TW201943439A - Fire extinguishing agent - Google Patents

Abstract

This fire extinguishing agent comprises: a carboxylic acid alkali metal salt comprising one or two or more selected from among potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, and sodium citrate; a natural surfactant comprising one or two or more selected from among a lecithin, a saponin, and a casein; and water, wherein 30-55 g of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt and 0.107-0.200 g of the natural surfactant are contained in a total amount of 100 milliliters of the fire extinguishing agent, and the content ratio of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt to the natural surfactant is 150:1-275:1 (the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt: the natural surfactant) by mass. Accordingly, the fire extinguishing agent exhibits excellent fire extinguishing performance while also being highly safe for the human body, and uses a reduced amount of natural surfactant.

Description

Extinguishing agent

The invention relates to a fire extinguishing agent used in a fire extinguisher, a fire extinguishing device or a fire extinguishing equipment.

As a general water-based fire extinguishing agent, there is a reinforced liquid fire extinguishing agent (a potassium carbonate aqueous solution having a concentration of 35 to 40% by volume). It is effective for Class A fires (general fires), Class B fires (oil fires), and Class C fires (electrical fires). It is particularly excellent at extinguishing oil fires, but because its pH is 12-13 Strong alkaline, so pay attention when handling.
Conventional fire extinguishing agents containing reinforced liquid fire extinguishing agents have not yet ensured the safety of the ingredients contained in them. They are used in places such as beverages and food or their packaging, which are directly or indirectly consumed, due to fire or improper operation. When the fire extinguishing agent is released, the articles with the fire extinguishing agent attached must be washed or discarded. That is, because the safety of the fire extinguishing agent composition to the human body is not ensured, in addition to the fire, the direct victims of the fire also suffered secondary damage due to the attachment of the fire extinguishing agent, and it is required to reduce this situation.

Patent Document 1 discloses a fire extinguishing agent in which an alkali metal carboxylic acid salt is contained in an amount of 20 to 55 g and a natural surfactant is contained in a proportion of 0.10 to 2.0 g in a total amount of 100 ml. The content ratio of the active agent is based on a mass ratio of an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid: a natural surfactant = 30: 1 to 100: 1.
According to Patent Document 1, a fire extinguishing agent having both high fire extinguishing performance and high safety to the human body can be obtained.
[Prior technical literature]
[Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-291257

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Because natural surfactants are expensive, a slight cost reduction can yield significant cost advantages. However, since the natural surfactant has the effect of foaming and covering the surface of the fire-extinguishing object, if the amount of the natural surfactant is reduced, the fire-extinguishing performance will be deteriorated.
Patent Document 1 shows that, although depending on the content ratio of the alkali metal carboxylic acid salt to the natural surfactant, etc., when the natural surfactant is mixed in a proportion of 1 to 2 g in 100 ml of the total amount, for Class A fires and B The fire extinguishing performance of each type of fire and oil-fired fire is "○" and is particularly effective (Examples 6-3, 6-4, 10-3, 10-4, etc.). On the other hand, it means that when natural surfactants are mixed at a ratio of 0.05 to 0.20 g in a total amount of 100 ml, at least one of the fire extinguishing performance against Class A fires, Class B fires, and oil fires is "△ "Or" × "(Examples 6-1, 6-2, 10-1, 10-2, etc.).

Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a fire extinguishing agent which has both high fire extinguishing performance and high safety to the human body, and has a small amount of natural surfactant.

[Means for solving problems]

The fire extinguishing agent of the present invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid formed from one or two or more selected from the group consisting of potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, and sodium citrate; It is composed of one or two kinds of natural surfactants and water made from lecithin, saponin and casein. In the total amount of 100 ml, the above-mentioned carboxylic acid alkali metal salt is 30-55 g and the above-mentioned natural interface activity. The agent is contained in a proportion of 0.107 to 0.200 g, and the ratio of the content of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt to the content of the natural surfactant is based on the mass ratio of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt: the natural surfactant = 150: 1 to 275: 1.

The invention of claim 2 is the fire extinguishing agent of claim 1, wherein the alkali metal carboxylic acid salt is a mixture of one or both of acetic acid and citric acid, and one or both of potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate. The winner.

The invention of claim 3 is the lower alcohol of the fire extinguishing agent specified in claim 1 or claim 2, the carbon number of which is designated as a food additive of 4 or less, based on the mass ratio of the natural surfactant, and Natural surfactant: The lower alcohol is contained at 1: 2 to 1:40.

