TW201940768A - Conjugate fiber with moisture-absorbed elongation effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a conjugate fiber with moisture-absorbed elongation characterized by comprising a polyamide-containing component and a polyolefin-containing component. The conjugate fiber consists of the structure of sun-moon parallel type or the structure of eccentric core-sheath type. The conjugate fiber according to the present invention has a moisture-absorbed elongation effect. The length of the conjugate fiber increases by water-absorbing or moisture-absorbing, and the fiber recovers to original length after moisture-releasing.

Description

Composite fiber with hygroscopic elongation change

The present invention relates to a composite fiber that has a hygroscopic elongation effect, the elongation of which increases with moisture absorption or water absorption, and returns to its original length after being humidified. More specifically, the present invention relates to a composite fiber having a hygroscopic elongation effect, which has a hygroscopic elongation effect after dyeing and processing steps. The invention also relates to a yarn comprising such a composite fiber.

U.S. patent application US 5534339 A discloses a conjugate fiber containing polyamide and a polyolefin polymer, which is manufactured by a melt-blowing process. The cross-section of the conjugate fiber is a side-by-side, concentric sheath type, eccentric sheath Type, split type or sea-island type, mainly used in non-woven fabrics; but it does not disclose that its yarn length will change with humidity.

Taiwan patent application TW 200804640 A states that the composite fiber containing polyamide and polyester polymer has a side-by-side or eccentric core-sheath type, and its yarn will take up and shrink as it absorbs moisture. Shrinks after absorbing moisture.

No fiber has been disclosed in the prior art that elongates after absorbing moisture and returns to its original length after being wetted (ie, dried).

The inventors of the present case unexpectedly discovered that a composite fiber produced by using a combination of a polyamide component and a polyolefin component in a sun-moon side-by-side or eccentric core-sheath structure is formed. The composite fiber has a hygroscopic elongation effect. The composite fiber can increase the elongation by absorbing water or moisture, and the yarn of the hygroscopic and elongating composite fiber can be recovered after releasing moisture.

According to the hygroscopic elongation composite fiber of the present invention, the polyamide component may be nylon 6, nylon 66, or the like.

The hygroscopic elongation composite fiber according to the present invention, wherein the polyolefin component can be polyethylene, polypropylene and copolymers thereof or a blend with polyester or polyamide.

The hygroscopic elongation composite fiber according to the present invention, wherein the fiber cross-sectional shape is a sun-moon side-by-side type or an eccentric core sheath type.

The hygroscopic elongation composite fiber according to the present invention is a composite fiber joined by an eccentric sheath-type structure, in which a polyamide component is used as a sheath and a polyolefin component is used as a core.

According to the hygroscopic elongation composite fiber of the present invention, when the ratio of the polyamide component to the polyolefin component is based on the weight ratio, the polyamide component / polyolefin component is 30/70 to 70/30.

The hygroscopic elongation composite fiber according to the present invention, wherein the composite fiber may be a high forward-stretching yarn (HOY), a fully-stretching yarn (SDY), or a false twist processing yarn (DTY).

Figure 1 is a cross section of a composite fiber joined by an eccentric sheath-type structure.

FIG. 2 is a cross section of a composite fiber joined by a solar-parallel structure.

The present invention relates to a composite fiber, which is characterized in that it contains a polyamide component and a polyolefin component, and is a composite fiber joined in a side-by-side or eccentric core-sheath structure. The composite fiber has a hygroscopic elongation effect. Elongate by absorbing water or moisture, and recover by absorbing moisture. The present invention also relates to a yarn containing the composite fiber.

The composite fiber of the present invention is obtained by joining a polyamide component and a polyolefin component in a side-by-side type or an eccentric core-sheath structure. When the polyamide component and the polyolefin component form an eccentric core-sheath structure, the core portion is composed of a polyolefin component, and the sheath portion is composed of a polyamide component. When the hygroscopic elongation composite fiber of the present invention has an eccentric core-sheath structure, the core portion is arranged at an eccentric position in the sheath portion. When the sun-moon side-by-side structure is formed, polymers are bonded to each other.

