TW202004144A - Torque measurement method including a pre-step, a fitting step, and a measurement step - Google Patents

Torque measurement method including a pre-step, a fitting step, and a measurement step Download PDF

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TW202004144A
TW202004144A TW107117466A TW107117466A TW202004144A TW 202004144 A TW202004144 A TW 202004144A TW 107117466 A TW107117466 A TW 107117466A TW 107117466 A TW107117466 A TW 107117466A TW 202004144 A TW202004144 A TW 202004144A
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torque
transmission shaft
strain
measurement
computing device
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TW107117466A
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Chinese (zh)
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TWI658260B (en
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鄒穎
陳永森
賈宏泰
謝順隆
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中國鋼鐵股份有限公司
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Abstract

A torque measurement method includes a pre-step, a fitting step, and a measurement step. In the pre-step, a geometric model of a transmission shaft is established in a computing device, a strain gauge is set at a measurement location of the transmission shaft. In the fitting step, the relationship between the main strain and the torque of the transmission shaft is found out by the computing device, and a mathematical relationship formula is established. In the measuring step, the calculation device calculates a torque value of the transmission shaft through a mathematical relationship and a main strain value measured by the strain gauge. A geometric model and a simulation established in advance through the computing device, which can be applied to the axisymmetric or non-axisymmetric structures, the strain gauge can directly measure the main strain value online and transmit it to the computing device through a wireless module in real time, thereby the torque value of the transmission shaft can be measured.

Description

扭矩量測方法Torque measurement method

本發明是有關於一種扭矩量測方法，特別是指一種傳動軸的扭矩量測方法。The invention relates to a torque measurement method, in particular to a torque measurement method of a transmission shaft.

傳動軸是各種工業機具中常使用的轉動元件，在風扇、減速機、鼓風機或軋機內都可見其身影。傳動軸的運作往往是這類機具能維持正常功能與否的關鍵，因此需要量測掌握傳動軸的各種傳動參數，例如震動、轉速或扭矩等資訊。現時的扭矩檢測方式多需先將設被拆卸，再將傳動軸移出並裝設於測試平台上，再搭配扭力計測量分析，但此種方式不僅拆卸費工，且測得的結果往往與於產線上實際運轉時(以下簡稱線上)的情況有所落差。The transmission shaft is a rotating element commonly used in various industrial machines and can be seen in fans, reducers, blowers or rolling mills. The operation of the transmission shaft is often the key to the normal function of such tools. Therefore, it is necessary to measure and master various transmission parameters of the transmission shaft, such as vibration, speed, or torque. In the current torque detection method, the device needs to be disassembled first, and then the drive shaft is removed and installed on the test platform, and then combined with a torque meter for measurement and analysis. The actual operation of the production line (hereinafter referred to as online) is somewhat different.

若欲達到線上量測，一般會直接量測傳動軸表面的最大應變值，再透過工程力學理論計算出應力及扭矩，但工程力學的的理論公式僅能對應對稱的軸結構進行計算，而實際上許多傳動軸在使用時會開設鍵槽，使得該傳動軸成為非軸對稱結構而難以計算。If you want to achieve online measurement, the maximum strain value on the surface of the transmission shaft is generally measured directly, and then the stress and torque are calculated through the engineering mechanics theory, but the theoretical formula of engineering mechanics can only be calculated corresponding to the symmetrical shaft structure. Many transmission shafts on the above will have key slots when they are used, making the transmission shaft a non-axisymmetric structure and difficult to calculate.

因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種可線上測量不對稱軸結構的扭矩量測方法。Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a torque measurement method that can measure an asymmetric shaft structure online.

於是，本發明扭矩量測方法，適用於量測一傳動軸的扭矩值，並包含一前置步驟、一擬合步驟，及一量測步驟。Therefore, the torque measuring method of the present invention is suitable for measuring the torque value of a transmission shaft, and includes a pre-step, a fitting step, and a measuring step.

在該前置步驟中，在一計算裝置中建立該傳動軸的幾何模型，並將一應變規設置於該傳動軸的一量測處上。In the pre-step, a geometric model of the transmission shaft is established in a computing device, and a strain gauge is set on a measurement location of the transmission shaft.