The invention of claim 4 is the fire extinguishing agent of any one of claims 1 to 3, and has a pH of 5.5 to 8.5.

[Effect of the invention]

According to the fire extinguishing agent of the present invention, it is possible to provide a fire extinguishing agent which has both high fire extinguishing performance and high safety to the human body, and has a small amount of natural surfactant.

[Form of Implementing Invention]

The fire extinguishing agent according to the first embodiment of the present invention is an alkali metal carboxylic acid salt made of one or two or more kinds selected from potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, and sodium citrate; And casein made of one or two kinds of natural surfactants and water. In the total amount of 100 ml, the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt is 30 to 55 g, and the natural surfactant is 0.107 to 0.200 g. The ratio contains the ratio of the content of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt and the natural surfactant, based on the mass ratio, the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt: natural surfactant = 150: 1 to 275: 1.
According to this embodiment, it is possible to provide a fire extinguishing agent which has both high fire extinguishing performance and high safety to the human body, and has a small amount of natural surfactant.

Carboxylic acid alkali metal salts are effective ingredients for extinguishing fires of Class A fires (general fires) and oil fires. Natural surfactants have the effect of suppressing the evaporation and diffusion of flammable gases in Class B fires (oil fires) by covering the surface of the fire-extinguishing object with foam. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to provide a fire extinguishing agent having a high fire extinguishing performance against any of a type A fire (general fire), a type B fire (oil fire), and an oil fire. In addition, since the type of fire extinguisher for Class C fires (electrical fires) is different from other fire extinguishers, the spray method is different from other fire extinguishers. Therefore, the fire extinguisher of this embodiment can also be used for Class C fires (electrical fires). High fire performance.

Among the alkali metal carboxylic acid salts, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, and sodium citrate are recognized as ingredients of food additives in Japan. Potassium acetate is based on the results of safety assessment tests of JECFA (Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives) under FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) and WHO (World Health Organization), and confirms that ingredients that are safe for humans are used as food additives in EU countries.物 用。 Use.
Lecithin, saponin and casein are ingredients recognized as food additives in Japan.
Therefore, the fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment can ensure high safety to the human body.
In addition, the fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment may be added with an additive as required, but the additive should be a component designated as a food additive.

In addition, if the content of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt is less than 20g, the fire extinguishing performance of Class A fires, Class B fires, and oil fires will be insufficient (as stipulated in the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications Ordinance "Provincial Order Establishing Technical Specifications for Fire Extinguishers" Failed in the test). If the content of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt exceeds 55g, it is likely to change over time, and it is unqualified in the deterioration test specified by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications Order "Provincial Decree Establishing Technical Specifications for Fire Extinguishers". If the content of the natural surfactant is less than 0.100 g, the fire extinguishing performance of Class A and B fires is insufficient. When the content of the natural surfactant exceeds 2.00 g, it is likely to change with time.

The second embodiment of the present invention is the fire extinguishing agent of the first embodiment. The carboxylic acid alkali metal salt is a mixture of one or both of acetic acid and citric acid, and one or both of potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate. The winner.
According to this embodiment, an carboxylic acid alkali metal salt obtained by mixing one or both of acetic acid and citric acid with one or both of potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate and reacting them can be used.
Acetic acid, citric acid, potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate are ingredients recognized as food additives in Japan.

The third embodiment of the present invention is a lower alcohol based on the first or second embodiment of the fire extinguishing agent, which is designated as a food additive with a carbon number of 4 or less, based on the mass ratio of the natural surfactant to the natural interface. Active agent: lower alcohol = 1: 2 to 1:40.
According to this embodiment, the fire extinguishing performance can be improved.
Examples of the lower alcohol having a carbon number of 4 or less designated as a food additive include glycerin, propylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol.

The fourth embodiment of the present invention is the fire extinguishing agent of any one of the first to third embodiments, and the pH is 5.5 to 8.5.
According to this embodiment, it is possible to prevent corrosion of a fire extinguisher or the like. In addition, if the pH does not reach 5.5, iron and aluminum are easily corroded. If the pH exceeds 8.5, aluminum is easily corroded.

[Example]

Hereinafter, a fire extinguishing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[Comparative Example 1-1]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.050 g of saponin were put into a container, adjusted to 100 ml with water, and stirred to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "600: 1" in terms of mass ratio.

