CN112004581B - Fire extinguishing agent - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN112004581B CN112004581B CN201980023810.XA CN201980023810A CN112004581B CN 112004581 B CN112004581 B CN 112004581B CN 201980023810 A CN201980023810 A CN 201980023810A CN 112004581 B CN112004581 B CN 112004581B
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- fire extinguishing
- extinguishing agent
- fire
- potassium acetate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0035—Aqueous solutions
- A62D1/0042—"Wet" water, i.e. containing surfactant
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/06—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires containing gas-producing, chemically-reactive components
Abstract
The invention relates to a fire extinguishing agent as follows: an alkali metal salt of carboxylic acid comprising 1 or 2 or more selected from potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate and sodium citrate; and natural surfactant comprising 1 or more than 2 selected from lecithin, saponin and casein; and water, wherein the composition comprises 30-55 g of alkali carboxylate and 0.107-0.200 g of natural surfactant in a total amount of 100 ml, and the content ratio of the alkali carboxylate to the natural surfactant is represented by mass: natural surfactant 150: 1-275: 1. therefore, the fire extinguishing agent not only has higher fire extinguishing performance and high safety to human bodies, but also reduces the using amount of the natural surfactant.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing agent for use in fire extinguishers, fire extinguishing apparatuses or fire extinguishing equipment and the like.
Background
As a general water-based fire extinguishing agent, there is a reinforcing liquid fire extinguishing agent (an aqueous solution of potassium carbonate having a concentration of 35 to 40 vol%). It is effective for a fire (ordinary fire), B fire (oil fire) and C fire (electrical fire), and is excellent in extinguishing a temperament of a tempura oil fire in particular, but it requires attention in handling because it is strongly alkaline with a pH of 12 to 13.
In the conventional fire extinguishing agent containing the reinforcing liquid fire extinguishing agent, since safety of the content thereof to human body cannot be secured, when the fire extinguishing agent is released due to fire occurrence, erroneous operation, or the like in a place where the fire extinguishing agent is disposed of directly or indirectly in the entrance such as food, drink, or package thereof, it is necessary to clean or discard the article to which the fire extinguishing agent is attached. That is, since safety of the fire extinguishing agent component to the human body cannot be secured, secondary loss due to adhesion of the fire extinguishing agent is generated in addition to direct loss due to fire, and thus it is required to reduce such a situation.
Patent document 1 discloses the following fire extinguishing agents: the composition comprises 20-55 g of alkali carboxylate and 0.10-2.0 g of natural surfactant in a total amount of 100 ml, wherein the content ratio of the alkali carboxylate to the natural surfactant is represented by mass ratio: natural surfactant 30: 1-100: 1.
according to patent document 1, a fire extinguishing agent having both high fire extinguishing performance and high safety to the human body can be obtained.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2009-291257
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention
Since natural surfactants are expensive, even a slight reduction in the amount used can yield a major cost advantage. However, since the natural surfactant has an effect of foaming and covering the surface of the object to be extinguished, if the amount of the natural surfactant to be used is reduced, the extinguishing performance is lowered.
Patent document 1 shows the following (examples 6-3, 6-4, 10-3, 10-4, etc.): although depending on the content ratio of the alkali metal carboxylate and the natural surfactant, the mixture of the natural surfactant in an amount of 1 to 2g in a total of 100 ml is particularly effective in suppressing the fire of any of the A fire, the B fire and the Tianfu oil fire. On the other hand, the following are also shown (examples 6-1, 6-2, 10-1, 10-2, etc.): when a natural surfactant is mixed in an amount of 0.05 to 0.20g in 100 ml in total, at least one of the fire extinguishing performances for A fire, B fire and Tianfu oil fire is either "Δ" or "x".
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing agent which combines high fire extinguishing performance with high safety to the human body and which uses a small amount of a natural surfactant.
Solution for solving the above technical problem
The fire extinguishing agent of the present invention according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising an alkali carboxylate salt comprising 1 or 2 or more selected from potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate and sodium citrate, a natural surfactant comprising 1 or 2 or more selected from lecithin, saponin and casein, and water, wherein the alkali carboxylate salt and the natural surfactant are contained in a ratio of 30 to 55g of the alkali carboxylate salt to 0.107 to 0.200g of the natural surfactant in a total amount of 100 ml, and the ratio of the contents of the alkali carboxylate salt and the natural surfactant is expressed by mass ratio: the natural surfactant is 150: 1-275: 1.
the present invention described in scheme 2 is characterized in that, in the fire extinguishing agent described in scheme 1, any 1 or 2 of acetic acid and citric acid is mixed with any 1 or 2 of potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate and reacted to obtain the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt.