Generally speaking, after the composite fiber used in the present invention is subjected to heat treatment (such as a dyeing process), the shrinkage ratio of the polyamide component and the polyolefin component will form a crimped form. It is a polyolefin component and the inside is a polyamine component. The water elongation of the polyamide component is greater than the water elongation of the polyolefin component. Therefore, when the composite fiber absorbs moisture or water, the polyamide component (that is, the inner side of the bend) elongates more than the polyolefin component (that is, the outer side of the bend), so that the fiber crimped portion becomes straight, so the fiber undergoes elongation changes. . When the composite fiber yarn is wet or dried, the polyamide component (inside of the bend) of the composite fiber shrinks more than the polyolefin component (outside of the bend), so the yarn returns to a crimped shape.

In the composite fiber of the present invention, the polyamidamine component is not particularly limited as long as it has a amidine bond in the main chain. The polyamide component which can be used for the composite fiber of the present invention may be, for example, nylon 6 and nylon 66. Among them, in terms of yarn stability, nylon 6 and nylon 66 are generally preferred. In addition, those who have a amide bond in the main chain in this way can also be The base is copolymerized with other components as the polyamide component of the present invention.

In the composite fiber of the present invention, the polyolefin component may be polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polypentene, or the like. Of these, polyethylene, polypropylene, and copolymers or blends thereof are preferred. In addition, due to the property that polyolefin is not easily dyed, a third component such as polyester, polyamide, etc. can also be added to the polyolefin component to form a blend to increase the dyeability of polyolefin.

The hygroscopic elongation composite fiber of the present invention is a composite fiber having a cross-sectional shape of a fiber in which the polyamide component and the polyolefin component are joined. The polyamine component and the polyolefin component may be combined in a form of a sun-moon side or an eccentric core-sheath structure. In terms of elongation, a form in which the two components are joined by an eccentric core-sheath type is preferred. The cross-sectional shape of the composite fiber may be a circular cross section or a non-circular cross section. For example, the non-circular cross section may be a triangular cross section or a quadrangular cross section. In addition, the hollow fiber may be used in the cross section of the composite fiber. In addition, when the ratio of the polyamide component to the polyolefin component in the fiber cross section is based on the weight ratio, the polyamide component / polyolefin component is preferably 10/90 to 90/10, and 60/40 to 75 / 25 is better.

In addition, the two components contained in the hygroscopic elongation composite fiber according to the present invention may each contain a pigment such as titanium oxide or carbon black, a conventional antioxidant, an antistatic agent, a light resistance agent, and a hygroscopic agent, and are compatible. Agent.

The composite fiber of the present invention is manufactured by a conventional melt spinning process device, and its melt spinning speed is preferably 2000 to 5000 m / min, and more preferably 2500 to 4500 m / min. (HOY). Stretching can also be performed directly by the melt spinning device, and if necessary, heat treatment can be performed simultaneously with the stretching. For example, the composite fiber is preheated in the first roller on the yarn feeding side of the stretcher at a temperature of 50 to 100 ° C, so that the preheated composite fiber is stretched between the first roller and the second roller. Then in The second roller heated at a temperature of 80 to 180 ° C, preferably 80 to 140 ° C, is heat-set. The stretching ratio between the first and second rollers can be set when the obtained composite fiber has a desired fiber elongation, for example, it is preferably 1.1 to 4.0, and more preferably 1.4 to 3.6, and a fully extended yarn can be obtained ( SDY). It can also be subjected to false twist processing heat treatment at the same time as required, for example, using a processing speed of 500m / min, a hot plate temperature of 160 ° C, and an elongation of 1.5 through a false twist processing program, which is wound up to obtain a false twist processed yarn (DTY). .

The hygroscopic elongation composite fiber according to the present invention was subjected to boiling water treatment for 40 minutes, and was measured under a load of 6.6 * 10 ^-4 g / d to stabilize the composite fiber. After the heat treatment, 6.6 * 10 ^{-4 was} applied to the composite fiber. A load of g / d was placed at a relative humidity of 60% and a temperature of 25 ° C for 2 hours. The length was measured as L0, and the length was measured as L1 after 1 minute after the composite fiber was sprayed with water vapor using a sprayer. Elongation ΔL shown.