在該擬合步驟中，透過該計算裝置上的一分析模組模擬該傳動軸在受力過程中的應變及應力分布，再將前述模擬結果對應該應變規所設置的量測處，找出該傳動軸的主應變及扭矩間的關係，並建立該量測處主應變與扭矩間的數學關係式。In this fitting step, the strain and stress distribution of the drive shaft during the stress process are simulated through an analysis module on the computing device, and then the aforementioned simulation results correspond to the measurement locations set by the strain gauges to find out The relationship between the main strain and torque of the transmission shaft, and the mathematical relationship between the main strain and torque at the measurement location is established.

在該量測步驟中，該應變規量測該傳動軸之量測處於負載下的主應變值，並將結果透過一無線模組傳送至該計算裝置上，該計算裝置透過數學關係式及該應變規所測得的主應變值計算出該傳動軸的扭矩值。In the measuring step, the strain gauge measures the main strain value of the drive shaft under load, and transmits the result to the computing device through a wireless module. The computing device uses the mathematical relationship and the The main strain value measured by the strain gauge calculates the torque value of the transmission shaft.

本發明之功效在於：透過該計算裝置預先建立幾何模型及模擬所建立的擬合方程式，可適用於軸對稱或非軸對稱結構，而該應變規可直接線上量測主應變值，並透過無線模組即時傳送至該計算裝置上，從而可測得該傳動軸之扭矩值。The function of the present invention lies in that the geometrical model and the fitting equation established by the simulation through the calculation device can be applied to axisymmetric or non-axisymmetric structures, and the strain gauge can directly measure the main strain value online and through wireless The module is immediately transmitted to the computing device, so that the torque value of the transmission shaft can be measured.

參閱圖1，本發明扭矩量測方法之一實施例，包含一前置步驟11、一擬合步驟12，及一量測步驟13。在該前置步驟11中，在一計算裝置中建立一欲量測的傳動軸的數位幾何模型，並將一應變規設置於該傳動軸的一量測處上。在本實施例中，該計算裝置可以為個人電腦。Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of the torque measurement method of the present invention includes a pre-step 11, a fitting step 12, and a measurement step 13. In the preceding step 11, a digital geometric model of the transmission shaft to be measured is created in a computing device, and a strain gauge is set on a measurement location of the transmission shaft. In this embodiment, the computing device may be a personal computer.

在該擬合步驟12中，透過該計算裝置上的一分析模組模擬該傳動軸在受力過程中的應變及應力分布，再將前述模擬結果對應該應變規所設置的量測處，找出該傳動軸在彈性變形範圍內，不同負載條件下的主應變及扭矩間的關係。接著建立應變量測處的主應變與扭矩間的數學關係式。在本實施例中，該分析模組為ANSYS軟體，且透過有限元素法進行前述計算及模擬。In the fitting step 12, the strain and stress distribution of the transmission shaft during the stress process are simulated through an analysis module on the computing device, and then the aforementioned simulation result corresponds to the measurement place set by the strain gauge, find The relationship between the main strain and torque of the transmission shaft under different load conditions in the elastic deformation range is shown. Then establish the mathematical relationship between the main strain and torque at the strain measurement point. In this embodiment, the analysis module is ANSYS software, and the foregoing calculation and simulation are performed through the finite element method.

在該量測步驟13中，以該應變規量測該傳動軸之量測處於負載下的主應變值，並將量測結果透過一無線模組傳送至該計算裝置上，接著該計算裝置透過該數學關係式及該應變規所測得的主應變值計算出該傳動軸的扭矩值。若要提升量測準確率，也可透過記錄器觀察應變值的變化，待其變化穩定時再進行紀錄，並以記錄的平均值作為該轉動軸在負載下的應變。在進行前述量測及計算時，該傳動軸仍在產線上運作，故可達到線上即時量測分析之功效，再者，透過有限元素法可對軸對稱或非軸對稱結構的傳動軸進行分析，故也可對應設有鍵槽、鍵座或其他特殊設計的傳動軸，泛用性高。In the measuring step 13, the strain gauge is used to measure the main strain value of the drive shaft under load, and the measurement result is transmitted to the computing device through a wireless module, and then the computing device passes The torque value of the transmission shaft is calculated by the mathematical relationship and the main strain value measured by the strain gauge. To improve the measurement accuracy, you can also observe the change of the strain value through the recorder, record it when the change is stable, and use the average value of the record as the strain of the rotating shaft under load. During the aforementioned measurement and calculation, the drive shaft is still in operation on the production line, so it can achieve the effect of online real-time measurement and analysis. Furthermore, the finite element method can be used to analyze the drive shaft with axisymmetric or non-axisymmetric structure Therefore, it can also be equipped with a keyway, key base or other specially designed transmission shaft, which is highly versatile.