The present invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that the fire extinguishing agent described in claim 1 or 2 contains a lower alcohol specified as a food additive and having 4 or less carbon atoms, and the mass ratio of the lower alcohol to the natural surfactant is, in the natural surfactant: the lower alcohol is 1: 2-1: 40.
the present invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that the fire extinguishing agent described in any one of claims 1 to 3 has a pH of 5.5 to 8.5.
Effects of the invention
The fire extinguishing agent of the present invention can provide a fire extinguishing agent that combines high fire extinguishing performance with high safety to the human body and that uses a small amount of natural surfactant.
Detailed Description
A fire extinguishing agent according to embodiment 1 of the present invention is composed of an alkali metal carboxylate composed of 1 or 2 or more selected from potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate and sodium citrate, a natural surfactant composed of 1 or 2 or more selected from lecithin, saponin and casein, and water, wherein the alkali metal carboxylate and the natural surfactant are contained in a ratio of 30 to 55g of the alkali metal carboxylate to 0.107 to 0.200g of the natural surfactant in a total amount of 100 ml, and the content ratio of the alkali metal carboxylate to the natural surfactant is expressed by mass ratio: the natural surfactant is 150: 1-275: 1.
according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a fire extinguishing agent that combines high fire extinguishing performance with high safety to the human body and that uses a small amount of natural surfactant.
The alkali metal carboxylate is an effective ingredient for extinguishing A fire (general fire) and Tianfu oil fire. The natural surfactant has an effect of suppressing the evaporation and diffusion of combustible gas in a B fire (oil fire) by foaming and covering the surface of the object to be extinguished. Thus, according to the present embodiment, a fire extinguishing agent having high fire extinguishing performance against any of a fire a (normal fire), a fire B (oil fire), and a fire with tempura oil can be provided. Further, since the fire extinguisher for fire C (electrical fire) is different from other fire extinguishers only in the mode of scattering the fire extinguishing agent component, the fire extinguishing agent of the present embodiment has high fire extinguishing performance even for fire C (electrical fire).
Among alkali metal carboxylates, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, and sodium citrate are recognized as food additives in japan. Potassium acetate was identified as a component safe for human body as a result of safety evaluation test by JECFA (joint food additives committee) under FAO (food and agricultural organization of the united nations) and WHO (world health organization), and was used as a food additive in EU countries.
Lecithin, saponin and casein are ingredients approved as food additives in japan.
Therefore, the fire extinguishing agent of the present embodiment can ensure high safety to the human body.
Further, the fire extinguishing agent of the present embodiment may be added with an additive, which is a component designated as a food additive, as needed.
Further, if the content of the alkali metal carboxylate is less than 20g, the fire extinguishing performance against fire a, fire B, and fire tianfuluo becomes insufficient (the test specified in "act for specifying technical standards of fire extinguishers" of general service of japan is not satisfactory). When the content of the alkali metal carboxylate exceeds 55g, the content tends to change with time, and the test is not satisfactory in the denaturation test specified in "act for specifying fire extinguisher technical standards" of general service of Japan. If the content of the natural surfactant is less than 0.100g, the fire extinguishing performance against fire a and fire B becomes insufficient. If the content of the natural surfactant exceeds 2.00g, the natural surfactant is liable to change with time.
Embodiment 2 of the present invention is the fire extinguishing agent according to embodiment 1, wherein any 1 or 2 of acetic acid and citric acid is mixed with any 1 or 2 of potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate and reacted to obtain an alkali metal carboxylate.
According to the present embodiment, an alkali metal carboxylate obtained by mixing and reacting 1 or 2 kinds of acetic acid and citric acid with 1 or 2 kinds of potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate can be used.
Acetic acid, citric acid, potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate are ingredients approved as food additives in japan.
Embodiment 3 of the present invention is the fire extinguishing agent according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein a lower alcohol specified as a food additive and having 4 or less carbon atoms is contained, and the lower alcohol is a natural surfactant in a mass ratio to the natural surfactant: lower alcohol ═ 1: 2-1: 40.
according to the present embodiment, the fire extinguishing performance can be improved.