△ L = (L1-L0) * 100 / L0

The ΔL of the composite fiber according to the present invention is 0.5 or more, preferably 1.0 to 35.0, and more preferably 1.5 to 30.0.

Examples

The present invention is explained in more detail by the following examples.

Example 1

Nylon 6 and polypropylene were melted at 275 ° C, and an eccentric core-sheath spinning nozzle was used. Nylon 6 was the sheath and polypropylene was the core. The composite ratio was 70:30 to form an eccentric core-sheath composite fiber and cooled. After curing and applying the oil agent, the yarn was wound at a speed of 3700 m / min, and a 75d / 72f HOY moisture-absorbent elongation composite fiber was obtained. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 2

Nylon 6 and polypropylene were melted at 275 ° C, and an eccentric core-sheath spinning nozzle was used. Nylon 6 was the sheath and polypropylene was the core. The composite ratio was 70:30 to form an eccentric core-sheath composite fiber and cooled After curing and applying the oil agent, the yarn is preheated at a speed of 2500 m / min and a first roller at a temperature of 60 ° C. Then, a heat treatment is performed at a speed of 4000 m / min and a second roller heated at a temperature of 130 ° C. (Elongation ratio 1.6 times), coiled to obtain 75d / 72f SDY hygroscopic elongation composite fiber.

Example 3

Nylon 6 and polypropylene were melted at 275 ° C, and an eccentric core sheath type spinning nozzle was used. Nylon 6 was a sheath and polypropylene was a core. The composite ratio was 70:30, and an eccentric core sheath type composite fiber was formed. After cooling and solidifying, after giving the oil agent, the yarn was wound at a speed of 2500m / min to obtain a composite fiber of 120d / 72f POY, and then processed at a speed of 500m / min, a hot plate temperature of 160 ° C, and an extension ratio of 1.6 Twisting processing procedure, coiling, to obtain 75d / 72f DTY hygroscopic elongation composite fiber.

Example 4

Use nylon 6 and polypropylene to melt at 275 ℃, use eccentric core sheath type spinning nozzle, nylon 6 as sheath, polypropylene and 10% polyamide blend polymer as core, with a composite ratio of 70:30, An eccentric core sheath type composite fiber is formed, which is cooled and solidified, and after the oil is applied, the yarn is wound at a speed of 3700 m / min to obtain a 75d / 72f HOY hygroscopic elongation composite fiber.

Example 5

Nylon 6 and polyethylene were melted at 275 ° C, and an eccentric core-sheath spinning nozzle was used. Nylon 6 was the sheath and polyethylene was the core. The composite ratio was 70:30, and an eccentric core-sheath composite fiber was formed. After cooling and solidifying and applying the oil agent, the yarn was wound at a speed of 3700 m / min to obtain a 75d / 72f HOY hygroscopic elongation composite fiber.

Example 6

Nylon 66 and polyethylene were melted at 275 ° C, and an eccentric core-sheath spinning nozzle was used. Nylon 66 was the sheath and polyethylene was the core. The composite ratio was 70:30, and an eccentric core-sheath composite fiber was formed. After cooling and solidifying and applying the oil agent, the yarn was wound at a speed of 3700 m / min to obtain a 75d / 72f HOY hygroscopic elongation composite fiber.

