and the second metal element 120 from being decarburized to form a hard and brittle carbonized layer, and can avoid the weld zone A cracks or breaks are caused to increase the rigidity and mechanical strength of the first metal element 110 and the second metal element 120 that have been integrated.

本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準，任何熟知此項技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內所作之任何變化與修改，均屬於本發明之保護範圍。The scope of protection of the present invention shall be deemed as defined by the scope of the attached patent application. Any changes and modifications made by those who are familiar with this skill without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. .

110:第一金屬元件 111:第一待加熱區 112:第一待焊合區 120:第二金屬元件 121:第二待加熱區 122:第二待焊合區 130:高週波加熱件 140:焊接界面 A:焊合區 B:容置空間 L:軸向力 D1:第一距離 D2:第二距離 110: The first metal element 111: The first area to be heated 112: The first area to be welded 120: second metal element 121: The second to be heated area 122: The second area to be welded 130: high frequency heating element 140: Welding interface A: Welding area B: accommodation space L: axial force D1: First distance D2: Second distance

第1圖：本發明之第一金屬元件及第二金屬元件的立體示意圖。第2圖：本發明之高週波加熱件的立體示意圖。第3圖：本發明之第一實施例，以高週波加熱件加熱第一金屬元件及第二金屬元件的立體示意圖。第4圖：本發明之第一實施例，以高週波加熱件加熱第一金屬元件及第二金屬元件的側視圖。第5圖：本發明之第一實施例，第一金屬元件及第二金屬元件固態焊接成一體的立體示意圖。第6圖：本發明之第二實施例，以高週波加熱件加熱第一金屬元件及第二金屬元件的立體示意圖。第7圖：本發明之第二實施例，以高週波加熱件加熱第一金屬元件及第二金屬元件的側視圖。第8至9圖：本發明之第二實施例，第一金屬元件或第二金屬元件固態焊接成一體的立體示意圖。Figure 1: A perspective view of the first metal element and the second metal element of the present invention. Figure 2: A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the high-frequency heating element of the present invention. Figure 3: The first embodiment of the present invention, a three-dimensional schematic diagram of heating the first metal element and the second metal element with a high-frequency heating element. Figure 4: The first embodiment of the present invention, a side view of heating the first metal element and the second metal element with a high-frequency heating element. Figure 5: In the first embodiment of the present invention, the first metal element and the second metal element are solid-state welded into a three-dimensional diagram. Fig. 6: In the second embodiment of the present invention, the first metal element and the second metal element are heated by a high-frequency heating element. Figure 7: The second embodiment of the present invention, a side view of heating the first metal element and the second metal element with a high-frequency heating element. Figures 8-9: The second embodiment of the present invention, the solid-state welding of the first metal element or the second metal element into a three-dimensional diagram.

110:第一金屬元件 110: The first metal element

111:第一待加熱區 111: The first area to be heated

120:第二金屬元件 120: second metal element

121:第二待加熱區 121: The second to be heated area

130:高週波加熱件 130: high frequency heating element

140:焊接界面 140: Welding interface

Claims

A solid-state welding method for elements of dissimilar metal materials, comprising: a first metal element having a first area to be heated and a first solid-state welding temperature; a second metal element having the same material as the first metal element However, the second metal element has a second area to be heated and a second solid-state welding temperature, the second solid-state welding temperature is lower than the first solid-state welding temperature; adjusting a high-frequency heating element to the first metal element and the The relative distance of the second metal element moves the high-frequency heating element toward the first area to be heated, so that a first distance from the high-frequency heating element to the first area to be heated is smaller than that of the high-frequency heating element to the A second distance of the second to-be-heated zone; and heating the first metal element and the second metal element with the high-frequency heating element to raise the temperature of a first to-be-welded zone at the end of the first to-be-heated zone To the first solid-state welding temperature.

The solid-state welding method of dissimilar metal material components as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the high-frequency heating element heats the second to-be-heated area so that a second to-be-welded area at the end of the second to-be-heated area The temperature rises to the second solid state welding temperature.

For the solid-state welding method of dissimilar metal elements described in item 1 or 2 of the scope of the patent application, before adjusting a high-frequency heating element to the relative distance between the first metal element and the second metal element, the first The metal element contacts the second metal element, so that the first metal element and the second metal element form a welding interface, and the first area to be heated and the second area to be heated are located at the ends of the welding interface, respectively. Two sides.

The solid-state welding method of dissimilar metal material components as described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein when the high-frequency heating element heats the first to-be-heated area and the second to-be-heated area, an axial force is provided at the same time The first metal element or the second metal element deforms the first to-be-welded area and the second to-be-welded area to be mixed into a welded area.

The method for solid-state welding of dissimilar metal elements as described in the first item of the scope of patent application, wherein the high-frequency heating element surrounds the first to-be-heated area of the first metal element, and the high-frequency heating element is projected onto the first metal element The projected area of a region to be heated is larger than the projected area of the high-frequency heating element projected to the second region to be heated.

According to the solid-state welding method of dissimilar metal material components described in item 5 of the scope of patent application, the high-frequency heating element is selected from a solenoid-type high-frequency heating element or a concentric high-frequency heating element.

The solid-state welding method for components of dissimilar metal materials as described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein there is an accommodating space between the first metal component and the second metal component, and the high-frequency heating element is disposed in the container. The space is arranged so that the high-frequency heating element is located between the first metal element and the second metal element.

According to the solid-state welding method of dissimilar metal material components described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, the high-frequency heating element is selected from U-shaped high-frequency heating elements.

The method for solid-state welding of dissimilar metal material components as described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, wherein the temperature in the first to-be-welded area is increased to the first solid-state welding temperature and the temperature in the second to-be-welded area After the temperature rises to the second solid-state welding temperature, the high-frequency heating element is removed, and then the first to-be-welded area and the second to-be-welded area conflict with each other.

For the solid-state welding method of dissimilar metal material components described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, when the first to-be-welded area and the second to-be-welded area conflict with each other, an axial force is simultaneously provided to the first A metal element or the second metal element deforms the first to-be-welded area and the second to-be-welded area to be mixed into a welded area.

The method for solid-state welding of dissimilar metal elements as described in item 4 or 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein when the axial force is applied to the first metal element or the second metal element, the first metal element is simultaneously rotated Or the second metal element.