Examples of the lower alcohol having 4 or less carbon atoms designated as the food additive include glycerin, propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol.
Embodiment 4 of the present invention is the fire extinguishing agent according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the pH is 5.5 to 8.5.
According to the present embodiment, corrosion of the fire extinguisher and the like can be prevented. When the pH is less than 5.5, iron and aluminum are easily corroded. If the pH exceeds 8.5, aluminum tends to be corroded.
Examples
Hereinafter, a description will be given of a fire extinguishing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Comparative examples 1 to 1
30g of potassium acetate and 0.050g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: saponin "is represented by" 600: 1".
Comparative examples 1 and 2
30g of potassium acetate and 0.100g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: saponin "is represented by" 300: 1".
Comparative examples 1 to 3
30g of potassium acetate and 0.107g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: saponin "is represented by" 280: 1".
[ example 1-1]
30g of potassium acetate and 0.111g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: saponin "is represented by" 270: 1".
[ examples 1-2]
30g of potassium acetate and 0.115g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: saponin "is represented by" 260: 1".
[ examples 1 to 3]
30g of potassium acetate and 0.150g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: saponin "is represented by" 200: 1".
[ examples 1 to 4]
30g of potassium acetate and 0.200g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: saponin "is represented by" 150: 1".
In comparative examples 1-1 to 1-3 and examples 1-1 to 1-4, a commercially available potassium acetate may be used, and the following potassium acetate may be used, for example: 18.4g of 100% pure acetic acid (molecular weight 60) and 16.2g of 99.5% pure potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) were mixed, reacted at 50 ℃ or lower, and then subjected to a purification step to obtain potassium acetate.
Comparative example 2-1
30g of potassium acetate and 0.050g of lecithin are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: lecithin "was expressed as" 600: 1".
Comparative examples 2 and 2
30g of potassium acetate and 0.100g of lecithin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: lecithin "was expressed as" 300: 1".
Comparative examples 2 to 3
30g of potassium acetate and 0.107g of lecithin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: lecithin "was expressed as" 280: 1".
[ example 2-1]
30g of potassium acetate and 0.111g of lecithin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: lecithin "was expressed as" 270: 1".
[ examples 2-2]
30g of potassium acetate and 0.115g of lecithin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: lecithin "was expressed as" 260: 1".
[ examples 2 to 3]
30g of potassium acetate and 0.150g of lecithin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: lecithin "was expressed as" 200: 1".
[ examples 2 to 4]
30g of potassium acetate and 0.200g of lecithin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: lecithin "was expressed in mass ratio as" 150: 1".
In comparative examples 2-1 to 2-3 and examples 2-1 to 2-4, a commercially available potassium acetate may be used, or for example, a product obtained by mixing 18.4g of 100% pure acetic acid (molecular weight 60) with 16.2g of 99.5% pure potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138), reacting at 50 ℃ or lower, and then performing a purification step may be used.
Comparative example 3-1
30g of potassium acetate and 0.050g of casein are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: casein "expressed as" 600: 1".
Comparative examples 3 and 2
30g of potassium acetate and 0.100g of casein are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: casein "is expressed as" 300: 1".
Comparative examples 3 to 3
30g of potassium acetate and 0.107g of casein were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: casein "is expressed as" 280: 1".
[ example 3-1]
30g of potassium acetate and 0.111g of casein are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: casein "is expressed as" 270: 1".
[ examples 3-2]
30g of potassium acetate and 0.115g of casein are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: casein "is expressed as" 260: 1".
[ examples 3 to 3]
30g of potassium acetate and 0.150g of casein are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: casein "is expressed as" 200: 1".
[ examples 3 to 4]
30g of potassium acetate and 0.200g of casein are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: casein "is expressed as" 150: 1".
In comparative examples 3-1 to 3-3 and examples 3-1 to 3-4, potassium acetate is available on the market, and the following potassium acetate may be used, for example: 18.4g of 100% pure acetic acid (molecular weight 60) and 16.2g of 99.5% pure potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) were mixed, reacted at 50 ℃ or lower, and then subjected to a purification step to obtain potassium acetate.