綜上所述，透過該計算裝置預先建立幾何模型及模擬所建立的擬合方程式，可適用於軸對稱或非軸對稱結構，而該應變規可直接線上量測主應變值，並透過無線模組即時傳送至該計算裝置上，從而可測得該傳動軸之扭矩值，故確實能達成本發明之目的。In summary, the geometrical model and the fitting equation established by the simulation through the calculation device can be applied to axisymmetric or non-axisymmetric structures, and the strain gauge can directly measure the main strain value online, and through the wireless model The group is immediately transmitted to the computing device, so that the torque value of the transmission shaft can be measured, so the purpose of the invention can indeed be achieved.

惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention. Any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification are still classified as This invention covers the patent.

11‧‧‧前置步驟12‧‧‧擬合步驟13‧‧‧量測步驟11‧‧‧Preliminary step 12‧‧‧Fit step 13‧‧‧Measurement step

本發明之其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現，其中： 圖1是一流程圖，說明本發明扭矩量測方法之一實施例。Other features and functions of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the torque measurement method of the present invention.

11‧‧‧前置步驟 11‧‧‧ Pre-step

12‧‧‧擬合步驟 12‧‧‧fitting steps

13‧‧‧量測步驟 13‧‧‧Measurement steps

Claims (2)

一種扭矩量測方法，適用於量測一傳動軸的扭矩值，並包含： 一前置步驟，在一計算裝置中建立該傳動軸的幾何模型，並將一應變規設置於該傳動軸的一量測處上； 一擬合步驟，透過該計算裝置上的一分析模組模擬該傳動軸在受力過程中的應變及應力分布，再將前述模擬結果對應該應變規所設置的量測處，找出該傳動軸的主應變及扭矩間的關係，並建立該量測處主應變與扭矩間的數學關係式；及 一量測步驟，該應變規量測該傳動軸之量測處於負載下的主應變值，並將結果透過一無線模組傳送至該計算裝置上，該計算裝置透過該數學關係式及該應變規所測得的主應變值計算出該傳動軸的扭矩值。A torque measurement method is suitable for measuring the torque value of a transmission shaft, and includes: a pre-step, establishing a geometric model of the transmission shaft in a calculation device, and setting a strain gauge on a transmission shaft Measurement location; a fitting step, through an analysis module on the computing device to simulate the strain and stress distribution of the transmission shaft during the process of stress, and then the aforementioned simulation results correspond to the measurement location set by the strain gauge , Find the relationship between the main strain and torque of the drive shaft, and establish the mathematical relationship between the main strain and torque at the measurement location; and a measurement step, the strain gauge measures the drive shaft measurement under load The main strain value is transmitted to the calculation device through a wireless module, and the calculation device calculates the torque value of the transmission shaft through the mathematical relationship and the main strain value measured by the strain gauge. 如請求項1所述的扭矩量測方法，其中，在該擬合步驟中，該分析模組是以有限元素法模擬出該傳動軸在受力過程中的應變及應力分布，並找出彈性變形範圍內之主應變與扭矩間的關係。The torque measurement method according to claim 1, wherein, in the fitting step, the analysis module simulates the strain and stress distribution of the transmission shaft during the loading process by the finite element method and finds the elasticity The relationship between the main strain and torque within the deformation range.
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CN113551825A (en) * 2021-07-14 2021-10-26 洛阳豪智机械有限公司 Wind power locking disc torque testing device and testing method

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TWI768573B (en) * 2020-12-02 2022-06-21 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 Vibration force measuring device

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CN113551825A (en) * 2021-07-14 2021-10-26 洛阳豪智机械有限公司 Wind power locking disc torque testing device and testing method

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