Example 7

Nylon 6 and polypropylene were melted at 275 ° C, and an eccentric core-sheath spinning nozzle was used. Nylon 6 was the sheath and polypropylene was the core. The composite ratio was 55:45 to form an eccentric core-sheath composite fiber and cooled. After curing and applying the oil agent, the yarn was wound at a speed of 3500 m / min, and a 75d / 72f HOY hygroscopic elongation composite fiber was obtained. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 8

Nylon 6 and polypropylene are melted at 275 ° C, and a juxtaposed spinning nozzle is used. Nylon 6 is a sheath (month) and polypropylene is a core (day). A composite ratio of 70:30 is used to form a juxtaposition of sun and moon. The type composite fiber is cooled and solidified, and after the oil agent is applied, the yarn is wound at a speed of 3500 m / min to obtain a 75d / 72f HOY hygroscopic elongation composite fiber. The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1

Nylon 6 and polypropylene were melted at 275 ° C, and concentric round core sheath type spinning nozzles were used, with nylon 6 as the sheath and polypropylene as the core, with a composite ratio of 70:30 to form concentric round core sheath type composite fibers. After cooling and solidifying and applying an oil agent, the yarn was wound at a speed of 3700 m / min to obtain a composite fiber of 75d / 72f HOY.

Comparative Example 2

Use a lower limiting viscosity of 0.50 polyethylene terephthalate and a higher limiting viscosity of 0.64 polyethylene terephthalate to melt at 290 ° C. Use an eccentric core-sheath type spinning nozzle with a lower limiting viscosity. Polyethylene terephthalate is the sheath, and the higher limiting viscosity polyethylene terephthalate is the core. The composite ratio is 70:30, and an eccentric round core sheath composite yarn is formed, which is cooled and solidified. After applying the oil agent, the yarn was wound at a speed of 3700 m / min to obtain a 75d / 72f HOY composite fiber.

Comparative Example 3

Use a lower limiting viscosity of 0.50 polyethylene terephthalate and a higher limiting viscosity of 0.64 polyethylene terephthalate to melt at 290 ° C. Use a side-by-side spinning nozzle for lower limiting viscosity polymerization. Polyethylene terephthalate as sheath (month), high limit viscosity polyethylene terephthalate as core, with composite ratio of 70:30, and forming sun-month side-by-side composite yarn, which is cooled and solidified After applying the oil agent, the yarn was wound at a speed of 3700 m / min to obtain a composite fiber of 75d / 72f HOY.

The composite fibers of the above examples and comparative examples were measured as follows.

(1) Morphological changes

The yarn was knitted with a tube knitting (3 "/ 190 stitches), dyed with an acid dye at 100 ° C, washed with water, and dried as a measurement sample. Water vapor was sprayed into the garter using a sprayer, and the garter was observed to absorb the moisture Condition, judging the bulkiness or shrinkage of the catalog by dripping with the naked eye.

Cataloging change 1: The catalog is greatly extended after the water drops (the gap becomes larger)

Cataloging change 2: No change in cataloging after dripping

Cataloging change 3: Significant shrinkage of the catalog after dripping (smaller gaps)

(2) Hygroscopic elongation:

A hank of 1500De was made from a composite fiber, and it was treated in boiling water for 40 minutes under a light load of 6.6 * 10 ^-4 g / d. Then, under a load of 6.6 * 10 ^-4 g / d, it was left to stand for 2 hours, and the length was measured as L0, and the length was measured as L1 by using a sprayer 1 minute after the composite fiber was sprayed with water vapor. The moisture absorption elongation ΔL shown by the following formula is ΔL = (L1-L0) / L0 * 100

Claims (6)

A hygroscopic elongation composite fiber, which is characterized in that it contains polyamidine component and polyolefin component, and is a composite fiber joined by a sun-month side-by-side or eccentric core-sheath structure. The composite fiber has a moisture-elongation (moisture- absorbed elongation), the composite fiber increases the elongation of the yarn by absorbing water or moisture, and returns to its original length after being wet. The hygroscopic elongation composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polyamide component is nylon 6 or nylon 66. The hygroscopic elongation composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polyolefin component may be polyethylene, polypropylene and copolymers thereof or a blend with polyester or polyamide. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the fiber of the hygroscopic elongation composite fiber of claim 1 is a side-by-side type or an eccentric core sheath type. For example, a hygroscopic elongation composite fiber according to claim 1, which is a high forward drawn yarn (HOY), a fully drawn yarn (SDY), or a false twisted yarn (DTY). A yarn comprising the hygroscopic elongation composite fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 6.