Comparative example 4-1
Adding 30g of potassium acetate, 0.030g of saponin, 0.010g of lecithin and 0.010g of casein into a container, adding water to 100 ml, and stirring to obtain the fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: surfactant "expressed in mass ratio as" 600: 1".
Comparative examples 4 and 2
Adding 30g of potassium acetate, 0.060g of saponin, 0.030g of lecithin and 0.010g of casein into a container, adding water to 100 ml, and stirring to obtain the fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: surfactant "the surfactant" was represented by mass ratio "300: 1".
Comparative examples 4 to 3
30g of potassium acetate, 0.060g of saponin, 0.030g of lecithin, and 0.017g of casein were added to a container, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: surfactant "is represented by mass ratio" 280: 1".
[ example 4-1]
30g of potassium acetate, 0.070g of saponin, 0.030g of lecithin and 0.011g of casein are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the mixture is stirred to obtain the fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: surfactant "is represented by mass ratio" 270: 1".
[ example 4-2]
30g of potassium acetate, 0.070g of saponin, 0.030g of lecithin and 0.015g of casein are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the mixture is stirred to obtain the fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: surfactant "expressed in mass ratio as" 260: 1".
[ examples 4 to 3]
30g of potassium acetate, 0.080g of saponin, 0.040g of lecithin and 0.030g of casein are added to a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the mixture is stirred to obtain the fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: surfactant "is a surfactant represented by" 200: 1".
[ examples 4 to 4]
Adding 30g of potassium acetate, 0.100g of saponin, 0.060g of lecithin and 0.040g of casein into a container, adding water to 100 ml, and stirring to obtain the fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: surfactant "the surfactant" was represented by mass ratio "150: 1".
In comparative examples 4-1 to 4-3 and examples 4-1 to 4-4, commercially available potassium acetate may be used, and the following potassium acetate may be used, for example: 18.4g of 100% pure acetic acid (molecular weight 60) and 16.2g of 99.5% pure potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) were mixed, reacted at 50 ℃ or lower, and then subjected to a purification step to obtain potassium acetate.
[ summaries of comparative examples 1-1 to 4-3 and examples 1-1 to 4-4]
The respective fire extinguishing agents of comparative example 1-1 to comparative example 4-3 and example 1-1 to example 4-4 were subjected to pH measurement. Further, the fire extinguishing performance for fire A, fire B and fire Temple oil was tested by the method of the "law for specifying fire extinguisher technical standards" of general Commission of Japan, and fire extinguishing tests were conducted for fire extinguishing using the A-1 model and the B-1 model. In addition, for the Tianfu oil fire, the experiment was also performed in accordance with the test method of "command for specifying technical specification of fire extinguisher" of general Commission of Japan. In fire extinguishing, each fire extinguishing agent was charged into a 3L pressure accumulating type fire extinguisher, and the fire extinguishing agent was sprayed to the fire extinguishing model from a mist-like spray pipe attached to the fire extinguisher.
Regarding the fire extinguishing performance, the fire extinguishing agent that did not reignite within the predetermined time (2 minutes for a fire a, 1 minute for B and tempura oil fires) was regarded as acceptable and regarded as "o", the fire extinguishing agent that had temporarily extinguished but had reignited within the predetermined time was regarded as "Δ", and the fire extinguishing agent that failed to extinguish the fire was regarded as "x".
The denaturation test was carried out in accordance with the "denaturation test" specified in "regulations for fire extinguisher technical specifications" of the general service ministry. As a result, it was judged that none of the appearance, pH, and specific gravity was changed, and it was judged as "o", and that one or more of the appearance, pH, and specific gravity was changed, it was judged as "x".
These results are shown as: the results of comparative example 1-1 to comparative example 1-3 and example 1-1 to example 1-4 are shown in table 1, the results of comparative example 2-1 to comparative example 2-3 and example 2-1 to example 2-4 are shown in table 2, the results of comparative example 3-1 to comparative example 3-3 and example 3-1 to example 3-4 are shown in table 3, and the results of comparative example 4-1 to comparative example 4-3 and example 4-1 to example 4-4 are shown in table 4.