[Comparative Example 1-2]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.100 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "300: 1" in terms of mass ratio.

[Comparative Example 1-3]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.107 g of saponin were put into a container, adjusted to 100 ml with water, and stirred to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "280: 1" in mass ratio.

[Example 1-1]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.111 g of saponin were put into a container, adjusted to 100 ml with water, and stirred to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "270: 1" in mass ratio.

[Example 1-2]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.115 g of saponin were put into a container, adjusted to 100 ml with water, and stirred to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "260: 1" in mass ratio.

[Example 1-3]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.150 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "200: 1" in mass ratio.

[Example 1-4]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.200 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was added to make 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "150: 1" in terms of mass ratio.
In addition, in Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 and Examples 1-1 to 1-4, commercially available potassium acetate may be used, but for example, acetic acid (molecular weight 60 with a purity of 100%) may be used. ) 18.4 g was mixed with 16.2 g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) having a purity of 99.5%, and the reaction was performed at a temperature of 50 ° C. or lower, followed by a purification step.

[Comparative Example 2-1]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.050 g of lecithin were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: lecithin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "600: 1" in mass ratio.

[Comparative Example 2-2]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.100 g of lecithin were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: lecithin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "300: 1" in mass ratio.

[Comparative Example 2-3]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.107 g of lecithin were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: lecithin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "280: 1" in mass ratio.

[Example 2-1]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.111 g of lecithin were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: lecithin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "270: 1" in terms of mass ratio.

[Example 2-2]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.115 g of lecithin were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: lecithin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "260: 1" in terms of mass ratio.

[Example 2-3]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.150 g of lecithin were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: lecithin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "200: 1" in mass ratio.

[Example 2-4]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.200 g of lecithin were put into a container, and water was added to make 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: lecithin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "150: 1" in mass ratio.
In Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3 and Examples 2-1 to 2-4, commercially available potassium acetate may be used, but for example, acetic acid having a purity of 100% (molecular weight 60) may be used. 18.4 g is mixed with 16.2 g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) having a purity of 99.5%, and the mixture is reacted at a temperature of 50 ° C. or lower, and then purified.

[Comparative Example 3-1]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.050 g of casein were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: casein" of this fire extinguishing agent is "600: 1" in terms of mass ratio.

[Comparative Example 3-2]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.100 g of casein were put into a container, adjusted to 100 ml with water, and stirred to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: casein" of this fire extinguishing agent is "300: 1" in terms of mass ratio.

[Comparative Example 3-3]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.107 g of casein were put into a container, adjusted to 100 ml with water, and stirred to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: casein" of this fire extinguishing agent is "280: 1" in terms of mass ratio.

[Example 3-1]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.111 g of casein were put into a container, and water was added to make 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: casein" of this fire extinguishing agent is "270: 1" in terms of mass ratio.

[Example 3-2]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.115 g of casein were put into a container, and water was added to make 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: casein" of this fire extinguishing agent is "260: 1" in terms of mass ratio.

[Example 3-3]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.150 g of casein were put into a container, and water was added to make 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: casein" of this fire extinguishing agent is "200: 1" in mass ratio.

[Example 3-4]
30 g of potassium acetate and 0.200 g of casein were put into a container, and water was added to make 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: casein" of this fire extinguishing agent is "150: 1" in terms of mass ratio.
In Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-3 and Examples 3-1 to 3-4, commercially available potassium acetate may be used, but for example, acetic acid (molecular weight 60) having a purity of 100% may be used. 18.4 g is mixed with 16.2 g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) having a purity of 99.5%, and the mixture is reacted at a temperature of 50 ° C. or lower, and then purified.

[Comparative Example 4-1]
30 g of potassium acetate, 0.030 g of saponin, 0.010 g of lecithin, and 0.010 g of casein were put into a container, adjusted to 100 ml with water, and stirred to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: surfactant" of this fire extinguishing agent is "600: 1" in mass ratio.

[Comparative Example 4-2]
30 g of potassium acetate, 0.060 g of saponin, 0.030 g of lecithin, and 0.010 g of casein were put into a container, adjusted to 100 ml with water, and stirred to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: surfactant" of this fire extinguishing agent is "300: 1" in terms of mass ratio.