[ Table 1]
[ Table 2]
[ Table 3]
[ Table 4]
As shown in tables 1 to 4, it is found that the fire extinguishing agent of the present example contains potassium acetate and a natural surfactant in a ratio of 30g of potassium acetate to 0.107 to 0.200g of the natural surfactant composed of 1 or 2 or more selected from lecithin, saponin, and casein, and the content ratio of the alkali metal carboxylate to the natural surfactant is expressed as the alkali metal carboxylate in terms of mass ratio, even when the ratio of the natural surfactant in 100 ml of the total amount is controlled to be 0.200g or less: natural surfactant 150: 1-270: 1, and all of the fire extinguishing performances for the fire a, the fire B and the fire tianfuluo all had high fire extinguishing performance such as "o".
Further, the results of the denaturation experiments were "o", and thus the quality retention was also excellent.
Further, potassium acetate is a component used as a food additive in EU countries, and lecithin, saponin, and casein are components recognized as food additives in japan, and therefore, they are also highly safe for human bodies.
Comparative example 5-1
20g of potassium acetate and 0.170g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: saponin "is represented by mass ratio" 117: 1".
Further, potassium acetate may be commercially available, and for example, the following potassium acetate may be used: potassium acetate was obtained by mixing 12.2g of 100% pure acetic acid (molecular weight: 60) with 14.0g of 99.5% pure potassium carbonate (molecular weight: 138), reacting at 50 ℃ or lower, and then performing a purification step.
Comparative examples 5 and 2
20g of potassium acetate and 0.200g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: saponin "is represented by" 100: 1".
Further, potassium acetate is commercially available, and for example, the following potassium acetate may be used: potassium acetate was obtained by mixing 12.0g of 100% pure acetic acid (molecular weight: 60) with 13.8g of 99.5% pure potassium carbonate (molecular weight: 138), reacting at 50 ℃ or lower, and then performing a purification step.
[ example 5-1]
50g of potassium acetate and 0.200g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium acetate: saponin "is represented by" 250: 1".
Further, potassium acetate may be commercially available, and for example, the following potassium acetate may be used: for example, 30.6g of 100% pure acetic acid (molecular weight: 60) and 35.2g of 99.5% pure potassium carbonate (molecular weight: 138) were mixed, reacted at 50 ℃ or lower, and then subjected to a purification step to obtain potassium acetate.
Comparative example 6-1
20g of potassium citrate and 0.170g of saponin are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium citrate: saponin "is represented by mass ratio" 117: 1".
Comparative examples 6 and 2
20g of potassium citrate and 0.200g of saponin are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium citrate: saponin "is represented by" 100: 1".
In comparative example 6-1 and comparative example 6-2, commercially available potassium citrate can be used, and for example, the following potassium citrate can be used: potassium citrate was obtained by mixing 11.9g of citric acid (molecular weight 192) having a purity of 100% with 12.8g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) having a purity of 99.5%, reacting at 50 ℃ or lower, and then performing a purification step.
[ example 6-1]
50g of potassium citrate and 0.200g of saponin are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of potassium citrate: saponin "is represented by" 250: 1".
Further, commercially available potassium citrate can be used, and for example, the following potassium citrate can be used: potassium citrate was obtained by mixing 29.6g of citric acid (molecular weight 192) having a purity of 100% with 31.9g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) having a purity of 99.5%, reacting the mixture at 50 ℃ or lower, and then performing a purification step.
Comparative example 7-1
20g of sodium acetate and 0.170g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The extinguishing agent has the following components of sodium acetate: saponin "is represented by mass ratio" 117: 1".
Comparative examples 7 and 2
20g of sodium acetate and 0.200g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The extinguishing agent has the following components of sodium acetate: saponin "is represented by" 100: 1".
In comparative examples 7-1 and 7-2, commercially available sodium acetate can be used, and for example, the following sodium acetate may be used: 14.6g of 100% pure acetic acid (molecular weight of 60) and 12.9g of 99.5% pure sodium carbonate (molecular weight of 106) were mixed, reacted at 50 ℃ or lower, and then purified to obtain sodium acetate.
[ example 7-1]
50g of sodium acetate and 0.200g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The extinguishing agent has the following components of sodium acetate: saponin "is represented by" 250: 1".
As sodium acetate, commercially available products can be used, and for example, the following sodium acetate may be used: 36.6g of 100% pure acetic acid (molecular weight of 60) and 32.3g of 99.5% pure sodium carbonate (molecular weight of 106) were mixed, reacted at 50 ℃ or lower, and then subjected to a purification step to obtain sodium acetate.