[Comparative Example 4-3]
30 g of potassium acetate, 0.060 g of saponin, 0.030 g of lecithin, and 0.017 g of casein were put into a container, and water was added to make 100 ml and stirred to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: surfactant" of this fire extinguishing agent is "280: 1" in mass ratio.

[Example 4-1]
30 g of potassium acetate, 0.070 g of saponin, 0.030 g of lecithin, and 0.011 g of casein were put into a container, adjusted to 100 ml with water, and stirred to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: surfactant" of this fire extinguishing agent is "270: 1" in mass ratio.

[Example 4-2]
30 g of potassium acetate, 0.070 g of saponin, 0.030 g of lecithin, and 0.015 g of casein were put into a container, adjusted to 100 ml with water, and stirred to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: surfactant" of this fire extinguishing agent is "260: 1" in mass ratio.

[Example 4-3]
30 g of potassium acetate, 0.080 g of saponin, 0.040 g of lecithin, and 0.030 g of casein were put into a container, adjusted to 100 ml with water, and stirred to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: surfactant" of this fire extinguishing agent is "200: 1" in terms of mass ratio.

[Example 4-4]
30 g of potassium acetate, 0.100 g of saponin, 0.060 g of lecithin, and 0.040 g of casein were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml and stirred to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: surfactant" of this fire extinguishing agent is "150: 1" in mass ratio.
In Comparative Examples 4-1 to 4-3 and Examples 4-1 to 4-4, commercially available potassium acetate may be used, but for example, acetic acid having a purity of 100% (molecular weight 60) may be used. 18.4 g is mixed with 16.2 g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) having a purity of 99.5%, and the mixture is reacted at a temperature of 50 ° C. or lower, and then purified.

[Consolidation of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 4-3 and Examples 1-1 to 4-4]
The pH of each fire extinguishing agent of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 4-3 and Examples 1-1 to 4-4 was measured. In addition, the fire extinguishing performance of Class A fires, Class B fires, and oil fires is based on the test method of the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications "Provincial Order to Set Technical Specifications for Fire Extinguishers". Fire fighting experiment. In the case of oil fires, experiments were carried out in accordance with the test method of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications' Order "Provincial Order for Technical Specifications of Fire Extinguishers". When extinguishing a fire, each extinguishing agent is filled in a 3L accumulating fire extinguisher, and the extinguishing agent is sprayed from the spray nozzle installed on the extinguisher.

As for the fire extinguishing performance, those who did not re-burn within the specified time (2 minutes for Class A fires and 1 minute for Class B fires and oil fires) were rated as "○". Although the fire was temporarily extinguished, the time required Those who re-ignite inside were rated "△"; those who could not extinguish the fire were rated "×".
In addition, the deterioration test is performed in accordance with the "deterioration test" stipulated by the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications "Provincial Decree Establishing Technical Specifications for Fire Extinguishers". As a result, those who did not have any change in appearance, pH, or specific gravity were evaluated as "○"; those who changed in one or more of appearance, pH, and specific gravity were rated as "×".
These results are shown in Table 1 in Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 and Examples 1-1 to 1-4, and Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3 and Examples are shown in Table 1. 2-1 to Example 2-4 are shown in Table 2, Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-3 and Examples 3-1 to 3-4 are shown in Table 3, and Comparative Examples 4-1 to 4-1 are shown. Comparative Example 4-3 and Examples 4-1 to 4-4 are shown in Table 4.

As shown in Tables 1 to 4, it can be seen that even when the proportion of the natural surfactant in the total amount of 100 ml is reduced to less than 0.200 g of the fire extinguishing agent of the present embodiment, the potassium acetate is adjusted to 30 g, and A natural surfactant made from one or more of lecithin, saponin, and casein is contained in a proportion of 0.107 to 0.200 g, and the ratio of the content of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt to the natural surfactant is based on the mass ratio. Calculated as carboxylic acid alkali metal salt: natural surfactant = 150: 1 ～ 270: 1, it still has high fire extinguishing performance for all fires of Class A fire, Class B fire and oil fire.
In addition, since the result of the deterioration test was "○", the quality retention was also excellent.
In addition, since potassium acetate is used as a food additive in EU countries, lecithin, saponin, and casein are recognized as food additives in Japan, and thus have high safety to the human body.

[Comparative Example 5-1]
20 g of potassium acetate and 0.170 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "117: 1" in terms of mass ratio.
Commercially available potassium acetate may be used. For example, 12.2 g of acetic acid (molecular weight 60) with a purity of 100% and 14.0 g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) with a purity of 99.5% may be used, and reacted at 50 ° C or lower. , Obtained by purification steps.

[Comparative Example 5-2]
20 g of potassium acetate and 0.200 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "100: 1" in terms of mass ratio.
Commercially available potassium acetate may be used. For example, 12.0 g of acetic acid (molecular weight 60) with a purity of 100% and 13.8 g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) with a purity of 99.5% may be used, and reacted at 50 ° C or lower. , Obtained by purification steps.

[Example 5-1]
Put 50 g of potassium acetate and 0.200 g of saponin into a container, add water to 100 ml, and stir to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "250: 1" in mass ratio.
As the potassium acetate, a commercially available product may be used, but for example, 30.6 g of acetic acid (molecular weight 60) having a purity of 100% and 35.2 g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) having a purity of 99.5% may be used, and reacted at 50 ° C or lower. , Obtained by purification steps.

[Comparative Example 6-1]
20 g of potassium citrate and 0.170 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was added to make 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium citrate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "117: 1" in mass ratio.

[Comparative Example 6-2]
20 g of potassium citrate and 0.200 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was added to make 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium citrate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "100: 1" in terms of mass ratio.
In Comparative Example 6-1 and Comparative Example 6-2, commercially available products of potassium citrate may be used, but for example, 11.9 g of citric acid (molecular weight 192) having a purity of 100% and potassium carbonate (99.5%) having a purity of 99% may be used. Molecular weight: 138) 12.8 g was mixed, and the mixture was reacted at 50 ° C. or lower to obtain a purified product.

[Example 6-1]
Put 50 g of potassium citrate and 0.200 g of saponin into a container, add water to 100 ml, and stir to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "potassium citrate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "250: 1" in mass ratio.
As the potassium citrate, a commercially available product may be used, but for example, 29.6 g of citric acid (molecular weight 192) having a purity of 100% and 31.9 g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) having a purity of 99.5% may be used, and the mixture may be mixed at After the reaction, a purification step is performed.

[Comparative Example 7-1]
20 g of sodium acetate and 0.170 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was added to make 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "sodium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "117: 1" in terms of mass ratio.

[Comparative Example 7-2]
20 g of sodium acetate and 0.200 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "sodium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "100: 1" in terms of mass ratio.
In Comparative Examples 7-1 and 7-2, commercially available sodium acetate may be used, but for example, 14.6 g of 100% acetic acid (molecular weight 60) and 99.5% sodium carbonate (molecular weight 106) may be used. ) 12.9 g are mixed and reacted at a temperature of 50 ° C. or lower, and then a purification step is performed.

[Example 7-1]
50 g of sodium acetate and 0.200 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "sodium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "250: 1" in terms of mass ratio.
In addition, as a commercial product, sodium acetate may be used. For example, 36.6 g of acetic acid (molecular weight 60) with a purity of 100% and 32.3 g of sodium carbonate (molecular weight 106) with a purity of 99.5% may be used. , Obtained by purification steps.

[Comparative Example 8-1]
20 g of sodium citrate and 0.170 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was added to make 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "sodium citrate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "117: 1" in terms of mass ratio.

[Comparative Example 8-2]
20 g of sodium citrate and 0.200 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was added to make 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "sodium citrate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "100: 1" in terms of mass ratio.
In Comparative Example 8-1 and Comparative Example 8-2, commercial products may be used for sodium citrate, but for example, 13.1 g of citric acid (molecular weight 192) having a purity of 100% and sodium carbonate having a purity of 99.5% ( A molecular weight of 106) 10.8 g was mixed and reacted at 50 ° C. or lower to obtain a purified step.

[Example 8-1]
50 g of sodium citrate and 0.200 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was adjusted to 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "sodium citrate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "250: 1" in terms of mass ratio.
In addition, as the sodium citrate, a commercially available product may be used. For example, 32.7 g of citric acid (molecular weight 192) having a purity of 100% and 27.0 g of sodium carbonate (molecular weight 106) having a purity of 99.5% may be used, and the mixture may be mixed at After the reaction, a purification step is performed.