Comparative example 8-1
20g of sodium citrate and 0.170g of saponin are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of sodium citrate: saponin "is represented by mass ratio" 117: 1".
Comparative examples 8 and 2
20g of sodium citrate and 0.200g of saponin are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of sodium citrate: saponin "is represented by" 100: 1".
In comparative examples 8-1 and 8-2, commercially available sodium citrate can be used, and for example, the following sodium citrate: sodium citrate was obtained by mixing 13.1g of citric acid (molecular weight 192) having a purity of 100% with 10.8g of sodium carbonate (molecular weight 106) having a purity of 99.5%, reacting at 50 ℃ or lower, and then performing a purification step.
[ example 8-1]
50g of sodium citrate and 0.200g of saponin are added into a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of sodium citrate: saponin "is represented by" 250: 1".
Further, commercially available sodium citrate can be used, and for example, the following sodium citrate can be used: sodium citrate was obtained by mixing 32.7g of citric acid (molecular weight 192) having a purity of 100% with 27.0g of sodium carbonate (molecular weight 106) having a purity of 99.5%, reacting at 50 ℃ or lower, and then performing a purification step.
[ summaries of comparative examples 5-1 to 8-2 and examples 5-1 to 8-4 ]
The respective fire extinguishing agents of comparative example 5-1 to comparative example 8-2 and example 5-1 to example 8-1 were subjected to pH measurement. Further, with respect to the freezing point and the fire extinguishing performance against A fire, B fire and Tianfu oil fire, the A-1 model and B-1 model were subjected to the experiment of extinguishing fire and the measurement of the freezing point by the test method in accordance with "the act of stipulation of standards on fire extinguisher technology" of general Commission of Japan. In addition, for the Tianfu oil fire, the experiment was also performed by a test method in accordance with "directive of stipulation of technical standards for fire extinguishers" of general Commission of Japan. In fire extinguishing, each fire extinguishing agent was charged into a 3L pressure accumulating type fire extinguisher, and the fire extinguishing agent was sprayed to the fire extinguishing model from a mist nozzle attached to the fire extinguisher.
Regarding the fire extinguishing performance, the fire extinguishing agent that did not reignite within the predetermined time (2 minutes for a fire a, 1 minute for B and tempura oil fires) was regarded as acceptable and indicated by ". smallcircle", the fire extinguishing agent that had been temporarily extinguished but had reignited within the predetermined time was regarded as "Δ", and the fire extinguishing agent that failed to extinguish the fire was regarded as "x".
Further, denaturation tests were carried out in accordance with the denaturation test specified in the regulation of "regulations for fire extinguisher technical standards" of the general service of Japan. As a result, the fire extinguishing agent having no change in any of appearance, pH, specific gravity, and freezing point temperature was regarded as acceptable and indicated as "o", and the fire extinguishing agent having a change in one or more of appearance, pH, specific gravity, and freezing point temperature was indicated as "x".
These results are shown as: the results of comparative example 5-1, comparative example 5-2 and example 5-1 are shown in Table 5, the results of comparative example 6-1, comparative example 6-2 and example 6-1 are shown in Table 6, the results of comparative example 7-1, comparative example 7-2 and example 7-1 are shown in Table 7, and the results of comparative example 8-1, comparative example 8-2 and example 8-1 are shown in Table 8.
[ Table 5]
[ Table 6]
[ Table 7]
[ Table 8]
As shown in tables 5 to 8, it is understood that the fire extinguishing agent of the present example, even when the ratio of the natural surfactant in the total amount of 100 ml is controlled to 0.200g, contains the above-mentioned substances in a ratio of 50g of potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate or sodium citrate and 0.200g of saponin, and the content ratio of the alkali metal carboxylate to the natural surfactant is expressed as the alkali metal carboxylate in terms of mass ratio: natural surfactant 250: 1, all of the fire extinguishing performances for the fire a, the fire B and the fire tempura oil had high fire extinguishing performance such as "o".
Further, the results of the denaturation experiments were "o", and thus the quality retention was also excellent.
Further, potassium acetate is a component used as a food additive in EU countries, and potassium citrate, sodium acetate, sodium citrate, and saponin are components recognized as food additives in japan, and therefore, the safety to the human body is high.
[ example 9-1]
10g of potassium acetate, 20g of sodium acetate and 0.150g of saponin were added to a vessel, water was added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent was obtained by stirring. The "alkali metal carboxylate salt: saponin "is represented by" 200: 1".
The alkali metal carboxylate may be a commercially available one, and for example, the following alkali metal carboxylate may be used: 6.1g of 100% pure acetic acid and 7.0g of 99.5% pure potassium carbonate were mixed and reacted at 50 ℃ or lower, followed by purification to extract 10g of potassium acetate, 14.6g of 100% pure acetic acid and 12.9g of 99.5% pure sodium carbonate were mixed and reacted at 50 ℃ or lower, followed by purification to extract 20g of sodium acetate.
[ example 9-2]
5g of potassium acetate, 20g of sodium acetate, 5g of potassium citrate, 25g of sodium citrate and 0.200g of saponin are added to a container, water is added to 100 ml, and the fire extinguishing agent is obtained by stirring. The "alkali metal carboxylate salt: saponin "is represented by the mass ratio" 275: 1".
The alkali metal carboxylate may be a commercially available one, and for example, the following alkali metal carboxylate may be used: for example, 3.0g of 100% pure acetic acid and 3.5g of 99.5% pure potassium carbonate are mixed and reacted at 50 ℃ or lower, followed by a purification step to extract 5g of potassium acetate, 2.9g of 100% pure acetic acid and 3.1g of 99.5% pure potassium carbonate are mixed and reacted at 50 ℃ or lower, followed by a purification step to extract 20g of sodium acetate, 16.3g of 100% pure acetic acid and 13.5g of 99.5% pure sodium carbonate are mixed and reacted at 50 ℃ or lower, followed by a purification step to extract 25g of sodium acetate.
[ summaries of examples 9-1 and 9-2]
The pH measurement was performed for each of the fire extinguishing agents of example 9-1 and example 9-2. Further, regarding the fire extinguishing performance against fire A, fire B and fire Temple oil, the fire extinguishing tests for the model A-1 and the model B-1 were conducted in accordance with the test method of "Institution for specifying fire extinguisher technical standards" of general Commission of Japan. In addition, for the Tianfu oil fire, the experiment was also performed in accordance with the test method of "the ordinance on fire extinguisher technical specifications" of the general Commission of Japan. In fire extinguishing, each fire extinguishing agent was charged into a 3L pressure accumulating type fire extinguisher, and the fire extinguishing agent was sprayed to the fire extinguishing model from a mist nozzle attached to the fire extinguisher.
Regarding the fire extinguishing performance, the fire extinguishing agent that did not reignite within the predetermined time (2 minutes for a fire a, 1 minute for B and tempura oil fires) was regarded as acceptable and indicated by ". smallcircle", the fire extinguishing agent that had been temporarily extinguished but had reignited within the predetermined time was regarded as "Δ", and the fire extinguishing agent that failed to extinguish the fire was regarded as "x".
Further, denaturation tests were carried out in accordance with the denaturation test specified in the "ordinance on technical standards for fire extinguishers" of the general service of japan. As a result, the fire extinguishing agent having no change in any of the appearance, pH, and specific gravity was regarded as "o", and the fire extinguishing agent having one or more changes in the appearance, pH, and specific gravity was regarded as "x".
These results are shown in table 9.
[ Table 9]
As shown in table 9, the fire extinguishing agent of the present example was obtained by containing 30 to 55g of alkali carboxylate consisting of 1 or 2 or more selected from potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, and sodium citrate and 0.150 to 0.200g of saponin, even when the proportion of the natural surfactant in a total amount of 100 ml was controlled to 0.200g, and the content ratio of the alkali carboxylate to the natural surfactant was expressed as the alkali carboxylate in terms of mass ratio: natural surfactant 200: 1-275: 1, and all of the fire extinguishing performances for the fire a, the fire B and the fire tianfuluo all had high fire extinguishing performance such as "o".
Further, the results of the modification experiments were "o", and thus the quality retention was also excellent.
Further, potassium acetate is a component used as a food additive in EU countries, and potassium citrate, sodium acetate, sodium citrate, and saponin are components recognized as food additives in japan, and therefore, the safety to the human body is high.