[Consolidation of Comparative Examples 5-1 to 8-2 and Examples 5-1 to 8-1]
The pH of each fire extinguishing agent of Comparative Examples 5-1 to 8-2 and Examples 5-1 to 8-1 was measured. In addition, regarding the fire extinguishing performance of freezing point and Class A fire, Class B fire, and oil fire, the test method of A-1 model and B- 1 Model fire extinguishing experiment and determination of freezing point. In the case of oil fires, experiments were carried out in accordance with the test method of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications' Order "Provincial Order for Technical Specifications of Fire Extinguishers". When extinguishing a fire, each extinguishing agent is filled in a 3L accumulating fire extinguisher, and the extinguishing agent is sprayed from the spray nozzle installed on the extinguisher.

As for the fire extinguishing performance, those who did not re-burn within the specified time (2 minutes for Class A fires and 1 minute for Class B fires and oil fires) were rated as "○". Although the fire was temporarily extinguished, the time required Those who re-ignite inside were rated "△"; those who could not extinguish the fire were rated "×".
In addition, the deterioration test is performed in accordance with the "deterioration test" stipulated by the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications "Provincial Decree Establishing Technical Specifications for Fire Extinguishers". As a result, those who did not change any of the appearance, pH, specific gravity, and freezing point temperature were rated as "○"; those who changed more than one of the appearance, pH, specific gravity, and freezing point temperature were rated "×" .
These results are shown in Table 5 in Comparative Example 5-1, Comparative Example 5-2, and Example 5-1, and Comparative Example 6-1, Comparative Example 6-2, and Example 6-1 are shown in Table 6 Table 7 shows Comparative Example 7-1, Comparative Example 7-2, and Example 7-1, and Table 8 shows Comparative Example 8-1, Comparative Example 8-2, and Example 8-1.

As shown in Tables 5 to 8, it can be seen that even when the proportion of the natural surfactant in the total amount of 100 ml is reduced to 0.200 g of the fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment, potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, Or sodium citrate is contained in a proportion of 50g, saponin is 0.200g, and the ratio of the content of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt to the natural surfactant is expressed as a mass ratio of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt: natural surfactant = 250 ： 1. It still has high fire extinguishing performance for all Class A fires, Class B fires and oil fires.
In addition, since the result of the deterioration test was "○", the quality retention was also excellent.
Furthermore, since potassium acetate is used as a food additive in EU countries, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, sodium citrate, and saponin are ingredients recognized as food additives in Japan. high.

[Example 9-1]
10 g of potassium acetate, 20 g of sodium acetate, and 0.150 g of saponin were put into a container, and water was added to make 100 ml, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "alkali metal carboxylate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "200: 1" in terms of mass ratio.
Commercially available alkali metal carboxylic acid salts may be used. For example, 6.1 g of acetic acid having a purity of 100% and 7.0 g of potassium carbonate having a purity of 99.5% may be used, and the reaction may be performed at a temperature of 50 ° C or lower. 10 g of potassium acetate was taken out, 14.6 g of 100% pure acetic acid was mixed with 12.9 g of sodium carbonate having a purity of 99.5%, and after reacting at 50 ° C or lower, a purification step was performed and 20 g of sodium acetate was taken out.

[Example 9-2]
5 g of potassium acetate, 20 g of sodium acetate, 5 g of potassium citrate, 25 g of sodium citrate, and 25 g of sodium citrate and 0.200 g of saponin were placed in a container, and adjusted to 100 ml with water, followed by stirring to obtain a fire extinguishing agent. The "alkali metal carboxylate: saponin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "275: 1" in terms of mass ratio.
In addition, a commercially available alkali metal carboxylic acid salt may be used. For example, 3.0 g of acetic acid having a purity of 100% and 3.5 g of potassium carbonate having a purity of 99.5% may be used. After reacting at 50 ° C or lower, a purification step may be performed. Take out 5 g of potassium acetate, mix 2.9 g of citric acid with a purity of 100% and 3.1 g of potassium carbonate with a purity of 99.5%, and react it at 50 ° C or lower, then perform a purification step, take out 5 g of potassium citrate, and add acetic acid with 100% purity 14.6 g is mixed with 12.9 g of sodium carbonate with a purity of 99.5%. After reacting at 50 ° C or lower, a purification step is performed, 20 g of sodium acetate is taken out, 16.3 g of citric acid with a purity of 100%, and 13.5 g of sodium carbonate with a purity of 99.5%. After mixing and reacting at 50 ° C or lower, a purification step is performed to remove 25 g of sodium citrate.