As described above, it is understood from comparative examples 1-1 to 8-2 and examples 1-1 to 9-2 that the following fire extinguishing agents not only have high fire extinguishing performance and high safety to the human body, but also are excellent in cost because the amount of the natural surfactant used is small: the fire extinguishing agent comprises 1 or more than 2 carboxylic acid alkali metal salts selected from potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate and sodium citrate, 1 or more than 2 natural surfactants selected from lecithin, saponin and casein, and water, wherein the content ratio of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salts to the natural surfactants is represented by mass ratio, in total 100 ml, the carboxylic acid alkali metal salts are 30-55 g and 0.107-0.200 g: natural surfactant 150: 1-275: 1.
further, the fire extinguishing agent of the present embodiment preferably contains a lower alcohol specified as a food additive, having 4 or less carbon atoms, in a mass ratio to the natural surfactant of, the natural surfactant: lower alcohol ═ 1: 30-1: 40.
this can further improve the fire extinguishing performance while maintaining high safety to the human body.
In addition, the pH value of the fire extinguishing agent of the embodiment is preferably 5.5-8.5. This can prevent corrosion of the fire extinguisher and the like.
Claims (4)
1. A fire extinguishing agent is characterized in that,
consists of alkali metal carboxylate, natural surfactant and water,
the alkali metal salt of carboxylic acid is composed of 1 or more than 2 selected from potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate and sodium citrate,
the natural surfactant is composed of 1 or more than 2 selected from lecithin, saponin and casein,
the surfactant composition comprises 30-55 g of the alkali metal carboxylate and 0.107-0.200 g of the natural surfactant in a total amount of 100 ml,
the ratio of the content of the alkali carboxylate to the natural surfactant is expressed as the alkali carboxylate in terms of mass ratio: the natural surfactant = 150: 1-275: 1.
2. the fire extinguishing agent of claim 1,
mixing and reacting any 1 or 2 of acetic acid and citric acid with any 1 or 2 of potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate to obtain the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt.
3. Fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 or 2,
contains a lower alcohol having 4 or less carbon atoms designated as a food additive in a mass ratio to the natural surfactant of: the lower alcohol = 1: 30-1: 40.
4. fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 or 2,
the pH value is 5.5-8.5.
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| JP2018-070743 | 2018-04-02 | ||
| JP2018070743A JP6644280B2 (en) | 2018-04-02 | 2018-04-02 | Fire extinguisher |
| PCT/JP2019/009216 WO2019193919A1 (en) | 2018-04-02 | 2019-03-08 | Fire extinguishing agent |
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| CN112004581A CN112004581A (en) | 2020-11-27 |
| CN112004581B true CN112004581B (en) | 2021-09-07 |
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| JP (1) | JP6644280B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20200136947A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN112004581B (en) |
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| US10960250B2 (en) | 2019-06-07 | 2021-03-30 | Frs Group, Llc | Long-term fire retardant with corrosion inhibitors and methods for making and using same |
| IL303669A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2023-08-01 | Frs Group Llc | Long-term fire retardant with magnesium sulfate and corrosion inhibitors and methods for making and using same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2009148039A1 (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2009-12-10 | 宮田工業株式会社 | Fire extinguishing agent |
| CN104524736A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-22 | 赵双龙 | Fireproof fire-extinguishing agent with high safety to human body and high fire extinguishing performance |
| CN104888397A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-09 | 国家电网公司 | Fine water mist additive and preparation method and application thereof |
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| DE102004056830A1 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2006-06-08 | Basf Ag | Fire extinguishing composition, comprises at least one water absorbing polymer and at least one alkaline salt |
| JP2009291636A (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2009-12-17 | Miyata Ind Co Ltd | Fire extinguishing agent |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2009148039A1 (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2009-12-10 | 宮田工業株式会社 | Fire extinguishing agent |
| CN104524736A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-22 | 赵双龙 | Fireproof fire-extinguishing agent with high safety to human body and high fire extinguishing performance |
| CN104888397A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-09 | 国家电网公司 | Fine water mist additive and preparation method and application thereof |
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| JP6644280B2 (en) | 2020-02-12 |
| KR20200136947A (en) | 2020-12-08 |
| JP2019180465A (en) | 2019-10-24 |
| CN112004581A (en) | 2020-11-27 |
| TW201943439A (en) | 2019-11-16 |
| TWI806972B (en) | 2023-07-01 |
| WO2019193919A1 (en) | 2019-10-10 |
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