[Consolidation of Example 9-1 and Example 9-2]
The pH of each fire extinguishing agent of Examples 9-1 and 9-2 was measured. In addition, the fire extinguishing performance of Class A fires, Class B fires, and oil fires is based on the test method of the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications "Provincial Order to Set Technical Specifications for Fire Extinguishers". Fire fighting experiment. In the case of oil fires, experiments were carried out in accordance with the test method of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications' Order "Provincial Order for Technical Specifications of Fire Extinguishers". When extinguishing a fire, each extinguishing agent is filled in a 3L accumulating fire extinguisher, and the extinguishing agent is sprayed from the spray nozzle installed on the extinguisher.

As for the fire extinguishing performance, those who did not re-burn within the specified time (2 minutes for Class A fires and 1 minute for Class B fires and oil fires) were rated as "○". Although the fire was temporarily extinguished, the time required Those who re-ignite inside were rated "△"; those who could not extinguish the fire were rated "×".
In addition, the deterioration test is performed in accordance with the "deterioration test" stipulated by the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications "Provincial Decree Establishing Technical Specifications for Fire Extinguishers". As a result, those who did not have any change in appearance, pH, or specific gravity were evaluated as "○"; those who changed in one or more of appearance, pH, and specific gravity were rated as "×".
These results are shown in Table 9.

As shown in Table 9, it can be seen that even when the proportion of the natural surfactant in the total amount of 100 ml is reduced to 0.200 g, the fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment is selected from the group consisting of potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, Or one or two or more carboxylic acid alkali metal salts of sodium citrate are contained in a proportion of 30 to 55 g and saponin in a proportion of 0.150 to 0.200 g, and the ratio of the content of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt to the natural surfactant is contained. Calculated by mass ratio as carboxylic acid alkali metal salt: natural surfactant = 200: 1 to 275: 1, it still has high fire extinguishing performance of "○" for Class A fires, Class B fires and oil fires. Fire extinguishing performance.
In addition, since the result of the deterioration test was "○", the quality retention was also excellent.
Furthermore, since potassium acetate is used as a food additive in EU countries, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, sodium citrate, and saponin are ingredients recognized as food additives in Japan. high.

From the above, according to Comparative Example 1-1 to Comparative Example 8-2 and Example 1-1 to Example 9-2, 1 or 1 selected from potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, and sodium citrate is selected. Two or more kinds of alkali metal carboxylic acid salts; one or two or more kinds of natural surfactants and water selected from lecithin, saponin, and casein; The alkali metal salt is contained at 30 to 55 g, and the natural surfactant is contained at a ratio of 0.107 to 0.200 g, and the content ratio of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt to the natural surfactant is in terms of mass ratio as the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt: natural interface Fire extinguishing agent with active agent = 150: 1 to 275: 1, not only has both high fire extinguishing performance and high safety to the human body, but also is excellent in terms of cost because of the small amount of natural surfactant.

In addition, the fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment is preferably a lower alcohol designated as a food additive with a carbon number of 4 or less based on the mass ratio of the natural surfactant to the natural surfactant: lower alcohol = 1 : 30 to 1: 40.
This can ensure high safety to the human body and improve fire extinguishing performance.

The extinguishing agent of this embodiment is preferably set to a pH of 5.5 to 8.5. This prevents corrosion of the fire extinguisher and the like.

Claims (4)

A fire extinguishing agent, which is characterized by: It is an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid formed from one or two or more selected from potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate and sodium citrate; A natural surfactant made from one or more of lecithin, saponin and casein; and Made of water, In the total amount of 100 ml, the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt is contained in a proportion of 30 to 55 g, and the natural surfactant is contained in a proportion of 0.107 to 0.200 g. The ratio of the content of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt to the content of the natural surfactant is the mass ratio of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt: the natural surfactant = 150: 1 to 275: 1. The fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the alkali metal carboxylic acid salt is obtained by mixing one or both of acetic acid and citric acid with one or both of potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate and reacting them. For example, the fire extinguishing agent of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the lower alcohol designated as a food additive with a carbon number of 4 or less is based on the mass ratio of the aforementioned natural surfactant, based on the aforementioned natural surfactant: the aforementioned lower grade Alcohol is contained at 1:30 to 1:40. For example, the fire extinguishing agent of any one of claims 1 to 3 has a pH of 5.5 to 8.5.